1920-1921 NWC The Black and Red Vol. 24

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BlachanbBei) OPENING NUMBER VOLUME XXIV NO. 1

f^3 7S hJQ APRIL 1920

Northwestern College Watertown, Wisconsin

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m.匪: 11勺J ：f： TABLE OF CONTENTS

Prof. Herman Meyer.........

A Tale of the Yukon...........

The Course of Events …L— When Love Ruled Revenge Foster and bis Songs------EDITORIALS Simplex Mandities_______ Qbauty oi thought has Fled.

ALUMNI....................................

COLLEGE NOTES....................

ATHLETICS..............................

EXCHANGES ............................

LOCALS....................................

CO-ED NOTES..........................

JOKES.......................................

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LITERARY

10 13 18 20 22 22 25 26 31 33 35 37 37

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PROFESSOR HERMAN MEYER.

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BLACK AND RED

Voutmij XXIIT.

Watkrtown, Wis., April 1920.

Number 1

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Again our synod has sustained a grievous loss. Another mem­ ber of the faculty of our Theological Seminary at Wauwatosa, Prof.

11 orin an Meyer, has been called from his labors in the church to .his eternal rest.

On March 24th he was stricken with pneumonia, and his con­ dition was almost immediately recognized as very serious. There followed ten days of anxious watching and prayer. Though he ral­ lied sufficiently to receive the Lord’s Supper for the comfort of his soul, the patient was almost continually in a delirium. On Easter day, just before noon, his spirit departed the mortal frame to join the Risen Savior in the eternal mansion of the Father.

The funeral was held on the following Thursday. At ten o’clock in the forenoon. Pastor Herman Gieschen conducted a brief service for the family in the home of the deceased. Then his body was conducted by the students of the Theological Seminary to St. John’s church in Milwaukee, where it lay in state till two o’clock，being viewed by those who held the departed in high esteem as an able and faithful worker in the vineyard of the Lord. Representatives of the institutions of the Missouri Synod and of our own had ap­ peared to express their sympathy to the bereaved family and to the Seminary. The congregations at Goodhue were also represented.

The funeral sermon was preached by Professor August Pieper.

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Then the body was conveyed to the Union Cemetery, where it will rest till the glorious day of our Lord.

Herman Edward Ernest Meyer, the sixth child of Pastor Jo­ hannes Meyer and his wife Meta Behnken, was born at Caledonia, Racine County, Wis., on June 30tli, 1881. After the death of her husband, which occurred when Herman was three years of age, Mrs. Meyer took up her residence in Watertown, Wls., in order to afForrl her three sons the opportunity to acquire a good education. At. Wa­ tertown the deceased attended the parochial school and Nor 111 west­ ern College. His decision to serve the church as a parochial school teacher led him to our Teachefs* Seminary in New XJlm, from which he was graduated in 1898.

His mother having meanwhile removed to Milwaukee, Wis., Herman Meyer changed his plans and entered Concordia Collo?ic After completing the course, he took up tlie study of theology at our Theological Seminary. In 1904 he began his 'vork in tho ininistrv, serving successively the congregations at Eden Valley, Buffnlo rm(l Pelican Lake, and (Goodhue, all in Minnesota. He was a failliful pastor and an earnest missionary- Two of the mission stations where he began the work are now self-supportins： conpresrations.

In 1913 he was called by the hoard of the Luthers^n IT1*^ School at Milwaukee to take charge of that school n.s its director. Ever on earnest supporter of the Christian school, he did not hositnto to follow this call, fully realizing that the cause of the Christian train­ ing of the youn.fi： under present condition demands Luthern schools of higher learning. Only for two years was Professor Mover per­ mitted to remain in the direct service of the Lutherii School, but this school has always found him a staunch supporter and, fre­ quently, a helping friend in need.

In 1915 our synod decided to add a fourth professor In tbo fac­ ulty of the Theological Seminary. Prof. Meyer wns cnllod. Ouvsory exegesis of the Old and New Testaments, homiletics, mid sym­ bolics were assigned to him. Here, too, he provod Ms wovtlr. Aftor the death of Director Schaller, the Seminary Board hnd called him to the chair of dopnatics.

But the Lord had not. so disposed. He hns brought to an end the earthly labors of this able, willins: and thorons：]ilv rolinblo worker in the church. Prof. Meyer left us in tlie prime of his lifo at the age of 38 years, 9 months and 5 days. He is survived by his widow Laura, formerly Miss Quandt, three sons, two daughters, his mother, two brothers, and his father-in-law.

We commend the bereaved family to Him who calls Himself “the father of the fatherless and a judge of the widows.”

And for our synod we appeal to Him: “Return, 0 Lord, how long? and let it repent thee concerning thy servants. 0 satisfy us early with thy mercy; that we may re­ joice and be glad all our days. Make us gird according to the days wherein thou hast afflicted us, and the years wherein we have seen evil. Let thy work appear unto thy servants, and thy glory unto llieir children. And let the beauty of the Lord our God be upon us: and establish thou the work of our hands upon us; yea, the work J. B. of our hands establish thou it.

A TALK OF Till： YUKON. John E. A. Herrmann, ’21.

On Jan. 21, 1919, the transport Paco left Brest for Canada with (he famous “Princess Pat” regiment aboard. Everyone was happy that the victory had been won and that he now could return to the dear ones reluctantly left behind. Among this crowd of merry­ makers was Walter MacDonald. Ho had left his home and kind parents at the beginning of the war as a volunteer to defend his home and country. Courage and spirit in battle he had, but his former innocent character was blotched as a result of France’s low standard of morals. No longer was he the obedient son that had left home, with tears in his eyes and words of love and duty on his lips. The war had demoralized him to such an extent that he could not share the happiness of his homesick comrades. Home to him seemed only a memory: the love and respect for his parents had vanished. Halifax received the heroes with open arms; the whole city was crowded with people and bedecked with the flags of the Dominion.

A hearty welcome awaited him on the threshold of his home.

Festivities continued throughout the week in honor of their hero son. whose breast was decorated by the Croix de Guerre. After the excitement had subsided, Walter wished to get some kind of easy occupation. At home he didn’t feel comfortable, for his character needed a strange town rather than his home for a field to work in.

Since military life was his one and only hobby, he wished to re­ main in this branch of service. At this time the Royal Northwest Mounted Police had sent out a call for qualified men to fill the gaps the war had caused. Walter read this in the papers and decided to

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try it. “Eighty dollars a. month and board, besides the experiences one would encounter, isn’t half bad,” said lie to himself.

After a hurried parting from liis parents, lie left for the head­ quarters and training barracks of the mounted police, the city of Regina. This city is the largest and most modern city in the Cana­ dian West, and is often called “Queen” of the West. Here Walter arrived early on a cold gray morning in February to report to head­ quarters. After a satisfactory examination he found himsolf en­ listed in one of the most noted police forces of the world. The “mounties，” red coat and black breeches with a golden stripe on each side became him well. The training he received was similar to that of the army, demanding, however, stricter ol)ediencc and a higher morale. Walter luckily traveled on the least noticed side of the road of duty； he would play tricks under cover of the night.

A year of training at the barracks in horsemanship and mark sin anship sent him out of the mill a full-fledged mounted police.

Early one morning he received orders to go to Battleford to help quell a rebellion among the Indian inhabitants. Black Bear, the rebel chieftain, was shot and the rest mercilessly hanged or iinprisoned. The war had taught Walter to do cruelties without any scruples of conscience, and so here a.lso did he like to see his enemy suffer. Gallantry in action resulted in the sewing of sergeant chev­ rons on former private MacDonald. Walter's thoughts, liowevor, never turned to the place that had been his home, and within 'vhose walls the kindest and noblest parents, who had made him the idol of their hearts, dwelt. Outwardly he had the shape of a man, but inwardly he was rotten almost to the core.

One morning a telegram from Regina reached him. He liad just been thinking how it would be possible to fill his empty pocket s.

The contents of the telegram for an instant stupified him; he was to make a trip to Dawson City with some important mail, while Ser­ geant Deynold of Regina was to accompany him. The trip to Daw­ son City in the Yukon is one that every mounted policeman dreads to recall; it is a journey in intensely cold w-enther through the snowcovered prairies and through huge forests, filled with outlaws and hungry timber wolves. Waiter’s crooked plans to replete his finan­ cial coffer had for a time run aground in the sea of duty. Go he must or face court-martial. Sergeant Reynolds appeared the same day and they spent the night together in order to establish good comradeship for the coining journey.

Late in January the two mounted policemen left for the North, happy in spirits, but far apart in thoughts. Sergeant Reynold’s •4,

I一卿】I狀k parents had given him a Christian education and also fostered in him the spirit to do right and to shun all evil;it had been the foun­ dation on which his manly character now rested. Walter had had the same education, but had fallen into the hands of the archfiend.

The trip for the first few weeks ran across the open and snow-cov­ ered prairies. This was actually to be the easiest part of the jour­ ney, although the sixty degrees below zero didn’t suit our travelers from the East. Towards the end of February they crossed Lake Atliabaska and arrived at Fort Chipewyan. Provisions were replenislied and they followed up the trail with encouraged ardor and vigor. The forests of timber now lay before them, now more than ever they had to be on their guard against both man and beast.

St. Anne, the clay’s destination of the two policemen, was reach­ ed late at night. Wiih his arrival at this town Walter’s chance to coin some money for his own private use came to him. Two no­ torious outlaws had their den in the vicinity of the town, and they were always well informed by their co-partner Russell at Battleford, should something valuable pass near by. Russell had sent them tho informa Lion concerning the valuable mail the mounted police11HM1 carried :funds were to be at their disposal.

One of these oullaws was drawn into the Midway Inn saloon by the uniform that Walter wore. Thinking him to be one of the mounted policemen who were on their way to Dawson City, lie ap­ proached him with a social greeting. “On a trip to Dawson?” said the outlaw.

“Yes, but. we have decided to remain here over night that our (logs may get their needed rest,” grumbled Walter as he looked up at the scroundrel. Thereupon the outlaw looked at him ques-' tioningly and said, “are you in need of funds?”

Yes,” said Walter carelessly.

Well, if you are willing to make five thousand through prac­ tically no effort of your own whatsoever, you can come into some private room with me and talk it over. Walter followed him and wlien they were seated asked him to state the proposition. “I’m in need oi* funds and I’m willing to do almost anything for a good price.”

“Sell part of your mail to me and I’ll give you five thousand dollars,w said the outlaw.

“It is too risky to try anything of the kind, I’ll lose my head for it and will not be able to enjoy the bribe,” said Walter.

“Shoot your partner and put the blame on him.”

The outlaw, seeing that Walter could be convinced if he would

only urge him on a little more continued, “To-morrow night we shall, I and my partner, come to your camp, which you’ll undoubtedly pitch on tlie bank of the MacKenzie. You get into a quarrel with Reynolds and slioot him. We’ll follow your trail and when we hear you slioot, we，ll come and make the trade. Then you can report to headquarters that, as you were gathering kindling-wood for the fire, you noticed your comrade taking mail out of the bags and giv­ ing it to someone. You knew it was your duty to prevent the loss of the mail, so you shot and killed him on duty. This explanation would be a plausible one and you would perhaps even receive a promotion.”

‘Tm game,” yelled Walter. The two shook hands and the look in tlieir eyes revealed tlie devilish thoughts in their cruel and de­ ceitful hearts.

Walter and Sergeant Reynolds left St. Anne early in the morn­ ing and wound their way through the dense bulk of black timber.

“Rather a cold morning,” said Reynolds.

“It is rather, but when have we had a warm one since we left the prairies?”

Thus slowly the two moved on till night began to cast its veil on this bleak and monotonous scenery. Now Walter thought it was time to begin an argument which would culminate in Reynold’s death. Reynold had just been complaining how godless the people of this northern wilderness were, how sorry he felt that they must die in their sins. Walter began, “What is sin anyway? “I learnt the catechism and read tlie Bible, but you see the result. Wliat does it profit one to be a Christian?” Reynolds looked at him somewhat surprised, but said, “It has done a great deal for me. I am certain that I shall find salvation in Christ.”

The MacKenzie came in view, rushing and thundering as it wound its way through the huge blocks of ice and rock. “Let’s set up our camp here for the night, Reynolds,M exclaimed Walter.

“All right, said Reynolds, tliere’s a cave here too that’ll pro­ tect us from the wind. A truly ideal location.”

After supper was over, Walter began cursing, so that lie might irritate Reynolds again.

“No wonder the word of God has no effect on your cold and hard heart. You commit one sin after the other and are careless as to the consequences,” said Reynolds. Walter, however, only cursed more violently than before. Reynolds did all in his power to prove to him that he was doing wrong by swearing and cursing.

What Walter had looked for, came about—a quarrel. The time for

the approach of the outlaws was near, and he must work quickly.

Reynolds, seeing that the quarrel would only cause enmity between them, left the fire and retired to his tent. Walter commanded him, at the threat of death, to come back, but Reynolds was in no mood to continue the quarrel. The rifle flew to Walter’s shoulders, he took true aim and sent the bullet into Reynolds’ back, the target of a crowd. A dull thump in the snow made him feel sure of his victim.

The outlaws appeared soon afterward, and the transaction was concluded, but not lor the live thousand, for Walter held the two outlaws back with his pistol and haggled with them until 8000 were turned over. Walter immediately started out for headquarters with all of liis belongings and some of the mail to report his false story to the authorities. Fortune was with Reynolds, however, for a fur-trader, drawn by the light of the campfire, came and saw him lying unconscious in the blood-tinted snow. Long afterwards Rey­ nolds regained consciousness and was told by the fur-trader that v» he had been left alone to his fate.

It surely must have been a cowardly slouch that shot you in the back,” said the trader com­ passion alely. Reynolds told him the whole story and inquired about the niailbags. The trader told him that only the fresh traces of several men and their dogs were to be seen. Now Reynolds could look through Walter’s plans: he surely would have been a stumb­ ling-block in Walter’s path.

A few weeks later found Walter in Dawson City, where he im­ mediately reported to headquarters how the robbery of some of the mail had come about and why he had killed Reynolds.

“Is lie dead?” asked the commandant.

“I think so. There was no time left for me to remain there long enough to look after him, because the other mail was in dan­ ger. If I didn’t kiil him instantly, he is at least severely wounded, and won't be alive by this time anymore,” said Walter.

“The criminal must not escape! Be he dead or alive, we must have him. Where did you leave him?

“On the banks of the MacKenzie, not far from the Bison Trail,” exclaimed Walter.

Reynolds, partly recovered from his wound after several weeks and set out immediately with the assistance of the fur-trader for Daw­ son City to report the loss of the mail and the assassin’s treachery.

The detachment sent out from Dawson City met him on the way and took him back. Reynolds purposely remained quiet, and from the accusations and curses heaped upon him, he knew what was up.

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Walter liad blamed him for the loss of the mail.

What “So this is the way things stand,” said lie to himself, shall I do? I actually didn’t trust that man all the way to St. Anne, but I hardly thought he would do this. I feel for him and really hate to squeal on him, ifs too bad that such a man should die or be imprisoned in the very prime of youth. If I tell them the truth, MacDonald will be punished severely, perhaps shot, and chances are they won’t believe me anyway. Again if I take the punishment, per­ haps his heart can be softened and lie will confess his guilt. He may then look upon liis past life as ail empty, worthless existence and make up for lost time. If lie repents, the Word of God also will find him better ground to grow in. I will take the punishment, and hope thereby to regain a lost son.” Thus Reynolds was med­ itating and paid little attention to liis captors.

As he arrived at Dawson City, the expression on the faces of the authorities only too plainly told him the story over again. Wal­ ter^ scornful face in the audience, as lie was brought before court, looked up at him defiantly, but at the same time signs of fear played on liis visage. Reynolds was tried and found guilty. His failure to deny Walter’s story left no doubt in the minds of the jury. The sentence was as follows: “Tlie commandant at Battleford will be here soon, and he will decide whether you shall be hanged or im­ prisoned for life.”

Walter couldn’t understand how Reynolds could have offered himself, his very life, for such a criminal as he was. The look on Reynolds’ face was calm and quiet, but out of his eyes Walter read his own sentence, “You are the guilty one and I, the innocent man, am suffering for your wrongs, Was it possible that liis enemy could forgive, and then suffer for liis wrongs also? With these thoughts Walter retired to his bunk, while his conscience, the little there was left of it, was rapping at the doors to the cell that yet contained a little of the Christian spirit of his youth. The continual knocking made him restless, but brought about no decision.

Thus for several days Walter confined himself to his bunk; the eight thousand dollars were a load on his mind. Walter was called one morning again to give his evidence of the case to tlie command­ ant of Battleford. He mustered enough courage and related the same story, only not with the sureness and forcefulness that lie liad done a few days before. After the commandant had heard Walter’s story and no denial liad come from the accused, he ordered Rey­ nolds to be hanged the next morning.

On the following day a restless and excited crowd came out to

the suburbs of the city to see the sentence executed. No one, how­ ever, was so restless and excited as Walter, from whom even the sun shrunk behind a cloud. When Walter saw Reynolds brush by him, their eyes met; Reynolds* eyes looked pleading and pitingly in­ to the eyes of liis accuser. It was too much for Walter, he turned away aiul cried.

“Now before you are hanged, you are given the privilege to ask a favor of me,” said the executioner. Reynolds looked at him and said, “Go, tell Walter MacDonald that I have forgiven him and wish him good luck.”

The executioner shouted these words to the onlookers with a clear, sharp voice, for it was the custom and duty of the executioner to repeat to the spectators the doomed man’s words. These words struck Walter harder than any previous ones said; he rushed up to the gallows and embraced his friend. Several of the bystanders tried to pull him away from the victim-to-be of the gallows, some­ thing stronger tlum the Imnds of u man bound them together now.

Reynolds had tried to beckon liim away, but it had been useless.

Walter got up and confessed before liis God and the multitude his cowardly crime. Tears came to the eyes of the onlookers, and shouts ol' “bi.avo” rent the air, while the commandant stood speech­ less and gasped for breath.

After the excitement liad abated, the commandant grasped and shook the hands of both friends with a tear in his eye and a smile on his face. Then he continued, “Sergeant Reynolds of the Royal Northwest Mounted Police, I shall proclaim your innocence in pub­ lic and re-accept you as a member of the police force witli the rank of captain. You surely played a man’s game.”

Then with a stern look lie eyed the trembling Walter and mo­ tioned him to come closer. “You have confessed your guilt. You sold the mail, attempted murder, and willingly lied to see an inno­ cent one suffer.

“I did,” said Walter, shaking his head mournfully.

“The law therefore demands justice; you shall receive tlie same punishment, but I will give you throe days grace before you pay the price on the gallows. Walter was about to turn away, when the com­ mandant asked him to remain and tell him the events, as they actu­ ally had happened. He also asked him where the mail was.

Walter related the whole story and told him that the mail was ill the hands of Russell. Thereupon he took the money he liad re­ ceived from the outlaws and gave it to the commandant, saying: “Here is the money; do with it as you deem fit.” Two policemen

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came up at thet command of their superior and took Walter to the prison.

Reynolds、could not receive a pass to visit his friend until early on tlie morning of tlie execution. The jailer lit a lantern and led him to the cell of the unfortunate one. The light of the candle showed the dim outline of a prostate body. Reynolds tapped him gently oil the shoulder and said, “Walter, Reynolds has come and wishes to cheer up his friend.”

Walter looked at him with half open eyes and said, “Oh, how my conscience troubles me. I feel so guilty and see the demons of tlie night casting greedy and evil glances on their next victim— poor me! Please come closer and tell me something about the God I so foolishly cursed.” Reynolds raised liim up and put his arms about him. Then he began to tell of the merciful and forgiving Jesus, who had come to save what was lost. Tears choked Rey­ nolds, making him hesitate for a few moments.

“Please tell me more of Him; it seems to quiet my troubled breast and gives me comfort. Please continue.”

Thus they sat by another for several hours. The rays of the sun glided through the prison bars and shone warmly on them.

Then the steps of several men were heard. Someone said in a low voice: “No 4，’’ This was tlie number of Walter’s cell! In stepped tlie executioner of •several days ago, the commandant and two other officials.

“It is time,” said tlie executioner.

Reynolds walked by Walter’s side to the gallows, where Wal­ ter stopped for a moment, and looked with kind, thanking eyes at his friend. Reynolds had given him the peace which no gallows could rob him of—the peace in Christ. They embraced and kissed each other, but their tongues seemed mute. Out of each others* eyes they could read the farewell which their lips could not utter.

Firmly and slowly Walter ascended the platform on which the gallows stood. Cheerfully he obeyed the executioner and died at peace with God. During the last few moments of his fast fleeing life lie noticed invisible hands extended to welcome liim to the Heavenly Jerusalem.

THE COURSE OF EVENTS. Edwin Jaster, *21.

How many times during the last few years has not the phrase —10—

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occurred, “History repeats itself.” This phrase says that there is nothing new on earth; what happened in the year 2000 B. C. might recur again and again as is shown by war, their causes and results.

From the beginning of factions there have been wars, and to the end of time there will be war. The pages of history are full of con­ flict, we may even say, they are printed in gore. Families, cities, nations fell as sacrifices to this unmerciful, avenging Mars; and for what purpose? (Generally to enrich the one and enslave the other.

The Crimean War, the lioer War are but repetition of the wars the Romans fought to gain territory and acquire power. The Revol­ utionary War was a direct inspiration to the French to rise against the nobility; bill far different was the result, which culminated in the Reign of Terror, a description of which even historians shrink from writing. Diplomacy and international relations were as prev­ alent in the early days of the Babylonians and Assyrians as they are now; intrigue and conspiracies were hatched and still are, whereever a man becomes too powerful and thus evokes the envy and wrath of others. Socrates, Caesar, Napoleon, Lincoln, all fell viclims to the jealousy ol' others; in fact, from the clays of Abel and Cain envy has been the passion governing most of the murders both in political and civil life.

Blit though we find that historical events similar to those of the present have at some former time occupied the pages of his­ tory, we do not find them in the same form. There are thus two other ways in which these events may have taken place, either in a crueder form or in a more advanced form, and the motives may have been either good or bad. If we search through the long course of events which have swayed the destiny of the world, we very sel­ dom find that the method of application of some former event was more advanced than that of a similar event that happened later; there has been no degeneration, but an advancement of civilization.

But when we use the phrase, “History repeats itself,” that means a recurrence of the same event without reference of whether the event stood oil a higher or lower basis of civilization, or whether the re­ sult of it was for the betterment or retardation of civilization. There­ fore if it can be shown that the events at their recurrence are in a more complicated form, the phrase, “History repeats itself in spirals” would portray the course of events more vividly to us.

This phrase would express that the method of recurring events was an improvement over the method of the former event. This can be more clearly illustrated by a common example. When a person climbs a spiral staircase he is always within the same radius 一11—

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and lie passes over tlie same spaces, but at a higher level, and con­ tinues to go higher and higher until he reaches the top. So also in history.

An historical event occurred in the year 3000 B. C.; the same event occurred later in the year 1000 B. C., but in advanced form; in the year 1400 A. D. it happened in a still more refined form and thus on to the highest level, which is perfection; or to the lowest level, which is frightfulness. Let us follow wars through the ages.

Tlie first wars were fought between only a few people and with the crudest weapons, allowing only hand to hand encounters. Later tribes arose against tribes and by hurling spears they could fight to better advantage. Then a nation overran the territory of another nation and from the protection of a forest the attackers could shoot their arrows at the defenders. Still later countries fought against countries and through the agency of guns and cannons the feudal castles crumbled. Now continents fight against continents and the manifold machines of destruction make the present war the most terrible thing on earth, the greatest punishment God can visit upon a nation. In the great World War over a million souls llecl from the earth, from the attack of man-made machines, directed by man against man. Every invention is but a tool to fashion the shape of former events in a more complicated manner.

When the sailors of Tyre and Sidon cruised the Mediterranean in their crude little sail-boats, the world marveled; when Columbus made his memorable trip across the Atlantic the world was astound­ ed. Magellen braved the terrors of the wild Pacific and circum­ navigated the globe, and later this event was continually repeated to establish a record of the shortest time required. Already plans are under way to equip an airship to sail in the heavens around the it be the last? The future alone will draw the veil of time aside, terrestrial globe, the latest recurrance of this ser.ies of events. Will Alliances have been formed and will continue to be formed and since an event may repeat itself in a worse form, we shall use alli­ ances as an example to show that an event with an evil motive be­ comes more evil and intriguing. Alliances are the exponents of evil： ostensibly they seem to be founded on principles of truth and jus­ tice, but the ulterior purpose is good for power. The Delphian League was formed ostensibly to protect the small states of Greece against the Persian hosts, but how soon did not Athens use the league to help subdue other states and bring them under her control. The Triple Alliance was a league of three countries, Russia, Austria, and Prussia, ostensibly to preserve religion, peace, and order in Europe, —12—

:Bell | but in reality to protect royalty against the growing democratic ten­ dencies. The League of Nations now is to be the confederation of many countries, ostensibly to insure world-peace, but in reality to crush the Central Powers; and who knows, but that some day Eng­ land would use the league for her own purpose. The motives of all alliances are the same, but the methods are different. Each time a greater number have joined and the secret diplomacy and the in­ triguing relations have been greater. Every alliance is blit a greater step toward evil.

An instance of history developing on a good platform through the ages, is government, <he greatest and best political thing on earth. Though Hie practical applications of it have often failed, the theoretical principles are good and sound. What would the world be without, government? What would the world be with the government of 1000 B. C.? There has been a constant advance tow­ ard a more perfect democratization, a rule of the people. The basic principles are the same, but the methods of carrying on a govern­ ment are constantly embracing a larger sphere and the advance­ ment is along good lines.

Thus by following every historical event it may be seen that it repeats itself in a more complicated form either toward the good or (lie bad. Tho recurranee is never in the same but in a more ad­ vanced form, and wc may truly say, “History repeats itself in spirals.”

WHERE LOVE JIULED REVEINGE. D. Rohda, ’22.

The torch and the sword had not yet been awakened to acHou !n Russia. Although the spirit of unrest was spreading silently, slowly but surely, the greater part, of the country was enjoying a weird peacefulness—the calm before the storm.

In the heart of a fertile, productive valley lay a few scattered farm dwellings. The time was midsummer. After a day of hard work under the July sun the farmers loved to sit before their doors in the cool gray twilight. As the grown-ups chatted with one an— other, the children gamboled on the meadows lying between their homes.

Among the children that were playing on the fields one even­ ing were little Peter Krofski and his tiny companion Rosa Berfer.

Peter was the son of a husky young Russian, who labored far from —13—

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home in the deep imperial mines in the Urals and who came home but once a month. Rosa was the daughter of a neighboring farmer.

It was darkening. The peasants one by one were leaving their door-steps and retring for the night. The little friends too had just parted and were making their way toward home, when the village seemed to liven again. Little Peter was suprised to see farmer after farmer come forth from his hut so long after sunset. He hurried on his way. How surprised he was to see a knot of people gathered around his home! Could it be that his father had come home again with news from tlie mines? No, he had been home but a week ago!

“Something has happened，” his little heart told him and he set out out at full speed for his home.

Breathless, he arrived at home and found his father tliore, tliis time not in the midst of a group of quiet peasants telling them tlie news from the mines, but in the midst of a group of angry, noisy Russian husbandmen; his wife was hanging about his neck. Peter pushed through the crowd. His father saw him inmiediatoly.

“Peter，” lie said in a slightly quivering voice, “come here.” At the mention of Peter’s name the young wife and mother seemed to take courage. Her arms dropped from the neck of her husband: she picked up her little son. “Ivan，” she whispered to her husband in her native tongue, constantly sobbing, “send them away and come into the house. Peter and I shall go now.” She left.

Ivan stayed with his boorish neighbors. “Countrymen，” he be­ gan after being silent, for some minutes, “I shall now toll you mv complete story. As you already know，I am with you to-night, prob­ ably for the last time. I have been allowed to come home to-nis：ht. to visit my family once more before I am sent to the east—to Siberia.

The other day I complained to a fellow-miner that we laborers were under-paid; I was overheard. Next day I was led before one of our officials; he read a paper to me stating that, as I had murmured against His Majesty, tlie Czar, and was t lire fore a. traitor. T was to be deported to the frozen Siberian country. I knew it to bo useless to fight against His Majesty’s command; so I begged leave to visit my wife and child once more. I was refused. I begged again, I implored the official, I swore I would return the day after to-mor­ row. He was moved, and, as he had considerable power, allowed me at his own risk to come. I have sworn to return—and I will.

Now, good countrymen. 12:0 to your homes. I shall leave for the mines late to-night, I shall see you no more. Take care of my wife and little Peter. The day will come when this wrong toward me, yes, the wrongs toward many other poor subjects of His Majesty

IfUlMfe ‘ 致沒―| will be avenged! Speak no words of sympathy for me, though you feel it in your hearts, otherwise you may follow me. Good night, friends and neighbors, forever.”

The poor hearers’ hearts were filled with anger toward His Majesty, but the fear of Siberia sup­ pressed it. One by one they shook Ivan’s hand for the last time, then departed with a heart filled with sympathy, anger, revenge,— and fear.

The last man left. Ivan went into the house. He found his wife with her little child inside; both were weeping. “Have you told him?” Ivan asked his wife.

“I have told him that, you arc going away, never to come to us again. More I have not, more I shall not,” she sobbed.

“That’s enough, let him be innocent of the rest for the present,” the husband and father answered. All remained still for some fime, except for occasional sobs. Peter had soon cried himself to sleep, and husband and wife were alone— —alone for the last few hours they could spend together.

They spoke: then fell Into silence again; they went; anrl they prayed. At last the time for departure came. The father took his sleeninp: infant. son into his arms and kissed him, with the hone in liis boart that the dnv would come when he. tlip infant Peter, should pvenire the wrong inflicted on his father l)v His Majesty, tlie Czn/r.

Tlio liiislinml was forced to tear himself from his almost wife. “It must be so: it cannot be changed. Brace ur>, mv wife, ond live for vour child.M These were his last words. It w?s ea^lv rlawn when lie set out for the mines. His wife pausorl befoi'e tho house and watched him plod away in the cold c：rpv (]pwh. Her heart semed on the verare of breaking: she was almost ref>rly to swoon. when she heard Peter within. The sound of his voire, ps once before, strengthened her. She knew she must live for him; she resolved to do it, and she did.

Two years passed by and mother and child had heard no word from the husband and father. The last of those two years was ter­ rible.

Famine struck the hamlet and the region round about.: plague accompanied the famine. Rosa, Peter’s little friend, Wf?P robbed of her Darentr and brothers and was thrown iiDon the mercy of the neighbors. Were Peter and his mother to starve? The neiarhbors who had supported them until that time, could no longer sriye them assistance, for they had but food enough for their own. Mother and child must either starve or leave for the southwest country where food was more plentiful.

The young mother determined to leave. She exchanged lier 一15—

I㈣ household goods for tlie scant surplus food of her neighbors, then, with a few little things, that she could possibly barter for food on the way, trudged on her journey toward the southwest. After three days’ journey, after three nights together under the stars, Peter and his mother arrived at the city of K. near tlie Black Sea. The mother sought an old uncle in the town; she found that he had died, that his son, however, still lived on the uncle’s estate. To him she went; in him she found assistance.

Rosa, Peter’s little playmate, fared even better. When death had torn her brothers, father, and mother from her side, the whole village had felt compassion for her. The news of her sad plight came to the ears of a magistrate in a. city not far away. One (lay as he passed through the thorp where she lived, he saw her. She appealed to him. He loved her, tlie little child, and took her with him.

So Peter and Rosa far from each other, still constantly think­ ing of each other, still constantly hoping some day to meet again, grew up.

Twenty years had come and gone since liis father hnd left, at lawn never to be heard from any more, ten years had come and gone since his mother had closed her eyes in death, when the day came that awoke a terrible, revengeful passion in (he heart of Peter.

The times were such as to aggravate that unholy passion. The seed of unrest that the nobility had sown through years past was now growing, was almost ripe to bear its terrible fruit—destruction, an­ archy and chaos. The sword and tlie torch were already active in parts of the country. The time was at hand when His Majesty, tlie Czar with his band of aristocrats was to be violently set aside, to be thrown into prison, and a more terrible government to be insti­ tuted in its place—the government, rather misgovernment, of the masses, the most dreadful government of all.

The head that wore a crown was uneasy.

Bands of armed troops were marching through the country, destroying, pillaging, and burning, entering cities almost without opposition, taking the noble magistrates from their palaces and treating them atrociously.

At the head of such a newly organized band tliat was issuing from the southwest provinces was Peter Krofski, in whose heart as a boy the spirit of hatred and revenge had been instilled. Often in his dreams he saw his father laboring in Siberia. These visions gave him courage, led him on. He marched liis troops toward the north, toward the country of liis birth. He passed through the village in which he had enjoyed such peaceful hours as were likely not to —16—

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come again. He was exalted by the people he had left some twenty years ago; he sought his little playmate of long ago among them.

Without finding her he left the village and led his troops north­ ward toward a neighboring city, in which, as he little expected, rested his love.

Peter at the head of his band entered the city with no opposi­ tion. Srtaightway he marched, his heart seething with revenge, toward the palace of the magistrate—the palace that sheltered the object of his unholy revenge on tlxe one hand and the object of his holy love on the other. With a few squads of his best men, he forced his way through the palace guards and entered the palace. He found the potentate alone. Peter advanced toward him and was about to seize him and have him bound, when, like a phantom in the night, Rosa, his childhood love, appeared in the doorway. He was struck with amazement. Should he believe his eyes? Could that be Rosa? Was probably this magistrate dear to her? He stood and stared at her for a moment, then unconsciously exclaimed, “Rosa!”

She recognized his voice, she recognized his person in the same in­ stant. One bound, and she was embracing in tears her companion of years gone by. “Peter, if von still love me, spare that man.”

These were her first words, pointing to the potentate, “He has loved me, given me a home and everything I desired,” she went on.

“I have here,” taking a paper from her bosom, “the very thing you, not alone, have been wishing for these long years, the pardon of your father.”

Peter was now wholly at a loss. Should he avenge the wrong done his father by the first noble of the land, on the benefactor of his love? Could he? That was out of the question. “Rosa,” he said, breaking the prevailing silence, “I was come to avenge a cruel deed on this man, but I cannot. My love is greater than my revenge.”

He turned to the magistrate toward whom his revenge had become transfigured into respect, and reached out his hand.. Coldly the magistrate pressed his hand to Peter’s. “All I ask of you,” Peter whispered, “is Rosa.”

Tears stood in the aged man’s eyes, but he answered as cooly as he had taken Peter’s hand, “Take her/ Peter resigned as revolutionary leader and took Rosa as his wife.

The day of their marriage they spent in the hamlet in the valley as they had done in the long, long ago.

!

FOSTER AND HIS SONGSC. F. Bolle，’21.

It was in the year of 1826 when Lawrenceville, Pennsylvania, was celebrating the natal day of our republic that Stephen Foster was born. He grew up and was nurtured on the sweet negro melo­ dies which filled the air about his home. Later he was sent to school, where he was never noted for studious qualities. Yet he taught himself German and French, developed a hand for painting and a liking for Mozart, Beethoven, and Weber.

It is to Foster that we refer when we speak of our American composer. To him are credited the immortal ditties: * > My Old Kentucky Home,” “Old Black Joe,” “Massa’s in (le Cold, Cold Ground,” “The Louisiana Belle/1 “6ld Dog Tray,” “Ellen Bayne，” “Laura Lee,” and many others. Altogether there are about 175 songs which bear his signature. But are they really his own com­ positions?

Will S. Hayes, a rival of Poster as a song writer, states that Foster was a “barroom loafer,” who drowned his at-one-time-sweet tenor voice with drink. He further asserts that Poster received a scrap-book with all sorts of melodies, odds and ends, from a Ger­ man friend; and as soon as the scrap-book gave out, Foster gave out.

Whether this true or uot, we do not know. We hope it is not.

One is rather prompted to believe that this utterance is but the spleen of a rival composer.

Although it still remains to be proved whether Foster is guilty of publishing his friend’s-compositions as his own, it has been proved that his “Old Folks at Home” and several of his negro melodies are not his own compositions. Col. Henry Watterson, an authority, writes that while he was at a concert in Viennna, which was de­ voted entirely to Schubert, a part of the unfinished opera “Rosamonde” was rendered. The theme of this part, he declares, served Foster as the melody for his “Old Polks at flome.”

It is doubtful whether Foster knew anything about Rosamonde.

We do not even know whether he liad any intention to plagiarize.

The case is similar with some of his negro songs. Throughout liis youth lie heard the negros singing, and it is natural that some of the songs should remain with him. Later while lie was at his desk taxing his mind for melodies, the old negro melodies returned to him, and he put them down on paper without a thought that lie had ever heard them before, and therefore without a thought of plagiar一18—

ism. In one of Beethoven’s Sonatas certain Welsh melodies occur, but we certainly could not accuse Beethoven of plagiarism. Just as little can we accuse Foster.

Foster is certainly not the only composer who has made use of German melodies for the purpose of setting his words into music.

It is probably not generally known that “Yankee Doodle” is a “Hessische Rutscher” or Hessian Dance. It happened in this wise: The Americans were marching towards Blinker Hill, but without fife and drum corps. On their way they met three wandering “musicians,” who could play nothing but the ITessian Dance. With this tune, now called “Yankee Doodle,” the troops were led to Bunker Hill.

It is probably more surprising that many years ago a |German com­ poser in Alsace-Lorraine wrote a song, tlie melody of which the French adopted as their National Antliem—their Marseilleise. These are but two of an immense number of instances.

Foster’s songs are in a way typical American folksongs. Al­ though they mainly depict the life, emotions, longings, and passions of the South, they have nevertheless the characteristics of folksongs.

His songs are in no way technically difficult, but they contain such, sweet, impressive and pleading melodies that they will live forever.

What a difference there is between “My Old Kntucky Home” and the jazz-songs of to-day! It is a deplorable fact that the jazz-music is gaining in popularity throughout the country. We try to keep as far aloof from cannibalism as possible. Why then does such a large number of people relish jazz, which originated among the cannibals of the Fiji and South Sea Islands? The words of the jazz-songs are babyish, absurd, and meaningless. Evidently we, as civilized people, substituted words for the grunts of the cannibals.

These jazz-songs flare up and die in a very short time, while tt e songs of Foster live on, for they have real intrinsic musical value.

Now some might say that Foster’s songs cannot be compared to the German, Italian, or Russian folksongs. That may be tme, for the United States has not the tradition of those countries. It may not be long before some other American composer will give us more real American folksongs, since music is making such re­ markable progress in our country.

一19—

THE BLACK AND RED Published Monthly by the Students of the Noithwo»lcrn ColleSe,

EDITORIAL STAFF EDWIN A, JASTER, »2I WM. P. HOLZHAUSBN, 92l Associate Editor

EDITOR-IN-CHIEF

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92l

DEPARTMENT EDITORS EX CHANGES ATHLETICS COLLEGE NOTES LOCALS CAMPUS AND CLASSROOM

DUDLEY H. RHODA, 922 JOHN E. HERRMANNU VENUS H. WINTER, 922 NORMAN B. GARTZKE K GUSTAV O. KRAUSE,，2:

Contributions to \h e UurAryr Dcparimcnt are requested from AlUmnr ana unrf«fgraduates. Afl literary enaHe? should be addroMcd to th eEd Uor*in-Chicf and nil business communications to the Business Manager, ions arc f Dollar per «nnum9 payable In advance* SincU copies* The ttemuof subscriptions StAoiosaotacLccDtcdia MTment* NotilT us U tou vrUh your addreu chAns^ed or tout paper dlacontinucdAdverthing rates furnishicd upon application* arded to subscribers until order for its dUcontlnuancc !i received or the «ub n» Black wdK«d l«!orw----屬cribcr U more than oa« year In arrcAra* Entered at the Postofflee of Watertown, Wis«tas second-clats matter，

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Twenty-three years the Black and Red has been the organ of Northwestern College. Twenty-three years it has reflected in its columns as a mirror the ideals and the hopes of the students. Year after year it chronicled the important events of the school and endeavored, through the mention of the college functions, to recall to the alumni-readers visions of tlieir college days. It will be our purpose to continue and to stimulate their interest in our magazine and in our school by publishing articles which are entertaining not only to the students, but also to subscribers outside of the college walls. Among these articles, it is hoped to have a good spi'inkling of alumni contributions.

It is through the columns of the Black and Red that the lit­ erary ability of the students may best be judged. As Shakespeare

i says of mercy that it is twice blessed; blessing him that gives and him that takes, so also a double benefit is derived from the Black and Red. It does its utmost to furnish the readers with interest­ ing and educating material; and those students, who contribute articles advance their literary ability and become more competent to write on other subjects. Therefore any student who feels that he has something interesting to offer the Black and Red, even though he is not on the staff, should submit his manuscript and it will be cheerfully accepted. The Black and Red is the college paper and to make it that not only in name, but in deed, all the students should contribute to it. That should be the spirit, and that spirit will carry the standard of the magazine farther and farther on the road of perfection.

With this issue the Black and Red enters on its twenty-fourth year. Uncertain, the members of the staff pause to meditate if they may pursue an even course, and at the end of the year look back with a feeling of pride and knock at the door of a new year with the satisfaction of having done their duty. Successful years have passed, may successful years follow, and may the Black and Red never cease to be the publication of Northwestern College. The whole secret of its existence is that the staff works untiringly to advance the paper, and as long as there is no slump there will be no downfall. To the staff which entrusts the publication to our hands, we extend greetings and the sincerest thanks for their untiring efforts. To all contributors, advertisers, and subscribers we ex­ tend our thanks and hope that they will help us make the Black and Red a magazine of which Northwestern College and its alumni may feel proud.

According to the custom that each member of the staff receive his Black and Red gratis for as many years as he was a member, the following receive the Black and Red gratis: •2 years William Lehmann. .3 years •Kurt Timm el-----■2 years Waldemar Heidtke .1 year Roland Kremer__ .1 year Erich Kupfer____ 1 year Otto Eckert_____ —21—

SIMPLEX MUNDITIIS, When jewelers wish to set forth their diamonds in the best light, they show them in simple black cases. As the gloom that follows close upon tlie sun, makes its golden fire seem the greater in the evening, so the contrast emphasizes the splendor and otherwise hid­ den beauties of the gems; the jewels appear in their true light be­ cause of the absence of decorative ornaments which serve but to dazzle and mislead the eye. So it is withL our language.

There is nothing that makes such, an appeal as a presentation of facts in a plain dress. Of course our style must not be stripped so bare as to jar on your senses, yet the greatest worth is the fact itself and not our manner of representing it. The modern world stands wholly for efficiency and is willing amply to reward any­ one who furthers this efficiency by getting directly to the point and hitting the nail oil the head instead of making a loud noise pound­ ing the boards. The advantage accrues, however, not to the world alone. He wlio seeks to express liis views in as compact form as possible will discard the minor points and thereby fix the important points in his mind in an orderly manner, ready to be called forth at any time. He is in this way at all times complete master of his subject and ready for any emergency.

But on the other hand, be the subject what it may, there is nothing so offensive as a flowery address bespangled with inane phraseology. Unless it be coupled with some intrinsic worth, it but defeats its purpose; and the warmest enthusiasm falls on unrespon­ sive ears, ill spent, futile. Listening to an orator of this descrip­ tion reminds us of the farmer wlio threshes his grain the second time. Ay, there are some seeds there, but are they worth the effort necessary to get them. We still know that Addison translated “Simplex Munditiis” into “Plain English,” but the world has long forgotten the hundred others whose flowery words are like the flow­ ers on their own grave; in full bloom to-day, but where are they to-morrow?

A. R. H.,，21.

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BEAUTY OF THOUGHT HAS FLED.

u: 1

As in mathematics there are but three different dimensions whereby all things are measured, so there are three limitations to education; philosophy, religion, and poetry. Philosophy embraces all attainments for the develop.mant-.of the brain and of the reason—22—

ing power; religion keeps the spark of vitality glowing, it is the driving force; but of what use is poetry, who is so stupid as to see any advantage in reading poetry? Poetry is but a waste of time, and there is never a chance to use it in daily life. To many of you who read this, these last two statements may sound ridiculous, but they are the utterances of the average man of today. We hear much of a so-called practical education which eliminates all but the most essential subjects. What a world this would be if every man, woman, or child were only educated sufficiently to fulfill his or her position and make money. We don’t all wish to be such persons, we want some enjoyment besides that which money can buy. People would degenerate into mere, cold, unfeeling machines devoid of all pleasure; and who would want to live in a world bereft of all tender feeling and regard? No one; yet we are nearing that state in giant strides. “The man that hath no music in himself, nor is not moved with concord of sweet sounds, is fit for treasons, stratagems, and spoils.”

“Poetry,” says the American, “that is but a waste of time. Give me a good novel, with an interesting and exciting plot and I’ll be satisfied.” Yes, indeed, he will be satisfied; he will be so satisfied that he will not read the book again after having read it through hastily. Probably it is as well for him that he does not, because he might notice some of the impossibilities of the plot and his opinion of the book might change, thereby causing the publisher to lose money. Deliver us from such love scenes as are pictured in some of our popular fictions! I need say no more; let anyone who doubts, read carefully from one of these scenes and judge for himself, and after having read a few pages further stop and ask if any hero could go through all those thrilling adventures in so short a time and live. But the American people buy these novels and read them with surpassing credulity.

The reader who hastily reads such a book can not honestly say that he derived any benefit from it. A shallow reader develops a shallow mind, and the shallow-mindedness of the people is the down­ fall of a nation. The American who can see no beauty in Long­ fellow^ Evangeline is to be pitied. Perhaps he does not know wherein the beauty lies; perhaps he lias not been shown, and by read­ ing the poem as lie does the newspapers he surely will get nothing out of it. But if he reads it slowly, pays attention to the vowelsounds which echo the sense, notices the perfect rhythm and smooth flow of language, sees the clear and beautiful descriptions, and above all peruses the plot whinlirnns through the lines,—he will have to

^ LIBRARY

admit that the pleasure derived from this one poem is more lasting than that derived from all fiction.

In classical times the poems of Homer, the Ilaid and tlie Odys­ sey, were marvels of beauty, and they still are. The sound of the language is wonderful and rich, but to those who do not know the Greek these poems will afford as much enjoyment if they read the translations. Those classical authors also had ideas, and they cer­ tainly knew how to describe, an acquirement which now seems to be lost. Ask almost any man to describe some natural phenomenon which lie sees every day and judge if he has vividly pictured it to you. Must we say, “The days of poetry are gone.” Has the beauty of thought vanished, and is there only the unexpressive language of prose to take its place? It seems so. The world has ceased to bring forth poets, but were we so fortunate as to have the greatest one in all history, he would starve in a garret. Beauty, thou hast lost thy charm, thou art to man, but folly.

I

一During the Easter recess the following professors, representa­ tives of our sister colleges, met for a conference in the dormitory of Northwestern College: Prof. Aug. Pieper, ’76, Theol. Seminary, Wauwatosa; Dir. O. J. Hoenecke, ’90, Prof. Adolph Sauer, ’06, Prof.

W. Wente, ’11，of Saginaw, Mich.; Dir. John Meyer, '93, Prof. E. Bliefernicht, ’03，Prof. M. Wagner, ’08, Prof. R. M. Albrecht (Nor­ mal), Prof. A. Klatt, of New LJlm, Minn. 一Malcolm Whyte, ’10，of Watertown, has safely returned from Russia and is finishing the last term of a law course at the Wis­ consin University, Madison.

—A. Daebenroth, ’04, M. A. Harvard University, is about to take liis Ph. D. degree at Columbia University. 一Prof. G. Westerhaus entertained C. F. Lemke, ’97, now of Eau Claire, Wis., on April 6. ex. '09, is in the Immigration Service at Pierre, —Ad .H. Pankow, I S. Dakota.

—A boy was born to Prof. E. Berg, ’10，of Saginaw, Mich. The stork also paid the Rev. Walter Schumann, ’12, of N. Fond du Lac, a visit and left a little girl.

—Friends of the Rev. E. Kirst, ’09, will undoubtedly be pleased to hear that he has returned from the hospital, apparently recovered from his long illness. 一Prof. Theo. Binhammer, ’17, was called to his home at Sebewaing, Mich., on March 20, on account of the death of his sister.

—C. F. Fuelling, ’16, is at present an instructor of English at Luther Institute, Chicago. 一Prof. J. H. Ott attended a meeting of the Wisconsin Inter-Col­ legiate Athletic Association held in Milwaukee, April 10. 一The Rev. M. Sauer, ’92, of Brillion, visited his son Waldemar, —26—

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，21，on March 23. “Lefty’s” uncle, the Rev. Tim Sauer, *83, of Appleton, was also a welcome visitor that day. ―The Rev. E. Dornfeld,，97, of Marshall, was a visitor at North­ western, April 6-7. His second son, Adalbert, is now a member of our student-body as a result of the visit.

—The Rev. P. J. Bergmann,，09, Fond du Lac, has received a call to the Zion’s church at Green Lake. 一We have received the sad report that Mr. Wm. Schlueter, of Watertown, son of Mr. John Schlueter and former student at North­ western, died at Green Bay from injuries received in a railroad acci­ dent. He is survived by a widow (Agnes Hoyer, ex-’05) and three small children.

—The Rev. Paul Froehlke,，12, St. Charles, Minn., lias accepted a call to a parish at Winona, Minn., vacated by the Rev. Ed. Ivolander, s15.

—Adalbert Westendorf, *16, of the Theol. Seminary at Wauwa­ tosa, visited the tutors while oil a business trip in Watertown, Apr. 9.

—On March 23, the Rev. G. Stern, of Columbus, paid a visit to liis son Max, ’20.

—Prof. E. Kowalke, E. Wendland and C. Bolle, as a delegation representing the factuly of Northwestern College, attended the fun­ eral services of Prof. H. Meyer, of the Theol. Seminary, held in Mil­ waukee, April 9.

—Irwin W. |Gamm, ’16, formerly of Watertown, has completed a course in forestry and was graduated at the University of Washing­ ton, Seattle, Wash., at the close of the winter term. He received the degree of bachelor of science in forestry.

Notes The political pot is boiling also in Watertown, and great speak­ ers are visiting our city. On the evening of March 15 a large La Follette rally was held in the Turner opera house, where James Thompson, the La Follette leader, delivered one of the best political speeches ever heard in Watertown. Mr. Thompson won his audience at once by deploring the treatment rendered the masses and by eulogizing our Wisconsin senator’s daring stand during the war.

Then he vigorously attacked the trusts and profiteers (or the ‘‘Kai­ sers of America,” as he called them) and even the federal judges —26—

of this country and concluded the principal part of his address by scoffing at the League of Nations. Turner Opera House was packed to its capacity. The applause, which frequently interrupted the speaker, whose words were short but very expressive, was hearty and vigorous, especially when La Follette’s name was mentioned.

On the following Monday evening a throng of people again filled the hall, hoping to hear some of the opposite points of Mr. Thompson’s address. The speaker was the leader of the unin­ structed delegates for the convention at Chicago, namely the gov­ ernor of Wisconsin. Yet Gov. Philipp devoted most of the evening ill talking about the flourishing conditions of state affairs at Madi­ son and of our state institutions; and not until the end of his ad­ dress did he mention anything concerning La Follette. Then he expressed his belief that the La Follette candidates for the conven­ tion were “unfortunately” instructed by the senator himself, and that their platform would, therefore not be “fair.” He declared that his men would vote for the right man at the convention; who that would be, he said, is yet unknown.

On both occasions a large number of students from the college helped fill the galleries, all very eager to gain information on the different political platforms.

It was March 18th, shortly after G A. M” that a very excited person came running down the first floor hall. Who could it have been? No one but the monitor of room 4, Ed “Moses” Jaster. Thieves had entered his room during the night and had stolen almost one hundred dollars worth of his property. This was the first time for a long while that our dormitory was visited by thieves from the outside. They very likely gained entrance through the fire-escape window at the southern end of the building, at least they struck Jaster’s room first. Not content, however, with the booty drawn from that place, they crossed the hall and searched room after room until they came to room 7. Here something must have disturbed them, for they went no further. Yet their prize was a heavy loss to the boys, especially to those in room 4. A new overcoat and suit of clothes, several sweaters, four valuable watches, and two new saxophones of the band were some of the more important articles that were taken. And much to the distress of poor Moses, the in­ truders extracted his spectacles from some secluded spot in his drawer, while his Hebrew book, which he deliberately left on the middle of liis desk the evening before, remained untouched. An at—27—

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tempt has been made by the Watertown police department to ap­ prehend the malefactors, but as yet no clue lias been found.

• • # • On tlie twenty-fifth of March the members of the newly organ­ ized Phi Epsilon literary society held their first banquet. Automo­ biles waiting on College avenue conveyed the party to Shuberfs restaurant, where the banquet formally began at 7:45 P. M. Mr. Jaster, the cliairman and one of the leading persons in organizing this society, acted as toastmaster. Seven courses were served, all of which tlie hungry guests bravely mastered. After the final tiessert the toastmaster gave a short talk on the society concerning its future, whereupon toasts were rendered by the individual members of the society. Then to the present members, but especially to the departing members of the Senior class, the whole company sang “Lebe Hochs” which shook tlie walls of the building. Bacchus him­ self could not be present at this feast, but one of his close friends SO filled the hearts of the banqueters, that all were in the best of spirits and humor. Just before breaking up, tlie society re-elected Mr. Jaster as chairman and Mr. Hillmer as secretary and treasurer for the following year, since all business of the society for this year is now suspended. The evening was enjoyed by all, and the time passed very quickly, in fact so quickly that, when the honorable banqueters returned to tlie building, they found that tlie time of tlieir absence by far exceeded the limits of tlieir permission.

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On the last Friday evening in March tlie Glee Club of Beloit College visited Watertown on its annual tour through the state.

The college club consisting of thirty-two members came liere with plenty of “pep” and rendered an admirably selected program under the direction of Prof. Raymond Allyn Smith, whose directing gave snap and polish to the chorus work. Although the harmony and enunciation in the singing could have been slightly improved upon at times, the performance otherwise was very good.

• * # « On the evening of tlie Phi Epsilon banquet the weary ones absorbedly studying in the dormitory were at times slightly disturbed by the sound of merriment from another group, in one of the col­ lege buildings. The coeds of this institution had felt that the spirit of comaraderie ought also to be fostered among themselves, and for that reason they were gathered there that night, each having brought along a plentiful supply of eatables. The scene of this ban­ quet was the large elevated platform, in the commercial room of the —28—

recitation hall, whither the active co-eds had, up four flights of stairs, transported table and chairs from the girls’ room, all in the absence of a single light—a remarkable feat indeed—.Nevertheless labor only stimulates the appetite, and 7:30 found the whole com­ pany seated according to seniority about a bountifully spread table, where places had been laid for thirty-four. After the eating the banqueters informally spent the rest of the evening listening to good piano music (on the organ), singing songs, and telling stories, while mirth and happiness reigned supreme. The group disbanded at an appropriate hour with the impression of another very good time on their minds.

In response to the urgent call sent out by the war sufferers in Germany and Austria for immediate help in food and money, the Watertown relief corps on April 8, gave a coffee and cake social.

As early as four o’clock in the afternoon the people were seen flock­ ing to St. Mark’s school, which was the scene of the festival, and the sale of tickets continued until late in the evening. A cup of hot coffee, a sandwich and a piece of cake constituted a luncheon, for which a price of twenty-five cents was charged. In the even­ ing Dr. Ernst, president of tlie relief committee, gave a short talt on the activity in Watertown for the support of the suffering anc hungering people in Germany. He said that this city alone had given over $10,000 worth of goods to this sacred cause. Then sev­ eral reports from the German Red Cross were read. These reports were sent to this country to let our people know that their alms are being received over there and are being properly distributed.

The college orchestra afforded the musical entertainment for the evening and simply charmed the crowd from beginning to end.

The boys played so well that a great musician of Watertown and friend for many years of the college musical organizations remarked, that this orchestra is the best the N. W. C. could ever boast of. The string trio also made a big hit by rendering several difficult musical selections.

The evening certainly was ideal for such an occasion, and never before was St. Mark*s school so crowded. The women of the relief society, who did the serving, were kept so busy that they at first thought they had undertaken too much, but all difficulties were overcome and the throngs of people were accommodated in god or­ der. And thanks to the generosity of several merchants who sup­ plied the coffee, and to the women who furnished the cake, a neat purse of over 400 dollars was cleared, without even mentioning the -—29—

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I— large quantities of canned milk, soap, coffee, rice, cocoa and many other articles which the liberal people had brought with them. #

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Our annual concert will be given in the college auditorium May 14th. The organizations, about which enough has been writ­ ten in the previous number of tlie Black and Red, are now working very hard under their directors to be in the pink of condition by the time the concert it to be held in order to make this year’s pro­ gram better even than tlie successful one rendered last year, During the entire school year they were not hampered from regular re­ hearsals by influenza bans as in the foregoing year; nor have they been handicapped by a loss of many able musicians through gradu­ ation, as usually is the case. On the contrary, the number of com­ petent members has increased beyond all records of our musical or­ ganizations. We may, therefore, await a musical cntertaiimient not only as good as last year’s but one of the finest ever “staged” in our gymnasium by the students of Northwestern. Be sure not to forget the date; it is May 14th.

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BASEBALL!!

After having seen a closely contested basketball season, our eyes turn with an eager and expectant look toward the coming base­ ball season. The cold weather has delayed our baseball enthusiasts from connecting with the ill-behaving spheres, and everyone U ready for the annual clean-up day, on which the diamond will be pvr丨 into shape for our warriors-to-be. Thirty candidates answered the call sent out by Capt. Tinimel on March 8, and appeared in. the gym­ nasium on the following day for practice. We lost several of our best men in Falk, Tacke, Schumacher, Brandt and Meier; they had been to some extent the pillars of our strength. The loss, however, can perhaps be counterbalanced by our new twirlers, Hinnenthal and Nowack. Schaefer, Nieman and Voecks, also newcomers, will try to fill the gaps left by the departed veterans. Remember that this year as never before, the chances to work into, some position or other will be comparatively easy, if you all go out with the spirit to work and win. Now let’s get down to business and have a sea­ son that will go down in the annals of our Alma Mater as a sample of what a team actually can accomplish when everybody concerned tries his best.

The line-up for this year cannot be ascertained as yet, but it wouldn’t be hard to draw up a probable one. Henning, our catcher, will keep his place behind the bat, if he works harder than lie ever did before, because Krenke and Schaefer are trying to nose him out of the race. The departure of Schumacher makes room for several candidates to try out their bewitching and evil curves on the mound.

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Hinnenthal and Nowack will be the possible pitchers, although Bolle, Stueber and Winter may surprise them by their unruly twisters, which, last year had sent many a down-hearted opponent to the bench. Ever since Pat bade us good-bye, the first base has been an open position; Nowack, Kuckhahn and Pankow seem to be ogling at it somewhat. Keep it up and make the competition a hot one!

Our Capt. Timmel will undoubtedly hold down the second bag as securely and honorably as he did last year. It surely is a good thing that size and weight don’t count; Nieman is trying to beat out our pigmy Bousie at short. The third base is open to a competent man .too. Press and Gentz may become its suitors, for they seem to like that part of the infield. In the outfield Press, however, may cling to his last year’s position at center, and Gentz to right field, but in the left field there’s a gap, which lias been caused by I lie absence of Meier. Groth, Winter and Herrmann are out catching flies every night, plainly going to show their intentions are to become holders of this part of the outfield. What we need now is a lot of practice, we’ve got the pep. What our team needs most, are actually three essential things, namely: practice, practice, practice. Let’s work as a unit and win the pennant!

The game witli the University of Wisconsin on April 7, was can­ celled, because the weather kept our men Iu^Sde. instead of givinc; them the necessary in- and outfield practice. There will bo no gome with the university this season.

Mr. Kremer, our manager, has up to date scheduled the follow­ ing games: Beloit at Watertown, April 24.

Beloit at Beloit, May 1.

Whitewater Normal at Watertown, May 8.

Lutheran Seminary at Watertown, May 15.

Milton at Watertown, May 19.

Whitewater Normal at Whitewater, May 22.

Watertown City at Watertown, May 31.

Milton at Milton, June 1.

Milwaukee Normal at Milwaukee, June 5.

It is doubtful whether we shall play Ripon or Concordia, since they have as yet not. decided upon a baseball season this year. Mr. Kremer is trying his best to get a game with the School of Elec­ trical Engineering at Milwaukee.

Mr. Buenger, assistant manager, has scheduled a game with Wayland Academy for May 26. By that time the second team will be in full shape to receive the visitors on the home grounds.

—32—

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“College Chips” has its place among our best exchanges. After one has studied its contents carefully, he cannot but conclude that its editor has had the hearty co-operation of every man of his staff and has with no little effort achieved his end, success.

The “Chips” Literary Department, is first class. In the article, “Black and White versus Black or White,M the writer brings out the vital importance of a solution of the negro question. He shows, how, after “our fathers brought forth on this continent a new nation conceived in liberty and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal,” the negro was forgotten, despised, sold into slavery, treated contrary “to the proposition that all men are created equal;” how these circumstances grew worse instead of better, and how at last they brought about, although indirectly, the bloody Civil War. Clearly he shows us that the negro of to-day is likewise de­ spised and treated contrary to the proposition of equality of men, and that the opposition of White toward Black may become so great as to bring about the downfall and ruin of our fair country, unless each and every American give the negro question earnest thought and then do all in his power to better the situation. The article is written in a very vivid style and in good plain English. In speaking of the World War, however, we no longer care to see such phrases as The Dreamer,” the second article, is “the fight for democracy, in no way inferior to the first. The author succeeded very well in making us feel it our duty, should one of our contemporaries dis­ cover some invention or theory heretofore unknown, not to dis­ parage or despise him but encourage and help him, thus furthering the scientific interest; he brings out his point clearly by the use of specific, widely known examples which go to show that the dream of the so-called dreamer often becomes reality, e. g. the discovery of the new world by Columbus, whom most people of his age con­ sidered a lunatic. The varied sentence-structure throughout the article is deserving of praise: likewise the smooth-flowing style, and the nice choice of words. The last part of the Literary Department contains a short story, “The Romantic Mr. Boost,” written by a sophomore. Whereas it would be unfair to place this story in the same class with the two foregoing articles, it is not at all of poor —33—

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quality. The plot is simple and not over-interesting; the make-up is fairly good. The style, however, is rather flowery and several times the writer makes use of circumlocution, e. g. he writes，speak­ ing of a grapevine: “tliis rope-like material,” while he might as well have written: the vine. The repeated occurrence of such words and phrases as, “sort of”，“our liero’’，and “due to” detract greatly from our interest. We are convinced that the author will, with a little more practice, produce work second to none found in our ex­ changes.

• “Historicals，” a column not found in many college journals on our exchange-table, contains an essay on “The Hartford Convention.” Although the topic is well carried out，the essay becomes slightly dry, probably because of the compiler’s liberal use of extract from papers and histories. We gained through reading it., however, an insight into a subject of which most of us before were ignorant.

We found in each of your three editorials a. good sound thought, well developed. In the first editorial the Editor of “Cliips” glances back over his regime and, as he once more in memory passes through his work and worry, admits that this would have been utterly imposible had he not had the help of God. The only admonition lie has to offer the new editors of “Chips” it to adhere to the motto of their “beloved Luther College:” Soli Deo Gloria! In the second ed­ itorial the pressing necessity of keeping our church-schools and col­ leges is strikingly brought out. We know that the Christian is t.ho best citizen; therefore it is the duty of every patriot to advocate the only Christian school, the church-school. In the last, we feel com­ pelled to agree with the writer that we as Christian young men owe our love and respect, first to God, the Giver of all things, then to our parents, who have worked hard, and have often denied tliemselveg pleasures, only that we might be educated at a Christian in­ stitution. By way of criticism we suggest that you head your ed­ itorials.

The remaining columns are in the hands of competent men.

“Exchanges’: is especially interesting. We are glad to see that the exchange-editor disagrees with most of our high-school exchanges in dropping or subordinating the “Exchange” column. In “Locals” we were much, displeased at finding the announcement of a death among the humorous sketches. We take it that this item was mis­ placed.

In conclusion we repeat that the editors of “Chips” have suc­ ceeded very well in their task. We hope the new staff will keep the standard attained.

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一March 5, “Happy” Froehlich, ’22, went to Milwaukee on a busi­ ness trip.

—Wilbert Frank, Harry Grunwald, and Alex Hein, Preps., went home during the last two weeks before Easter vacation, after partly recovering from mumps, to recuperate completely.

—The greater number of the students enjoyed Easter vacation at home. There were some, however, who could not go home be­ cause the distance was too great for the short period of vacation.

They visited friends in the city or in other towns, and amused them­ selves as best they could in the dormitory.

—Miss Lucy Schwefel of Kenosha paid M. and G. Buenger a visit a few weeks before Easter vacation. 一Bill Haase looked worried and downcast, March 10 and 11.

Somebody said his girl was in Milwaukee during that time.

—On the evening of March 13 the senior class rendered its class • play in the smoking-club room. Messrs. Kupfer and Heidtke wrote up the play. Some members of the class rendered solos. The play was a humorous one and pleased the audience very much. It ex­ hibited the talent of the class as a whole. ―March 13, Alvin Gruber and Roland Hillemann, Pre^s., went to Oconomowoc and spent a Saturday and Sunday at Dr. Voje’s., an uncle of Hillemann’s. They had a good time of which “clmcldng” was the big constituent.

—St. Patrick’s day “Vadder” ’21 delivered an eloquent speech in the co-eds’ rooms. This speech won the hearts of most of the girls, —35—

j and what was of greater importance to him just then—a good order for pictures of his class basket-ball team.

—“Cowpuncher” is getting over his boils which prevented him from attending recitations for about a week. 一Carl Reimann, Prep., went to his home at Milwaukee on March 18, and Paul Schoenoff, Prep., left for his home at Menominee on March 5 on account of impending illness. 一The Junior class rendered its smoking-room play on the even­ ing of March 20. The main feature of the play was the drama “Do Souls Travel?” The presentation of the drama was very good. as a result of long and hard practice. The open in c： mnnber, a selfrtion by a jazz orchestra comDosed of class members, relieved Hio tense strain of the drama. The numbers between the acts servod as a good foil to the drama. The humorous monologue at the close

by I. Boettcher was very good.

—On account of an acute atack of am)endicitis, T-T. C. Thoms, Prop., was taken to the St. Mary’s hospital March 21. He lias not yet re­ sumed his studies. ―Erich Christian, Prep., went to his home at. Clyrnan for a visit Sunday, March 21, and returned in time to attend recitations the next day.

—As Monday, March 22, was a fine day. Captain Stern hod tlio military company march down town. This was the first time tlio company marched down town in the new uniforms.

—Tuesday, March 23, Art |Gentz, *22. went home to Juneau, on ac­ count of illness.

—Just after breakfast on March 24, “Happy” Froehlich saw a muskrat near a cellar window. “Hanpy” ran to his room to ?ret his while several other boys were keeping track of the muslirnt.

He soon came back with the gun, and thft second shot, from it an end to the animal. It is rumored that “Hanpy” is having a muff • made out of the hide一probably not for himself though. 一Mrs. 0. Bretzmann and the Misses Laura Hahn and Sophia Harmaning visited Bretzmann brothers March 24. .~~Since Easter vacation we notice that “Butch” Meier,，21，is not with us. He accepted a position as parochial school teacher for the congregation of Rev. Mr. Gladosch of Morrison, Wis. The teacher who had been there left, and the position was offered to Mr. Meier.

He intends to stay until another teacher can be secured.

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(Sl^£b Nut版 Mildred Kletzin visited school with her sister Hazel, March 6.

Ruth Staude, Elfrieda Schauer and Hazel Laskey journeyed to Jefferson, March 13 and 14, to visit their old friend Ella Bienfang.

Martha Wetzel and Dorothy Punzel spent March 13 and 14 at tlie latter’s home in Jefferson.

Charlotte Dahms has enrolled as a commercial student.

Edna Detert and Edna Maas have fully recovered from their operations and have resumed their studies.

Ruth Block, Maybelle Laskey, Margaret Zier, and Norma Con­ rad, all of this city, have enrolled as commercial students.

m Witty remarks of wisdom’s children: —Romulus obtained the first citizens of Rome by opening a luna­ tic asylum.

—Achilles was dipped in the river Styx to make him normal.

—Sounds quite normal, doesn’t it? But here’s a better one: Taft was not elected in 1912 because the Republican party separated him. * # # * 一Cares: Wer fehlt heute?

Alex: Der Verstand. 一She: Do you like tea?

He: Yes, but I like the next letter better. 一Pearl: Say, |George, how do you get down from an elephant?

George: You’ve got me. Jump down, I suppose.

Pearl: Why, no, its very simple! You don’t get down from an elephant; you get down from geese.

—Prof.: Zu welchem Stande werden Sie im spateren Leben gelioren? Zum Lehrstand, Nahrstand, Oder Wehrstand?

Gentz: Zum Ehestand.

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―Henry: Patience and perseverance will accomplish, all things.

It will even help you carry water in a sieve.

Frank: Tell me how!

Henry: Simply by waiting patiently until the water freezes.

—Voecks (to Tears in Banking): Do you put the cents down when there aren’t any?

Unser Knoll leidet an Temporitis. 一Prof.: How is tlie word “lever” used?

Busie (awakening from his usual nap): I liate to leave her. 一Prof.: Warum nennt Adelheid den Franzen einen Unverschamten?

Kucky i Weil-------------Bud: Weil er ilir um den Hals fallt.

Kucky: Das liab, ich nicht geselien. ―Prof, (in Physics): What did we speak of in the last recitation?

Schuetze: Of tlie diabolical (diatonic) scale.

—Wanted in Room 3. Something louder than noise.

—Jerry: Why don’t you have elocution this year?

Bingo II.: What is elocution? Is that when you drill with dumb-bells?

—Judge: Is it true that you have not spoken to your wife for over three months?

Prisoner: Yes, your honor.

Judge: And your reasons briefly?

Prisoner: I did not want to interrupt her.

—One bright morning Theobald sent the reflection of an 8x10 mir­ ror into Prof. Henkel’s room. The next period he got stuck at a few Greek vocables. He seems to know more about reflection than about inflection.

Moral: Es is besser das Griecliisch.e zu studieren, als von Jupi­ ter zu telephonieren.

—Prof.: Wo haben Sie denn das her?

Stud.: Das ist frei iibersetzt.

Prof.: Sie haben auch docli wohl nicht erwartet, dass man Ihnen noch fiir den Unsinn bezahlen sollte!

—Verlangt auf Probe! Ein Gotterpolster fur unsern Kuckhahn!

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The Black and Red

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VOLUME XXIV NO. 2

1

MAY 1920

Northwestern College Watertown, Wisconsin

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TABLE OF CONTENTS LITERARY Arizona________________ Die Rose_______________ The Night Before the Dawn Pflcgt Die Gemeindcschule ..

EDITORIALS Barring Classical Music From the American Stage________________ Heligoland______________________ The Inter-Church World Movement-.

COLLEGE NOTES. ALUMNI.................

ATHLETICS......... .

EXCHANGES.........

LOCALS.................

CO-ED NOTES.......

JOKES....................

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39 45 48 49 56 56 57

G9 G3 G6 70 73

75 77 78

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THE BLACK AND RED

Volume XXIV.

Watertown, Wis., May 1920.

Number 2

ARIZONA. (Continued.)

In (he last num1)er of the “Black and Red” wc succeeded in getting the whole party safely to Slumberland on their first even­ ing at Grand Canyon. It is reliably reported that the great chasm had made such an overpowering impression on certain members of the party that their loved ones had a task in keeping them abed for the night. The “Bolshevik” cannot vouch for this, since he believes most emphatically in short hours of work and long hours of sleep; at any rate the night is made for sleep and not for sight­ seeing, else why doesn’t the sun shine twenty-four hours a day?

Whether the rest of the party had indeed got up so early as to meet themselves going to bed, we are unable to state: suffice it to say that when the “Bolshevik” opened his eyes next morning some time after the sun had begun his daily 丨Grand Canyon inspection trip, he found that the whole “outfit was done gone” to see if the Canyon y/as still all there. There is room to suspect that the excuse of want­ ing to see the effects of the sunrise on the Canyon was but a pre­ text for getting out of preparing breakfast. The writer is able to make affidavit that the sunrise does not alter the Canyon in the least, for he stood on its brink the next morning and could see no noticeable change, save that lie managed thereby to escape the task of making breakfast.

“East Fork Jim” was left behind to assist the aforementioned gentleman out of his blankets and endeavor to find some “chow” for the sight-seers. Pancakes were decided upon as the proper fare and were prepared according to Mrs. Rosin’s recipe, a recipe that ranks with famous “Aunt Jemima’s”. Before tlie frying could be finished, the party returned filled with tales of the wonderful sights they had seen, but otherwise empty, a fact to which they attested by their attack on the breakfast. The luckiest, or perhaps better, the shrewdest in the party was the Rev. Sieck of El Paso, for he contracted with the cooks to do away with all the pancakes that missed the pan when the cooks flopped them over. Although Mr. Sieck might run Goliath a close second as regards appetite, if not in stature, it is a matter of record tliat he received his fill and more; still he found it unnecessary to remove the “e” from his name, The cooks were not nearly so fortunate: they got their fill of the appe­ tizing odor—and one pancake each. It is all very well to console oneself with the trutli, “Unclank ist der Welt Lolm”，but when the region behind the belt measures 80% a vacuum (and Dr. Ott says, “Nature abhores a vacuum,”）it is more profitable to have five or six or more pancakes stowed away below the diaphragm, than the odor of many thousands above it.

Conference sessions took up the morning. A very lively discus­ sion took place on the subject of Sunday School. The afternoon was spent feasting the eye oil the wonders of the Canyon. It is not stretching the point in the least to say that every few yards of want­ ing along the rim of tlie Canyon one sees things from a new angle and quite often the change is startling. A riot of color, a thousand thousand different rock formations: it bespeaks the hand of the Master Painter and chisel of the Sculptor Who is without peer. That evening was heard on the rim of the Canyon the grand old German hymn, the hymn that has yet to find its equal in content and melody, also the German folk-song; neither was the best the English world of song has to offer forgotten. These were sung by the whole party with a heart moved by the soft summer moon and the thought that this was to be the last night tlie whole party was to be together, for the morrow was to bring the beginning of the return trip home and with it the farewell to the Missouri brethren.

Lest the reader surmise that Grand Canyon is Arizona, it may be best to leave that spot now.—The morning of the 19th of June we broke camp for the return trip by way of Williams, Prescott, Phoenix, and Roosevelt Dam. We made Williams late in the even­ ing and made camp. Williams is a neat little sawmill and railroad town lying at the foot of Bill Williams Mountain, which rises 9264 —40—

feet above sea level. To remain truthful it is necessary to record at this juncture that, owing to the hard travelling and short hours of sleep, the major part of the company had given over to an ill-humor.

Indeed, it was but to be expected, for even in Arizona people are still carrying about with them that parasite scoundrel yclept “Old Adam”. Only two of the ladies kept their equilibrium throughout the whole trip and they were—(deleted by the censor for the bene­ fit of the “Bolshevik”，for the latter, being a bachelor, might some day have to suffer starvation because of not mentioning every one of the ladies. It is a case of retaining tlie friendship of the un­ righteous mammon.)

However, a nighfs rest seemed to brighten up the spirits of all and we went on our way rejoicing toward Ash Fork and Prescott.

The distance between Williams and Ash Fork is twenty miles west and 1500 feet down. The latter distance is often the most import­ ant one to be considered in the West, for a few feet up or clown are often more difficult of negotiation than many miles on the level.

Einstein’s theory of gravitation has not as yet reached Arizona, so Fords in this part of the country are still performing according to the ancient and accepted rites laid down by Isaac Newton; hence it will be readily understood, that the time consumed in going from Williams to Ash Fork was none too long for the short cars. Ash Pork deserves mention for two things: the hotel and the water sup­ ply. The hotel is half the town and was built in conjunction with its railroad station by the Santa Fe. It covers a whole block. Its water supply is brought in from Del Rio, thirty-four miles away, by means of a pipeless aqueduct; in other words, it comes in on wheels. To put it plainly, the Santa Pe hauls the water in in tank cars to supply the town and also its engines.

After leaving Ash Fork we cut down through the plateau by means of a long winding canyon out into the great Chino Valley, than which there are few greater in all Arizona. Here are found some of the most prosperous cattle ranches in the Southwest. Crossing the valley we made a gradual ascent into Prescott, a queen of the pine forest, for we are again in the timber belt. Prescott is one of the older cities of the state, about the size of Watertown.

It is also a very picturesque town and has an even more picturesque history to relate.

The next day brought us to Phoenix in the Salt River Valley.

When we started out from Prescott in the cool of the morning, it must be remembered that we were still a mile above sea level and that insures a comfortable summer climate. But during the day we dropped 4000 feet into the desert: in a different picture, we went —41—

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from a Wisconsin summer day into the Sahara in the short space of a few hours. We came through the mining towns of Humboldt and Mayer, (hen down off the mountains by way of the Black Can­ yon Road. The heat became greater fevery hundred feet down. At length we halted on the banks of the Agua Fria for lunch. The thermometer registered just 110 degrees. Driving through the blis­ tering heat of the desert for the forty miles to Salt River Valley was not a pleasant joy ride and we were all glad when, we finally reached the Valley, where the irrigation waters gratefully cooled the hot wind.

Phoenix and the Salt River Valley are extremely interesting, not only because the Rev. Frey makes them his home, blit, particu­ larly because they owe their existence to irrigation, in this instance, Roosevelt Dam. Phoenix is a distinctly Eastern city in Western surroundings. Tuscon shows both its age and its proximity to the Mexican border in its Spanish, architecture, its narrow and crooked streets, and its large Mexican population; but Phoenix shows none of these influences in any marked degree. The city is very substan­ tially built and lias a brisk, business-like air about it; while Tuc­ son has a trifle of the atmosphere of the Mexican “siesta” about it.

(The Bolshevik stands a good show of being deported to Mexico or Russia the next time lie comes to Tucson for writing the above, There is a passionate rivalry between the two cities on every score.)

It might be well for the Editor to offer our resident pastors in Tuc­ son and Phoenix an opportunity to present the case for each city.

We are sure it would make interesting reading.

Volumes might be written on the wonderful Salt River Valley, its marvelous variety of crops and products, its delightful winter climate, its sceneries, and the like more. Just to mention a few things there is grown the finest long-fiber cotton in the world: mel­ ons of all kinds, fruit and oranges leave the Valley by the refrige­ rator trainload; alfalfa crops are cut six and more times a year.

There is scarcely a product of any kind, tropical, sub-tropical, or of the temperate zone that will not thrive in the Salt River Valley.一 To “cool off” the enthusiasm for the Salt River Valley somewhat and arouse a desire to go on with the trip, let it be casually men­ tioned that several days while we rested in Phoenix the temperature soared idly above the 115 degree mark; wliat the barometer regis­ tered wouldn’t have interested even Dr. Ott. Not many days thereafter the remnant of the party left Phoenix for Roosevelt Dam and Lake. The Tucson and Phoenix cars drop­ ped out here, i. e. at Phoenix. Now came the famous mountain drive —42—

娜:Belt j along the Apache Trail, so-called because it closely follows the trial the warlike Apaches used in their raids upon the Pimas and the Papagoes. For the most part the road follows the canyon of the Salt River, sometimes along the river itself, then along the rim of the canyon. As one of our company remarked, the Apache Trail al­ most equaled Grand Canyon in point of scenery. Truly hair-rais­ ing is the descent into Fish Creek Canyon, into whose depths the road descends along a perpendicular rock wall a thousand feet high.

Horrible the tliouglit. of meeting the fate of the man who went over the side of the cliff in liis car, when he lost control of his wheel.

The twisted wreckage once a car is still to be seen at the bottom of the canyon.

We are now approaching the Dam. The road leads along the very edge of the rushing Salt. The walls of the Salt River Canyon tower far above us. At every turn of the road we expect to get our first glimpse of the niiglity structure bearing the name of our whilom President. 235 feet high! Wlmt a towering height that will be: higher by many feet than the Falls of Niagara! Behold! a turn in the road around a jutting cliff and the Dam is in sight—and we are somewhat disappointed in its size. We had expected an overwhelm­ ing enormity in size and now the almost-thousand foot cliffs dwarf the Dam. At first glance it seems no larger than the Kilbourn Darn on the Wisconsin. Only after the eye begins to measure the grant scale of both the surroundings of the Dam and the Dam itself doe; a sense of its enormous proportions sink in. Especially when ont looks down from the top of the Dam, where the opportunity to meas­ ure by the cliff’s height is robbed the eye, does the great height of the Dam stand out. The large powerhouses below look like models of the real thing. One hundred and tliirty-five feet below the top of the great barrier a mighty hole has been blasted into the cl iffside and through this hole pour the waters of the impounded Salt to flow away and transform the desert into a garden. One cannot realize that out of that hole comes a river of water the capacity of the Rock River as it flows past Watertown. Again it is the enor­ mous scale on which everything is drawn that deceives the eye.

The same may also be said of Roosevelt Lake. The waters are caught by the Dam and spread out over the lower part of the Tonto Basin. All the lower reaches of the Tonto River and the Salt are covered by the Lake. But the Lake does not seem a whit larger than Devil’s Lake near Baraboo. This too is only to be understood All by taking the scale of the surroundings into consideration, around the Lake rise the mountains. Chief of these are the Sierra Anchas. They measure between 5000 and G000 feet. The Apaches —43—

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to the east reacli almost 7000. All around the body of water are mountains nearing the mile above sea level mark. So it is that one is astonished to learn that the Lake is thirty miles long, when one would judge it to be ten at the outside.

We spent two days at the Lake. It was indeed fine to cool off every so often in the water. The water most certainly was fine.

Many is tlie time we have been privileged to swim in the good old Rock River at Watertown in all kinds of weather and water, but never did the Rock River offer water of tlie delightful temperature Roosevelt Lake liad those days. Well might temperatures of 105 and the like make the water highly inviting, for we must remember that we are still only 2224 feet above sea level and that insures an overkindly sun about July 1st.

Just south of Roosevelt Lake a mile or so are to be seen huge cliff-dwellings, perhaps the largest in Arizona. A picture of them is often shown in geographies and the like, and Mr. Harders l!as also insterted it in his “Jaalalm”. We did not take the time to in­ spect them. After a person has been in this state for any longer period of time, he grows somewhat callous to such things, where an Easterner would enjoy nothing better than to be privileged to visit such a ruin. Tlie water held greater attractions for us. The night before we left Roosevelt Lake, we took a ride in a launch around it. It was a beautiful calm evening, the sun just setting beyond Four Peaks. To judge from description given of the See of Galilee, one might well have imagined himself on that celebrated lake.

The following day, the 29th of June, we set out on the wind-up of our trip. The Apaclie Trail leads over the mountains to GlobeMiarni. It is an excellent highway these last forty miles and no time need be lost in covering them. A few words will not be amiss | about these famous mining towns. The towns lie seven miles apart, but tlie intercourse between them is so frequent and of such a char­ acter as to make them practically one. Both camps boast of up­ wards of 10,000 inhabitants of all descriptions, and some of no de­ scription at all. At Globe we have the Old Dominion Mine and Smelter. These are tlie main ones, although by no means are all the mining concerns located there. At Miami one finds the Miami and Inspiration Copper Mines, also the International Smelter, one of i the largest, if not actually the largest, copper smelter in tlie world.

-j All of these companies mentioned are listed on the stock exchange and quotations on their stocks may be found in the financial sec­ tions of any newspaper in the country. It is estimated that Inspi­ ration alone has upwards of $73,000,000 worth of copper ore in siglit.

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In the case of both Globe and Miami the business section of the city is located in the canyon of a dry wash. When it rains up in the Pinal Mountains a few miles to the south, these washes become creeks and often raging torrents. Once every so often they become floods. One must have experienced such a flood to learn the mean­ ings of the words “torrent” and “flood”. Boulders weighing tons boom their way down the creek bed as though they were but pebbles.

Quite frequently the vanguard of the flood is a wall of water several feet high. Woe be unto anything in its path!—But what we wanted to say: the business section of the towns being thus located in the main canyon, the residences are crowded far up the side-canyons or are spilled out over the hills between the canyons, as is the case with our (Globe Mission. The effect is quite picturesque. (Not the Mission! That is nothing less than a disgrace to Synod. Only the grace of God is preventing the chapel building from collapsing in a heap and I fear we may some morning awake to find that even He has grown tired of the burden.)

But. even Globe, although 3,000 feet high, is somewhat warm in the good old summer-time, so we hie us back to the mountains, the White Mountains, than which there is no more cool nor pleasant spot in all the world when the hot months of the year roll around.

If any one in Wisconsin, or Minnesota, or neighboring states, wishes to spend his vacation in a paradise of nature, let him leave the hot North and come to cool but sunny Arizona.

Many words have been made by the “Bolshevik” to try to con­ vey to Eastern Conservatives a picture of Arizona. He knows it has been of little value in giving a correct impression, for Arizona must be seen to be appreciated. Hence, the final result of all this flow of language about Arizona, the Wonderland, might best be summed up in the favorite phrase of disapproval the Apache employes: ‘‘Wliat’s T. 0. I. S. a matter; lots a talk”.

DIE ROSE. G. Krause, ’22.

Es war im Juni 1S99, als Karl Weber eines Abends von seinen Freunden friiher wie iiblich Abschied nahm. Sclion seit Wochen hatte ihn etwas beschaftigt, doch seine Gefahrten liatten keine Ahnung, was sich in seinem Herzen zutrug. Langsam und bedachtig ging Karl nach I-Iause. Seine Eltern hatten sich schon zur Ruhe begeben, aber er wollte noch die khiile Abendluft geniessen und —45—

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setzte sicli deshalb in einen Lelinstuhl vor dem Hause. Acli, wie lieblich laclielte doch der Monel lieute Abend! Seine silbernen Strahlen schienen Karl ins Herz zu fallen. Wie still war alles; wie andachtig! Karl war ganz allein; doch in seinem Inneren tauchteii allerlei Bilder auf; manclimal laclielte er; manclimal liess er das Haupt sinken. Er dachte zuriick an vergangene Tage.

Vor etwa dreizelin Monaten hatte sicli Karl nocli auf Cuba befunden. Zu der Zeit waren aller Augen auf den Krieg zwischen den Vereinigten Staaten und Spanien gerichtet. Sobald als Karl von der Kriegserklarung Kunde erliielt, liess er sicli fiir die Armee anwerben. Mit General Schafters Armee landete er auf Cuba; zusammen mit den Wilden Reitern gewann er die Iiolien von San Juan. Selbst in jener verzweifelten Schlacht bei El Caney konnte niclits die Kiilinlieit dieser Junglings im Zaune halteu.

Am 12. August 1898 liissten die Spaniel，die weisse Flagge. Die 、amerikanisclien Heere trafen aucli bald darauf Massregeln, die Ausschiffung des Heeres zu beschleunigen. Aber—Karl war krank.

Schon tagelang hatte er sicli nicht reclit wohl geluhlt; aber class ihn das Gelbe Fieber gepackt hatte, davon ahnte er wenig. Seine Kameraden sahen, wie er sich von alien fern hielt. Er selbst daclite Wie nur an die Rukkehr, an die Heimat, an Vater und Mutter, krank er war, wie nahe dem Tode, ahnte er- nicht.

Aber das Fieber hatte, wenn aucli selu，langsam, docli zuletzt die Ausdauer mid den starken Willen besiegt. Am 20. August wurde Karl ins Hospital gebracht, und nun begann sein Kampf mit clem Tode selbst. Von Tag zu Tag nahmen seine Kriifte ab. Hunderte vor ihm hatte man schon auf der Bahre liinausgetragen, Hunderte vor ihm hatte das Fieber besiegt. Der Kampf schien vergeblich, verloren wenn nicht Hilfe von oben kam.

Am 28. August hatte das Fieber seinen Iiohepunkt erreiclit.

Karl raste; er durchlebte seinen ganzen Aufentlialt auf Cuba nocli einmal; er stiirmte, gab Befelile, sclioss liier einen, stacli dort einen nieder; man konnte ilin kaum halten. Olinmaclitig, vollig ermattet lag er nun auf dem Lager; seine Augen schlossen sicli, und—Karl ar eiingeschlafen. Jetzt war die Hilfe von oben gekommen. Das Fieber liess nach, doch seine Wirkung konnte keiner verkennen.

Statt des heldenhaften, starken Junglings, dessen Arm bei El Caney manclier Spanier gefiihlt hatte, statt eines Mannes in der Jugendblute lag ein Gerippe auf dem weissen Lager. Neben der blelchen Gestalt lagen etliche Rosen.

Tage eilten dahin, Wochen verflossen. Schon war der 20. Oktober herbeigekommen, und der Arzt hatte den Auftrag gegeben, wenn moglich, Karl auf einem Schnelldampfer am 24. d. Monats —46—

1 nach Amerika zu schicken. Gehen konnte er fast noch garnicht; docli man befurchtete einen Riichfall, denn das Fieber hatte in der Qmgegend unter den Einwohnern sehr um sich gegriffen; deshalb liielt mail es fur ratsam, alle Patienten, wo moglich, nach den Vereinigten Staaten zu seiulen. Wie lieb, wie teuer war ihm der |Gedanke, wieder seine Heimat sehen zu diirfen, seine lieben El tern und Gescliwister! Und dennoch, wie schwer wurde es ihm, Cuba zu verlassen.

Wolil mehr als irgendwelche Arznei Oder irgendein Menscli fiir ihn getan hatte, hatten fur ilm die Rosen Cubas getan. Wie behaglich hatte er sich docli gefiihlt, wie wohl war ihm zu Mute, wenn sie ihm Rosen braclite,—seine Rose. Sie hatte ilm gepflegt und auf seine Genesung gehofft. Stimdenlang hatte sie ihm oft gefachelt, um sein heisses 1-Iaupt zu kiihlen. Auch fur sie war der 24. Oktober gekommen; auch ilir wurde das Scheiden schwer. Hatte sie docli im Stillen eine liebevolle Zuneigung gegen ilm geliegt; hatte sie ihn doch gepflegt und auf seine Genesung gehofft. Und nun? Der Ubermorgen geht Karl nacli Havana.

Arzt. hatte ilir mitgeteilt: Er soil nach llause.”

Scheiden tut well, selir well! Karl liess seine Rose zu sich rufen, denn er wusste nicht, ob er sfo nochmals sehen wurde. Auch ihm war das Scheiden scliwer. Jetzt sollte er sie verlassen, sie, die ihn gepflegt, die docli so treu ihm gedient und auf seine Genesung gewartet hatte.

Es war sieben Ulir. Die Sonne war eben hinter den Bergen verschwunden, alles war still. Kein Liiftclien regte sicli. In der Feme—Karl stutzte sich—in der Feme horte er leichte Tritte. Wie langsam, wie doch gar so langsam naherten sie sich. Leise fiel die Tiir ins Schloss; claim war alles wieder still. Er meinte, er liabe getrilumt, und legte sich deshalb zur Rulie. Aber morgen sollte er ja abreisen! Endlicli—er stiitzte sicli wiederum—liinter ilim waren Rosen. Er vernahm den lieblichen Duft, vernalim die zarten Hande, die sanft ihm die Wangen streichelten; er liielt sie fest und wollte sie nicht lassen; sie waren sein.

Wie veriindert wie getrost sail er aus, als man ihn am nachsten Morgen aufs Schiff trug. Kurz vor der Abfahrt kam Rose aufs Schiff, um noch einmal von ihrem Geliebten Abschied zu nehmen.

Fest iiberzeugt, dass er im folgenden Juni in New York auf sie warten wiirde, verliess sie das Schiff. Noch lange sah sie zur See hinaus, bis allmahlich das Schiff vor iliren Augen verschwand.

Es war wieder Juni; schon wieder bluliten die Rosen. In einem Lehnstuhl vom hellen Monde angelachelt sass ein Jtingling. Es —47—

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war Karl. Schon lange hatte er dort gesessen in Gedanken vertieft.

Jetzt steht er auf und geht leise ins Hause. Am folgenden Morgen reist er nach. New York, um auf das Schiff zu warten, das dort fallig ist. Er kommt in einen grossen Wartesaal hinein und erkundigt sich beim Scliilfsagenten, ob dass Schiff aucli bald ankommen wird.

Nur noch zehn Minuten! Walirend er so nach seiner Uhr schaut, vernimiiit er, wie jemand ihn am Rocksarmel zupft. Er dreht sich um und—^es ist seine Rose. Sie war schon Tags zuvor angelangt und hatte ihn uberraschen wollen. Arm in Arm verlassen sie den Saal. Alles tanzt vor Karls Augen; denn sein und sein alles ist nun Rose.

THE NIGHT BEFORE THE DAWN, Victor Reim, ’21.

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It is getting dark. The sun of a by-gone age is setting. Night is casting its ominous shadows on the stage where the play of Life goes on. The hideousness of the sudden onrush of the nocturnal waves of stygian blackness is heightened by the dull, rumbling, thun­ der which spasmodically breaks the awful monotony of the purling and lapping of the waves. The world, draped in its mantle of black, is this night to be ripped and disintegrated and tattered and torn by the wild, unmerciful eternal strife of two diametrically opposed prin­ ciples. Theories of government which trace their, inception to even the unrecorded periods of the history of the universe are being as­ sailed again and are threatened with destruction by comparatively new ideas which too are accompanied with many and varied dan­ gers. We, who are far away as mere spectators to an awful spec­ tacle, cast apprehensive glances over to the arena whence issue the wild shrieks of these two combatants, the clashing and clang of the steel striking upon steel and the dull, reverberant, echoing thud of falling bodies clothed in steel.

We are the spectators at this drama of blood, as yet confined in its scope of popularity to the European stage. We, blessed with the privilege of attending a college, full well realize tlie significance of that combat. We know that the masses about to be blessed—or is it, about to be cursed―by the sudden removal of feudal obli­ gations, by the removal of the last foul remnant of a nefarious, per­ verse system of organized, governmental slavery, will need guidance.

We know that they will need a helping hand extended by those al­ ready initiated into the mystic folds of democracy.

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Democracy is a principle founded on a rock of ages and on the axioms carved in its eroded yet eternal surface; a principle justi­ fied by the hardly audible yet most pitifully appealing and bitterly imploring voices of those crushed in by-gone aeons under the ac­ cursed, iron-shod heel of the gladiator autocracy and one-man-dictotarship, who dies this night in the international arena.

Yet ideal though this principle is, it becomes blasphemy and a curse in application when carried to extremes. I point but to Russia, torn, bleeding, haggard, stumbling, ready to fall by the wayside, thus becoming a prey lo the wolves of the night. On the other hand I point to Great Britain. British history since th6 year 1215 is the gradual evolution of a form of government which today is the most thoroughly democratic in the world, if not in theory at least in practice. England is more infested with the germs of Bol­ shevism than Russia, but there an intellectual aristocracy curbs overardent reformers.

Our generation will see the culmination of a political movement which is gaining momentum in this country daily. We as college men and women have a mission peculiar, yet earnest and grave in­ deed. Our responsibility entails successful engineering of the vast problem of adjustment. It is our specific and concrete duty to stay the momentum of the pendulum of the grievances of the masses be­ fore we get to the edge of that abyss which has swallowed Russia, Germany and Austria-liungary. So today it is our duty as collegebred men and women to study political conditions so as to be ready to accept the gauntlet of warfare that time may throw at our feet.

We must assimilate and disseminate. But in so doing, let us not sit complacently upon the throne of yesterday and the dark ages.

Let us accept in a spirit of fairness new social and political hypo­ theses and study them. Let us not cling to the old with the strange hold of desperation. Let us ease the coming of the new by prepar­ ing our communities. Let us steal the thunder of the radicals by incorporating in our individual platforms their sound, hardwood planks.

PFLEGT DIE GEMEINDESCHULE !

Edwin Jaster, ’21.

Es ist ein kostlich Ding, sicli auf das Predigtamt vorzubereiten und es gibt keinen anderen Beruf, der diesem gleich kommt. Aber es gibt einen Beruf, der diesem sehr nahe kommt, und das ist das —49—

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Schulamt. Luther sagt, “Wenn ich vom Predigtamte und andern Saclien ablassen konnte Oder miisste, so wollte ich kein Amt lieber und beste ist.” Die Schule muss den Kindern die notigen Kenntden selbst Schulen erhalten sollten, in welchen die Kinder sowohl in weltlichen Facliern unterwiesen als auch christlich erzogen werliaben, denn Schulmeister Oder Knabenlehrer sein. Denn ich weiss, dass dies Werk nach dem Predigtamte das allerniitzlichste, grosste nisse beibringen, und vor allem sollte das Kind in der Schule Christlicli erzogen werden. Luther wirkte darauf hin, dass die Gemeinden konnten. Durch Predigten und Schriften-wirkte er auf die Her­ zen ein. Freilich gelang es ihm nicht gleich, iiberall das Schulwesen recht einzurichten, doch war seine Arbeit nicht umsonst. Allmahlich setzten sicli seine Gedanken durcli. Welch ein lierrlicher Plan, fiir das geistliche und leibliche Wohl der Kinder durcli Unterricht und Erziehung zu sorgen! Alle Kinder, nicht nur in den Stadten, sondern auch auf dem Lande, sollten jetzt eine Gelegenheit haben, etwas zu lernen, und das war ein grosser Portschritt gegen die fruheren Zustande.

Bald waren in fast alien Gemeinden Schulen fur die Kinder, wo sie in der Religion, im Schreiben, Lesen, Reclinen, u. s. w., unterriclitet wurden. Aber es fehlte, namentlich im Anfang, an Lehrern, an tiichtigen Leuten, die das Kinderherz leiten und fuhren konnten. Solclie musste man zuerst lieranbilden. Die Kinde r mus sen ordentlich angehalten werden zu lernen, und die Lelirer mnussen selbst fahig sein, wenn sie die Kinder zu guten Blirgern nmclien wollen. In den Schulen wurde darauf geachtet, welche Schuler besonders begabt waren, und diese wurden daun in die hoheren Scliulen geschickt, damit sie Prediger des Wortes Oder Lehrer wurden.

Mit Einwilligung der Eltern wurden diese Knaben dann weiter unterrichtet. In dieser Weise wurden viele tuchtige junge Manner fur die Ausbreitung des Reiches Gottes gewonnen, die sonst wohl schwerlich auf den Gedanken gekommenl waren Pastor Oder Lelirer zu werden. So sorgte die evangelische Scliule daflir, dass Pastoren und Lehrer ausgebildet wurden; und auch heute nocli kommen die meisten Studenten der Theologie aus den Gemeindeschulen.

Der Herr Christus spricht: „Lasset die Kindlein zu mir kommen und wehret ihnen nicht.” Wo anders konnen sie heute am leichtesten zu Ihm kommen als in Gemeindeschulen, wo Er I neben ihnen steht? „Wehret den Kinderni nicht.” Das ist gottli cher Befehl, und dem sollen wir gehorchen. pib den Kindern alle Gelegen­ heit, das Wort Gottes zu lernen, und sorge fur die Erhaltung der Gemeindeschulen! Der Dank der Kinder kommt auf die Pordcrer der Schulen, der Segen Gottes fallt reichlich auf sie.

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Als die Pilger liach America kamen，war gewohnlicli mit das Erste der Bau einer Kirche, unci sobald als moglich wurden clie Kin­ der in die Schule geschickt. Meistens musste der Pastor clie Kin­ der in der Kirche unterrichten: und es war schwer, sie zu unterweisen, denn es gab wenig Bucher, und (lie Eltern der Kinder konnten diese wegen der Arbeit auch nicht allzu lange entbehren. Aber es 1st lobenswert, class die Eltern so lange als moglich die Kinder in der Schule liessen und selbst ihre schwere Arbeit taten. Welch ein grosses Opfer haben sie doch gebracht! Der Vater arbeitete von friih Morgens bis spat Abends, fallte Baume und bestellte das Land flir den Ackerbau. Mlkle ging er spilt zu Bett, friih stand er auf, aber nie fiel ihm der Gedanke ein, sein Kind aus der Schule fern zu halten. Die Mutter strickte, spann und nahte, damit die Kinder etwas Ordentliches anzuziehen hatten, und am Abend half sie ihnen mit ihren Aufgaben, und dachte nicht daran, 'vie viel das Madchen ihr in der Kiiche helfen konnte. Als unsere deutsclien Vorfahren in dieses neue Land ein wanderten, bauten sie sofort eine Kirche und bald darauf ein Schulliaus. Lasset uns ilirem Beispeil folgen und iiberall Gemeindeschulen aufbauen und erhalten! Wenn wir auf die Grosse ihrcr Opfer sehen, miissen wir uns schamen wegen des Geringen, das wir tun. Warum sollten wir nicht reichlich fiir die Gemeindeschulen geben ? Dann sind wir doch gewiss, dass fiir das geistliche Wohl der Kinder gesorgt wircl. Hier lernen sie den Weg, der zur Seligkeit fiihrt. Hier lernen sie fleiszig in clie Kirche gehen und versiiumen deshalb auch spater das Kirchengehen nicht. Es ist aber gerade jetzt die hochste Zeit, dass wir fiir die Gemeinde­ schulen etwas Ordentliches tun.

Seht die halbwiichsige Jugend an! Man hort etwa Kinder, die noch kaum deutlich reden konnen, die greulichsten Fliiche a.ussprechen. Mit Leichtsinu fangen sie oft ihr Leben an, mit Leichtsinn sterben sie. Die Schuld liegt allerdings nicht allein bei den Kindern. Das Kind ist heute von tausend Versuchungen umgeben.

Da sind die vielen Weltmenschen, die es locken; da sind schlechte Wandelbilder, die es verfiihren; da sind manclierlei Biiclier, die voll von Atheismus sind; da ist sein eigenes Herz, das in ihm bose Gedanken erregt. Aus eigener Kraft ist keiner im Stande, diesen Ver­ suchungen zu widerstehen. Er ist wie in einem Sumpf, wo der Schlamm ihm bis zum Munde reicht, und jeden Augenblick sinkt er tiefer hinein und geht verloren. Denkt euch einen Mann, der mit einem langen Strick in der Hand am Ufer steht, und zusieht, wie dieser umkommt, ohne ihn zu retten. So sinkt mancher junge Mann und manches junge Madclien in den Sumpf der Weltliiste. Sie widerstreben anfangs, aber verlieren schliesslich den Mut und wer—51—

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den hinein gezogen in das Verderben. Wir stehen oft dabei und konnten die Rettung wenigstens versuclien, aber wir denken, dass es uns zu viel kosten, zu viel Miihe maclien wird, ihnen zu Hilfe zu kommen. Wir niiissen aber das Rettungsseil auswerfen, dam it sie es greifen und wir sie aus dem Verderben ziehen. Gemeindeschulen mussen erhalten werden, damit unsere Jugend lernt, den Anfechtungen im Kampfe dieses Lebens zu widerstehen, und damit sie beherzige, welcli eine herrliche Verlieissung dem gegeben ist, cler da widersteht fest im Glauben. Taglich wird die Welt sclilcchter, taglich wird die Jugend melir verdorben, darum soil uns um so mehr die Frage ernstlich bewegen, wie die Kinder auf den Kampf des Lebens recht vorbereitet werden sollen. In den Gemeindescliulen wire! ihnen gesagt, und durch das Wort die Kraft gegeben, wie sie widerstehen konnen, imd zur Zeit der Anfeclitung behalten sie den Mut und siegen. Unser Land leidet Mangel an solclien Schulen, und darum mussen wir mehr bauen und mehr Lehrer ausbilden. Und wenn nur dieser eine Nutzen vorhanden ware, dass die Kinder durch Unterricht in dem gottlichen Wort auf die enge Strasse, die zur Seligkeit ftihrt, geleitet werden, dann ware dieses schon reiclilich Grund, dass wir unsere Gaben mit frohlichen Herzen auf den Altar legen.

Aber es ist noch anderer Nutzen dabei. Die Lehrer sin cl christliche Manner Oder Frauen, die mit einem guten Beispiel voran gehen.

Die Kinder lernen auch die Muttersprache, die deutsche, neben der englischen, und sie bekommen eine weitere Ausbildung. Es gibt. deutsche and englische Lesebiicher, und das Kind lernt sowolil die deutsche als auch die englische Literature kennen und wurdigen.

Die Kinder fiihlen sich mehr zu Hause, wenn sie unter ihren Glaubensgenossen sind, denn ihre Ansicliten stimmen liaufiger iiberein.

Sie kommen auch nicht so fruh in Beruhrung mit der Welt.

Aber trotz all dieses Nutzens werden leider die Genieindescliulen oft vernachlassigt und keine neuen gebaut. Ein sehr grosser Pehler, den die Leute oft maclien, ist der, dass sie den Lehrern zu wenig Lohn geben. Sie konnen nicht verlangen, dass ein Lehrer mit achthundert Talern das Jahr bei den jetzigen Preisen auskommen kann. Und wenn er auch mit der grossten Sparsamkeit gerade noch so eben lebt, so kann man nicht erwarten, dass er unter solchen Umstanden sein Amt mit Freuden fiilirt. Er kann niclit hungrig in die Schule gehen und seine beste Arbeit tun. Er kann nicht seine ganze Kraft auf die Erziehung wenden, wenn er von Sorgen um das tagliche Brot geplagt wird. Dazu hat er noch seine liebe Not mit manchen unordentlictLen und tragen Kindern, und deswegen kann man kaum erwarten, dass ein junger Mann sich einer so miihevollen, schlechtbezahlten Arbeit widmet, da ihn viele andere ange一52—

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nehmere Stellen locken. Wenn nun eine Gemeinde von hundert Gliedern ihrem Lehrer, zum Beispiel, tausend Taler bezahlte und ihm ein Haus einrichtete, wiirde es den einzelnen nicht mehr als funfzehn Taler das Jahn kosten. Denkt daran, der Vater braucht nur funfzehn Taler das Jahr bezahlen, damit sein Kind das Wort Gottes lernt, welches es durch die Welt in die Seligkeit fiihren wird!

Und wenn nur ein Kind gerettet wiirde, so ware das Geld nicht umsonst gegeben, denn die Seele eines einzigen Kindes ist mehr 'vert denn alles Gold und Silber.

In vielen Gemeindeschulen ist. nur ein Lchrer Oder eine Lehrerin, wo vielleicht funfzig Oder mehr Kinder zu imterrichten sind.

(Ganz besonders ist das den Kindern scliadlich. donn es ist nicht geniigend Zeit vorhanden, sie in alien Fachern orclentlich zu unterrichten. In der Gemeindeschule sollten acht Klasscn sein, und eine jede Klasse sollte vier Stunden des Tages TJnterricht. haben. Das b<?tragt im Ganzen zwei und dreissig Stunden zu dreissig Minuten, oder sechzehn voile Stunden des Tages, in welclien der Lehrer die Kin­ der imterrichten sollte. Die Schule clauert aber nur fiinf und ein halb Stunden; deslialb muss der Lehrer, entweder die Zeit flir die ein­ zelnen Klassen verkiirzen, oder er muss zwei Klassen zusammer, legen. Klar ist es, dass auf diese Weise die Kinder nicht so sclinell vorankommen. In der Jugend muss man lernen, und es muss die notige Zeit flir den Unterricht da sein. Auch flir den Lehrer ist eine solche Einrichtung nicht sehr angenehm, denn er muss von neim TJhr morgens bis vier Uhr abends bestandig auf den Fiissen sein und viel sprechen. Das nimmt seine Krafte sehr mit, und infolge dessen wird er oft krank, nervos und leidet wahrend seines ganzen Lebens. Wonn nun eine Gemeinde zu arm ist und dem Lehrer zu viele Kinder anvertraut sind, ware der Pastor wohl gerne bereit, ein paar Stunden wahrend des Tages zu imterrichten und zu helfcn, bis die Gemeinde im Stande ist., noch einen Lehrer zu berufen. Aber in den meisten Gemeinden ist dieses nicht der Fall, und wenn fiir jede zwanzig bis dreizig Kinder ein Lelirer berufen wiirrle, wiirrle gewiss der Wert der Gemeindeschulen bedeutend steigen, imrl si4> werden die besten Mittel sein, unsere Jugend sicher durch die Versuchungen und Kampfe dieses Lebens zu fiihren.

Viele Eltern schicken ihre Kinder aus Mangel an Einsicht nicht in die Gemeindeschulen, aber man kann es ihnen oft.mals niclit allzu t)bel nehmen. Sie mussen auf den Nutzen der Gemeindeschulen aufmerksam gemacht werden und einsehen, dass, wenn sie ihren Teil dazu beitragen, die Gemeindeschule von hoherem Wert sein wird als die Staatsschulen. Denn in den Staatsschulen kann man —53— —

nicht Religion lehren wegen des verschiedenen Bekenntnisses der Kinder.

Die Gemeindeschulen haben in den 'letzten Jahren in uuserem Lande einen scliweren Kampf begonnen, unci jedes Jahr wire! dieser Kampf mit schwankendem (Gliick gefiihrt.. Es wird jetzt im ganzen Lande der Hass der Leute gegen alles Deutsche und die dentsche Sprache gerichtet, und es ist die Absicht, womoglich (las Deutsche auszurotten. Mogen wir den Sieg gegen diese Feindschaft gewinnen; moge die Freiheit bleiben, deutsch zu predigen und in cleutschcr Sprache zu unterrichten! Klangvoll und rcich ist die deutsche Sprache, wunderschon klingt in ihr das Vater Unser, und der ist zu bedauern, der niclit Wohlgefallen hat an seiner Muttcrspi^aclie. Die alten Griechen nannten einen jeden, der nicht ein Grieclio war, einen Barbaren. und waren stolz auf ihre Sprache. Aber, ob^leich seino Eltern die deutsche Sprache pflegten, liiilt der junge Amerik«n.ncr die englische Sprache fur seine eigene, weil er sie meistens im TTivjgaiife gebraucht; und was das anbetrifft, kann er auch das Evangelium in englisclier Sprache horen. Dies ist vielfach die Gesinnung bci den Eltern und bei den Kindern, aber wir sollten dieser Strommig nacli Kraften widerstehen. Wir verlieren sonst die deutsche Bibel, unser herrliches Kirchenlied und viele grosse Schiitze der Erbaimngsliterature.

Es konnte aber der Pall eintreten, dass wir entweder das Deut­ sche aufgeben mussten Oder darauf verzichten, das Evangelium violen zu bringen, die kein Deutsch verstehen. In solchem Fall niiissten wir einen Verlust tragen, um nicht beides zu verlieren. Kin Mann fahrt mit seinem Kraftwagen durch die Strasse, und ein Kind lauft ihm in den Weg. Er hat nicht Zeit anzuhalten, er muss entweder das Kind uberfahren Oder sicli schnell zur Rechlen wenden und gegen einen Kaufladen rennen. Der Mann wiililt das T^etztere; durch diesen Verlust wurde ein grosserer Verlust vermieden. Kine Heihe vbn diclit gedrangten Hausern brennt, und die Feuorwehr kann den Brand nicht hindern: deshalb raumt. sie mit Pulver zwei von den Hausern weg, damit das Peuer nicht uber diese Strecke an die nachsten Hauser kommen kann, und so wird es dann gelosclit. Wiederum wurde durch einen kleineren Verlust ein grosserer verliindert. Wenn die Kinder nicht mehr Deutsch lernen wollen und wenn die Eltern es nicht m.ehr fordern und die Kinder in die englisclie Schule schicken ohne cliristlichen Unterricht, dann miissen wir natiirlich lieber den Verlust der Sprache als den Verlust der Seelen der Kinder ertragen. Wenn sie das Evangelium in der deutschen Sprache nicht verstehen, dann geben wir es ilinen in der englischen« Das Evangelium ist in irgend einer Sprache verstandlich, und wie —54—

die Apostel zu den Leuten in ihrer eigenen Sprache redeten, so sollen wir auch, wo es den Leuten leichter wiire, das Evangelium in englischer Sprache clarlegen. So wollen wir voraus sehen und uns bereiten, dam it wir niclit alles verlieren. Wo der Pastor sieht, dass er niehr bei der Jugend mit der englischen Sprache ausrichten kann, da soil er eine englische Gemcindescliule einrichten. Die Kinder, die den Katechismus im Englischen lernen. sind auch gute Kinder und werdcn aucli gute Gemeindeglieder. Die Schule ist der Grund, auf dem sich die Gemeinde und die gauze Kirche aufbaut.

Es liegt also an den Gemeindegliedern, ob sie gute Schulen haben und die Kirche wachsen sehen wollen. Ihre Unterstiitzung ist notwendig; die Schule springt niclit aus eigen er Kraft empor. Selbst wenn ein iGemeinclegHed zwanzig oder dreiszig Taler das Jahr beisteuern musste, ware das fur (lie meisten nicht unerschwinglich.

Ehe wir an die Grosse der Sum men denken, lasset uns uns auf die Grosso des Segens besinnen unci gedenken des Befehls unsers Herrn Jesus Christus: „Lasset die Kindlein zu mir kommen und wehret ihnen niclit”. Die alten Jtulon muss ten den Zehnten von allem der Kirche geben; die friiheren Christen haben grosse Opfer bringen miissen, damit sie fiir uns sorgten. Lasset uns auch fiir die Nachwelt sorgen und die Kirche durch christliche Erziehung der Jugend crhalten. Der reiche Mann, der niclit weiss, wem er sein Geld geben soli, lut gewiss niclits tables, wenn er eine Schule Oder mehr baut.

Die iGemeindeschuleu waren notwendig, sind notwendig, und werden notwendig bleiben. Der Nutzen ist jetzt schon bedeutend; 'vie wird er sein, wenn die vorgenannten Fehler ausgerottet werden? Die Gemeindeschulen sincl die GruncUage der Kirche bei der t/ugend, und durch den AuCbau und Ausbau der Gemeindeschulen wird die Kirche zunehmen.

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THE BLACK AND RED Published Monthly by the Students of the Northwootern College.

EDITORIAL STAFF BDWIN A JASTER. '1\ WM.P.HOLZHAUSEN. »2\ Aisociatc Editor

溫vR.

EDITOR-IN-CHIEF

BUSINESS MANAGERS

HILLMER, BOLLE, n\

BUSINESS MANAGER ADVERTISING MANAGER

DEPARTMENT EDITORS EXCHANGES ATHLETICS COLLEGE NOTES LOCALS CAMPUS AND CLASSROOM

DUDLEY H.ROHDAf 922 JOHN E. HERRMANN f2X VENUS H. WINTER, 922 NORMAN E. GARTZKE 923 GUSTAV CX KRAUSE, ^22

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Statxvoa not accented In oavmcent. Notify* us if voxs wish your address chanpxd or your oaocr di«continu«d.

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Entered at the Postoffice o! Vatcrtownf Wh”asi second-class matter*

I '

^bxtmmy :!

BARRING CLASSICAL MUSIC FKOM THE AMERICAN STAGE. Music lovers, protest! Let the cry of disapproval issue from a million throats and force the theatre managers to listen. If the national sport were prohibited in our country, who could withstand the clamoring protest of the base-ball fans? Are we tamely submit­ ting to the trend of the times and allowing the classical music to be barred from the concert programs? Are we going to allow the theatre managers to pander to the taste of the uneducated by ex­ cluding music from the programs which was composed by a German master? The greatest musical productions, those of Beethoven, Mozart, Mendelssohn, and Schumann are no longer played. .Ger­ man violinists and musical directors are outcasts. The ostensible —56—

reason is that the Germans are barbarians and cannot understand music, but the real reason is that the mass of the people cannot ap­ preciate good music. They do not listen to the thrilling and stir­ ring strains with pleasure, they listen to the nerve-shattering notes of rag-time or of jazz music. The music of the German composers was considered the best in Europe for three centuries, and no con­ cert was given without at least one German composition on the pro­ gram. Now within the last three years this music, which once was pronounced the best, is not considered fit for the ears of the people.

Were only theatre directors thus affected, the matter could be speedily settled, but it seems that the whole nation is under some foreign influence. Were the world’s greatest musician to appear on the stage and play the classical music which has thrilled the hearts of former listeners, he would play to empty seats, while the theatre across the street, showing the antics of some “movie” actor, would be overcrowded.

If there were some good substitute for classical music, we might abide by the decision of the multitude, but there isn’t. The public can listen to the discordant strains of rag-time and enjoy it, but it flees with horror from the sweet and melodious. The orchestra of today must play as many wrong notes as possible, and the greater the discord, the greater the applause. Why doesn’t some American genius bring an animal orchestra on the stage? The tin can tied to the tail of a clog would be an excellent piano accompaniment to the night cry of a cat, imitating a clarinet, to the crowing of a roos­ ter, a perfect cornet, to the bleating of a sheep, a living trombone, to the barking of dogs and grunting of pigs, an animated drumcorps. The public would be enraptured, the newspapers would de­ vote the first page to a description of this new music, and it would be the standard of the future.

Classical music? O, we are above that old lethargic state; we have advanced. Yes, it is something like advancing, riding back­ —J. wards on a mule and not seeing the chasm in the way.

HELIGOLAND. When we read the terms of the armistice in 1918, we read that one of the points on which England especially insisted, was the complete dismantling of the fortifications on Heligoland. Heligo­ land is nothing but a small island in the North Sea, situated thirty miles off the coast of Schleswig-Holstein. It is no more than a mile —57—

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in length and about one-third of a mile in. width. The island con­ sists of a solid mass of sandstone with perpendicular cliffs, the sur­ face being a flat table-land two thousand feet above the level of the sea.

When England committed that monumental blunder in 1890 and ceded Heligoland, which she had held since the Napoleonic wars, to Germany, she far underestimated its strategic value; she had no idea that this lonely piece of rock would in a few short years be a chief base of the most destructive naval operations that ever threat­ ened to bring about not only tlie ruin of of the entire British merchant marine, but the downfall of the Union Jack itself. For no sooner had Germany taken possession than the military lords of that growing nation voted vast sums of money to “improving” this island, and immediate armament of Heligoland began. From 1890 to 1918 tlie “improving” continued with an expense that was enor­ mous, and when the European war broke out, Heligoland was one of the two strongest fortresses on the earth，second only to Gibral­ tar. The situation of the island could not have been more favor­ able to Germany. In connection with the fortifications on the main­ land the fortress not only covered all approaches to the Elbe and to the Kiel Canal, but also formed an impregnable defense for the Ger­ man high seas fleet and an excellent base for the submarines and destroyers.

Now what were tlie returns for so much labor and for so enor­ mous an expenditure? Of what services were the fortifications dur­ ing the war? Pour long years tliose howitzers on Heligoland, the most efficient of German guns, looked eagerly into the North Sea; four long years, when otlier cannons were hot from firing, these big guns stood cool and idle and waited to be put into action; and only once during the whole war, when a certain insignificant Brit.ish vessel happened to venture too close, were they turned on their pivots toward a hostile craft. The monstrous machines were really put there in vain. The vast expense was useless. The fortifications now are all being dismantled. It is estimated that the com­ plete cost of tearing apart the armament will be over ten times so great as that of construction. The process is a very slow one, and most of the heavy armor must be cut by liydro-oxygen torches to make the sections suitable for handling. All of the work is done by the Germans themselves and at their own expense. The ；German dearly paid for fortifying this island; he himself must destroy the labor of his own hands. A barren sea-girt rock, such shall be the future of one of the strongest fortresses that the world has ever seen.

V. W.,，22.

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THE INTERCHURCH WORLD MOVEMENT. In union there is strength. No one can deny the general truth of that statment, and therefore an effort to insure union is usually to increase strength. So if there is a movement going on to union­ ize several separate parts, disinterested people cannot scoff at the idea and say it will not endure. They may, however, express their opinion on the matter in another way; and that is to judge whether the union is for a good or for a bad purpose. A union for a good pur­ pose any one will and should further, because through united strength more may be accomplished; but a union for evil should be shunned by all, not only because it is bad for the world, but be­ cause such a union will not hesitate to turn against certain of its own members to gain a purpose, since its motto is to use its strength for the ruin of others.

Within the past few months a new union was organized. The Interchurch World Movement it is called, and the officials wish to unite all churches under one head, irrespective of creed, sect, and principle. If this movement is for a good purpose, let us join it and advance it; if it is not for a good purpose, let us do all in our power to hinder it. With unbiased mind let us sift the evidence contrary aiul in favor; with sound reasoning let us weigh and judge tlie material furnished.

Will there be harmony in an assemblage composed of an equal number of negroes and aristrocratic Southerners? Not very likely, for in the first place there is a mutual hatred and secondly the ne­ groes* principles are radically different from those of the whites.

Can there be union between the Lutherans and the Catholics, be­ tween the Jews and the Baptists? I-Iardly, since they cannot com­ bine with diametrically opposed doctrines. The Interchurcli World Movement, however, is said to have no platform, and tlie organizers say that this eliminates the differences between the churches. How? So much the less will any body be ready to join with any other body when they do not know for what purpose. If everyone casts his principles into a common melting pot without discrimination or preparation, no one would recognize the result as his own. Has the world ever brought forth ail organization without a platform?

But although tlie organizers deny a platform, still they profess to have one. This sounds impossible, but during the past few years it has been accomplished. “Camouflage” is the word coined to fit this state of affairs. By saying they have no platform they dis­ guise the real motive,which is to subordinate the church to the busi­ ness world, to make it a slave to money, that is must listen to the —59—

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dictates of tlie financiers who furnish the millions. It isn’t human for a man to write a four figure check and not expect any returns.

John D. Rockefeller, Jr., and the other millionaires of Wall street, where this plan was concocted, cannot make the church world be­ lieve that they are organizing the churches out of pure love to God and to their neighbor.

One reason which sounds more plausible than any of the others is that the cliurches may economize. Why must economy always start in the church? Why are people always ready to economize when it comes to religion? It seems as though they are always afraid, they may be overburdened with the Word of God. Why doesn，t Rockefeller ask the people to economize on gasoline? In what way can the churches economize? Is it by joining several churches together and having one minister? In that case, what re­ ligion is to be taught? Isn’t that trying to unite tlie doctrine, and isn’t that just contrary to the aims of the Interchurch Movement?

The Catholics consider their religion perfect, and they would expect the Lutherans to conform to their dogma; the Lutherans consider their doctrine to be the only true teaching of Christ and would never consent to change their faith for another, but would also expect, the Catholics to conform to their ideas. A compromise would be out of the question, since the religion as established in tlie Scriptures can­ not be changed at the will of the people. As an example, the doc­ trine of Transsubstantiation has been attacked since the clays of Wycliffe，and no compromise has been effected, in fact tlie idea of a compromise never suggested itself. So with any other difference —a compromise would destroy the purity of doctrine. These are only the differences between the two churches, how could a com­ promise be effected between fifty different churches?

Or should we economize in tlie religious schools? If instead of the Catholics having one college for their priests and tlie Lutherans having another and the Presbyterians another, they would all send their students to one large college; it would save coal, instructors and immense expenditures for real estate. Excellent, but what doc­ trine is to be taught? Wouldn’t the Interchurch Movement have to unify religion, and isn’t that against their principles?

The Interchurch Movement may say, “We haveT thirty different churches in our organization and we are proving the benefit.” What are they effecting? They have collected sums of money from the churches and are running full page advertisements in the leading magazines and papers. Is that economy? Up to May the expendi­ ture for ,organization purposes was only eight million dollars!

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Where is the unified church, where is the unified educational sys­ tem? The Presbyterians will use their share of the money for their schools, the Baptists for theirs, the Congregationalists also, and what is gained? The same state of affairs exists as when the churches were not united, and the only economy was the spending of money for organization purposes.

If the Interchurch Movement wishes to subordinate the church to the State, then let us beware. Church and State were introduced

by God as two separate organizations and every attempt to unionize was not only a failure, but a disaster for the church. It was be­ cause of the attempts of the kings of Judea to dictate the religion that the kingdom fell. It was through politics that the Pope lost his power, and if we mix into politics. Church and State will revert to chaos, from which the State may rise, but the Church would be shat­ tered and never regain prominence. So when the Interchurch Move­ ment attacks the Lutherans and the Catholics for not joining and calls them unpatriot ic, we fail to see the reason. On the contrary we are more patriotic, because we wish to save the State, by not mixing religion with politics, since it is the will of God that Church and State should remain seperate. He gave the Children of Israel judges and priests, and every attempt by the kings to dictate religion was disastrous. Christ distinguished between Church and State and gave us a rule to follow: Render unto Caesar the things that are Caesar's, and give unto God the things which are God’s, If we go contrary to this principle, we destroy the State and commit religiou s suicide. The Lutheran church has a prayer each Sunday for the government wherein it asks, that God may defend and protect our land, that He may give the judges and legislators wisdom to rule and to preserve peace and tranquility. This shows greater pa­ triotism than when a man stands on the street corner, shouts out his patriotism, and defames his neighbor. That man is trying to con vince himself that lie is patriotic, and wishes to show the people that, since he does no patriotic acts, he can at least use patriotic words.

Who should be the churcli’s representative here on earth, the minister or the business man? The Movement did not start from within the church, but from without, and it is not to save mankind, from sin, but to increase business. The church should be depend­ ent on the money-kings, and all it would have to do is to sign a con­ tract, and behind the screen of piety the scheming multi-millionaires will rob the people.

A point at issue is: can we as Lutherans materially work to一61— —

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gether with the other churches? We could accept a few general statements and pay our quota to the general fund. In the first place we should be paying in more than we should receive in return and that is no material gain for us. There is no possible chance for us to receive more than we paid, so why become a party in a losing business? (General statements are unstable and other general state­ ments would have to be added to keep the former secure, and soon we should be lost in a labyrinth of confusion and lose our faith.

The Bible cannot be tampered with, it is true to the jot and tittle.

How can we work in harmony with churches witli a diametrically opposed faith without compromising on the truth of tlie Bible? We should still have to maintain our own schools, our own churches, in fact we should remain as we were before, only we should be sub­ ordinated; we should be paying out more with fewer returns; we should be'placing our faith in jeopardy; we should be joining hands with, the sects and that would be an admission that we agree with their doctrine; we should help pay the salaries of the officers of the movement besides the salaries of our own men. Material gain there is none, religious gain there certainly is none.

We are told that the purpose of the Intercliurch World Move­ ment it to christianize the world. By what means? By economy in expenditures and by increased business efficiency in the church.

But the founders of the Movement forget that there is but one way to christianize an individual or a world, and that is to preacli Christ crucified, the one hope of forgiveness and salvation for us lost and condemned sinners. Ail Intercliurch Movement that would unite thirty different denominations into a body determined for once to forget politics, leagues, bolshevism, money matters and efficiency, and to preach instead the very Son of God who bore our sins for us on the cross that we might live, might stir us to enthusiasm.

But this Movement cannot enlist our support, because it encourages false doctrine and fails to recognize tlie one means of Grace by which the world can be bettered.

J一 !"

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因

一

After many months of winter under a thick cover of snow, the leaves beneath the trees of our college park were again patiently waiting to be raked up and removed. The snow had disappeared ill tlie middle of March; yet, whenever the ground was not being soaked by the heavy spring rains, the thermometer registered a temperature somewhere below zero degree centigrade, and our an­ nual arbor day had to be deferred until after Easter vacation. Even then we had to wait almost two weeks before old Sol, assisted by the wind, could finally dry the surface of the ground properly and loosen the frozen leaves. Already fourteen clays of April had passed when it was at last, to our great joy, announced in the chapel: “Tomorrow we shall have arbor day.”

Early the following morning the students briskly went to work.

The forty or more Sextaners and Quintaners, whose implement was the rake, easily finished raking and cleaning up the whole lawn be­ fore twelve. The husky Quartaners were not quite so fortunate.

Although they kept up a good race, their wagons could not haul away the leaves so fast as their younger colleagues raked them to­ gether; consequently they had to work part of the afternoon. Since the Quartaners were an exceptionally large class about one third of them were kept busy pushing the heavy rollers over the lawn.

Tertia B and Tertia A were under the charge of the baseball cap­ tain. The diamond was in a very rough condition. It was covered almost entirely with sod; but with united efforts the “freshies” soon removed all of the grass with hoes, raked and dragged the surface several times and then thoroughly rolled it, so that our infield is now again in prime shape for baseball. The Sophomores also did not spend the day in idleness or in sleeping. Working under Dr. Ott’s supervision their sharp axes brought to the ground two of tlie large trees in front of the dormitory, wliich were an obstruction to the growth of the more sightly trees in the park. A thick willow and several box elders in the back yard also met their fate at the hands of the lusty Sekundaners. The whole operations of the day were under the direction of the Junior class. They were the fore—63—

men and saw that all went well, and of course, extended a helping hand here and there, or when some of the younger boys became tired out and needed a rest. Since we had many more helpers than in previous years, and since we wish to show our respect to the Senior class, we excused them from working on this day.

It is very natural that students unaccustomed to hard physical labor would soon become hungry. Mrs. ICoeninger and her culinary assistants were well aware of this fact, and it was their thoughfulness that prepared for us a refreshing sandwich and lemonade luncheon.

College Park is again come to its own. The grass on the ex­ tensive lawns has again assumed its natural emerald. The trees have passed their budding seasons, and the shade on the grass beneatli them is becoming denser and denser. Everywhere in the flower beds of the park we see pretty flowerets just peeping out of their buds. The lilac will soon be in full bloom, und the bridal wreath drooping to the ground completely invested in a snow-white robe of blossoms. Truly the beauty of nature will soon be displayed in its utmost luxuriance, and we cannot but lift up our voices with Lo, the winter is past”一 Solomon, when he says in his songs: the spring that must follow every winter is here.

On the evening of April seventeenth the four walls of one of the rooms in the Koeninger home again witnessed a remarkable scene, namely the annual Black and Red banquet. The banqueters, who consisted of tlie members of the last and the present Black and Red staff, assembled at seven-thirty in the chapel of the dormitory and walked in a body to the banquet place, where a delicious five-course meal was served to them. One of the features of the banquet was the decorations. The colors, black and red, were prominent and were carried out as nearly as possible, also in the refreshments; the fragrance of carnations and the luxuriance of ferns added to the elegance of the room. When the company had sat at their rich repast over one and one half hour, they elected Mr. Jaster, the new editor-in-chief of the Black and Red, as toastmaster for the even­ ing. Mr. Jaster spoke on our principles and on the essentials in writing for our college paper. Since we represent a Lutheran in­ stitution lie said, the keystone of our articles ought to be true Chris­ tianity. After the toastmaster’s talk the four senior members of the previous staff pitiably gave utterance to the difficulties and troubles which they experienced as staff members, wished our new staff success and bade us farewell. The closing speeches were given —64—

1 by the remaining members of our new staff all of which pronounced their vivat to the Black and Red and intimated that our twentyfourth volume will be the subject of much diligent worlt. ,4Lebe Hoch，” followed each toast, but a special “Lebe Hoch” was sung to the hostess, Miss Koeninger, whose kind services together with those of her mother were absolutely indispensable to us, and for which we were all very thankful. The remaining part of the evening was ent in exchanging stories and smoking cigars. Late in the eveng it was, in fact the ghost hour had already passed before the com­ pany finally disbanded. It was an enjoyable evening for all of us, and those who had been present at former Black and Red banquets could not but agree that this was the best one of them all

' *

Arbor is a Latin word meaning tree. Arbor day is, therefore, really a tree clay, or a day set aside expressly for the planting of shrubs and trees. Now when we read that the preparatory students merely raked the lawn and that others did nothing but chop down trees, we should almost have to admit that we not only improperly observed this day, but that we devoted it to a purpose just opposite to tlie one for which it was designed. Such, however, is not wholly the case.

The Sophomores followed tlie example of the Germans in their forest culture: In place of every good tree felled one must be planted. They removed three, young, healthy elm trees from the lot beyond the old cemetery grounds and planted them on the north­ ern bounds of our college campus, where almost every year since 1902 some class has placed its class tree. All of these trees, some of which are swayed by the wind thirty-five feet above the ground, were set in one straight row, so that we now have a line of elm trees ex­ tending almost the entire width of the campus.

The Juniors also would not let it be said of them that they passed from this institution without leaving behind a single remem­ brance of the class of，21. With an almost perfect elm tree, which they had procured from the nursery (for one was wanted that would surely grow), they paraded College Avenue and East Main street, with bathrobes as gowns, and entered the campus from the north.

Then they assembled about a spot near the new St. Mary’s hospital and set their elm in a row with the other class trees. They say it is impossible that this tree should fail to grow after all the speeches and invocations pronounced over it. One speech was given in Eng­ lish, another in German, another in Latin, one in Greek, one In Hebrew and one even in trigonometry. It seems the supplications —65—

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to the Olympian Zeus for plenty of moisture were immediately an­ swered, for a showering rain suddenly poured upon that solemn assemblage and drove them all running off the field. * * # # Another eventful year in the career of our Smoking Club has again come to a close. Since no literary society programs were given all through the winter, the collegiate students for the most part resorted on Saturday evenings to the amusements in the smok­ ing-room. Many interesting programs were rendered this year, in which music played a more important role than ever before. Spe­ cial plays given by each of the collegiate classes concluded the en­ tertainments for the season. On the first Monday in May, President Kremer called a meeting of the club, and the following officers were elected for next year: W. Holzhausen, ’21, President.

T. Uetzmann, ^l, Vice President.

G. Krause, *22, Treasurer.

W. Sauer, ’21, Secretary.

A. Gentz, ’22, Sergeant.

ALUMNI—ATTENTION. A regular meeting of the Alumni Society will be held Friday, June 18, 1920, in the Gymnasium at 2:30 p. m. The class of *95 celebrates the twenty-fifth anniversary of its graduation, and it is expected that every member of the class of，95 will be present.

H. K. Moussa, Pres.

—-Walter Klingmann, ex ’20, of Watertown, who is pursuing a medical course at the University of Michigan, was home on a post —66—

Easter vacation the week beginning April 11. While home lie spent some time with his former classmates and friends at Northwestern.

—L. Bernthal, ’18，of the Theological Seminary at Wauwatosa, visited at his Alma Mater, April 13. Mr. Bernthal is recuperating from injuries sustained to his foot while in the service of the Wells Fargo Express Co., of Milwaukee.

—The Rev. C. Buenger, ^4, of Kenosha, was in Watertown on business, April 13.

—Ted Boettcher, former member of the *20 class and graduate of the Dr. M. L. College, New Ulm, Minn., motored to Watertown with a friend, W. Hass, April 16. Mr. Boettcher is at present teaching a parochial school at Kaukauna, Wis. 一The Rev. E. Dorn fold, *07, of Marshall, and family were seen in our park, April 17-18. Miss Adela Dornfelcl took advantage of the occasion to chat with her co-ed friends. The Rev. Dornfeld was again a visitor on April 29.

—Among the many loyal rooters who witnessed the defeat of Be­ loit on our diamond, April 24, were Herbert Eggers, *18, of Milwau­ kee, and J. Henning, ’18, of the Theological Seminary of Wauwatosa —-Our tutor, W. Zank，’1(5, was suddenly taken ill while on a visi to his brother at Poynette, Wis.,Fortunately Mr. Zank felt strong enough to make the return trip to Watertown. Immediately upon arriving here, he placed himself in the hands of a local physician, who diagnosed a case of acute appendicitis. The patient was at once removed to the St. Mary’s hospital and a successful operation was performed on him late Sunday night, April 25. Due to the splendid physical condition Mr. Zank was in, he recuperated very rapidly and was discharged from the hospital as cured ten (lays after the operation. He will, however, spend several weeks with a sis­ ter at Greenleaf, Wis., before taking up his studies at Northwestern. 一On Thursday, April 29, we were pleased to have the Rev. John Brenner,，93, of Milwaukee, a member of the visiting committee, with us. The Rev. Brenner’s time was mainly taken up with the students of the Preparatory Department.

—The Rev. P. Marohn,，13，of Richwood, was here on a visit, May 1.

—Martin Ave Lallemant, ex，12, of Milwaukee, and wife attended the funeral of their uncle, May 2, and visited the haunts of Ave Lallemant’s student days the following day.

—A call was extended by the Board of Trustees of the Theol. Sem­ inary at Wauwatosa to the Rev. Prof. E. R. Bliefernicht, *03, of New Ulm, Minn., April 22. Prof. Bliefernicht was asked to fill one of the vacancies caused by the decease of Profs. Schaller and Meyer.

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The Board will reconvene in the near future to select a candidate for the other vacant professorship.

—Erwin Abelmann, ex *19, and Art. Koehler, of Nicollet, Minn., both of the Theol. Seminary at Wauwatosa, were seen in and about Watertown, Sunday, May 2.

—The Rev. Aug. Ernst, *00, of St. Paul, Minn., was at his father’s residence in the College Park, April 23. The Rev. Ernst also glad­ dened the hearts of liis three young disciples, Mattil, Wackerfuss and Kahnert, by paying them a short visit.

—The Rev. Edwin Grunwald, ’09，of Milwaukee, visited with his nephew Harry and viewed the athletic activities of the students on April 29.

—After spending forty-four years as an active preacher of the Gospel, the Rev. Ed. Hoyer, ’73, of West Bend, Wis.，has retired from the ministry. The remaining years of his life the Rev. Hoyer in­ tends to spend with a son, Dr. 0. Hoyer, at Randolph, Wis. For thirty-seven years he has ably filled the pulpit of the St. John’s con­ gregation at West Bend and only retired after he became weakened by infirmities brought oil by old age.

—The Rev. Wm. Heidtke, a former student, of Manchester, Wis., has taken a parish at Crivitz, Wis. The Rev. H. Schmidt, ’09，of Eagle River, Wis.,has accepted the call to fill the vacancy caused by the Rev. Heidtke’s departure from the St. Paul’s congregation at Manchester.

Both pastors were installed in their respective charges on Sunday, May 2.

—Im. Brackebuscli, a former student, who is now vicarizing at Eau Claire, Wis., motored up from Lake Mills, Wis., the home of his father, to see the Beloit-Kortliwestern baseball game, April 24.

—Belno Lange, ’18, of the Theol. Seminary at Wauwatosa, was our visitor, April 7-8. F. Brandt, ’19, also of the Seminary, stopped off at Northwestern, April 20, while on his way back to liis studies after the extended Easter recess.

—A mixed conference of pastors from the Missouri and Wiscon­ sin synods met in Watertown, May 4-6. The St. John’s school was used as headquarters for the business sessions. During their leisure moments many pastors strolled over to the college campus and park and inspected the college buildings.

Minutes of the N. W. C. Alumni Society’s Meeting' on Commencenient Day, June 19,1919.

The meeting was called to order by the president, H. K. Moussa; ——68—

F^MiXtk ^ :Belt

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whereupon the minutes of the preceding meeting were read and ac­ cepted as read. The former officers were re-elected for a term of three years, namely, the Rev. H. K. Moussa, president; Dr. J. H. Ott, treausurer; and the Rev. W. A. Eggert, secretary. Mr. Emil Thoms of Chicago, Mr. Theo. Schlueter, (student of the University of Wisconsin), and the class of 1919 were accepted as members. Dr. Ott read his annual report. Dr. F. Kosanke and the Rev. Paul Oehlert, acting as auditing committee, assured the society that the re­ port was correct.

The report of the Treasurer showed that the receipts for last year including interest were $237.00, which with cash on hand June 20, 1918—$304.91—made total receipts $541.91. The expenses for the year were as follows: Transferred to the Alumni Fund $100; B. E. Sauer for Prof. Frank’s present $4.50; H. H. Ebert for Prof.

Ernst’s present $4.50; Cheyne & Black, Encyclopedea Biblico $12.00; for library purposes $100; for postal cards $0.40; total expenses for 1918-9—$221.40; leaving a balance of $320.51.

The assets of the Alumni Fund, June 20 1918, were $220.31; the receipts for 1918-9 were: From General Fund $100, from Herbert Moussa $0.50, from interest $16.20; total receipts $116.70—total as­ sets of fund June 19, 1919, $346.01.

The following disbursements were made: To the Alumni Fund $200; to Dr. Ott for library purposes $100; $100 for the library were placed into the hands of a committee consisting of Dr. Ott, Prof.

Kowalke, Prof. Probst, to be disbursed at their discretion.

The officers of the society had brought to the attention of for­ mer students that they could properly show their esteem and appre­ ciation of Dr. Ernst on the occasion of his fiftieth anniversary as teacher and president of our Alma Mater by donating a purse to him.

As a result of this Prof. Kowalke could report that contributions had been received amounting to $1280 including a $20 gold piece bearing the date 1869, the year in which Dr. Ernst began his work at our institution.

Prof. Frank having been called out of our midst by death, the members arose from their seats in honor to his memory.

Adjournment followed.

W. A. Eggert, Sec.

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NORTHWESTERN 9; BELOIT COLLEGE 6.

Our old rivals Beloit came down to Watertown on April 24 to cross bats with our impatient nine for the first time in several years.

Beloit had been defeated by the strong university team in a hotly contested game and expected a sure, but not ； easy victory. Great excitement was manifest among the students a few hours before the combat; one could hear optimistic as well as pessimistic remarks in the classroom and on the campus. They knew that they had to deal with a strong team, and, as usually is the case, didn’t place all the possible confidence in their own. For our title defenders it was their first game; they knew that now their practice of several weeks was to be put to the test.

At 3:30 came the quietness that preceeds the storm: the rooters were tongue-tied until our men took to the field to open the struggle.

Beloit started the ball a-going with a furious attack, bringing in five runs in the beginning of the first inning. Two timely hits, two walks and an error put our opponents far in the lead. When our men came in from the field for their part of the inning, the pale and trembling crowd gave them the most entliusiastic welcome tlieir throats could bring forth. Nor were they in any way disappointed.

Press sent the pill bounding into the centre field for a two-base hit.

Thereupon Captain Timmel stepped up to the plate, gave the pitcher one of his winning smiles, and singled. Krenke then took his old r( ble club and brought Jerry home on a clean hit over short. The pitcher, not knowing that Nowack had a good eye for balls, walked —70—

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him. Tinimel was called out on home by a dash from third towards the goal; the spacious catcher had had both eyes open and his ears pointed. Groth connected with the ball for a single. Gentz fol­ lowed him, who, after giving the spectators a few lessons in calis­ thenics, put a scare into the opposing team by driving out another hit. Nowack and Groth scored. Next on the line-up was our short short-stop Bierwagen, whose liner was a puzzle to the third baseman and he fumbled; Bierwagen was safe on first and Gentz brought in another score. Henning reached first via the walk line. Then our twirler llinnenthal gave*the ball a ride for a hit into deep centre, Bierwagen brushing the plate for another score. Press and Timmel ended the inning, being called out on first. The side-lines went wild with joy; we were in the lead and surely had come back strong.

The ball didn’t stop rolling until every man had had his bat. The inning ended with Northwestern in the lead, 5 to 6. A rally on the part of Beloit in the third inning to overcome our score fell short. ‘ Wooten, their catcher, sent a hmnnier over third, and by way of an error on third, crossed the liome-plate in time to bring the score to a tie. Beloit took their southpaw Winkenwerder out of the game at the end of the first inning and was substituted by Philipps, who remained on the mound until our whirlwind attack in\the eighth took all his pep out of him. Wooten pitched the last few balls of the game. In the eighth our team broke the tie and took a decisive lead over their still confident opponents. Gentz and Bierwagen each made a hit; Henning was walked. Then llinnenthal, who wasn’t quite satisfied with his two previous hits, drove the ball into the outfield for a two-base hit, scoring Bierwagen and Henning. The inning ended with a total of three runs, and the cherished hopes of victory vanishing from the faces of our rivals.

Hinnenthal deserves worthy mention for his excellent pitching and his work at the bat. Keep it up, Mike! We’re all behind you and will give you all the necessary support.

A.B. R. IB. E. Beloit.

Northwestern AB. R. IB. E. —5110 Eckhart cf.― Press c.f.___ 5 10 0 —5111 Timmel 2b. *Fosse 2b. .

5 0 12 —5101 ,:>Jackmann ss.

Krenke If.__ 4 110 __5 1 2 0 Nowack lb.— Schacht If. 4 10 1 __5 1 0 2 Groth 3b.__ *Wooten c. .

4 10 0 __4 1 2 0 Gentz rf.___ *Philipps rf.

4 2 2 0 __4 0 0 1 Bierwagen ss.

4 2 11 Tuttle 3b.---Henning c. __4 0 1 0 Michelson lb.

4 10 0 Hinnenthal p.

•Winkenwerder p. _4 0 0 0 4 0 2 0 38

9

7 4 —71—

41 6 7 5

i •Philipps substituted for Fosse in eigth inning.

•Fosse substituted for Jackman in the eighth inning.

•Jackman substituted for Wooten in the eighth inning.

•Ries substituted for Philipps in the second inning.

••Philipps substituted for Winkenwerder in the second inning. **Wooten substituted for Philipps in the eighth inning.

Bases stolen—Hinnenthal, Nowack, Philipps. Two-base hits一 Press, Hinnenthal, Wooten. Double plays—Bierwagen to Timmel to Nowack 2. Base on balls—off Hinnenthal 4, off Winkenwerder 1, off Philipps 1. Hit by pitched balls—Nowack. Struck out—by Hin­ nenthal 10, by Philipps 7, by Wooten 2. Umpire—Eickmann. Time of game—2:05.

60000003 *一9 9 4 N. W. C.__.

50100000 0—6 6 5 Beloit ■

BELOIT COLLEGE 7; N. W- C. 2.

Northwestern^ baseball nine left for Beloit on May 1 with the purpose of repeating the performance of the previous week. Due to poor railroad connection they did not arrive there until late in the afternoon. The game was called at. 4:00. In the second in­ ning Beloit scored the first two runs of the game and maintained the lead to the end. Two well-placed hits and a walk paved the way for these two scores, and gave our opponents a decided advantage from the very beginning. Our first score was brought in by Nowack in the first of the fifth. Nowack was walked. Then Groth bunted the next ball to the pitcher, who made an overthrow, thus making both men safe. Gentz tried to eat the ball and struck out, but the catcher Jackmann happened to miss the ball. He foolishly threw it to first, and although Gentz was out, “Arnie” was sitting on third waiting for a chance to score. Their catcher, with, a man on third, got nervous, missing a speedy pitched ball. Nowack crossed the home-plate with our first score. Our second and last score came m the ninth. Timmel opened the attack with a hit. Krenke singled to short and was safe on first, but Kurtie was out on second. Groth followed soon after, and made the only two-bagger on our side, scor­ ing Krenke. Then Gentz, called “wild man” for his graceful ac­ tions while at bat, clouted the ball deep into centre field. Had not the centre fielder been frightened far back into the field by the un­ common actions of Gentz, perhaps Art could have made it a home—72—

run drive and the fielder wouldn’t have been able to grab the ball out of mid-air. Thus ended the second game of the season. Now don’t get discouraged, keep the pep! We’ve got it, don’t lose that.

AB .R. 1IB. E. Beloit.

Northwestern AB. R. IB. E. 4 110 Press cf.___ Eckhart cf. .4010 5 0 3 0 Timmel 2b. __ Scliacht If. .3 0 0 0 4 0 2 0 Jackmann c.

Krenke If.__ •4 1 0 0 Philipps ss..

4 10 1 Nowack lb. — ■2100 4 0 11 •Fosse 2b.Groth 3b.__ ■4 0 0 0 Michelson lb.

3 10 1 Gentz rf.__ .4 0 0 0 Tuttle 3b.

2 2 10 Bierwagen ss. .3 0 0 0 •Rice rf.___ 4 10 0 Henning c.― 3 0 10 •Wooten p..

3 12 0 Ilinnenthal p.

3 0 0 0 .

33 7 10 3 30 2 2 0 •Rutenbeck substituted for Rice.

•Winkenwerder substituted for Wooten.

•Schacht substituted for Fosse.

Bases stolen—Nowack, Jackmann 2, Philipps, Tuttle, Wooten, Two-base hits—Michelson, Groth.

Double plays—Eckhart to Schacht. Bases on balls—Wooten, Eckhart, Nowack. Hit by pitched balls一Timmel, Tuttle, Jackmann. Struck out—by Wooten 11, by Hinnenthal 6. Passed balls—Wooten 1, Ilinnenthal 1. Time of game 1:55.

02120020 *—7 11 3 Beloit 00001000 1—2 3 0 N. W. C.

03 M. Ii Aerolith.

The early days of the month, as usual brought to our exchangetable the M. H. Aerolith, a neat journal, with good contents. When we glanced over the table of contents, one thing struck us: wefound that the “Litera ry D epartment” consited of five articles and that fiction and poetry had no place whatever. Would it not be an —73—

improvement to the Aerolith to save some of these articles for later issues and insert a short story or two, or a poem in their place?

The “Literary Department”，as we said before, consists of five articles, three written in English, two in German. The fact that German material is not lacking was a real treat to us. We are pleased to see that at least some of our colleges are not willing to bind themselves to the spirit of the times, which wishes to take from many of us our mother-tongue. The first article, ^The Importance of a Thorough Course of Theological Study for a Minister”，is quite successfully written. Very often the question, “Why do you have to study such a long time to become a minister?n is asked of young men who are preparing for the ministry, and very often the young man is not able to give a satisfactory answer. It is quite obvious that the author of this first number in the Aerolith “Literary Department” dwelled on the necessity of a thorough preparation, and we feel that any Christian with only a little common-sense, after . reading this article, will feel convinced that the long years of study and preparation required of a missionary of our Lord are positively necessary. The title chosen seems not to have been broad enough for the writer, since he strayed outside the bounds set by the words “Theological Study” several times and wrote of subjects wholly alien to this. The author deserves praise for his work. The writer of **Worin bestand die Grosse des Sokrates?” awakened our interest at the very beginning of the essay and held it throughout by his plain, simple language and his interesting style.

We found the third number of the “Literary Department,” “God’s Immanance in the World in Opposition to Pantheism,M to be a rather interesting treatise, too. The difference in principle of Theism and Pantheism is well brought out. We think, however, that the author emphasized the resemblance between the two beliefs too much, for with not muclL effort on his part, he shows us that there exists a vast difference between them. The English used is faulty in but few places, the gravest error occurring in the last paragraph, by in­ correct reference. The pronoun his is used and should refer to “God”，but as it stands, there is no other possible anticedent except “the Evil One.” “Der Fruhling und das Jugendalter” contains some very good comparisons between the spring of life, youth, and the spring of the year. The Freshman wlio wrote it is quite well versed in the German language. We fully agree with the compiler of “Tlie Food Value of Mushrooms” when he says that “poisonous mush­ rooms are fewer in number than the edible.”

The two editorials that build up the Aerolith “Editorial” column.

i both deal with biblical truths. Each is well written and contains one thought that is well carried out. We should like to remind you that topics of the day, and customs, and habits common among col­ lege students also serve as good topics for editorials in the college paper.

The remainder of your paper is well taken care of. A “News” column, however, where such events as are too important for “Lo­ cals” could be printed, would not be out of place.

We hope that our criticism will be accepted in the friendly spirit in which we offer it. The Aerolith is always welcome!

―When Easter vacation ended, Kahnert, Prep., again resumed his studies after recovering from an appendicitis operation at his home in St. Paul.

—April 11, oil the way to their home at Osceola, Gustav and Carl Kuske stopped here to visit their brothers Paul and Emil.

—On April 12 and 13, Mrs. P. C. Uetzmann was here to visit her sons Theophil, Immanuel, and Gerhardt. 一Since April 14, Erich Christian, Prep., is boarding down town at his brother’s home. His brother, Max Christian, ’13, is teacher and assistant minister for St. John’s congregation in the city.

—Because of the death of his aunt, Jack La Haine, ’20, couldn’t come back to school until the second week after the Easter recess.

—Clement Kluge, ’23, stayed home ten days longer than Easter vacation allowed because of illness.

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―Fat Kupfer and Jerry Press went to Milwaukee per automobile April 15. Mr. Schubert, tlie restaurant man, invited them to go with him in his car, and they seem to have accepted the invitation will­ ingly.

—April 15, Happy Froehlich went to Toledo on a business trip.

—During April 17 and 18, Theodore Boettcher and his friend Win­ fred Hass, both of Kaukauna, visited Theodore’s brothers, Immanuel and Herbert. They came in a Ford and as April 18 was a Sunday, they didn，t want the car to stand idle. That afternoon Theodore, Winfred, and Immanuel and a few other persons motored to John­ son Creek. 一Specs decided to treat himself on Sunday evening, April 18. He went down town with six cents and put them into the first gum ma­ chine that he saw. Greatly to his disappointment the machine beat him out of half his capital. 一On the evening of April 20 the office of the second floor tutor was subject to a severe attack of scarlet fever, for about a half hour.

—April 23, Dudley Rolida, ’22, went to Oconomowoc, his home, to have his eyes treated. He returned to school gain May 4.

—Carl Bretzmann, Prep., was home from Saturday, April 24, to Tuesday, April 27, on account of eye trouble.

—Vadder II. and Otto List, Preps., have been taking numerous bi­ cycle trips. They rode to Oconomowoc, Sunday afternoon, April 24, and the following Saturday, May 1, they rode to Lake Mills. 一May 1, Roily Hillemann took a bicycle trip to Oconomowoc too.

It was already dark on his way back, and because of the darkness lie took a good “spill”. 一H. C. Thoms, Prep., returned to school April 27, after having undegone an appendicitis operation which necessitated his absence from school for about five weeks. 一Chowdy has had tough luck. The co-ed with whom he has en­ joyed many a pleasant afternoon, and with whom he has liad many delicious meals, has moved to Waterloo. 一Mrs. Charles Munch from Stanley, Wis., was here May 1 and 2, to see her sons Arthur and Clarence Speckmann be confirmed. The boys roomed and boarded up here, but attended the parochial school in town.

—On May 1, Mrs. 0. Bretzmann again visited her sons Carl and Paul. Their aunt, Miss Leona Barfknecht, came with their mother to pay the boys a visit too.

—The smoking-room “sticks” played a baseball game with the second team May 1. The “sticks” were defeated because of insuf­ ficient practice.

—76—

—May 1 and 2 the Dornfeld brothers went to Marshall, their home town, for a visit. 一Lester Sonn, Prep., was at Pond du Lac, his home, May 1 and 2, to have the cast on his arm removed. He broke his arm sometime during Easter vacation while playing basketball in that city. 一H. Schroeder and R. Bilse, Preps., went to the former’s home at Clyman, Sunday, May 2. They chose gopher hunting to amuse them­ selves in the afternoon.

—On May 2, Bienfang, Prep., went to Jefferson to enjoy some Sunday meals at home. 一R. A. and R. C. Winter went to Ixonia, May 2. They have gone there quite often and if they go there many more times, Venus, the third Winter will get lonesome, and will probably go too. 一Carl Reimann went to Milwaukee, May 1, and Will and Wolfgram went to Jefferson the same day. Their monitor, |Gus Krause, was thus left in his room alone; but they promised that they’d bring something for him the next (lay when they returned. Reimann brought some diabolical instruments for making a little noise. The other two, after they had eaten a good deal themselves, brought some cookies for poor Gus. 一On Saturday, May 1, Degner, Prep., went home to try out the two new “flivvers” that his father bought for the family. The fol­ lowing Monday morning Spuds returned to school again.

—Fat Kupfer went to Milwaukee on a business trip May 1, and returned on the evening of May 3. The same day that Fat went to Milwaukee, Abel, who is in Fat’s room, went to Jackson to attend his brother’s confirmation and also came back the evening of May 3. 一A number of the younger boys—perhaps older ones too—have been visiting ice cream parlors and candy shops less frequently since the beginning of this month than they did in April. They were anxious to save at least a dollar of their spending money by the evening of May 14, the night of the concert. A dollar bought exactly two tickets which could be exchanged that evening at the college auditorium for two good seats.

Eight of the co-eds assisted the women of St.Mark’s cliurch in serving at tlie social which was given for tlie War Relief. “The —77—

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Princess of India” aided the waitresses in rendering their best ser­ vice to tlie people, and they wisli to extend their sincere thanks to the N. W. C. orchestra.

“X. Y.” The following have contributed to tlie furnishing of the girls’ room: The Prauenverein of Oconomowoc $25.00; Sewing Circle of Oconomowoc $5.00. The sum thus far contributed is $98.50.

Henrietta Petig is again continuing her studies after a long period of illness.

Edna Maass has discontinued her studies at Northwestern be­ cause of ill health, resulting from her operation.

Miss Stella Kurzweg was our guest on April 10th.

This is the first year the co-eds have taken any active interest in Arbor Day. They managed to gather enough energy first of all to clean their room. After they cleaned the room, they decorated it with the plants and ferns they had brought with them. As the boys who did tlie raking were within earshot of the girls part of the time, little conversations between the two sexes were not infre­ quent. But by careful supervision the bosses of the girls’ crew and the bosses of the rakers managed to keep their workers busy most of the time.

Gretclien Ott accepted a position as a parochial school teacher in Hubbleton until the end of this school term.

Doris Ott was a Milwaukee visitor May 3 and 4.

―Someone translating Latin; Oculis videnms, auribus audimus: Wir horen mit den Augen und selien mit den Ohren.

—Gentz: Was ist Zwiespalt?

Prof.: O, das ist ’ne Art von Knoblauchwurst.

—Prof, (to Reimann): Abubalingua Sinitscliquesaque!

Reimann: I’ll take two. 一Der Haase sitzt und sieht in die Luft wie ein verliebter Maikafer. 一Prof.: Now if ‘boy’ is a name, what is ‘girl’ then?

Co-ed: An adverb.

—Prof. (In Eng. Grammar): Whenever you get to a relative— Speck: You make yourself at home.

—78—

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—Agent: I represent one of the largest insurance companies in existence.

Rube: Well what’s that got to do with me?

Agent: Why, I would like to have you insure your life through our company.

Rube: But my life is already insured!

Agent: That makes no difference; it will pay you to quit your company and take out a policy with ours. Just to demonstrate the efficiency of our service I will give as an example a little incident which occurred last week.

A man who had taken out a policy with us three years ago died of Influenza and within twenty minutes after he had passed away his wife had the insurance money in her hands.

Rube: Tliat’s pretty good, but the company with which I have taken out a policy lias its office on the fifth floor of a twenty-story building. About three days ago a man fell out of the nineteenth story and as he passed the fifth floor they handed the money out to him through the window. 一Prof.: ErkUiren Sie das einmal, Marti.

—Kunstpause.— 一Prof.: Na, ein S diirfen Sie aber nicht vor ihren Namen setzen.

E. g.: Examen garkeins. 一Just because a fellow is pigeon-toed and chicken-hearted, he does not necessarily have to be a bird.

—Speck (trying to give liis reason for translating a sentence in a very peculiar German idiom) Sehen Sie, Professor, das hab ich eben hineingefegt (gefiigt).

—Oswald: Dont make fun of me, boy. I came from an aristo­ cratic family. Why, the King of England touched my grandfather on the head with his scepter and made him a knight.

Bennie: You’ve got nothing on me there. A burglar touched my uncle on the head one day with a piece of lead-pipe, and made him an angel. 、一If the feminine of governor is governess and the feminine of poet is poetess couldn’t the feminine of men be menesses (menaces) ?

Stop! Look! Listen!

Remember the joke-box! It’s no ornament; neither is it an expedient. It’s a necessity. Dont be afraid to drop your jokes into the box, merely because some one may see you. Support your paper!

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The Black and Red

]

侈rabuatwn Number

VOLUME XXIV NO. 3

I

JUNE 1920

Northwestern College Watertown, Wisconsin

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"I: TABLE OF CONTENTS LITERARY The Sprinter-----------------------------------Frederic J. Schleicher------------------------Commencement Orations------------------The Wisconsin Idea_________________ Die Gruadung Der Lutherischen Kirche in Amerika_______________________ Philosophia Obiter Libata a Deo Abducit; Sed Funditus Exhausta ad Deum Ducit.......... .................... ..............

81 81 83 83 89 95

EDITORIALS Educational Valuation.

The Race After Riches..

A Year______________ ALUMNI...................

COLLEGE NOTES..

SEMINARY NOTES. ATHLETICS.............

EXCHANGES...........

LOCALS.....................

CO-ED NOTES..........

JOKES....................... .

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98 100 102 103 105 108 110 115 116 118 119

THE BLACK AND RED

Volume XXIV.

Watertown, Wis., June 1920.

Number 3

THE SPRINTER. The sun so clear in heaven’s airy space To earth below its golden light-rays sent, Illumined bright the sprinter on his base; His foot is set, his posture confident.

Expressed determination on his face, With muscles tense—with body forward bent; Prepared and eager to begin the race For victory; the energy’s well spent.

The students ever for a race are set, The goal is near; the prize do not forget.

The hardest race with perserverance won Is joy complete when nobly it is done.

To higher levels, ever higher rise, And bear in mind, “But one receiv’Ui the prize.”

E. J”，21.

Again it is the sad office of this journal to record the unex­ pected death of one of our Alma Mater’s promising sons. Fred­ eric J. Schleicher was born on July 3, 1895, in Zumbrota, Minn. In 1909 he entered Dr. Martin Luther College, New Ulm, Minn., where he took three years of preparatory and one year of college work.

After acquitting himself there of his studies in a most admirable manner, lie entered Northwestern College in the fall of 1913. And at this institution lie was a source of joy to his instructors and a desirable friend to liis schoolmates. But toward the end of his Junior year he developed a bronchial trouble of such a nature that his physician advised him to spend a year among the pines in norlhern Minnesota. In a year lie had so fully regained his health that in 1916 he entered the Theological Seminary in Wauwatosa, 'Vis. But after applying himself to his studies there diligently for two years, his old trouble returned. And once more he resorted to the outdoor life among the pines. And in a little over a year liis health was such again that he accepted a position as school-teacher near Backus, Minn. His intention was to earn some money so that he might take the last year at the Seminary. For his one ambition was to serve his Savior as minister of the Gospel. But Christinas, 1919, Fritz, as he was commonly known, had to give up his school.

He had lost liis voice. He then planned to come to the healthful climate of Arizona, to recuperate thei*e, and then enter the Apache Indian Mission, in which he was enthusiastically interested. Hut almost on the eve of his departure to the Southwest, a complica­ tion of la grippe and influenza set in, so that he became bed-rid­ den. But he was fighting a brave battle for health, so tli at his;I\ hopes for his recovery were entertained. Howver. the death of liis brother William on May 5, who contracted tuberculosis in Fronco, gave Fritz a grave shock. And on May 15, just ten flays (later. Fritz, followed his favorite brother into eternity. His loss is in ournod by a mother, two brothers, six sisters, three brotliers-in-law, a num­ ber of nieces and nephews, and a host of warm friends.

Of his deathbed it is reported that “be took Lord’s Supper, and was so liappy to have Rev. H. pray with liim that, really one could not feel sad.” And a few days later he quietly fell asleep in Jesus, in a cottage on Cedar Lake, Minneapolis. On the 20tli of May lie was buried at Zumbrota, Minn.

Fritz had brilliant gifts, was a diligent and obedient student, an exemplary son, a sincere friend, and a. Christian who led a life of prayer as perhaps few young men of liis age lead it. His early death is a distinct loss, not only to his relatives and friends, but also, especially in view of our dearth of good ministers, to our Church. He was privileged to enter the pulpit blit a few times be­ fore God took him into the Church Triumphant.

N., ’15.

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COMMENCEMENT ORATIONS. The 'Wisconsin Idea.

W. M. Heitdke, ’20, Crivitz, Wis. The essence of the Wisconsin Idea is a form of government based on the fundamental principles of democracy. The cardinal principle of democratic government is that any government that believes in liberty and justice must derive its just powers from the consent of the governed. This principle was the lodestar of our Revolutionary forefathers in their struggle against Great Britain.

In our state the people of Wisconsin have preserved and are at pvosent under great odrls endeavoring to preserve and enrich the aualitv of this principle. The Wisconsin Idea, is a political experiment that is destined to grant the people of Wisconsin the rarest fruits of dem­ ocratic government.

It is not. a mere accident that this idea found its origin and de­ velopment in Wisconsin. The various foreign elements with their diversity of customs, habits, and governmental ideas that streamed into Wisconsin from the political maelstrom of Europe in 1848 and in subsequent years founded a form of democracy in our state that cave rise to the origin and development of the Wisconsin Tdea.

Their ideals and thoughts of government formed the comfirstonn of the skillfully constructed artifice of democratic government, the Great Wisconsin Tdea. The leaders of this rare and exceptional foreign stock were the firm advocates of liberty in Europe. When the justice of their cause seemed doomed on a continent meslied in a network of tyranny and despotism, they sought the shores of our country as an asylum of security from political persecution. Par­ ticularly our state was blessed with these political refugees from Germany, Scandinavia, Poland, and Treland. Combined with the earliest colonizing race in our state, the Puritan Yankees, this frosh stream of foreigners produced a sturdy, progressive, and healthy race in whom the spirit of democracy is predominant. In no other state in the Union was the soil for the growth of a great democratic idea so rich and so fertile.

Hardly had these patriotic pioneers of reform built their homes and cleared their lands, when they beheld ample opportunity for the application of their theories of government in their own state.

They soon saw to their great disappointment that in their new homes the spirit of despotism and tyranny was pervading the atmosphere.

The formation and growth of a new power more dangerous and for­ midable that their enemies, autocratic, aristocratic, and bureau—83—

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cratic government, began to loom on the political horizon of Wis­ consin, namely, the concentration of wealth. The greatest foe of democratic government is plutocracy in the guise of democracy. It can tlien combinedly execute autocratic, aristocratic, and bureau­ cratic governmental functions without incountering the least re­ sistance.

The accumulation of wealth found its germ in monopoly. The first important monopoly in our state was the railroad. At the time of the great economic revolution in our country the government encouraged the growth of all new inventions beneficial to the na­ tion’s political and economic welfare. Of these the railroad was tlie most important factor in increasing the political and economic growth of our country. The railroad as a great economic builder was vested with special powers and privileges, which it unfortunate­ ly, however, soon abused to such an extent that it encroached upon the personal liberties of the citizens and interfered with the smooth course of state government. In Wisconsin the railroad reached the zenith of its power in 1874 when the private railroad companies virtually controlled state legislation. One of the Kreat railroad presidents in our stale even assumed the brazen audacity of defy­ ing the state law regarding the state regulation of the railroads.

By chicanery the railroads forced the legislature to repeal this law sustained by the courts. The legislature, the organ of the peoples will, was impotent and catered to the extortionate denmnds of a system that was the very incarnation of despotic government in Us crassest form.

The great question then arose in t]ie minds of the people of Wisconsin, particularly those of foreign birth in whom the emhors of liberty in consequence of awful experiences in their oM homes flowed the brighter: Sliall crovermnont for tlio of uriyate Interests or shall proTemmeiit bo for flic licucfit of t^e Diibllc? In t.he solution of this scrent povernmenta.1 problem Wisconsin Idea came to life. The people of our state knew full yell that the representatives of concentrated wealth must lie curbed if the torch of libertv should he kept flame. Since it was an tablished fact that t.he individual could not cope with a force the railroads with their lone: train of les：a.l experts, the sacred dutv devolved upon the state to s:ivf> the individual justice. Various reforms toward the regulation of the railroads culminated in the creation of an appointive railroad commission that regulated flip railroads in the interest of their welfare and that of the people of Wisconsin. Soon other corporations were subjected to the rulings of appointive commissions. The commission was an application of

a fundamental principle of the Wisconsin Idea that the welfare of the state centered in the welfare of the individual. It was clearly seen by our foremost legislators that the position of strong and weak must be equalized by powerful state intervention. In this legislation against the trust the Wisconsin Idea sprang up as a liv­ ing organism destined to spread its great blessings over the state of Wisconsin.

The overthrow of a strongly intrenched system of despotism was merely the incentive of a great period of governmental reform in Wisconsin which reached its widest scope in the political sphere of activities. The Primary Election Law and the Corrupt Practice Law were the harbingers of an era of political democratic develop­ ment in our state. The Primary was forced into existence by the pressure brought to bear on the conventions by the great economic forces. This law was the only direct means of nomination and the only effective weapon against the selection of candidates by the capitalists. The benefit of the Primary lies in the selection of the people’s candidates without consideration of party affiliations. The badge of party loyalty had too long been a mask to defeat the mani­ fest will of the people. The Primary is applied to all elective offices except judges, state superintendents of public institutions, and some minor offices. In the Corrupt Practice Law the principle of equality of opportunity in running for and in holding office finds its bear­ ing. The information of each candidate, rich or poor, is furnished to the people at public expense. The state has devised two ways in this law whereby it can prevent the capitalistic candidate from purchasing his office, namely, by limiting the amount of his cam­ paign money and by giving the poor candidate financial aid from the state.

The guarantee of such democratic legislation is a good legis­ lature that derives its excellent legislative capability from various sources gradually developed under the Wisconsin Idea of govern­ ment. Our legislators were greatly handicapped by the state and federal courts in the passage of laws. To make sure of the constitutionaliiy of his law the legislator had to peruse hundreds of precedents, and still the courts would often pronounce it uncon­ stitutional. The test of representative government must be made by its immediate tangible product, the statute. The statute must be sound if representative government should function properly. Of late, however, in view of the legislators’ work and inexperience in the present day complex governmental theory, he must receive some guidance along the right path of legislation. The guidance is the —85—

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legislative reference department. This department collects all past legislation, files it, and studies its value. By a study of these past statutes the legislator can gain a sound understanding of good legis­ lation and can make laws compatible with tlie best interests of pub­ lic opinion. In line with this is the technical assistance which is also at tlie service of the legislature. Today a trained corps of ex­ perts are of service to our legislators. Herein rests the foundation of good legislation so essential toward the maintenance of a highly developed democratic form of government in our state.

Even though good legislation is a component part of the Wis­ consin Idea, it will not in itself give us democratic government.

Wliat will a good legislature and good laws benefit us, if they are not properly and systematically enforced?

Another agency inseparably interwoven with the Wisconsin Idea that executes democratic legislation, thereby making demo­ cratic government a reality, is administration. The essence of our administrative system is the doctrine of civil service inherited from the Germans. Through tlie introduction of the civil service the state lias made a distinction between elected and appointed governmental officials. The strongest bulwark of administrative government in our state is tlie commission. The commission is a scheme, although apparently opposed to tlie ideas of democracy, which is an aid to lemocracy, because it carries out the express will of the people. We cannot in this complex, economic life use any other machinery of government than commission government. The legislature and the courts are inefficient to carry out the present economic problems which confront us. Our own judges and legislators saw that for any special line of endeavor tlie state must have administrators vested with governmental functions proportionate to their various responsibilities. The great economic problems of the future will be determined by the legislator and carried out by the administrative expert, the loyal servant of tlie people. The best system against maladministration is the English system. As the cabinet members who carry out tlie legislative program of the English government are responsible for their actions to tlie House of Commons, in the same manner are the administrative officials in our state respons­ ible for their actions to the legislature. Thanks to the strong Ger­ man element in our state, tlie people of Wisconsin have perceived that there is a profound truth in efficient administration—a truth tlie people of Wisconsin have imported from Germany, where ad­ ministrative officials receive tlieir positions solely through merit.

From the economic standpoint the Wisconsin Idea involves the principle that democratic legislation is only then democraitc when —86—

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it suits modern conditions. Our legislature and our courts have only realized the importance of this fact in recent times. The ten­ dency of the legislator and the judge was to adhere strictly to pre­ cedent. If therefore someone advocated the passage of a law that was adopted to the present needs but fell out of tlie category of precedent, lie was forthwith accused of imdermining the very foun­ dations of our state and federal government. Our legislators did not seem to believe that laws must be suited to the social and eco­ nomic needs of a community, and not social and economic condi­ tions suited to laws based on stiff precedent. In a like manner our judges passed decrees (hat would have been quite suitable to the economic conditions of a century ago. The only decrees that bore the stamp of modernization were those passed by the various state commissions. While the courts adhered to the old doctrine of pre­ cedent, the commissions made rulings based on economic facts. The reports and data collected by the commissions have in some way tended to be of service to our legislators ami judges that they form­ ulated juridical priiiciplo;⑺川！KiXil)le with present needs. It is still to be hoped that (lie rulings of our commissions will be regarded by our judges as the source of justice and right in place of those old precedental principles. U is (rue that we can depart from many legal precedents without encountering clii'ficulLy, but does the stress of economic conditions justify us in deviating from our state constilution? Surely. An eighteenth ^century constitution made by an eighteenth century mind will of course be adapted to the political, social, and ciconomic needs of the century. Under the Wis­ consin Idea our state has made laws that meet new economic con­ ditions and the source of these scientific laws is the commission.

The basis of present and future democratic government in Wis­ consin rests on education. Our illustrious predecessors who con­ tributed towards the origin and development of the great Wisconsin Idea were men of exception ill talent. They believed in good demo­ cratic state government. They imitated the jGermans in establish­ ing an educational system. The University and other great educa­ tional institutions becanio the repository of future democratic gov­ ernment in our state. The purpose of the University is to serve the people, and the conned ing link between the University and the people is the University Exlension Division. In no other state in the Union are the relations between the University and the people so intimate and mutual.

Another imitation of I he German educational system is the Con­ tinuation school attended by all between the ages of 14 to 16. The purpose of this school is to give the working boy and gii4l an equal —87—

I，施 opportunity for obtaining a higher education than the common school education. Since only a small number in comparison with the total number of boys and girls in our state attend high schools, the doctrine of democratic reform can be taught best in the con­ tinuation school, where it reaches everyone.

Another asset in our excellent educational system is the edu­ cation of aliens. Our aliens often get in contact with bad citizens and bad conditions and naturally form their ideals under them. The only cure is education. In fine, our educational system is a sure guar­ antee for democratic government in Wisconsin. The best hope of intelligent progress in our economic and social legislation and in our administration lies in the educational standards and influence of our educational centres. By sending out trained administrators, legislators, judges and legal experts for commissions who are not • governed by ignorance, by prejudice or by impulse, but by knowl­ edge and reason, our educational institutions will safeguard de­ mocracy.

To-day Wisconsin is standing on the threshold of a dark future.

In fact a dark cloud of gloom looms over the whole Union. In the last few years the people of Wisconsin have passed through a series )f events whose gravity and importance can only be tested accuratey by posterity. A great economic war in which (lie United States aas finally assumed the heaviest responsibility for its outcome has been fought on the European continent. What we have won or lost through, this war cannot at present be fathomed by mortal mind.

Only the future can tell. But when we gaze upon the treaty of Ver­ sailles, it is by no means an exaggerated assumption to state that the people of the United States have lost blood and treasure un­ necessarily. The lives of our finest young men were sacrificed for a peace that is a gross debasement of the principles for which our country entered the war. The war left many de­ moralizing consequences in its wake. Wisconsin is to-day facing great political, social, and economic problems in consequence of the war. It is our hope that the state of Wisconsin will not shirk its responsibility in meeting and solving these weighty problems. What­ ever has been accomplished in our state has been based upon the Wisconsin Idea of making practice conform to the ideals of justice and right. The application of this great idea to these new prob­ lems will preserve for ourselves and for our children democratic • government in a form and spirit as it was understood by the builders of our great American commonwealth.

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DIE GRCNDUNG DER LUTHERISCHEN KIRCHE IN AMERIKA, Erich E. La Haine, Owosso, Mich.

Das helle Licht des Evangeliums, das durch die Reformation wieder von neuem strahlte, hat sich sehr schnell, wie die Wolken vom Win do getrieben, iiber ganz Europa verbreitet. Die Strahlen dieses Liclites beschienen aber liiclit nur den Teil der Erde, in dem es aufging, son der n sie erreicliten aucli unser Land, Amerika. Nun gibt es aber viele Leute di da meinen, class unsere Kirche sehr jung sci. Dies ist aber niclit der Fall, denn unsere lutherische Kirche ist schon seit vielen Jaliren in diesem Lande vertreten gewesen.

Wir wisseii doch, class im Jahre 1G23 Hollander lieriiberkamen um Ilamlel zu treiben, unter denen unsere Glaubensbruder schon zu finden waren, wenn sie aucli dann noch keine ausserliche Kirchengemeinscliaft gogriiiulet liaben. Aber fiinfzehn Jahre spater kam nun eine Expedition aus Scliweden heriiber, und diese Leute waren es, die den Samen gesiiet liaben, woraus unsere heutige lutherische Kirche in diesem Lande emporgewaclisen ist.

Ivonig Gustav Adolf liatle den Plan gefasst, eine deutsch-schwedische Kolonie in Nordamerika zu griinden, und bat deutsch-lutherische Fiirsten, an diesem Unternehmen teilzunehmen. Aber er wurde leider an diesem Plane gehiiulert, und zwar durch den Drelssigjiihrigen Ki.ieg. Aber obwolil dieser ein schwerer und blutiger Krieg war, und alle seine Aufmerksamkeit und Kraft in Anspruch nalim, so vergass Gustav Adolf trotzdem nie seinen Plan sondern hegte ihn, bis er im Jahre J 632 in der Schlacht bei Liitzen fiel. Und nun schien auch die I-IolTiiung, diesen Plan ausfiihren zu konnen giinzlicli vernichtet zu sein, aber (loch wurde er von dem schwedischen Ivanzler Oxenstierna aufgenommen und ausgefiihrt. Peter Minevit, ein Deutscher aus Wesel, hatte die Manhattan Insel fur einen gcringen Preis von den Indianern gekauft, und bot seinen.

Dienst (len Scliweden an. Der Kanzler schickte nun die erste Expedilion der Schweden unter der Fiihrung Minevits aus, und sie landete dann liach einer sturmischen t)berfahrt dort, wo das Fliisschen Cliritina in (len Delaware liineinfliesst. Hier kaufte Minevit nun Land von den Indianern, er haute ein Port und errichtete ein Gotteshaus, wo dann im Jalire 1G38 der erste Gottesdienst einer lutherischen Gemeinde in Amerika gefeiert wurde.

Es entstanden aber nun auch bald Streitigkeiten zwischen diesen Schweden und den Hollandern, die sich weiter nordlich am Dela—89—

ware niedegelassen liatten. Die Hollander beanspruchten das Land, wo die Scliweden sich niedergelassen liatten. Der hollandisclie Gouverneur von Neu-Ainsterdam schickte aucli Schiffe und Soldaten zum Delaware, urn Neu-Schweden zu erobern. Die Scliweden waren sehr schwach und konnten keinen Widerstand leisten.

Deshalb blieb ihnen nur eins zu tun ubrig, sie mussten sich ergeben, und so war es mit dem Portbestand dieser schwedischen Kolonie zu Ende.

Aber sie bedangen sich docli von den Holliindern das Recht aus, auf der Insel Tinikum ihrern lutherischen Glaubensbekennlnis treue zu bleiben.

Mit den Scliweden sail es jetzt gar traurig aus, denn die Hol­ lander waren ilire Herren, sie liatten nur einen einzigen Prediger, sie waren von der Heimat ganzlich getrennt und auf sich selbst. angewiesen, aber es sollte ihnen wieder geliolfen werden. Es kam namlich. ein junger Schwede namens Andreas Prinz herliber nach Amerika, der im Jalire 1690 aucli die Scliweden am Delaware aufsuchte. Er sah dort die grosse Not in der sich seine Lamlslcute befanden. Er ging dann wieder nach Scliweden zuriiclc, schildcrte dort die Lage der Kolonie in Amerika, und durcli Ililfe Karls des XI., bliihte sie wieder auf. Es wurden zwei Prediger, lludniann und Bjork heruber geschickt, die aucli eiiie grosse Menge von Bucliern mitbrachten, und kurz darauf kam nocli ein dritter Prediger herdber. Grosse Preude erfullte die Kolonisten bei der Ankunft der Prediger, und die Gemeinden bliihten eine Zeitlang wieder non auf.

Pastor Rudmann bediente die Gloria Dei-Ivirche zu Wicaco, ging aber spater nach New York, um dort die liollandische Gemeinde zu bedienen. Bjork ubernalim die jGemeinden zu Chrislina und Grankook, und bei seiner Ankunft ubernalim der dritte Prediger Rudmanns friihere Stelle.

Zu derselben Zeit, da es bei den Scliweden am traurigsten aussah, kam nun eine neue Bewegung bei den Hollandern in gang. Die Zahl der Lutheraner war bei den Hollandern in Neu-Amsterdam, Oder wie es heute heist, New York, sehr gewaclisen, und sie wollten sich daher eine Gemeinde griinden, aber sie gerieten dann sofort in Streitigkeiten, und zwar mit dem Statthalter Stuyvesant. Sluyvesant war ganz und gar von den Reformierten beeinflusst, uml liatte aucli von der westindisclien Kompagnie, der das Land gehorle,、vorauf die Ansiedlung sich befand, den Auftrag erhalten, nur fiir die Reformierten zu sorgen und sie allein zu beglinstigen. Dieser war nun so dreist, dass er den Befehl ergehen liess, nieniand diirfe auf irgendeine Weise noch irgendwo einen andern als den reformierten Gottesdienst feiern, und fiigte noch hinzu, dass wenn irgendeiner dabei ertapt wiirde, seinen Befelil zu hintergehen, der sollte schwer —90—

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bestraft werden. Gliickliclier Weise geschah es nun, dass der anmassende Stuyvesant in Schwierigkeiten geriet, was, wie es schien, fur die Hollander gute Folgen haben wurde. Auf Long Island lebte namlich ein englischer Quaker, der sich weigerte eine liber ihn verhangte Strafe zu zahlen, weil er den reformierten Gottesdienst nicht unterstlitzen wollte. Stuyvesant wanclte sich nun an die Kompagnie um diesen Englander zur Strafe zu zwin gen; die Kompagnie wollte aber in keinem Falle mit. England in Streit geraten, und Stuyvesant empfmg von der Kompagnie einen ernsten Verweis. Somit war es mit der Beliistigung von Seitens des Statthalters vorbei, und es kamen docli bald die Englander und besiegten ohne viele Miihe die Hollander. Von jetzt ail war es mit der Ilerrscliaft der Hollander vorbei, und wie die Schweden es frliher von ihnen veiiangt hatten, so erbaten sich jetzt die Hollander von den Englandern die Religionsfreilieit, die ihnen aucli gewiilirt wurde. Und nun konnten aucli die Lutheran er (liese Religionsfreiheit fiir sich gel ten machen.

Es waren jetzt sell on etliclie lutherische Gemeinden gegriindet: eine befand sich zu Albany, das etwa 150 Meilen von New York liegt; eine andere, welclie die Gloria Dei-Kirche genannt war, war da, wo heute Philadelphia liegt; sodann gab es eine Gemeinde ir Crankook, und in New York befanden sich sowohl hollilndiscbe als auch deutsche Gemeinden. Dies war im Jahre 1669.

Wir wen den uns nun wieder mich New York, und wollen sehen, wie es dort mit. den Gemeinden weiterging. Ein gewisser Pastor Aren si us hatte liier jetzt die Gemeinden ubernonimen, aber die Ar­ beit war fiir einen Mann zu viel. Da kam aucli bald Hilfe, denn es wurde ein junger Theologe nanlens Justus Palkner ordiniert, nachdem er ein grandliclies Examen bestanden hatte. Dieser half nun dem Aren sins mit der Arbeit. Er war ein frommer und tiichtiger Mann, der ein Buch schrieb fiber die christliche Lehre, und auch sclion ein Lied gedichtet hatte. Wall rend dieser Zeit wurde aucli das Arbeitsfeld bedeutenil grosser, und dies geschah durch die Einwanderung der Pfiilzer.

Schon im Dreissigjiilirigen Kriege wurde die Rlieinpfalz von den Spaniern gepliindert, und nach clem Friedensschluss wurde dort alles verwiistet, sodass die Pfiilzer gezwungen waren, ins Innere Deutschlands zu fliehen Oder auszuwandern. Es kamen nun von diesen Pfalzern viele nach Amerika und mit ilinen Pastor Kocherthal, nachdem sie erst nach England geflohen waren. Sie landeten im Jahre 1709 in New York, und waren nun ganz ohne Mittel und Versorgung hier, deslialb ging Koclierthal nach England zurtick, um fiir sie Mit­ tel zu sammeln. Als er nun wieder zuriickkam, da brachte er nocti 20,000 andere Pfalzer mit, die auch nach England geflohen waren.

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In England wurde viel fiir sie gesammelt, und die Englander versprachen ihnen fiir jeden Mann ein freies Stuck Land, das sie mit der Zeit durcli Arbeit abverdienen sollten. Ihr neuer Wohnort wur­ de das XJfer des Hudson.

Colonel Hunter war es, der sie von England heriiber gebracht hatte, und nachdem sie angekominen waren, hiess er einen Teil sich im East Camp niederlassen und den anderen Teil in West Camp.

Das gerieten sie aber bald wieder in grosse Not, denn Hunter und Livingston, eine von seinen Untergebenen, behandelten die Weggetriebenen ganz、grausam, sie gaben ihnen niclit, was sie furs Leben notig hatten, sagten sie hiitten kein Recht da zu wohnen, wo sie waren, und auf allerlei Weisen machten sie den Ansiedlern das Leben sauer. Noch wahrend ihres Aufentlialts in England waren diese Pfalzer mit Gesandten der Indianer aus Amerika zusammengetroffen, die ihnen yersprochen batten, wenn sie zu ihnen kamen, wiirden sie den Pfalzern so viel gutes Land umsonst geben, wie sie notig hatten. Und da sie jetzt der furchtbaren Missliandlung seitens Hunters und Livingstons nicht mehr ertragen konnten, gingen viele von ihnen zu den Indianern im Moliawktale, wo sie selir freundlich aufgenommen wurden. Kochertlial start) nun, und Falkner musste auch. seine Arbeit ubernehmen, aber es kamen dann recht bald noch andere Pastoren ihm zu Hilfe. Auch zu dieser Zeit wurde die erste lutherische Synode in Amerika abgehalten.

So sehen wir, dass es die Schweden, die Hollander, und die Deutschen waren, die unsere lutlierische Ivirclie in diesem Lande gegriindet haben. Wir wolinen meistens in Stadten und liaben alles recht bequem, deshalb konnen wir uns kaum voratellen was fiir Not, Elend, Trubsal und Entbehrung diese Ansiedler ertragen mussten. So war es stets mit einer Ansiedlung Oder Pflanzstadt in einem fremden Lande, alles musste man erst vorbereiten, bevor man an dem neuen Orte behaglich wohnen konnte. Das Land war nicht bereit fiir den Ackerbau, sondern die Ansiedler mussten es erst urbar machen; misslang dann eine Ernte, und kam niclits von der Heimat an, dann trat eine Hungersnot ein. Da gab es aucli keine Wege, diese musste man sich selber machen, und sie fulirten dann oft durch dichte Walder und ubers offene Feld, sodass der Wanderer sich nie vor Tieren und Raubern sicher fiihlte. Wollen wir mal verreisen, dann konnen wir einen Eisenbalmzug dazu benutzen, wir haben es gar leicht, aber damals konnte man so et'vas nicht. Da musste man entweder zu Fuss Oder auf einem Pferde von Ort zu Ort gehen. Die grosste Not batten wohl die Pfalzer. Sie hatten nichts mitbringen konnen, denn ihr Hab und Gut hatten ihnen die Franzosen in der Heimat einfach weggenommen. Sie kamen als Ver—92—

triebene hier an, und liessen sich da nieder, wo Hunter sie hinwies.

Und man sollte doch meinen, Hunter hatte sich ihrer angenommen und fiir sie gesorgt, aber wie sclion vorhin angedeutet worden ist, hat er sein Wort gebrochen, und hat sie auf ganz schmahliche Weise behandelt. Sie waren wahrlich alle an Himgersnot gestorben, wenn die Indian er sich ihrer niclit angenommen hatten.

Diese Ansiedler, die unsere Kirche hier gegriindet haben, waren ein frommes, vertrauensvolles, und (lurcliaus christliches Volk, und sie sehnten sich stets nach einer Predigt. Sie waren auch stets darauf bedacht, ihren Kindern einen christlichen Unterricht zu geben, denn sie wussten wohl, class wenn (lie Kirche gedeihen und wachsen soli, dann muss man dam it an fan gen, die Kinder christlich zu unterrichten. Aber leider konnte man den Kindern oft diesen notigen Unterricht nicht zukommen lassen, auch wurden die Gemeinden nicht so bedient wie es hatte sein sollen, was sich aber auch sehr leicht erklaren lasst.

Diese Ansiedler haben namlich schon von Anfang an einen sehr grossen Fehler begangen. Sie hatten sofort dafiir sorgen sollen, erstens, dass hier in unserem Lande Gemeindeschulen errichtet wur­ den fur die Erziehung der Kinder, und zweitens, class ihre Pastoren hier ausgebildet wurden, aber dies gescliah nicht. Statt dessen bat man um :Prediger aus der I-Ieimat, und liielt es fur etwas ganz natiirliches, dass man von dort aus mit Predigern versorgt wurde. Es waren deshalb nur weniger Prediger hier zur selben Zeit, oft nur einer, der dann natiirlich die ganze Arbeit iibernehmen musste. Ei hatte dann so sehr viel Arbeit, class er nicht einmal genug Zeit hatte, fiir alle Gemeinden regelmassig zu predigen. Also konnen wir uns leicht vorstellen, wie wenig Zeit man hatte auf Kindererziehung zu verwenden, was doch fiir das Gedeihen der Kirche durchaus notwendig 1st.

Obwohl die Pastoren fast bestandig mit Arbeit iiberlastet waren, so waren sie dennoch tiichtige und eifrige Manner, und setzten alles dran, um das Wort Gottes zu verbreiten und die Lutheraner beim rechten Glauben zu erhalten. Aber sie mussten oft bei ihren Reisen lange Strecken zu Pferde zuriicklegen, und es nahm dann manchmal zwei bis drei Wochen bevor sie wieder zurlickkamen. Es geschah auch sehr oft, dass die Prediger wieder nach der Heimat zuriickberufen wurden, dann gab es lange Perioden, in denen iiberhaupt keine Predigt gehalten wurde, und diese Perioden erstreckten sich sogar in manchen Fallen uber etliche Jahre. Da kamen dann auch allerlei Sekten zu den Lutheranern und suchten sie zu verlocken, dass sie sich ihnen anschlossen. Auch wurde dann die Kindererziehung ganz vergessen, und mit der reinen Lehre sah es dann natiirlich ganz bedenklich aus.

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Kam dann nach einer langen Zeit wieder ein Prediger heriiber, so musste er zuerst wieder seine Gemeinde zusammensuchen und sich in die Verhaltnisse der Ansiedler hineinarbeiten. Kaum war dies geschehen, da wurde er schon wieder zurlickberufen. Und dies war die Ursache, weswegen uns leider die schwedisclien Gemeinden verloren gingen. Es waren nicht geniigend Prediger hier, auch koi­ ne Lehrer; die Kinder der Schweden wuchsen deshalb heran ohne einen christlichen Unterricht. Nachher vergassen sie auch ilire Sprache und lernten die englische. Sie forderten dann auch, dass man englisch predige. Nun soil man ja niclit mcinen, dass wir diese Gemeinden wegen der VernachHissigimg des Gebrauchs der englischen Sprache verloren haben, denn die sellwed isclien Prediger predigten auch in der englischen Sprache, so viel es moglich war.

Aber die Kinder verstanden dann kaum die Predigt, weil sie keinen Religionsunterricht in der englischen Sprache gehabt hat ten. Also liegt die Schuld einfach daran, dass die Gemeinden und Scluilen nicht ordentlich versorgt wurden mit Predigern und Lehrern. Und dies hatte alles leicht vermieden werden konnen, wenn man soforl. fiir Gemeindeschulen und Ausbildung der Pastoren und Lehrer in unse­ rein Lande gesorgt liatte.

Obwohl uns diese schwedischen Gemeinden verloren gingen, so hat sich doch die lutherische Kirche in unserem Lande erlialten, und wie ist sie doch so sehr gewachsen, hauptsachlicli wall rend der .letzten funfzig Jahre. Vor dieser Zeit. hatten wir in unserer Synode nur gegen funfzig Pastoren, aber jetzt gibt es liber funflumderl. und ebensoviele Gemeinden. Walirlich, aus einer gerinsen Schar Chris­ ten ist nun die Zahl bis liber 196,000 gestiegen. Aber trotzdem wollen wir uns doch die Zeit der Ansiedler, haupisachlich aber die Zeit da uns die schwedischen Gemeinden verloren gingen. als Wnrming dienen lassen, denn sie soil uns lehren: soil unsere Kirche gedeihen und soli die reine Lehre stets bei uns bleiben. dann nuissen wir darnach trachten, dass die Kinder einen christlichen Unterricht liaben konnen, und dass wir tiichtige Manner als Prediger und Lelirer ausbilden. Dann muss alles wohlgelien, denn das ist unsere Pfliclit, und Gott wird seinen Segen dazugeben.

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PHILOSOPHIA OBITER MB ATA A DEO ABDUCIT; SED FUNDITUS EX1IAUSTA AD DEUM I)UCIT. Wenn wir sie nur oberflaclilich betreiben, fiilirt uns die Philosophie weg von Gott; studiercn wir sie aber grundlich, so fiihrt sie uns zu Gott.

Otto J. Eckert, Riga, Mich.

Das Pliilosophieren ist eine gef.ahrliche Sache und fiihrt oft auf Irrwege. Das hat auch schon der englische Philosoph Baco von Verulam erkannt. Von ihm stammt der benihmto Spruch: Philosophia obiter libata a deo abducit; sed funditus exhausta ad deum ducit.

Oberiflachliche Philosophie fiihrt weg von Gott. Aber kein philo­ soph isches Nachdenken kann (lirekt zur wahren Gotteserkenntnis fuhren; derm die rechte Philosophie fuhrte nur zu clem Schluss, class es ein hohercs Wesen geben muss. Auch etliche Eigenschaften desselben konncn (lurch sie erkannt werden.

Dass die Philosophie von Gott wegfiihrt, wenn man sie nur oberfliichlich bctreibt, ist ebenso unwiflerlich als, class sie zu Gott fiilirt, wenn griindlich geforscht wircl. Der seichte Philosoph meint, es gebe keinen Gott und widerlegt dessen Dasein durch eben die Saclion. die ilin iiberzeugen sollten. Er hat vielleicht Naturwissenschaft, Mathematik und Losjik studiert. Hier hat er bestimmte Re­ gel n gelernt und denkt sicli nun alles logisch aus. Er denkt aber nicht daran, dass es einen gibt, der iiber diesen Dingen steht, dessen Gescliopf sozusagen diese logischen Verhaltnisse sind. Daher nmclit er diese Verhaltnisse zu seinem Gott, und weil sie ihm nicht sagen, es gebe einen Gott, gibt es nach seiner Meinung auch keinen Das muss und wircl jeder grundliclie Forsclier erkennen, class wir wenn wir an fan gen, die Dinge (lieser Welt zu erklaren, nur die allerwenigsten allein aus der Vernunft erklaren lconnen. Trotzdem existieren sie (loch. Bis zu einem gewissen Punkt konnen wir kommen, und dann stehen wir vor rtem Unendlichen. Hier muss clann einer, der griindlich nachdenkt, aus der wunderbaren Beschaffenheit des Universums auf ein hoheres Wesen scbliessen, wahrend der oberflachliche Denker hier auf Irrwege geraten wird.

Wie wollen denn die Atheisten nun die Bntstehung aller Dinge erklaren? “Das ist leicht, sagen sie, die Welt hat sich eben von selbst entwickelt.” “Woraus denn?” fragt man. “Aus dem Urkeim,” ertont die nacli ihrer Meinung alles erldarende Antwort.

Sehen wir uns aber nur die physischen und raoralischen Wunder an, die dieser Urkeim ganz aus sich selbst hervorgebracht hat! Selbst wenn wir annahmen, dass die Welt aus einem Urkeim enstanden —95—

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sei, so miiBSte doch. etwas sein, das den Urkeim gemacht und ihm die Kraft gegeben hat, sich in angeblich so und so vielen Millionen Jahren zu dem wunderbaren Weitall zu entwickeln. Diese Evolutionstheorie ist praktisch durchaus niclit bewiesen, im Gegenteil scheint vielmehr oft eine Devolution stattzufinden.

Andere behaupten, dass die Welt durch Zufall entstanden sei.

Wie kann denn etwas aus Zufall entstanden sein, wo niclits war?

Die wunderbare Einrichtung der Welt sollte doch walirlicli beweisen, dass sie nicht aus Zufall entstanden ist. Bs ist ebenso, als wenn man sagt, Homers Schriften seien dadurch enstanden, dass man einei Handvoll griechisclier Buchstaben. genommen und sie blindlings ausgestreut habe. Ganz durch Zufall seien sie dann so gefallen, dass sie die Worte, Zeilen und Bucher der homerischen Sclirifteu gebildet haben. Der Geist Homers, der diese Bucher verfasst hat, muss gross gewesen sein; aber wie viel grosser muss nicht der schaffende Geist sein, der diese Welt ins Dasein gerufen hat?

Einen grossen Anstoss meinen jene Philosophen daran zu finden, dass es scheinbar so viel Ungerechtigkeit auf dieser Welt gibt.

Meistens aber sind die Menschen selbst daran Schuld. Das sehen sie freilicli nicht ein. Sie denken auch niclit daran, dass es ein Leben nach dem Tode gibt, in dem diese Ungleichheiten ausgeglichen werden konnten, wenn sie es nicht schon vorher sind. Und gar oft werden sie zugeben miissen, dass es wunderbare Fiigungen Gottes sein konnen und deswegen oft das grosste Unrecht das hochste Recht ist. Gehen sie der Sache auf den (Grund, so musscn sie gestehen, dass sie rein garnichts dariiber wissen.

Alle diese oben angefiihrten Argumente sind Resultate eines oberflachlichen Gebrauchs der Philosophie. Es fallt auf, dass sie alle logisch und dennoch sehr unlogiscli sind. Die letzte Ursache wlrd durch sie niemals erklart, und so gibt es denn eine Wivkung ohne Ursache. Zweitens sind sie sehr einseitig, indem sie alles lo­ gisch erklaren wollen. Die Logik ist an und fur sich an ihrem Platze hochst wichtig. Sie muss aber an der rechten Stelle gebrauclit wer­ den. Tyrannin ist sie iiberall niclit; wenigstens niclit unsere armselige, verfinsterte Logik.

Der Mensch hat aber auch eine fiihlende und wollende und nicht nur eine denkende Seele. Und oft muss der Verstand durcli die Gefuhle und Triebe erleuchtet werden und sie zu Rate ziehn (wie z. B. in der Asthetik und Sittenlehre). So sind z. B. auch viele Beweise fur das Dasein (Gottes gerade in den Gefuhlen und Trieben zu finden. Denn in Wirklichkeit gibt es nichts auf dieser Welt, das absolut logisch erklart werden kann nach unserer jetzt unvollkommenen Logik. Warum soil man dann verlangen, dass gerade die —96—

Max f. stern.

Gentleman both stern and strong, Fit leader for the martial throng.

Max has worked his way up the ladder and is now bidding his Alma Mater farewell. He was President of his class for the past two years, President of the Philomathean Literary Society, and Captain of the military company.

KURT A. TIMMEL. The best of liis ways To lengthen his days.

Was to steal a few hours from night.

Kurt was a fine fellow, and a good college man. He was Vice President of his class, President of tho chorus, as an athlete captain of the baseball team for this year, and asso­ ciate editor of the Black and Red.

ROLAND II. KHEMER. There is little twixt heaven and earth un­ touched by Kremer’s philosophy.

Roly had a business turn of mind and as a consequence was chosen for positions requir­ ing business ability. He was secretary of the class for the year, business manager of the Black and Red, and manager of the baseball team.

MELVIN W. CROLL. In resonant tones he bids the hours “linger yet a while."

Immune to woman heretofore, lie now is prey to feminine guile.

Melvin has showed his ability as a student, and we are sorry to have him leave us, but on the other hand we rejoice that he has won his first medal in the preparation to meet and con­ quer the world. A man of sound judgment, he was a friend worth having.

OTTO J. ECKERT. Israel had its Solomon, Northwestern had its Eckert.

Otto was and still is an ardent student of the classics, and his ambition is to be a linguist. .In a few years we have hopes of seeing Otto a professor of languages in some university.

Now don’t disappoint us, Eckert.

WALDEMAR M. HEIDTKE. The sun never sets upon the realms of Jim’s ambition.

Jim lias proved himself a good chum and a pleasant fellow to work in harmony with. He was recognized as a master of English volub­ ility, and held the distinguished position of editor-in-chief of the Black and Red. He was also President of the Phi Gamma Rho Literary Society.

ERIC J. KUPFER. He was a phantom of delight.

Merry and pleasing to our sight.

Eric, proved no exception to the rule that corpulent men are jolly. He was always think­ ing of little pleasantries to cheer us during the lonely hours: however, he did not make light fork. of his studies, but applied himself to his w___ He was manager of the l'oot-ball team, and athletic editor of the Black and Red.

ERIC E. LA HAINE. He made mountains of mole-hills, and spar­ rows he shot with cannon.

Eric’s last name iri French means hate, but we found no trace of that passion in him dur­ ing his years at Northwestern. He came to us a laughing fellow from the Michigan Luth­ eran Seminary, and he is one of the reasons why Michigan is known to us in Wisconsin.

:.. . .馨 GERHARt) PRESS. As Press was merry we rejoice with him, As he was ambitions we honored him.

But as he is a graduate we say farewell to him.

Gerhard hails from far-off Nebraska, and he is an ardent supporter of that state. Press was a typical college student, a good athlete, and all around good fellow. His loss will easily be noticed in the athletic field. He did not, however, neglect his studies, but did his work in a creditable manner.

CARL J. SPILMAN. Jacob is my middle name, From pole to pole extends my fame.

Carl has devoted much of his time to wireless, and perhaps the poles for the antennae are meant. He has also specialized in piano playing and is one of our best pianoists. But Carl also shows his talents in classes and has made good at his studies.

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HERMAN A. SCHERF. "The heights by great men reached and kept Were not attained by sudden flight; But they while their companions slept, Were toiling upward in the night."

Herman has proved himself a diligent stu­ dent and his reward comes at his graduation.

He has worked hard and long while others were °ut enjoying the freedom of the world. By diligent application he has thus far achieved success and at his present rate he will soon be recognized in the world.

ALMA E. HARTWI6. 丨 Skinny.”

Hobbies: Giggling.

"Won't they miss me next year?"

HELEN H. KORTEGAST. “Hella.”

Hobbies: Boat riding and ex’s in shorthand.

"Her very frowns are fairer far Than smiles of other maidens are.”

HAZEL V. LASKEY. “Hans."

Hobbies: Great musicians.

"Have you not heard it said full oft, A woman's nay doth stand for naught.'

DORIS B. OTT. “Mousie.”

Hobbies: Traveling.

“I slept, and dreamt that life was beauty; I woke, and found that life was duty.”

ERNA E. ROHR. “Ernie.”

Hobbies: Gazing at the tall ones.

“The sigh that rends thy constant heart Shall break thy Edwin’s too."

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EDNA H. SETZ. ••Setzie.”

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Hobbies: Stairway whisperings.

••She loves but one—at a time.”

MARTHA D. WETZEL. “Tillie.”

Hobbies: Frenchmen.

"Life is short, and so am I.”

THEODORE B. BOLLE. “Balls.”

Hobbies: Growing tall.

For just experience tolls in every soil That those that think must govern those that toU."

GERHARD A. EICKMANN. “Butch.”

Hobbies: The Great White Way. “Oh what a deal of scorn looks beautiful In the contempt and anger of his lip.”

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t GEORGE W. FROEHLICH. “Happy.”

Hobbies: Automobiles.

"Happy am I; from care I’m free!”

ERWIN G. KOEPSELL. “Kep.” Hobbies: Park benches.

"The hawthorn bush, with seats beneath the shade, For talking age and whispering lovers made.”

CLEMENT 0. KLUGE. “Clem.”

Hobbies: Whacking butts.

“Thou say’st an undisputed thing, In such a solemn way.”

RAYMOND C. NORTON. “Snorkey.”

Hobbies: Comparing his length to a cigar.

“Small in width and short in height, ’Tis his mind that shineth bright.”

RUDOLPH W. MOSKOPF. ••Rudy."

Hobbies: Early morning hours.

"Behold how" brightly breaks the morn!

Though bleak our lot, our hearts are warm.'

ARTHUR C. SCHAEFER. “Tony.”

Hobbies: Stealing home and arguing.

“His conduct still right, with his argument wrong.”

FRED W. STUEBER. "Stueb.”

Hobbies: Curly hair and week ends.

"Stately and tall he moves in the hall The chief of a thousand for grace.”

Religion logisch erklart wercle? Welcher Mensch mit einer gesunden Seele handelt absolut logisch? Und welche Sprache ist absolut logisch zu erklaren? Die Saclien miissen genommen werden, wie sie sind, ohne Erkljirung, und das gesunde Gefiihl des Menschen fdas ist der Gesamtausdruck der seelischen Fjihigkeiten) wird ihn am richtigsten unterweisen. Schliesslich wird dies auch logisch sein, obwohl wir es niclit immer erkennen. Freilich ist auch hier das menschliche Irren niclit. ans.c：eschlossen. Es ist. eben nichts mehr vollkommen. Die reclite Wissenschaft und Philosophic ist deshalb nicht zu yerachten: denn sie ist iinstallde, den Menschen zu Gott zu fiihren, wenn sie grundlich betrieben wird. Was sind die Folgen eines so】c】ien gnindlichen Sturliuins derselben?

Wor gnindlicli und mil. Verst.and studiert. und nachdenkt. weiss. dass df»r menschlichen Vermin ft ganz bestimmte Grenzen g;esetzt sind, iiber die sie nicht hi nans kann. Es ist. dafiir ^esortg, dass die Baume nicht in den Hiinmel wachsen. Er weiss auch, dass die Vernunft. allein niclit bei solclien Frauen enfscheiden kann, sondern dass hier auch die Gefiihle und Treibe des Mensclien in Prage kommen. Vor allem aber ist er auch in seiner Logik Consequent und schliosst von der Wirkung auf die Ursache.

Aus der Erfahrun,c： weiss er. class er keine Wirkung ohne Ur­ sa die gibt, und scliliesst claraus rich tie：, class auch diese Welt einen TTrheber hat, inul weiss, class eine so zweckmassigo Einrichtuncc der Welt nur die Arbeit eines gewaltigen Geistes sein kann. An Zufall ist hier nicht zu denken.

Auch erkermt. er, dass es einpn geben muss, rler der Welt, pine solcbe sittliche Ordninig p：e?：eben lmf, dass selbst die grossten Ausbriichc der Siinde sie nicht ganzlicli zorstoren konnen. Dass diese Ordmni客 von Mensclien stammt, wirrl keiner behaupten konnen.

Den stfirksten Beweis aber findet er in seinem eigenen Herzen, von wo aus die unsterbliche Sfirmnft seines Gewissens ihm zuruft, **Purchte dich! Gott sieht es!” Die Stimme seines Gewissens deutet ihm die Porderunsen Gottes an. Ja. selbst bei den abgestumpftesten Siindern finden wir noch Stucke des Moralgesetzes. TJnd wo ein solclies Gesetz ist, muss auch ein :Gesetzgeber sein. Die ganze Tnnerlichkeit des Mensclien sagt ihm. dass dies Gott ist.

Der vernimfti^e Mensch wird diese Schliisse nicht unbeachtet lassen. Sie fiihren ihn zur ■Oberzeu^uns:. class es einen Gott. pibt.

Der wahre dreieinig：e Gott kann aber nicht durch die Philosophie erkannt werden. Wir erkennen ihn. weil er uns in der Schrift ?:eoffenbaret ist, nicht mit der Yernimft, sondern durch den Glauben, der hoher als die Vernunft ist. Was von den grossten Philosopher! nicht erkannt worden ist noch erkannt werden kann, wird durch den Glauben, der von Gott kommt, klar und gewiss erkannt.

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THE BLACK AND RED PnblitktdMonlKlr hy the Stud«nt« of the Northwottern College.

EDITORIAL STAFF EDWIN A JASTER, »2l WM. P. HOLZHAUSEN. »2I Associate Editor

EDITOR-IN-CHIEF

BUSINESS MANAGERS

.R. HILLMBR, »2I F. BOLLE, »2I

BUSINESS MANAGER ADVERTISING MANAGER

DEPARTMENT EDITORS DUDLEY H. ROHDA, *22 ' HN B. HERRMANN，2J 」NUS H. WINTER, *22 NORMAN E. GARTZKE »23 GUSTAV O. KRAUSE, »22

EXCH ANGBS ATHL ET COLLEGE IOTBS OCALS CAMPUS AND CLASSROOM

Confrtbuttoiii to the Littrarr Department arc requested from AlUmnf and unefergraduatt*. AH Utet^ry nuttier ahouldbc addressed to the Editor-in-Chld and all buatnc«s communlCAtlona to the Bunintai Manager.

The terms of sufctcrlptiona tre I DolUt per annum，payable In advance. S>!nffl« cop!t09 I Staoux not acccotcd la wwmikX. NotUr uc i(，ou wlih your «ddre«s chansxd or your oao «r dticontlnu«d» AdTerttilag rates (urnlahcd upon appHcatlon.

Tkt Bkek %mi IsforwArdcd to allsubicribtra until order for Ita dljcontlnuanc* la fcc«lv«d ot th« «tib Beriberis more than one 了 c美r tn arrcAri* Bntcrtd at Poitofflcc ol Watertown, Wi«.9as accond-da«s matter.

Ebitomls EDUCATIONAL VALUATION. Many of our newspapers and magazines publish the business successes of certain men who have acquired their wealth through their own efforts. At the same time they tell us the most-cherished advice of these men to the younger generation who are to continue their business. This advice is, “Get an education.” In fact any man past forty who knows what is is to start a business with only a meagre education will strongly advocate the education of the youth and will send his son through as many schools as possible that he will not have to cope with the difficulties with which his father wrestled. Every man now realizes that more can be accomp—98—

lished in less time where the hands are directed by a skilled mind.

So the value of an education is apparent, but that is as far as our business men force the point; they do not consider where and how the young men are to obtain their education. They do not calculate the value of the persons who impart the education to them, to their • sons, to their employees.

To be sure there are school-houses in every city, town, hamlet, and at the cross-roads; some imposing structures, others dilapid­ ated, but all for the purpose of educating tlie youth. There are nor­ mal schools, colleges, and universities, indeed there is no lack of school-buildings. To all apperancos 710 youth can complain that he lacked a. place to gain knowledge, but; the iniporfant issue has been overlooked. The buildings do not educate. To illustrate this point, let us take a business lrmn’s example. There are thousands of factories all over tlio United States, but of what advantage would the buildings be if they did not house adequate machinery, skillfully operated. Of what educational value are the brick walls and the imposing entrance of a school-house? The school is also a. factory, but of far greater importance than the buildings commonly called factories. T-Tore tlie character of the child is sent to be molded, and the raw, untutored youngster is expected to leave this building with the polish of knowledge. The walls, the school-rooms, the desks do not help him, only the intricate machinery of books operated by onpnblo hnnds can fit him out for the world. It is a common axiom: the more capable the instructor, the more learned the pupil may become.

How necessary the munition factories were during the war! Of greater importance are the schools. On these the real strength of a country depends, here are shaped the destinies of a nation; for the wealth of a country is not tlio. gold and silver, blit the people, and if the people are uneducated the Ipnd is poor indeed. Several cen­ turies ago the strensrth of a country did depend or* the number and the strength of the people, but who can say that of the present day.

We could have twenty thousand fighting men. fully armed—an irre­ sistible force—on a transport, and one torpedo, the product of one man’s fertile brain could destroy them. Brute force has lost its pres­ tige, and’now ^knowledge is power.” Now more than ever before, the schools should be encouraged to nrepare the people for this ad­ vanced period of knowledge, and by schools, instructors are meant.

Still the school-question occupies very little space in the annals of our history. The fate of a nation now rests on the wisdom of its subjects, and no one deep down in his heart doubts that it would be folly to neglect education. Then why do we?

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We neglect the people who shape and mold the young American, namely the teachers and the professors. If one of our successful business men who advocates education would be asked to sit in a room from nine in the morning until four in the afternoon, and talk to and worry over a number of children, at a salary of eighty-five to a hundred dollars a month, imagine the look of surprise that would be apparent on his countenance at the audacity of such a re­ quest. Really no more need be said—we are not fair to the teacher, and we expect too much for a little. The man who watches the lathe in a factory, receives seven dollars a day, the instructor who benefits mankind and his country every hour he works, receives three dollars a day. And though few people believe it, the teacher’s day is twenty-four hours.

Is the government going to neglect its strength? Somebody said, “Millions for defense, but not one cent for tribute/* and the American spirit approved of this statement. The opposite is now becoming true. Millions to foreign countries, millions for appro­ priations, but not one cent for defense, and the defense of a nation is no longer its brawn, it is its brain.

If absolutely necessary, we could sell the grand school-build­ ings, erect cheap structures and with the balance of the money in­ crease the wages of the teachers and instructors. But who feels this is necessary in our country. Let the buildings stand, they help stimulate an interest, but let the business man who believes in an education, let every man pay to the schools according to the value lie derives from them, and he knows that this is not slight, in fact he knows that the present world would be impossible without schools. The teachers could soon show up the value of the schools by declaring a sympathetic strike. Let the government appropri­ ate yearly and encourage teachers in their work of defending tlie J. future of the nation.

THE RACE AFTER RICHES. The spirit that dominates our democracy at the present day is adverse to that of our forefathers. The people at the time of Wash­ ington and Lincoln led a simple life, and their standard of morals stood at a higher level than does that of present generation, At these times high ideals and thoughts flourished; they found fertile soil among both rich and poor. Every one was hospitable and helped his neighbors whenever the opportunity offered. The peace 一100—

and love they had for one another made them a unit. The strength of a nation lies with its soul; the more pure it is morally, the more potent a factor it is among the first-class nations.

Nowadays all of these flourishing conditions have disappeared almost without a trace, and the people have joined in the race that threatens to engulf us in the crater of imperialism and tyranny—the race after riches. The pillars on which our democracy now rests are trembling. We now falsely believe that the wealthiest nations are the worthiest and most enduring. The younger generation flees from the farm with its coarse, simple life and finds self-forgetful­ ness in the noise and bustle of the cities, where high ideals and standards of perfection find unproductive soil. Even the great war, which was fought for humanity has now been officially declared to have been purely a commercial war.

What are we building our navies, organizing huge armies, and constructing aeroplanes for? For honor and glory? No. That is a thing of the past. For humanity? No. Wholesale murder is not humanity. What we want is money, money, money! What we Americans of to-day must learn is how to shake off the shackles o' greed, and make the dollar his servant. Capitalism, the most avari cons and nefarious miser of them all, is a wound in the side of oui fair democracy. It is a blight to those who exercise it, as it is to the masses who are its victims. The capitalists have such unnoticed, yet growing power in Washington as the regents of Europe would never dream of having. Rome went to pieces because of its wealth and pomp. It began with the upper classes, the ancient usurers.

The lower classes, naturally, imitated them with the result that the influx to the capital was so great that the farms were deserted and the land left to its fate. The people rotted morally. On this same highway of destruction we are now travelling; most of the other nations also. The sun of democracy, with all its brightness and splendor, is setting.

The race after the dollar, truly called Almighty dollar, it being the idol and god for must of us, is sure to destroy that fine pattern of democracy which our ancestors modeled in Independence Hall in Philadelphia. We are standing on the verge of ruin. We have be­ come imperial and believers in arbitrary rule. America is standing at the parting of the ways. It is not yet too late to turn back from the way that leads to destruction, if we abondon the race after riches and settle down to the pure and simple life of former days. And all of us should join in the pursuit of the happiness which springs J. H.,，21. out of a contented and refined soul.

—101—

r ^MtxiAx妙況成J A YEAR. The mighty finger of time again points to the end of a schoolyear, and thousands of young people from all over the world lay down tlieir implements and rest from the long hours of school-work.

If each student makes a retrospect of the year, many will be satis­ fied with, the knowledge of having done their duty, many become passively aware tliat they have shirked, others realize that they have failed miserably. The semesters are over, nothing can recall the time; and have not many trampled on the opportunities offered dur­ ing the year, and willfully destroyed the chance to gain knowledge?

How happy teachers and professors would be, if in their retrospec­ tion they could say, “Every one of my pupils did his duty;M how grat­ ifying it would be to parents, if they knew that their children had nobly spent their time at study; how pleased we students should be, if we could say that we have conscientiously striven to take the best advantage of this year of our training, and realize the advance in our wisdom. Here, are three parties whom every student could please; is it not worth striving for? Praise from those three sources is a grand prize, and if such a wreath awaits the student at his gradaation, he has made a big advancement toward recognition in the cold hard court of life.

But many a student did not gain satisfaction ami he leaves the school with a sigh of relief, and with a shudder like that of o pris­ oner released from a damp, dark dungeon. He takes up some o cupation, perhaps farming, which is the important issue this year, i*acl for a time finds momentary relief. He is free from studies, lie li>'.s pleasant times, but fond memories of school come back lo him. The hardships are forgotten, he only has pleasant reminiscences, and an indescribable longing grips him. That longing should decide him. He wants to go back to school, but, when lie thinks of the troubles of those many days, he does not want to. There is only one thing to do, and that is: start this next year differently.

The main reason for a school is study, and study occupies most of the student’s time. To most students study is no pleasure, and their little joys come during free time or time they take free, It is self-evident that these few joys do not overbalance the drudgery of study, but why study drudgery? The student does not faithfully do the required work for each day, and if he fails miserably in but one recitation during the day his happiness is spoiled. The student who is prepared each day and pays the necessary attention in class must find pleasure in his work, because he feels a great pride in his accomplishments and every day will be a perfect day. God lias given —102—

man the privilege of making himself miserable or happy in outward things, so why not take advantage of this privilege? Convince the body, which is a veritable pessimist, that recitation periods and study hours are not joy killers, and the next year will run along much more smoothly. If the old plan did not fit, then follow this new plan for the next year.

After the rest which vacation affords, let us come back, resolved conscientiously to do our duty with the aid of the professors and we are bound to turn the indicator of the balance scale in the direction of pleasure. Let us make a good start by preparing each day and then continue to the end at a steady pace. The term to be applied is not scliool-play but school-work. Remember the three parties whom we can please; tlieir approbation is worth gaining. J.—

—Adolpli Charles Baebenroth, ’04, who has been professor of Eng­ lish at Syracuse University since 1906, has become a member of the Department of English of Columbia University, New York City. On April 29 lie passed the examination for the degree of Doctor of Phil­ osophy in English and Comparative Literature. Within the year he expects to publish a book based in liis thesis. His address is, Palisade, New Jersey.

—Ed. Dallniaim, com.’】9, who is now with the II. T. Watson Co., of Chicago, drove up in his automobile to visit with members of the faculty, May 29. He is a salesman for roofing and asbestos pro­ ducts and, while not on the route, makes his home at Indianapolis, Indiana.

—The Rev. H. Markwortli, ’91，formerly stationed at State Cen­ ter, Iowa, has removed to St. Louis, Mo. —103—

L

一The Rey. P. Uetzmann, ’95, of Wrightstown, Wis., motored to Watertown to enjoy the concert, May 14, and spent the following two days with his sons and other relatives in the neighborhood of this city. 一The Rev. Ph. Froelilke, ’16，of Neenah, Wis” visited with the tutors, May 21. He was on his way home from Zumbrota, Minn., where he had attended tlie funeral of F. Schleicher, ex ’16.

—The Rev. H. Wojahn, ,07, of Waukesha, Wis., spent the after­ noon of May 27 witli members of the faculty. He soon became affect­ ed with the baseball fever and participated in a game between the Northwestern faculty and the College first team.

—Mr. Herman Kionka, a former student of N. W. C., renewed old acquaintances at Watertown, May 25. He is now a traveling sales­ man for a diamond firm in New York.

—Tutor Ed. Hahn, ’16, spent May 8-9 with Rev. Ph. Koehler at Fox Lake and May 23-24 with friends at Trenton.

—Prof. Sigmund Probst, ’09，Prof. Theo. Binliammer, ’17，and tutor P. Eickmann, ’16, were in Milwaukee, May 22-24.

—Prof. H. Parisins, ’13, traveled to Milwaukee, May 17. __―C. F. Fuelling, *16, who is an instructor at the Luther Institute, Chicago, visited with the tutors, May 28-31. At the close of the school term, however, he will take charge of a congregation at Yorkville, 111.

—On May 27, the following members of the graduating class at the Theological Seminary at Wauwatosa, were given calls: O. jGruendemann, ’17，to Marion Springs, Midi” W. Gutzke, ’17，to Spalding, Mich., E. Kiessling, ’17, to Kaukawlin, Mich., Cli. Kock, ’17, to Midway, Minn., F. Kolander, ’17, to Mansfield, Wash., P. Naumann, ’17，to Sterling, Minn., C. Plocher, *17, to Star Prairie, Wis., C. Schmelzer, ’17, to Brewster, Nebr., A. Westendorf,，1G, to Flint, Mich., W. Zank, ’16, to Bunsville, Iowa, C. Schmidt, ex，1S，to Monticello, Minn., P. Weindorf, (’17, St. Paul) to Cibicue, Ariz., A. Koehler (’17, St. Paul) to So. St. Paul, Minn.

—Aug. Luepke, a former commercial student, is now with the Diamond Motor Co., of Chicago.

—John T. Nieghorn，’07, of Great Lakes T. T. S., was in Watertown on business, May 14.

—Harold Schumann, com. graduate, will graduate this spring from the commerce course at the University of Wisconsin.

—The Rev. Theo. Bauer, *16, of Mission, S. D., will be married June 3. 一Walter Klingmann, ex ’20, will receive liis degree of B. A. at the —104—

f

^:|

University of Michigan this spring. At present he is a freshman in the Medical Department. 一H. Schaefer, *17, of the Nash Motor Co., Kenosha, was here for our annual concert, May 14.

—The Rev. Benj. Schlueter, ’00，of Markesan, Wis., and the Rev. W. Heidtke, of Crivitz, Wis., were the guests of Waldemar Heidtke, ’20, on June 1.

—Alvin Sellujalin, ex ’20, who is attending the University of Wis­ consin, was seen in Watertown on May 31.

m On the evening of May fourteenth the musical organizations of the college rendered our twentieth annual concert. The event was well advertised and a heavy advance sale of tickets indicated that we should have a large crowd to accommodate. But by far the larger number of tickets were sold at the door, for a more ideal con­ cert evening could not have been chosen in all May. Long before the concert was to begin throngs of people walked along the side­ walks beneath the old elms, and wended their way around the sprin­ ter, and entered the open doors of our gymnasium, which was soon packed with probably the largest audience that ever attended a mu­ sical entertainment given by the students of Northwestern.

The following was the program rendered: 1. Orchestra— — Director, Prof. E. Wendland. a) March____________________ Ethelbert Nevin b) A song of Love_____________ ________ Balfe c) Selections from Bohemian Girl 2. Quartette— Pinsuti Good Night, (Good Night, Beloved_ Soprano, Miss Anna Wegner; Alto, Miss Ruth Bolle; Tenor, Kurt Timmel; Bass, Carl Bolle.

3. Trio— R. Schuman a) Im Liebesgarten ___J. Pache b) Standchen____ V. Reim, Violin; I. Boettcher, Cello; C. Bolle, Piano.

—105—

L44,

Chorus— —

Director, Prof. C. Bolle.

The Crusaders* Departure Orchestra Accompaniment.

4. Violin Solo— — Victor P. Reim.

!•：

rr!.

Chorus— Abendglocken 7. Brass Quartette— Selection_____ Cornets, I. Uetzmann, V. Winter; Baritones, M. Buenger, J. List.

8. Band— — Director, Prof. G. Westerhaus. a) Hungarian Dance No. 5_____ b) Selections from Faust______ c) March—Salute to Washington

6.

Pilke J. Raff M. Schumacher

____ Brahms ____ Gounod W. II. Kiefer

The music was opened by the orchestra with the march, Under the Double Eagle which was given with snap and vim, and as regards intonation and time was very good, in fact the best selection rend­ ered by the orchestra that night. In the Selection from the Bohe­ mian Girl, which was somewhat long, the wind instruments did not so well as in the opening number. A surprise, however, in the longer piece was Mr. Krenke’s beautiful clarinet cadenzas. The different runs were played perfectly, liis tones all being pure aud clear. The cadenzas formed excellent transitions from one strain to another. It was very obvious in every selection that the orches­ tra was well drilled.

The vocal quartette was more than fine. Although these sing­ ers were only newly organized, their first attempt on the stage was a great success. Especially remarkable was the harmony and hold­ ing of the pitcli. The encore did not quite come up to the standard set by them in the first selection. The string trio, another of our newer organizations, was without a flaw. The piano blended very well with, the string instruments, which were played with good melodic expression.

The chorus again came with a reputation. So long as we have been fortunate enough to have Prof. Bolle’s services as director, we have had a fine chorus. But to uphold the showing of former years was a great task indeed. We have this year a cliorus of over seventy .

—106—

members, of which large number many are beginners and are as yet somewhat unskilled in vocal music. Yet the harmony and sing­ ing on this evening was excellent and betrayed no weakness whatever except for the inability at times of the tenors properly to hold their pitch. This one blemish was overcome in good order in the Crusader’s Departure, where the voices were accompanied by an orchestra. Mr, Reim’s violin solo gave the singers a chance to rest and refresh their voices. Without doubt the violinist has a natural gift for melodic expression, which was certainly displayed that night. His tones were prefectly pure and showed his skill at the bow.

Prof. Martin Schumacher of Jefferson did us a great honor in dedicating to the chorus liis own production, “Abendglocken.” This composition contains some wonderful harmonic effects, all of which, however, could not be brought out on account of the slight drop­ ping of the higher voices; nevertheless the expression and enun­ ciation were very good, and the applause that followed, did not cease until the chorus again appeared with an encore.

Another marked success was the brass quartette. Many people enjoyed this playing more than any other of the evening, but un­ doubtedly the unusualness of such a combination of instruments was to some extent the cause for that impression. Others enjoyed this music on account of the harmony and smoothness which prevailed throughout the two selections.

The band came on with unusual vivacity. Although the bari­ tones were at times slightly too loud for the finer melodies, the time was good and exact. We are especially thankful to Professor Westerhaus for the applause we received on Gounod’s Faust, which was carefully drilled, and in which the melodies were very beauti­ ful. A vast improvement was noticed in the work of the band dur­ ing the year. The concert was fittingly closed by a snappy march, Salute to Washington.

It was not our object in these comments to pick out the faults in the music nor to pick out the better parts in order to praise them, but simply to give the general opinion of the hearers as correctly as possible. These criticisms were sanctioned by the judgment of a noted Watertown musician and composer, who was present that night. Our concert was ont below former concerts; on the contrary, we are sure to have dismissed one of the most satisfied audiences that ever occupied the college auditorium. * # * # Now is the time of the year when it is well worth while to be­ long to our college band. The season is now beginning where the —107—

i 娜; tastaCTnnt

Tcarrr

cliurclies of this vicinity are celebrating their school picnics or their annual mission festivals, for many of which our band is asked to furnish the music. Such was the case on Pentecost Monday, when the band accepted an invitation to play at the picnic of the Zion Lutheran Parochial School at Columbus. The boys, dressed in tlieir new khaki uniforms, left on the 12:04 train all full of “pep and gin­ ger/* and after they had paraded Main Street of Columbus and had formed a circle on one of the chief street intersections, they played T. Uetzmann’s favorite selection, “Sally Trombone,M which brought the people flocking together from stores and houses, so that in a few minutes the sidewalks on that street crossing were packed. Hav­ ing rendered a few other snappy marches, the band proceeded to the new Fireman’s Park, which was the scene of the picnic. A bountiful dinner filled the players with still more vigor. This was very necessary, for all afternoon strains of music were issuing from another quarter of the park. An old grind-organ from a merry-goround appeared to be running competition and evidently won out. for at every remission even the band boys themselves were seen enjoying the organ music on the galloping horses. As was expected the greatest number of people appeared in the evening. The automobiles alone occupied almost the entire ground of (he exten­ sive park. Under Professor Westerliaus, direction (he band again went through the selections of the concert and (hen coni inueil play­ ing until after 10:00 p. m. After a short lunch the boys entered automobiles, turned their backs on Columbus and on (lie setting moon and arrived safely in Watertown after midnight, with the last­ ing impression of another very good time on their mind.

一Wahrend des Monats haben uns folgende besucht: die I Terre n P. Eickmann, W. Zank, M. Stern, Professor A. Voss von dor liiesigen Stadt, Prof. C. Fuelling von Chicago, Talmud Schaefer, Kurt Timmel, Pastoren Bar. Vollmers, Pealy Proelilke, Lehrer Zarwell, Pas­ tor, Bodamer, Herren H. Kock und Hohenstein.

Am 15. Mai haben wir uns liach Watertown benommen, uni Con­ cert zu horen und Ball zu spielen. Wir haben uns selir ergotzen. 一Herr A. Westendorf reisste nach Minnesota, um dem Begriibnis unsers Mitstudenten, Friedrich Schleichers, beizuwohnen.

—108—

―Unser Garten is nun endlich gepflanzt. Wir hoffen nachsten September davon zu essen, wie das in Gottingen Mode ist. 一Herr Lau, unser Magazinolist, hat an einem Tage sechs Mause kaltbliitig umgebracht, dagegen hat Herr Schmelzer eine und dieselbe Mans an einem Tage seclismal getotet. 一ITerr Timniel, was der Raymond ist, und Herr Hoenecke die zweite, haben sich Stroliliute angeschafft, und gedenken dieselben sine qua lion z« tragen.

—Unserc Road ist nun endlich gepaved, und itzliche von uns haben die Miihe genommen, uin die Umgegend des Gebaudes, strapatzenartig aufzuprotzen.

—)Vir haben dies Jalir IYj Tonnen Kolilen verbrannt.

Wir braucliten nicht viel I-Iitze, da Ilerr Krauss nicht immer hier war.

—Ilerr Arthur Voss, weiland vom Seminar, hat seinen 21. Geburtstag gefeicrt. Wie er behaptet, sollte er 24 Jahre alt sein, aber er war drei Jahre krank. Wir beschenkten ihn reichlich.

—Herr Blakewell hat sich eine Buechners Handkonkordanz angeschafft, und Herr Vohs, das ist Luther, steht ihm bei.

—Unser Frauenverein hat beschlossen, nicht mehr aus Jack Roostand zu lesen, sondern Dime Ilans Kock isl beauftragt eine neue Exegese zu liefern. 一Herr Timmel liat fiir nachstes Jahr das Amt des Haarentferners iibernommen, da Ilerr Schmelzer unser Barbier, uns dies Jahr verlasst. Herr Timmel 】mt neue Metlioden, z. B., bei der Wurzel herausziehen, shampoos, shoe-sliines, und er behauptet, er werde das Ilaar kammen ohnc kosten.

—Der Racquet Club ist in vollem Sch'vimge.

—Unser Bachelors' Club hat ein neues Mitglied im Sturm Wacker genommen.

—'Varum weinen die Kinder auf der Sudseite wenn’s ihnen verweigert wil’d zu selien, wie Herr Krauss Morgens zur Arbeit geht?

—109—

t

I

，息吸|

WHITEWATER NORMAL 6; N. W. C. 5.

Hardly had our nine gotten over the defeat received on May 1, when the Whitewater Normal aggregation came down a week later to rob us of our scalps and let them dangle at their belts. The game began at 2:30 with cheers and yells thundering from the over-anxi­ ous throng of spectators. Whitewater took the lead in the very first inning by two hits, which netted them a counter. In the third in­ ning two more men scrossed the plate. Our first rally came in the sixth to the relief of the breathless students. Press bunted and stole second. Kurtie smacked the unwilling pill for a clean hit into deep center, scoring Press. Timmel’s steal to third was interrupted by the alert pitcher and he was called out.

Krenlce singled. Nowack, who seemed to have rattled the pitcher by his majestic (almost |Gentz-like) swing, was allowed to take his time via the first-base route—a walk. Thereupon Groth, having the im­ age of Babe Ruth in his mind, sent the ball over the left fielder’s head for a three-bagger, scoring Krenke and Nowack. In this maiir ner the score was tied, and hopes for victory began to rise. In the eighth and ninth innings our opponents secured three more scores.

Ouch! How that did hurt! A rally in the ninth with two runs fell short. Once more we were forced to accept defeat. Several errors and a few instances of dormancy on the part of several of our play­ ers made some of the spectators pass unexcuseable remarks. Let’s 一110—

1 cut that out, and try to assist them in every way possible. But let’s avoid the errors also.

WHITEWATER. Anderson 2b.

Pust 3b.-----Burton lb.

Hassett cf.

Olson p.-----Palmer If.― Demuth c. —• Van Delser rf.

Geody 88.___

AB. R. IB. PO. E. 3 0 •6 2 0 3 1 2 •4 4 8 0 ■5 0 0 .5 0 0 0 0 0 .5 0 0 0 3 5 2 0 5 0 0 0 0 2 1 0 4 41

6

8

21

N. W. C. Press cf.---Timmel 2b.

Krenke If. Nowack lb.

Groth 3b.___ Gentz rf. ___ Blerwagen ss.

Henning c.

Hinnenthal p.

1

AB. R. IB. PO. E. 2 0 0 .5 0 2 4 2 .4 0 1 0 5 0 3 .4 0 2 2 .3 .4 1 3 0 .3 0 0 3 4 0 0 0 0 ■5

35

5

7

17

5

Stolen bases—Nowack, Gentz. Two- base hits, Grady, Groth.

Bases on balls, off Olson 2, off Hinnenthal 3. Struck out, by Olson 6, Hinnenthal 10. Umpire, P. Eickraann.

SEMITVAJIY 13? N. W. C. 3.

May 15 brousclit many Seminarians here from Wauwatosa to pay their Alma Mater a visit and to match their strength with ours in baseball. They were veterans, our former stars. The very first inning K. Timmei scored on two clean hits. “Westy,” who pitched for the Seminary, twirled somewhat recklessly in the beginning, but tightened down and succeeded well in holding our men for the rest of the game. The Seminary^ first score came in the first round.

Up to the sixth the gnme was tense and the outcome doubtful. Then our opponents found their batting-eye by some mysterious twist of their sockets: they blew up onr hopes of victory and pounded the pill to almost every corner of the field. Several errors and poor support were to a great extent the cause of so large a score. Bierwagen and Npwack played a good game in the infield. The score drowned us and would have left a longer and more marked impression, had not the jolly bunch of theologians invited us to join their ring of merry­ makers, which repeatedly sent out shouts of laughter that even forced themselves into the hearts of some of our most pessimistic fellowstudents.

—Ill— —

SEMINARY. AB.-R. IB. PO. E. Lange ss •6 1 12 1 Duxe 3b.___ •6 2 0 Zeisler If.___ 0 0 .6 ■_4 0 0 Henning c.---._1 3 0 0 0 Schumacher rf.

0 Wacker 2b.—.6 3 1 .5 3 1 15 1 Falk lb.____ Gruendemann cf.…4 0 10 0 .4 2 0 0 Westendorf p.

N. W. C. Press cf.

Timmel 2b.

Krenke 3b.

Nowack lb.

Groth If.— Pankow rf.

Bierwagen 88.

Henning c. __ Hinnenthal p.

AB. R. IB. PO. E. 0 0 11 3

.4 .4 .3

.4 4

0 0 2 0 0 0

12 1 11 0 0 0 0 0 0

2 0 0 0 1

0

0

0

0

0

34 3 4 16 7 39 14 8 19 4 Bodamer batted for Westendorf in the ninth.

•Schumacher substituted for Westendorf in the end of the ninth.

Timmel substituted for Schumacher in the ninth.

Schmelzer substituted for Wacker in the eighth.

Cares substituted for Press in the seventh.

Stolen bases—Duxe, J. Henning, Westendorf, Falk 3, Gruendeman 2, Timmel, Press, Bierwagen. Two base hits—Falk, Nowack.

Three base hits—Groth, J. Henning. Hit by pitched ball一Pankow.

Struck out―by Hinnenthal 11; by Westendorf 5; by Schumacher 2.

Umpire—Eickmann.

MILTON COLLEGE 3, N. IV. C. 0.

Milton, for a long time one of our strongest opponents in the race for the baseball pennant, sent its strong team to Watertown on May 19 to turn the tables on us. Our team, having lost the two other previous games, was determined to break their losing streak and show their rivals a good run.

At 2:30 the game was called, yells from the bleachers assured our men that they were backed by every voice, male and female.

Nowack, whose knee is crippled for the season, reluctantly handed his first baseman’s mitt to Krenke for a try-out. The game was close and full of excitement from the beginning to the end. Our nine played a good, yes, an errorless game, although their batting was below normal. We only succeeded in getting three hits off their pitcher. Hinnenthal, our curver, allowed the visitors but four. Every run that Milton made was earned, but things would have looked bad for them, had they not had the pitcher they did have. A clean, sportsmanlike game was played. Our best chances to score were in the eighth with three men on bases and two men down. Bolle, how­ ever, happened to treat the pill a bit gentler than he should have; —112—

he was out on first. good support.

Hinnenthal pitched a good game and received

AB. R.IB. PO. MILTON. 0 .4 0 Oakley 3b.---.4 0 0 0 Lamphere p. .4 0 0 0 Randolph c..3 0 0 4 Ferrill 2b. .3 0 0 0 M. Johnson rf. *J. Johnson cf.____ 4 0 0 0 .4 0 Sawre ss.— 2 10 2 Stillman If.0 8 3 Hemphill lb.

35

3

1

15

E. 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

N. W. C. Press cf.----Timmel 2b. _■ Krenke lb. __ Hinnenthal p.

Groth 3b；___ Gentz rf. ___ Henninp c. __ Bolle If.____ Bicrwagen ss.

AB. R. IB. PO. E. —4 0 0 2 0 -4 0 2 0 _4 0 9 0 .3 0 0 0 .3 0 0 0 0 _4 0 0 0 _2 0 0 0 _3 0 0 0 _3 0 0 0 34

2

0

3

16

1

♦Deland for J. Johnson in the ninth.

Stolen bases—Oakley, Ferrill, Stillmann. Two base bits_Lam­ phere, Sayre, Hemphill. Bases on balls—off Hinnenthal 3. off Lam­ phere 1. Hit. by pitched balls—Hinnenthal, Henning. Struck out —by Hinnenthal 11, by Lamphere 11. Umpire—P. Eickmann. * # * * # 1NT, W. C. 10? WHITEWATER 12.

Determined to give the enemy at “tit-for-tat” game in baseball, our nine left for Whitewater on May 22. The game in its entirety was somewhat, slow and uneventful. Our opponents took the lead in the second and stuck tenaciously to if for the rest of the fray. A rally, such as t.lie sport-papers of the ancients had never heard of, came in the last of the ninth with two out and the other man hav­ ing two strikes. We got five runs, but the satisfaction of having won was nowhere evident. Slowly the train pulled our weary and beaten boys back to the hall of their Alma Mater, where night gave them the rest required. “Home, home, sweet home” was the only melody all the way back.

•

WHITEWATER. Anderson 2b.

Pust 3b.____ Burton lb.

Hassett rf.― Demuth c. —■ Olson p.____ Palmer If.—.

Van Duser cf.

Grady ss.___

AB. R. IB. PO. E. •5 0 3 0 .3 0 0 1 .4 1 1 15 0 •3 0 0 .3 2 2 0 .5 0 0 3 3 0 0 0 .4 2 2 0 .5 2 12 3 35

12

8 24

AB. R.IB. PO. E. N. W. C. 0 ■3 3 0 Press cf.----2 0 •3 0 Timmel 2b.― .4 1 2 11 0 Krenke lb.— 0 0 .5 Hinnenthal p.

1 0 .4 Groth 3b.— 0 0 0 .4 Gentz rf.----3 0 .4 Henning c.— 2 0 .4 ♦Bolle If.___ Bierwagen ss. -------3 10 3 0

4

—113—

34

10

7

22

1

•Bolle substituted for Hinnenthal in the eighth; then took left ' field.

Stolen bases—Bierwagen. Two base hits—|Grady, Bolle. Three base hits—Anderson. Double plays—Groth-Krenke-IIenning. Bases on balls— —off Grady 6, off Hinnenthal 6.

WAYLAND ACADEMY 5; N. W. C. II. 0.

May 26 brought the lively Academy bunch from Beaver Dam for a tilt~a fight to the finish. Although there was a small crowd, the bystanders could read from the faces doubt, and yet surety. Our second team was to play its one and only competitive game of the season. How unnatural and yet becoming did the suits of the first team look on them!

The first inning ran off scoreless. In the second round Wayland scored twice, due to loose playing on our end of the line. This had to be avenged— —and was. Our men came in from the field and crossed the plate four times to the surprise of our confident visitors.

After this we had everything coming our way. Winter pitched a stellar game up to the seventh, when a bruised finger gave Bolle a chance to show his brand of ball. Several of his speeders retired five men, who not so mucli as raised their bats. Winter’s threebagger and pitching were some of the features of the game. Schae­ fer played a good game behind the bat; his steal home being the most daring and sensational play of the game.

WAYLAND. Hackendale ss.

Summerfield 2b.

Seidel 3b._____ Mann lb,_____ Hall If._______ Coray c.______ Brown cf. ___ _ Newton rf.___ Usner p.______

AB. R. IB. PO. E. •4 0 0 0 2 5 2 0 0 3 .6 0 0 2 •3 0 7 4 .4 0 0 0 .4 0 2 0 ■4 2 12 0 .3 0 .3 0 0 2 0 35

5

3

18

N. W. C. Kleinke lb.

SclioenofC ss.

Schaefer c.

Moskopf rf. ♦Pankow If.. ♦Cares cf.

Knoll 3b.

Voecks 2b.♦Winter p.—.

10

AB. R. IB. PO. E. •4 1 9 0 2 •5 0 •2 2 0 0 5 0 0 0 .4 .5 0 0 0 0 0 0 .4 _4 2 .1 0 0 0 .3 2 0 0 2 ...4 0 1 35

9

5

10

10

•Pankow substituted by Herrmann in the sixth, by Nieman in the seventh. *Cares substituted by Sauer in the sixth and Winter in the seventh.

•Winter substituted by Bolle in the seventh.

—114—

I龜| Stolen bases—Ilackendale, Hall, Coray 2; Moskopf 2, Schaefer 4.

Three base hits—Winter. Bases on balls—Winter 2, Bolle 1; Usner 4. Hit by pitched balls—Hackendalo, Schaefer. Struck out—by Win­ ter 15, Bolle 5; Usner G. Passed balls—Winter, Usner 2. Wild pitches—Winter 2, Bolle 1; Usner 1. Umpire—P. Eickmann.

ALMA MATER. •

On the front cover of The Alma Mater wc read: “Alma Mater is published for the purpose of forming a closer bond of union be­ tween our colleges, professors，students, and friends.” Judging from the contents of the paper, we take this to be the motto of its editors; every article shows that they are on their feet, laboring hard toward this end—and that theirs Is success.

In The Alma Mater we find all the usual columns of the average college journal, arranged in good sound order. A rather lengthy German poem opens “Literary.” The thought is worthy of expan­ sion; the rhythm is faulty in places. Following this poem is a short story, “The God of the White Roses;” a story with a rather com­ plicated plot taken from the far East, from India. A few charac­ teristics of the short story that stimulate our interest, we hear, are: progression of action, description, and choice of words. The first and the last of these are quite well carried out in this story; the second, however, is not. Bits of description from the land of the mysterious Hindoo would add greatly to the arousing of our inter­ est. “Historical Sketches of Lutheran Seminaries and Colleges in the United States!” Could anything tend to form a closer bond of union between onr colleges and students than such an article?

"Das neuere spanische Drama” contains some fine details and some interesting peculiarities of the Spanish Drama of that sixteenth century. The author of True Heroes discriminates very nicely be­ tween heroes and true heroes. During the great war we constantly .heard of “heroes;” but were they usually “true heroes?” Examine a case that was quite common. By chance a single dough-boy cap—115—

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tured fifteen armed enemy soldiers. After he had them safe in his power lie maltreated them. Was lie a hero? No! Still he was hailed as such. Would he, had lie treated his enemies as he would his friends, have been looked upon as a hero or a traitor? Through the eyes of the mob, probably like the latter; still he had been a true hero!

In his editorials the editor did well in choosing timely topics.

“Physical Training,” however, seems too wide a topic for the edi­ torial column. “The Necessity of Physical Training in our Lutheran Colleges” would be more proper, Work and Success” clears our mind of the illusion that success is the result of genius. It isn’t; it is tlie result of work.

“Scrap Book” is a column peculiar to the Alma Mater. Al­ though most of the material is borrowed, we appreciate the choice shown in selecting.

We always enjoy “News” and “Sports,” for they bring items from Lutheran schools in all corners of our country. The “Alumni” editor’s style is such that it makes reading a pleasure.

The Alma Mater is a success; may it continue to be!

—From May 4 to 9, Harry Grunwald, Prep., was at Fond du Lac, his home, because of illness.

—Dudley Rohda, ’22, received a visit from his mother, May 5.

—On May 7，Starke, Prep., was in Milwaukee and made a new acquaintance at the zoo. 一May 8, Wilbert Frank, Prep., was at Jackson, his home, to at­ tend his cousin’s wedding.

—116—-

—Reimann, Prep., went home May 22, to attend his sister’s wed­ ding. 一From Saturday afternon, May 22, to Tuesday morning, May 25, “there was ont much doing” in the dormitory. Saturday the base­ ball team went to Whitewater, and Whitmonday the band was at Columbus, together with a few other students. Most of the stu­ dents who live in nearby towns were at home during the whole time, and those who have friends or relatives in neighboring towns vis­ ited them.

—Croll, Eckert, Rossin, and Bender walked to Waterloo, May 9.

After they had eaten dinner there, they regained enough energy to walk back also. 一Elmer Prenzlow, ’23, went to Woodland Sunday, May 9, to at­ tend a church celebration in his home town.

—May 11, Mrs. E. I-I. Weber and Miss Emily Radtke of Lake Mills, called on the Voges brothers.

—Moses Jaster visited friends at Waterloo, May 16.

—Paul Sclioenoff, Prep., returned to school May 15, after recov­ ering from an illness that kept him at home about two months. 一May 14 and 15, Cora Best and Eleanor Voges visited Theophil Voges, ’21，and Adelbert Voges, Prep.

—May 1G and again on the 23rd, Dudley Rolida, ’22, and Walter Krenke, ’22, were at the former’s home in Oconomowoc. 一Reuben Pautz from Randolph came to visit his friends at North­ western, May 16.

—The Rev. C. P. Voges was here May 17 to visit his sons Theophil and Adelbert. 一Lefty Sauer, *21, went over to the pesthouse, May 20, thinking he had the mumps. But on the 22nd, the doctor examined him and found that he was perfectly healthy.

—On May 19, the Rev. J. P. Scherf from Balaton, Minn., was here to visit his son Herman Scherf, ’20.

—During May 22, 23, and 24, John Herrmann, ’21，was attracted to Milwaukee.

—May 24, Zinke, Prep., was visited by his brothers, Theodore and Benjamin from Fredonia, Wis., and Theophil Mahnke from Milwau­ kee, who came with them.

—Cares and Wiffles took a bicycle trip to Waterloo in the after­ noon of May 24. Both had a hard time to keep on the road and on the wheels, but Wiffles got to the town sooner and rested until Cares came up. After they were there awhile, their stomachs gave them official notice that a good supper would be not all undesirable. Due to Edna’s benevolence they got one, and neither of them was back—117—

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ward in doing justice to it. The meal gave Wiffles enough energy to make the return trip on his wheel. Cares—remembering very vividly the jars and bumps lie had received on the way down—did not care to come back on liis wheel; instead he took the train.

—■Chowdy and Ebert walked to Ixonia, May 24, and returned after having had dinner and supper at Degner’s home.

—On May 25, Pat Kupfer attended the 25th wedding anniversary of his p arents.

—Wtiff and Eeimann bad to walk to the dormitory May 26, in their bathing suits because their clothes disappeared or evaporated.

—Cutie, Prep., took a friend canoeing during the last week in May, or rather he wanted to. When they were a little away from shore, where the water was still quite shallow, the canoe upset.

Cutie retained enough presence of mind to save the lunch they had brought with them for the excursion.

—Elmer Miller, Prep., quit school May 29, because he was needed for work at home. 一Gus Krause, ’22, was at Milwaukee, May 29 to 31, mainly to put his feet under his father’s table.

©0-iEiii Notes.

—Bertha Holzhueter and Gertrude Zabel visited Paula Radloff at her home in Ilustisford from May 22 until May 24.

—Louise Thurow went to her home at Grand Rapids, Wis., to wit­ ness the confirmation of her sister.

Anna Wegner visited Edna Setz in Waterloo on May 22-3-4.

Miss Setz also entertained two other visitors from N. W. C. at her home on Monday.

—Doris and Margaret Ott visited Edna Detert at her home in Wa­ terloo. On Monday they attended tlie Kinderfest, which is held there annually. ―Miriam Jaeger visited school on May 15, with Ruth Bolle.

—Helen Fisher, Margaret Koenig, and Hattie Detert, also visited classes May 15. ―Josephine Gnewuch attended the wedding of a cousin, May 14.

—Helen Kortegast spent Sunday with friends in Ixonia.

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30k^ja 一Prof.: Wie nennt man denn ein Weib, das durch Hinterlist einen Mann zu gewinnen sucht?

Speck: Eine Vamp.

Prof.: Ich bitte Sie aber.

Johnny: Die nennt man co-ed (coquette.)

—-Ethel: I saw my friend at the zoo today.

Cupie: You did! Which cage?

Chrissie at the |Game.

“The umpire called a foul,” said she, “Yet not a feather do I see.”

“Correct,” he answered, “even so!

But this is a picked nine, you know.”一Ex. 一Johnnie: Quae te, genitor, sententia vertit?

Prof.: Was heisst das?

Johnnie: Dad, warum hast du dein Mind gechanged? 一Bud: We must have a new kitchen-girl.

Palmer: Why? Bud: There are some strange finger prints on my plate.

—An opportunity is a thing that will slip by without oiling.—Ex. 一Harry (to Count who is trying to whistle:) Whom are you talking to?

Count: To the birds.

Harry: Where did you learn to talk to birds?

Count: Ever since I went out with spring chickens.

—Pror.: What's the idea of lighting matches in my recitation?

Eggert: They light themselves when you monkey with them.

—Isn’t it a great and glorious feeling: When you’re dressed in your best suit, and you take your girl friend down the river for a canoe ride and she happens to sing “Take it slow and easy” and the canoe keels over and your friend swims to shore and you make a dive for the lunch and save it before it gets wet and you bring the treasured morsels to shore and dry yourself in the sunshine and while you’re dreaming about the bananas and oranges someone crawls up be­ hind you and runs away with your lunch and then, when you have finally decided to sit down, for lunch, you see some Sophomore loung—119—

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ing in a canoe in the middle of the river, eating to his heart’s con­ tent, isn’t it great, isn’t it glorious? Well “Cutie” knows all about it. Ask him. ―Stud.(giving principal parts of the verb sit:) Sit, sat, Satan. ―Prep.: What’s a fly-wlieel?

Beans: A merry-go-round for flies. 一Prof.: What was Neptune^ other name?

Zinke: Plutarch.

—Knoll: Die Stadtleute wissen nichts von einer Kuh, ausser dass sie Grass isst.

Prof.: Selbst das wissen sie niclit; sie frisst namlich. ―Teacher (in Ancient History：) What happened when the Greek teachers came to Rome?

Pupil: They learned English. * * * *• Wo du nicht bist der Organist, Da schweigen alle Ploten. * # * « ―Theobald (to Bilse:) Come on, lets brush our teeth.

Bilse: Why should I brush my teeth? I have no hair on them. 一Prof.: 1st das richtig: Gliicklich ist der, dem sogleicli die erste Geliebte die Hand reicht?

Knoll: Ja, denn oft traut ein Mann die Jungfrauen nicht mehr, wenn er einmal abgewiesen ist.

Prof.: Ja, er darf sie ja aucli niclit trauen, es sei denn, er sel ein Pastor, und sie hatten Lizenzen.

—120—

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Basket Ball, Foot Ball, Tennis Supplies

Catalog on request

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DR. T. C. H. ABELMANN

t

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The Black and Red VOLUME XXIV NO. 4

SEPTEMBER 1920

Northwestern College Watertown, Wisconsin

[]i»__jin

到

TABLE OF CONTENTS LITERARY .'H

There’s a Tide in the Affairs of Men— …

Awake! Danger Ahead! …

EDITORIALS The Suffrage Amendment

=: .

121 126 128 129 130

ALUMNI..................

132

COLLEGE NOTES

13‘t

ATHLETICS..........

137

EXCHANGES........

139

LOCALS.................

140

CO-ED NOTES___

142

JOKE^.....................

142

BLACK AND RED

竹.

Volumb XXIV.

Watertown, VVis., Sfptr^ibrr 1920.

Number 4

THERE，S A TIDE IN THE AFFAIHS OF MEN. Donald F. Rossin, ’22.

It was an evening in early June. The town-hall of Elkton was filled to its capacity with friends and relatives of twenty-five gradu­ ating high-school students. This memorable evening marked the beginning of a business life to many; to others it promised more years of joyful study at college.

But to Albert Engel graduation meant no more than just the end of a high-school career. His uncle liad grudgingly sent him to school after the death of his mother. Young Albert had always been told that his father had died many years before. The truth, however, was that Fred Engel had fled the country to escape pun­ ishment for a daring theft.

It was raining when the graduation exercises closed. Cars took most of the graduates home, but Albert preferred to be alone and therefore set out on foot for his uncle’s home. It was not un­ common for Albert to wish to be alone. Often when he saw the good fortune of other young people who liad fathers and motlxeys to advise them, he envied them and became melancholy. On this evening when parents and relations of the rest crowded around —121—

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witli good wishes, this feeling again overtook him, and to avoid its being noticed he hastened out to be alone.

“I wish I had a real home and parents who cared for me; per­ haps then I could continue my studies at college as some of my classmates will! If only mother were alive, so that I would have some one to love. Uncle is too harsh. I know that we should soon With these quarrel if I were to stay with him much longer.” thoughts Albert slowly approached the home of his uncle.

On his way he had to pass the home of Mr. Smith, the president of the Elkton Structural Steel Co. Mr. Smith was the richest man in town, and as was quite natural, had one of the finest mansions in Elkton. But it was not the splendor of this house that interested Albert. He was interested in the only child of Mr. Smith, namely Irene. All through high school she had been Albert’s favorite.

At sight of this house, memories of pleasant evenings spent with her flashed before his mind. He recalled also many day-dreams that had pictured her as the mistress of his own happy home. But he could not think of asking her to share his state, before lie was in­ dependent of his uncle and had at least a small income.

To reach, his uncle’s home Albert had to cross the street near the Smith home and then go two blocks further. He was so wrap­ ped in thought that he did not notice that an automobile was com­ ing down the street. When lialf way across the street, he was blinded by the head light. He felt something strike him—then all was darkness.

The car had skidded on the wet pavement and struck Albert rendering him unconscious. The car stopped, and a man of about forty-five, quite heavy-set, but not corpulent, stepped out. It was Mr. Smith himself. He was just driving home from the same gradu­ ation exercises, at which Irene liad made the valedictory address.

Mr： Smith at once recognized Albert, took him into his house, and called the family doctor.

“The injuries are not serious,” said the doctor after examining the unconscious Albert. “He has a broken leg and a slight bruise on the skull. With good care he ought to be as well as ever in a month or two.”

When Albert regained consciousness, he found himself in a com­ fortable bed, and saw his uncle on one side and Mr. Smith on the other. After explaining the reason for the cast on his leg and the bandage around his head, Mr. Smith insisted that Albert stay with him until he should be fully recovered.

So Albert remained at Smith’s. Every day his uncle visited —122—

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him- He had taken an increased interest in his nephew since the accident on account of the damage suit he hoped to file against Mr. Smith. Every day Irene also came and talked with him. Alto­ gether the days in bed were as pleasant as could be expected. It is a question what did most to bring about Albert’s speedy recovery, the medical aid or Irene’s pleasant company. In a few weeks Al­ bert was able to move about. Then came pleasant chats on the porch and later short walks in the park with Irene. By August Albert had nearly recovered: he saw with regret the approaching end of his enjoyable stay at Irene’s home.

I wish I could stay here forever,” he thought. “These have been the best days of my life.” Albert noticed that of late his uncle was making frequent calls on Mr. Smith and that he some­ times brought Mr. Benson, the family lawyer, with him. He won­ dered what all this could mean. He was surprised, therefore, when one evening after an especially long conversation with his uncle and Mr. Benson Mr. Smith called him into his study.

“I have something important to fell you,” began Mr. Smith.

"Your uncle and I have agreed that I might adopt you and send you through college, provided, of course, that you are willing.”

“I really can not understand your kindness, Mr. Smith.”

Mr. Smith thought a moment of the negotiations he had had with Albert’s uncle, how he had been able to keep him from suing for damages only by paying a large sum of money, how the uncle had finally consented to let him adopt Albert. As Mr. Smith thought it best for Albert not to know of his uncle’s selfishness, he merely said: “You see I have no son of my own, and I think it would make my life more pleasant to have some one to care for. Since your uncle can not give you a college education, which he would if he had the means, I persuaded him to let me do it, because I think that you will make just the kind of son that I should want.”

“Thank you! I am more than glad to accept your kind offer.”

Irene had also decided to continue her studies; so on the day before the college was to open, she and Albert boarded the train and journeyed to school together.

Almost before either one noticed it, the first joyous year at college had passed away. During the next two years their intimacy and friendship grew deeper as they slowly ripened into manhood and womanhood. They often saw each other at school and always journeyed to and from school together. Soon our friends were back at college after the Christmas recess of tlieir senior year.

Albert was well gifted and always well up in his studies, and —123—

no one would ever have suspected that he often spent his nights with the fast set of young college students playing poker. At first he went out of pure curiosity. He saw that it was wrong to gamble and determined not to go again; but when his friends begged him again to join them, hie could not easily refuse. Every time it be­ came easier for them to draw Albert into a game. Finally he went quite willingly. In a few months lie was an accomplished pokerplayer.

On the evening1 before Easter vacation Albert again tried his luck at gambling,—and lost heavily. He staked all he had left to win back the lost money; but fate was against him, and he lost every cent. Becoming desperate he borrowed money from his chum. This lie also lost. When the game closed in the early morning: hours, he was two hundred dollars in debt. Albert was dumbfounded, un­ able to realize that lie had not only gambled away liis own inoney but had even borrowed some; he slowly dragged himself to his room, threw himself on tJhe bed without undressing：, for he knew that he could not sleep. His room-mate liad heard him come in and knew from his actions that someth ins: must have happened.

“What’s the matter, Albert? Did you have hard luck?”

“I am ruined, Joe. I lost all T had and two hundred dollars besides. I don’t know how to explain matters to my uncle.” sighed Albert.

You could sell your diamond cnff-links. vonr s：old cigarette oaso. and vour new Hamilton watch. These should brine： one liundrpd and fifty dollars, and for the remaining fift.v you surely can ^ credit till your next allowance. You could simply tell your uncle that the valuables were stolen,” su^ested Joe. “I don’t like to think of pa.rt.ina: with presents that are so dear to me. but under these circumstances I suppose I shall have to con­ sider it/* said Albert.

“What am I to do? T must r>av my debts and dare not let. Mr. Smith know that I have been gambling. If only I were out of tliis pickle, I would never ramble a^ain.” Such thoughts occupied Al­ bert’s mind until mornine：. When train-time came, Albert had not yet decided upon a courseOn the train Irene could not help noticing that Albert was not the care-free, happy, and iovial companion that, he used to be.

“What’s the trouble, Albert? You seem worried about somethine;.

It surely can’t be your studies?5* said Irene with a scrutinizing look.

“Nothing wrong, Irene, only I am not feeling as well as usual，’’ said Albert with a hopeless attempt to look pleasant.

—124—

All the way home Albert sat gloomily reflecting on the predica­ ment he was in. Easter passed quickly and was rather more gloomy than other vacations, for not even Irene’s good humor could awake Albert from his dark thoughts.

It was the evening before he was to have for school again. Al­ bert sat on liis bed deliberating. “I could use the money Mr. Smith will give me for board and tuition to pay my debts, and then skip the country. But I can not leave Irene; so the only course left is to find a way to pay my debts and still not lose Irene’s respect.”

Now his inherited trait for crime, which had so far been kept down by careful training, showed itself. I-Ie remembered that Mr. Smith kept a considerable amount of money in a certain hidden drawer- “I can easily take enough to pay my debts. No one will suspect me, for very likely the theft will not be discovered for sev­ eral days,” reflected Albert. lie stole down stairs, easily secured the necessary money and went back to bed. On the next day when he and Irene left for their last term at college, Albert carried two hundred dollars more than Mr. Smith had given him.

As he had expected, the thefft was not discovered until more than a week after he had paid his debts, and on one thought of ac­ cusing him. But there was one thing that did accuse him that was Albert honestly repented of his misdeeds, quit his conscience. gambling, and determined to confess everything to Mr. Smith at the first opportunity.

School closed, and our friends journeyed home together for the last time. That evening Mr. Smith called Albert into his study. ”1 need a competent man to take the position of sales-manager in my business. You now have a good education, and I am going to give you a trial,” said Mr. Smith. Albert thought of his promise to confess everything, but reasoned that the offer would very likely be withdrawn if he should confess. A strong temptation not to con­ fess beset him, but he proved the sincerity of his repentance by humbly saying: “1 cannot accept your offer before I have told you something, and I fear that after I have told you, you will withdraw your offer.”

“What is it, Albert? I am sure that it will not cause me to withdraw my offer,” said Mr. Smith reassuringly.

“You remember the money that was stolen from your secret drawer?** ventured Albert. _ “Yes, but what of it?”

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“At first I hoped to keep it secret, but I have determined to tell you all.”

"I do not understand you!”

“I had made debts by gambling, and could not ask you for money for such a purpose. At first I wanted to run away, but then I thought that no one would suspect me if I should take some money from your drawer. I took the money and paid my debt. I have not gambled since and am very sorry that I stole,” confessed Albert.

Mr. Smith was silent. He had hoped that the evil character of the father had not left its marks on the son. Still Albert’s hon­ esty had pleased him. After a few moments of thought he arose, took Albert’s hand, and said: “I forgive you, Albert! I believe that you will never do it again. I know you would make a success of the sales-managership, but I think that it would be a help to you and to your character if you would start at the bottom and work your­ self up on merit. I want you to start in as clerk and make a suc­ cess of that. Your advancement may be rapid, but da not think that in making good now you can bring atonement for your crime.

There can be no atonement, only forgiveness. Go to the Cross, my boy, for that.”

“Thank you, sir! I know that you are right. I am sure that I do not deserve the position, but I will always do my very best,” said Albert.

“I know you will, Albert!”

Albert worked faithfully for two years, and honestly earned his promotion to the position of sales-manager.

One evening found Albert and Mr. Smith confidentially talking in the latter’s study. Irene had promised to become Albert’s bride, and now lie was asking the father’s permission.

Since nothing could have pleased Mr. Smith more, he gladly consented.

Many years have passed since Albert and Irene were married.

Mr. Smith has retired from business, and his son-in-law has taken his place. Albert has a son at college who will some day succeed him.

AWAKE! DANGER AHEAD! Dudley Rohda, ”22.

The twentieth, century with all its great inventions is here; America is passing through an era of great prosperity. During the —126—

period of the great war just passed, countless millions have made our country rich. Although the war has left everything in its wake unusually high-priced, money flows more freely than ever before.

Our country is prosperous, but—danger looms ahead!

This danger is visible. It is eating at the heart and founda­ tion of our nation; the foundation is already beginning to crumble; let our people avoid the fall. But to avoid the fall we must first see tlie menacing danger.

With a discriminating eye cast a glance about you. Do you see in the distance that constant stream of young blood flowing from the farm to the city? That is, the menacing danger! The young man of to-day is, as a rule, no longer satisfied with the farm.

Life there no longer suits him; work there is too hard for him. The gay life of the metropolis, the easy work with high pay in the city, draw him on. He is forgetting his successful grandfathers of a few generations ago, who worked with their hands on the farm of his father and who helped build a healthy peasantry—our country’s firm foundationWhat will happen if this stream of young life from farm to city does not cease to flow? Look for the answer in history. Ronw once stood where've stand now. The populace which had at one time consisted mainly of farmers, men who founded the great em­ pire, had become weakened through years of affluence. Rome, the metropolis, became alluring. The Roman forsook his simple farmhome and took up his abode in the city. Life there was one great jubilee; luxury combined with licentiousness took hold of the now lazy people and dragged Rome with all her inhabitants down to de­ struction. Another great agricultural race took her place. Look back farther at Greece and Babylon! Was not their fate the same as that of Rome?

Now look again at our own country. Look at the gay life in our cities; luxury is fast taking hold of us, and luxury means downfall. Who wishes to see our fair land undermined, and event­ ually, destroyed? Not one of her citizens, we hope. Let us, there­ fore, do all in our power to stem this tide to luxury; let us do all in our power to rebuild as honest and healthy a peasantry as that which made our country what it is to-day.

—127—

A FABLE. Edwin Jaster, 21.

.

'.广丨:锊:

A farmer went out on liis field to hoe the tender shoots of corn.

With extreme-care he loosened the earth around the roots of the corn plant and heaped it up, so that the little green leaves would thrive on the bountiful supply of nourishment and water which the roots drew from the tilled soil; but he ruthlessly cut off every weed growing in the same field. The weeds noticed this and, feel­ ing that the farmer was acting unfairly toward them, one of them said, “You hoe and care for the corn and aid it in its growth, but us who live on the same field, wlio enjoy the same sunshine, the same nourishment, wlio are also living organisms and enjoy life, you wil­ fully destroy. How can you defend the justice of your act; are you not partial to the corn, which is only a plant like us?”

The farmer leaning on his hoe heard the accusation of the weed and then answered to defend his action, What do you weeds do to benefit man, do you furnish him with food? Oii^ the contrary, you force man to work harder to till the soil for the production of food for himself and domestic animals. You take from the soil the ingredients which are necessary for the growth of corn and grain and if you were allowed to grow the farmer would soon find In place of his nice field of corn a patch of weeds which are of no use to him. You take something and give nothing in return.

People are like the weeds and the corn. There are those who desire to benefit no one else, who take something and give nothing in return; they are like the weeds and deserve a similar fate. Then there are those who endeavor to give more than they receive and strive to do their best for the benefit of others; they ar like the corn and should be honored.

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i：HE BLACK AND RED Publiahtd Monthly bj tbe Studeiitt of th« Northw«tlera Colleff«.

EDITORIAL STArr BDWIN A, JASTER, f2t WM.P. HOLZHAUSEN, 〃 Aisociate Editor

BDITOR.IN.CHIEP

BUSINESS MANAGERS

,MER，， 2J Ef 92\

DEPARTMENT EDITORS DUDLB LEY H. ROHDA, *22 US H. WINTER, *22 VBNU THB OPHIL F.UETZMANN»2I VICTOR W.THIERFILDER »28 GUSTAV O. KRAUSE, »22

EXCHANGES ATHLETICS COLLBGB NOTES LOCALS CAMPUS AND CLASSROOM'

at«d from Alumnf and un<jergra<fuatca. AH literary incu commuoicjLtioQa to the Businca Manager, payable In n莩!• coplcx, J The t.crmi <of subscriptions ars X Dollar r aticontlnuad. clun axd In oATment.

Notihr ua tlwish your StUDDM not «cc cotcd AdvertUIng rates furnlahcd upon application, Tkt BUck ud Red h forwarded to all subscribers until ord«r for ita dUcontinuancc U received or tha nub •cribcrla more than on« year In arrean.

Entered at the Postofficc o! Watertown, WlsV9as sccond-cUss matter.

m

iE&ttortals

The reputation of a school is worth as much as the reputation of the students, and generally of the poorest students. Is your rep­ utation advancing that of the school? Let us direct this question first to the new students. Have you gained the respect of those with whom you came in contact? If you can say yes, you will be a valu­ able asset to the college. What mark would you receive, should you be judged by others; what opinion are you willing that people should have of you? Surely not a bad one! Neither does tlie college wish to have the bad opinion of the public. Now let us direct this ques­ tion to the old students. Have you last year and in former years proved yourself worthy of the name of a student of this college?

If so, do you intend to continue this good quality; if not, do you intend to reform this year? The college wishes it; you yourself wish to gain the good opinion of others- Through your good rep­ utation you boost the college. The college will be no better in the eyes of the world than you wish it to be; it is just what you make it. Therefore let us make our college the best by making this year J. our best.

—129—

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THE SUFFRAGE AMENDMENT. Silently like a ghost of the night* the old order of voting left tlie United States, and as silently the inauguration of woman suff­ rage took place. Very little excitement was manifest on and after August 18th when the vote of Tennessee gave us the two-thirds vote necessary for ratification of the suffrage amendment. The world still moves in its course; it is neither better nor is it worse.

The struggle of recent years (woman suffrage was undreamt of be­ fore the middle of the nineteenth century) is over and now comes tlie crucial test, to prove whether woman suffrage will make the world better or worse. Was woman suffrage a victory or a defeat?

The answer to this question is not found in history.

True, suffrage has been, instituted in England, Germany, Sweden, Nor­ way, Denmark, and Russia, but the results are still uncertain. Time lias not yet showed tlie good or the bad effects. Tlie answer lies alone with the present and with the future. The present is quiet, women have liad no open, demonstration of exultation; in the larger cities there have been a few parades, we hear rumors of clubs be­ ing organized for women voters, but no tangible results are preva­ lent. Without doubt the answer lies with the future, and the future will make known the results in its time; but let us courageously gaze through the veil of the future and try to distinguish the out­ lines of the fate of woman suffrage. Let us surmise; let us draw conclusions from questions based on the present facts.

The victory of suffrage is a defeat for women, is a defeat for the .nation—if their vote should bring us ruin. The victory of suff­ rage is a defeat一if the woman’s vote should destroy the rights of man and the strength of the nation. The victory of suffrage is a defeat—if the women wilfully disregard tlieir new right and through their non-voting and indifference allow the state and nation to fall prey to the grafting politicians and to those men who further their own interests at the expense of the people. Will th.e women be able to overstep the mandate of God which subordinated woman to man?

If this mandate meant that man was to represent, to care for, to protect woman, then she cannot overcome this obstacle, and we •know from history that to disregard the laws of God foretells tlie ruin of a nation. Will the seventeen million women, suddenly given the right to vote, be able to follow a safe course in tlie politiical maelstrom? Will they be able to keep a level head in every crisis? Will the vote of these seventeen million women, insuffici­ ently schooled in the operation of the powerful voting macliine, plunge the state into a reign of terror, stagger tlie nation into chaos —130—

and ruin? Will the women allow themselves to be deceived by un­ scrupulous law-makers and vote for measures which will hamper or destroy the rights of man? Will the women through lack of judgment elect the wrong men to office and thus weaken our na­ tion? Will the women tire of the vote and through lack of interest allow grafters and selfish interests to make up the human cogs in the gubernatorial wheel? These are questions which no one can answer, time alone can tell; and it is the hope of all that time will tell a pleasant story.

The picture formed by these questions presents a gloomy out­ look, and were the result of woman suffrage as evil as these ques­ tions suggest, we shudder to think of the future. But the people of the world are not helpless, we can/ act in such a manner that time will tell a pleasant story. The women themselves can do much.

They must become aware of the great responsibility which they now bear and they must not forget that there are duties connected with the ballot. They are now helping the men to rule and may they benefit and better the rule of man. This is their responsibility. It is a logical conclusion that the wife living with her husband will share his views and vote as lie does. This has generally been the relation between father and son, why shouldn’t it be thus with wives and daughters. The only real difference will be that the candidates will receive double the number of votes, but the relative strength of the parties will not be destroyed. Now we have the first duty of the woman voter; she must vote regularly at every election so that she does not destroy the relative strength of the parties. She owes this duty to the nation. Another duty of woman is, that she in­ terest herself in the government and in public affairs and consider the nation’s welfare her welfare. Politics and governmental af­ fairs should be considered the year around, not at election time only. The woman voter must become awake to the dangers threat­ ening government and concern herself with remedies against mis­ rule.

The women of German extraction especially have been indiffer­ ent to the right of voting, and they especially should feel the necesity of constant voting. They must not become lax in their in­ terest or remain indifferent to the great problem of ruling our na­ tion. Hand in hand with father and sons the mother and daughters should labor faithfully to serve the government that supports them. '

—131—

.

―The Rev. 0. Kehrberg, *14, and wife, of Mosinee, Wis., spent a short vacation with relatives in Watertown the first week of Sep­ tember. Although lie has only been in the ministry about a year, Rev. Kehrberg has already brought two students to Northwestern.

The Rev. 0. Medenwald, *15, of Amery, Wis., and the Rev. B. Kupfer, ’16, of Phelps, Wis., also each brought a student from their re­ spective congregations to Watertown.

—The Rev. C. H. Sieker, ’90, of Burlington, Wis., motored to Wa­ tertown on Sept 6, and had his son Hubert enrolled in the Prepara­ tory Department.

—The Rev. W. Schumann, ’12, and wife, of North Fond du Lac, Wis., were visitors in Watertown in the early part of September.

—Mr. Harold Schumann, com., of Watertown, is now with the Morris Company of Chicago.

—The Rev. R. Penske, *14, has fully regained his health and has accepted a call as missionary at large in the state of Washington with probable headquarters at Tacoma. He motored to Watertown in his Chevrolet and visited his Alma Mater, Sept. 4.

—On his way to the Seminary, A. Zeisler, ’18, stopped off at Wa­ tertown, Sept. 6-7. In the company of his sisters and a brother he made the trip per automobile from La Crosse. A younger sister remained here as a member of the Co-ed Department. During the summer Mr. Zeisler and his brother Richard made a walking tour through. Glacier National Park.

—The Rev. C. Schweppe, ’12, of Bowdle, S. D., has accepted a call to New Ulm as professor in English. The Rev. A. Schaller, ’07, Redwood Falls, Minn., has received a call, also to the D. M. L. C., New Ulm, Minn.

—Dr. E. Heilmann, ’05, instructor in the University of Michigan, has accepted a call to the University of Minnesota faculty, where he will be assistant professor of accounting.

—The Rev- Kurt Koehler, of Wauwatosa, has accepted a call to Mansfield, Wash., in the Big Bend wheat country. * ~~~132*

•

一L. Bernthal,，18, of the Theol. Sem. at Wauwatosa, was seen passing through this city in a flivver. ―Several young pastors have provided themselves with wives be­ fore entering upon their duties as minister. The Rev. C. Schmelzer/17, Brewster, Neb., joined the ranks of his wedded brethren June 30. The Rev. C. Schmidt, ex ’18, Monticello, Minn., followed suit before July 4. Next in line came the Revs. 0. Gruendemann, ，17, Brant, Mich., and W. Zank, ’16, Bunsville, Iowa, who were mar­ ried on July 6, and Aug. 18, respectively. The Rev. C. Nitz, *15, Globe, Ariz., also took unto himself a wife on June 22. There is another candidate on the list who has bright prospects of soon be­ coming a benedict, viz: the Rev. A. Westendorf, ’16，Flint, Mich. 一Prof. J. Whyte, Ph. D., ’05, of New York University, has retired from the teaching profession and is now affiliated with the National Credit Men’s Association of New York City.

—Tutor P. Eickmann, ’16, returned to his duties Sept 8, after spending a week in New York and other Eastern Metropolises.

—Preparatory to entering the Seminary the following were vis­ itors at Northwestern during the week Sept. 1-7—W. Meier, *18 H. Lau, ’18, E. Blakewell, formerly of ’18, J. Henning, ’18, A. Zeisler, ’18, F. Brandt, ’19, R. Kremer, ’20, M. Stern, ’20, H. Scherf，’20， K. Timmel, ’20, E. La Haine, ’20.

—Prof. Wm. Henkel, ’89, conducted his last recitations at North­ western College on Sept. 7. Prof. Henkel has accepted a call to fill a vacant professorship at the Theological Seminary at Wau­ watosa.

—The Rev. H. Anger, a former student^ of Wautoma, Wis., ac­ cepted a call to fill a pulpit at West Bend, Wis.，and was installed Sunday, Sept. 5, by the Rev. Greve, of Kewaskum.

—The Rev. Raymond Huth, a former student, of Milwaukee, Wis., visited his parents Sept. 3.

—The Board of Trustees met in the College Dormitory on Sept. 8.

Among those present were: The Rev. C. Buenger, ’94, Rev. J. Bren­ ner, *93, the Rev. ,G. Bergemann, *85, the Rev. II，K. Moussa, ’00, Mr. W. H. Graebner, the Rev. R. Siegler，’81，the Rev. O. Kuhlow, *99, the Rev. J. Klingniann. 一Mr. John Koerner, a former student, and wife, of Seattle, Wash., brought their son Ralph to this College. Mr. and Mrs. Koerner con­ template making their home in Wisconsin in the future--During the summer the Rev. M. Wehausen, ’15, of Ft Apache Ariz., and tlie Rev. H. Nitz, ’15, and wife, of Globe, Ariz.，visited this institution and friends at Watertown. The Rev. O. Medenwald, ’15, —133—

t —31祕咖於扛3 Amery, Wis., was here Aug. 28-30. The Rev. W. Lindloff, ’15, Tols­ toy, S. D., has been a frequent visitor at Northwestern during his stay in town Aug. 28-Sept. 12.

—Prof. S. Probst, ’09, spent the latter part of his vacation at Mt. Rainier National Park. While out in the West, Prof. Probst looked up the Revs. W. Lueckel, *13, and R. Janlte, ’15, both in the State of Washington. He reports that these two gentlemen are very hap­ py and greatly interested in their missionary work.

—Wm. Guth., Prep-, of Forestville, Wis., is a patient in the Statesan Sanitarium, Waukesha County, Wis.

(Utility Nuto The end of the school year 1919-20 had come at last. On the eve of Thursday, June 17, our musical organizations rendered a free concert in honor of the graduating class and for the benefit of the many strangers who had come from far and near to attend the com­ mencement exercises. As at our previous concert the spacious auditorium was packed to the door. During this concert the organ' izations showed their very best and proved that after a year of diligent practice they had reached a high standard.

On the following day the usual commencement exercises were held, in which eleven students received their diplomas, conferring on them the enviable degree of Bachelor of Arts. With this symbol of intellectual eminence they left their dear Alma Mater, and most of them intend to continue their studv at the theological seminary.

The large number of sixteen also graduated from the Academie Course.

The following are the graduates: CLASSICAL COURSE. Eric J. Kupfer Max F. Stern Eric E. La Heine Kurt A. Timmel.

Gerhard Press Roland H. Kremer.

Carl J. Spilman Melvin W. Croll.

Herman A. Scherf Otto J. Eckert Waldemar M. Heidtke.

i COMMERCIAL DEPARTMENT. Six-Years, Course.

Arthur Schaefer George Froehlich Erna Rohr Rudolph Moskopf.

Dorothy Ott. Five-Years’ Course.

Helen Kortegast Theodore Bolle Hazel Laskey Gerhard Bickmann Raymond Norton Alma Hartwig Frederick Stueber Clement Kluge Martha Wetzel Erwin Koepsell Edna Setz received a certificate that she completed a special course having pursued subjects mostly with the Junior and Sopho' more classes.

Shortly before the close of school in June the student-body assembled in the dormitory chapel in order to decide just how to dis­ pose of the surplus reading-room funds. During the last year every dormitory student was a member of the reading-room association, and the contributions were therefore much larger than in former years, in fact so large that at the end of the year seventy-five dollars remained in the treasury.

At this meeting many suggestions wore made as to what should be done with the surplus money.

After various proposals and lengthy discussions the matter came to a vote in which the students decided to beautify our dormitory chapel by installing new light­ ing fixtures.

Shortly before we departed for home we had the pleasure of attending a few chapel services with the room brightly illuminated by the new lights- This improvement makes the chapel look like a real house of devotion, and may our new lights be of good service not only to our present student-body, but also to many other young men who are to follow us through this institution.

Professor William Frederick Henkel, a prominent member of the faculty and a well-liked instructor, has accepted a. call to the Seminary at Wauwatosa, quitting here on September 7. He came to Northwestern in 1912 from a pastorate at Morrison, Wisconsin. and took up liis work as a professor of German, Latin, and .Greel<, which duty he conscientiously and diligently performed during eight years, and thereby gained the respect and honor of the stu­ dents, who will miss in him an able instructor, whose one aim was

their welfare. Professor Henkel has the gift of making the old classics interesting; his thorough knowledge of Greek and Latin enables him to explain the difficult and obscure passage. Especially his lectures in religion and the precise interpretation of the Greek Testament were of high merit and inestimable value. Students who were weak in certain subjects always found him ready to sacri­ fice his time for private instructions. Those of us who intend' to study theology after graduating from Northwestern will again meet Prof. Henkel at the Seminary and be able to continue our work un­ der his guidance. We extend to him our thankful appreciation for what he has done for us and wish him God’s blessing in the con* tinuancet of the church’s work at Wauwatosa.

Officers of Yarious N. W. C, Organizations.

SENIOR CLASS. William Holzhausen, *21 _Theophil Uetzmann, *21 .Immanuel Boettcher, *21

President-------------------Vice-President.___ _____ Secretary and Treasurer.

JUNIOR CLASS. —Gustav Krause, *2?

President--------------------.__Venus Winter, ’22 Vice-President_________ -Dudley Rolida, *22 Secretary and Treasurer.

SOPHOMORE CLASS. Traugott Redlin, *23 President_____________ __ Otto Henning, *23 Vice-President_________ .Elmer Prenzlow, *23 Secretary and Treasurer.

FRESHMAN CLASS. Waldemar Weisgerber, *24 President_____________ __ Rudolph Horlamus, *24 Vice-President________ ____ Harold Grunwald, *24 Secretary and Treasurer.

BAND. ______Martin Buenger, *21 President____ _-Immanuel Boettcher, *21 Vice-President. ________Venus Winter. *22 Secretary------Librarian____ _________ Otto List, Prep.

ORCHESTRA. -Immanuel Boettcher, *21 President____ _______Walter Krenke, *22 Vice-President. ____Harold Grunwald, *24 Secretary------______ John Martin, Prep.

Librarian____

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—136—

CHORUS. -Edwin Jaster，’21 -Dudley Rohda, ’22 Gustav Krause, ’22 _____ John List, ’22

President------Vice-President Secretary------Librarian-------

MILITARY COMPANY. ______ Walter Voigt, *22 Captain---------------------------------------------_____ Otto Henning，’ 23 First Lieutenant----------------------------------------Edmund Ebert, *21 Second Lieutenant------------------------------First Sergeant------------------------------------- _____ Dudley Rohda, ’22 ____ Gustav Krause, *22 Second Sergeant--------------------------------________ Fred Knoll, ’22 Third Sergeant----------------------------------perhard Marquardt, *23 Fourth Sergeant, Quartermaster---------Fifth Sergeant, Assistant Quartermaster. _-Victor Thierfelder，’23 .Herman Kuckhahn, *22 Sixth Sergeant________________________ ___ Gerhard Fischer, ’22 Seventh Sergeant_____________________ ___ Elmer Prenzlow, ’23 Eighth Sergeant______________________

The 1920 football season is here. Now if we look back on our last year’s football scores, we shall notice that our college squad lost in every game played and that many of the defeats were by no small margin. When we opened the season last fall, prospects for a good team and a victorious campaign were indeed very poor; especially hopeless did we feel when our boys were forced to bow down in defeat before the Whitewater Normals.

—137—

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But that was last year. The squad then consisted of eleven new, practically inexperienced, men, only one of whom had ever seen service on the first college team. Such will not be the case this year; the many defeats meant nothing to us but a great gain, for of the thirty or more candidates that reported on the campus on the first Monday of this September two thirds could boast of a good year’s experience.

Except for two or three, all of last year’s men will probably be back to play, among whom are Hinnenthal, Buenger, Brandt, Holzhausen, Hillmer, Kuckhahn, Meier, Palmer, Scharp and Capt. Uetzmann. Hinnenthal very likely will again call the signals for us with Knoll, who made sood as quarterback for the second team, at hand in case of an emergency. For the back-line positions we have Buenger, Brandt, Groth, I. Uetzmann and Siffring. We are count­ ing upon Siffring, the husky Westerner or Brandt, who proved his worth as a punter last year, to do the line plunging as full-back.

The front line ought to be an impregnable stone wall. Holzhausen and Scharp will hold down their guard positions, unless Nieman.

Lehmann, E. Kuske, or R. Winter prove t.lieir superiors. Palmer, Meier, Kuckhahn and P. Kuske are working for the tackle posi­ tions, while Capt. Uetzmann, Buene：er, Grunwald and Kahlfalls are out as ends. Hillmer our gallant center will again show his stuff at throwing: back the enemies’ line smashes.

The following schedule has been arranged by Manager Boett­ cher: Oct. 9, Beloit at Beloit.

Oct. 23, Lawrence at. Appleton.

Nov. 6, Carroll at Watertown.

Nov. 13, Ripon at Watertown. , A game with Whitewater Normals on Oct. 2 is almost certain.

The boys are' also eagerly looking ahead for a game with the Mil­ waukee Normals at Milwaukee.

—138—

I

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IE艾ctfmig郎 Goshen College Record.

、

Among the few college papers published during the summer months we find the Goshen College Record. The Record differs greatly in arrangement from all the other college journals on our exchange list It is divided into but two parts, literary work con­ stituting the first, and general news, under which “Athletics,” “Notes in General,” and “Social” fall, the second. This division is not bad, but wc believe more interest would be created in the paper, if sep­ arate columns were devoted lo “Athletics,” “Social,” etc.

The first number in the literary deportment is an article, “The Effect of Foreign Population on Rural Life.” The beginning of this article is very abrupt. The writer went “in medias res,” beginning in the middle of a thought which she had very likely developed ir her own mind but of which the first part is missing. Without this missing thought (he reader cannot quite grasp what the author wishes to say in the very beginning. The article, on the whole, is not very carefully written. It contains good thoughts, but they are not well arranged. Again it contains many minor thoughts which are wholly irrelevant. Tlio relation of ideas to one another in para­ graphs and also in sentences is in many places not clear- Then, the writer strayed from her topic. Toward the end she seenp to have forgotten her subject almost completely and to have written on the good and bad sides of Japanese immigration. Judging by the thoughts contained and the writers choice of words, we feel sure she is capable of doing more thorough work. The next num­ ber is a description of a trip in the near East, written by a mem­ ber of a relief corps. The English used is faulty in places; e. g. the author begins two sentences with the so-called feminine The entire description is interesting, but we were several times disappointed when the writer mentioned some interesting incidents, but gave no details of it.

The “news” part of the Record contains too many short “writeups” to criticize each separately. We will therefore pick those which* pleased us most. “Goshen College in the Summer Time” —139—

gives us a good picture of life at the Summer School. The two paragraphs on “The Demonstration School” are well written and to the point. “Notes in General” are interesting and written in good style. Some of the jokes under “Wise and Otherwise” fall a little flat. An editorial or two would be appreciated.

In general the Record comes up to the standard of the ordinary college journal. We hope our criticism will be accepted in the friendly spirit it is given in. The Record is always welcome.

Once more Northwestern’s students are back and with them life and “pep,” ready to start a new year of study and sports. Good luck to our boys!

Northwestern’s enrollment this year is considerably larger than in former years. At the opening of the scliool-tenn two hundred and thirty students were enrolled. Of this large number one hun­ dred and seventy-two received accommodations in the dormitory.

New students of the Collegiate Department are as follows: Irvin Habeck, Robert Falck and Edwin Kalfahs in the Freshmann Class; Alvin Baer, Erich Wacker, Edgar Hoenecke, Walter Siffring, Henry Lehmann, Hugo Schnitker, Hilbert Engel and Victor Albrecht in the Sophomore Class; Arthur Arndt and Erwin Baumann In the Senior Class.

D. Rohda, *22, W. Krenke, ’22, L. Zastrow, L. Adams, E. and C. Nehring, preps., were in Oconomowoc over Sept. 4-5.

—140—

f♦卿 Jlia此妙 yjtli ^ Fred Kaelber, ’24, W. Krueger, ’24 and E. Kalfahs, ’24, motored to Pewaukee Lake on Sunday, Sept. 5.

Art Gentz, ’22, was Northwestern^ sole representative at a church picnic in Juneau on Sept. 5. He reports a good time.

W. Bender, ’23, spent Sept. 4-5 at his home in Markesan, Wis. Among our journeying students is Mutt Reimann, ’24. He made his first weekly pilgrimage to Okauchee Lake on Sept. 4.

Moses Jaster went home to get his toothbrush on Sept. 4 and came back the next day without it.

Vadder, ’21, and his little brother Herbert stayed at home a week longer than vacation allowed because of the silver wedding celebra­ tion of their parents.

Fred Blume, prep., motored to his home in Kenosha with friends on Sept. 4.

On Sept. 4-5, V. Winter, ’22，and R. A. Winter, prep., viewed hills and woods at Monterey, Wis. M. Bienfang, prep., and A. Wolfgram, prep., each returned with a box of “chucking” after spending Sept. 4-5 at their homes in Jef­ ferson.

Bud Knoll, 22, journeyed to Milwaukee on Sept. 4. He must have found some interesting attractions there, as he did not return until Labor Day evening.

1-1 e says he had to do the Monday’s washing.

As yet we have seen nothing of Johnnie' List, ’22. It is re­ ported that he is confined in a hospital at Eau Claire, where he is recovering from an operation on his head. Boozie, ’21, also has not returned.

H. Cares, ’21, was very unfortunate on his return to school. The boat on which he sailed had considerable engine trouble causing him to return two days late.

Mr. G. Villow and son from Kenosha were visitors here on Sept. 6.

Mr. H. Kalinert from St. Paul visited his son Henry on Sept. 6.

John Hermann and Norman Gartzke have discontinued their studies here; as yet we have heard nothing of the whereabouts of Gartzke; Hermann has taken up the study of theology at St. Louis.

W. Weissgerber, ’24, is in our midst again. Shorty retraced his course back to Northwestern on Sept .7.

—141—

■；!： When college opened on Sept. 1, we saw many new faces in the girls* room. Thirteen new co-eds enrolled, making our total number thirty. The new girls are as follows: E. Preitag, M. Kaulitz, I. Seefeldt, E, Lewandowski, M. Jaeger, I. Schultz, H. Wagner, A. Metzdorf, M. Kinkel, V. Bentert, L. Gewecke, E. Worden and P. Zeisler.

The Misses Anna Wegner and Miriam Jaeger journeyed to their homes in Oconomowoc on Saturday, Sept. 4.

The town of Hubbleton was surprised by the arrival of Miss Bertha Holzhuetter on Sept. 4.

The Misses Irene Seefeldt and Meta Kaulitz spent Sunday, Sept.

5, in their home town, Hustisford.

Miss Frieda Zeisler of La Crosse, Wis., enrolled as a special stu­ dent on Monday, Sept. 6.

Pour of our former gay ones, H. Laskey, M. Wetzel, R. Staude R. B. and M. Gehrke visited recitations with us on Labor Day.

fr 1

¥㈣

一Aufstehn! Aufstehn! 一Elmer: These tires remind me of our church quartette. iGeorge: How so?

Elmer: One of them is always losing the air.

—142— —

—Small boy (to father who is spanking him): There’s the twelve o’clock whistle, pop! .一Inquiring lady (watching Vadder prepare a brine solution): Sir, how do you mix that solution?

Vadder: Why I put in a certain amount of salt and another of sugar and then I add some H20.

Inq. Lady: Don’t you put any water to it?

A Literal Salesman.

—Customer: May I change this shirt at this counter?

Salesman: No, sir! You’ll find the dressing room in the rear of the store.

—Consider the fish; he never gets caught so long as he keeps his mouth shut.

—Ex. (B. M.) Prohibition. 一Prof, (in Physics): This thermometer is filled with alcohol.

Speck: How much do you want for it?

Es kamen von dem Westen Zwei Kniiblein wild und keck; Den einen nannt man Arthur, Der and’re hiess sich Speck.

Einst trieben wir Lateinisch, Da sank des Arthur’s Kopf, Dem Speck schien’s ganz dramatisch, Er seufst: “Du armer Tropf.”

Plotzlich da hort man’s lachen, Wie bald ist alles still, Als hoch von dem Katheder Der Lelirer sagen will: “Nmi merket, Juneaus Arthur, Und auch du, Fairfax Speck, Northwestern ist kein Zirkus, Die Klowns sind nicht 'on deck’.”

Logic?

—“Can’t I stay up a little longer, nurse?”

“No, dear; it’s time all good little girls were in bed.”

“Yes, but I was naughty today.”

—143—

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一George: I hear that Smith and Jones have formed a partner­ ship.

Ralph: Yes, one of them owns a pint of vermouth and the other has a controlling interest in a pint of gin, and now they’re go­ ing to amalgamate.

Little dobs of powder, Little drops of paint, Make a lady’s freckles Look just like they ain’t!

—Remember the joke you heard during Prof. * recitation?

Did you jot it down, and has it finally found its way to the B, & R. Joke-Box? If not, why not! The Jokes editor asks for the gener­ ous support of each and every student.

Let’s fill the Joke-Box!!

—144—

f

he Black and Red

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VOLUME XXIV NO. 5

OCTOBER 1920 WM-'

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Northwestern College Watertown, Wi

m

fHE black and red

Volume XXIV.

Watertown, Wis.，October 1920.

Number 5

TWO COLLEGE CHTTMS. Edwin Jaster. ’21.

Again the halls of Grenville College resounded the greetings of the assembling students. All summer the college had been quiet, recuperating from the last school year，but now with open doors it received the returning bovs. All about were scenes of activity; here and there groups of laughing and talking students were to be seen and other groups with suit-cases were coming along the side­ walks. Any one who has gone to college will recall the joy of these reunions. Senior and Preslimon joined in the revelry, and all class distinction was forgotten. Only the new students felt ill at ease amidst this scene of jollity, and they perhaps recalled the statement: a man is never so lonely as when in an assemblage of total strangers.

Suddenly a shout was heard, and a student with a traveling-bag in one hand and his hat in the other rushed round the corner of the building and dashed through the open doors. Almost simultane­ ously one of the group of boys who were standing in the hall detached himself from the rest and in a twinkling the two were em­ bracing each other and dancing about in the hall. Jack Sanders, president of the Junior Class and an all-around good fellow, and —145—

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§你如ad逆J Tom Long, his bosom friend and pal, were the actors in this unique drama of greeting. Both were still swayed by the fire of youth and were ready to join in the playing of any prank within the limits of decency. Sanders, perhaps owing to his responsibility as classleader, was somewhat more reserved and thoughtful of consequences, and several times he kept his impetuous friend out of serious mis­ demeanors. The bond of friendship was strong between them, and both had eagerly anticipated September sixth, the day of meeting after vacation.

“Well, Tom, oldl scout, you look as if you had been among the Indians. Where did you leave that delicate complexion of last year?” asked Jack, after tliey had gone to their room and thrown themselves down on the soft davenport.

“Your delicate features didn’t fare very well either,” retorted Tom. “Believe me, every square inch of my tan recalls vivid mem­ ories of the past. Jack, I never spent a more enjoyable vacation.

Camping, canoeing, tennis, and long auto trips were my bill-of-farc and I surely gormandized. I’d give a thousand dollars to live those three months over again.” “lam glad you enjoyed yourself, and all I need say is that my vacation was practically the same，” said Jack. “It’s great to be out in the open after a year of study to relieve the mind by associ­ ation with other things. Best of all I enjoyed canoeing. There is nothing so restful as to glide over the dark surface of a moonlit lake in a canoe.” ‘*Well, never mind, that’s enough. Don’t start reciting a book of poetry now; let’s go down town and see if the people still lenow us.”

Weeks passed, and Sanders settled down to work and diligently pursued his studies. He was always the same jolly fellow, smil­ ing or talking seriously as the occasion demanded, always ready to help his class-mates. He was highly interested in college activities and especially in the programs which were being arranged for entertainment during the winter months. Long, however, could not settle down to serious study this year. His thoughts continually re­ verted to the joys of the summer vacation; and college life, though a pleasure to him in former times, was now a drudgery.

Whyshould he spend his time at hard study when he could become a partner in his father’s business and enjoy his youth at home? His father himself had expressed tlie wish that he might help liim in the business; so why shouldn^ he drop1 the study of law and enter —146—

business life. This thought gripped him so that it was with the greatest effort that he forced himself to return after the Christmas recess. He began to slum so low in his studies that every one was surprised and especially Sanders. Because of his low rating the faculty would not allow him to play in the inter-collegiate basket­ ball games, and that made him decide. In the evening he confided in Sanders.

“Jack, I am sick of school and study; I am going to discontinue and enter my father’s business.”

“Tom, what on earth prompted this?” gasped Sanders astound­ ed. “Have you forgotten our ideals, have you forgotten that we both resolved to work our way into politics and fight the good cause?

You especially have been making good, and prospects were bright for you last year, and now you do not want to climb the ladder of fame when you have reached it? What caused your resolutions to collapse after so promising a heginning? Tom, old pal，think of the future you are giving up. And what are you substituting? Busi­ ness, the cold process of making： money. We want to make a name for ourselves, that is priceless.”

“O yes, Jack, that is all very well, but a name in the political world is a weak pedestal to stand on, and should we not be lucky, we might accomplish nothing. There is too much chance. We are well, risking our youth, and if we fail to accomplish our purpose that is the end; we are nonetities. But in the business world it is different; there you adhere strictly to your business principles in your dealings, and besides there is a certain honor in that profes­ sion. At least it is safer. My father lias a flourishing business, why shouldn’t I continue it and not let it go to strangers?” argued Tom. “Well, I should like to know wliat prompted this change. Last year you were so enthusiastic, this year you become a renegade to your principles,said Sanders. ‘Torn, you have other reasons; what you said was only superficial.” “jack, you are a sharper observer than I thought, and as my chum 1*11 confide in you. First I am sick of study and long for freedom. Secondly I am tired of this mode of living and want to settle down and establish a home of my own. If I continue law, it would require two more years of study, and then it would be per­ haps five years before I could think of supporting another in a npat little cottage. Third, last summer I met the sweetest, dearest girl In all the world. Jack, I don’t know a moment’s peace unless —147—

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I am near her; slie has captivated me so that the thought of her is uppermost in my mind. She is a darling, Jack, so lovable, so entrancing, that I call her my fairy-queen and do homage to her accordingly. And Jack, she loves me; she said so herself, and she wants me. Picture a home with her to brighten it. I live for hours in the home my dreams picture and, Jack, those hours are bliss and contentment. I am going to realiae that dream as soon as possible.

Law with its ideals is naught compared to my ideal, my darling Evelyn.”

“It isi as I thought，” said Jack, “Woman, when will you cease to delude men? Frailty, thy name is not woman, it is man; man ever willing to be seduced by feminine charms. Resistance is use­ less. Their charms break down and storm the masculine exterior fortifications no matter how strong, and exact a servitude from him greater than that of any victor over the conquered. That man is lucky indeed if no woman comes into his life, until he has com­ pleted his preparations and fitted himself for life. If that all over­ powering charm strikes the membrane of liis feelings during his school days he is lost. He ceases his study to conquer the world and allows himself to be conquered by one of the weaker sex.

Woman is weak in herself, but with a glance slie can command thousands of the strong, and you Tom have fallen into the state of servitude. You let a woman with bewitching smile ruin your future.”

“Sanders，if any one else had said those words, I would con­ sider it an insult, not only to me, but also to the one who least de­ serves it. However, I feel that you are prejudiced out of concern for your friend and pal. Jack, she is not at fault. She said her­ self I should continue my studies and tried to hide her reluctance, but I saw, and my resolve is to make her happy/* .“Can’t you make her happy if you finish your course and at­ tain fame? Then you can establish a home for you and lier.”

“Jack, the future is insecure and no one can rely on it. Al­ ready you see one of its changes. Last year I was the best in the class, this year I failed. What kind of lawyer do you think I’ll be if I fail even at school? No, Jack, I have a sound ship, a safe course in the business world, and a haven of contentment is in sight. My father’s business is flourishing, it is unusually profitable and Evelyn and I may live without worry or care,” Tom resolutely said.

“Whose fault is it that you failed this year, Tom? It is your own, you didn’t study and you know it. What was the reason for —148—

your not studying? A woman, a mere woman. Leave her out of your school-work, make study your affianced and success will be yours. Pay court to the beautiful and steadfast maiden, Studious Application, if you must love.”

“Jack, I warn you against another onslaught against Evelyn, even our friendship does not excuse that,” retorted Tom. “I have made up my mind, and neither you nor any one else can change it or shatter my purpose. I can’t live without her. Shall I sit here at a desk and drink from the bitter cup of study when I could be quaffing of the nectar of love? No, Jack, I have chosen and I have chosen as any mortal would do. I stay till the end of the week and then good-bye drudgery, welcome happiness with Evelyn.”

“Yes, Tom, at the end of the week you will say, ‘Good-bye ideals and future, welcome slovenly idleness;’’ said Jack in a quivering voice.

“Good night.”

The door slammed and Jack was left alone. He had done his best, but had failed. This was not his first attempt; he liad ex­ pected something like this and liad hinted it to Tom. He had tried to interest him in his studies and in the school activities, but Tom had been intractable, and to-night at the open clash the failure was complete.

“I wonder, is there nothing left for me to do?” mused Jack, “I hate to lose my pal, as much as I hate to lose this man for Amer­ ican politics.” Long he pondered, but without a ray of hope he retired.

The next morning Jack noticed Tom’s frigid attitude and it hurt him; they had been such good pals. “I must save him,” thought Jack and that morning during recitations he thought of a plan. He recalled the track-meet of the preceding season. Tom, in the last lap, was live yards behind his opponent. The college cheered and cheered, but the distance remained the same. Then one of the rooters cried out, “He can，t do it.” Immediately Tom’s jaw set, he clenched his fists and forged ahead. The race was won. After Tom had recovered his breath, he demanded the name of the boy who had shouted that pessimistic remark, and although the little fellow was the pride of the school, he had won the undying hatred of Tom. “I can save him by taunting him, but it will mean that I shall incur his wrath/* said Jack, “But if I keep him at college, I’ll be satisfied, although it will be hard to lose his friendship. I must work fast and carefully so that he will suspect nothing if I wish to save him for the school.”

—149—

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At the afternoon session the opportunity occured. Tom was requested to stay after class for a few minutes because of liis miser­ able failure during the recitation. Jack contrived to keep some of his class-mates in a group and turn the conversation to Tom and his resolution to discontinue. The moment lie saw Tom come out of the recitation hall, lie raised his voice and said, “No, fellows, I know Tom, and it isn’t because he wants to discontinue, but it is because he is a failure. He doesn’t care any more, and now wants to give up for something easier.”

Tom heard this. The same expression as on the occasion of the race came on his face. His? jaws set, he clenched his fists and silently walked past the group without noticing them. When Jack entered the room later, he found his friend packing.

“Are you leaving?” he asked.

No answer, but Tom turned his eyes full of bitter wrath and hatred on his former class-mate. Jack despaired. He had lost his friend and gained nothing, but he resolved on one more attempt.

One of the members of liis class was his enemy, not because he had ever given him cause, but because the other was jealous of his hon­ ors. Jack now walked about the grounds looking for this fellow and found him in company with another class-mate.

“Is Tom leaving, Jack?” asked the latter.

“Yes,” said Jack, “He is packing now. I guess he is giving up studying as a bad job. He either can’t study or he doesn’t want to; and any one who knows Tom will also know that the latter is the trouble with him. Either he must study or be shown up in his ignorance.”

The other fellows eyes lighted up, Irere was his chance, As soon as possible he saw Tom and told him all with several additions.

This last was too much for Tom’s pride, and without delay he engaged another room. He was saved for the future, but his friend had suffered. Prom that day Jack’s troubles began, and college life was no longer a pleasure, but a trial to him; still he bore it man­ fully and forged ahead with his class-work. Tom showed up with excellence. He had been dared, so to speak, and this was his incen­ tive to make good. He did all in his power to make life miserable for Jack and succeeded in influencing the class so that Jack was voted out of the presidency. At the end of the year, contrary to all expectations, the Kappa Sigma Society elected another to the presidency; Jack received only four votes.

How differently the fall term opened for the two former friends.

The one was still fostering his hatred, the other was dejected. Tom 一150—

I was back to complete his senior year, but his spirit was again at home. The association with Evelyn had revived his love for her, and his resolutions broke down. The witching smile of a woman, the tender grace of her charms had unconsciously erased the spirit of his ambition, and he decided to leave school. Jack heard of this, but now he was equal to the emergency. The next morning while passing Tom he smiled, and the expression on his face seemed to say, “I told you so.” Tom felt tlie cut and he stayed, to spite liis . former friends.

Jack was not an expert football player, but still he had won a position on the first team. This year, however, under the captain­ cy of Tom Long he was placed on the second. Thus the two semes­ ters were filled with days of bitter disappointment for Jack, and he sighed with relief when graduation day dawned. He had proved himself efficient, and had a sharp discrimination and an excellent knowledge of law. Tom was his recognized rival and had showed himself highly capable of pleading a case. These two former chums now graduated as enemies, and as such they went out into the world. Both proved successful in their respective communities.

Although but fifty miles apart they saw each other but once and then with not the slightest sign of recognition on the part of Tom. Three years passed. Tom married Evelyn and at last had the realization of the happy home of his dreams. His days were now filled with pleasure, and he realized his good fortune at having such a happy home. He began to feel less and less bitter toward Jack since he now perceived that lie had acted for the best. He would even have welcomed a favorable opportunity for reconciliation, but his pride withheld him from seeking it. Jack was still single, but he liad one thing in common with Tom, and that was that both their fames had spread over the entire state. Thus when at the next court-session a case was brought up which involved both coun­ ties, people eagerly awaited the clash when these two eminent lawyers would! be rivals.

Tom eagerly awaited the day; he felt that he had the l.iglit side of the case and he worked hard to win. But Jack also pre­ pared his case diligently. He seemed to feel that this day would end the enmity of his college clium.

The trial took place. The proceedings were long. The prose­ cution of Long was brilliant, but the defence of Sanders was con­ vincing. The jury returned'the verdict of “not guilty.’ Long could hardly suppress his wrath; but when he looked toward Sanders, lie did not see the sarcastic smile which he had expected, but only a —151—

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pleading look in his eyes. This surprised him, and he wondered if Jack was really as bad as he had considered him to be. Uncom­ fortably lie gathered his papers together, and when he again glanced toward Jack he saw him sitting dejectedly at his table.

Hardly knowing why, Long walked up to Sanders, who arose as he heard him approach and extended his hand. “I am sorry, Tom, that I lost your friendship at college, can’t you forget and think of me as a friend. I have been lonesome and miserable since the night we disagreed. I won this case, but I would rather have won your friendship.”

Tom took the extended hand, and the old friendship pleaded hard. Finally lie said, “Jack, I also suffered from the separation.

I feel that you were concerned about my future, and I am glad that you were. You forced me into law, but you did the right thing.”

“Tom, those words I uttered to keep you at college did not come from my heart, I made use a deception I considered to be for your own good,” said Jack. “I wanted to keep you at college and save you for the law, and it is a pleasure to know that you now think as I do. I realized that the only way to save you was to taunt you. You remember that track-meet when that little fellow said, ‘he can’t do it?* I used the same method and it also suc­ ceeded, but many a time I felt sorry for having lost my pal.”

“Jack, you have found liim again. You did more for me than you realize, and I treated you like a dog. Can you forget the past?”

“There is no past. We have always been pals, and pals we shall always remain.”

“No earthly power can again sever the ties of our friendship; your love and suffering have turned them into bands of steel.” said Tom. “From now on we shall face the political world to­ gether and we shall win.”

“I have long awaited this day,” said Jack.

“By the way, Jack, Evelyn waited for me, and we are both happy.”

Arm in arm tlie two friends walked out of the court-room, and Tom stopped at a telephone booth. We shall only record a part of the conversation which we overheard. “Evelyn, have another plate set at our table this evening, my college chum is going to dine with us.” ：•!

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1 FOOTBALL. Martin Buenger, ’21.

In fall much of the student’s interest is centered upon football.

Even on the trains, going from their respective homes to Watertown, groups assemble and discuss the prospects for a successful football season. Especially the players are all eager and anxious to get into their football togs and to tear up the sod on the gridiron.

They await with eager anticipation the coming games, their con­ versations treat of football, and even their letters to parents and friends contain glowing words about football. But strangely, the same enthusiasm about football that the boys experience, is not ex­ perienced by the parents. Many parents are prejudiced against the game and underestimate its value, and therefore either do not per­ mit their sons to play* at all, or only grudgingly give their consent after much begging on the part of the sons. Some boys play foot­ ball contrary to their parents wish and command; but in most cases the unfortunates obey the wish of their parents and stand on the side-lines with wistful eyes and longing in their hearts.

We boys cannot see why our parents should object to our play ing football. The older we get, though, the more we realize that most of our parents’ actions and dealings towards us are motivated by nothing but love. In all cases they try to protect their offspring from bodily and spiritual harm. So also in regards to football. T1 户 parents do not dread the doctor bills so much as the knowledge that their son is suffering pain from a broken bone, a torn ligament or a sprained; joint; for the parents look only at the danger involved in football and the chance their son is taking, never stopping to consider the advantages and benefits of football here at college.

Therefore I shall try to show that every student who is physical卜’ fit ought to play football, and to show where and how it is of much benefit to him. And I hope that some parents will be convinced and allow their sons to participate in this wholesome sport.

Most of tlie parents who have sons here at Northwestern know that the students have a recreation period from four to six o’clock every afternoon. Some students—mostly the younger ones—use this time for swimming, or skating, or any other out-door sport, that is in season; but then again some of the students—mostly the older ones—use this time to go down town and spend their time and money, or rather their parents’ money, in pool and billiard balls, where the air and atmosphere are foul and filthy, where the com—153—

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1 panions and associates are foul and filthy, and where the language and the expressions used are foul and filthy. Or the student is f .imd in ice-creaam p:arlors and restaurants eating, and smoking cigarettes to excess• To be just to all, it is necessary to mention that some, of course, use this free time for studying or reading or some other profitable occupation.

But if a student plays football, lie spends this free time* from four to six o，clock on the gridiron, out in the open air, play;ng this manly game—football. He is under the personal care and super­ vision of two or more professors, who sacrifice their time to serve as coaches. They not only show and teach the student how to play football, but also try to instill the spirit of manliness into him, try to strengthen and build up his character一in short, to make a man out of him, a man whom the parents and institution can be proud of.

In classes a student is not his natural self, consequently it is hardly probable that a professor will learn to know a student and his character during recitations. But on the gridiron, during foot­ ball practice, a student is usually his natural unaffected self with all his faults and failings; and there—on the gridiron—there a pro­ fessor serving as coach can learn to know the student, his disposi­ tion and character, and can start immediately to apply remedies to correct faults and foibles, and to encourage and strengthen good characteristics.

This is more or less an indirect benefit of football. The direct benefits are more numerous, in reality so numerous that they hardly can be enumerated and explained to those who do not understand the game. A mere mention of the more important benefits of foot­ ball should be a cogent argument in favor of the game.

In football every muscle is called into play, every muscle is exercised and through daily practice strengthened. Much running is required in football, then also the hands and arms must be able to grasp and hold firmly, the shoulders must be hardened and in­ ured to shocks and bruises. So the muscles and limbs are devel­ oped, and the players naturally become hardier and healthier. To this is added the knowledge and experience how to use body, limbs and muscles to the best effect. Football teaches us to be graceful, quick and ready to use the implements God gave us to defend our­ selves with. But also the brains and thinking capacity are devel­ oped. A football player has to think and think fast and then must have the necessary push and power to execute his schemes and plans; lie has to out-guess and out-wit the other fellow, and that —164—

I requires brains. Football to-day is a game of science and not a game of brute force. Those who know the game will corroborate this statement. Then above all football teaches us fearlessness, perserverance, self-confidence, and resourcefulness; and these four traits are much-desired qualities in a man’s make-up, if lie wishes to succeed against the world. A person who is timid or afraid, or “yellow,” as we term it in the venacular of the gridiron, can not develop into a successful football player, and it is almost safe to predict that he will not accomplish much in that bigger game, life.

Man naturally is a coward, especially if everything goes against him, therefore it is necessary that he develop and augment his courage. Football is one medium through which he can acquire courage and fearlessness. Hand in hand with fearlessness goes perserverance. We all admire a man who sticks to a thing with bull-dog tenacity and, although he does fail and fall, comes to the top again more determined and more resolute. In football we ex­ perience this again and again. The opponent might defeat our plays and plans, but a real football player will not give ui^ but will try and try again and again. And even if he is playing a losing game he will fight to the last ditch and meet defeat, even though it be a bitter pill to swallow, with a grin. Self-confidence is also a necessary quality of a football player. A player who hesitates and debates if he can do this or that will miss his opportunity and will be an easy mark for the opponents. Last but not least comes resourcefulness. In a football game many unexpected situations and predicaments arise with which the player has to cope. Here lie can show if he be his opponents’ superior in mental prowess, He must weigh and consider, plan and scheme, and then act; and all this quickly.

After practice or a game the players take a shower-bath, first a hot one and then a cold one. If anyone lias sustained any hurts or bruises they are given prompt attention by a competent trainer, co-operating with the college doctor. Refreshed and clean in body the player emerges from his shower-bath with his brains cleared and his mental abilities sharpened, ready to take up the more serious battle with knowledge and wisdom.

Football, as it is carried on at Northwestern College, does not interfere with a student’s studies, neither is the exercise so stren­ uous that it incapacitates him for his work.

— —155—

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THE BLACK AND RED Pablwh«d Monthly bjr the Slud«nU of the Northwestern College.

EDITORIAL STAFF EDWIN A. JASTBR, *21 WM. P. HOLZHAUSBN. »2\

Associate Editor

EDITOR-IN-CHIEF

BUSINESS MANAGERS

ALEX. R. HILLMHR, »2\ CARL F. BOLLE,，21

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DEPARTMENT EDITORS DUDLEY H-ROHDA,，22 VENUS H. WINTER , 922 THBOPHIL F.UETZ MANN，2I VICTORW.THIERPELDER ^23 GUSTAV O. KRAUSE,，22

EXCHANGES ATHLETICS COLLEGE NOTES LOCALS CAMPUS AND CLASSROOM

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03

AUTUMN. The autumnal leaves are falling, and our surroundings are undergoing a change. When we see the many leaves dropping from the trees and covering the ground with a yellow, brown, and red cloak, we cannot but express the thought, “I-Iave these leaves lived in vain?” These millions and millions of leaves created only for a short summer all perish under the cold breath of the autumnal winds. They are scattered about on the ground lifeless, only affected by the stir of the breezes. Have they lived in vain? Indeed not.

They served a noble purpose and brought life/ to the tree on which they budded, and when they drop to the ground the tree becomes —156—

dormant. The leaves are the lungs of the tree. But even in death the leaves are useful, since they cover the ground and protect the grass and flowers from the icy blasts and thus keep nature’s chil­ dren warm during the cold winter. How useful the leaves are!

They beautify the landscape, they bring life to the tree, and even in death they aid the world in its condition.

We learn many a lesson from the leaves. Transitory is the life on earth; change and decay are everywhere, and all things are but made to die. But is “to die” such a bad word to use? After the stormy winter of our lives we reawaken to the eternal spring where Christ the light shines in all his purity. As the leaves protect the grass and flowers, so the grace of God guards and keeps us from the icy blasts of the world, that we may awaken pure and unhurt in his kingdom.

The leaves teach us another lesson. They gather the sunshine and give it to the tree in a form which is beneficial to it Without the leaves the tree would die, roots alone are helpless. The eternal light of faith and salvation beams in our hearts; should we not also give丨 it to the rest of the world, that they may not die? Is it not our duty to help and benefit the world we live in? In what way can we benefit the world more than by giving them the eternal light of the Word, which will keep and shelter them while they re­ main on earth. Then they may also awaken to salvation. Even in death the Christian martyr of old helped the propagaion of the gospel: ten new Christians took the place of a single martyr. But we, the living must' do all we can. We must send forth the light; we must do mission-work.

SOLLEN WIR TEILNEHMEN AN DEM ALLGEMEINEN YOLKERBUNI)?

Ein fur allemal, nein! Obwohl man heutzutage viel von der sogenannten Volkerliga (League of Nations) hort, und sie von vielen empfohlen, von andern verworfen wird, so ist es doch wohl der Muhe wert einiges dariiber zu sagen. Weshalb sollen und dtirfen wir nicht in den Volkerbund eintreten?

Gleich erheben sich eine Menge Argumente. Einige sagen, Eng­ land wird im Stande sein der ganzen Welt vorzuschreiben, was sie tun und lassen soli, denn England wird angeblich mehr Stimmen —157—

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haben als irgend ein anderes Land. Deshalb diirfe man sich diesenii Volkerbund nicht anschliessen. Andere sagen, wenn die Vereinigten Staaten sich der Volkerliga anschliessen, so ist das berulimte “Monroe Doctrine” dahin. Und endlich kommt noch das hinzu, von dem wir gerade jetzt so viel horen und lesen. Es heisst: “Die Demokraten haben uns acht Jahre hinter’s Licht gefiihrt; sie haben die Preise in die Hohe getrieben, sie sind den Englandern und Franzosen gunstig. Deshalb stimmt fiir I-Iarding!”

Dies mag ja wohl ganz recht and billig klingen. Es mag ja Aber dennoch. an alien Argumenten ein Stuck Wahrheit sein. nachdem man diese Volkerliga nach alien Seiten hin und jiach alien Binzelheiten betrachtet hat. muss man sich fragen: Ist es recht, diirfen wir, die Vereinigten Staaten, uns einer Volkerliga anschlies­ sen, die moralisch grundverkehrt ist?

Wenn es moralisch recht und billig ist moglichst viele, systematische, wissenschaftliche Menschenschlacliter auszubilden, dann sollen wir moglichst schnell der Bund annehmen.

Wenn es moralisch recht und billig ist Tausenden und aber Tausenden Kindern das tagliche Brot zu versagen nur wegen einiger technischen Fragen in bezug auf Prieden serklarungen; wenn es moralisch recht und Gott wohlgefallig ist kleineren Nationen, die sich mit Recht der Gewalt grosserer Nationen nicht fiigen wollen. systematise!! den Garaus zu machen; wenn es moralisch recht ist (a moral obligation) anderen Nationen in dieser elenden ‘Weltgrabscherei’ zu unterstiitzen, dann diirfen wir getrost den Volkerbund annehmen.

Preilich hat man nicht vergessen, besonderes Gewicht darauf zu legen, dass der Volkerbund auf okonomischem Gebiete grosses leisten wird. Gewiss wird er grosses leisten, aber fiir wen? Es liegt ja klar auf der Hand, dass die Priedensbedingungen, wie sie zu Versailles formuliert wurden, nichts anderes hervorgerufen haben als Volkerhass. Der Samen ist gesjit. Er keimt schon. Doch wehe, wenn einst dieses Unkraut plotzlicli iiber Nacht emporschiesst!

XJm diesem Unheil vorzubeugen, um diese Erde siclier zu maclien gegen die drohende Rache, will man sich zusammenstellen unter einer Plagge und gemeinsam alles dem Feind entgegenstellen, damit er machtlos dahinschmachtet; nian will ihn ziichtigen (ge­ richtet hat man ihn schon), ihn strafen. Nie wieder soil er seinen Arm erheben. Die Rache, diese edle Wiedervergeltung, soil in jeder Hinsicht vollkommen sein. Und wer soil nun diesen Frevel, diesen zum Himmel schreienden Friedenschluss unterstiitzen, in der —158—

Ausfiihrung desselben mit einem guten Beispiel vorangehen, damit moglichst viele folgen und teilnehmen an dieser teuflischen Rache?

Wir, die Vereinigten Staaten! Und wie? Indem wir uns der Volkerliga anschliessen.

G. K.,，22.

The editor of a college paper not infrequently receives letters from graduates and former students in which the question is asked: “Why don’t you improve your Alumni Column?” This is a very timely question, for, as a rule, the alumni notes do not make up a very considerable part of a college journal nor do they usually con­ tain enough of the material that attracts an alumnus. But is the editor of this slighted column alone to blame for this deplorable condition? Hardly, for without assistance, lie is practically power­ less to make an appreciable change, as only a limited number of alumni can be reckoned to his sphere of acquaintance, and only the doings and whereabouts of this small number are brought to his notice. Members of the faculty quite naturally do their utmost to supply him with usch news of their colleagues as they happen to possess. Besides these very limited sources, the editor has at his disposal only the meagre reports which he gleans from his fellowstudents and which he laboriously has to patch together in order tc have them bear the slightest semblance to news items. It is quit evident that these sources are not sufficient to keep the readers ii touch with the affairs of former students and friends or to enable the editor to furnish them with an agreeable variety of news.

Still, is it worth all the time and trouble that is expended in producing this column? Perhaps those whq through good fortune chance to live in the vicinity of our Alma Mater may decide on a negative answer, but those who in the course of life’s struggles have wandered far away will unanimously register an affirmative. They well know and feel what a wonderful balm a well-organized alumni column is to a lonesome heart. It is like a letter from home, which, calls forth fond memories of bygone associations and which for a moment banishes all thought of human care and worry.

In the past years editors have started agitation in favor of a better Alumni Column by appealing directly to the individual alumni through the medium of personal letters, but they seldom met with success, as they rarely received an answer. Perhaps the recipients were too busy at the time to give the letters prompt attention, or yere hindered through some otlier circumstances from answering immediately. Yet this can hardly be offered as a legitimate excuse —159—

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for altogether neglecting such important notices, for by sacrificing but a few moments of their time, they would be doing their friends and associates an infinite service. Every alumnus and former stu­ dent should feel himself in duty bound to jot down items of interest to other alumni and forward them at regular intervals to the editor of the Alumni Column. Such communications will always be grate­ fully received and will be published as soon as possible. It should also be a great comfort to the sender to know that by doing his bit he has materially assisted the Black and Red staff in improving its journal and in bringing before its readers news that is greatly appreciated and eagerly read. Bear this in mind, dear reader, and w. P. I-I. do all you can to help the good work along.

We are looking for the return of conditions that existed before the war. One of the most important steps in bringing about these conditions is the forcing down of prices. Prices are now showing a downward trend. The first fajl in prices especially on foodstuffs and wearing materials was caused bv the decrease in demand for them. The consumer bought as much as he needed for the present or near future and no more. The producer on the other hand tried to get his products on the market as fast as possible to meet the demand. Gradually the demand decreased, and the manufacturer was oversupp]ied. If the manufacturer was not oversupplied, the broker who handled his products was. This excess supply had to be disposed of, and the manufacturer and broker were compelled to lower their prices. The manufacturer had to dispose of his prod­ ucts, because he had no more room in his warehouses and had to turn his products into money. The broker who bought articles from the manufacturer had to borrow money from the banks to pay for the goods. The banks called in their loans. Now in order to pay the banks he had to lower his- prices to get rid of his supply. This fall in prices on foodstuffs and wearing materials naturally forced other things down. But who is going to be the loser because of this, the consumer or the producer? The producer has the ruling hand and will not lose. While he has an income of $20,000,000 from the control of an article of universal use, the children of the laborer are crying for bread. Because as soon as the prices are forced down, those in control will lower the wages of tlieir employees, and the decrease in wages will not balance this fall, since the prices on all articles will not go down simultaneously. Thus we see if normal —160—

conditions are again to prevail the laboring class must suffer. But why should the laborer suffer? Why shouldn’t the manufacturer be made to stand some loss, since he received large profits before this reaction came? These great profits made many millionaires and made this country the richest and most prosperous of nations. But if those in control cut the wages of the laborers as soon as prices begin to tumble, the labored will be brought into financial difficul­ ties. The outward splendor will remain and the wealth will be con­ solidated in the hands of few, but the conditions among the labor­ ing class will be pitiful. The power of consolidated wealth brings bitter results. As a real patriot the manufacturer ought to stand some loss until normal conditions have again been established, then the wages can be lowered wihout causing serious labor troubles.

F. K.,’22.

—The Rev. Wm. Lindloff,，15, of Tolstoy, S. D., was united in holy matrimony to Miss E. Grimm, of Watertown, a former North­ western coed, on Sept. 14. Prof. Wm. Huth officiated at the cere­ mony, and the College string trio entertained the guests with num­ erous choice selections.

The Rev. Ed. Kolander,，15, of St. Paul, Minn., was a visitor at Northwestern, Sept. 17. On Sept. 25, he was united in marriage to Miss E. Detert, of Waterloo, Wis. Mr. Paul Kolander, a twin brother of our tutor Fred and a teacher at Bay City, Mich., was here for the ceremonies and spent Sept. 26-28 in our midst.

—The Revs. J. Brenner, ’93，O. Kuhlow, *99, and H. K. Moussa, ’00, members of the Board of Visitors, attended recitations during the forenoon of Oct. 7.

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一Prof. M. Sprengling, ’94, of the University of Chicago, spent tlie forenoon of Sept. 14 in the seclusion of the College library. In the afternoon he took a health-walk in the company of Dr. Ott. —W. Heidtke, *20, who is in the graduate class at the University of Chicago, made his appearance in Watertown, Sept. 21, and again, Sept. 30. 一The Rev. H. J. Anger, a former student, of West Bend, Wis., was a visitor, Oct. 3.

—The Rev. A. Eickmann, ’06, of Dakota, Minn., J. Abelmann, ’05, of Edgar, Wis., and W. Hass, ’09，of Oconomowoc, Wis.，were on the gridiron, Oct. 5, watching the football squads go through their diurnal maneuvers.

—Dr. J. H. Ott attended a conference of the W. I. A. A. at Milwau­ kee, Saturday, Oct. 9.

—The Rev. J. C. Spilman, ex ’87, of Edgerton, Wis.，visited the haunts of his son Karl, Oct. 6, in the company of his brother-in-law, the Rev. P. Frey, of Brooklyn, N. Y. 一The Rev. (G. Bergemann, ’85, of Fond du Lac, Wis., was here for a brief visit, Sunday, Oct. 10, on his way home from a mission service at Hartland, Wis. ―Waldemar Retzlaff, ’17, of New Ulm, Minn., who is in business with his father, is wedded to Miss Becker. ―A. Valefsky, a former student, of Brillion, Wis., called on us Sept. 25.

—The Rev. A. Eickmann, ’06，of Dakota, Minn., spent several weeks beginning Sept. 20 in the city of his youth, Watertown. The Rev. Eickmann is recovering from a severe attack of rheumatism.

—Tutor Ed. Hahn, ’16, was a Sunday visitor at Fox Lake, Wis” Oct. 10.

—The Rev. Benno Kupfer, ’16, of Phelps, Wis., visited his Alma Mater, Saturday, Oct. 9.

—A. Wacker, *18, and K. Kuske, *19, of tlie Theol. Sem. at Wau­ watosa, visited their younger brothers at Northwestern, Sunday, Oct. 10. 一Alfred Liesener, ex ’21, who is assisting his father in the man­ agement of a hardware store at Jackson, Wis., surprised his former associates by calling on them, Sunday, Sept. 12. 一The Rev. H. Schmidt, *09, of Manchester, Wis., and the Rev. W. Pankow, ’12，of Friesland, Wis., were mid-September visitors at Northwestern.

—The Prof. C. Schweppe, ’12, and A. Schaller，，07, were duly in­ stalled at the D. M. L. C., New Ulm, Minn., on Sept. 27.

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一The Rev. J. H. Schwartz,，90, of Menomonee, Wis” is now fill­ ing the pulpit at Marshall, Wis” formerly held by the Rev. E. Dornfeld,，97. The Rev. Dornfeld is now field secretary for the Bethesd飞 Home for the Feeble-minded and is doing extensive collecting work throughout the state.

—E. La Haine, ’20, of the Theol. Sem. was one of our distinguish­ ed guests, Sunday, Oct. 3. Naturally, Jack was not alone.

—Mr. A. Hanisch, ex-’18, now a telegraph operator at the North­ western station, Milwaukee, Wis., was a visitor at Northwestern College, Oct. 3. 一Among the loyal rooters who journeyed to Whitewater, Oct. 2, were: the Revs. F. Marohn, ’13, of Richwood, Wis” Max Christian, ’13, of Watertown, Wis” Prof. T. Binhammer, ’17, tutors Ed. Hahn, ，16, P. Eickmann, ’16, and Fred Kolamler，’17. At Whitewater they were cordially welcomed by the Rev. F.Loeper, a former Northwest­ ern student.

—The Rev. P. J. Bergmann, ’09, of Fond du Lac, Wis., was an October visitor at Northwestern.

—O, E. Plath, ’10, is now assistant in biology in John Hopkins University.

Readers of the Black and Red will undoubtedly remember a notice in this column of the last January number stating that the Philomathean and Phi Gamma Rlio literary societies had been in­ definitely dissolved. If we students reflect back on our last schoolyear, we must do justice to ourselves and admit that we missed our customary literary meetings, irrespective of how eventful and in­ teresting the school-year might have been otherwise. We must concede that we ignored the many benefits and advantages that can be derived from literary work. Especially for us who intend to be ministers this extra training is of decided value, since above all we must learn to express ourselves concisely and clearly. Literary work furthers the use of good literature and gives us an opportunity to express our own thoughts. Besides we can do much to stimulate —163—

our taste for good literature, improve our writing, and increase our vocabulary.

Most of us were undoubtedly affected with stage-fright at our first appearance before an audience, and our literary meetings offer an excellent occasion to overcome this annoying sensation. Com­ mon faults among us are speaking too fast and enunciating poorly.

Only through hard and continued practice can these defects be rem­ edied, and literary societies are one place where improvement is sought. That we forced ourselves to forgo valuable aids for orator­ ical improvements was realized by many students before the school year had elapsed.

Therefore on September 17, the members of both societies met and ardently considered the matter of resuming literary programs.

The majority of members were in favor of taking up the work again, and after several obstacles were removed, officers for the respective societies were elected. Prior to this meeting lots had been drawn by the members of the freshmen class and by the other collegiat.es who enrolled this year, in order to determine to which society they should belong. In a short time the two forces of orators will be?in their friendly rivalry and produce programs, which are sure to oe both interesting and beneficial.

The officers elected are: PHILOMATHEAN. President____________ ..Alexander Hillmer, ’21 Theophil Uetzmann, *21 Vice-President________ ____Roman Palmer, *22 Secretary and Treasurer.

PHI 丨GAMMA RHO. President-----_.Albert Meier, *21 Vice-President. .Dudley Rolida, *22 Herman Cares, *21 Secretary and Treasurer.

Our college library has received an appreciable asset through donations of books from two alumni members. Professor Martin Sprengling, professor of Semitics at the University of Chicago, has contributed about two hundred and fifty books from liis private library to the college, of which the most are theological works. The other present is from Rev. E. Hoyer, Randolph, Wisconsin, who in­ creased our library with about one hundred books.

Owing to the scarcity of room in our library, Dr. Ott is forced to store these books in the basement of the recitation hall. But Northwestern is waiting for the time when she will have a new •—16 4—

spacious library, a building which will be able to accommodate all her books properly and place them conveniently at the student’s disposal. With this goal in view a library fund is in existence, and we hope that the friends of Northwestern will give this fund liberal support, so that future students will be able to make proper use of their college library.

“Music’s a great and never-failing treasure To those whoVe learnt and studied it in youth.”

This quotation is a translation from the Greek author Tlieophilus. The development of music among the Greeks was never carried to that degree of perfection, which- characterize their other arts, but, nevertheless, they had a theory of music, had invented several primitive instruments, and had employed the voice in solo and chorus. The Greeks were fond of music, and the many learned realized the beneficial value of a musical education.

We are living in an age where music has reached the stage, of perfection. What with a wonderfully developed theory, what with various forms of music and a large variety of musical instruments at a student’s disposal, he can devote a life’s study to music. But it is not the object of our college to produce musicians, and up till now the curriculum did not provide for any musical instruction.

The students of former years, however, realized and were fully aware that at least a general knowledge of both vocal and instrumental music was an essential part of their education. Especially those of us whose profession will be the ministry, will take with them an inestimable treasure, if they try to accumulate a musical knowledge while at school. To have had a vocal training and be able to play some musical instrument is not only essential and beneficial to a minister, but is» nowadays more or less expected of him. For this reason the college has various musical organizations, of which very many students are members.

A glance at the musical organizations of last year tells an in­ teresting tale. The work of all organizations reached a high stand­ ard at the two well-attended concerts. To be able to play before a large attentive audience was very encouraging for the organiza­ tions and has acted as an incentive for this year. With vigo r and energy the students have begun to fill up tlie ranks, which. were somewhat thinned through graduation, and are beginning rehears­ als with the intention of surpassing the standard which they estab­ lished last year.

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The most popular organization at Northwestern is the band.

It is a noteworthy fact that at many colleges, although they are larger than ours, difficulty exists in organizing and maintaining a band. We, however, seldom experienced much difficulty, and al­ though often handicapped through graduation of members, the open places are soon replaced by serviceable players. This year the band has reasons to rejoice, for lasti year but three players deserted the band, and these vacancies have been filled out by nine new players.

Most of these amateur musicians fall to the cornet section, which has strengthened the cornets, so that the weakness of the second, third, and fourth cornets ought to disappear. All the other sections are well balanced except the clarinets, which will have to play hard to hold their own. For the beginning of the year prospects for the band are brighter than they have been for a long time, and un­ der the leadership of president Martin Buenger combined with dili­ gent individual practicing the college will have reasons to be proud of its band. Professor Westerhaus has proved himself a very able director and will again have charge of the band.

Of the orchestra not much can be said at present, since reliearskls have not begun as yet. Having experienced a loss through the non-appearance of the able violinsts Victor Reim and Herbert Voecks, a gap has been caused in the violin section, but this will be filled by the large n umber of violinsts wlio have presented themselves for admission and among whom there is some valuable material, so that after a few months of practice the orchestra will per­ haps contain over twenty violins. The other sections will more or less remain unchanged, and with, our able cellist, Immanuel Boett­ Professor cher as president the orchestra lias a bright future.

Wendland, who deserves mucli credit for the merit of last year’s orchestra, will again direct this organization.

The work of the chorus is well under way, and judging from the sentiments expressed by the able director, Professor Bolle, tlie results so far are very satisfactory. The many voices are already blending well and are also able to render abundant volume, so that the chorus intends to break all past records. Eighteen applicants have been accepted, which brings the chorus membership up to sixtysix. The president, Edwin Jaster, is working hard trying to inter­ est the members and encouraging strict attendance, and with hearty co-operation on the members’ part the chorus will establish a bril­ liant record.

The large enrollment of new students necessitated that all avail­ able rooms in the dormitory be converted into study-rooms and —166—

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sleeping-quarters. As a result our music-room also was changed into a bedroom; therefore at present all music rehearsals take place in the gymnasium. Plans, however, are being formulated to relieve this conjestion, so that the organizations will be able to return to their old home, the music-room.

On October 7 the collegiate department held a meeting, in which Arthur Gentz and Herman Cares were elected cheer-leader and as­ sistant cheer-leader respectively.

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Whitewater Normals 65 3STortlnvestern 0.

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After three weeks of hard and stiff practice Coach Parisius took our football squad} to Whitewater on Oct. 2, for the initial fight of the season. Full of pep and determination our men entered the field to back up against one of the strongest elevens that ever represented that Normal school. But alas―the same old story, we lost. Al­ though the boys worked hard from beginning to end and played ex­ cellent football throughout the game, a handicap of twelve pounds per man proved too much for them and they returned home with the short end of the score 6 to 0. The Normals received the kick­ off and carried the pigskin to tlie middle of the field where they fumbled. Northwestern, seized the ball but immediately surrend­ ered it again via the fumble route. Each of the Normal backs then attempted a smash but neither could cover over a yard and the fourth saw the oval punted to the other end of the gridiron. After this it was punted back and forth the remainder of the quarter, the whistle finding the ball on our thirty-five line in Whitewater’s pos­ session.

In the beginning of the next round, Buenger, Brandt and Siffring rushed through the Normal ranks almost at will and had al­ ready arrived under the shadow of tlie goal posts, when another fumble gave the ball to Coach Agnews，’ men, who after gaining fiften yards on a long end run punted to our fifteen yard line. It was here where Whitewater made the one and only touchdown of the —168—

game. When Brandt attempted to punt he was blocked , and the Normals fell on the ball. The Black and Red defenders then braced up and held them three yards from the -goal after three downs, but Black and Red GALLS YSEVEN a terrific drive by the weighty fullback placed the ball just over the chalk mark and the score stood 6—0 in Whitewater’s favor.

The second half was marked by a constant seesaw. A number of times the Normal halfbacks ran around the ends with some suc­ cess, and Fricker the weighty fulback repeatedly tore through the ranks for decisive gains, but whenever they aprpoached the goal, their onslaughts were useless for our line stood like a stone wall.

The score of this game does not by any means indicate that we were outclassed. If we had only been able to compete with Whitewater in punting the result without doubt would have been reversed.

It was the first game of the season and we hope for better luck, when the team meets Beloit, Ripon, Carrol and Lawrence for con­ ference games.

The lineup: WHITEWATER— NORTHWESTERN— McMaster _______ T. Uetzmann R. E..

Perry___ _____________ Palmer -R. T. Basthele > ______________ Sharp R. G. Olson__ _____________Hillmer C. Schwan _________ Holzhausen •L. G._ Wolfer — ________ Meier 丄T. Saxton — ___________Uetzmann -L. E..

Fellows _________ Hinnenthal -Q. B..

Brown _____________ Brandt -R. H..

Daihuth.____________ Buenger _L. H.. _____________Siffring Pricker F. B._ Summary: Referee, Lampert, Janesville; umpire: Steinhauser, Madison. Touchdown: Fricker. Time of quarters: 15 minutes.

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We were indeed glad to find the D. M. L. C. Messenger, published —169—

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by the students of our sister institution in New Ulm, on our ex­ change table early enouglv to criticize it in this issue of the Black and Red. The Messenger is a well arranged paper, containing all the departments of a college journal. It is well, balanced, .German articles finding place as well as English. We readily noticed that the several columns are in the hands of competent persons, and we see no reason whatever why the editress with her staff should feel timid and fearful to undertake her task. One thing in the pub­ lication that detracts much from our interest is the very poor proof­ reading* With the exception of the first two articles, the Literary De­ partment is good. In the first article, “Manufacturing Cheese in Wisconsin,” the paragraph structure becomes almost intolerable; ideas altogether unconnected or very distantly related find tliemselves side by side. Then, the sentences are all very short and chop­ py. The abundant re-occurring of some words suggested the thought to us that the writer’s vocabulary is quite restricted. We believe that practise in writing would be of great benefit to liim. The sec­ ond number of the Literary Department is a trifle better than the first. Here the mistake lies not so much in paragraph structure and relation of ideas as in the faulty English. Throughout the article reference is indeed poor. In one place where the author speaks of running into a ditch with a blind horse, the sense is rather ob­ scure. Then, the writer seems to have a liking for such expres­ sions as “so” and “well” introducing independent sentences. The work shows some effort. Following this composition we find a German dialogue, supposed to take place between a parochial school­ teacher and one of his pupils. The title reads: Praktisclie Behandlung eines Kirchenliedes. The dialogue is both interesting and well written. The plot of tlie short story “Lie in Haste Re­ gret at Leiiisure* ’is simple but pleasing. The ending is ratlier abrupt; the Englisish used speaks well for the author. “Der Sperling,” a German article, shows well that the Senior who wrote it is a close observer of birds.

The editorials, two in number, each contain a thought really worth while. In the first the editress with good reason emphasizes the fact that to make a college publication a success, the staff must have the co-operation of every individual student. In the second, tlie deplorable fact that our old, perfectly good Lutheran cliurch music is being forced to give way to new, flighty composition, is well brought out.

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The Exchange and Athletic columns could contain more ma­ terial. Locals and College Notes are written in a very passable style.

On the whole the Messenger is a fairly good college paper.

Success to the new staff throughout the coming year!

一Kewpie Dolls! Kewpie Dolls! Kewpie Dolls!

—Among our desk decorations we have lately found quite a num­ ber of Kewpie Dolls. Abie, Jumbo, Isaac, Schnitzels, Bingo and Jap are among the lucky ones who threw rings at the fair. ―E. Baumann, ’21，Bill Theobald and Bud Husting, preps, jour­ neyed to Milwaukee on Sept .11.

—Louise Leitzke dropped in here a few hours on Sept. 11, to es­ cort her little brother Emil to their home in Hustisford.

—Did you get there? How long did it take you? Have any trouble? Why all these questions? one might ask. Vadder, ’21， and Specs, ’23, cycled to Milwaukee on their trusty steeds “Grey Cloud” and “Spit Fire” on Sept. 11. Five hours saw them to their destination. Specs lias a good grandpa, Vadder says.

—Mr. and Mrs. Charles Kock of Wauwatosa and Mr. and Mrs. F. Pritzlaff and the Misses Clara Buenger and Elizabeth Hassmann, were the visitors of M. and G. Buenger and B. Kock on Sept. 11.

Nine chickens helped to make up a big Sunday dinner for the crowd.

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一I and T. Uetzmann visited their uncle at Reeseville on Sept.

11-12. 一Th Rev. C. Voges, on a business trip to Milwaukee, came through Watertown to see his sons on Sept. 13. ―H. Sieker and G. Rosenhauer, preps, traveled to their homes in Burlington, Wis., on Sept. 11. 一"A. Ungroth, prep, was surprised by B. Kling of California, who stopped off here on Sept. 17, while making several eastern visits.

—M. Bienfang, prep, spent Sept. 18-19 at his parental home in Jefferson.

—The Bretzmann Brothers “shagged” to their home in Lake Mills on Sept. 18. Luckily they “speared” a ride part of the way. 一On Sept. 19, C. Reimann, ’24, and V. Thierfelder, ’23, enjoyed a chicken dinner at Okauchee Lake after they had a bicycle spin from here to help make a good appetite.

—>R. Pautz of Fond du Lac, a former student at Northwestern, paid us a visit on Sept. 18-20. 一Read, all about Gus’ experiences “Over There” as Mutt relates . them in the July 15th issue of the Top Notch. ―After spending a successful day in Juneau on Sept. 19, Schmeling and E. Blumenthal, preps, returned with a big sack of apples and other “chucking.”

—Dutch Kleinke, ’24, was not forgotten at a party in our vicinity.

It seems rather odd that he keeps secret the place where the occa­ sion took place.

—P. Kuske, prep, was one of an entertaining party at a birthday ce lebration at Strache, Wis., on Sept. 19. " ―Lester Beaudreau and Walter Klein dropped off here to see Happy on their way to Fond du Lac on Sept. IS. —We are all glad to see H. Bierwagen in our midst again. Boozie resumed his studies on Sept. 20. Puhlbrigge returned three days later.

—N. Schlavensky was a surprised host on Sept. 21, when his par­ ents and Arthur Oechler motored from Kenosha to spend a few hours with him.

—Wedding'bells called Fred Kaelber, ’24, from his studies to his home town, Kenosha, on Sept. 22, where he attended the nuptial ceremony of his sister. ―Mr. and Mrs. Engel and family were visitors of Hilbert Engel, ’23, on Sept. 22-23. ―Putz Mantel, our walking barber pole, with another friend, strolled along the streets of Oconomowoc on Sept. 26.

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—V. Albrecht has discontinued liis studies here and has decided to prepare for the teachers’ profession at Nw Ulm, Minn. 一Herbert Voigt of Jackson toured to Watertown on Sept. 26 to show his brother Walter a good time.

—^T. Redlin and brother were the guests of relatives at Iron Ridge over Sept. 25-26.

—On Sept. 25-26, C. Bothe, prep, took in the sights of Grafton, Wis. ―W. Bender, ’23, drove a moving truck, which moved his abode from Markesan to Oshkosh on Oct. 3.

—R. Marti was ail unexpected entertainer at Plustisford on Sun­ day, Oct. 3. 一A. E. Strassburger of Oshkosh and Edward Dodge of Lake Mills spent Oct. 3, with Arnie Brandt.

1 —Mr. and Mrs. A. Schoenoff took Paul for an auto excursion to Madison and vicinity on Oct. 3. ―Ous Krause, ’22, went to Jefferson Oct.2, and came back early Sunday morning with a load of eats. Just where he got them no­ body knows. According to reports he pays occasional visits to some muse of his near there. All efforts to ascertain the muse’s abode have been in vain. Let’s wait and see!

—Pour cars started out for Whitewater on Oct. 2, with a jolly bunch of rooters to witness the Whitewater-Northwestern game.

The co-eds could not wait until November 2,—Election day, for their presidential election. On Sept. 13, Edna Detert, ’23, was inaugurated as presiding officer of the co-ed body.

On Tuesday, Sept. 14, several of our number witnessed the wedding ceremony of Miss Elsie Grimm, a former co-ed, and the Rev. W. Lindloff of Tolstoy, S. Dak. Margaret Ott,，23, spent Sept. 18 and 19 with Edna Detert in the pleasant town of Waterloo. They both reported a good time.

Leona Kohn visited with her friend, Josephine Gnewuch, in Lebanon,, Sept. 18-19.

Miss Edna Fritz of Oconomowoc attended a few recitations with us on Sept. 25.

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Reeseville was taken by surprise when Leona Kohn appeared there on Monday, Sept. 27. We wonder, did she think it was Sat­ urday?

Saturday, Oct. 2, Margaret Ott journeyed to Oconomowoc and did not return until the evening of Oct. 4.

Ruth Bolle spent Oct. 2-3 at the home of Miriam Jaeger in Oconomowoc.

Tuesday, Oct. 6, our old friend June Sommerfeld visited with us.

She was accompanied by a friend, Miss Mildred Adams of Madison.

R. B.

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一Prof.: Thierfelder, take this seat, please.

Specs: Well what good will that do?

Prof.: It’s one station closer to the door. ―First Student (reading): Und in der Grosse ihrer Leiden brach sie aus: “0— Second Student ( interrupting): Tannenbaum.

—Cares: I found a button in my salad last night.

Bingo: 0 that was only a part of the dressing. 一Prof.: Warum weisst du denn deine griechischen Vokabeln heute nicht, Karl?

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Karl: Ich haben gestern meinen Onkel sein Basement rein machen mussen. 一It isn’t the rooster’s early rising that makes him so unpopular; Y. C.— i^s his talking about it.

LIKE ATLAS. —Sauer: What does ‘posing as a peer’ mean?

Speck—Holding up a bridge, I suppose.

—Arnie (talking about the popes of Rome): There was Gregory VII., Innocent III, and— Art (interrupting): Guilty IV. —Speaking of movies—don’t fail to see “Shredded Wheat” every Friday morning at 6:30. It’s a cereal.

INVETERATE. 一Office girl: Sorry I’m late, Mr. Mann. I missed the ferry.

President: Miss Keyes, I’m convinced that if you had lived in Noah's time, you’d have missed the ark.

ACCOMMODATIONS FOR ALL. 一Kate: If you’re in financial difficulties, why don’t you call a meeting of your creditors?

George: Good idea. I’ll hire the Yale Bowl. 一Doc: Are you taking anything for that cough, old man?

Patient: No. The revenue men took it. 一Prof.: Was is gut fiir die Augen?

B. M.— Bingo: Seeluft.

FATHER TO SON. 一Dear Virtuoser: I have sent your overcoat, and finding that it weighed too much, I cut the buttons and sleeves off and put them in the pockets.

—If brevity is the soul of wit, the designers of the modern dress must be humorists. 一Bud: Guess what they played on the organ when the church burned.

Arnie: The lost chord?

Bud: Nope.

Arnie: Largo?

Bud: Nope.

Arnie: I give up.

Bud (walking toward the door): The hose.

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Officer( speaking to sailor): Do you see those stripes? Uncle Sam does not give them away for hanging round pool-halls.

Sailor: Well, if he did, I’d look like a zebra. 一A few days ago our dog Fido accompanied us to a saw-mill.

A deep growl echoed from one end of the mill. Fido’s fighting spirit was aroused. In cold blood he attacked a large circular saw. But alas―the saw had scarcely gone one round—our Fido was down for the count of ten.

A LONG LOAN. —Oscar: All right, I’ll lend you a ten-spot. Don’t forget you owe it to me.

Adolph: My dear boy, I won’t forget I owe it to you as long as I live.

A SHOT FOR EACH LIFE. 一Ethel: I’d like to see a revolver, please.

Clerk: ' A six-shooter, I presume.

Ethel: No. A nine-shooter. My husband wants to kill a cat.

B. M.— ―How will Bolshevism ever work if the Bolshevist won’t?

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VOLUME XXIV NO. 6

Northwestern College Watertown, Wisconfin

m'帮: 戀 2m 齡NTENTS

Banker's Son..

184 129 186 187 189 192 195

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Volume XXIV.

Watertown, Wi.s., November 1920.

Number 6

Till： THANKSGIVING OF A BANKER’S SON. C. F. Bolle,，21.

One of the most popular men at the Columbia University was Warner Chalmers, the only son of the President of the New York Exchange Bank, and therefore very wealthy. He was twenty-four years old, well proportioned, clear skinned, fair eyed; an object of universal admiration. It was, however, not so much his personality which magnetically drew friends from the University society, as his lavishness in spending his vast allowance. Constitutions of many a fraternity, society, and club had his signature. The voice of hilarity and enjoyment beckoned him. He listened to its sweet music, followed and was lured farther and farther from the road to knowledge. Reports arriving at the Chalmers mansion every quar­ ter accused Warner’s neglect. Admonishments from home, how­ ever, had little or no effect on their hopeful.

Another school year closed; Warner，s Junior year, A taxi stopped and dropped Warner. Pushing through a large iron gate lie entered the Chalmers estate. The mansion loomed up in the distance from its eminence. He hurried along the pathway, now in dark archways of portly elms and maples, now in the sweltering —177—

[^Jihxtk ^ sunlight. The gushing fountain, sending its watery sheets to the fish pond far below, stopped him. He watched the speckled inhabi­ tants dart about sportively and was almost tempted to leap into the aquarium for comfort. Hurrying on through the balmy flower gar­ dens, he entered his mother’s embracing arms. Mr. Chalmers re­ turned from the Bank early and the family was together once more.

Like a transient dream vacation had come and gone. Before Warner left for the University, however, his father called him to his room to have him begin his last year with paternal advice.

“Warner,” his father commenced, when Warner had seated him­ self, “your reports have been extremely poor, as you know, especial­ ly those of last year. I warned you, but you did not heed me. If your reports show no signs of improvement this year, something very disagreeable may result. You have been an active man in so­ ciety, as I hear, but of what value will that be for you in life? A good social standing is a recommendation for no position. I want you to get a good position in the Exchange Bank. You cannot at­ tend to your studies if you are shackled by the rules and regulations of all those organizations. Therefore I advise you to quit the frat­ ernities and clubs and delve in your books. If you receive a diplo­ ma, and prove yourself the man, you will not be unrewarded,” He paused for an answer.

“Have you nothing to say?” demanded his parent.

Warner glanced from the floor to the eyes of his questioner.

“Dad, watch me make good,” said he with determination. He grasped his father’s hand and bade him a hearty farewell. Warner pondered over the admonition throughout his trip. His father was not so very foolish after all, he thought. The three previous years of pleasure occupied his mind; the thought that he had squandered his father’s money caused a blush to mount to his cheeks. He braced up: “Pm going to be a man!”

But determination to do something is not yet tlie accomplish­ ment of the deed, as Warner experienced. It was terrible to resist the multiplied temptations during the first few weeks. It was tor­ menting to resign from first this, then that and that fraternity or society. The organizations were dumbfounded. Again there was soi^iething to gossip about. His was the most frequent name in the University papers. Friends called on him no longer as they saw they could not influence him. Temptations became less onerous ajid now he sought friendship with his books. Slowly, like a gla­ cier, he forged ahead and crushed or pushed, aside the remaining temptations, which obstructed his path to knowledge.

—178—

I The day of graduation had arrived and passed. Warner had proved himself the man, and had already made himself indispens­ able at the bank. Many people crowded to his window to warm themselves in his sunny smile.

But alas, months of toil and weariness created dissatisfaction.

Warner had strayed from his companions, but now—he longed for them. Most of his associates chose the dolce for niente. Recollec­ tions of university life returned. Dreams flowered into desires; and desires fruited into fulfillment.

One morning while Warner was poring over some papers in Ms corner of the bank, two of his old pals noiselessly stole up to him.

“Hello Warner,” greeted Franklin Pierce, a popular society man.

Warner started. “Why, for the love—Franklin and Wallace— how are you!” greeted he, grasping them both by the hands.

They lived through the years at Columbia again. They enum­ erated all of the football victories and lauded once again the men whose pictures were now hanging on the walls of the Y. M. C. A. Old jokes were repeated and old classmates located.

“We must be on our way again,” interrupted Wallace, son of a wealthy broker.

“But we want your company a^ain to-night. I have three boxseat tickets for the Imperial. Don’t disappoint us—we’re not at the University any more,” Franklin added.

“I’ll 6e with you,” promised Warner, blushing a little at this bit of sarcasm.

“Fine! So long then till to-night! We’ll call for you.”

They disappeared down a corridor. Warner’s gaze still ling­ ered on the spot where they had vanished. These two would make excellent friends, thought he. It was friends, indeed, he was seek­ ing. His desire to taste once again a bit of former life was to be fulfilled.

Some few hours after supper, Warner stepped into Franklin Pierce’s car.

“Now for a little theatre party,” imparted Franklin.

They linked themselves in the continuous chain of automobiles and moved towards the Imperial theatre.

“Here we are,” announced Wallace.

The car swung up to the curbing and deposited the three.

“Be back in about two hours,” Franklin instructed his chauffeur.

They were ushered to their seats. The orchestra below was hit­ ting up a lively tune. The house was dark save for a ring of bluish light which played upon the stage. A prima donna, glittering from —179—

head to foot in her apparel of jewelry, flitted into the light and chanted a popular song, accompanied by soft strains from stringed instruments, while girls, splendidly attired, danced in the back­ ground.

Both Franklin and Wallace had met several actresses. But Franklin^ sole interest lay in Jane Kellog, the prima donna- He admired her, he worshipped her, yes, he would gladly sacrifice any­ thing for her love. She was not like the majority of stage beauties, foolish, frivolous, addicted to flattery, whose sole purpose in life was to ogle and to look pretty. Indeed not! she was sensible and prized a spotless character. Because of these traits, Franklin wanted her. He believed that she had come into his life to stay; lie felt lie could not live without her. But alas, lie was not wanted, as he concluded from her actions toward him. Yet he was willing to wait.

“What a beauty!M burst from Warner, as slie gracefully tripped from the stage.

“We will probably be able to meet her after the performance,M hinted Wallace.

There was just a trace of jealousy in Franklin’s voice as he said: “I’ll send her a note and ask her whether she is free to-night after the performance.

The return note stated that she would be ready for their com­ pany at the Imperial hotel, adjoining the theatre.

After enjoying the performance for some time, they left and drove in the refreshing ocean breeze for nearly an hour. Then they drove up to the Imperial hotel.

A number of actresses were in tlie lobby exchanging choice bits of stage gossip when the young men entered. Warner was soon acquainted with the group. Jane Kellog, wishing to avoid Franklin as much as possible, gave her attentions to Warner, who immediately began a conversation. They talked foolishly at first but soon continued more seriously. It did not take long before they were interested in each other, which of course did not escape Frank­ lin, in whom jealousy had already taken a firm hold- When War­ ner departed, he left with her a good impression. They were both longing for another such evening.

Franklin saw that Jane was fading from his life—she, the only woman he had ever loved. His dreams of their future happiness were dissipated. At first lie blamed Warner, then he recollected that Jane had never really cared for him. He became indignant; lie —180—

cursed them. Each time he met them together his wrath flamed up anew.

Sleepless nights together with large quantities of alcohol nour­ ished in him an almost insane lust for revenge.

Jane was now engaged at the Hamilton, a large, aristocratic theatre on the north side of the metropolis. She resided at the Nor­ wood hotel, but two miles from the Pierce mansion. Franklin had only called on her once. But his ever-observant eyes noted many things: her room on second floor; the fire-escape running past her window; the alley down below; the peacefulness of the district.

It was a Tuesday night Franklin selected in which to satisfy his revenge. He knew that the lovers would not return to the hotel till after midnight, and he framed his plans accordingly, ‘Til throw my revolver into the alley where the police can easily find it, so that they may use it as evidence against him. It’s easy—dead easy.” He chuckled fiendishly, and emptied another glass of the dangerous potion. “If everything turns out well, he’ll be convicted.” A cathedral bell boomed heavily through the night and announced the midnight hour. Provided with liis revolver and a bit of conscience-poison, he left and drove towards the Norwood hotel- Franklin saw no one about as he halted across the street from the hotel. Several autos sped by; now and then a street car would rumble down its path two blocks away. Save for them, the street was deserted. Suddenly becoming aware of a policeman slow­ ly drifting along his way, Franklin stepped into the shadow of a building. The officer stopped at the Norwood hotel, but soon retraced his steps.

Franklin hurried across the street and slipped into the alley behind the hotel. A stream of light from Jane’s room meant to him that the shade was not entirely drawn. Noiselessly he ascended the stage, but the actor in this performance wished for no spectators.

Slowly and cautiously his head rose above the window sill. There they sat not more than six feet from him. Her charming beauty attain bewitched him. He could not kill such a beautiful woman.

He resorted to his flask for aid. Bitterness and envy returned, but with more vehemence than ever. He raised his revolver, levelled it at her head, and fired. Flinging away his smoking gun as he rushed from the scene, he fled west in the protecting murk of the alley, and was soon swallowed up in a multitude of people.

Jane sank lifeless into Warner’s arms with the blood freely gushing from her head. She who had been so talkative, from whose lips such sweet things had issued but a few moments ago, was now —181—

mute. The horror of the situation dazed him and rendered him Incapable of acting. Suddenly he rushed for the window, climbed through it and descended the fire-escape in pursuit of the murderer.

“Stay up there, or I’ll shoot/* threatened a policeman from the bottom of the fire-escape.

Warner was frightened. Now he realized that he had acted very foolishly―very suspiciously. Why had he not notified hotel clerk 8?

A light was flashed on him from above.

“Come up here!n ordered a policeman.

Warner ascended and climbed into the room, which was filled with police officers, detectives and frightened hotel people. Sus­ picions immediately fastened on him.

‘1 didn’t do this,” he managed.

“It may be; but things look pretty bad for you, my good man,” responded a detective.

“I saw them come in after midnight; seems to me they were quarreling then,” interrupted one of the roomers.

“I did not kill her, I warrant you. We were sitting on this sofa talking when someone shot her. from behind. The person must have been on the fire-escape. Jane dropped into my arms dead. I was so dumfounded I didn，t know wliat I was about. The thought of the murder made my blood boil. I was on my way to pursue the slayer, when you ordered me back. Of course I acted very unwisely by not calling hotel clerks.—I’m innocent!” hotly persisted Warner] “Doesn’t sound impossible,” declared a detective.

“Do you really think you’ll get away witli that old one?” de­ manded another.

Mr. Chalmers, arriving after having been summoned, elbowed through the assemblage.

“Father, do you believe I did this?”

“Something prompts me to do so, Warner.”

Warner repeated the story to him, but it failed to impress him.

“I warned you to keep away from that woman. All stage people are alike. The climax has come—I hereby disinherit you. You are in the hands of the law. They will probably1 have more power over you!”

“Father, father, won’t you believe me•—your own son?”

“You are no longer my son!”

With； these words the parent left tlie astounded group, but liis heart soon melted and his wrath gave way to tears. Warner was —182—

I overcome with grief. He sank into a chair and covered his face with his hands.

“0 Jane, if you could but come to life for a moment and prove my innocence!” lie mumbled hopelessly.

At length Warner was convicted since all the evidence was against him. He was sentenced to die in the electric chair Thanks­ giving morning at nine o’clock.

Franklin Pierce grinned diabolically at the happy outcome of liis scheme. But let us leave him and enter the Chalmer mansion.

The sad news sent Mrs. Chalmers to bed with a broken heart. Mr. Chalmers was also fast giving way under this burden of grief. The stricken sought their only comfort in the Bible. And it was through the consolation from it, that they survived this grave affliction.

Mr. Chalmers had already visited Warner several times, on one visit leaving a Bible for him. But he always left the prison with Warner’s assertion ringing in his ears: “I am not guilty!” At first Mr. Chalmers called it stubbornness, but Warner's persistency finally made him doubt; for lie knew that every murderer confesses sooner or later when he is confined with his conscience.

The confinement in the penitentiary was nerve-wrecking. The groans and sobs from nearby cells made Warner dread the nights.

The thought of Thanksgiving Day rapidly approaching made him sick. Hardly a week ago he had seen a nineteen-year-old boy go to the chair. The executioner asked him for the last time to confess his guilt; as he professed his innocence, a blue flame shot from his mouth and he shrank together dead. Three days later he was pro­ nounced innocent. All this played vividly on liis consciousness.

Such was to be his fate. His father had warned him, the prison • cliaplin had often told him to beware of dying with a lie on his lips.

The dreadful day had finally arrived. Warner had not slept a wink during the night. He counted the minutes which he could still call liis own. They waned, quickly.

Franklin Pierce had qualms of conscience. Nights were dread­ ful to him, with, their hideous dreams, in which Warner and Jane haunted him incessantly. He could bear it no longer. Early Thanks­ giving morning he decided to surrender to the authorities. Speed­ ing towards town a car swerved into liis path from a side-street.

There was a crash and Franklin was buried beneath the smoking wreckage. Frantic hands soon freed him and he was rushed to the hospital.

—183—

As he saw he had but a short time to live, Franklin called a doctor and secretly confessed to him.

“Give we that slip!” ordered Franklin when the doctor had jot­ ted this confession down.

Franklin affixed his signature and passed away.

A warden hurried to Warner, a paralyzed heap in the corner of his cell, and joyously broke the news. Warner thought it was another dream; lie tried to fight it away.

“Franklin Pierce has confessed to the murder of Jane Kellog— you are free!” announced the warden again.

It was no dream; it would not leave him. Jumping up he clasped the warden’s coat collar and made him repeat the overwlielming news. His and his parents’ prayers and supplications had been answered.

His parents could hardly believe their eyes when Warner en­ tered the house a free man. They thanked the Lord for bringing to light tlie innocence of their only son.

THE PLYMOUTH COLONY. Reuben Marti, ’22.

The year 1920 marks the tercentenary anniversary of the land­ ing of the Pilgrims. After weeks of perilous sailing they succeeded 'in crossing the stormy Atlantic in the staunch ship Mayflower. After many days of coasting along the wild New England shore they fin­ ally decided on a location and cast anchor in Cape Cod Bay near the present site of Plymouth, Massachusetts. With devout prayer they set foot upon the land which was to be their home. They found no friends to welcome them; no hearth-fires glowed to warm the mothers and shivering infants. Only the cold bleak landscape, an endless unexplored wilderness confronted them. In the forests the lurking visages of hostile Indians were to be seen peering at them from behind every imaginable ambuscade, until the very for­ ests themselves appeared to be made up of red-skins. Here they landed. The last tie of friendship between them and their friends, whom they had left on that memorable parting wlien these 102 Pilgrims sailed from England on Sept. 6, was severed forever. Never again did they expect or even wish to return to England, nor did the prospect look bright to them that their friends would ever join them here in this desolate wilderness.

—184—

Ever mindful of the fact that they had left England because of religious persecution they resolved to establish in their new home a state without a king, a church without a bishop, and a purely demo­ cratic commonwealth. The essence of the compact which they had made was to sanction religion according to the dictates of their con­ science. Thus was laid the foundation of an independent little re­ public in which they bowed their knees to no one save God alone.

Under the able guidance of William Bradford, their governor, they soon realized what it meant to be free and independent. They knew of no internal strife; they were at peace with their neighbors, yes, even at peace with the hostile Indians. Above all they were at peace with England, for, during the seventy years of their existance as a colony they never had a charter or a royal governor. Thus they grew and prospered by the blessings of God and above all dem­ onstrated to succeeding generations masterful feats of endurance, manliness, uprightness and patience through their never weaken­ ing confidence in God. The principles which at first prevailed in this little Plymouth colony still reign supreme in our nation, which, in a larger sense is but an enlargement of the Plymouth Colony. The true Ameri­ can spirit of to-day is Liberty, liberty especially in respect to the church. History has proved the church to be more prosperous when not interfered with by the state. It has always been a curse to any government to mingle with the affairs of God. By the example and effort of the United States practically every civilized nation at least tolerates the worship of God according to the dictates of the conscience.

This year, in this same spirit of liberty the United States, Eng­ land, and Holland are again commemorating the founding of the Plymouth Colony by the Pilgrim Fathers in 1620. We are grateful to them not only for having given us a new nation, but for having established the principle which they so earnestly defended, the prin­ ciple upon wihch the United States rests to-day―Liberty.

—186—

THE BLACK AND RED PublishedMoalkljr bj tho StudenU of tho Northwoatern College.

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iBixtnxmh THAlSKSGIVIiNG. This year marks the 300th year since the landing of the Pil­ grims, and the celebration of Thanksgiving dates back to the same time. On the rolling ship close to the bleak New England shore, the Pilgrims knelt and unitedly manifested their thanksgiving with words of praise to the God who、had allowed them safely to cross the treacherous ocean, and seek a new liome. To outward appear­ ances they had little to be thankful for. Still, wlien we consider that it required three months to cross the stormy Atlantic in the staunch but small Mayflower, their safety was alone in God’s hand and it was proper that they rendered Him their thanks.

After a winter of hardships they welcomed the spring and when in the fall a bounteous harvest greeted their eyes Governor Brad­ ford issued a proclamation for a common thanksgiving. This was the first Thanksgiving for the bountiful harvest. But the thanks were not only for the abundance of prosperity; thanks were rendered in the meeting-houses to the God who safe had kept them —186—

from all harm throughout the year, and had brought them to the new, land where they now had religious freedom.

This was the first Thanksgiving and since then the custom has been observed in New England. Since the Civil War the President issues a pompous proclamation, and the people celebrate the day by the outward manifestations of eating and drinking. This cus­ tom of a bounteous table is in many ways deplorable, and especially so during the last thirty years. People go to church for thanksgiv­ ing services and hear true thanksgiving preached from the pulpit, but the thoughts of many and especially of the younger people are concentrated not on the sermon, but on the thanksgiving dinner prepared and awaiting them on the dining-room table. Thus it is quite natural that they associate thanksgiving to God only with re­ spect to abundance and prosperity. They are misled by the sight of the overloaded table and give thanks that tlieir hands were in­ strumental in the bringing forth of a bounteous harvest. To be thankful that they are still alive, to be thankful that they have been protected from harm, that their country is at peace, and above all, that they still have religion which grants them peace of mind and assurance of salvation by faith, is but a minor part of the thanks­ giving. An excellent repast is by no means wrong and should not be abolished, but neither should it be elevated to such importance as has lately* been customary.

This is the tercentenary of Thanksgiving and this year, when the president issues his proclamation, let us realize that our thanks belong to God who lias kept us safe under the cover of His protec­ tion and has cared for us and has blessed us with the privilege of J•— hearing His saving Word.

SARCASM. Sarcasm is an abstract term and a proper definition of it can only be derived from the effect sarcasm produces. Directed against a person it is similar to the prick of a spur on a horse. The spur effects two results, depending on the nature of the horse, either it tends to make tlie horse irretable, exciteable, or restless, or it tends to make the horse slow and indifferent. Neither of these results are of much benefit. Now since the effect of sarcasm is similar, it is certainly not beneficial. There is no doubt that sarcasm does at first spur on tlie person against whom it is directed and the results —187—

for a time are gratifying, but soon the person under constant goad­ ing develops one or the other of the above mentioned characteris­ tics; either he becomes nervous, excitable, loses his power of con­ centration, and is incapable of doing good work, or he becomes lazy, indifferent, and developes that “I don’t care any more” spirit. The good results are quickly annihilated and the later evil effects are permanent. Whisltey stimulated and then dulled. Cocaine and opium stimulate a person and exhilarate him; but for how long?

These drugs produce a quickening of the heart beats, but are poison­ ous to the body. Sarcasm is harmful to the mind, and should not be used as a weapon of the stronger against the weaker; neither should it be used as a dangerous stimulant.

Sarcasm is cowardly, because it is only a weapon of the stronger against the weaker. No one will sling a sarcastic remark at anyone who is his superior in intelligence, because he will find liis remark returning, directed with added scorn against himself. Many a man ■has suffered the withering scorn of an assemblage when the sar­ castic remark which he uttered was returned to him with disastrous effect. Sarcasm is an effective weapon in the hands of the stronger to discomfit the weaker, but it is the weapon of a coward. It is like the duel in which the one party fights with a pistol, the other with a pen knife. That sarcasm is a sting all realize because there are few who have not experienced the stinging effect of it. Sarcasm cuts deep into a sensitive and even into a hardened nature, and it instills in the victim a spirit of hatred. Sarcasm causes only irri­ tation, mortification, hatred: nothing is gained.

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What is the aim of the Allies in demanding from [Germany, besides the 140,000 cows already yielded up, 810,000 more to be fur­ nished within the next four years? Why should they in this age when money has become the legal tender ask for cows as part pay­ ment of the indemnity? Perhaps they do not realize it, but they are systematically killing the children of Germany and are not only crushing the country now, but are destroying its strength for years to come. They are wreaking vengeance on the infants in the cradle; is this humanity? They are carrying on a deadly war of extermin­ ation against belligerents who are at peace; is this true peace? To take the milk necessary for every child, to snatch the crust of bread from the clutching fingers of a starving infant, displays tlie highest form of cruelty. The Allies won the war and they have the right .*

—188—

to demand indemnity of the Germans. The Germans did kill and confiscate a large number of cows in Belgium and northern France and the Allies also have a perfect right to demand restitution; but let them be satisfied with money, and factory and mine production.

Revenge should not be the moving factor in the punishment. The Assyrians were noted for their cruelty toward conquered people and pratically destroyed whole nations. Have the Allies advanced no farther in civilization than the Assyrians? May their demands be tempered with, mercy. Let them demand money, anything, but not the food of helpless babies.

' *

一While on a visit in this city on Oct. 14, the Rev. A. Westendorf, ’16, of Flint, Mich., succumbed to the football fever. Lining up in his old fullback position, he carried the pigskin for several sensa­ tional gains against the College squad.

•—The Rev. J. Abelniann，，05, of Edgar, Wis., who has been iu this fair city on a vacation, favored his Alma Mater with a visit on Oct. 19.

—The Rev. W. Pankow, ’12，of Friesland, Wis., was a spectator on the gridiron, Wednesday, Oct. 20.

—S. Herrmann, ex ’18，after completing his course at the Con­ cordia Seminary, St. Louis, Mo., is now in the graduate class at the University of Chicago. His brother Jolin，ex ’21，entered the Seminary in St. Louis at the beginning of the school-term.

—On Oct 2S, the College Board of Trustees met in the dormitory to elect a candidate for the vacant professorship at this institution.

A call was extended to the Rev. Oswald Hensel,，08, of Wausau, Wis. 一The Rev. H. Rosin, ’14, of Globe, Ariz., was united in marriage —189—

on Oct. 21, to Miss Johanna Uplegger of the same place.

—The Rev. Max Christian, ’13, assistant pastor of the local St. John’s congregation, was quietly married in Clyman on Wednes­ day, Oct. 20, to Miss E. Radtke of the same city.

—The Rev. Herb. Daib, a member of the ’09 class, who received bis theological training at the Concordia Seminary, St. Louis, Mo., and is now pastor at Adell, Wis., spent a pleasant hour on the Col­ lege gridiron, Thursday, Nov. 4.

—Mr. Armin Retzlaff, ’17, of New Ulm, Minn., stopped off at North­ western Oct. 29, on his way home from a business trip to Detroit, Mich.

—Prof. J. Meyer, ’93, of the Theological Seminary, Wauwatosa, Wis” preached at a special service in commemoration of the Refor­ mation at the local Trinity English Lutheran Church, Sunday, Oct 31.

—Mr. M. Hackbart, a former student of our college, who was later graduatted from the D. M. L. C. at New Ulm, Minn., and who is at present teaching at Winona, Minn., called on members of the fac­ ulty, Nov. 3. He was on his way to attend a parochial school teachers’ convention held at Milwaukee, Wis- Miss A. List, a former Northwestern co-ed and a teacher at Winona, also favored us with a call and later journeyed to the teachers* convention.

—The Rev. Frederic Zarling, ’01, of Zumbrota, Minn., visited here Nov. 1, and brought with him H. Kolbe, wlio was enrolled as a stu­ dent of the Business Department.

—The Rev. H. Schneider, ’08, of Owosso, Mich., was the guest of the faculty, Oct. 21-22. He was forced on account of ill health to retire from the ministry and has entered business to gain a live­ lihood. From here he journeyed to Appleton, Wis., to attend a meeting of a missionary board, of which he is a member. It is gratifying to note that Rev. Schneider has almost fully regained his health, though his voice is somewhat impaired from a recent operation, and that lie occasionally fills tlie pulpit for his overworked brethren. ―The Rev. A. Sitz. ’09, of Rib Lake, Wis., was our guest, Oct. 21.

—The Rev. J. Halverson, ’81，of Rockdale, Wis., agreeably sur­ prised his classmate, Prof. Wm. Huth, when lie visited him during recitations on Saturday, Nov. 6.

—The Rev. Rajmiond Huth, sometime graduate of the Commer­ cial Department and graduate of the U. of W., pastor of the Massiah English Lutheran Church, Milwaukee, Wis., was married on Oc.t 14, —190—

to Miss Minnie Grinsel, of Wauwatosa, Wis. The Rev. Herman Gieschen officiated at the ceremony.

—Dir. E. R. Bliefernicht, *03, of D. M. L. C., New Ulm., Minn., was a spectator at the Carroll-Northwestern game, Saturday, Nov. 6.

Also the Rev. F. Marohn, ’13, of Richwood, Wis” Al. Manthey, *15, of Kenosha, Wis., Helmuth Schaefer, *17, of Kenosha, Wis., Waldemar Heidtke,，20, of Chicago, 111., Ted. Boettcher, ex *20, of Kaukauna, Wis., Art. Fathauer, ex ’21，of Chicago, 111” G.丨Glaeser, ex ’21, Cudahy, Wis., G. Steffen, ex ’21，Milwaukee, Wis. 一The following Seminary sUidents also gave our team their loyal support: W. Bodamer, *17, A. Zeisler, *18, L. Vohs, *18, E. Duxe, *18, J. Henning, ’18, W. Meier, ’IS, G. I-Ioenecke, ’18，E. Blakewell, ’18, L. Bernthal, ’18, E. Falk, ’19, M. Croll, ’20, M. Stern, ’20, G. Press, ’20, E. La I-Iaine, ’20, R. Krerner, ’20, K. Timmel, ’20, C. Kuske, ’19.

AUS DEM SEMINAR. Es war bei uns with rend der letzten zwei Monate so grosser Mangel an Papier and Zeit, dass.wir nicht Zeit fan den etwas iiber unser Leben hier zu bericliten. Nichtsdestoweniger sei hier verolfentlicht, dass wir noch auf clem Erdboden sind.

Wir hatten wahrend dieser Monate viel Besuch: Die Herren Pastoren Schroeder, Abelmann, Puhlbrigge, Westendorf, Froehlke, sowie die Herren Kuske, Croll, Schumacher, Glaeser, etc.，etc.

Die Beamtenwahl des Coetus fiel so aus: Pras., W. Meier; Vice-Prases, W. Bodamer; Sekr” B. Westendorf: Schatzm., C. Hinz.

Prof. Meyer hat die Dogmatik mit der ersten und zweiten Klasse iibernommen，und Hebraisch mit der dritten Klasse. Prof. Henkel hat Homiletik und Katechetik.

Unser gemischte Chor hat sich aufgelost. Wir haben nun an dessen statt einen Studentenchor, der an .jedem Dienstag Abend Singstunde hat. ::.’町赋 Die **jungeren neueren Herren,” das heisst die III Klasse, wurde ohne Ausnahme in den Frauenverein aufgenomraen. Auch haben -wir einen Plattdeutschen Verein, von dem Arthur Matzke, Prases, Ray Timmel, Vice-Prjises, Sekr. und Kassierer ist.

Der Bachelor’s Club ist leider nicht gewachsen durch die III Klasse.

Wahrend der Sommerferien ist das Gebaude repariert worden.

Die Strasse nach Wauwatosa wird gepflastert.

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Das Biicherjudengeschaft haben die Herren Gieschen und Leh­ mann geteilt, damit Herr Lehmann sich nicht die Schuhe allein ablaufen muss.

COLLEGE NOTES. Until this year the curriculum at Northwestern did not provide for any musical training, but upon our return this fall we found that the four classes of the preparatory department each have one period a week devoted to singing instructions. Under the direction of Pro­ fessors Bolle, Wendland, and Westerhaus, the youngsters are taught the elements of music and the correct method of singing. They be­ come acquainted with the visual structure, mathematical measure­ ment, various forms, history, and the composers of the universal language, music, and also learn to control their vocal chords, which through continued practice makes them able to make use of nature’s perfect musical instrument, the human voice. This system creates an excellent foundation for the development of material for the musical organizations. After a few years all students will be fully acquainted with the rudiments of music and will be able to apply what they learned by joining one of the musical organizations. This early training will in time also raise the standard of our organiza­ tions, especially that of the chorus.

Thursday afternoon, November 4, offered an exceptional treat of classic music to the students of Northwestern. A recital was ren­ dered in the college chapel hall by three celebrated artists. Josef Konecny, Bohemian violin virtuoso, Mary Tris, American pianist, and Lola Murel Alley, American soprano. All numbers rendered were of excellent quality and certainly appealed to the students, as was manifested by their loud applause. The high quality of good music when played well and the effect it produces were realized and appreciated by many.

The violinist Josef Konecny showed himself a master of the —192—

violin through his wonderful technique and beautiful tones. Of special merit was the rendering of the Concerto in D Minor. It is obvious that only a real artist could have made the violin inter­ pret the deep meanings of the masterpiece that were embodied in the composition by the composer. Very pleasing was the exact time with which the pianist followed him, and every ritardando and cre­ scendo was regular and exact.

Since many who were present were piano-players themselves, Mary Tris soon found favor with the audience. She showed in her solos that the piano was subservient to her skill, and she displayed a highly developed touch. Her best number was undoubtedly Rhapsodie Hongroise No. 2, which held the attention of all music lovers.

Decided coolness and absolute surety characterizes her playing.

The third artist. Lola Murel Alley, made use of the instrument that is completely under the control of the possessor and takes the direct interpretation of the musician. Miss Alley possesses a welltrained voice, which is able to produce clear and rich tones, and her wonderful range enables her to render very high notes.

The program rendered: Smetana 1. Violin and Piano—Bohemian Airs 2. Soprano—Aria, “One Fine Day” (From Madame Butter__ Puccini fly) _____ Liszt 3. Piano—Rhapsodie Hongroise No. 2________ Wieniawski 4. Violin一Concerto in D Minor_____________ Allegro Moderato Romance Allegro a la Zingara _Lee 5. Soprano—(a) “Meet Me in the Willow Glen” Man (b) Red Morning_____________ _ .Mozart 6. Violin—(a) Minuet — Schubert (b) Ave Marie 7. Piano (a) Oh, That We Two Were Maying!___ Ethelbert Nevin (b) ’Twas a Lover and His' Lass_______Ethelbert Nevin (c) Exhilaration__________________ Wm. H. Sherwood 88. Soprano(a) Good Morning Claire!____________ E. Pessard (b) What’s in the Air Today?________Robert Eden 9. Soprano with Violin Accompaniment—Bird of the Moun­ tain Hubert Owing to the high prices since the war it is quite natural that the expenses connected with athletics at a college are much higher —193—

now than they were years ago. The cost of sporting goods has doubled, and tlie cost of the trips which a team takes during a sea­ son also runs into much higher figures. The athletic fees of our college, however, which are a part of the student’s annual expense, were not affected by the upward trend of prices, but remained un­ changed. The result is that the Director of Athletics encounters a difficult financial proposition. Especially this year, when a new lot of football suits were indispensable, and several expensive games were played, an approaching deficit in the athletic treasury seemed unavoidable.

This condition was mentioned by one of the students in a stu­ dent-body meeting, and they decided to take up a collection among themselves. A collector was nominated on each floor, who imme­ diately began soliciting, and their efforts were crowned with suc­ cess- Almost one hundred dollars were contributed. This is in­ deed a proof that not only those who are able to participate in sports take interest in athletics at Northwestern, but that the student-body as a whole is willing to aid athletics in every possible way.

The political campaign, which preceded the election, brought many politicians and party speakers to Watertown. Among these was Dr. P. S. Reinsch, Democratic candidate for senator, who ad­ dressed an assembly in the Turner Hall on Saturday evening, Octo­ ber 23, and during his stay in this city visited our faculty. Dr. P. S. Reinsch is a former student of Concordia College at Milwaukee and a graduate of the University of Wisconsin. He served our coun­ try for many years as ambassador to China, which position he re­ cently resigned. The visit of the candidate, however, did not change things much, for the result at the polls showed a decided sentiment in favor of the Republican candidate.

On October 9 the people of Watertown had another opportunity of doing charity work. It was tag-day for war-sufferers, and all those moved by the higher motives of humanity took part in the drive to relieve the hunger and want among the children of Ger' many and Austria. The tag-movement was under the auspices of the (German Relief Committee of Watertown, which has done some laudatory charity-work since the close of the war. The suffering is extreme especially among the children of the war-stricken re­ gions and in large cities. A scarcity of food, especially of milk, pre­ vails in most places, so that thousands of hollow-eyed mothers are 一194—

fighting that bitter foe, starvation, while their dear little ones are crying for food. Such conditions ought to soften our hearts and create willing givers, especially amongst us who are living luxuri­ ously and very-often extravagantly in a land of plenty. Being eag­ erly willing to help this good cause, each student of Northwestern felt it his duty to be the owner of a tag, although in many cases meager allowances did not permit a student to contribute accord­ ing to his wish.

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BELOIT 24, NORTHWESTERN 0.

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Displaying a brand of football scarcely expected of our eleven this year, Northwestern sprang a surprise on the famous Tommy Mills* confident gridiron veterans at Beloit, Saturday, Oct. 9tli, when we nearly took them off their feet and battled them to a standstill almost three quarters of a game. It was not until the whole team lay down from utter exhaustion, that the tide finally took a turn and Beloit got away from us with a 24-0 victory.

When our blue jerseys entered the field, they were derided as a high school team, as easy losers, and the spectators, who had come there to witness a clash between two evenly matched Wis­ consin colleges, appeared to be sorely disappointed. But the Wa­ tertown Hilltoppers soon manifested that, although light, they could and were determined to play football. Beloit received the opening kickoff, but the giant back-field men were unable to cover enough ground, and our opponents were humbly forced to punt. When —195—

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Northwestern gained possession of the oval, Siffring quickly plough­ ed through the line for twelve yards, Brandt following with eight more yards, A general silence suddenly pervaded the whole sidesquad had fallen from the clouds and were now I lines; the Beloit battling furiously. During the entire first half the fight was hot and close and full of exciting plays, Northwestern^ passing com­ bination excelling that of Beloit, while Coach Mills’ men had the edge over us in the punting game. Time and again our line held out against the terrific onslaughts and forced Beloit to punt or held them for downs. We broke up play after play. But to keep up the struggle and to outplay them took more energy than we had.

Working as for life in the intense heat and dust of the clay against hardened men, the endurance of our boys at last gave out.

Captain Theophil Uetzmann, the mainstay of our team, was com­ pelled to quit the field with a broken nose and other injuries; Quar­ terback Hinnenthal was carried to the sidelines with a severely in­ jured knee; and the balloon went up. Beloit recovered a blocked punt on our eighteen yard line and went over for a touchdown: Wooten the giant guard, whom our last year’s baseball men will well remember as a pitcher, added three points with a drop kick from the forty yard line; and Radebaugh and McDonald dashed around the ends for thirty yards scoring two more tallies.

Weary, worn out, disgusted and crippled our men returned with another defeat on their backs. The game showed what endurance can do to win. Capt. Uetzmann’s injuries are' not serious but Hinnenthal will probably be out of the game for the remainder of the season.

The lineup: NORTHWESTERN (0).

BELOIT (24) _______Wilburn Uetzmann ■ .R* B..

Palmer__ Loggan _R. T._ ■_RUth Kuckhahn .

R. G. Hillmer ― Murray C. __Wooten Holzhausen _L. G. Meier___ __Sclaeibel L. T._ Sharp___ ___ Saxby .L. E._ Hinnenthal —Maxwell Q. B._ Brandt___ ___ Addie R. H. B. Buenger McCarthy .L. H. B. Siffring McDonald __F. B._.

Touchdowns一McDonald, Maxwell, Raudebaugh. (Goals from —196—

touchdowns一Maxwell (3). Goals from field—Wooten. Substitu­ tions—Cares for Uetzmann, Knoll for Hinnenthal, Todd for Woo­ ten, Worthington for McCarty. Refree—Huegel. Umpire—Mann­ ing. Head linesman—Davis.

LAWRENCE 2G, NORTHWESTERN 0.

In a hard-fought game the powerful football machine of Law­ rence College defeated our pigskin chasers at Appleton, Saturday, Oct. 23 to the tune of 26-0; and again we were disappointed in realiz­ ing our highest ambition—once to break the monotonous losing streak and to triumph in a victory. When we entrained for Appleton, we knew with whom we were to contend, that our opponents were not by any means easy, that they were in fact one of the strong­ est elevens if not the champions of the Little Five conference; even Beloit received a good drubbing at their hands the week before.

Since Quarterback Hinnenthal, who featured in other games as an open field runner, could, not be in the lineup, we had to rely upor Buenger, fast left half, to call the signals for us, while Sharp oc cupied Buenger’s position.

Lawrence opened the scoring in the first ten minutes of play when Wlioeler’s toe booted a beautiful drop kick squarely over the goal posts from the thirty-eight yard line. These three points made the barrier between us and victory over so strong an aggregation seem practically insurmountable and inspired the Methodists with life and pluck. For, setting out from their own territory in the sec­ ond session, they rapidly advanced across the gridiron on straight line bucks, Capt. Kubitz tearing across for a touchdown. Goal fol­ lowed. No sooner had they the oval again in their possession when another march down the field ensued. By this time, however, the patience of “Tay” Uetzmann and his clan became exhausted—they not merely checked the advance on the ten yard line but were send­ ing the attackers backward, when the ball was again given to Whoeler, who sent it over the bar for his second drop kick of the game, and the score stood 13-0. This was all that Lawrence really merited, for the rest of the points were made on two fluky touch­ downs: When Sharp punted in the third quarter, our gallant right end，Capt. Uetzmann, rushing down the field met with a serious accident, and the speedy Johnson raced by, carrying the pigskin along the edge of the field for a seventy-yard run and a score. Al—197—

though the Appleton men had not been able to complete a single forward pass during the whole game in spite of repeated attempts, yet, as luck would have it, after they had been uselessly pounding away near our fifteen yard line, with only thirty seconds left to play, Kubitz simply threw, and the ball landed in the hands of a Lawrence man just behind the chalk mark.

Not once did tlie Black and Red come within striking distance of the goal line, the ball being in our territory by far the greater part of the game. Although several passes worked out well, the passing game, which made Northwestern distinguished in former years, proved more or less ineffective. This fact does not at all signify that our boys made no gains at all or received the ball only to lose it on downs or to punt it out of danger. On the contrary, the heavy Lawrence line was ripped up again and again, while our backs went through for many yards, but the gains were very un­ timely and not in quick succession. A thrilling moment it was, and a gleam of hope flashed up in our minds in the last quarter shortly before the end of the game, when Sharp got away with a long end run. The entire Lawrence line had already been left behind save the safety, and an open field lay before him, but a slippery grid­ iron and a pretty tackle by Johnson downed him and with him all chances of a tally.

Northwestern returned beaten but not disgraced. Fighting entirely against odds in size, avoirdupois and experience, our men played the best game of their lives. It is utterly impossible to pick out any individual stars, for each and every Northwestern player worked hard and starred in his respective position.

The Lineup: LAWRENCE (26).

NORTHWESTERN (0).

Wheeler___________ ■!R. E.__ _____T. Uetzmann, (Capt.)

Hunting__________ __________________ Palmer __R. T. Hunting__________ ______________ Holzhausen __R. G. Smith_____________ __________________Hillmer C. Ketchan___________ _______________ Kuckhahn L. G.__ Whoeler__________ ____________________Meier .L. T. _ Doering___________ _____________ I. Uetzmann _L. Basing____________ ___________________Brandt -R. H. Kubitz (Capt.)____ ____________________Sharp -L. H..

Johnson__________ _________________ Buenger Pond_____________ ___________________ Siffring Touchdowns—Kubitz, Johnson, Whoeler. Goals from touch­ downs—Whoeler (2). Field goals一Whoeler (2). Referee一 —198—

Stayiey. Umpire—Fairchild, Head linesman—Davos. tions—Cares for T. Uetzmann.

Substitu-

WAYLAND ACADEMY 31-_N. W. C. RESERVES 6.

On the 30th of October our second team motored to Beaver Dam for the annual skirmish with Wayland Academy, the only secondteam game of the season. But even the reserves could not set a precedent for our college eleven; they received a trouncing in a slow and ragged game by a 31-6 score.

Things looked bright and hopeful in the beginning when the seconds made first downs three times in succession by smashes through the Wayland line. Groth recovered a free-for-all fumble and ran thirty yards. But after this everything favored the Aca­ demy, and the ball lay in our territory the greater part of the game.

On a recovered fumble, on an intercepted pass and on a blocked punt Wayland crossed the goal three times in the second quarter, and the first half ended with the seconds at the short end of the score 21-6. In the second division the Academy eleven scored twc more tallies both on intercepted passes.

Penalties, fumbles and absence of mind, not meritorious playing brought about the defeat for us. Except for a few instances Wayland could not pierce our line. Their passing game also proved a failure. The only decisive gains that were really earned were those made on the long end run, and even that play was broken up again and again.

The academics were all rangy men, but as regards weights both teams were well matched.

The lineup: NORTHWESTERN (6).

WAYLAND (31). ___________________Cares Seidel____________ _R. E. _________________Nieman Clay_____________ R. T. ______________ R. Winter Conley___________ R. G.. ________________ Krueger Scott____________ C. Bowman_________ __L. G— _______________ Lehmann Hall_____________ __L. T.__ __________________ Kuske Hackendalil______ .__L. E._. __________________ Rossin Summerfield______ __Q. B.__ _________________ Kleinke Usner ____________ ___________________ Groth .R. H. B. Henricks _________ L. H. B.. _______________V. Winter Corey____________ ______________ 丨Grunwald 一B._.

—199—

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Touchdowns—Summerfield, Hackendahl, Henricks (2), XJsner, Grotli. Goal from touchdown—Usner. Substitutions—Peisst for Lehmann, Henning for Rossin, Bierwagen for Groth, Bretzmann for Feisst, Kaelber for Bierwagen, Klein for Grunwald, Knoll of Kleinke.

AUGSBURG ECHO. Among the better papers on our exchange-table, we find the Augsburg Echo. In reading the Echo one thing pleased us: we sel­ dom hit a rut or a bump, caused by bad English or incoherent thought The paper is well edited.

We were glad to find a poem, something which most collegepapers lack, heading your “Literary Department.M The author of “A Gall to Service” did well in emphasizing the fact that follow­ ing Christ’s challenge by becoming liis servant and missionary is a great privilege and a glorious calling. The article “Are You Do­ mg Yoiur Share?” was written to awaken interest in college activities, social, literary, athletic, etc. Applying the writer’s earnest exhortations to our own student-body,—as our societies and organ­ izations are practically the very same as those at Wartburg,一we feel that he is in the right and that it is our solemn duty to keep this in mind while we are at school: “Alma Mater First!” By bet­ tering the merit of our literary societies, musical organizations, etc., we help better the standard of our Alma Mater. The article “Young Man, What is Your Objective” is well written. One thing that might strike the reader, however, is the long introduction. We be­ lieve that if the writer had omitted the introduction and begun “in medias res,” his point----- which was to show the great contrast between the low aims of many and the one great aim, whicli is to cultivate a strong “personality in which ability is attended by a humble trust in God and which in accomplishing all tasks ever keeps the main precept of Christ in mind; that, namely, to love one an­ other,w which should be the ideal aim of all would have been —200—

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brought out fully as well. “Youthful Ingenuity” pleased us greatly; while reading this short narration, reminiscences of one’s own child­ hood are awakened. The style used in writing fits the theme.

The “Editorial” column could be more extensive. The thought of the one editorial is the usual one that occurs in the first issue of a college paper at the beginning of a new school year—students sup­ port your paper! Topics of the day afford us an infinite amount of material for editorials.

We were glad to find that you still publish Norwegian articles and regret that we are unable to read them.

“Exchanges” shows effort on the part of the editor of that column; likewise do “Alumni” and “Athletics.”

To the Echo staff our best wishes!

—On Oct. 10, R. Dammann, prep., left his studies to recuperate from a severe case of blood-poisoning. He has fully recovered and resumed his studies.

—E. Prenzlow, ’23, left us for a few days. He spent Oct. 2-3, with his parents at Woodland. On Oct. 4, he was called to Hustisford on account of the death of his uncle.

—Ed Jaster, ’21, and T. Voges, ’21, enjoyed Oct. 9-10 in Montello, Wis., at the former’s home. Moses hired a car to show Voges the vicinity of the “Granite Town.” 一K. Koehler and brother, preps., went to Columbus on Oct. 9, to —201—

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see relatives from Oregon, who were visiting there.

—A. Werner was surprised on Oct. 10, when his father and sister came here to spend a few hours with him.

—H. Ihlenfeld, prep., left his studies on Oct. 9, and helped fill his father’s silo at Greenleaf, Wis. Oil Oct. 17, lie returned very will­ ing to take up his studies again.

—Mutt and Vic were disappointed with their bike trip to Mil­ waukee on Oct. 10, having many obstacles, including rain and mud, to contend with, so they tried it again the following week and were favored with a successful journey.

—Bingo, ’21, and Tay, ’21, went to the state capitol to see the U’S eleven defeat Northwestern University of Evanston, 111., on Oct. 16.

—A fractured arm compelled Helmut Timmel, prep.； to migrate to Oconomowoc on Oct. 15. Being fully recovered, he returned November 3.

—W. Siffring,，23, H. Engel, ’23, and Fuhlbrigge, prep., on tlieir trip to Milwaukee on Oct. 17, stopped off at the Seminary to see for­ mer friends and pals.

—C. Albrecht, ’22, was a disappointed traveler when he arrived at Wauwatosa on Oct. 16, for his brother Brass was not at the Sem. on that day.

T. Redlin, ’23, and G. Fischer, ’22, drove to Lake Mills on Oct. 24, with all Watertown^ velocity. Later in the clay there were two others seen in their Ford with them, who were said to belong to the teaching force of that place.

—Nieman, Voecks, Rossin, Bender and Kalfahs were among tlie enthusiastic throng who witnessed tlie Lawrence-Northwestern game at Appleton.

—R. Koch, ’24, accompanied by the Rev. Bunge, motored to State Sanitorium, Oct. 24, to see Wm. |Guth, a former student, who is con­ fined there. Guth was in our midst on Nov. 1.

—W. Krenke, ’22, and D. Rhoda, also ’22, spent Oct. 23-24, with their former classmate L. Reuter, at liis home in Milwaukee.

—Mr. and Mrs. Husting of Goodhue, Minn., visited with Bob from Oct. 21-24.

—Norman Slavensky, prep., toured to Kenosha on Oct. 30. Hd had to come back the next afternoon and missed a good time. ―A. E. Eberhart, prep., was one of a liappy crowd at a birthday celebration at Brownsville, Wis., on Oct. 31. ―W. Prank, prep., was called to his home in Jackson on Oct. 29, to help share his sister’s wedding cake.

—Bob Husting, A. Zarbock, Jr., and Sonn Bros., preps., traveled —202—

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to Fond du Lac, on Oct. 30, where they were the guests of Mr. and Mrs. A. Zarbock.

E. Wacker, *23, and 0. Henning, *23, heard J. Henning, ’18 of Wauwatosa preach in Oconomowoc on Sunday evening, Oct. 31. 一Oct. 30, brought to Helenville A. Frederking, prep., who at­ tended a young people’s banquet at that town. 一Lighthorse Harry, our sole Madison representative, did not take up his studies until Oct. 25. It is rumored that when he started for Watertown in September with his Maxwell he got stuck, but after many difficulties were overcome, he finally arrived here.

—B. Kalilfahs, F. Kaelber and C. Reimann, all ’24, went to Mil­ waukee, Oct. 30. 一M. Buenger, ’21，had to put his mark of approval on a new Ford Sedan and went to liis home in Kenosha on Oct. 26, to do so. He returned Oct. 28, with Rev, C. Buenger, who came here on business.

—Lefty Sauer, ’21，was present at the commemoration of the Golden wedding of his grandparents in West Allis on Oct. 28. 一All good little girls and boys enjoy ghost stories, especially on Halloween. R. Hillemann, prep., played an important role at a party in Oconomowoc on the eve of Oct. 30. 一What ails Abie Cares? That was the question on one morning in early November. After considerable thinking on the part of sev­ eral of his interested classmates, it was found out that he had not received the usual “Good Morning” smileJ from the inside of yon oval frame on his Desk, for—the contents of tlie frame had seem­ ingly evaporated.

Oct. 7, Irene and Hildegarde Schwartz of Marshall, formerly of Menomonie, entered the Tertia and Quarta classes respectively.

Saturday, Oct. 9, Gertrude Zabel was taken to the St. Mary’s hospital for an appendicitis operation. TEe operation proved suc­ cessful and we expect to see Gertrude in our midst in a week or two.

On Saturday, Oct. 9, quite a few of our number were stationed along Main street “tagging” for the German and Austrian relief.

The Misses Verena Strassburg and Leona Hibran visited classes Saturday, Oct. 9.

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1 Miss Ethel Block enrolled as a commercial student in the Fresh­ man class on Oct. 11.

Edna Detert went to Milwaukee on Oct. 14, to have her eyes examined and a few days latter she returned with a pair of “specs.”

On Oct. 16, Margaret Ott was brought on the table for an ap­ pendicitis operation at St. Joseph’s hospital, Milwaukee. Margaret recovered remarkably fast, and just two weeks later she returned to her home, where she is now trying to regain her health and strength.

On Friday Oct. 22, eight co-eds, while out on a hike along the Rock River, organized a hiking club. “The Peppy Eight,as they term themselves, are planning weekly tours to small neighboring towns.

Edna Detert went to Milwaukee, Oct. 23-24, to visit Margaret Ott at St. Joseph’s hospital.

Oct. 30 all the co-eds joined in a Hallowe’en party in the reci­ tation building. One of the co-eds made a very good ghost, as was proved by the yells and screams of frightened girls. At 11 o’clock a delicious luncheon was served and soon after the girls dispersed, after having spent a very enjoyable, although spooky, evening.

R. B.

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一George: I’ve got to work hard next winter.

Luke: How’s that? Aren’t you coining back to college?

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―Alphonso: Which is heavier, a half or a full moon?

Gaston: A full moon.

Alphonso: My dear man, you，re badly mistaken. A full moon is twice as light.―Ex. Prof.: What will you be when you grow up?

Prep.: A doctor.

Prof.: What kind of doctor.

Prep.: Well, either a sturgeon or a physician.' 一O.: Wo hat denn der eigentlich seinen Sohnwitz? (Er meinte Wohnsitz.)

EXTRA! EXTRA! 一Big fight! A conductor on the C. M. & St. P. punched Art’s ticket. 一Prof. (To Bud, who “stalls” at the black-board): you trying to do anyway?

Palmer: He’s just practicing. 一A: B:

What are

VISITOR IN A FACTORY. How many people work here?

About half of them.

—Bobby had his first box of animal crackers. When he had eaten half of them, he sat pondering.

“What’s the matter,” asked his mother.

“O，” replied Bobby, “I was just thinking what a circus is going B. M. on now inside of me.”

—The height of Butcli’s ambition: Being able to steer a street­ car round the corner.

—Prof.: How did the Byzantians ward off the enemy?

Peris.: They used Roman candles. 一Prof.: In what three ways can water be purified?

Beans: By freezing, distillation, and flirtation (filtration). 一Prof.: Was bedeutet “mausetot?” uintaner: So tot, dass kein Leben mehr da ist. onductor (tapping Reimann on the shoulder, when Thierfelder persists in disturbing the other passengers with his whistling): Kindly check your stork in the baggage-car. ―Hank: Was the girl glad to see you?

Flint: Was she! Why, she smiled so hard she had to side­ track her left ear to let it by.

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—二T?=1173 -1"S|F>W

―Senior: Where are you from?

Freshie: Mount Bevo, near Beer.

—Ex.

―Registrar: Where were you born?

Prosh: In Nebraska.

Reg.: What part?

Frosh: All of me. ―I. Prep.: What is Hamlet?

II. Prep.: A small ham of course.

—Bud: Ah! I see the whole Swiss Navy.

Happy: Where?

Bud: About two blocks to the right. The strongest ship is in the lead. (Swiss cheese!)

LOST AND FOUND! —Indeed, no one would blame tlie co-eds because they attempted to advise a certain inmate of room 79 to draw the shade while pos­ ing in front of the mirror. Just imagine one of the stronger (?) sex combing hi& hair, tying his tie, adjusting his hat, and dancing in front of the mirror for half an hour! Vanitas! Vanitatum! Vanithe war is over now and surely the tas! But lest we forget stronger sex is not to be blamed for the high cost of flour! 一A Reader.

—A girl likes a promising young man, but others prefer one who pays cash.

Have you heard about the big invention? You haven’t? Well just visit Moses, who lodges and lias some boarders in Room 16. He has perfected a machine which kills flies without pain. It actually kills real animal flies. The method is simple. Moses pursues an individual fly. After lie has cornered the poor creature, he forces it to crawl through the key-hole. As soon as it emerges on the other side Mutt talks the thing to death. Up to date we have not heard that any fly has ever screamed. Thanks to the humane inven­ tion of our friends, Moses & Co.!

—What would happen if the editor of the Jokes column should tell Santa Claus how many times you failed to do your duty in fill­ ing the Joke-Box? Do your Xmas shopping now and get a “pull” with Santa Claus by filling the Joke-Box. —206—

Thanksgiving We will give you an opportunity to buy a suit of clothes or an overcoat cheaper than you can buy the same anywhere in or out of town. Also all other wearing apparel for man or boy. Our prices are lowered to such an extent that it will pay you to buy whether you need it or not. Note these great cuts in price.

ADL

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^lothkA Suits formerly “

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$40.00 now $31.50 - 50.00 “ 35.00 60.00 ^ 42.00 - 75.00 “ 45.00

Overcoats and other Suits cut in the same proporticn.

We^emann-Faber-Kaercher Co_ Phone 596-2R

Watertown, Wis.

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A SAVING PLAN FOR EVERY MAN

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Merchants National Bank WATERTOWN, WIS.

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Sunnyside Barbershop

Cor. N. Fourth St. and Mandison Sts

TheNYAL PAUL H. BEHLKE

The Corner Druggist

W. E. Volkmann, First-Class Barber Haircuts 25c Shave 15c

Store Watertown, Wis.

EXCEPT SATURDAYS HAIRCUTS 35c

High Grade Candies，Cigars and Cigarettes.

Kodaks and Suppliec

0- F« 1URZWEG DEALER IN ,

FINE BOOTS, SHOES AND RUBBERS. Please Give Us a Trial We Try to Give Satisfaction

BITTNER & TETZLAFF Drugs

402 Main St.

^atdiler's Grocery CARRY A FULL LINE OF

STAPLE AND FANCY GROCERIES Phone 75-W

413 Western Avo

College Athletic Supply Co. FINE

Base Ball,

Basket Hall, Foot Ball, Tennis Supplies

Catalog on request

Milwaukee, Wis-

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VOLUME XXIV NO. 7

DECEMBER 1920

Northwestern College

Watertown, Wis.

TABLE OF CONTENTS LITERARY The Waif...................

The* Mental Parasite.

209 211

EDITORIALS The Spirit of Christmas___ Reforms ____________ ____ Our Musical Organizations

213 214 216

ALUMNI.....................................

217

COLLEGE NOTES................. .

219 222 227 229 231 232

ATHLETICS.............................

EXCHANGES............................

LOCALS.................................... .

CO-ED NOTES...........................

CAMPUS AND CLASS-ROOM

TBE STAFF . . • OF • ••

THE

Black and Red Extends to All Subcribers and Patronizers

A Merry Christmas . . . AND A . ..

Happy New Year

The Message of Christmas Bells.

Hark, my heart, for all around Christmas bells ring out tli© sound, Telling that on. straw and hay, For us once an infant lay.

What the angels did proclaim, Ringing chimes resound again, And re-echo through the sky, “Glory be to God on High.”

Listen, they have more to say To us mortals on this day, Of the child upon whose birth Sang the angels, “Peace on earth.”

HoW the Father sent his Son In this world, which he then won, With his blood redeemed from sin, For this cause, “Good will toward men.”

Oh, my heart, this Christmas-tide, Welcome now and let abide; Just believe this fervently, “Christ has come to live in thee.”

T. F. U.,，21.

THE BLACK AND RED

Volume XXIV.

Watertown, Wis., December 1920.

Number 7

THE WAIF. Edwin Jaster, ’21.

A fierce north wind was blowing the snow against the throngs of people hurrying along the streets of Chicago. At every fierce gust, the warmly clad pedestrians would shiver and draw their fur coats closer about their necks. At times the wind in mad fury at the resistance of the people would strive to blow them off their feet and against the walls of the buildings, but the throng bent forward and resisted tlie blasts, and the wind, balked in its purpose, gathered the snow-flakes and hurled them revengefully at the exposed faces.

The snow clung fast and half blinded the people, but still they hur­ ried on, looking only ahead not noticing the passing of others.

It was Christmas eve and the bells were ringing, although the sound was muffled by the snow-laden air. The Yuletide was here, the festival when all the Christian world rejoices and declares a holiday. The hurrying multitude was but a small part of those who were happy, and but a small part of those who were sad. For tliougn this was a night of rejoicing, each year circumstances cause millions suffering and pain. Universal joy can never reign in this sinful world of ours. In that hurrying throng there was one wlio could —209—

not rejoice or Join in the merriment. Jostled about in the crowd, a small boy was begging for a crust of bread. He was cold and hun gry and his ragged coat was but a slight protection against the icy. cold. His body was numb, and he could hardly resist being • tramped upon by the crowd. He shivered and coughed and tried to brush the snow from his face. He was crying and the tears were frozen on his face, and his eyes were sore from rubbing. He was so cold that his little body shook violently and a numbing pain oppressed him. Still he did not want to leave until lie had money, and in this happy crowd there must be one who would pity him.

He tried to shout to attract attention, but his weak voice, coming from that cold frame, hardly reached his own ears, and the pedes­ trians passed him by unnoticed.

Here this child stood, an orphan, homeless, friendless. Forced by circumstances to go out into the cold world and earn and beg the money necessary for his bare existence, he knew not the words play or sympathy. Often he had looked into the windows of a home and had seen the happy family in a. cosy room and had wished for just one night with such a group. He had seen children asleep in their mother’s arms and had wondered how that must feel. He aad seen a father talking pleasantly to a child on his knee and had tried to imagine the joy that that must be. He knew that this night was Christmas eve, and he knew that people had some reason to rejoice, but he could not understand why. He would have liked to rejoice also, but he was hungry, tired, and lonely. He began to cry again, but no one in the crowd noticed him. If he could only get a nickel for some bread to appease his hunger, he could find some sheltered spot in an alley to sleep during the cold night; but though the passing people had dollars in their pockets, they had not one cent for this shivering orphan child. His weak voice was not no­ ticed, and then some one stumbled against him and he fell down.

He stood up and began to drift with the crowd. He became tired and numb and felt that he must sleep. His steps began to lag and he staggered out of the business section into a more quiet street.

Here an elderly man noticed him and gave him a quarter. If the man had seen the look which the poor child gave him, he would have considered that the best charity work he had ever done. The child’s thanks were more profuse in action than in words; he was overwhelmed. Clutching the coin he started for a restaurant, but lie was so tired that he huddled down in a corner of a doorstep near the street to rest a moment. He drowsed away, he forgot the quar­ ter, he forgot his hunger; and he slept, to awaken no more.

—210—

1

The next morning he was found frozen stiff, dead. A sympa­ thetic crowd soon gathered; all were moved to pity at the sight of this young child frozen and dead. Many were stirred to tears as they noticed how thinly he was clad and how frail he was. A hundred hands were now ready to receive him, and all were moved, even the most heartless. The newspapers printed the story of his death, and charitable people gave him a decent burial. Many mourned at his grave. A monument was erected on his grave from a rich contribu­ tion. But it was all too late, the child knew nothing of this; he was dead and did not feel their aid and sympathy. He saw not the sad faces, he knew not that tears had been slied for him. The last he had remembered was that a man had given him a quarter. Even that deed had been done too late. He had lived unnoticed and un­ cared for; his death was known and mourned. Soon he was forgot­ ten, and the people again went their way. They had not yet learned their lesson, and it would require the death of many another poor unfortunate to remind them of their duty to the suffering poor. The dead deserve tears, but the living deserve aid, and aid must be given where there is need. This year especially the living deserve aid; countless shivering orphans beg for help, thousands of people want.

May their supplications reach the ears of sympathetic people who will render aid.

THE MENTAL PARASITE, D. Rohda, ’22.

What is a parasite? In botany and in zoology we know that it is a plant or animal that lives on another plant or animal and re­ ceives its nourishment from it. Now, among men there is also a species of parasite to be found, one whom we in our everyday life call the “sponger,” tlie fellow who is constantly borrowing collarbuttons, cigarettes, or anything he happens to be in need of, the person on whom all look with a feeling of annoyance. It is not he, however, whom we wish to discuss here, but his more destructive cousin, the mental parasite.

On the sixth day of creation God made man and designed him to be king over all creation. As we know, a king must in some way be superior to his subjects; so here also, God made man superior to all other animate things in creation by giving him an activebrain wherewith he should be enabled to think, to understand, and to reason. The vast majority of men—if not every one—born since 一211—

Adam, have been endowed with this most inestimable, invaluable gift of |God, and the only thing that is left for the individual to do, is to use it and use it correctly. To-day the man who really uses his brain as he should is usually successful and an asset to his sur­ roundings, while he who does not, is nothing but a detriment to the community, a parasite, feeding on other people’s thoughts and opin­ ions.

A well and correctly developed brain elevates its owner, even though he be despised by all the brainless rabble, and gives him dignity both in bearing and character. It enables him to think clearly, to see things clearly, figuratively speaking; to grasp the ex­ pedient, and to become leader of liis inferiors. But look at tlie other man, the mental parasite, who can form no opinion of liis own, who can not think for himself, but follows unthinkingly in the trail of the unthinking, misled mob. One minute he is following this person, the next minute that, never knowing toward wliat end lie is really being led. Is lie not in a deplorable state? And why? With­ out looking at it from a religious standpoint, we are inclined to believe this: Because he lias never accustomed himself to think, because he has never stopped to form an opinion for himself, and has now become so degraded as to believe that he can not. Where there is a will there is a way, and the patli to betterment in this case is to practise thinking, practise judging for one’s self, not following this man because his appearance is prepossessing or that, because lie has pleasing ways, but because we have weighed him carefully in our mind, have estimated liis values, and have been persuaded that there is something noble in him.

The masses as a whole do not care td think very imicli, and it is probably good in many cases that they do not; but a people that does not think at all but is blindly led by its feelings instead of by its reasoning powers is a dangerous thing; for if unrest, revolt, or the like arises in a party or place of some importance, the people will be blindly swept along and may bring doom to country and civilization. Most men hate such calamity and try to avoid it, and here is one way for us to help: Let us not be mental parasites, but let us judge and consider for ourselves, ever keeping the good of all in view, never planning for our own selfish ends.

—212—

瞧E BLACK AND RED PubIUh«d Monthly by the StudenU of tlie Northwestern

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THE SPIRIT OF CHRISTMAS. To how many people do the Christmas tidings bring joy and comfort; how many anticipate the night of December 24th in the right spirit? With a sad heart we must confess that the greater majority on earth do not know the real meaning of Christmas.

Many who have never learned the true meaning shall some day know; but there are many who have heard the tidings and have forgotten, discredited, ridiculed them. They deserve pity. They have heard that Christ laid off hia' omnipotence and was born a man, that he might save man, that He was crucified for the sins of man, that He took our punishment to relieve us of the curse; and they disregard all. They have neglected the way to salvation which God in his mercy prepared, and have tried to reason out a plan of salvation that conforms to their feeble mind’s conception. Instead of believing in Christ’s merit, they try to put themselves on the level —213—

with God and show how they can save themselves. But God did not ask man for his advice when he planned our salvation; so why should his thoughts be compared to our puny reasons. This is the reason that man’s exaltation of himself is in vain, still, though they see failure at their every attempt, people continue in their rational­ ism, and try to ferret out God’s secrets and question liis method of ruling us. They do not realize that a God whom reason can com­ prehend can not be God. Every onei must resort to faith to grasp God and not to reason, and they who try the opposite will find it impossible. They steel their hearts against religion and the Bible, and in a world of materialism and rationalism religion dies. Who, by reasoning with himself, can believe the Bible? What goes beyond his reason he calls false. A wonderful philosophy, a wonderful egoism! Of what is his mind capable? He< can not by logic solve t£e mystery of electricity, yet no one can sanely say that it is not.

Who can give a definition of a tree and explain its growth? Yet none can say that, because he does not know what a tree is, it does not exist. Then how are they, who can not even solve the common phenomena of earth, to solve the mystery of Heaven and of God? They accept it as true that a tree exists although they can not prove it; therfore we accept it as a truth that there is a God, and in this faith Christianity continues. Faith, hope, and love must not fall victims to the modernizing tendencies of to-day. Why should a per­ son be so ready to believe a philosophical doctrine which, as history has proved, endures at the most a few years and succumbs to a doc­ trine of an altogether different type, when the Bible lias stood and will stand as the truth. Those who have sunk into that apathetic state and try to solve everything by reason are but grouping in the dark, a prey to all horrors of uncertainty, a fitting tool for Satan.

This year when the Christmas season is at hand, let us remem­ ber what Christ did. He came to earth and lived, suffered and died, and when on the cross He cried, “It is finished,n He meant that He had completed our salvation, and in the Bible he lias proclaimed it to us and all mankind. The Bible has stood unshaken since the beginning, and we who found our hope upon the Bible have built on an immovable rock.

J.— REFORMS. The past few years have brought forth numerous reforms and —214—

numerous systems by which the world is to be made a perfect hab­ itation for the human race. Crime, sin, avarice, greed, war, and misery are to be banished, and every one will live in peace and plenty, and every hour will herald some new joy. Truly, if these measures and reforms would bring about the state of affairs they portray so nicely to the people, then they should be adopted, but thus far they have fallen flat and have left the world as bad and in many cases worse than before. Several years ago socialism was praised as the only remedy to turn avarice and hatred into brother­ ly love. Every one should be happy, all should enjoy plenty, and privation should be banished. Indeed, existence would then be joy complete, but what has become of socialism, where is this Utopia it has promised? For answer we turn to Germany. There we see what socialism promised and what it does. Germany is dragged Into industrial chaos by the new regime, and the people of that ruined country have had so much of socialism that the very name causes revolt. What became of the Inter-Church World Movement, which was to turn all unbelief into Christianity by a united drive of the churches? It died in its infancy. What has become of the League of Nations, which was to herald the millenium? It has shown itself to be a farce. Where is the state of purity that pro­ hibition promised? Murder, crime, theft, delinquency are as pre­ valent as ever. In short every (reform of this kind has failed in its purpose, and new ones will also fail. A reform could be instituted for every sin and crime on earth, and lawlessness and transgres­ sion would still continue. Now why should a reform which sounds so perfect and which lias such lofty ideals, fall at each attempt. The principle is generally noble, but the application is a failure.

Tlie application is a failure because the people to whom the reform is applied are sinful human beings addicted to every worldly inclination. If the principle were applied to an ideal world, then tlie practical results would be highly gratifying, but every reformer fails to remember that his noble principle must be applied to sinful beings, and on the rocks of that fact it suffers shipwreck.

As long as egoism rules tlie people, no reform is possible. Man must be changed inwardly. That means that lie must be converted to Christianity, and when that has been done reforms are unneces­ sary; the Word of God will inspire him to do good. The belief in.

Christ will conquer egoism, for then the person will realize how little he is and how much Christ has done for him. A reform to preach Christ crucified to the world and to convert the unbelievers —215—

into believers would be a reform of lasting benefit. A secular reform tries to better the world by removing as best it can the implements of sin. The Christian reform tries to remove the sin it­ self from the heart of mail through the faith in Jesus Christ, and in the true Christian spirit this reform should be carried out as Christ taught us.

J.— OUB MUSICAL ORGANIZATIONS. A musical organization, is no stronger than its weaker mem­ bers; and who are those weaker members? Those who do not prac­ tice. To be a member of one of our musical organizations is an honor, if the organization has a good reputation, but how is it to acquire a reputation if the individuals do not take interest in its welfare. It is no honor to belong to a musical organization which is a failure, but that is not the fault of the organization, it is the fault of the members. If each member takes an active interest and does his share to advance his musical ability then no musical body will long remain in the slump. The individuals must see that each and every one of them is responsible for his organization and then he will work and lend aid to achieve results during rehearsals.

The rehearsals are the place to develop the ability of the in­ dividuals, so that they may later be safe when giving an open dem­ onstration of their musical talents, at a concert. In the rehearsals alone can results be obtained; the concert is but the displaying of results, and if the rehearsals are well attended and if each man tries to do "his best, the result will be gratifying and the applause of the people will be the appreciation, oth erwise the program will be a failure and that is a disgrace. There are but two results possible, a good one or a bad one; which would you be proud of this year?

This year we want a good concert, and we want the people who attend to leave satisfied with, the rendition of our program. Each individual of our three musical organizations can accomplish this at rehearsals with a little effort. Nothing oil earth is accomplished without effort, and rehearsals are no exception to the rule. If each rehearsal is well attended and the members are attentative and strive to give their best, a man need be no prophet to foretell the result of our next year’s concert. If rehearsals are not well at­ tended because of indifference on the part of the members, little —216—

I will be accomplished, and it will again require no prophet to augur the result. Members of the three musical organizations, remem­ ber that well attended, conscientious rehearsals bring good results, and at the concert the people will appreciate our work. When you’ hear some other musical organizations render an excellent concert, it should not discourage you, but on the contrary, should in­ spire you to practice faithfully and take the welfare of your organ­ ization to heart. j.一

一The Rev. P. C. Uetzmann, ’95, of Wrightstown, Wis., was the guest of his three sons, Nov. 12.

—-The following loyal rooters were here from the Seminary for the Ripon-Northwestern football game, Nov. 12,—A. Zeialer, ’18, W. Bodamer, ’17, E. Duxe，’18, M. Zimmermann, ’18, A. Wacker，’18, B. Westendorf，，18, R. Timrael，，18, F. Brandt, *19, G. Press, *20, M. Stern, ’20, K. Timmel,，20, E. La Haine, ’20.

—G. Steffen, ex ’21，of Milwaukee, Wis., was also here on Nov. 12.

—The Revs. E. Domfeld, ’97, of Watertown, Wis., and F. Marohn, ’13，of Richwood, Wis., were among the spectators at the RiponNorthwestern game. 一Profs. E. Kowalke, ’08, and H. Parisius，’13, and tutor P. Eickmann, ’16, were at Madison, Nov. 13, to se^ the University of Wis­ consin trounce Illinois in a spirited game of football.

—The Rev. Win. Eggert, *07, of Lowell, Wis., secretary of the N. W. C. Alumni Association, was a welcome caller on Nov. 15, as lie replenished our cellar with an appreciable store of farm, products. ―The Rev. O. Hensel, ’08, of Wausau, Wis., has not accepted the call to fill the vacant professorship at Northwestern, College, as he —217—

fears that the strenuous life of a professor would be too severe a strain for his constitution. 一The Rev. W. Huth, ’16, of Ellensburg, Wash., has accepted a call to Wabeno, Wis. At present he is enjoying a vacation in Mil­ waukee, Wis. —E. Kupfer, ’20，is taking a course of eltcro-technics at the School of Engineering, Milwaukee, Wis. • ―The Rev. B. Kupfer, ’16, of Phelps, Wis., was married to Miss B. Galeske of Milwaukee on Oct. 12. On Nov. 21, he gave an organ recital at the Ev. Luth. Golgatha church, of which his father, the Rev. F. Kupfer, is pastor. This recital marked the tenth anniver­ sary of the Golgatha congregation. 一The Rev. Adolph Stiemke, ’15, of Kokomo, Ind., a graduate of the Concordia Seminary, St. Louis, Mo., was our guest, Nov. 9. ―Prof. Theo. Binhammer, ’17, and tutor P. Eickmann, ’16, spent Thanksgiving Day at Ft. Atkinson, Wis., where they officiated, as referee and umpire respectively, at a football game between Ft. Atkinson and Jefferson.

—Dr. J. H. Ott,，85, attended the funeral of his aunt, Mrs. Elsbeth Senn, at Fountain City, Wis., October 25th. ―Hans W. Ott, ’17, and Theo. Schlueter, ex ’17，of Watertown, Wis., enjoyed their Thanksgiving dinner at mother’s table. Both young men are attending the University of Wisconsin, where the former is following up a commercial course and the latter a course in engineering.

—E. Breutzmann, ex ’14, of Watertown, Wis., was united in holy matrimony to Miss J. Krueger, of Watertown, Wis., on Saturday, Nov. 20. The young couple will make their home in this city, where the groom has employment as draftsman witli a local firm.

—Prof, and Mrs. E. Kowalke, Prof, and Mrs. E. Wendland, Prof, and Mrs. E. Sauer, Prof, and Mrs. C. Bolle, Prof. G. Westerhaus, the Messrs. H. -Schumacher and J. M. Schiefer, former Northwest­ ern students and now teachers in the local St. John’s school, and Miss Cornelia Schlueter, ’15, attended the Kreisler concert held in the Milwaukee Auditorium, Friday evening, Nov. 26.

—P. Albrecht, ex ’19, who is continuing his studies at the Theo.

Seminary at Wauwatosa, Wis., visited his Alma Mater and Watertown friends, Nov. 26-28.

—The Rev. E. A. Sitz, ’14, of Whiteriver, Ariz., is reported mar\ ried to Miss G. gger. 、.一Erwin Ko ,com.，20, is now a stenographer for a firm —218—

■峨划aeb娜HtXl j at New Holstein, Wis. Frank Sternbeck, ex ’20, is also employed in that town.

—iGerhard Eickmann, com. ’20, of Watertown, Wis., has deserted the commercial world and is now teaching at Hartford, Wis. He spent Thanksgiving Day at home with his mother. 一The Rev. T. Loeper, ’10, of Whitewater, Wis., brought P. Krahn, a commercial student, to Northwestern College, Nov. 21. 一Fred Stueber, com. ’20，of Clyman, Wis., revisited Watertown 一Fred Stueber, com. ’20, of Clyman, Wis., visited Watertown friendships at Northwestern.

Nut邙 Autumn has departed from us after robbing nature of its beauty and leaving the bare hills and naked trees to weather the icy win­ ter. We welcomed the autumn breeze, which painted the foliage with the colors of the rainbow, so that love for nature burned ar­ dently in our hearts, but the November winds, Jack Frost’s har­ binger, stripped the ruddy forests leaf by leaf, and before we knew it, snow flakes began to fall. As nature changes with the seasons, thus student activities change and suffer alteration. With zeal and enthusiasm the special work of a season is begun, but fleeting time often steps in and leaves many noble intentions unfulfilled. Con­ centrated energy on the students part guided by the proper spirit is necessary, or Chronos will find him in the middle of his activities.

Thus the much beloved football season has left us. With dreary hearts our pigskin veterans glance at the bare gridiron and skeleton goal posts, while fond momories recall the past. Lost in medita­ tion, they play the games over again in their minds, as1 their fight­ ing spirit is aroused by the mere thought of gone events. Especially the senior heaves a sigh, when he realizes that his football days are past. The lover of nature, whose hobby it was to take a stroll through woods and meadow, has to seek some other means of exer­ cise. All outside sports from canoeing to tennis have to be aband­ oned, and we find the gymnasium swarming with youths, who are —219—

developing their bodies and keeping physically fit through daily gymnastics.

With the advent of winter the social life of the student-body becomes more active, and the work of the organizations is in­ creased. The band, orchestra, and chorus have by this time over­ come the difficulties which are connected with the beginning of every school-year and are now showing improvement in regular rehearsals. Of special interest will be the work of the literary so­ cieties. Everything points to success, as both the Philomathean and Phi Gamma Rho have a large membership of capable and ex­ perienced men. The Philomathean society will present the initial program on December 11, and the master of ceremonies Mr. IIolzhausen, is working hard to initiate the season with a good begin­ ning. On the following Saturday the sister society will render their first program, having entrusted Mr. Winter with the arrangements.

This alternation will continue through the winter months, and with enthusiasm for the work the proper results and benefits will be secured.

Prospects for the military company are again very bright. The large asset of sixty-five recruits brings the membership up to about one hundred and twenty, so that this year’s company is one of the largest in its history. The first two months Captain Voigt and his assistants spent drilling the recruits, teaching them the fundamen­ tals of military tactics. The instructors report that the recruits graspetd the elements of drill quickly and easily and are now executing the commands with a military snap. Lately old and new cadets have been drilling together, and with the return of football players into the ranks the complete company demonstrates some genuine miliitary stock in dress parade. During the cold weather drill will be confined to the gymnasium, where calisthenics play an import­ ant part.

Last year the company adopted the khaki uniform, which aidy much to bring the cadets into the limelight. Since every cadet is expected to provide himself with a uniform, thirty-three new suits were purchased this fall. The organization is equipped with good drums, two bugles, and a new silk flag, but unfortunately they have yet no substitutes for the old dilapidated guns. All efforts of last year to obtain new modern guns from the government were in vain, and we hope that our attempts this year will finally be successful.

The physical benefit which ttie students obtain through drill and —220—

the discipline whicli is instilled into them entitles the company (o hearty support. 、For many years Northwestern has had an athletic board con­ sisting of members of the senior and junior class, but the functions of this board had dwindled down to so few, and its existence seemed to be of such minor importance, that during the last school-year the board was dissolved. This year the why and wherefore of an athletic board was again discussed, and in an interview the Director of Athletics plainly showed that there are a variety of duties con­ nected with athletics which could be taken care of by a board. Such a body of students should cooperate with the athletic director and take miscellaneous duties off his hands. Representing the studentbody, they will preserve order in gymnasium and campus, take charge of all athletic goods, award the official N, provide for tlie election of football and baseball managers, control the interclass basket-ball games, and perform other duties whicli arising occa­ sions may demand. This plan will relieve the director of a bur­ densome list of odd functions and will create a system in the inter­ est of the students. A board with these duties was elected by the collegiate department on November 26, which consists of three seni­ ors and two juniors. The sixth member on the board is the football or baseball manager, who serve respectively during their office term; thus the football manager is a member until Christmas and is then succeeded by the baseball manager. These six men wilHmmediately begin their work of cooperating with the athletic director, and their efforts will surely be for the welfare of Northwestern. The members of the board are: W. Holzhausen, chairman, A. Hillmer, ]T. Uetzmann, R. Palmer, D. Rossin, secretary, and I. Boettcher, foot­ ball manager.

• • • • On November 29, the members of the first football team met in the dormitory chapel and elected Arnold Brandt, *22, captain for next year. Brandt has played on the team for two years filling very ably the fullback or halfback position, where lie showed himself a worthy player by his power to hit a line hard and liis ability of open field running. He did most of the punting and much of the for­ ward passing for the team. * * * • With the close of the football season the offical “isf” was award­ ed to thirteen players, whose service during the season entitles them —221——

to this reward. The following are the players: Theophil Uetzmann, Albert Meier, Alexander Hillmer, William Holzhausen, Mar­ tin Buenger, Rudolph Hinnenthal, Roman Palmer, Arnold Brandt, Immanuel Uetzmann, Herman Kuckhahn, Eldon Scliarp, Walter Siffring, Herman Cares.

Manager Immanuel Boettcher also received an official letter for his services rendered during the past season.

CARROLL 0, NORTHWESTERN 0.

Playing in a driving rain on the 6th of November, Northwest­ ern and Carroll battled each other to a tie, the game ending u-u.

It was the first opportunity this season to witness our boys in tion on our own campus. Although Carroll came within str g distance of the goal several times, and on four occasions ~ ened to break the deadlock by drop kicks, the Black and Red classed them in nearly every department of play. Especially mar was Northwestern^ defensive work—the Waukesha men were a to make first downs but twice in the game.

Capt. Uetzmann won the toss and Carroll kicked oft to Bran a , who returned the ball to our thirty yard line and then punted. roll found our line impregnable after three attempts and kicke back the pigskin to midfield. Here Northwestern began an impe­ tuous march一following four successful smashes by Scharp, Branat and Sillring, Brandt skirted around left end for a thirty yard run, —222—

娜■■其成| placing the ball on the ten yard line. But a severe penalty and a costly fumble sent us back twenty-five yards and our only chance to score slipped through our fingers. The rest of the quarter was a punting duel with Carroll having a shade the better of it.

The second period was marked by another exchange of punts.

It was in this period that the Spring City aggregation missed their first opportunity for a tally—a fumble on our twenty-five yard line gave them the ball. Three tries at our line met a stone wall, and Carroll resorted to the drop kick. It was a tense moment, the oval was booted straight enough, but it fell just beneath the crossbar.

The invaders again looked dangerous in the third session, when we fumbled on our own twenty; but all their line smashes proved useless for Northwestern held them for downs. Buenger immedi­ ately circled nine yards around the end; Brandt’s linebuck netting us three more; blit a fumble a^ain surrendered the ball and the Orange and White was given another chance to score. In three shots at our line, however, they were sent backward, and in the fourth play, a drop kick, the wet and slippery pigskin missed its mark by far and landed off in the sidelines. We punted out of dan­ ger after the ball was placed on the twenty yard line.

Although Northwestern came back strong in the final stage of the- paine, the ball remained in ou»' territory and Carroll’s goal ap­ peared beyond all reach. When Carroll had again failed to hoist the oval between the uprights, Brandt directed a long pass to Uetzmann, which Diekelman intercepted. Yet Carroll could not make their downs, and we got the ball. We then made eleven yards via the aerial route from Brandt, to U^tzmann. Siffring’s smashes ad­ vanced us five yards. But the third play proved a fizzle, we were thrown back for losses and were forced to punt. The invaders booted the pigskin back, and Buenger executed another long end run, but only to be followed by another fizzle which sent us back twenty yards. Just as we were lining up in punt-formation, the whistle sounded the end of the game.

The lineup:— — CARROLL 0.

Borchardt Sparr (Capt.)

Attenstein Christensen _• Remier_____ Cook_______

R. E._ _R. T. R. G._ C. -L. G. .L. T._ —223— —

NORTHWESTERN 0. ____________T. Uetzmann __________________Palmer _______________ Kuckhahn _________________ Hillmer _____________ Holzhausen ___________________ Meier

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._L. E.— Van Male ■ I. Uetzmann Q. B._.

---- Buenger Hangen — .L. H. B. ------- Scharp Diekelman R. H. B. _____Brandt Aker_____ ----- Siffring Knamers —P. B.__ Referee—Huegel, Marquette; umpire—Manning, Marquette.

Head linesman—Jennings, Marquette. Substitution—Cares for I. Uetzmann. Time of quarters一15 minutes.

RBPON 27, NORTHWESTERN 0.

On the 12th of November followers of Northwestern learned that Ripon College, although beaten by Lawrence, had a wonder­ ful football team. Ripon defeated us on our own field 27-0. Their back line was the speediest we have met this year. Coach Parisius* men were not lacking in fighting spirit. Although the score would not indicate it, they covered over 215 yards of ground to 240 for Ripon. The day was cold and dreary, snow and ice covered the gridiron, and the goodly crowd that turned out to see the game shivered before a sharp northwestern. The Congregationalists clear­ ly proved to be our superiors in the first division, when they crossed the goal line thrice; but after a little plain talk between halves we succeeded in holding them to one touchdown for the rest of the game and in outgaining them many yards. The Black and Red car­ ried the ball into Ripon’s territory but twice in the game, and not once did we come within forty yards of the goal posts.

Ripon displayed some good interference when they returned the kick-off to mid-field. Three bucks at our line, however, afforded only1 three feet, so the ball was p皿ted to our half of the field. In our first play Scharp dashed fifteen yards off right end, and a pass from Brandt to Uetzmann added five to our advance. But two other attempts in the overhead method of play were frustrated, and the was ball went to Ripon. Herman Kuckhahn, our rangy guard, — through like a flash in the next play and caught the half back with the ball so far back, that the loss could not be retrieved on line bucks; the result was a return punt. As we fumbled the punted ball on our five yard line, Schneider picked it up and dashed over for the first touchdown. After being booted back and forth for some time, the pigskin landed in our territory in Ripon’s hands. Caecia twisted off the right side for ten yards. The Black and Red did not yield an inch in the next three plays. Then Usher heaved a high —-22d

thirty yard pass to Schneider, who ran five yards for his second score.

The second period opened with Ripon as usual in our territory.

A series of smashes brought the oval within one yard of our goal.

Yet in three tries Ripon could not push it over, and we got the ball.

Brandt punted to the middle of the field, but the slippery Caecia returned it to our twenty. There they were again held for downs, and Brandt again booted the oval out. But when Ripon came back for the third time ,it turned out to be a charm. Verrette’s fifteen yard dart around left end together with a number of line plunges placed the pigskin close to the chalk mark for Caecia to tear across.

Things looked very favorable to us in the beginning of the sec­ ond half. The Crimson kicked off to our twenty-five. Four line bucks by Siffring, Scharp and Buenger, two passes, one to Uetzmann and one to Cares, advanced us to their forty yard. But the invaders braced up and held us. For the next ten minutes it was a punting duel between Usher and Brandt. Shortly before the close of the quarter Tran trow received a kicked ball and raced through our line thirty-five yards; he was not downed until within twelve yards from the goal. A fake to the left brought the attackers five closer, and Trantrow went over the chalk mark with a long terrific drive off left tackle. Just then the whistle blew and the quarter was over.

The final session witnessed big gains on both sides. Siffring’s smashes averaged six yards. We succeeded in executing a few long end runs, but the goal was too far away for them to be of any im­ portance. Ripon seemed to cover most ground in the passing game.

Penalties were frequent on both sides. With the Crimson in pos­ session of the. ball in our territory the whistle sounded the end of the game and of our 1920 football season.

The lineup:— — NORTHWESTERN 0.

RIPON 27. ___________ Uetzmann Schneider___ R. E.„ Eaton_______ _R. T._. ________________ Palmer _____________ Kuckhahn Gunderson___ __R. G. Boone _______ _______________ Hillmer C. …L. G._. ____________ Holzhausen Pehlandt ___L. T•— _________________ Meier Schaefer _________________ Cares —丄 E Caecia — _______________ Buenger …Q. B._« Usher ________________ Brandt R. H. B._ Verrette _______________ Scharp ._L. H. B. —225—

•i

Trantrow ________ F. B. Siffring Referee—Huegel, Marquette; Umpire—Scott, Colgate; Headlinesman―Manning, Marquette. Touchdowns — Schneider (2), Caecia, Trantrow. Substitutions—Clement for Usher, Labvs for Boone, Williams for Schaefer, Kuske for Kuckhahn.

No longer do we see our men in bluet jerseys traveling up and down the gridiron, for the 1920 football year is a thing of the past.

When we look over the scores, we must say it was a rather disheart­ ening season. Our team, from which we expected so much in the beginning, lost four of the five games played. Nevertheless we dare not say that they didn’t put up a good stubborn fight every time, for they did. No team ever ran away with us. If only we had had a little luck at times, and had fumbled less often at critical moments, some of the scores would without doubt have been different. • We continually fought against men that were several years our senior, that had several years of experience to their credit. Northwestern belonged to the Wisconsin Little Five Conference. By comparing scores between the various teams, we may safely lay a claim to fourth place, Carroll occupying the cellar position.

Prospects for the coming year are not so favorable as they might be. Most of our best men will leave us through graduation.

In Meier, Northwestern loses one of the mightiest tackles slie lias had for a number of years. “Bill” Holzhausen plucky left guard, who played on our first team for three seasons, will also don a N. W. C. uniform no more. Captain“Tay” Uetzmann was already in our ranks in our glorious football year of 1917. For the past two years he acted as leader of the squad. He was a clean but speedy player, a hard worker, a gallant end and captain, whose equal it will be hard to find. Alex Hillmer, center, whom we saw plunge through CarrolPs line almost without exception, has also ended his grid­ iron career for the Black and Red. “Abie” Cares, ’21，learned this: “Better late than never.” Although this man never played college football before and did not turn up until the middle of this fall, lie soon made good. He turned out to be a real end and won his “N.” In the backline we are to miss a light but fast quarterback and gen­ eral, Martin Buenger. The lightest man on the team “Mike” Hinnenthal, who was forced to quit the game early in the season, be­ cause of injuries, will very likely not continue his studies with us next fall. Among the material left for the fall of 1921 are Kuckbahn, left guard, Palmer, right tackle, I. Uetzmann, left end, Brandt, —226—

I ^3liath ^ left half, Siffring, full, and Scharp, right half back.

One thing in our 1920 season we ought not to pass over with­ out second thought, and that is the assistance and medical services rendered our football men by Dr. Abelmann. Injuries on the grid­ iron were unusually heavy this year. Besides, our players were afflicted with painful infectious boils. This struck nearly every man on first team. In short, the doctor bills amounted to over one hundred dollars, all of which this doctor donated to us. The treas­ ury being already so low this year, the athletic association cannot appreciate this gift enough. The team called a special meeting ex­ pressly to extend a hearty vote of thanks to Dr. Abelmann.

m THE SPECTATOR. On our exchange list the Spectator has its place near the top, for it is a paper of quality. The entire publication savors of hard work on the part of the editorial staff and cooperation on behalf of the student-body and the alumni. The issue on which we shall en­ deavor to say a few words in way of friendly criticism or duly earned praise, is the “Booster Number.” The cause for the boosting and the topic on which the whole issue dwells and which it wishes to further is the launching of a campaign for “A Million Dollar Offer­ ing/1 to be used for the improving of Capital University, Luther Sem­ inary, St. Paul, Minn., and various other Lutheran schools and in­ stitutions of the Ohio synod.

The literary department is good. The two poems, “Cap (^o On” and “0 Glorious Capital” contain thought and above all spirit, real spirit for Capital University, the writers’ Alma Mater.

The thought of the first article “From Missouri” may be summed up in these two words of the writer, “Show Me!” Throughout the article he emphasizes the fact that if we wish to be successful and to be acknowledged as such by the world in general, we must show what we can do. We may be capable of great things, but if we do —227—

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not SHOW the world our capabilities by our acts and deeds, we shall never be looked on as men of real value. He concludes, referring to tlie coming Million Dollar Drive, with, this question, “Will we show the world?” The article is well constructed; nothing is loose or incoherent; the English is plain and sound. In one or two places, however, we cannot agree in thought with tlie writer. He quotes this passage from Scripture, “By their fruits ye shall know them” and, separating it from its context, then applies tlie word “fryits” to our deeds and accomplishments during our life here on earth, and the pronoun “ye” to the world that watches us constantly to value our worth. This abuse of Scripture we find very often in the literature of to-day; many authors violently tear such a passage from its context and then apply it—incorrectly of course. Anyone who calls himself a Lutheran should abstain from using Scripture thus.

When. Christ spoke thes^ words, “By their fruits ye shall know them,” he spoke not of our outward acts and deeds, but of deeds done in faith, which, are the fruits of true faith; and he spoke not to the world, but to his disciples. We therefore have no right to wrest this passage from its context and interpret it differently. Speak­ ing of the proper motive for all our deeds, we believe, the write, did not quite hit the REAL point. For do we do a deed out of tLc right motive when we “perform it for the purpose of making this world a better place to live in and for the advancement and bettBrment of humanity,M or when we do it out of love toward God and our neighbor? We choose the latter.

The long treatise on “The Position of the Christian College in the Work of the Church” is a very good piece of work. The raitlior seems to be a man of literary talent. He succeeded well in knitting his article into one solid, closely collected body, having each tlirM^lit dovetailing with the foregoing. What we de need more today than “a thorough Christian education in training for true leadership; a thorough Christian education of the church people, the laity?” Noth­ ing, I dare say.

The two weighty articles which we have just discussed acc as a foil to the following light narration, “A Glimpse into the Future，” written by a co-ed. It speaks well of tlie young lady’s imsgination. Quite like a girl she sees tlie co-eds of Cap in later years en­ joying the pleasures of a beautiful, spacious dormintory, built with part of Cap’s share of the “Million Dollar Offering.”

We always enjoy reading a well represented editorial depart­ ment like that of the Booster Number of the Spectator. The “Atli—228—

ItJcs” editor deserves credit for his real “red-blooded” style.

May the Booster Number attain its end!

..Nov. 7 brought R. Horlamus, ’24, in our midst again. He was confined to his home in West Bend for some time on account of illness.

-一Carl Starke, prep., toured to Milwaukee on Nov. 6, to visit with friends and relatives.

—R. Koch, ’24, and E. Hoenecke, ’23, stopped off at the Seminary to see their brothers while on a pleasure trip to Milwaukee on Nov. 6. 一Tappy Sponholz, prep., enjoyed Nov. 6-7 at his parental home in Milwaukee.

—William Holzhausen,，21, went to his home in Muskego, Wis” to attend an auction sale on Nov. 6-9.

—G. Press and G. Steffen witnessed the Ripon-Northwestern game on Friday, Nov. 12, after which Bingo and Jap accompanied them back to Milwaukee, where they attended a party at the Steffen home. ―Peeley and Mutt proved themselves to be great sportsmen. From Nov. 13-20 they went hunting every day. Their hikes netted them eight squirrels and a duck.

I. Boettcher,，21, D. Rossin, ’22, and E. Leitzke, prep., hiked to Hustisford on Nov. 13.

—W. Voigt, ’22, was called from his studies on Nov. 10, on account of the death of his grandmother at Cedarburg.

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一R. A. Winter, E. Franzmann and A. Werner, preps., motored to Madison on Nov. 13, to see the U，s speedy eleven defeat Illinois. 一Harvey Frank, with another friend, both from Milwaukee, vis­ ited with W. Frank, prep., on. Nov. 14， —Miss Paula Barth of Madison pleasantly surprised E. Jaster/21, by paying him an afternoon visit Nov. 15. 一A Nieman, *24, received a call on Nov. 14, which summoned him to his sick father’s bedside and later deathbed. He has our sincere sympathy and condolence. ―Ed. Jaster, ’21, amused himself in Chicago on Nov. 19-21. He witnessed the Chicago-Wisconsin game. Later he met W. Heidtke, and as is Moses’ habitual custom, he “picked up” a Ford and gave Jim a joyride. ~~Beans and Rollie rushed the skating season this year. On Nov. 16 they were seen gliding over Hock River at break-neck sp«ed.

—Being fully recovered from an illness of several months, John List,，22, resumed his studies on Nov. 21.

—Miss E. Blank of Aurora, 111., spent a few social hours with her brother and J. Fricke, preps, on Nov. 21.

—W. Eggert,，24, and A. Jentzscli, prep., were the guests of Rev. Wm. Eggert of Lowell, Wis., on Nov. 20-21.

—T. Anderson had considerable trouble with is Maxwell Six lately.

He drove it to Madison, his home town, on Nov. 19, and it is re­ ported that lie had to discontinue liis studies, because his miichii.o was not in condition to bring him back.

—C. Nehring and E. Andrae, preps, helped entertain at tlie birth­ day celebration of N. Gaurke in Oconomowoc on Nov. 17. ―H. Kuckhahn, ’22, spent Nov. 20-21, with his uncle in Mil'v、，. kee. On the 21st he saw tlie play, Richard III. ―Ralph Koerner and L. Zastrow, preps., took in the sights of their home town, Oconomowoc, on Nov. 20-21. 一On Friday, Nov. 19, R. Marti, A. Arndt, E. Baumann, R. Palmer, W. Krenke, D. Rohda and A. Baer, journeyed to Milwaukee to wit­ ness Shakespeare’s “Macbeth” at the Davidson.

—C. Starke, prep., discontinued his studies on Nov. 25. For the near future he will stay with his parents in Denver, Colorado.

—After having recuperated from a month of severe illness, A. Voges, prep., retraced his course back to his studies on Nov. 22. ―Once more on Nov. 24, room 3 was making more noise than the rest of our populace combined, all because Gus is on tlie warpath.

Have you recently noticed tlie grim look of determination on ___230—

Krause*s face? He is bound for revenge, he says. Probably some­ one of the fair sex is the cause of all the commotion; you never can tell.

—A big throng of students gathered in the second floor corridor.

Never before in all history was there so much excitement. Some­ one tried to make a prison of our dormitory and started in with room 28. Koch Bros, and Vadder II. working all during supper time trying to open a lock, which' someone had broken while locking it.

Then came the turnkey of that floor to the rescue, who advised them to dynamite the hinges of the door. The captives were freed just in time for the evening study period.

QI0-IE6 Nut紙 —>Miss Eleanor Nelir^ng of Oconomowoc visited classes with Miriam Jaeger on Nov. 12.

—Nov. 13, Edna Koeppel and Dorothy Reul of Helenville were our visitors.

—Maybelle Laskey, Margaret Zier, Norma Conrad and also Ruth Block took the 1:30 to Johnson Creek, Nov. 19. They returned the same evening, but not per train. How then? Ask them. 一Margaret Ott and Edna Detert oil Nov. 19, journeyed to Mil­ waukee to see the tragedy of Macbeth staged. The following day Frieda Zeisler and Anna Wegner had the pleasure of seeing the Merchant of Venice with them. 一Under the leadership of the athletic director the girls’ gym class was organized on Nov. 19, and two rival basket ball teams were chosen.

—Bertha Holzhueter spent Nov. 25, with Gertrude Zabel at the latter’s liome, where they partook of a sumptuous Thanksgiving spread. 一Hildegarde Schwartz went to her home in Marshall for Thanks­ giving.

—Miriam Jaeger and R. Bolle spent their Thanksgiving at the home of the former’s grandparents.

—We were glad to see Stella Kurzweg in our midst on Nov. 26.

She visited several recitations with us.

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―On Nov. 27 we received quite a number of visitors, among them was our old friend Hazel Laskey. Miss Gladys Klentz of Reeseville visited recitations with Leona Kohn. Miss (Gertrude Kramp of Mil­ waukee attended with ^enore Gewecke.

—Miss Renata Gamm of La Crosse visited recitations with Louise Thurow and Frieda Zeisler on Nov. 26 and 27.

R. B.

United we pass, divided we flunk.

Advance, and give the counter-sign! ―Prof, (in Geom.): How much credit do you think you’ll get?

Miss I.: Well, in high school we get 50% for an effort. ―Prof.: What are dry blows?

Manz ( reading the next sentence): Those given by way of ed­ ucation.

•―Koch is getting considerably thinner since he has a new moni­ tor at his table. 一Prof.: Was ist ein Philosoph?

Stud.: Em sehr gelehrter Mann.

Prof.: Na, dann ist Rudolph auch ein Philosoph. Er ist manchmal ganz leer.

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I ^Jihxth ^ 3^ea | BRITISH ENVOY. —The Sammy: Over in America we gotta lilac bush fifty feet higeh.

Ex.— — The Tommy: I wish I could lilac that.

—Eddie (to Art who happens to have a package of Camels): I’ll have one of those Egyptian race-horses.

THE TWO-BITS BACK. (Sun Fu Yeng to his father in. Peking, China.)

Honored and Reverend Parent: It is now being three weeks that I am living in United America; and it is giving me much rejoicing to be sending you these informa­ tions of my progressing. With great speed I acquire to myself the modes of living of these people and make myself welcome to their customs. In especial, I perfect my familiarness with their language, as you are seeing hereby.

Saturday I was giving myself the recreation to watch a game of footballings, which I am not understanding for why It is being called that; as the playing is not with the feet but with the face and the stomach. Footballing is very pleasant to see. Everybody in the playing is trying to get a ball and take it where there is no­ body; and everybody else when they see him where there is nobody they go there themselves and then he must stop because he is not longer being alone. I am not understanding it all yet, but soon 1 will know all about it, for I am making very observant watchings.

The best place on the game is where plays a man who is called the two-bits back. To play in that place he must be a good mathe­ matics, as the ball will not move from the ground until the twobits-back has added a long list of numbers. This he must do out loud. If he does not add the numbers correctly, the captain of the team says very madly, “Signals above!” And then the two-bitsback must again begin in the same place another time with his addings.

Everybody on the footballing team is often getting injuries, except the two-bits back. He does not give himself permission to be getting hurts. Instead, when the other team possesses the ball, lie goes away and stays alone in the other end of the field, Thus lie is being very safe. If the ball is lifted into the air by the toe of someone else, the two-bits back sometimes catches it. But more usualness is it for him to watch the ball very carefully and get out of the way so that it will not be giving him injuries.

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When his own team has the ball for playing, the two-bits back stands close in the behind of friends, so that lie will not be in danger of hurtings. After he has added his numbers correctly, he catches the ball, which is being ejected back toward him; and then lie gives it to somebody else who takes it away from there with promptly runnings.

Many things I am not knowing yet about footballings. But I am introducing it to me with much rapid. In iny room on the floor­ ing I have marked out a footballing field. There I am practicing.

Very soon I shall be knowing how to be a two-bits back.

Your humble and reverent son,

(P. J. H^^^The1 raolfNIX.) ―Whitehorse Harry (bucking physics): Well, I’ve got one prob­ lem worked; now I’m going to bed before I forget it.

—She: Do you know why I call my hubby “Safety-razor?”

Friend: No. She: Because he always says: ‘Would gillette me do this and would gillette me do that..

LOGIC? 一Prof.: Im Traum beschaftigt der Mensch sich gewohnlich nur mit einer Sache. So kommt es auch ofters vor, dass man sicli im Traume mit einem anderen in griecliisher Sprache unterhalt.

Rusty: Daun konnte man seine Averbos auch wolil im Traume hersagen.

Art.: Warum lassen Sie uns denn nicht in der Klasse sclilafen?

HA!

HA!

HA!

Prof.::Where is Boettcher to-day?

Alex::He'went to Milwaukee to arrange a football game with Downer College.

r!:

—She: You have a kind face.

He: You ^flatter me.

She: Yes, a funny kind. 一First Clown: When are the hot rays of the sun like soldiers?

Second Clown: When they are intense (in tents).

—234—

COMPLIMENTS OF THE SEASON We will give you an opportunity to buy a suit of clothes or an overcoat cheaper than you can buy the same anywnere in or out of town. Also all other wearing apparel for man or boy* Our prices are lowered to such an extent that it will pay you to buy whether you need it or not. Note these great cuts in price.

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ADI

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Suits formerly a

a

a

u

a

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$40.00 now$31.50 50.00 “ 35.00 60.00 “ 42.00 75.00 “ 52.50

Overcoats and other Suits cut in the same proportion.

Wegemann-Faber-Kaercher CoPhone 596-2R

Watertown, Wis.

The CHRISTMAS SHOP

TOYS

We have imported a big assortment of

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German Toys，Dolls, Bodies and Dishes The prices on these Holiday goods will be less than those of three years ago.

Goods will be Displayed Nov. 25ih BOOK and e^ushc store

WATERTOWNJS

Greatest Bargain Store Why pay big prices for your goods when you cani save by doing your trading at Watertown^ Greatest Bargain Store, the store that gives you the greatest value for your dollar. ;•

Holiday Handkerchiefs, Neckwear, Mufflers, Hosiery, Men’s Dress Shoes.

3.95 5.95 WateMs Greatest

Men's Outing Bal Work Shoes, pair at________ Men’s English black and brown dress shoes, $8.00 val. pair at______________

Men's brown English Blucher $ 12.00 Shoes pair at_____________ Men’s Canvas Gloves, pair at—__________

and

7.95

15c

MAX WEGEMANN，Mgr. 106 West Main St.

Chiropractic Principles Man is the direct result of an Universal Intelligence and a means of advancing its ends. This force, embodied in all living things, continues their functions until death.

MENTAL IMPULSES The brain makes and sends impulses over the nerves. Nerve lines to each cell and return are units in the system of brain con­ trol of all body parts. With all the nerve structures noimal, all the organs and parts are in health*

CAUSE AND EFFECT

The nerves begfin in the brain, form the spinal cord, and switch from it by groups in orderly manner through each consecutive pair of vertebrae.

Disease is caused by the hard surface of displaced spinal bones pressing： the soft nerve trunks and hindering the current of health impulses through them.

WHERE THE PULL IS THE GREATEST The spine maintains equipoise, shields the spinal cord and as­ sorts the nerves. It is sensitive to constraints of gravity, as occur in exceptional tensions during： work, play, unguarded moments, accidents, abuse of the body, agitation, depression and fatigue of the mind, etc.

The Chiropractor is prepared by special knowledge and skill to locate and adjust displaced parts of the spine. The work is done with the hands, and there is no adverse result with either men, women, growing： children or growing： infants.

NO MEDICINE /VO SURGERY

X_Ray to Locate the Cause

A. W. BREITHAUPT DOCTOR OF CHIROPRACTIC Residence 286-W .PHONES-Office 322-W Watertown, iVis. ■03 Main Street ■

Hayes & Christensen u

BILLIARD and P_l __

； -

Lunch Counter In CosiEiecliois Chewing Gum, Ci^areties and Tobacco

Julius Bayer Wholesale and Retail Dealer Sra

MEATS and SAUSAGES :

Si：

Watertown,

OF ALL KINDS Phone 25

Wisconsin

DRAEGEITS ELECTRIC SHOP

We Recommend

116 N. THIRD ST. PHONE 59-W

^BOSTONIAM^

BivYourClifistmas Gifts at Spoh^s 215 Main Street Cmfy Sfippers, all colors, Kid Slippers, Bowl-

SHOES FOR MEN.

Leo Reusch & Son 210 West Main Street.

QHAS. HE1SMANN

DRUGS - SODAS The Best Drug Store is the Student’s Headquarters

“THE PAINT MAN”

Courtesy, Service and Reliability Our Motto.

PAINTER :— and----------DECORATOR

■ HUTH & BANDELIN I

204 MAIN ST.

I Phone 609-J

CORRECT

Watertown

Picture Framing KODAKS AND SUPPLIES Cigars

108 THIRD STREET

Sit for your""

Christmas Picture

NOW The Denninger Studio m

F. E. KOSANKE, M. D. #15 main srurer HOURS:— n-12 A, M

Office Telephone 210-J

2-4 and 7-8 P. M.

Res. Telephone 481-J

“THE ENCORE Recreation Parlors

Billiard and Pool Hall Cigars, Cigarettes, Tobaccos, Refreshments

Lunch Counter in Connection OPEN UNTIL AFTER MIDNIGHT

KONTOS & McCarthy, Props.

216 Main Street

Telephone 85 PURE SUGAR

HOME MADE

Candies ICE CREAM and SODAS 溫。溫TPSg?溫

Buerger’s Meat Market The Home of Good Sausage Watertown, Wit.

112 Second Street

JOHN G. KNISPEL DEALER IN

Wholesale and Retail

ICE

Moldenhauer

Connecti 丨 WATERTOWN,

ROBERT DOERR

If it’s Fire, Plate Class, Automobiles, Burglarly or Live-Stock Insurance See

WIS.

416 Main Street

Watertown, Wis.

FELIX LESCH1NGER

Doerr & Leschinger PLUMBERS Gas£itting and Sewerage 107 Fifth Street

Watertown, Wisconsin

Mother's Xmas Gift Take home a pair of Warm Comfy Slippers for Mother or Sweetheart

$1.00-$2.00 the pair…all colors i should you We will pay return postage 2and insurance afuess the right size. not gu

MEYER’ SHOE STORE

'Phone Xmas Seals"

GRANT，S

High Grade Candies Brick Ice Cream Fruits, Cigars and Cigarettes 407 MAIN ST. GET YOUR

FISHING TACKLE atWinkenwerdefs Hardware Store

Kohls & Knaak Fumttuire and Undertaking..

607-613 MAIN STREET Phone Call 150-W Residence Phone 1 65-J

Insurance That Insures

207 MAIN STREET

Watertown Creamery Co. CI__Uz_&Cn Watertown,

Phone 4S1-J

Siegler & Kuetlie Insurance Agency Farmers & Citizens Bank Bldg.

Wisconsin 105 Main Street

The Princess Confectionery GEORGE SPYROS, Proprietor

Ice Cream, eanaies m 0sar$ WATERTOWN, WIS.

Watertown Shoe Shine Parlor Old Hats Made New We Clean, Re-Block and Re-Shape Felt and Panama Hats.

We also carry a big line of

Cigars, Cigarettes and Candies TOM MAJKAS 410 Main St.

For Quality and Service GO TO UNION

George Zoelles’

mShop REPAIR RightBarberAcross$_from 10% Discount for Students 417 Main Street

E. H. COOK, 1KL D. Practice limited to

EYE, EAR, NOSE AND THROAT

the Postoffice

THE JUNIATA” WM. SCHIMMEL & SON Cmitt a full line of CIGARS, TOBACCO AND PIPES WE SOLICIT YOUR PATRONAGE

120 WEST _ STREET

SPECTACLES AND EYE CLASSES SCIENTIFICALLY FITTED Hours 9 to 4

Ed. Warner

Office, Hertd & Hoffman BUg.

HIGH GRADE

BUILDING

MATERIAL

including Kellastone

Barker Lumber and Fuel Go.

Meyer’s Gallery 114 Third St. A STUDIO THAT ALWAYS PLEASES

A TRIAL WILL CONVINCE YOU THAT OUR STYLES ARE ALWAYS UP TO THE MINUTE.

EAST END BARBER SHOP. 602 Main St.

Watertown, Wi«.

W. D. SPROESSER GO.

JEWELERS Pianos and Victor Victrolas ，p_c No. 259-J 111 Main St.

OWEN，S DRUG STORE 412 MAIN STREET NEAR CORNER OF FIFTH

Complete Line of Kodik Supplies

Bring in your films for derelopingr and printing.

24 ho ur service.

DO NOT BE MISLEAD During the re-adjustment period you are going to find merchants offering 一 ng at, apparently, great sacrifice prices, It will be up to you to judge whether or not the suit was ever worth the former price.

Be on you Guard, avoid the mer一 chant that tries to dupe you with such unreasonable sacrifices. JUST REMEM­ BER it is easy to put that top price on but, the question is, IS the suit worth die present price. plain figures, Our policy is to quote you pj no comparative prices, always giving you the very lowest price possible. ；：

Let Us Show You Our Line, We Can Save You Money.

…:公—… -------------------------------- ^

THE WHOLE FAMILY will find enjoyment in one of our fine instruments.

Nothing can give such real pleasure as music in the home.

WE HAVE A BEAUTIFUL LINE OF

Pianos, Player-Pianos and Phonographs Player-Rolls and Phonograph Records

Right Prices

m二

iQulbransen Trade Mark.

Lower Price Levels Yes Sir: Lower Prices with­ out the loud shouting we can save you money on

:

：•

Suits and Overcoats Hart Schaffner & Marx and other good Standard makes.

I

Guaranteed Sat­ isfaction.

Com­ plete line of fur­ nishing of highest quality at Special Low Prices.

.、：

Copyright 1920 Hart Schaffner & Marx

雜 一:

1*2.

Hoffmann-Kelly Co.

ATTRACTIVE STYLES-The popular model of the day at LOWER PRICES. INSTRUCTOR

卿？ QDrgmt 炉Rsux,班uliit atti» 吞unnimg 射ubia 103 Main &t.

Moot

HOFFMANN BUILDING

CHAS. MOY Laundry North Fourth Street Claus-Jlacgor Press

Main A. KALIEBE 616 Street FAMILY SHOE STORE

White Palace Barber Shop

WatertownJs Leading Furniture S _ T _ O - R _ E

First-Class Work

Bert C. Froemming 408 Main St

Watertown, Wis

De«l«r in RELIABLE FURNITURE UNDERTAKER AND LICENSED EMBALMER Prirat* Chapel Up-to-Date Equipment 313 MAIN STREET 0, Jl.麥Btt,卷ahig Assistant Phone 54 Res.1 Phone 51-W

Royal Rest Easy Chair

AW 4:..:

F. C. KECK & CO. 110-112 Main Street.

...

ill,

You will find a complete line of FR.UITS of all kinds in season at

.

John E. Heismann CASH GROCER TELEPHONE e

U5 MAIN STREET

'■•i

STAR

Lunch Restaurant 604 MAIN STREET

GOOD MEALS and LIGHT LUNCHES AT REASONABLE PRICES.

Cigars, Cigarettes and Tobacco.

Wm. Schubert, Prop.

w

HENEVER we take up our pen to write, it is hard to refrain from repeating the same thing we have

so often told you—that:

If ever you buy anything here that is not entirely satisfactory in every respect, we will buy it back from you at full price with an added premium as our sincere thanks for returning it.

CHAS. FISCHER & SONS CO., United Mercantile Store

Wm. Gorder Co. I COAL, WOOD，COKE， SEWER PIPE AND

BUILDING MATERIAL 608 Main Street

Telephone 33-1R

3 3 3 3 3

TlittittittiUittiUiUiUiUiUlUiUiUiUiUiUiUiUiUiUlUlUiUlUiUiUR

Dr; Frank F. S chlueter DENTIST 215 MAIN STREET Office Phone 156-W 512-J Rm.

Watertown, Wis.

IF IFS HARDWARE WE HAVE IT Nuff Said

Dr. R. V. Harte DENTIST

X-RAY

Give us a Trial Phone 600-W

T

S H/VR D W AR E：

1 ^ HARDWARE THATS ON THE SOUP

307 Main St

•

300 Main Street WATERTOWN,

WISCONSIN

Watertown, Wis

Basketball

EVERYTHING in POCKET CUTLERY and RAZORS.

AND ALL KINDS OF

Examine our Line befor buying

Sporting Goods

D.& F. Kusel Co.

Salick’s

108-110-112 W. Main St.

Jeweler

FRESH AND SALT MEATS FISH and POULTRY IN SEASON Phone 19-W

Cbe Store of Quality

at the Bridge

W. A. NACK

\ WM. GEHRKE \ DRUGGIST 315 Main Street.

Watertown, Wis %

No. 621 Main St. ILE YOU

Shoes Repaired w AIT A. SOHR.WEIDE

|

Central Block

218 West Main Street.

Watertown’s Exclusive

CROCKERY

STORE

AUG. 6AMM CROCKERY CO. 400 Main Stre•产

,ra A. & M. Schlueter

DENTISTS 313 Main Street

Watertown, Wls,

R J. KOSER BAKER THE PLAGE WHERE THEY MAKE GOLDEN CRUST BREAD 111 Second Street

THE BLACK and RED CIGAR NOW LEADS，EM ALL 轟 THE OLD LaFLORA 10 Cents

Telephone 502-W

STUDENTS!

SCHLUET ER BR/)S.

Smoke

Wilkowski Bros

deposit your funds with this bank and make all payments by check.

No matter how small— your account will re­ ceive careful attention.

High Life Cigar A. WIGGENHORN Sc SON

JEWELERS

Bank of Watertown ‘The Oldest Bank in Watertown”

!

DR. E. J. HOERMANN

fl:、__NTIST COR. FIRST and MAIN STREETS

X-RAY Telephone No. 258

FIRST-CLASS WORK

$im Block “CDe Barber

11S Third Street

Watertown, Wis.

R. C. Budewitz, Prop.

406 MAIN STREET

Telephone Connection

We keep you looking neat

Xmas comes but once a year.

The Best in Foods should be yours at that time and all the 齡缺 to ^ome.

We handle only the best in foods

I

BEOT^ Sharp Corner Grocery Phone 214 “The Ferndell Store”

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A SAVJNG PLAN FOR EVERY f^lAN .• AT THE ...

關gsxliants lafionaf Bank WATERTOWN, WIS.

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Sunnyside Barber Shop ===

Th8uvNYAL PAUL H. BEIME Mks The Corner Druggist 训找

W. E. Volkmann, First-Class Barber Haircuts 25c Shave 15c

Store Watirtown, Wis.

EXCEPT SATURDAYS HAIRCUTS 35c

High Grade Candies，Cigars and Cigarettes.

Supplies

0. F. KURZWEG DEALER IN

FINE BOOTS, SHOES AND RUBBERS. Please Give Us a Trial We Try to Give Satisfaction

BITTNER & TETZLAFF Drssgs

402 Main St

PMehler’s Grocery CARRY A FULL LINE OF

STAPLE AND FANCY GROCERIES Phone 75-VV

413 Western Ave

College Athletic Supply Co. FINE

Base Ba!I9

Basket Bal!s Foot Balls Tesinis Supplies

Catalog on request

Milwaukee, Wis.

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Il The Black and Red VOLUME XXIV NO. 8

JANUARY 1921

Northwestern College Watertown, Wisconsin

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ffHE BLACK AsND RED

,Volume XXIV.

Watertown, Wis., January 1921.

Number 8

THOUGHTS ON THE NEW YEAR. Alex Hillmer,，21.

As long as I am merely acquainted with my fellowman and he ! with me, he treats me upon my visits to him with strict formality, ushering me with great state into his reception room, where we dis­ course on the degenrated conditions of tlie world in general and on the inclemency of the weather in particular. As soon, however, as I become an intimate friend of his, I am. admitted into his family cirlce，initiated into the wonders of his back door, and so brought .into the real center of the home. The front door, although not in­ tending to deceive, seeks to cover up, to give an impression, where­ as the rear door shows the true nature of things, the groping spirit, and the beating heart.

So now we have just stepped from the back door of the old year. We have before our minds a picture of ourselves, of our ^opes, fears, and expectations, as all stood on the threshold of the coming year last January. We see how many of our hopes as also many of our fears came true, many, however, were shattered on tlie rocks of grim reality. We see many things come to pass whose possibility we never dreamt of. We cannot draw away the cur—235—

tain and look into the coming year, yet all can let the past year talk and perhaps gather a few words of advice.

We have spent an interesting year witli our school work, in­ teresting in many respects; for if it were not, we should be fools to continue therein. Many an agreeable hour have we had in con­ nection with our studies. In contemplating the lives, deeds, and thoughts of the great men of by-gone days, we seem to be trans­ ported to a new world to new fields where we fight anew the world’s great battles. Occasionally tempted, discouraged by present seem­ ing insurmountable difficulties, to cease our efforts, we were some­ what buoyed up by the thougit of tlie future, and we resolved to continue. Nevertheless, when we calmly consider what we achieved during the twelve months, we must admit it is very little indeed, but a drop in the bucket compared to what still remains, and we experience with all its bitterness tlie thought which Goethe ex­ pressed in his Faust: “Ach dass wir nichts wissen konnen, Das will mir schier das Herz verbrermen.”

But it is not alone in this field that we must realize our short­ coming. We are stewards of the Lord and have l)een set over this world’s goods. Have we Droved true to our trust? Our time here on earth is limited. Have we made use of this time of s^race? pride ourselves on our self-sacrifice in that we decided to scorn this world’s goods and to work in the kingdom of the Lord. We speak with great self-sufficiency: *Xo. we have left all, and followed Thee: what then shall we whf»t slia.ll we have? Tf we are looking for a fee from the Lord for services rendered, we phall en­ joy here whatever temporal clorv and iDleasure we mav have de­ rived from our efforts and after that, he cast as unprofitable^ sec­ ants into outer darkness: there shall be weeping and gnashing of teeth.

We should, however, not be diso.ouras:ed when we find that our efforts are futile: for It is the realization oiu，selfish worlds are an abomination in the eves of t.he Lord, that, forms the first step toward our salvation. Having in mind tlie entire hopelessness of our streneth, we cast, about for another firmer refuse upon which to anchor our faith. And this refuge we have in Jesus Christ, a haven that shelters us from all oppressing doubts.

During the time immediately preceding* tlie coming of Christ any observer of the times, whether lie be a Christian or not, who —236—

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f ^Jlhxtk ^ JleU j watched the flow of events with an unprejudiced eye and with an open mind, could not but see that the stage was set for some great occurrence. The heathen gods had been found unsatisfactory and had been shelved; statues of the deities in every house and at every crossing did not prove very comforting; Judaism had become bank­ rupt. Then “in the fullness of time” God sent His Son to bear the sins of the world. As God is the only God and as Christ is His only Son, so He is our only salvation, whom we must grasp in faith.

Although we may have to undergo many a privation and hardship and bear the burden of many a sorrow, we may rest assured, when we have accepted Him as our Lord, that He is but dealing with us in his loving way, and that the affliction is but a shadow of His wing. And the works we now do in His name, be they ever so small, are acceptable before him. Of those who die in the Lord it is said: Their works do follow them.

But the entire life of a Christian is a resolution to do better, We not only resolve to do better at the beginning of every new year, but begin every day’s work with a wish to please the Lord.

The fact that we do not succeed in living up to our resolution, for we become perfect in the next world only, should not deter us from trying again. For we see more scenery when we are half way up the mountain than we should have seen, had we stayed in the val­ ley. It is true the resolve to do the right thing is not enough, and the habit so prevalent among us of forgetting our New Year’s reso­ lutions on the second clay of the year is not to be approved of. Yet it is a step in the right direction, for if we do not see any room for improvement in ourselves, there will be no improvement no mat­ ter how sad matters stand with us.

ANGER STEELS, PARDON SOFTENS HEARTS. Theophil P. Uetzmann, ’21.

The discovery of gold in California and various places in the Kocky Mountains caused a flow of people from east to west. The desire to find gold, the craving to become rich, and perhaps in some cases a longing for adventure caused many men to leave their homes and occupations and to seek the hidden treasures and manifold possibilities, which were to be found in the unknown West. Es­ pecially in young manhood, in which the young blood is easily —237—

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aroused to adventurous undertakings, the call from the West was a beckoning voice. Organized companies, companions, and indi­ viduals, who were strong, sturdy, ambitious, and generally inde­ pendent in the world, slowly wandered across our continent. Two of the gold-seekers were Wallace Naclters and Roy Tilbourn, who had left their home in Vermont and were now located as miners in the California hills laboring hard from day to day in the search for the yellow metal.

In the twilight in front of their cabin Roy sat smoking his after-supper pipe. The sun had just disappeared behind the dis­ tant mountains, and the western sky was glowing with a bright red. It reminded Roy of the sweat Old Sol had exacted from him during the day. The large valley to liis left, known as the Desert Valley, was slowly darkened by the shadow which was gradually creeping over it. The young miner thought of his and his com­ panion^ arrival in this romantic country, lie recalled the weeks of hard labor spent in serach of gold, and until now they had not met with success. His pal Wallace had departed during the early morning for the nearest mining camp with some rock in order to obtain the opinion of experienced miners concerning the substance on which Roy’s and Wallace’s future depended. Roy was not pessi­ mistic, but nevertheless he expected Wailace to return with a down­ cast countenance announcing another failure. Their ill fortune, however, did not cast a doom on Roy, for liis thoughts were back in the Green Mountain state with his parents and especially with the girl of his heart, Viola Regall. They had been friends since their school-days, and Roy had been corresponding with her since his departure. He had written an important letter to lier a while ago and expected that Wallace would return with an answer from Viola that would make him happy for the rest of liis life. For Roy gold was not the highest ideal. True, he would like to become rich and make Viola happy, but if he failed, her love was still worth more to him than all the gold in California.

The approaching steps of Wallace ended Roy’s meditations, The traveler’s sweaty brow was laden with dust, but apparently care-free he was coming up the path, toward the cabin with an elastic step. Wallace and Roy had been chums from their youth, grew up as neighbors in a Vermont village, and were now two husky full-grown men. Until now they had mutually borne all hard­ ships and had always shared each, other’s felicity and prosperity.

Their friendship had developed into partnership, and as partners —238——

they had come to the West to seek their fortune. But in the bosom of Wallace dwelt avarice, although unknown to Roy. Wallace also was a silent admirer of Viola Regall and was extremely jealous of Roy, who always had found more favor with the Vermont lass than he had. .With excitement and high anticipations Roy awaited the ap­ proaching comrade. “What’s the news, Wall?” he shouted, as he sprang from liis seat. “Any gold? Any letters?”

Tired from his march Wallace sat down on a pile of lumber next to the cabin. Avarice and loyalty to his comrade were battling within him. The evil traits of character, however, soon were mas­ ters of Wallace, and he deceived Roy with a twofold lie.

“Neither the one, nor the other/* was his answer.

Wallace played the part of a hypocrite well, for the expert at the mining camp had said that the rock contained a good grade of gold, and in his rear pocket he had a letter from Viola Regall ad­ dressed to Roy Tilbourn, her fiance. Wallace had even opened the letter and had read its contents, which only encouraged him in his avaricious motives. In this man Roy had put his confidence; him lie loved like a brother.

“No gold! No letter!” exclaimed Roy, as he shrank down or the bench. The star of hope in his breast suddenly grew dim, an( the sparkling luster in liis eyes faded away. He shook his head, as he continued, “Tlie ore looked as if it might contain some gold, but I guess we were born under an unlucky star, Wall. Fate is ab­ solutely against us.”

Wallace watched his comrade from under the rim of his hat and said: “The ore only showed signs of fools gold. There can be no real gold in these rocks, or we would have found some by this time. But I have other good news which I brought with me. I received an offer to sell the claim and mining apparatus, just as it is, to a company for eight hundred dollars. The representative of the company promised to pay us spot cash. What do you think of the offer?”

“Why, of course we shall sell our claim, if anyone is foolish enough to buy it. If we continue to work and to invest and do not find gold soon, we shall be forcing ourselves into bankruptcy, but if we can sell now, we shall at least regain most of the money we invested. Wall, I，m in favor of selling out. I’m going to try my luck at something else, and just as soon as I am financially able I am going back to Vermont.”

—239—

Wallace dared not look up, but stared to the ground, while his avaricious heart triumphed in his bosom. “Yes,” lie replied. “I also consder it wise to sell. I shall return to the mining camp to­ morrow and arrange with the buyer.”

Complying with his suggestion, Wallace returned to the min­ ing camps the next day and completed his treacherous plan by bor­ rowing four hundred dollars and having papers made out which verified that the claim was sold to him under the assumed name of a company. Wallace returned and Roy signed the contract, thus blindly giving liis false comrade legal right to an enormous wealth.

The next morning while Roy was packing some of liis belong­ ings lie saked, “Well, Wall, where are we going now?”

“You can go where you please,” came the short and abrupt answer.

“I can go where I please? Don’t we intend to be partners any longer?” Roy questioned with astonishment.

“What’s the use? We never have luck together anyway. I intend to stay here and work for the company that bought our claim,” was the cold response.

This sudden noticeable change in liis partner was a puzzle to Roy, and he was inclined to mistrust his ears, but he remained com­ posed and said, “You obviously don’t want my friendship any longer, and I shall not force it upon you. I can paddle my own canoe and shall leave you as soon as possible.”

The next morning Roy started with his four hundred dollars for the Pacific coast, where he heard much about the fur trade in the nortth. As a lover of travel and adventure Roy went north as far as the Canadian boundry and soon was engaged in the trapping business. After a year and a half he had saved a handsome sum of money and decided to return to his home in tlie East. The best and safest way to travel back, however, was through. California, and thus Roy passed through a village in the vicinity of Nacker’s mine, where lie chanced to hear about the success of his former property. He also learned that Wallace was the sole owner of the mine, on which now was erected a large rock crusher. Tlie mean trick of Wallace was clear to him, and he considered him­ self a fool for having been such, an easy victim. This was his reward for years of sincere kindness to liis friend. Such was the re­ sult of absolute confidence in one who had been liis partner from —240—

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boyhood. It seemed impossible, but yet it was only too true. The mine he had worked hard for many weeks without any reward was now a source of unknown riches. Morally he had a right to half of the wealth, but legally lie had no claim to it.

Wallace had cheated him and had deceitfully stolen his share. While these mor­ tifying thoughts passed through his heart, the word revenge flashed and revenge he would have. He would through his mind, turn Wallace’s heart, a stone of avarice, into a sponge of remorse.

He would make the culprit beg for mercy and verify the proverb that he who laughts last laughs best.

The trail leading from Nackei.’s mine to the village where Roy was staying lay entirely in the Desert Valley. Other trails by which the new gold site could be reached led through mountainous regions and were difficult to travel. It was obvious that Wallace could only ship his gold ore into the market via the desert route, and Roy was well aware of this fact. A full day was required for a pack train to travel from the mine to the village, and this journey would have been impossible but for a well on a few acres of fertile ground mid­ way between the village and the mountains. This small area was a true oasis in the Desert Valley and furnished the necessary water and rest for thirsty and fatigued pack animals. The well, undoubt­ edly dug by early explorers, had ever since been a necessity for all travelers who ventured into the valley. Roy knew that Wallace would make use of this well to refresh his pack animals when he began to ship his gold from the mountains. Here was his oppor­ tunity. By taking possession of this well he could control the transportation of Wallace’s riches.

Roy remained in the village, until one day he heard the news that Wallace was making preparations to ship his gold. Equipped and provided with all necessities of life and protection, Roy reached the oasis and made his home in the old cabin, undoubtedly erected by those who previously owned the well.

For many days Roy watched in vain for the appearance of dust up the valley, which would indicate the coming of Wallace. But the day of Roy’s plan­ ned revenge finally arrived. It was a sultry day with hardly a breeze stirring; the desert sand glowed in the scorching sun, and birds of prey were soaring through the air. About three o’clock in the afternoon Roy was standing in the doorway of the cabin and noticed moving objects in the distance. 1-Ie concentrated all his attention on the approaching caravan and prepared himself for the decisive meeting with Wallace. Nearer and nearer came the bur—241—

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den-laden horses driven by Wallace and the owner of the animals, whom Wallace had hired to transport his gold.

Having arrived opposite the well the caravan halted.

Both men and horses presented a pitiful scene; thirsty and fatigued they were longing for water and rest. The owner of the horses was well acquainted with the place, and as he noticed that the well-cover was securely fastened with lock and chain, he walked towards Roy, who was standing in the cabin entrance.

“Are you the man,” asked Moore when lie had reached a place . opposite Roy, “wlio locked that well? I have come for the key to open it, so I can water my horses.** Roy tried to remain cool, but, nevertheless there was a shake in his voice as he replied “I consider myself tlie present owner of this well, and for every bucket of water you draw I demand three thousand dollars.”

“Man, are you crazy?” asked Moore bewildered, losing his tem­ per. “Three thousand dollars for a bucket of water?”

• “That is what I said, and I mean it,” came Roy’s calm reply.

Moore stared at the figure in the door for a minute, then truned and called for Wallace, who was counting his sacks of gold to as­ sure his covetous heart that none were missing. Wallace obeyed the call, and Moore met him and told him of the 'veil-owner’s de­ mand. With, clenched fists Wallace stepped up to Roy, as he mur­ mured, “We’ll see about this matter.”

His eyes met those of Roy, and his face grew pale as he recog­ nized his old comrade. The look of determination, the fearless atti­ tude in Roy made Wallace feel very uneasy. Regaining his pres­ ence of mind he began to speak in a pleasant voice, “Why, Roy, you surely don’t intend to ask such an enormous price for the water.

You know we cannot continue our journey without watering the animals. Many of them are even now suffering from thirst.”

“You had your chance, and this is mine,” declared Roy. “Your animals will not taste a drop of water, unless you pay the price I demand.

Wallace was again possessed with rage. “Not one ounce of my gold will I give you,------ you highway robber. Moore, get ready to proceed on our journey.”

“Impossible,” muttered the driver. We would kill our horses before we arrived half way to the village. We cannot, and I will not move from here, until we obtain water. It is your business to furnish drink for tlie animals, since you seem to be the cause of —242—

this predicament. If I lose any liorses on your account, you shall pay a good price for them.

Wallace recognized his hazardous situation and realized fully in what trap Roy had caught him. He knew that his only hope was to overcome the stubborn will of Roy, and at this thought lie drew his hand to his holster. But Roy had expected that, and be­ fore Wallace could draw his revolver, he and Moore were covered

by Roy，s pistol. A sharp, “Don’t move!” sent a chill through Wal­ lace, while Roy took possession of all weapons belonging to the two miners. Roy now reentered his cabin, where from the open window he guarded the well. A raging passion possessed Wallace, and he made a final attempt to compel Moore to move with their gold. But the driver knew the impossibility and began to relieve the horses of their burden. Wallace, however, obstinately swore rather to see the death of every horse than to comply with Roy’s terms.

Night was slowly stealing into the valley. Wallace sat on his gold bags meditating on his precarious situation. The thought that Roy was giving him his own medicine never occurred to him. Hon­ esty, justice, and honor were of late unknown to him. His covetouf plan had merely been a successful business transaction. But th< present treatment from Roy he considered a crime, and in vain hvl pondered over methods of saving his wealth. The fact that he had been trapped by his former partner only increased his wrath; to bow to a stranger would have been much easier, but Roy’s triumph would be unbearable mortification.

Moore spent a sleepless night with liis horses, talking to them in a pitiful tone and caressing them, which was all he had to give.

He was sorry now that he was under obligations to transport Nacker’s gold, but the big wages he was receiving had induced him to ac­ cept the offer. Frequent neighing, faint calls for water from the horses’ parched throats, would arouse tender sympathy in the aver­ age man’s heart.

These lamentable sounds also reached Roy, who stayed on his guard in. the window. For the first time tie began to give his revenge­ ful actions serious thought. Were not these horses innocent of the injustice he had received? What wrong had the poor animals committed to share the punishment intended for Wallace? He be­ gan to compare himself with Wallace. Was he any better than the man on whom he sought to take revenge? What other motive than avairice forced his action? Roy’s thoughts wandered across the

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continent to his home in Vermont. Perhaps at this very moment his mother was sitting in her large rocker with, the Bible in her lap. And in this book was written, “Love thy enemies,” and again, “Vengeance is mine; I will repay, saith tlie Lord.” Then he thought of Viola. What would she think of him? His action would sm-ely not meet the approval of her pure heart. It was a restless night for Roy, and the conflict within him grew more intense every hour.

Although thirsty and harassed by his situation, Wallace soon found sleep. When he awoke the dawning day in the east greeted him, and among the horses lie noticed a figure watering and feed­ ing them. He rubbed his eyes and looked several times. There was no mistake; it was Roy. By this time Roy was at his side. “Wall,” he said in the same amiabl<le tone of years ago, “I don，t want your gold. The horses are watered. I did you injustice; forgive me. Here is my hand.”

Wallace was thunderstruck. He saw before him the comrade of many years, thought of their former brotherly attachment, and recalled numerous kindnesses which lie had received from Roy. Now again he showed liimself tlie better man, and this last act softened the heart of Wallace. He grasped the outstretched hand and replied, “Roy, old pal, you are the better of us two. I treated you like a dog and should have received wliat I deserved. Half of my gold is yours. Forgive me, Roy, and join me again. I will never —•” “All is well and good, Wall,” interrupted Roy. “ You have my pardon.”

Roy joined Wallace, and several days later when the two were alone in the latter’s cabin Wallace stepped up to Roy with a letter in his hand. “Roy,” lie began, “You don’t know how despicable my treatment towards you has been. On the day you expected a letter from Viola, I lied to you, for I actually had one and was mean enough to read the contents. But I saved tlie letter and here it is.”

With eagerness Roy’s eyes flew over the pages, and Wallace watched the smile that grew on the reader’s face. When Roy fin­ ished Wallace exclaimed grasping his regained partner’s hand, “Congratulations, old boy! Viola is going to have a rich husband.”

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DIE GESCHICHTE DES HEILIGEN GRALS. Rudolph C. Horlamus ’24.

Nicht nur die englischen, sondern auch die deutschen und franzosischen Volker batten verschiedene Gralsagen. Wenn man diese Sagen aber vergleicht, so findet man, dass sie alle anders lauten.

Die beiden, die am bekanntesten sind, sind wohl die englischen und die deutschen Sagen.

Nach der englischen Legende, die Perceval-Geschichte, lebten eine verbannte Konigin und ihr Solin in einem Forst. Die Konigin liess den Solin aber niemals wissen, dass er von hoher Geburt war. Da sie nun so einsam im Walde lebten, gewann der Sohn bald die Vogel und wilden Tiere lieb.

Eines Tages, als er nun ini Walde war, traf er mehrere Ritter an. Dies beendigte alle seine Liebe fiir den Wald; denn er wollte auch solche Kleidung tragen, wie sie trugen, und auch die grossen Taten tun, von denen sie ihm erzahlten. Er entschloss sich sofort den Wald unci seine Mutter zu verlassen und den Rittern zu folgen.

Auf seinen Reisen gelangte er zuerst an den Hof eines Rit ters, wo er alle Pflicliten des Ritterstandes lernte. Eine Sach( aber, die er hier lernte, niimlich, class er nicht fragen sollte, war spater fur ilm verderblich. Naclidem seine Zeit an diesem Hof vollendet war, fing er wieder an zu wandern.

Nun kam er zu dem Hof des Fischerkonigs, wo der Konig von einer schweren Krankheit gequiilt, in grossen Schmerzen auf seinem Bette lag. Stiindlich wurde der Gral und eine blutende Lanze vor ihm vorbeigefuhrt. Hiitte Perceval jetzt nur, da er dies sahe, gefragt, was dies alles bedeuten sollte, ware der Konig gesund geworden. Perceval versaumte jedoch, dies zu tun, und so musste er das Schloss mit viel Hohn und Spott wieder verlassen.

Er wanderte nun wieder in dem Lande umher, aber wo er auch hinkam, stand das Bild des Fischerkonigs immer vor ihm. Dies trieb ihn desto schneller in der Welt umher, bis er endlich einen Einsiedler traf.

Von diesem lernte er, dass der Gral eine alte Schiissel war, in welcher Joseph von Arimathia etwas von dem Blute Christi auffing, da er am Kreuze hing, und die auch. die wunderbare Kraft besass, Kranke zu heilen, Gerechte zu speisen, aus ein wenig Brot genug fiir fiinfhundert Leute zu machen und ihren eignen Wachter zu wahlen. Der Einsiedler erklarte auch, wenn er —245—

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I，施 ■i! nur gefragt hatte, so hatte er den Konig erlost, und er ware von dem Konige als Wiichter des Grals anerkannt' worden.

Nachdem Perceval dies gehort hatte, machte er sich wieder auf, das Schloss und den Oral zu suchen. Nach langem Forschen fand er endlich. das Schloss. Diesmal war es ihm aber nicht so leiclit, den Konig zu erlosen; denn er musste zuerst ein zerbrochenes Schwert zusammenfugen. Sobald er dies getan hatte, war der Konig gesund, und Perceval wurde von ihm als der reclite und neue Wachter des Grals anerkannt.

In der deutschen Legende, die von Wolfram gesclirieben ist, erzahlt Wolfram, dass Parzifal und seine Mutter Herzeloide, nacli dem Tode des Vaters, eines abenteuerlustigen Ritters, sich in den Wald zuriickzogen. Dem Gesinde war hier nicht erlaubt, mit dem jungen Parzifal iiber der Ritterschaft zu reden. Sie erlaubte ihra nur ein Hofvergniigen: mit einer eigenhandig gemachten Armbrust dem Waldwild nachzujagen.

Als Parzifal nun zum Jiingling herangewachsen war, begegnete er eines Tages mehreren Rittern. Diese waren von der Tafelrunde des Konigs Artus. Er wollte nun sogleicli zum Konig Artus gehen und sich auch zum Ritter sclilagen lassen. Da die Mutter sah, dass sie ihn nicht mehr zuruckhalten konnte, legte sie ihm endlich Narrenkleidung an, in der Hoffnung, dass er wieder zurlickkehren wiirde, wenn er sahe, wie die Welt ihn verlaclite.

Er gelangte endlich nach einer langen Reise an den Hof des Rittermeisters Gurnemanz. Dieser nahm ihn freundlicli auf und lehrte ihn alien Pflichten eines Ritters. Nach vierzelin Tagen entliess dieser ilin in Ritterkleidung, und Parzifal vermalilte sich bald mit der Konigin Kundwiramur. Das Heimweh nach seiner Mut­ ter, das in ihm erwacht war, liess sich aber nicht stillen. iDeshalb beurlaubte er sich von seinem Weibe und seinen Kindern und ritt hinaus, seine Mutter zu suclien. So gelangte er am Abend desselben Tags bei der Gralburg auf Mont Salvatsch an.

Hier empfing er nun neue Gewiinder, und er wurde dann zu einem Ehrensitz neben dem kranken Burgherrn gewiesen. Bald wurde eine blutende Lanze durch den Saal getragen, und eine Jung­ frau brachte eine Jaspisschale, die Tageslielle flammte. Sie spendete auch einem jeden der Anweseden Speise und Trank.. Dies alles machte einen tiefen Eindruck auf ihn, aber er wagt© nicht zu fragen. Da die Ritter sahen, dass er nicht fragte, verliessen sie traurig den. Saal. Parzifal erblickte dann in einem andern Zimmer einen zweiten Ritter auf einem sclineeweissen Krankenbett. 一246— —

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Er verliess nun den Saal und begab sich voll Kummer zur Ruhe.

Nach einer traumvollen Nacht erwachte er und fand das Schloss wie ausgestorben. Sein Pferd stampfte schon ungeduldig vor der Tiire, und das I-Ioftor stand offen. Er kleidete sich nun schnell und verliess das Schloss unter grossem Hohn von seiten der Schlossbewohner.

Nun kam eine liarte Zeit fiir .ihn. Wo er nur liinkam, fand er Ritter, die er erst besiegen nnisste, bevor er weiter gehen konnte.

Ja, dies war noch nicht das Schlimmste, sondern dass die Fluchbotin lies Grals, die Kimdrie, ihm liberal 1 folgte, qualte ihn am meisten. Zuletzt aber kam er zu der I-Iiitte des Einsiedlers Trevrezent. Er bekannte diesem, class er ein armer Sunder sei, welcher der christlichen Belelirung bediirfe. Trevrezent nahm ihn freundlich auf und erziililte ihm besonders von dem Gral. Dies machte einen tiefen Eindruck auf Parzifal, und er bekannte alle seine Erfahrungen auf der Gralburg.

Nach seiner Belehrung hier lernte er wieder auf Gott, den er verleugnet hatte, trauen. Er streifte wieder umher, um den Gra7 zu suchen. Da wurde er nun eines Tages von ,Gawan angerannf da er auf Klingscliors Gebiet anlangte. Parzifal stach ihn abe leicht aus dem Sattel und gab sich dann zu erkennen. Die fruhert Freundschaft wurde nun erneuert, und 卩awan iiberredete ilin noch einmal, den Artush of zu besuchen. Er zog nun weiter. Bei Fontan la Salvatsch aber musste er seinen let.zten Kampf bestehen. Er sturzte auch hier seinen heidnischen Gegner. Da der Heide auf dem Boden lag, sah Parzifal, dass es sein Halbbruder Feirifiss war.

Die beiden Ritter machten sich nun auf und gelangten bald an den Artushof, wo auch Feirifiss aufgenommen wurde. Bei den Festlichkeiten erschien Kundrie, aber nicht mit einem Fluch, sondern niit einem Segen flir Parzifal.

Da Parzifal den Segen der Kundrie gehort hatte, riistete er sich sofort, um die Gralburg zu suchen. Er erwahlte seinen Halbbruder als Begleiter, da er einen Ritter zur Begleitung haben durfte.

Sobald er zu der Gralburg kam, stellte er die Frage: “Oheim，was fehlt dir?” Der Konig wurde sogleich gesund und erklarte Parzi­ fal als Wachter des Grals. Dieser war ein Edelstein, auf den eine Taube jedes Jahr am Karfreitag eine Oblate als Symbol des Opfers Christi auf dem Kreuze hinlegte. Durch diese Oblate erlangte der Gral inimer wieder seine Kraft. Da Feirifiss alles dieses sah, bekehrte er sich und liess sich taufen.

Da Christian von Troyes, der Schreiber der franzosischen Ge—247—

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schichte, sehr friih starb, wurde diese niemals beendigt. Der Teil, der aber fertig ist, stimmt uberraschend mit Wolframs Geschichte uberein, und man sagt, das Wolfram diese Gescliiclite in seiner Sage benutzt hat.

Ungefahr zweihundertundfiinfzig Jahre waren die Geschichten des heiligen |Grals fast die Religion der Ritter. Sie strebten darnach, so zu leben, dass sie den Gral endlich hiiten durften. Dann kam aber die Renaissance, welclie diese Geschichten in den I-Iintergrund riickte. Man horte dann wieder niclits von ihnen bis zu unserer Zeit, da die englischen und deutschen Dichter sie wieder behandelten.

TO PLAY OR NOT TO PLAY, THAT IS THE QUESTION. Fred Knoll,，22.

It was Wednesday the day before the annual football game be­ tween Hampden and Brown College. The importance of the day did not lie in the fact that this was tlie annual game or that these two colleges were old rivals on the gridiron, but that this was the championship game for the state conference title. If Hampden won it would be the first time it had won the championship. At Hampden preparations were being made for a stupendous program and banquet in case of a victory. But the players themselves were not very confident.

They were not afraid of the Brown College team, but there was a possibility of their being minus the services of their sterling cap­ tain, George Eliot. If George were prevented from playing because of injuries, the team would have taken it as part of the game, But what kept him from playing was his low standard in liis studies.

Wednesday afternoon George was called before the faculty and told that if he would pass in an English examination, which he was to write in the morning, he could play.

Wednesday evening there was a dance at the college to which George was invited. As usual liis partner for the occasion was Lois, the daughter of the professor, who was to decide his fate the following morning. During the dance George told liis friend of the predicament he was in, but she didn’t say a word. At times, while the others were enjoying themselves, Lois would sit abstract­ edly staring at the moving crowd before her. George asked lier repeatedly why she was so quiet, but she never gave him a satis—248— :

factory explanation. But all the wliile she was contemplating how she might be of any assistance to George in making his examin­ ation. Suddenly she started up and whispered in his ear: “George, I can help you, be in the college park in the morning.” That was all she said, and George only smiled. He did not ask her how she was going to help, he was glad her spirits were again enlivened and most of all that she v/as willing and eager to help him.

The next morning George was in the park at the appointed time and was anxiously waiting for Lois. He was not so anxious about the help he was to receive from her as he was about the outcome of the game. “Good morning,” said Lois as she neared George.

Her face was wreathed in smiles, for she imagined she had helped George pass in the examination and thereby won the game for I-Iampden. George returned the salutation and accepted a small piece of paper which Lois handed him. He read it, smiled and tore it to bits before Lois could utter a word. Her face saddened as she said: “George! what have you done?” Then in tears she told him how that night after the dance she had noiselessly crept into her father’s study and, without thinking that she was doing wrong, had copied the questions which her father had intended for the ex­ amination. George consoled her and said: “Lois, I’m sorry cannot accept your assistance; if I passed in the examination b: foul means, I would play in the game with a troubled conscience and would be of little assistance to my team-mates, who are giv­ ing the best.” With this explanation lie left Lois dumbfounded and made his way to the classrooms.

George waited fully an hour for the professor, who was known to be absentminded, and had in all probability forgotten the examination. Fearing that the professor would not come and would thus hinder him from any chance of playing at all, he went to his home to remind him of the appointment. At the professor’s sug­ gestion George agreed to write the examination in the professor’s study. When he had finished writing, the professor told him he would see him in the gymnasium before the game and let him know whether he passed. George left the house, doubtful as to the re­ sult of his efforts.

The game had started and the professor had not yet put in his appearance. George was pacing the floor like some wild animal in a cage. Lois watched the game from the gymnasium window anji told George every play, so that lie knew everything that was going on out on the gridiron, although he was too nervous to stand

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and watch himself. The first half ended without either side scor­ ing. And still the professor was not to be seen. The second half began. Both, teams fought frantically and at the end of the third quarter the score was 12-7 in Brown’s favor. The game was nearing its close when the Hampden rooters began yelling for Eliot.

There was but three minutes left to play. For the first time ,George disobeyed the rules of the faculty. He put on his headgear and cried: “Permission or no permission, we are going to win!” and slammed the door behind him. As lie reported to the referee, a tre­ mendous yell from the Hampden rooters was heard. It was Brown’s ball in the center of the field. They failed to gain in three line plays and tried a long forward pass. George intercepted it, threw off two tacklers, side-stepped two more, and ran fifty yards for. a touchdown. Before Hampden could kick goal, the whistle blew signifying the end of the game.

The score was 13-12 in Hampden’s favor. George’s team-mates carried him on their shoulders to the gymnasium. Here they met Lois’s father. George was afraid to confront the professor and :ried to avoid him, thinking that now he would be suspended. But the professor came up to George, congratulated him on passing in the examination and said that lie had forgotten all about the ap­ pointment in the gymnasium. When the professor was told that George had won the game, he congratulated him again and invited him to dinner. George was loath to accept, but just then he espied Lois nodding to him to accept and he did.

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瞧E BLACK AND RED Published Monthly by the StudcnU of the Noithvrcotern CoIIeffe.

EDITORIAL STAFF EDWIN A. JASTER, *1\ WM.P. HOLZHAUSEN,

Aasociatc Editor

EDITOR-IN-CHIBF

BUSINESS MANAGERS BUSINH ADVER

ALEX. R. HILLMER,⑴ CARL P. BOLLE, »2J

DEPARTMENT EDITORS EXCHANGES ATHLETICS COLLEGE NOTES LOCALS CAMPUS AND_ CLASSROOM

DUDLEY H. ROHDA, »22 NUS H. WINTER,，22 HOPHILF.UETZMANN >2\ VICTORW.THIERFELDER »23 GUSTAV O. KRAUSE, »22

Contributions to the Lltcrarz Dcpanmcnt arc requested from AlUmnf «na untfergraduatw. All Ut«ait matter ahouUbt addressed to the Editor-In-Chief and all buainew communications to the Bu«in««i Manager.

The terms of subscriptions are S Dollar per annum, payabl# in adyancc. SingU copits9 I Starnoa not ^cccotcd la oavmcnt. Notify* us -voo wish rour Addrtsi chan«o or Tout diicontlnutd* Advcrtliiag f£t«s iurnished upon application, TIm Black ud Red !a {orw.\rded to all subscribers until order for lu dUcontlnu»nc« Is fccciruJ ot th« aub •cribtf {t more than oac ycArin Arrears* Bnt«rc<l at the Postoffice of WAtertown, Wis.va3 sccond-cUsa matter*

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THE AWAKENING. Disappointment is but the awakening from a dream to the cold facts of failure. The exquisite gossamer fabric of the dream, intricately woven with infinite pains by the shuttle of time, hangs torn and rent. As the hand of man brushes aside the spider’s web and leaves it a fluttering ruin, so cruel fate tears the veil which was supposed to envelop a wonderful project and reveals a result far different from the dream, to the disappointment of its fabricator.

Day after day we are subject to these pangs of disappointment and we realize the fact that life is a continual failure. Were there nothing to alleviate these tortures, this world would be a dungeon, and the mind the tormentor. ，Since the world is not a dungeon, there must be something yhich affords lasting joy. There is but one thing on earth which, is not a disappointment, and that is religion. Faith alone con­ duces to satisfaction, the one joy and hope of the people which 一251—

| 變a妙:HeZl | brings peace of mind. But who can say that lie himself found this?

Luther as a Catholic was restless and afraid. He was seeking after something, but knew not what. He groped in darkness, and his reason could not ferret out the secret of his dissatisfaction. He had satisfaction thrust upon him. He accidentally read the pass­ age in a chained Bible, **Through faith ye are saved,” and he knew then what he was seeking after. Herein alone lay peace of mind for him, and throughout his life this faith never disappointed him.

When we have faith we see light, but there are still millions who do not. Think of the heathen groping in the blackness of sin, seek.ing, seeking, but never finding. A day may be full of pleasant sur­ prises, and still they feel that there is something wanting. What it is they can never learn by their own effort; religion can only be given. They must be taught that satisfaction is caused but by the awakening to faith.

We as students are building on the gossamer fabric of our dreams. We are shaping our destinies at college, and lofty ideals spur us on. But every day we awaken to some new disappointment and are in a measure never satisfied. One thing we do possess, and that is the faith, which we shall expound; the one thing which is riot a disappointment. For this reason we should be proud, not only that we are college students, but that we are college students preparing to uphold the doctrine which has never proved false and which alone can bring to the world the satisfaction of awakening to perfect peace of mind.

J.--

THE BLUE LAWS. Strict observance of the Blue Laws will not mend conditions in regard to keeping the Sabbath.” We could probably fill our churches, since everybody would be required to attend. But why should we compel people to go to churcli on Sunday? Is it consti.tutional? Are we not free to attend church when we please, or * has the day come nigh when we must needs have a law to force each and everyone to attend religious services on Sunday, regard­ less whether the individual believes in the Gospel that should be preached or not?

It would not be surprising if an attempt were made in our state legislature to pass some Blue Law within the next montlis; !■

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i- ^Jlhxth妙況边 neither would it be astonishing if three fourths of the states adopt Blue Laws. We are too feeble in our protests against such meas­ ures. We do not realize how serious the infringement upon our personal liberty is. After these puritanical laws are once in force, it will mean that the civil authorities will prescribe what course the church should take and how its affairs are to be regulated. That must not be. The civil authorities must not encroach upon the rights of the church, neither upon the religious convictions of the individual. Church-going on Sunday mornings or auto-riding on a Sunday afternoon does not come within the scope of civil authori­ ties. If it does, we shall shortly be confronted with conditions as they existed during the Inquisition or in some of our eastern colo­ nies during the latter part of the seventeenth century.

What is the purpose of the Blue Laws? We cannot make people be good by law. We cannot kick a man into heaven against his wish, and that’s the exact idea embodied in the principles of the Blue Laws. Should a man keep the Sabbath because the LAW says so? No? Out of love and devotion to our Saviour we keep the Sabbath Day; but not once a week; nay, every day.

Forcing a man to be a Christian is not Christianity in the least.

A man may speak the same prayer, observe the same ceremonies at church, read the same Bible his neighbor does, and yet be a pro­ nounced heathen. Why should a baseball game on a Sunday after­ noon be a breach of law? Is a game played on a Wednesday after­ noon more legal ? It isn’t the mere outward action or time which fulfills the “keeping of the Sabbath”； it is the thought deep down in the innermost heart which accompanies the particular action that must be considered. True reform begins with the heart not with laws, however blue they be.

G. K.

Now we have it! The laxity in distinguishing between right and wrong, between virtue and vice during the past several years is now bringing results. The country is being swept by a crimewave such as never before has ben known. Murder, vice, and theft are so prevalent and the atmosphere of the cities is so permeated with evil that people are not safe even in their own homes. The daily papers never lack material to fill the pages with what they call sensational murders and scandalous proceedings. Now people must gather the harvest from the seeds of indifference which they —253—

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have so heedlessly sown. He who sows the wind reaps the whirl­ wind. People themselves have brought about the present condi­ tion, and now they look for aid against it and know not where to find it. They were satisfied when some constituted authorities re­ fused to protect innocent people in their rights, thus encouraging lawlessness..

The police are helpless under such an enormity of crime. How can it be otherwise when for every policeman there are at least twenty criminals? Not only men, but even women and young girls and boys are flinging all scruples aside and are plunging into the maelstrom of crime. Heedlessly thousands perpetrate crimes and the law is incapable of handling such a super-abundance of evil, and now instead of an abatement there is an increase in crime.

What will be tlie result if no check is put to the headlong rush?

The outlook is appalling; still there must be some method to relieve us of the distressing situation, there must be a way to get free of the havoc to whicli the present tendency is leading. There is a way, but only one way, and this the people do not want to try.

The cause of this sudden declivity from tlie safe and stable path to the murderous way, is the rank materialism rampant in recent years, especially taught in schools and colleges. The Bible is a dust-catcher, and the novels and magazines are the literature of all. Such books as these are worn out from constant reading.

Ask some of the present day children wlio Absalom was and see how many know. Instead of going to church people frequent the theatres and play houses. They do not deny a God, but are so in­ different that they heedlessly follow their desires with no thought of the future. They do not realize how they are building, they live but for the hour. Again the real Epicurean spirit dominates: “Eat, drink, and be merry, ignore God.” Thus any one may see that indifference toward the true religion on the part of the majority of our nation is tlie cause of the crime wave. As soon as the people will again listen to tlie preaching of the Gospel in its apostolic purity, then we shall be relieved from the distressing situation. The Gospel of Christ must prevail and that will be the security for the world.

J.--

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一O. A. F. Brandt,，85, attended the funeral of his sister, Mrs. Mary Brandt, Dec. 27. Brandt taught for twenty-five years in the pub­ lic schools of Minnesota and is now drawing a pension. At present he is manager of a railroad club house in Salt Lake City, Utah.

Hugo Brandt,，00, was called to Watertown on account of the death of his mother, Mrs. Mary Brandt.

—J. Henning,，18, and E. La Haine, *20, of the Theological Sem­ inary at Wauwatosa, Wis., were visitors at Watertown, Dec. 3-5.

Mr. Henning called again, Dec. 17. 一G. Press, ’20, of tlie Seminary at Wauwatosa, Wis., made a fly­ ing trip to this metropolis, Dec. 10.

—Wallie Stueber, our former giant of Clyman, Wis., spent Dec. 10-11, in our midst. 一G. Proehlich, acad. ’20, alias Happy, of Jackson, Wis” called on his old friends, Dec. 11. Incidentally, the Smoking Society is now richer by six new Brunswick records. 一Dr. A. F. Ernst journeyed to St. Paul, Minn., Dec. 4-6. During his sojourn, at the Minnesota capital, he delivered several addresses to the congregations of his son, the Rev. G. Ernst, ’00, and of the Rev. Art. Koehler, a New Ulm-Concordia graduate, for the welfare of the church and the spreading of its doctrine. At the beginning of the Christmas recess on account of pressing business matters, Dr. Ernst again went traveling, this time to the East to see his son. Dr. Charles Ernst, ’S9, who resides in Philadelphia, Penn.

—The Rev. E. W. Hillmer, *13, of Sodus, Mich., is the proud possessor of a healthy baby boy since Nov. 14.

—Irwin Gamm, *16, of Watertown, Wis” who is taking post grad—255—

uate course in the Department of Forestry at the U. of Washington, Seattle, Wash., and who is at home at present, visited this insti­ tution and met old acquaintances.

—Dr. Gerh. Tlirun, ex *13, and wife, who was a Watertown girl before marriage, of Lansing, Mich., were holiday visitors in Watertown. During his visit Dr. Thrun aiso called on his Alma Mater.

—Dr. J. H. Ott attended a meeting of the Modern Language Asso­ ciation held at Chicago during the holidays. 一The Rev. W. Gutzke, *17, of Powers, Mich., spent his holiday vacation within the confines of the city of Watertown.

—Recently we have received copies of the Evangelist, a jour­ nal issued by pastors of the Pacific Northwest Conference. Part of the paper is devoted to news of local interest and the remainder is filled with various articles ranging from questions on church doctrines to descriptions of the western country. As most of the contributors to the journal have once dwelled in the halls of North­ western, the news items were read with interest and were greatly appreciated. The following notes are excerpts from the local news. 一The Rev. Kurt Koehler was installed at Omak, Wash., Oct. 24, and at Mansfield, Wash., Oct. 26, by the Rev. F. Soil and the Rev. Wm. Lueckel assisting. ―The Rev. R. Fenske occupied the pulpit in Leavenworth, Oct. 24, and conducted services at Waterville, Oct. 31.

—In the December issue of the Black and Red we reported that the Rev. E. A. Sitz, ’14, of Whiteriver, Ariz., was married. We have since learned that this is not true and wish to acknowledge our error. As we sincerely regret that the erroneous statement ap­ peared in our column, we hope the parties concerned will forgive our transgression.

The Philomathean Literary Society opened the season for literary work on December 11. The following program was rendered: 1. IPrincesB of India_____________________________H. L. King.

College Select Band.

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ft ^Math 妙:j 2.

Opening Address President A. Hillmer, ’21.

Schiller.

3. Der Ring des Polycrates Reinhold Koch, ’24.

Original 4. The Training of Spartan Boys-----------Waldemar Weissgerber, ’24.

5. How They Brought the Good News from Ghent to Aix__ ___________________________________ Robert Browning.

Alvin Baer, ’23.

Kreisler.

6. Liebesfreud Piano Solo, Carl Bolle, ’21.

7. Non Scholae, sed Vitae, Discimus---------Original.

I-Ians Bierwagen, *21.

Robert Southey.

S. The Well of St. Keyne Ralph Gamm, ’24.

9. The Clock Charles Aire.

Arthur Gentz, ’22.

Adam ,Geibel.

10. The Jolly Blacksmith^ Lay. College Octet.

Much credit for the society’s success and good results which were shown on the first appearance is due to the Master of Cere­ monies, W. Ilolzliausen, who had arranged an interesting, instruc­ tive, and well balanced program. The heavier literary work com­ posed of several original speeches and good poems from English and German literature was spiced with a humorous essay and light­ ened with three meritorious musical numbers. This balanced ar­ rangement pleased the audience, for a change from music to a vari­ ation of light and heavy literature is both instructive and enter­ taining.

The opening address by President Hillmer was a model for the society. He showed wliat spirit should lead the members to do literary work and proposed a plan for the society, which, if carried out by the members, will crown the season’s work with the laurels of success, manifest chiefly in the benefits by the members.

Several of the speakers appeared on the stage in literary work for the first time and did exceptionally well, which is specially true of Weissgerber, who spoke free and distinctly, so that the audience was able to hear every consonant. H. Bierwagen carried his topic out nicely and showed the student’s purpose at school. Our attention never flagged when A. Gentz began to speak, for he re­ cited in a loud clear tone. The music numbers were also of credit—257—

able quality. It was the band’s first public appearance for this year. Carl Bolle did justice to Kreisler’s Liebesfreud and an equal­ ly pleasing encore, in which he showed that he has overcome all the faults and defects of amateur piano-players. The vocal rendi­ tions by the octet were pleasing. With a little more practice and improvement in harmony their singing will attain a high standard.

Professor Huth acted as critic for the evening.

:1

On the following Saturday, December 18, the Phi |Gamma Rho Literary Society held their first meeting. The program rendered was: P. Lachner.

1. Enoch Arden College Orchestra.

2. Introductory Address President A. Meier, ’21.

Schiller.

3. Die Burgschaft 0. Henning, ’23.

Original.

4. Albrecht Duerer as a Lutheran--------Walter Kleinke, ’24.

Uhland.

6. Das Gluck von Edenhall Hilbert Engel, ’23.

6. Vocal Selections Tenors: A. Arndt, *21, and A. Baer, *23.

Bases: I. Uetzmann, *22, and I. Boettcher, ’21.

7. Die Verschworung Katilinas____________________ Original.

Rudolph. Horlamus, ’24.

Poem.

8. The Christmas StoryP. Kaelber, 24.

Original.

9. The History of Christmas D. Rossin, ’22.

This program surpassed all expectations. As the society’s initial program it was of a high standard and showed that the mem­ bers participating had made conscientious preparations. This year we did not find that several programs had to be rendered by both societies, before either society reached the standard, but interest in the work seemed to be manifested in the first appearances, This we noticed in V. Winter’s program, a proof that the society is sure to establish a good record. Professor Probst was appointed critic for the evening.

The introductory address by President Meier was of a model character. The speaker showed what motives should induce us to —-258—

literary work and voiced the proper sentiment that the students should follow. A very timely topic was Rossin’s, The History of Christmas. He traced back the origin of our various Yuletide customs. W. Kleinke spoke well and showed what Duerer did for Lutheranism. When Horlamus began to speak we were taken into the old Roman world and heard about their judicial proceedings, as we learn about them in Cicero’s speeches against Catiline. In general the poems were declaimed properly, and taking into con­ sideration that many speakers made their first appearance they de­ serve ample credit. Those who were pessimistic in regard to this year's orchestra surely changed their views, Jfor 'the selections played were well rendered. What amused the audience most, how­ ever, was the vocal selections. The humorous atmosphere which prevailed in them lightened the heavier literary work. The quar­ tet received several encores.

Complying with custom, the smoking-room society held its an­ nual Christmas program on December 20. The arrangements were in the hands of a committee that endeavored to provide an enter­ tainment which would be in accordance with the true Christmas spirit and would especially be appreciated by those students who had to spend their vacation away from home. The proper atmos­ phere was created by the artistic decorations of the room with crepe paper and bells, and a trimmed tree aided to produce a homelike feeling. Several speeches were delivered, which, were very proper and fitting for the occasion. The main feature, however, was a play in which an atheist is converted by a minister and on Christmas morning brings happiness into his home by joining in the celebra­ tion of the Christ Child’s birthday. For nothing brings such happi­ ness as the true Christian spirit in the home. Appropriate music was furnished by piano solos, by the college octet, and by selections on the phonograph. The program ended with a song by tlie society.

At a meeting held in Milwaukee on December 15, at Downer college, by the presidents and deans of colleges in the state, Dr. J. H. Ott was elected vice president of the association of Wisconsin colleges. The other officers are: President, M. A. Brannon, presi­ dent of Beloit college; Secretary-treasurer, William Daland, presi­ dent of Milton college. The meeting of the association was pre­ sided over by Ellen C. Sabin, president of Downer college. Ad—259—

i dresses were made by President E. A. Birge, of the University of Wisconsin, and President Brannon of Beloit.

On December 6th. the collegiate department held a meeting for the purpose of electing a baseball manager and assistant manager for the 1921 season. A. Meier,，21, and V. Winter, ’22, were elected.

From Christmas to the end of the scliool-year A. Meier will replace I. Boettcher, last season’s football manager, on the athletic board.

In a similar meeting by the collegiate department on Decem­ ber 20, G. Krause,，22, and T. Redlin, ’23, were elected football man­ ager and assistant manager respectively for the ensuing year. # * * ' While on a mid-western tour the Moravian College Glee Club of Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, rendered a concert in our college audi­ torium on. December 27. Before a large audience tlie Moravian students produced a pleasing program, wliicli although of light ma­ terial was of a creditable quality. The dress suits, the perfectly memorized songs, and tlie general execution made for a polished appearance. The director, Hugh E. Kemper, managed the singers well and had them drilled so that the many voices blended har­ moniously. Both tenors and basses had a wide range, causing no weakness or defects in the execution of high or low notes. Be­ sides the glee club a vocal quartet, a brass quartet, a string trio, a guitar solo, and readings supplied a suitable variation in the pro­ gram. During an intermission in the concert the Hausvater, who accompanied the students, delivered a short address, in which he voiced the one reason of the tour, which was to create a better ac­ quaintance between, the college and its far-off friends.

We students regret that the Christmas vacation did not permit us to hear the concert, for we should have enjoyed it very much to meet the young men from Bethlehem. We hope to see them in Watertown again in the future.

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Between the football and baseball sesasons there are the sev­ eral winter months during which the students must confine them­ selves more or less to indoor sports and exercises. For these our gymnasium affords wonderful opportunities. A glimpse into thaf building anytime between four and six in the afternoon will im­ mediately convince one that rest and passiveness do not reign in that place. We see boys running about the track, while some are exercising their lower limbs at jumping; some are swinging on the traveling rings, others on the parallel bars, many students are developing tlieir muscles on the numerous other physical appara­ tus that are open to their use. Half of the floor is devoted to gym­ nastics.

As far as sports are concerned, however, all attention is at present centered on basketball. Although our college does not car­ ry on intercollegiate basketball, the students show very much in­ terest in the interclass championship games, for which the athletic board has drawn up a schedule. We are all looking forward to a close and most exciting series of contests. Practice games proved that the four teams representing the four collegiate classes are evenly matched, and it is utterly impossible now to fortell the out­ come, although opinion slightly favors the Seniors.

The Seniors with Meier captain are stronger than ever. With Hillmer and himself at guard, the rangy Mr. Bolle at center, and Bierwagen, Uetzmann and Cares at forward, Captain Meier has a —261—

combination that must be feared by all the other teams. The，21 class won 1000% as Sophomores and lost but one game in tlieir Junior year.

The Juniors lost a good man when Yoecks discontinued his studies here last year, but Brandt a sturdy former ’21 player and captain can be largely relied upon to take his place. Gentz, an old timer, is also back in tlie game as forward. The class elected Voigt captain, who will play his old position, forward. Knoll and Al­ brecht will hold down the guard, position, unless Kuckhahn and Groth prove their superiors.

The Sophomores, although minus several of last year’s players, are backed by wonderful material from other schools. Siffring and Engel, guards, Lehmann, center, and Redlin and Captain Henning, forwards, should form one of the strongest defensive quints on the floor. Much can be expected from this squad.

The Freshmen enter the collegiate games full of hopes. They last year won prep championship witli an easy 1000% and ought to give the higher classes a good showing. Captain Kleinke and Schoenoff play the forward positions. Kalfahs, a new man from Neenah High School, will act as center, while Grunwald and Theurer, another player from a high school, will hold the guard positions. Teut, Krueger, and Gamm are in readiness to assist in case of emergency.

A good college paper is an appreciable asset to an institution, for through this organ the customs, the mode of teaching, etc., are brought to other schools and colleges throughout the country. We greatly enjoy reading journals and papers from schools of which we otherwise hear very little. Prom the “News” and “College Notes^ we get a pretty good picture of life at the institutions from which they come; from the “Literary“ and “Editorial” sections we are enabled to draw our conclusions as to the scholarship, dili­ gence, and interest prevailing there; and thus we are able to refashion our customs and habits and are prompted to advance our —262—

I卿迦金 scholarship, by adopting profitable customs and practices of other schools and by striving to attain and surpass their scholarship.

During the past year we have received some twelve papers regularly and wish to express our appreciation here. They are: College Chips, Augsburg Echo, M. H. Aerolith, Manitou Messenger, Augustana Observer, Newberry Stylus, Spectator, D. M. L. C. Mes­ senger, Tuskegee Student, Wartburg Quarterly, Gustavian Weekly, and the Goshen College Record. Two papers which have not made their appearance during the last two or three months and which we sincerely miss are the “Alma Mater” Concordia College, St. Louis, Mo” and the “Hemnica,” Red Wing Seminary, Red Wing, Minn. The editor of this column would be grateful to the editorial staffs of these two publications, if they would send a copy of their paper each month, in exchange. Two new papers, both of - merit, which we find on our exchange-table are the “Luther Echo” and the “Augustana Mirror.” On the latter we shall here endeavor to give a few words of friendly criticism.

Although this journal is yet in its infancy, it betokens inter, est, diligence, and labor on the part of the staff and likewise on the part of the students of the institution from which it hails. The literary department, although not very extensive is fairly good.

The first of the two short stories, “Tlie Christmas Spirit,” has a rather commonplace plot. A rich young woman disgusted with the bother the Christmas holidays bring with them, finds a poor little urchin crying in the street, as she is leaving a crowded de­ partment store. She learns the child has lost a hard-earned nickel for which he was about to buy his sick mother a present. Without second thought she takes the child into the store and buys a present for his mother. She has the mother taken to a hospital, takes the wretched little boy and his sister into her own home.

Chrismas day the sick mother is again able to spend with her chil­ dren. Now the young woman is happy because she knows the spirit of Christmas. The plot is quite well carried out; the Eng­ lish is good, but the absence of color and of motion, too, to some extent is readily noticeable. Where the author has the young woman find the lad, she might have contrasted him, standing there in rags, unnoticed, to the bustling, warmly dressed shoppers pass­ ing by him constantly. A few such touches would probably have made the story with its short, dull sentences somewhat more vivid.

Then, the real spirit of Christmas, the spirit we feel when we think of the Child in the Manger, Christ, the Savior, in whose honor we —263—

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celebrate Christmas, does not show itself. The second story, “A Right Merry Christmas,” depicts an old fashioned Christmas spent at Grandfather’s on the farm with the entire relationship. The turkey, the apples, nuts, and candy, the children coasting with their new sleds, others skating, all bring back pictures and memories to our minds, but is there not one thing that we miss? Do we not miss the singing of the old Christmas hymns and the telling of the Christmas story? Surely this ONLY makes a joyful Christmas complete! The style the story is written in is not at all bad.

These two stories constitute the entire literary department.

We suggest that this department contain an article or two on some timely or historical topic. We would also enjoy a poem by one of the students every now and then. We also believe that a cut or at least a heading for the literary department would be al­ together in place.

The next department was very likely meant to be the editorial, but as it is not headed, it is hard to tell. The first two paragraphs contain some good advice to students leaving for home for the holi­ days. Show yourselves as you are—Christians! Help your par­ ents, who are sacrificing much, very often, in order to send you to school! The other material gives in detail the installation of the President of Augustana College. This would be very proper ma­ terial for a column headed “College Notes” or the like. We pro­ pose that you give the editorial section some heading also. Topics of the day also serve as good editorial topics.

“Locals” contains both news articles and witticisms. We do not like this combination, found very seldom in college papers.

Occasionally a weighty news item finds itself neighbor to a flighty piece of humor. Would it not possibly be better to devote a sep­ arate column to “;jokes” or humor?

“Exchanges” could go somewhat more into detail. “Alumni” is well represented.

Between “Alumni” and “Athletics” we find an editorial, “Celebrating Christmas,” and a poem, “Cliristmas.” Why were these two articles given such a peculiar position? We believe it would have been more appropriate to place tlie former in the editorial division, the latter in the literary.

The' style of the “Athletics” editor could be more vigorous.

The “Mirror” is improving more and more, however, in every issue. May it continue until it reach its goal. Don’t forget to call again next month!

一After a merry Christmas recess, with smiling faces and good humor we are again opening our books to resume our work.

—Albert Wenzel of Marshfield, talked over the times of years gone by with his former roommate Gus. Krause while they enjoyed a delicious repast at Otto Scliott’s. Wurstie stayed with us until Dec. 2.

—G. Rohda again resumed liis studies on Nov. 30, after an ab­ sence of about two years spent at work. Demy decided to look for a higher future while he was scooping the clay out of street trenches.

—The “Early Rising Club” was organized in room 16 when cold weather made its first calls in early December. It was hard to de­ termine who should be the presiding officer, as all, with the ex­ ception of Long Jawn had fairly equal merits, therefore the mmates of the room were made the executive committee. Anyone is a fullfledged member after having undergone a satisfactory initi­ ation and signed the only article of the constitution, this is: Sleep, rise no more before nine a. m.

R. Koerner, prep., undertook to go to Jefferson all alone on Sunday, Dec. 4. The distance seemed quite long to him, as he claims lie was rather lonesome. The next time he went, Dec. 14, he found company, which semed to relieve the monotony some­ what. Ask Bud! ―Fred Siffring spent Dec. 1-5 with his brother Kate, ’23, on a return trip from Rochester, N. Y. —265—

—R .Pautz of Fond du Lac visited with, former friends and classmates» here on Dec. 4. ―F. Karsten, prep., joined the sportsmen for a day at Columbus.

On Dec. 8, he accompanied his uncle on a hunting hike; their ef­ forts netted them six rabbits.

—George Proehlich, com.，20, brought his happy smile with him while paying a social call here on Dec. 11.

—There must have been an. inticing charm in Oconomowoc on Dec. 11-12. Our whole Cooney representation besides Jumbo and Schnitzels were victims of the attraction.

—Mrs. P. C. Uetzmann made occasional calls here to see her sons while spending the week Dec. 10-17, with relatives in town.

—Mutt Reimann made several limiting trips to Okauchee Lake in the week before vacation. He and Sweeny Feisst “peppered” quite a number of squirrels and rabbits.

—Christmas recess began on Dec. 15, for Bill Zinke, prep, He had been sick for some time before this with tonsilitis and after part recovery left for Cedarburg to recuperate completely. ―Most of our number were fortunate enough to spend the holi­ days at their homes, but some who were handicapped by the short time for the distance to their abodes had to be contented with amusing themselves at Northwestern. Among them are Boozie, Jumbo, V. and R. A. Winter, Knispel and Kuske.

—Spuds Degner wishes to make the formal announcement that he never missed a Sunday dinner at his home in Ixonia from Sept. 1, till the end of 1920. He shared the fragments with his roommates the next day. 一When the whistle blew in the Y. M. C. A. Gym at Appleton on the evening of Dec. 21, it found two trim basketball teams facing each other. St. Paul’s church team had asked the Ideals of North­ Our western for a game on the first evening of their vacation, representatives were mostly Sophomores. Engel and Siffring filled the guard positions, Redlin and Henning starred as forwards, while Tay Uetzmann tipped the ball. Never before, says a local specta­ tor, was there a game played so full of fun and excitement. The St. Paul team fought hard, but could not manage to intercept the ball at the critical moments, so that the outcome was pretty much in favor of our team, with a final score of 39-13 in our favor. The Pondy Midgets and The All Five teams, consisting of mostly North­ western boys, played games with, the City Independent team of Oak—266—

field and Weyauwega High School respectively.

Unfortunately both teams went down in defeat.

Fred Karsten, prep., journeyed to his home on Jan. 4, where he will be confined until fully recovered from illness. A day later A. Zarbock went home for the same reason. ―An attack of scarlet fever brought A. Nieman to the sickroom on Jan. 6. We all wish him a very speedy recovery.

OI0-IE& Nnte. 一After enjoying a two week’s vacation at their homes the girls again assembled in the Girls’ Room on Jan. 5. We were glad to see that all, with the exception of Edna Detert, returned.

—Nov. 27, Hildegarde Schwartz discontinued her studies at North­ western. She is now attending the High School of Marshall.

—Frieda Zeisler, Paula Radloff and Louise Thurow spent Decem­ ber 11-12 at the home of Anna Wegner in Oconomowoc. 一Dec. 17，Hildegarde Schwartz surprised us with a visit. She remained here till the 19th. 一Esther Hintzmann enrolled in the Sexta class on Dec. 13.

—After the Christmas recess Miss Caroline Weber enrolled as a commercial student.

—We are sorry to say that Edna Detert is at present confined at St. Joseph’s Hospital in Milwaukee, recovering from an oper­ ation performed Jan. 3. We all wish to see her in our midst again soon. 一Jan 5, Miss Leona Mueller of Indianapolis, Ind., a student at D. M. L. College in New Ulm, Minn., visited classes with Paula Radloff.

—Anna Wegner enjoyed several days of her vacation at the home of our old friend Edna Setz in Waterloo. 一Margaret Zier and Ruth Block spent the greater part of their vacation in Johnson Creek. ―Ruth Bolle visited at the home of Irene Schwartz in Marshall, Dec. 31 to Jan. 4. 一During the Christmas vacation Elsie Freitag visited with friends in St. Paul and Minneapolis, Minn., and at La Crosse, Wis. —267—

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一Student I.: Who’s bigger, Mr. Bigger or his little son?

St. II.: Why, his son of course. He’s a little Bigger.

—Pro.: What drama have we of Thomas Kyd? Monny (innocently): Well, Captain Kid.

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A problem in higher mathematics (by Bud.) —If a man can run an hour and one half in two hours, how long will it take him to get back? « * * * —New Year’s resolutions are easily made, but seldom kept. Art faithfully resolved to shake the shimmel nevermore. And his friend, Eddie K., says he will not have anything to do with people who wear those low-neck shoes (he undoubtedly meant oxfords.)

.

•.i 4

Heard at the Chateau: —“Are you Dr. Smith?”

“No, but I know where we can get some.” 一The heart of a flirt resembles a crowded street car一there*s al­ ways room for one more.

—268—

―Hubby: Goodbye, love; in case I am really prevented from coming home I will send you a telegram.

Wife: You need not trouble to send it; I have already taken it out of your pocket.

Speaking Universally.

-—Since his return from France he was very fond of airing his slight knowledge of French. On leaving his friend one evening he said: “Au revoir!”

“What do you mean?” asked his friend.

“I mean good-bye; ‘au revoir* is good-bye in the French lan­ guage/* said the would-be linguist. **Oh, I see,” retorted his friend; “Well, carbolic acid to you.”

“What on earth do you mean by that?”

“Carbolic acid means good-bye in any language,” was the reply.

Well! !

—Do you know that some people look good in baldhair?

—An elderly lady sends her nephew a present.

My dear Nephew—I am sending you some of your favorite cher­ ries, preserved in brandy so that they may keep. I hope you and your friends will enjoy them— — Your affectionate Aunt.

The Reply.— My dear Aunt—A thousand thanks for your kind gift. I appre­ ciate the cherries immensely, not so much for themselves, as for the spirit in which they are sent.

—Sx. Your affectionate Nephew. 一Wanted: A man to make faces in a watch factory.

Quintaner’s Logic.

—Bl.: Is ‘very poor* higher than poor?

Prof.: Why no!

Neh.: *Very good’ is a higher mark than ‘good，，isn’t it.

Then ‘very poor’ is also a higher mark than ‘poor.’

—Agent (to an old woman): Here is a chance for you to get the Gospel for $2.85.

Woman (turning to her husband): Johann, Johann! dieser Mann sagt du hasst de (Gas Bill no nit betollt!

—269—

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一Prof.: Welches Wort haben wir im Deutschen, das noch. mit spoudaios zusammenMngt?

Student: Spuds. 一Oscar: What is a sylvan historian?

Adolf: Why, a wooden one.

Philosophisch ! ―Kuckhahn: Ja, ich glaube, der Humor wird bei uns noch ganz und gar aussterben..

—Art: Did you sing an English song or a German?

Mainyard: I don’t know, but I do remember that the notes were English.

•# # # # —Frailty, thy name is china-ware.

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—270^

A Big Cut in Men’s and Young Men’s

SUITS AND OVERCOATS Before the Spring Season Opens Up.

SUITS $30.00 45 00 50.00 60.00 75.00

now $ 19.00 rsow 28.50 now 32.50 now 39.00 now 49.00

OVERCOATS $30.00 45.00 50.00

now $19.00 now 28.50 now 32.00

60.00

now 39.00

75.00

now 49.00

Also Big Reductions on ail Men’s Furnishings.

Our stock must be reduced and low prices will do it.

Wegesnann-Fsber-Kaercher CoPhone 596-2R

Watertown, Wis.

Chiropractors, by correctly ad­ justing the spine ,are very successfully removing the cause of stomach troubles, bowel, kidney and liver troubles, rheu­ matism, troubles of head, throat or lungs and other organs.

Acute and chronic cases yield readily to Chiropractic.

Many people say, and it appears to be commonly thought: “I can*t see how you can cure the stomach or the head by adjust­ ing flie spine." Such statements are made because people in gen­ eral do not understand the relation of the spine, the spinal cord and the nerves to all the functions of the human body, and to life

itself.

A. W. BREITHAUPT DOCTOR or

CHIROPRACTIC X-RAY LABORATORY !>： V,"

103 Main Street

WATERTOWN, WIS.

Entertainment^1st, 8 P. M. “JIMMIE’S PRAYER” A real story, full of heart appeal and A COLLEGE JUBILEE in moving pictures, presented by National Picture Academy.

ADMISSION 25 CENTS Under the Auspices of Trinity English Lutheran Sunday School.

Patronize Our Advertisers WATERTOWNsS

GREATEST BARGAIN STORE GEORGE C. HOLTZ & CO., Prop.

MAX WEGEMANN, Manager

Dry Goods, Ladies，and Gents’ Furnishings， Shoes, Rubbers and Notions.

New Brown up-to-date English and Blucher Shoes from

m to $7.95

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;F. K KOSANKE，M. IX 115 MAIN STREET \ HOURS:— U-12 A. M

.i

Office Telephone 210-J

2-4 and 7-8 P. M.

Res, Telephone 481-J

“THE ENCORE Recreation Parlors

Billiard and Pool Hall Cigars, Cigarettes, Tobaccos, Refreshments

Lunch Counter in Connection OPEN UNTIL AFTER MIDNIGHT

NICK PAPPAS & CO. 216 Main Street

Telephone 85 PURE SUGAR

HOME MADE

Candies ICE CREAM and SODAS lllolW PUBLIC UB

w

E d❹ Mep魏iriii这 and do it right at the Lowest Price.

MEYER，S SHOE STORE GRANT 9S Kohls & Knaak

High Grade Gsnises Brick Ice Cream Fruits, Cigars and Cigarettes 407搠AB抝 ST. GET YOUR

FISHING TACKLE at Winkenwerder’s Hardware Store

Furniture and Undertaking..

607.613 MAIN STREET Phone Call 1 50-W Residence Phone 105-J

Insurance That Insures

207 MAIN STREET

Watertown Creamery Co.

Siegler & Koethe Insurance Agency

C_(l&Past_dWC_

Farmers & Citizens Bank Bldg.

Watertown,

Phone 481-J

Wisconsin 105 Main Street

The Princess Confectionery GEORGE SPYROS, Proprietor

Ice Cream, bandies and WATERTOWN, WIS.

Watertown Shoe Shine Parlor Old Hats EVBade New We Clean, Re-Block and Re-Shape Felt and Panama Hats.

We also carry a big line of

Cigars, Cigarettes and Candies 410 Main St. TOM MAKAS

THE WHOLE FAMILY Nothing will find enjoyment in one of our fine instruments. can give such real pleasure as music in the home.

WE HAVE A BEAUTIFUL LINE OF

Pianos, Player-Pianos and Phonographs ；!；

Player-Rolls and Phonograph Records

Right Prices

_

Payments tulbransen Trade Mavlz.

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Easy

Jas. D. Casey Company 119-121 Water Street (Established 1870)

E•丄 HOERMANN

DEHT1ST COR. FIRST and MAIN STREETS

X-RAY Telephone No. 258

FIRST-CLASS WORK AT

$itn Block 4Xbe Barber” 115 Third Street

R. C. Budewitz, Prop.

406 MAIN STREET

Watertown, VVis.

Telephone Connection

We keep you looking neat

is our before it i. __ 」aim to 1921 D UR1NG at all times handle merchandise of un­ as

questionable quality and to render a complete­ ly satisfactory service at all times. Should you at any time receive any merchandise that does not come up to our standard we should appre­ ciate very much to know of it.

BENTZMS Retailer of Quality Foods

Phone 214

QHK. HEISMAWW

DRUGS = SODAS The Best Drug Store is the Student’s Headquarters

“THE PAiHT MAN”

Courtesy, Service and Reliability Our Motto.

PAINTER

-J：；. and-------DECORATOR

!

HUTH& BANDELIN 204 MAIN ST.

CORRECT

Phone 609-J

Watertown

Picture Framing

KODAKS AND SUPPLIES

108 THIRD STREET

Cigars

For PICTURES of QUALITY

The Denninger Studio

Ip; Frank F. S chlueter DENTIST 215 MAIN STREET Office Phone 156-W 512.J R««.

Watertown, Wis

IF irS HARDWARE WE HAVE IT

Dr. R. V. Harte DENTIST

Nufff Said

X-RAY

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\A/mGPfitzkff Co. f 1，HARDWARE THAT S ON THE SQUARE

307 Main St

Phone 600-W

Central Block

300 Main Street WATERTOWN,

WISCONSIN

Watertown, Wis

Basketball

EVERYTHING in POCKET CUTLERY and RAZORS.

AND ALL KINDS OF

Examine our Line befor buying

Sporting Goods

D.& r. Kusel Co.

Salick9s

108-110-112 W. Main St.

Jeweler

at the Bridge

W. A. NACK FRESH AND SALT MEATS FISH and POULTRY IN SEASON Pbone 19-W

Cbe Store of Quality \ WM, GEHRKE \ DRUGGIST u 315 Main Street.

Watertown, Wis u

No. 621 Main St. WHILE YOU

Shoes Repaired WAIT A. SOHRWEIDE 218 West Main Street.

Watertown’s Exclusive

CROCKERY

STORt

AUG. GAMM CROCKERY GO. 400 Main Stre^

Drs. A. & M. Schlueter

DENTISTS :

Waterto^vii, Wis.

313 Main Street

F. J. KOSER BAKER THE PLAGE WHERE THEY MAKE GOLDEN CRUST BREAD 111 Second Street

THE BLACK an_ CIGAR NOW LEADS，EM ALL A THE OLD LaFLORA 10 Cents

Telephone 502-W

STUDENTS!

SCHLUETER BROS. 105

Street

Smoke A，

Wilkowski Bros

deposit your funds with this bank and make all payments by check.

No matter how small••• your account will re­ ceive careful attention.

High Life Cigar A. WIGGENHORN 8c SON

JEWELERS

is

Bank of Watertown “The Oldest Bank in Watertown1

For Quality and Service co TO UNION

SHOEShop REP腿 10% Discount for Students 417 Main Street

E. H. COOK, M. D. Practice limited

EYE, EAR, NOSE AND THROAT

George Zoelles’

Barber Shop Right Across from the Postoffice “THE JUNIATA” WM. SCHIMMEL & SON Carry a (uQ line of CIGARS, TOBACCO AND FIPES WE SOIICIT YOUR PATRONAGE

120 WEST MAIN STREET

SPECTACLES AND EYE GLASSES SCIENTIFICALLY FITTED Office, Hcrtcl & Hoffman BUg.

HIGH GRADE

BUILDING MATERIAL including Kellastone

Barker Lumber and Fuel Go.

Meyer’s Gallery 114 Third St. A STUDIO THAT ALWAYS PLEASES

•

A TRIAL WILL CONVINCE YOU THAT OUR STYLES ARE ALWAYS UP TO THE MINUTE.

Ed. Warner EAST END BARBER SHOP. 602 Main St.

Watertown, Wis.

W. D. SPROESSER GO. JEWELERS Pianos and Victor Victrolas ，P_G No. 259-J 111 Main St.

OWEN，S DRUG STORE 412 MAIN STREET NEAR CORNER OF FIFTH

Complete Line of Kodak Supplies Bring in your films for de­ veloping and printing.

24 hour service.

INSTRUCTOR

¥4te (®rgatt ftRst0f ^xalin nxxb garmting

Mdto X09班ain 0t.抑irb 3FIaot HOFFMANN BUILDING

CHAS- MOY Laundry North Fourth Street Glaus<Jsiegor Press

Main A. KALBEBE 616 Street FAMILY SHOE STORE

White Palace Barber Shop

Watertown’s Leading Furniture S - T ■ O _ R _ E

First-Class Work

Bert C. Froemming 408 Main St

Watertown, Wis

p!xt!am tk Dealer in

RELIABLE FURNITURE UNDERTAKER AND LICENSED EMBALMER Privat* Chapel Up-to«Date Equipment 313 MAIN STREET JKm•丨•多.系》*，^fststsst

Phone 64

Res.1 Phone 51-W

Royal Rest Easy Chair

戀

r

F- G. KECK & CO. 110-112 Main Street.

You will find a complete line of FRUITS of all kinds in season at

John £• Heismann CASH GROCER TELEPHONE o US MAIN STREET

LOWER PRICES increase the val­ ues in our display

of

Kuppenheimer Good Clothes Because we have mark­ ed our clothes on a basis of the Spring 1921 low­ er price levels, you now get the benefit of future reductions.

The new prices en­ able you to buy Kuppenheimer good Clothes at substantial savings, No better clothes can be found elsewhere at any prices.

Kuppenheimer Suits and Overcoats for Men and Young Men at

BIG REDUCTIONS other leading makes Clere Clothes" and "Stadium1

Everything Reduced

Hayes & Christensen BILLIARD and POOL ROOM Lunch Counter in Connection Chewing Gum, Cigarettes and Tobacco

Julius Bayer Wholesale, and Retail Dealer in

MEATS and SAUSAGES Watertown,

OF ALL KINDS: Phone 25

mim ELECTRIC SHOP 116 N. THIRD ST. PHONE 59-W

Wisconsin

We Recommend

‘‘BOSTONIAN，， SHOES FOR MEN.

BUYat (today's) SPOHN’S SHOES Reduced Prices

v Style and Quali^. Leo Reusch & Son 215 Main Street

210 West Main Street.

Buerger’s Meat Market The Home of 0⑽d Sausage Watertown, Wi*.

112 Second Street

JOHN G. KNISPEL

If it’s Fire, Plate Class,

DEALER IN

Automobiles, Burglarly or Live-Stock Insurance See

Wholesale and Retail

ICE

Moldenhauer

Phone Connection WATERTOWN, ROBERT DOERR

WIS.

416 Main Street

Watertown, Wi；

FELIX LESCH1NGER

Doerr & Lescinger PLUMBERS Gasfitting and Sewerage 107 Fifth Street

Watertown, Wisconsin

(1

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HENEVER we take up our pen to write, it is hard to refrain from repeating the same thing we have often told you—that:

If ever you buy anything here that is not entirely satisfactory in every respect, we will buy it back from you at full price with an added premium as our sincere thanks for returning it.

CHAS. FISCHER & SONS CO., United Mercantile Store

耘

I

I Wm. Gorder Co. I COAL, WOOD, COKE, SEWER PIPE

3

AND

BUILDING MATERIAL

3.

3 3 3

Main Street

— ^

Telephone 33-1R

3

胃MiMMUittUUUaUUilUU丨祕〗臟 iUllUiUlUiUiUUiUiiUui

Ice Cream Caody Soda Box Casidies Hot Drinks

Candy Kitchen 13E!M

One of the most important ingredients of candy is sugar and the best candies contain the best sugar. Purity is the one requisite in candy making and must be observed by anyone who mixes these delicacies.

Come in and see our display of bulk and box candies, A pleasing appreciative Valentine would be a box of candy. Remember this sugge stion before February 14th. We shall have an appropriate line of candy for this occasion.

Come to

WmB PAPPAS ^ce

201 Marn St.

Phone 294=J

Watertown

STAR

f

Lunch Restaurant 604 MAIN STREET

GOOD MEALS and LIGHT LUNCHES AT REASONABLE PRICES.

Cigars，Cigarettes and Tobacco.

Wm. Schubert, Prop.

What is a Fair Price Now For Good Clothes?

There are

for various clothing sales that most men aren’t exactly sure what a fair price should be.

We say it should be based on present replace­ ment prices re­ gardless of what we paid.

The lowest prices in town for qual­ ity clothes

Hart Schaffner & Marx Suits and Overcoats

Copyright 1920 Hare Schaffner & Marx\

Our entire stock of men’s & young men’s wearing ap­ parel has been priced to meet pre­ sent market values Considering the quality, our prices are the lowest in town.

Hoffmann Kelly Co. YOUR

CLOTHING

STORE

wgaaafgimfisrafiffiirararaiBjamraigragnagagmigiMiBmrafiirafifitftt

A SAVING PLAN FOR EVERY MAN ..• AT THE ...

Merchants latbsiai iaBik WATERTOWN, WIS.

N. Fourth St. Sts Sunnyside Barber $liopan0dr.I Mandison

Tlie PAUL H. BEHLKE Kodaks NYAL The Corner Druggist and

W. E. Volkmann，First-Class Barber Haircuts 25c Shave 15c

Store Watertown, Wis.

EXCEPT SATURDAYS HAIRCUTS 35c

High Grade Candies, Cigars and Cigarettes.

Suppliec

F. EURZWEG DEALER IN

FINE BOOTS, SHOES AND RUBBERS. Please Give Us a Trial We Try to Give Satisfaction

BITTNER &TETZLAFF

402 Main St.

Brings

iistciil@r'§ Grocery CARRY A FULL LINE OF

STAPLE AND FANCY GROCERIES Phone 75-W

%

413 Western Avo

College Athleiic Supply Co. FINE

I

Base Ball,

Basket BaIIs Foot Ball, Tennis Supplies

Catalog on request

Milwaukee, Wis.

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,

The Black i and Red I VOLUME XXIV NO. 9

FEBRUARY 1921

.-1

Northwestern College Watertown, Wisconsin

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THE BLACK AND RED

VOLUMB XXIV.

Watertown, Wis., February 1921.

Number 9

MAURICE DE FONTENELLE. Venus Winter, ’22.

It was a day in November of the year 1682. The narrow streets of the village of Bienville on the western coast of France, which were usually crowded with throngs of noisy French peasants, wen on this day quiet and empty. Not even was a wine-vendor to b seen standing in his doorway. All the people seemed to have sue pended their business or their idleness, and had flocked out of thi town to one place, to the seashore.

Here on the quay lay a ship ready to sail. And on the wharf were gathered hundreds of people who had all come there to bid a final farewell to the seventy-four young men of Bienville, who had volunteered to cross the ocean and to venture into the unknown wilds and dangers of New France. It was now high noon, the ap­ pointed time for embarking. And with sadness and sorrow the men parted one by one from their beloved ones and ascended the gangplank.— —Yet, why- was the crew still waiting? Seventy-three men were already on board the ship, but where was the seventyfourth? He was not at hand.

At a distance of many yards from the concourse stood three —271—

persons in mutual embrace. One of them was Maurice de Pontenelle, a youth of nineteen, whose sole ambition was to fight In­ dians and thus to avenge the death of his poor father, who had left for the New World just nine years ago that day, where he was killed on a fur-trading expedition, as it was said, by some hostile Iroquois. This day his ambition was realized; at last he received an opportunity to sail across the main.

The second person in the group was Maurice’s poor mother.

She now threw both arms about her dear and only son’s neck and flooded his face with her tears. She had grieved much, because her husband never returned. Now she was hazarding her only son to the very same fate. Mrs. Pontenelle would never have per­ mitted Maurice to leave had it not been almost a necessity. Since she was living in the very depth of poverty something must needs be done for her livelihood, and she trusted her son, now a man of unusual strength, would accumulate a reasonable fortune in the Indian fur-trade, which had already sent more than one man back to Prance rich and opulent.

“They are already calling for you, Maurice,” interrupted the third member of the group, a blooming girl, the boy’s only sister.

The earnings of this lonely maiden were to support her dear mother during Maurice’s absence; and prospects for life and sustenance while he was gone were very dreary indeed, since' wages at that time amounted to almost nothing.

A second call for Maurice de Fontenelle was heard. Mrs. Fontenelle quickly uttered a short prayer, and after many loving kisses lie parted, probably forever, from the only two persons in the world that really loved him. Never before was the young man’s heart so heavy at the thought of leaving home and France, as it was when he boarded that vessel. Yet it was now too late to turn back; the anchor was lifted, the sails were drawn, and with cheers both on board the ship and on the shore the ship sailed out of the har­ bor into the wide Atlantic.

In three months Maurice had procured employment with a fur­ trading company, and with two companions, who had long been In the fur industry, was trudging through the deep snows of On­ tario’s forests. They were pursuing their way to the Northwest, whither they were sent to find suitable places for new trading sta­ tions and to seek out streams rich with fur-bearing animals for trapping.

When they had come into the Nipising lake region, they found •—272—

traveling very difficult on account of the deep snow, Fort Macdumesne had been set as a goal for the clay’s journey, but the short winter day was already drawing to a close, darkness had fallen, and still no fort in sight. Tired and fatigued the men were about to despair, two of them collapsed in the snow and could go no fur­ ther. Maurice, although unaccustomed to such labor, had alone not submitted to exhaustion. At a loss wliat to do he began to look around for a better place of shelter, when, to his great joy, he beheld through the woods not more tiian a hundred yards away from him, a glimmer. Toward this he hastened with all his might.

However, he found it was not at all Fort Macdumesne but merely a petty trading post. Nevertheless it afforded quarters for the trav­ elers, the men sunken in the snow were carried into the log-hut, and the three slept comfortably together with the men there through the night.

In the morning Maurice awoke long before dawn. Worried about this misfortune and anxious to gain the right trail, he could sleep no more; he was about to rise and wake his companions, when he heard some one at the door of the cabin. He saw the door slowly open, and beheld the form of an Indian servant-girl enter the liut. The maiden’s name was Wapominta. She quietly walked across the room to the hearth and began to replenish the fire which had died down during the night. Now the fire suddenly blazed up and shone full into Iier face. Maurice had never in all his life felt affection for any woman save for his mother and only sister, but when he beheld this poor slave’s countenance a sudden passion mixed with pity rushed through his body, for she was of such beauty, although she was rudely and poorly clad, as he had never gazed upon before. Seeing that every one was still asleep (for even Maurice pretended to be so), the girl lightly left the cabin.

It seemed all hatred against the Indian had left him at once.

He sprang to his feet, rushed to the door and followed the poor girl’s steps to another still smaller log-hut which stood nearby in woods. There he found Wapominta sitting all alone and weep­ ing. He now could hold liis tongue no longer; his sympathy compelled him to speak to her. “Why are you weeping so piteously, and how did you get into these 'voods?” Wapominta, who had at first crouched terrified into a corner, quickly came forward and stoo$ before him. It was over two years ago since she had heard so kind and friendly a word, “How did you come into this miserable place?’’ asked Maurice again.

—273—

At this Wapominta trusted him entirely, and speaking in good French, she told her sad story. “I am a poor, forsaken Indian girl.

My father was killed in a fight, my mother is also dead, so 1 was told. Together with an Indian boy I was adopted and reared by a kind white woman in Quebec. She taught me reading, writing and religion, all of which I shall never forget. The older I grew the better I loved ‘my mother/ as she wished to be called. It was a paradise, both for me and my ‘brother,，White Bear. But our hap­ piness did not remain such. My ‘brother’ followed a call to the West. He sailed up the River of Islands with fur-traders for Ft. Frontenac and I never saw him or heard of him again. I do not know what became of him, but you cannot conceive how yearningly we waited for him—in vain. I was already preparing to follow him up the St. Lawrence, when, to my greatest grief, my ‘mother’ took sick and died; and I was left alone in the wide, wide world.

What should I do? My only hope lay in Fort Frontenac, with my •brother.* But I had to remain in Quebec alone, for I had no funds to travel, until one day a group of fur-traders came to me and per­ suaded me to go with, them to Port Frontenac, where, they said, I should surely find White Bear. But my eyes never beheld Fort Frontenac. For no sooner had we glided by the Island of Montreal, when they, instead of continuing up the St. Lawrence, turned up a small creek. Then they blindfolded me and finally brought me to this place, where I have been enslaved for two long years or more.”

Although touched with pity for so miserable yet charming a creature, Maurice was at a loss what to do with her. To steal away with her now was impossible and inadvisable, since she would tire to death in the snow, and lie himself did not know whither their way was yet to lead. To meet White Bear was well-nigh out of question一and yet she must be extricated from tills horrible place. Wapominta’s eyes sparkled with hope, as she drew closer.

He really seemed to be the only person who had ever spoken a kind word to her since her guardian mother’s death. “Most unhappy maiden, I shall surely help you,” said he cheeringly, “but I cannot do so now. We must first travel to the fort. I shall come again, however, to take you with us.”

“And, should you ever in this world meet White Bear, cmy brother/ tell him of my whereabouts and my plight in this frozen wilderness. I know lie will give his last drop of blood only to rescue me.”

No sooner had she ended, than footsteps were heard before the —274—

door of the hut and a young trapper entered bidding the visitor come and eat breakfast. Maurice glanced once more at Wapominta’s wistful but very lovely eyes, probably for the last time, and then left the liut.

The men were already seated about a long wooden table and were heartily eating smoked fish and venison when he entered the rooma When he joined their company, a middle-aged trapper opened the conversation. “Your comrades tell me your, name is Fontenelle. Were you related in any way to Richard de Fontenelle, that gaunt man who was killed along the Ottawa now ten years ago, in an attempt to arrest an outlaw courreur de bois?

Maurice’s eyes at once flashed with wrath at the information, and he sprang to his feet. “Killed by a Frenchman? That was my father!”

“Yes, he was shot dead by the notorious Rousseau, who has since then, so they say, betaken himself from this region to the Southern shores of Lake Erie, where he no doubt intended to con­ tinue his unlawful trade.”

There Maurice saw his chance to avenge his father’s death.

For the time being Wapominta and her foster brother were forgot­ ten in his fury. lie must expedite his journey and return as soon as possible. His companions were persuaded to set out at once, the men of the post directed them to the right trail, and the three hurried away into the abyss of the forests.

It was a warm spring afternoon in the year 1683, that five canoes were briskly paddling against the currents of the River De­ troit. It was the same stream that the persevering Chevalier La Salle and his men had followed in the monstrous “floating fort.” the “Griffin,” just four years before. There on the left shore amid a beautiful cluster of green trees near the site of the present De­ troit, Michigan, stood a French Catholic missionary chapel. Be­ fore this the canoemen rowed to the shore and were met by a hun­ dred or more inquisitive Indians led by three Jesuit priests.

A young man of average height but of extraordinary breadth and strength, apparently the leader of the party, stepped forward from the water. “Friends and allies! We are in the services of a fur-trading company and are despatched to the Potawatamies for beaver-skins. Does anyone here know the whereabouts of the man Rousseau who left the Nipising country now ten years ago?”

The French priests in charge of the chapel would make no reply —275—

to this question, but at once invited the travelers to draw their canoes on the shore and remain there during the night. The Jesuits explained to the travelers that a strong current would yet be encountered and that darkness might overtake them in a place where in an attempt to land, their canoes would surely be swamped. The Indians also made every sign of friendship and beckoned the men to stay. But the sturdy head of the voyagers (who was no other than Maurice de Pontenelle) first demanded an answer to his in­ quiry, before he would take one step shoreward. Then the priest interpreted the matter to the red men, of whom one bravely came to tlie front and declared he remembered seeing a man bearing that name some five years ago in company with fourteen other Frenchmen sent ahead by the explorer of the wilds, La Salle. Mau­ rice knew that of those fifteen, very few ever came back to Port Prontenac, for they had practically all deserted; therefore he ab­ ruptly said to his would-be benefactors: “That is all I wanted to known. I am on his trail now, and we must proceed up the river without delay.” He saluted farewell to the Jesuits and their star­ ing savages, quickly entered his canoe, and the men bore on up the stream.

They crossed Lake St. Clair and entered the River of the same name. Wonderful was the scenery in this part of the world. Beau-. tiful verdant prairies adorned with groves of walnuts, chestnuts and oaks crowned with grapevines were to be seen all along the stream, and the lofty forests in the distance presented a very beautiful back­ ground. But Maurice cared not a whit for the beauties of nature now; his sole thought was murder; not once did the promise he had given to the wretched girl in tlie snowy northern wilderness enter his mind.

After two weeks of toilsome and dangerous rowing through the surges of Lake Huron the canoes found themselves floating in tran­ quil water between a hundred pretty islands and entering a cove.

Before them on the mainland there was a large Jesuit chapel en­ closed by palisades, on their left a village of Huron wigwams, and on their right a village inhabited solely by French fur-traders. They had arrived at St. Ignace of Michillimackinac.

Here they were again met by a band of Indians with their priests, but the redskins here acted very inimically towards" them.

Yet they laid no hands on the fur-traders. When Maurice put to them his question, everyone at once liad an answer. Rousseau, they said, had left but seven days ago for the chief of the Potawatamies —276—

for hides and furs. “I am still on his trail,” Maurice burst out for joy.“Only seven days—I shall surely overtake him, at any rate we shall meet him with the Potawatamies.

The canoes remained there during the night, took provisions, and set out the following morning into the blue waters of Lake Michigan. The journey to the Green Bay was no pleasure. Al­ most ceaseless storms ruffled the lake and Maurice’s toiling paddlers spent from the day’s labor could not but thank God every evening for preserving their lives on those dangerous waves.

A length the men passed the islands at the mouth of Green Bay, entered he bay, and soon arrived at the home of the Potawatami. Maurice at once inquired about Rousseau. Yes, they said, a Frenchman bearing that name had been there, but had departed again five days ago. This intelligence was very disappointing to our enraged fur-trader, who had put forth every effort to overtake his quarry and had gained only two days. Their business with the tribe must be transacted as quickly as possible. His men exchanged their beads and jewels, loaded tlieir canoes with beaver-skins and paddled homeward at once in hopes of still overtaking the villain­ ous enemy.

But just as Maurice had anticipated—when he returned to Michillimachinac his enemy was not to be found. He now realized that he had made one mistake in his previous visit. He had mentioned his name. And no sooner had the outlaw heard the name, Fontenelle, than he immediately knaw Maurice was no friend, as he had told the Jesuits, but his mortal enemy. Accordingly he made good his escape to the east together with other lawless coureurs de bois ( or wood-rangers, for which St. Ignac was so notorious.)

Still hoping to overtake his foe on the way back to Montreal, Maurice and his comrades continued on their way as rapidly, as they could. But his hopes were fruitless and the hurried labor was in vain. After nearly two whole months of weary traveling over the watery way the five canoes arrived safely at Fort Frontenac at the outlet of Lake Ontario. They had not seen Rousseau, they had not even found another track of him since their departure from Michillimackinac.

They were now in friendly territories out of all danger of hos­ tile Indians and furious waves. As Maurice’s companions stepped from their canoes, they fell to their knees and gave full vent to t|ieir thankfulness to their Lord, who had protected them at all times in so death-defying an expedition. But their leader stood on —277—

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the wharf with a stone heart pronouncing curses on the villain that escaped his own murderous hands.

During tlie night while Maurice lay asleep in a tavern of Port Frontenac, a strange vision came over him. There appeared befor him in all the radiance of the morning sunshine, Wapominta.

She was coming along a pretty green lane and seemed to be very happy. “Why are you come now?” she said much surprised to meet him. “You, who were to rescue me. You vilely cast your promises to the winds and forsook me when I was the wretched slave and whilst you were placed on this earth to love, and serve your fellow-creature, you sought nothing but tlieir death. Now An­ other, whom my white mother in Quebec taught me, has delivered me from the miseries of my life. I am not unhappy any more.”

At this point Maurice awoke. He was excited and could not fall asleep again. Then he sat upright in his bed. All was dark about him. He heard his heart pounding against his ribs like a sledge-hammer. The pangs of conscience began to bother him. Oh, why had not this dream occurred to him five inontlis before, when he accepted the offer to lead the canoes up the Lakes! Then lie would surely have turned back, thought he to himself. Probably it was not too late yet, for wliat lie had seen was only a dream. Yes, he would journey to the north as soon as he could get to Montreal.

In the morning Maurice was the first to leave the tavern; lie repaired straightway to the residence of the governor, roused him from Ms slumbei- ana inquired about the fate of the redskin, White Bear, to which inquiry he received a most favorable reply. White Bear, the governor said, was a prominent Indian citizen and lived in the outskirts of that growing town. What a glad report! It was the best information Maurice had received for some time. He hurried through the streets with all possible speed, and a few mo­ ments after the interview, he stood face to face with a young stal­ wart Indian, the man for whom he should have searched six months before this tim e, and with whose assistance lie might then have saved the unfoortunate Wapominta. How great was not White Beax*s joy when he heard of his sister’s whereabouts. He had been at Quebec again and again, but had never seen or heard of her, now lie had given up all expectation of ever meeting her again.

The Indian youth, with a new ray of hope, of course, at once agreed to accompany the Frenchman to the North. He prepared his canoe and an hour later he in company with the fur-traders was gliding down the St. Lawrence.

—278—

It was a great reception that awaited the fur-traders when they arrived at Montreal with the beaver-furs. They all received great rewards. Maurice was granted an eighteen months’ leave of ab­ sence from the company’s service in order that he might visit his home in France, and was promised the command of some fort along the lakes or along the Mississippi River, then lately explored by La Salle.

But all rewards and honors meant nothing to the fur-trader now. His heart was troubled with liis own negligence. A constant presentiment told him Wapominta was no more and when the two came to the cabin in the Ontario forests, they found it vacated. Also Fort Macdumesne stood deserted. There simply was no trace to be found of her. Although they searched far and wide they were forced to return bootless, one with a deep feeling of guilt and shame, the other grieved and not to be comforted. At Montreal they parted.

The Indian left for his home in the west. The Frenchman de­ parted on a ship for his native country.

But what comfort and what reception did he find there? None whatever. A renewed persecution of the Huguenots in that part of the country had murdered or expelled all his friends and rela­ tives from Prance, and none but strangers now lived in the hamlet Maurice found his dear old cottage razed to the of Bienville. ground. Oh, what had become of his mother, his sister! There was no one who knew. His last hope on this earth had fled. And who was to blame for his own misery? No one but he with his own wretched ambition and desires. Why had he not heeded his moth­ er's pleas! She did not wish her son to cross the sea, and yet lie had insisted - until she reluctantly assented. And what had he ac­ complished in America? He had indirectly killed three of the dear­ est persons on earth; now he was punished severely, he was crushed with remorse. But the worst was yet to come for him.

It was shortly after this time when the four vessels of La Salle were to sail from Prance for the mouth of the Mississippi. We know from history what was the result of this undertaking. The little fleet missed the mouth of the rivei^. and reached the coast of Texas. When the troops attempted to reach the Mississippi on foot, some were killed in a mutiny, others met their ends by the Indian tomahawk while the Spaniards killed the rest among whom was the young man, Maurice de Fontenelle.

—279—

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THE MAN OF THE REYOLUTION. Edwin Jaster, ’21.

Suppression is the progenitor of revolt; injustice is the cause of revolution. Prom ancient eras to present centuries, people have fought and shed their blood that the precious gem of freedom be not wrested from them. Suffering under the oppression of some despot, or as colonies laboring under the strain of subjugation by a jealous mother country, they have placed their trust in one man, whom they hailed as a liberator and implicitly followed through trial and defeat, through suffering and peril until their cause was either successful or ruined. If ruined, their condition of servitude continued, often more severe than before, and their leader suffered death as a traitor. If successful they formed their own government, and their national hero and liberator generally continued his leader­ ship. But often tlie liberator from foreign oppression became a tyrant through the knowledge of his own power. His principles of justice and equality, of representation and government, centered more and more around his ego, and the people lost with the reali­ zation that for which they strove. Disappointment, bitter disap­ pointment; their hero, their great man, intoxicated by the wine of power, did what little beseems a man on whom the hopes and future of a nation depended! History so often shows this to be the re­ sult of revolution; the deliverers from oppression, became oppres­ sors. There are hundreds of instances. I shall mention but two; the French Revolution with its reign of terror, and the English re­ volt under Cromwell, who soon ruled with ail iron hand and with greater power than the king whom he overthrew.

The outcome of a successful revolution is dependent on the leader of it. It is within his power to make or ruin the new state, it is within his power to raise the infant state so that it waxes strong, or he may keep it dependent on his will and whim until lie ruin it or until another in his turn overthrows his supremacy. There­ fore it is the duty of the man of the revolution to rear the infant state until it grows strong, and by doing that he wins the praise and the admiration of all the future generations of the nation which lie has formed, not for himself, but for the welfare of the people.

His fame shall be in history, his name shall be in song, and monu­ ments shall be erected to his honor.

We, the generations of America, should thank God that He gave us the man, who, after the success of our Revolution, gently —280—

and tenderly reared the infant constitution, wisely led it over snares and pit-falls, and shielded it from treachery and deceit. During the eight years of his government, his activities centered on the welfare of the nation, with no thought of self. He freed the colo­ nies from English oppression, but his greatness lay therein, that he kept them free from oppression. When perils threatened the land and hopes were as dark as night, this hero and patriot left his mansion at Mt. Vernon and cast his lot with the colonies. Not for personal reasons, not for petty grievances, not for glory and dis­ tinction, but for THE RIGHT. He had little reason to be dissatis­ fied, he had all to lose; but he loved the colonies, and his greatness consisted therein that he continued to love the colonies. In all the perils and hardships of war, in defeat and disaster, in assailments against his character and in jealousies, he remained true to the cause and freely gave up everything that his cause and the colonies， cause should not perish. Often the object of accusation and cen， sure, often working against overwhelming odds, his sincerity often doubted by his own countrymen: he carried this injustice as the hero lie was and never once deserted the cause of the colonies.

When we consider the obstacles and hindrances in the Revolution, we wonder how he was capable of commanding the tide of English supremacy to recede. There are few men in the whole world’s his­ tory who acted so wisely and with such foresight as did our na­ tional hero, George Washington. His greatness consisted in acting so that overwhelming odds were minimized. He knew what to do at the proper moment, and his soldiers loved and revered their com­ mander-in-chief and followed him, though starved, poorly-paid, un­ equipped, poorly-clad, oftentimes barefoot.

But when success had crowned the land and the colonies we，，c free, he laid liis armour down and returned to his Mt. Vernon hom*i.

Here he was sought out by the colonists, and unwillingly accepted the first presidency of the United States of America. He under­ stood the grave and perilous situation, but he led our infant nation from obscurity to a recognized position in the world, We were acknowledged independent by England, we were hailed as a repub­ lic by France and other countries. In 1789 he took the oath of office and performed the duties of the presidency faithfully in ac­ cordance with the constitution. After his farewell address at the end of his second term, he retired to private life, modestly and quietly; but we are sure that the satisfaction he gained through the faithful performance of his duty was worth more to him than the —281—

praises of the nation. And could lie have seen his nation as it is now in reality and not only with, his foresight, would he not have thanked God that He gave him the spirit to rule wisely?

No one shall ever defame the name of Washington; we shall defend his honor through all generations. Those people who as­ sail his government and point out flaws, forget the maze of diffi­ culties through which he had to go. He was only human and sub­ ject to mistakes, but he did his best, and his best was for the bene­ fit of our nation. No man could have done better. Washington was the man of the Revolution; he freed us from oppression, he kept us free from oppression, and he made the nation which is now the most glorious on earth. To the nation he has saved, his glory shall be, to be revered and honored, to be sung, to be proclaimed through the whole United States as the deliverer and preserver of his coun­ try. Let no man defame his name, but let all our generation praise him as our greatest and noblest national hero.

XiINCOLlST,S BOYHOOD. T. C. Voges, ’21.

;

An infant born to the heritage of poverty; a boy brought up in a limited world of ignorance; a youth laboring under the heavy lot of a pioneer; a man enrolled in the uncertainties of a backwoods career―these were the beginnings of Abraham Lincoln. He grew up as the ordinary backwoods boy. As he was subjected to the drudgery of a backwoods man, so also was lie limited to their pas­ times and enjoyments.

Many people have asked how it could come to pass that Lin­ coln, growing up in such unfavorable environments, lacking in cul­ ture and education, could become *the first American/ and lay open to all the world the meaning of democracy. Lincoln had a great personal capacity, and He grew up in a democracy. Before Lin­ coln, American public men generally grew up in environments where they could distinguish between aristocrat and common people, be­ tween. rich and poor, between master and servant, between freeman and slave. But Lincoln grew up in a democracy, observed it, ap­ preciated it, and in this spirit lived and spoke according to the dic­ tates of his heart and conscience. When Lincoln grew to be a man of power, he tried his best to do away with the mental and physical ——282——

I ^Matk ^:He?L| restrictions of his boyhood environments by encouraging industry and commerce.

The primitive environment of Lincoln’s boyhood was very much in favor of economic equality. The country was newly settled by vigorous, adventurous men with little or no property to start out with. Aristocracy or servitude was unknown to these men. The want of transportation, of markets，and of cities prevented the ac­ cumulation of wealth, while free land, free fuel, free building ma­ terial, and abundance of wild game hindered poverty from becom­ ing acute. Everyone had to work for a living, and everyone could get a living by working.

Young Abraliam’s menu was not elaborate or variable. In those days potatoes, vegetables, coffee, and canned fruits were hard­ ly known and therefore rare, while venison, pork, dried apples, and cornmeal were the usual bill of fare. Wild berries, peaches, wild turkey, bear, coon, squirrel, and groundhog were available while in season. Although the meals were coarse, young Abe enjoyed them very much； because he knew of none that were better.

His clothes were as simple as his food. According to tradi­ tion, Abe when fourteen years of age, had his first pair of leather pants made from deer-hides. The shoes he wore while a boy were made at home from home-dried hides; at that, these shoes were a rare article, for Abe received only one pair a year, and they were usually given to him about Christmas. After Abe had grown up, lie was the proud possessor of another rare article: a shirt of home­ made linen, dyed with walnut bark.

Lincoln’s few school-days were spent at a “blab school,” that is, one in which the children read every lesson at the top of their voices. Nearly all the schools were of that type during Lincoln’s boyhood days.

Abe lived about three and one half miles from school. His attendance in the Indian district school was very irreg­ ular; sometimes he would be absent for several days, yes, even for two or three weeks, at a time. In spite of this, his education was well enough advanced, so that he could even ‘beat the teacher’ at his lessons. Young Abe, like all boys, was always full of fun, and liked ^trying the teacher* very much. School was somewhat of a drudgery to him. But if he did not like to go to school, he did like to read. Through reading Abe acquired an education that placed him far ahead of his schoolmates. The field from which he could select his reading material was very limited, though he diligently borrowed every book in the neighborhood. The list is a short one —283—

—Robinson Crusoe, which lie nearly knew by heart, Aesop’s Fables, Bimyan’s Pilgrim’s Progress, Weems’s Life of Washington, a His­ tory1 of the United States, the Arabian Nights, and, above all, the Bible.

Abe’s devotion to his books stands forth in more striking light from the fact that his habits differed from those of most frontier boys. Almost every youth of the backwoods became a habitual hunter and a superior marksman, as tlie Indiana woods were still swarming with game. When eight years of age, however, Abe did test his skill at shooting wild game. At that time he shot a wild turkey, brought it home, and spent all evening telling the people about it. The next morning the folks twitted him with his talking about the dead turkey in his sleep.

Abe was very firm and straight, physically and morally. As everybody knows, young Abe reached the unusual height of six feet and four inches at a very early age. By virtue of his tall stature and unusual strength of sinew and muscle, he was from the begin­ ning a leader in all athletic games. One feat especially is worth taking note of: he would stand flat on hisi feet and lean back till his head would touch the floor. At wrestling no one was able to throw him. He did not like girls* company, did not use tobacco, was not profane, and did not drink wliiskey. Abe, went to all the dances in the vicinity of his home, but did not dance. Instead, off at one side, he gathered the boys around him. told jokes and funny stories, and related what he lia.d read. For their further edification he turned handsprings and performed many other athletic “stunts.”

Many people are under the impression that Abraham Lincoln was very gloomy while a boy. But this is not true. On the con­ trary he was bright, full of life and fun, and very talkative. He was known for his good nature and for his evenness of temper.

RICHARD THE LION-HEAREB ON THE THIRD CRUSADE. Waldemar Weisgerber, ’24.

Richard the Lion-Hearted played an important part in the Third Crusade. By important, I do not mean that lie accomplished a great deal, but that lie was one of the leading, and probably the leading character of the crusade. Some of his deeds may have —284—

gained him a reputation in the military world, but most of them did not speak well of his moral-character.

When the news of the capture of Jerusalem by Saladin reached Europe, Philip Augustus of France and Henry II. of England, who were involved in a quarrel, made a truce, took the cross in 1188, and prepared to go on a crusade. But new quarrels prevented them from fulfilling their vows. When Henry II. died in July, 1189, his son, Richard, inherited the throne of England. He desired to real­ ize his knighthood in actual deeds, he thirsted for adventure and personal glory, and because these could be realized on a crusade, was very eager to undertake one. That he immediately made peace with Philip need not cause us to wonder, when we consider that while Henry was still living, Richard had allied himself with Philip and turned against his father. Furthermore, he was betrothed to Alice, Philip’s sister.

After agreeing to go on a crusade with Philip, Richard busied himself with raising money for it. He sold all the ecclesiastical and temporal offices in liis kingdom. For a certain amount of money he relieved William the Lion of Scotland from the oath of vassalage which he had been forced to give Henry II. He cruelly extorted money from the Jews, who were regarded merely as prop­ erty of the state. Before leaving England, he appointed William Longchamp regent.

On June 27,1190, Richard joined Philip at Vezelai in Burgundy.

Their combined forces numbered about 100,000 men. The kings marched together as far as Lyons, where they parted, Richard con­ tinuing the march to Marseilles, and Philip taking the route to Genoa, where he hired a fleet, with which he sailed to Messina, Sicily. At this port Richard arrived on September 23 and found the French army and his won fleet awaiting him.

The state of affairs in Sicily were in a muddle at that time.

Through the death of William, Constance, the wife of Henry VI. of Germany, had a lawful right by inheritance to the throne of Sicily.

But the Norman, Tankred of Lecce, who sought the throne for him­ self, waged war against Henry VI. and Constance. Richard, always eager for a battle, took part in the fray and captured Messina. He corresponded with Tankred, presented him with Excalibur, the fabulous work of King Arthur, and came to an agreement with him.

In Messina Richard led a happy and carefree life. He himself led the crowd, which consisted of both English and French knights, —285—

t in high living and merrymaking. At first the English and French got along very well together, but quarrels soon arose among them.

Even Richard and Philip quarreled bitterly. Richard broke his en­ gagement with Pliilip’s’sister Alice, maintaining that she had given birth to a child begotten of his father Henry II. Whether this was true or not is not known, but that that was not his chief reason for ■ breaking the engagement, can be seen by 】iis announcing that he had for some time had the intention of marrying Berengaria of Navarre. Philip, enraged at Richard’s conduct, immediately left Sicily for Palestine.

Soon after Philip’s departure, Richard, accompaned by Beren­ garia, also resumed liis journey to the Holy Land. As chance would have it, however, he was not to arrive at Palestine as soon as he expected, for a storm came up at sea and drove the leading ships, on one of which was Berengaria, against the shores of the island Cyprus. Isaac Coranenus, a member of the Byzantine dynasty and king of Cyprus, robbed the stranded and defenseless sailors. When Richard, who had made his way to Cyprus with the rest of the fleet, heard of the robbery, he forthwith revenged himself by first captur­ ing the two harbor cities, Limissol and Famagusta, and then the capital, Nicosia. Isaac himself was taken captive and put into pris­ on. Richard remained on Cyprus long enough to marry Berenga­ ria, and then set sail for Acre, which was being besieged by Frede- ’ rick of Germany and Philip, who in turn were partly surrounded by the forces of Saladin.

Richard’s arrival on April 13,1191，about two months later than the date of Philip’s coming, was hailed with great joy by the Chris­ tians. Until late at night the fires burned brightly in the Christian camp, folk and war songs were sung, and yarns were spun. The Saracens in the besieged Acre, as well as Saladin’s forces round about the city, beheld the rejoicing in the enemy’s camp with dis­ may and lost hope. Saladin saw that his exhausted troops could not hold out much longer, especially the enemy was being rein­ forced by way of the sea. In the same spirit Acre surrendered on July 11, 1191. Had the Saracens known how things stood in the Christian camp, they might have held out a while longer. Conrad of Montferrat disputed the title of Jerusalem with Guy of Lusig一 nam; the French and Germans favored Conrad, but they again en一 d In bitter quarrels among themselves; Richard favored Buy— was an Englishman like himself, and who had sailed to Cy一 —286—

卜(tht prus to give a voluntary oath of vassalage in order to win Richard for his cause. The capitulation of Acre should have reconciled the Christians to each other and encouraged them to set about the cap­ ture of Jerusalem, the real reason for the third crusade. On the contrary, conditions became worse. By ordering Leopold of Aus­ tria’s standard to be torn down from a tower of the surrendered city and dragged through the mud, Richard grossly insulted the duke. In their greed the English refused the followers of Leopold any share of booty. Leopold withdrew his troops and returned to Europe. Only to the French and to the solvent Genoese did Richard grant concessions. Philip Augustus, however, departed for France in disgust, leaving Richard in Palestine as sole leader of the cru­ saders. Richard’s first act in his new role was to execute over 200,000 captive Saracens, because Saladin failed to send the money for their ransom at the stipulated time. Now the greed of the Eng­ lish showed itself in all its intensity, for they cut open the bowels of the murdered captives and searched in them for the money which they believed the Saracens had swallowed in order to prevent it from falling into the hands of the enemy. This execution was the darkest blot on Richard’s character during the Third Crusade.

After the surrender of Acre, Richard marched toward Jerusa­ lem. On. the way he captured several coast cities over which Guy of Lusignam claimed the sovereignty. Of these the two most im­ portant were Arsuf and Joppa, the latter of which he fortified. While Richard was strengthening Joppa, Saladin was provisioning Jeru­ salem and making preparations for a siege.

Richard, however, did not intend to march against Jerusalem just yet. He wanted to become more intimate with the culture of the East. To come into connection with the court of Saladin and there show off his knighthood and boast his superiority over the other Christian monarchs was what he was seeking after. For this reason he corresponded with Saladin again and again, asking for a truce and at last offering absurd conditions, of which offering his sister as a wife to Saladin’s brother was probably the worst. That he ignored the difference in culture and race between the East and the West can be further seen by his act of conferring knighthood on one of Saladin’s sons. But the honest and principled Saladin would have nothing to do with this now friendly slaughterer of his country­ men.

Since Saladin would not make peace, Richard decided to march —287—

against Jerusalem. Twice he came within a day’s march of the city, but lie did not attempt an attack, because his unwilling troops, who had led a loose life ever since the surrender of Acre, and who rather gambled than fought for a living, could not be depended upon.

In the meantime Richard received bad news from home. His brother John was trying to usurp the throne in England, and he was being aided in this by Philip Augustus. After the second unsuccess­ ful attempt at capturing Jerusalem, Richard decided to return to England. But first he had to set things to order in Palestine and put some one in command. He wanted to make Guy of Lusignam king of Jerusalem, but in this he failed. The barons, the leaders of the different orders of knights, and the more important of the knights favored Conrad of Montferrat, who was eventually elected king of Jerusalem. Almost immediately after his election, however, Conrad was assassinated in Tyrus. Of the various suitors for her hand the widow of Conrad chose Henry of Champagne. In order to satisfy the ignored |Guy of Lusignam, Richard presented him with Cyprus. Then Richard succeeded in making a three years’ truce with Saladin. By this treaty Jerusalem was to remain in the pos­ session of the Saracens; the Christians were to retain the coast from Tyrus to Joppa, and were to be allowed to visit in small groups, the place of the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem. On receiving the ransom for them from Saladin, Richard freed the Saracen prisoners that were in his possession. Here again he showed his greed, for in­ stead of using the money he received from Saladin to free the Chris­ tian prisoners in Jerusalem, as he had agreed to do, he feept the money and left the prisoners to their fate. Such were the results of the Third Crusade. Jerusalem, which tho Germans, English, and French had set out to capture was still in the hands of the heathen.

The dissension among the Christians was the reason for the failure of the crusade, and most of this dissension was caused by Richard the Lion Hearted.

In Europe there was a silent determination to stop Richard on his way home and to punish him for his misdeeds. Richard him­ self had a presentiment that trouble awaited him in Europe. The only way lie could avoid going through the domains of the insulted Leopold of Austria and Henry VI, against whom Richard had helped Tankred, was by sailing from Palestine to England. This plan, however, was out of question, for Richard had no seaworthy ships.

Finding himself in a desperate predicament, he decided to stake all on an attempt to land at some unnoticed place in Southern Europe —288一

and make his way through Austria and Germany in disguise. With this purpose in mind, he left Palestine in a few* small boats in Octo­ ber 1192 and sailed up the Adriatic sea. A storm arose, his boats were wrecked, and Richard, with a few followers, was stranded on the northern shore of the Adriatic near Aquileja, whence he made his way on horseback as a mere wanderer as far as Vienna. But near Vienna his identity was discovered by oriental coins which he had, and he fell into the' hands of Leopold, who imprisoned him in a castle on the Danube. When Henry VI heard of Richard’s cap­ ture, he made an agreement with Leopold, with the result that Richard was handed over to Henry in 1193. He was imprisoned at Trifels in Alsace. From his prison he had a view of the most beau­ tiful landscapes in Germany. Wrestling with his guards and trying to make them drunk was a pleasant way of passing away the time.

As much food and good wine as he wanted was set before him. Later he was removed from Trifels to Worms.

In the meantime Richard’s relatives and friends at home were trying to raise money for his ransom. Henry VI demanded 100,000 marks and an army to fight against Tankred. Richard’s relatives induced Henry to lower this amount to one-half as much, and alsc to free them from the obligation to supply an army, but he did de­ mand an oath of vassalage and a yearly tribute from Richard. These terms were accepted and until they were fulfilled Richard remained in Germany as a guest of the emperor. In February, 1194, Richard’s mother Elenore came to Germany with the means of freeing her son, and on February 4, Richard was a free man.

On looking back at Richard’s deeds during the whole crusade, we find that he accomplished nothing of great importance. It was due mainly to him that the only event of material benefit to the Christians, the surrender of Acre, took place. After that, however, he effected nothing, for although lie was sole leader during the latter part of the crusade, he did not take advantage of this opportunity to further the cause of the crusade. On the contrary, he seemed to have forgotten that he had set out to capture Jerusalem, and he acted so queerly, especially in his efforts at making peace with Saladin, that, although lie had gained a reputation for personal valor, the Saracens thought of him with a feeling of contempt.

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THE BLACK AND RED PoUUli^d Monthly l>jr Uio Sludenlt of the Noithwulern College.

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WHY ABE OUB AMERICAN MUSICIANS NOT MORE APPRECIATED? A short time ago Verdis’ masterpiece, the opera “Othello,” was rendered in Chicago. This opera is not presented very often, for there are but few tenors in the world able to sing the role of Othello.

The Metropolitan Opera Company in vain searched the globe for an Othello last year. When it became known that Mr. Charles Marshall had sung the role in Italy, they engaged him merely to serve as a foil for Titta Ruffo, who was to sing the great role of Iago. It was Ruffo’s farewell performance of the season, therefore the Italians —290—

1 were anxious for him to create a lasting impression. Of the singers Mr. Marshall alone was American, all the others Italian. Now, it was their aim to make Mr. Marshall ridiculous or at least to prevent his success. At rehearsals it is the custom to let the principals sing their parts just loud enough to be heard in order that their voices may be in the best of condition on their appearance before the pub­ lic. But since the entire stage management is in Italian and not in American hands, Charles Marshall was asked to sing loud. He did.

On the following evening he was required to sing the most difficult tenor roles in opera. Furthermore, this was his first appearance in his native land. His brilliant success rivaled that of Galli-Curci on her first appearance in America.

But what is the main reason why our American artists are com­ ing into the limelight so slowly? Who is it that has thus far kept our native artists from achieving success? Do not blame the Italians nor any other foreigners! They are not at fault. The American audience it is that is to blame. They are as yet in no position to criticise. A foreigner who can not conceal his name below a foot rule, will, of a certainty, astound the United States. The longer a foreigner’s name and hair, the greater his success as a musician!

The logic of the greater percentage of American audiences is ad­ mirable.

If we want to change this state of affairs, we must not begin with the stage, but with our American audiences; for we do not treat symptoms, but the cause of diseases. When this process has been completed, then, and not until then, will Americans astound not only America itself, but the whole world. When our audiences shall have become educated enough to criticise for themselves, then will this process have reached completion.

C. B.，21 The heights by great men reached and kept, Were not attained in sudden flight; But they while their companions slept, Were toiling upward through the night.

When we hear of or see great men who on account of their achievements in science, statesmanship, or literature are honored and remembered not only by their contemporaries but also by pos­ terity, we seldom consider that these same men had to start at the —291—

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% •JSla成峨 bottom just as we do and had no better opportunities than manyother men of their time. On the contrary we are likely to look only upon their achievements and consider them as a kind of superhuman beings whose lot could not have been otherwise than to do great things and thereby become famous.

It is true that we can not but look with amazement upon the deeds and accomplishments of some great men. Caesar singlehanded subjugated all of Gaul. Macaulay played a man’s part as a jurist in India, was an able statesman in England, and besides that wrote some of our finest historical works. Anyone who has made a study of Luther must marvel at the volume of really worth while writings that he composed besides doing his regular work as a professor and minister. Then we might mention Lincoln, Bell, Edison and many others.

Such men as these who have accomplished great things we call geniuses. But what really is a genius? Someone has happily said: “Genius is ten per cent inspiration and ninety per cent perspiration.”

This is very true, for no matter how gifted a person may be along any line, lie will accomplish absolutely nothing unless he diligently and untiringly develops his natural abilities; on the other hand it is often possible by perseverance to reach one’s goal even though one’s abilities are not the best. Very few people have accomplished anything worth while who did not have the power of sitting down for hours at a time and applying themselves only to tlieir task. But not all of us have been endowed with the power of doing great things and thereby becoming famous. This need not discourage us, for our object in life is not primarily to do’ great tilings but to benefit our fellow men. God has given each and every one of us certain gifts which it is our solemn duty to develop and use to the very best advantage for His glory, and for the benefit of our fellow mortals.

We are now laying the foundation upon which we shall after­ ward build our future. A large amount of perseverance is necessary to carry us through our long years of training, and the seemingly insurmountable difficulties that are likely to discourage us. But let us remember that to reach the top of the ladder we must start at the bottom and master the elementary things first. Rome was not built in a day, but it was built; and so can we also arrive at the goal if we apply ourselves to our daily tasks with heart and soul.

D. R. ’22. 一292— —

EINE CHRISTENYERFOLGUNG. Wir mochten unsere Leser aufmerksam machen auf ein Biichlein, welches von Pastor O. Schabert in Riga herausgegeben wurde.

In ergreifender Weise wird darin der Leidensweg der evangelischlutherischen Kirche in den Ostseeprovinzen beschrieben. Dreiszig Pastoren (die Namen sind in dem Buche angegeben) wurden von den Bolsheviki ohne Process entweder erschossen Oder aufgehangt Hunderte von Lutheranern, die mutig ihren Glauben bekannten wurden auf grausame Art umgebraclit, auf einmal z. b. drei hundert Gemeindeglieder erschossen. Priedliche Burger wurden auf die Strasse gejagt, und die Kommunisten nahmen ihnen Geld und Gut, ohne irgend einem Schein des Rechtes. Christenverfolgungen im zwanzigsten Jahrhundert!

Bei alle dem jubelt der Verfasser des Buches, und schreibt, “Wunderbar ist Christus.” Die Christen sterben mutig und getrost und legen ein tapferes Zeugniss ihres Glaubens ab. Das Blut der Martyrer versiegelt den Glauben der schwachen Christen and gewinnt neue. Die Bolsheviki konnen Geld und Gut und alles Irdische rauben, aber das Wort sie sollen lassen stahn. Ja, vielmehi durch ihre Verfolgung kraftigen sie das Wort unwillkurlich.

Was sollen wir aus dieser Verfolgung lernen? Zuerst soller wir uns freuen, dass die lutherische Kirche so standhaft ist in ihrem Glauben. Anstatt dass sie ausgerottet wird, gewinnt sie Tag fiir Tag mehr Anhanger infolge dieser neronischen Verfolgungen.

Dann sollen wir lernen, auch unsern Glauben zu bewahren und mutig zu kampfen, wie die Christen am Baltischen Meere, sollte eine Ver­ folgung uns treffen. Es ist kein Widerspruch, wenn man sagt: Auch. die Verfolgung muss nach Gottes Rat der Kirche zum Segen gereichen.

Wundern muss man sich. aber iiber die Regierungen, welche dulden, dass so jedes Recht mit Fussen getreten wird. Bs ist eine Schande, dass keine der groszen Nationen sich der Christen am Baltschen Meere annimmt. Denn ist die ,Gefahr nicht gross, dass dieser Strom des Unheils Europa uberflutet, und bald auf seinen J.— Wellen neue Opfer dahintragt?

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一Prof. Wm. Henkel, ’89, of tlie Theological Seminary at Wau­ watosa, Wis., made a short business trip to Watertown, Jan. 18. ―The Rev. H. K. Moussa, ’00, of Jefferson, Wis., has formally an­ nounced his engagement to Miss Adela Wetzel, of the same city.

Miss Wetzel is a daughter of Mr. Em. Wetzel, a sometime graduate of tlie Normal Department. ―The Rev. E. Ph. Dornfeld, ’04，of Milwaukee, Wis., called on Edmund Sponholtz, Thursday, Jan. 27. ―After spending some months as missionary-at-large in Wash­ ington, the Rev. R. Fenske, ’14, is now occupying the pulpit in Ellensburg, Wash.

—Mr. Elmer Kiessling, ’17, of Jefferson, Wis., visited his Alma Mater, Feb. 3. Although he has not entirely recovered from his illness, a considerable improvement can, nevertheless, be noticed in his health. May God speed his recovery. 一At the session of the board of trustees in the college dormitory, Feb. 3, a call was extended to the Rev. John Brenner, ’93，of Mil­ waukee, Wis., to fill the vacant professorship at Northwestern College. 一Mr. G. Schley, ’ll, is teaching in the Lutheran parochial school at Algoma, Wis. ―John Henning, *18, of the Theological Seminary at Wauwatosa, Wis., called here, Friday, Feb. 4. He expects to take his brother Otto, ’23, home to Bloomer, Wis., where lie will go under the sur­ geon^ knife to haye his appendix removed.

—The Rev. H. K. Moussa, ’00, of Jefferson, Wis., spent the week following Jan. 16, as a patient in the Milwaukee, hospital, Milwau­ kee, Wis. .

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hensive study of history, the Board of Trustees in their recent ses­ sion granted Prof. G. A. Westerhaus, ’08, leave of absence, the length of which shall be determined by future conditions. Prof. Westerhaus will conduct his classes until the close of the present school year and will then probably leave for Europe where he will take up his studies at one of the large universities.

—The Central Conference met in the St. Mark’s church, Feb. 1-2.

On Tuesday evening, Feb. 1, the Rev. G. Denninger, of Fox Lake, Wis” conducted the services at the altar, and the Rev. M. Pankow, of Friesland, Wis., delivered the sermon. During the session of the conference, Prof. A. Pieper, ’76, of the Theological Seminary at Wauwatosa, Wis., led the discussion in a study of the Epistle to the Galatians. The financial affairs of the synod also were freely dis­ cussed in the meetings.

SEMINAR NACHItICHTEN. Gleich nach den Feiertagen versammelte sich der Coetus, um die vierteljahrige Wahl zu vollziehen. Nachdem die Stimmen gezahlt waren, wurde die Wahl einstimmig gemacht. Das geschah auf Herm Matzkes Vorschlag liin. Die Wahl fiirs Prasidium fiel auf Arthur Wacker aus Pigeon, Mich. Die iibrigen Beamten sind folgende: Vize-Priises, Carl Hinz, Schatzmeister, Louis G. Meyer (nicht der Vollmond-Meyer), Sekretar, wieder derselbe, namlich Herr B. J. Westendorf, auch aus Michigan.

Herr Blakewell gedenkt, auf seinen Saxaphone ein Konzert zu veranstalten unter den Auspicien des Herrn Lau. Man wolle jetzt wieder Wasser trinken, da die “Pliimber” die Pumpe wieder gefixt haben!

Po lgende besuchten uns im vergangenen Monat: Guenther Olfe, Theo. Uetzmann, Edwin Jaster, Pastor J. Gauss aus Jenera, Ohio.

Unter der Leitung des Herrn Falk hat ein Orchester, zusammengestellt von hiesigen Musikern (Klaviere und Studenten), ein —295—

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Programm des Emmaus-Jungfrauenvereins verdorben. Herr Gieschen war auch da und ist alleine heimgekommen.

Herr Dux und Fuchs Die schrieben flugs Nach Haus um etwas Gelde; Der Vater las, und dann vergass------Wer weiter weiss, der melde.

Herr Lau ist im Papsttum versunken; er behauptet, man konne keine Weltanschauung erreichen, ohne eine griindliche Kenntniss • in dieser Periode zu haben.

Wir haben bis jetzt iy2 Tonnen Kohlen verbrannt und % Tonnen “Cornfiflakes” yerzehrt.

Am letzten Sonntag hat der Seminarchor den Gottesdienst bei Herrn Pastor Kionka, dessen Gemeinde Orgelweihe feierte, mit seinem Gesang verschonert. Herr Prof. Kohler hielt die Predigt.

Herr Lehmann hatte Ungliick mit seinen Weinachtsgeschenken, er erhielt namlich ein Paar Kuff-linken (cuff-links), die ihm zu klein waren.

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Since January 8, the first Saturday after New Year, was an un­ favorable day for the members of the literary societies to render a program owing to the short time in which to make the necessary preparations, the students had tlie opportunity to hear Mrs. Hoermann, a reader and impersonator of accomplished abilities. Al­ though Mrs. Hoermann is a resident of Watertown, she had not read to the students for many years, and was therefore unknown to most of us. We were, however, greatly pleased to have the opportunity to hear somebody who can show us the correct methods of speak­ ing. The reader did this, for she voiced the vowels properly and ended the consonants not abruptly with a jar, but just loud enough, so that the letter was clearly audible.

Introductory to her reading Mrs. Hoermann spoke a few words about tlie importance of proper speaking and good enunciation.

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She called our attention to the fact that usually the first impression of a person is taken from his speech. Therefore it is of vital im­ portance that those who claim to have an education do justice to themselves and adopt the correct method of speaking. She em­ phasized the importance of the vowel with its different values and varying pronunciation, the correct articulation of which is partly neglected in our American colleges. Mrs. Hoermann’s first six read­ ings were poems from Tennyson, Longfellow, Poe, and Alexander, in which she gave examples of pathos, solemnity, the oratund voice, and of the oratorical and abrupt style. Each interpretation required a different pitch of voice, and the reader produced very ably the necessary effect. Bible reading from St. Matthew and St. Luke showed us how proper reading of passages in Holy Writ aids much to a clear understanding of Scripture. The final number was Long­ fellow's King Robert of Sicily, in which many shades of the voice were used to produce the natural meaning of every line; and we ex­ perienced that a poem declaimed properly can be much more readily understood, for vocal impersonation makes poetry aesthetically im­ pressive and brings it closer to reality.

The members of the literary societies inevitably derived much benefit from Mrs. Hoermann’s readings and learned what goal must be reached in order to be an accomplished speaker. We express our gratitude to Mrs. Hoermann and hope to have the opportunity of hearing her again.

On the three Saturdays after the recital given by Mrs. Hoer­ mann two programs were rendered by the Philomathean and one by the Phi Gamma Rho literary society. Both programs showed a good arrangement and contained a variation of original speeches, poems, essays, and music. The programs were not too long, and the audience, which generally filled the chapel to the last seating place, did not become impatient and restless. Each speaker more or less did justice to an interesting subject by rendering his topic in a creditable style. In some cases the poems were not perfectly memorized, and some reciters followed the rhythm too closely; but we must remember that to declaim a poem properly is not such an easy matter and we have found that most of us need improvement in that respect. The various instrumental and vocal numbers showed that many students take interest in music and are able to appear before an audience, although they are only amateurs and in —297—

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many cases self-made musicians. We are glad to be able to men­ tion that for the first time in many years coeds have joined each society and are showing enthusiasm for literary work. In general the work of the societies indicates progress, and they are fulfilling their true purpose, namely that of offering oratorical practice. '；

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All lovers of skating are surely indebted to the weatherman, for the winter has been ideal for ice sports, since the absence of snow places the entire river at the students’ disposal, and the agree­ able temperature makes the outdoor exercise a pleasure. Many students take interest in skating, and during free time many young.sters are seen strolling toward the river with a pair of skates un­ der their arms. Again we see hem at the supper table with glow­ ing cheeks, thus proving to us that above all skating develops a good appetite, Action taken by the city, especially by the Chamber of Comme]rce, increased the local interest for winter sports very much. The wide bend of the river at Riverside Park offers a well adapted place for an ice rink, which is cleared from snow, when­ ever necessary and is illuminated in tlie evening by electric lights.

A clubhouse is also at the skater’s disposal, where skates are rented, clothes are checked, refreshments and confectionery offered for sale, and which affords rest and warmtli to those who are tired and cold.

These improvements in Watertown are certainly appreciated by the students^ and young people of the city.

The predominating ice sport is hockey, and the interest of the many skaters induced them to organize hockey teams. Three teams were organized by the city boys and the fourth team was to be com­ posed of students. No college team was organized, however, but since the Juniors have so far shown the most interest, they are matching their skill with the teams from the town. Games are played every Sunday afternoon and the interesting combats draw many spectators. A cup will be presented to the team with the most victories at the end of the season.

A concert committee exists consisting of the presidents of the band, orchestra, and chorus and one otlier man from each organi­ zation, who is appointed by the president. The members of the committee are: M. Buenger ,chairman, I. Uetzmann, secretary, B. Jaster, C. Albrecht, I. Boettcher,, and T. Uetzmann. These mem­ bers 'co-operate with the directors of the organizations, give their ―298一

aid in choosing concert selections, and perform odd duties at con­ cert time.

The National Picture Academy presented a motion picture pro­ gram in the college gymnasium on the evening of Feb. 1. Several educational reels showing interesting views from France, China, and Japan and scenes from our motor truck factories and zoological gardens were screened. The featuring number was Jimmie’s Prayer, a picture of a new type, which showed how the prayers of a child who believed steadfastly that God would give him what he asked for are fulfilled through the hands of his unknown cousin and uncle. Of most interest to the students and the people of Wa­ tertown were, however, moving pictures taken at Dr. Ernst’s Golden Jubilee in June, 1919, on the grounds of our college. Many familiar faces were recognized on the screen, and especially noteworthy were the pictures of Dr. Ernst and Dr. Ott. Besides these different num­ bers a comedy began and ended the program. This program given under the auspices of the Trinity Lutheran Church Sunday-school drew a large attendance, and every one went home well satisfied.

Freshmen 23, Sophomores 15.

Our 1921 basketball season opened Jan. 12th. On this day the Freshmen defeated the Sophomores 23-15. Something seemed to be wrong with the *23 class team, for the Kalfahs-Kleinke-Schoenoff —299—

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combination could not be broken up. The Sophomores scored ten points in the second period against seven for the Freshmen, but the Freshman lead of 16-5 was too great to be overcome.

Juniors 11, Seniors 21, On the same day the Seniors decisively beat the Juniors 21-11.

Fast playing and excellent teamwork won the game.

Sophomores 21, Seniors 20.

What turned out to be a big surprise to all spectators and playera in our gym took place January 15, when the Sophomores trimmed the powerful Senior quint. The game was very close and snappy throughout, the Seniors retaining the lead until five minutes before the end of the game, when their speedy opponents, working with all their might, scored two baskets in rapid succession and carried away the scalp.

Freshmen 26, Juniors 19.

The second contest of January 15 also ended contrary to ex­ pectations. Judging from the first three minutes of play it looked to be an easy victory for the Juniors. They scored six points before their younger opponents knew what they were about. But the Freshmen woke up and played. They quickly tied the score, broke up the loose Junior team-work and had nearly everything their way for the remainder of the game. Fouls were numerous on both sides.

Freshmen 14, Seniors 31.

On January 19, the Freshmen experienced their first defeat of the season. They Seniors beat them 31-14. The game was not a walkaway, however, as the score might indicate; on the contrary, it was a furious fight from beginning to end, and not until the final whistle blew did the “Freshies” give up the struggle. An advant­ age in weight and size together with superior teamwork won the laurels for the Senior five.

Sophomores 24, Juniors 23.

The same day witnessed another victory for the Sophomores, when they defeated the Junior cagers 24-23. The score at the end of the first half stood 14-6. Ten minutes before the end of the game the “Sophs” were still in the lead by seven points, and it was thought useless to dispute about the outcome of the battle. But the otherwise slow and disunited Juniors thought differently. It seemed a new spirit suddenly entered their persons. They passed the leather back and forth, and simply took the white and green —300—

jerseys off their feet; before Captain Henning’s men came to realize things, they found themselves one point behind. The ball then zig­ zagged from one end of the floor to the other, until “Dutch” Engel, who also tallied the winning basket against the Seniors, shot from a long distance dropping the ball through the Sophomores’ net.

Immediately after, the whistle sounded the end of the game with the Sophomore score ahead.

Juniors 19, Seniors 26.

On January 22 the Juniors met their fourth consecutive de­ feat, when they lost to the squad of Seniors. It was a rather inter­ esting game and in no way an easy victory. Captain Voigt’s quint played their best game of the season; and had it been against any other team besides the Seniors, they no doubt would have won.

Freshmen 14, Sophomores 31.

Having been defeated by the Frosh in the first clash of the sea­ son, the Sophomore quintet took the floor aching for revenge, and they got it. They outclassed their Freshmen opponents in every department of play, especially in the offensive work. Both teams experienced what they termed “hard luck”，when the leather re— peatedly whirled around the endge of the basket and dropped out again.

Sophomores 31, Juniors 16.

Since Captain Henning of the Sophomores was out of the game January 26, all students looked for the Juniors’ first victory. But we deceived ourselves. The Sophs proved that they, even without their captain, still had a remarkable basketball team. Schnitker took Lehmann’s position, while the Nebraska heavyweight occupied “Choudy’s” position at guard, and with every ounce of pep the Green and White began its attack and simply swamped the Juniors’ efforts. In little more than twelve minutes the count was 15-0 in favor of the Sophomores. The first division ended 21-4. Although the Juniors succeeded in tallying twelve points in the second half thus slightly evening the scores, the game as a whole proved more or less to be a source of hilarity.

Freshmen 10, Seniors 34, January 26, also marked another defeat for the Freshmen and a victory for the Purple. During the first half the Seniors walked away with a 20-8 lead. The new collegiates came back strong in the second period, being at one time but six points behind their much, heavier opponents, but the usual last-minute rally of the —301—

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Seniors shattered all hopes for a Freshmen victory and cinched the game by a 34-19 score.

Freshmen 14, Juniors 36.

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The Juniors had about decided to discontinue basketball and confine themselves to hockey. But they were persuaded to make one more attempt on the basketball floor. And what did they do? .They won one of the most decisive victories staged in our gym by any team this year. The Freshmen were the unlucky victims. We saw in this game what we had heretofore considered as non-exist­ ing, namely Junior teamwork. All way through the game the Ju­ niors, aided by a little luck, as it seemed, kept the Preshies at their mercy. Hermie Kuckhahn, the rangy Junior center, alone caged eight baskets. “The Juniors can play after all,” was the remark heard everywhere among the spectators. But others looked at the game in a very different light; they declared it an absolute offday and a day of “hard luck” for the Freshmen, and judging from the number of times the ball twisted around the Freshman basket and then rolled off the edge again, the opinion of the latter may be justified. At any rate the Junior’s squad with three captains play­ ing, won theil* first victory, while the Freshies suffered their fourth consecutive defeat.

Sophomores 11，Seniors 20.

January 29 brought together tlie leaders of the league, the Sophomores and the Seniors, each of which teams liad won four games and lost one. But the heavy smoothly-running Senior ma­ chine, which lost to the Sophs on Jan. 15, was not so easily downed again. They beat their first place competitors by a 20-11 score Although the Green and White played hard, as they always do, and even took the lead in the first half by a 6-4 count, the defensive work of Capt. Meier’s squad proved too much for them. The Seniors scored sixteen of their twenty points in the second half, and held opponents to five in this division.

The standing:一 Pet. G.P. Won. Lost S57.

1 Seniors __ .7 6 571.

3 Sophomores .7 4 429.

4 .7 3 Freshmen 143. .7 6 Juniors__ 1 —302—

A very close race is also on in the preparatory department, where the standing is as follows: G.P. Won. Lost Pet. 6 5 Tertia.

833.

6 4 2 Quarta 667.

Quinta 7 4 3 571.

0 Sexta .

7 7 000.

One of the first college publications to appear on our exchangetable in the new year was the Augustana Observer, a well-arranged and well-edited paper. From the stories, articles, and the different columns we conclude that the scholarship prevailing at Augustna is by no means poor. A remarkable feature in the Observer is the position of the headings of the separate departments at the top of the page. Although this position of the headings or cuts is but a mere matter of outward arrangement, not found in many college journals一probably on account of too great a waste of space—it is commendable, since it awakens interest in the reader by attracting Ms attention.

The literary department opens with a short story “The Life That Failed,” a story of such singular character that we shall discuss it in detail. The very beginning puts us into the atmosphere of mystery coupled with foreboding hopelessness. It is the story of a poor soul 一an illegitimate son一driven to the brink of despair by the vice and treachery he sees in the world and especially by that of the wanton man whom he cannot call father who brought about the imprison­ ment and the death by privation of his poor misled mother. The battle within him is great and in order to overcome his evil desires for revenge, he goes for to theWest into the mountains that he might forget. He falls in with a friendly mountaineer and one evening while drifting down the river at sunset tells him the story of his un­ happy life. The story once more awakens the charges he has against —303—

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the vice and faithlessness of the world and the burning desire for revenge. He loses all control of himself and gives way to his feel­ ings entirely. Behind the purple rays of the mountain sunset he sees blood. In the falling twilight over the wood in the distance he sees the shadows of the poor souls, seduced and deceived by the world. He sees in his mind the spirit of his mother;' it calls for revenge. The grappling strife between the revengeful desire on the one hand and the feeling of forgiveness on the other grows and at the end of his story the climax occurs. He feels that if he lives he willbecome a murderer, and that if he dies lie will soon be forgotten, With his last words, “But~but—water forgets” he rises with an Insane look on his face and leaps into the swift stream. His com­ panion endeavors to reach him, but in vain. He disappears in the gray twilight of the distance. The author’s talent in writing shows itself through the whole story. The diction is good; the words used are short but suggestive. The main idea contained is that of hopelessness, desperate hopelessness. The character of the des­ pairing soul is nicely displayed. His inner self does not seek re­ venge, on the contrary, pleads forgiveness, yet his evil nature prompts him to seek revenge. The result of these two opposite fac­ tors is strife within himself; the strife drives him to insanity, and He was not insanilty drives him on to despair and destruction, strong enough, although his intentions were towards that end, to conquer his evil nature. The author’s powers of suggestive de­ scription are very good. One passage in the speech of the poor, dejected soul is especially striking: “You think every sunset is a farewell kiss to this peaceful valley. Every time you see that even­ ing glow over the hilltops, every time you hear the pines whisper as they look into the tranquil water, every time you drift along the stream like this, you think that life is a continuous flow of peace and tranquillity. But it is a lie. You have not seen the mocking mists ascending from the deep; you ha.ve not seen the blood behind etc.” The whole story the purple sunset. But I have seen it is unique in character, of the kind seldom found in our exchanges, and deserves much credit.

The article on “January ” is well constructed; the language is clear and simple. “Transitions” shows a good attempt at poetry.

The rhythm is smooth and the unpoetic words that we often find in student poetry are conspicuously absent. In rhyme, however, we do not like to have both words of the rhyme the same.

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The editorial department of the Observer should be more ex­ tensive. The January issue contains only one editorial. Consider­ ing the amount of other material in each issue, three editorials would not be to many.

All the remaining columns are in the hands of able students.

“Library” contains some interesting items. The reports of the “Athletics” editor are concise and interesting. One thing we do not like in the last department is the interspersing of literary ma­ terial among the advertisements. We see, however, you are en­ deavoring to benefit your patrons as much as possible.

May the spirit and the standard of the Observer continue to advance.

一February has an unusual number of days of peculiar interest, most of them birthdays. Washington, Lincoln, Dickens, Lowell, Longfellow and Vadder Boettcher’s are among the most important.

W. Bender,，23, and D. Rossin，，22, had the pleasure of witnessing a basketball game between Milwaukee Normal and Carroll at Waukesha on Jan. 7.

—Wm. Eggert，，24, and A. Jentzsch, prep, journeyed to Marshall on Jan. 8, where they were guests of the latter’s uncle.

A. Leisten enrolled as a regular student on Jan. 4. He could not endure studying more than three weeks at a time and left for his parental home at Burnett, Wis., on Jan. 22.

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―Since the first part of January we have had a representative from Portage. G. Sampson Zamzow enrolled as a regular student on Jan. 10.

—L. Zastrow and H. Kahrs, preps, traveled to Oconomowoc on Jan. 15. They spent their time in feasting and merrymaking. Bud Husting was also seen promenading Cooney streets on that date.

—>Mutt Reeiman n, ’24, left us for two weeks. He went to his home in Milwauk ee on Jan. 15, to have his molars renovated. ―K. Koehler found his way back to his books on Jan. 16, after a prolonged Christmas recess, due to illness. A. Baer, *23, and H. Theurer, 24, also occupied their long vacant desks three days later.

—0. Henning, ’23, has been the victim of an attack of appendi­ citis since Jan. 17. Luckily he did not have to undergo an oper­ ation, and we hope to see him in our midst again in the near future.

—Basketball was not enough to satisfy the sport-craving Juniors.

On Jan. 22, they organized a hockey team. Their first game was played the next day and without any practice they lost by only two points. With Capt. Knoll and able players like Groth, Albrecht, Rossin, Krause and Gentb, the team may look forward to a suc­ cessful season. The experience of this season will put the team in good shape to battle for the trophy cup next year. ―Lester Adam, a former student, was killed in an iceboat acci­ dent on Saturday, Jan. 22, in Oconomowoc. We all wish to express our sincere sympathy to the unfortunate parents. Quite a number of students attended the funeral the Tuesday following. ―On Jan. 23, after a stiff game of hockey, Gus enjoyed a delici­ ous evening spread with friends on Fourth street. His motto is: Nach getaner Arbeit ist gut essen. 一January 23, was a great skating day. A sextette consisting of Sonn, Schlavensky, Mattil, Martin, Frank and Henning glided to Pipersville. This record, however, was broken by Wallie Jaeger, Rollie Hillfemann and Skinny Gruber, they took a round trip excur­ sion to Oconomowoc. F. Karsten also started out for a certain des­ tination, but shortly after he set out he was seen stiffly making his way back with icicles hanging from his knees. 一G. Rhoda was forced to discontinue his studies for this year on account of severe illness, but lie sincerely hopes to return again next fall. 一Chuck Blakewell dropped in to see us, after paying Demmy a —306—

visit at Oconomowoc on Jan. 30. He also expressed the wish of re­ turning to Northwestern with Demmy.

—>Room fifty was minus two of its occupants for some time. Dammann and Bothe left for their homes on Jan. 28，on account of illness. ―M. Bienfang, A. Wolfgram and H. Kahrs, preps, on Jan. 29-30, devoted their time to hiking in the vicinity of Jefferson.

—Moses Jaster, ’21, our human phonograph, kept Pat Kupfer, ’20, well amused while spending Jan. 29-30, with him in Milwaukee.

—G. Schmehling and E. Blumenthal enjoyed a breakfast of buck­ wheat cakes at the home of the former’s aunt in Juneau on Jan. 30.

—After fully recovering from a case of scarlet fever, A. Niemann a gain took up his studies on Jan. 24. 一E. Scharp discontinued his studies here and is now taking a. special course at a naval training school in Chicago.

January 9 a great event took place. Twelve co-eds surprised Louise Thurow in honor of her birthday at the home of Ruth Bolle.

She was presented with a beautiful ring. It> was hard for most of those present to remain quiet until the guest of honor arrived. The gay little birthday girl was put under the care of Paula Radloff and Frieda Zeisler, who acted as chaperons, and in spite of a very good time behavior was remarkably good. After an evening of laughter and merriment a delicious luncheon was served in great plenty.

Our old friend Edna Detert returned to Northwestern, on Jan. 25, after an absence of several weeks, during which time she was recuperating from an operation.

The co-eds evince great enthusiasm for basketball this year and go to the gymnasium twice a week, for practice. The line up for the two teams, the “Blacks” and the “Reds” is as follows: P_______ Irene Schwartz Hildegarde Wagner Frieda Zeisler F. Louise Thurow___ Ruth Bolle C. Norma Conrad------Elsie Freitag Bertha Holzhuetter— — Paula Radloff Margaret Zier_______ —307—

Subs: Blacks—Leona Kohn, Ruth Block, Agnes Gruel, Jose­ phine Gnewuch.

Subs: Reds—Josephine Sproesser, Meta Kaulitz, Irene Seefeldt, Edna Worden.

Some time in the future five chosen players will try to get a game with the girls’ team of the high school. Watch us win!

Besides playing basketball, the girls take an active interest in bowling. Up till now no great score has been reached, but the twohundred mark is expected to be made in the near future.

—Prof.: If glass were not diathermahous, green-liouses would be well-nigh impossible.

Krenke: How about yellow houses? ―Frances: WouId you care to take a tramp through, the woods?

Kate: Why, Fraances, you know I hate the very sight of a tramp.

How dare you ask such a question!

—George: Are you chewing gum?

Blank: No, sir, I just got my wash. 一Prof.: The first English child in Virginia was Virginia Dare.

What became of her we don’t know.

Speck: She was killed by the 18th Amendment.

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一Prof.: Was there any cliance for Edward to know what his future Parliament would be like?

Art.: No. Prof.: Why not?

Bud: They didn’t have any ouija boards. ―Teddy: What’s a cockerel?

Bear: A male hen.

—Spuds to Pickle: You know nothing; I know twice as much.

—Prof, (after Jumbo had translated a few lines of Latin and offered an explanation quite better than usually): Das war gut Lehmann, das war gut.

Jumbo: O, vergessen sie es doch!

De gustibus non est disputandum. 一High School Grad.: Well, who burned Joan of Arc at the stake?

Harry: The English, of course.

H. S. Grad.: No, you are mistaken.

Harry: Who then?

H. S. Grad.: The British.

—Teacher: Give me a sentence with the word discord.

Alplionso: This cord is mine. 一Moses: Well, son, how are you progressing in algebra?

Zinke: I’ve got a pretty good basement already. 一Don，t put to much confidence in the smooth individual; it is the rough cogs in the wheels that make the clock reliable. 一Friend Wife: You made a New Year’s resolution not to drink anymore!

Hubby: I did.

Friend Wife: But here I see you drinking as much as ever.

Hubby: Well, that isn’t any more, is it?—Ex. 一Guest: Do you serve lobsters here?

Waiter: Yes, sir; we serve everybody. Sit down.—Ex. 一Mother: Now, Willie, if you put this wedding cake under your pillow, what you dream will come true.

Willie: Why can，t I eat the cake and put the pillow over my stomach.

—“Did you notice tliose two new fellows at the boarding-house this morning?”

“Yes; one is a farmer and the other is a city man.”

“How can you tell?”

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**The farmer said: ‘Will you pass the cream, please?，and the city man asked: 'Is there any milk in that pitcher?, ” ―The old-fashioned slate has completely gone out.”

“Not quite. It’s still used in coal bins.”一Ex.

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A Big Cut in Men’s and Young Men’s

SUITS AND OVERCOATS Before the Spring Season Opens Up.

SUITS $30.00 45.00 50.00 60.00 75.00

now $ 19.00 ROW 23.50 now 32.50 now 39.00 now 49.00

OVERCOATS $30.00 45.00 50.00 60.00 75.00

now$19.00 now 28.50 now 32.00 now 39.00 now 49.00

Also Big Reductions on all Men’s Furnishings.

Our stock must be reduced and low prices will do it.

We^emann-Faber-Kaercher Co. Phone 596-2R

Watertown. TVis.

How Does Chiropractic Differ from Other Methods Chiropractic is unique and distinct from every other method.

No simon pure Chiropractor uses a single method or movement taught in any other school.

The principle was discovered by a layman and its science, art, and philosophy developed not only without the aid of any other profession but in spite of their utmost effort to prevent. It stands squarely on its own merits, scorn ing every device or method which would serve to conceal its wonderful efficiency, While its philosophy can be easily understood, the science and art can only be ac­ quired in a reputable resident school. For this reason it cannot be taught by mail. A good baseball fan, one understanding all the rules and regulations of the game, may not be able to catch, toss or bat a ball, and so it is with Chiropractic: There are some very .essential facts which can be only learned bj experience, while the art ot adjusting can only be learned by practice under a mo.st e伍cient instructor and then it comes slowly, requiring much intelligent, painstaking effort, Chiropractic can be distinguished from massage by the surcncss with which the exact vertebra is adjusted. While the masseur rubs, kneads and massages tbs eatire body, the Chiropractor does not rub, knead or massage at all; he gives but a a single quick thrust, and confines his efiort to the spine.

The In the same way Chiropractic can be distinguished from Osteopathy.

Osteopath manipulates the muscles, bones and ligaments of the entire body, while the Chiropracnor confines himself to the segments of the spinal column and do«s not manipulate at all. There is an abundance of document arj- evi­ dence in the form of signed statements from leading Osteopaths which clearly proves the varlence between the methods, as does also the fact that Chiropractic has been recognized as a separate science by the legislatures of twenty states.

While Christian Science is purely spiritual, Chiropractic is both physical and mental. Any Christion Scientist as well as any Chiropractor, will at once dis­ claim any similarity of method.

It differs from suggestive therapeutics in that no suggestion is given and no attention is paid to the mental attitude of the patient, which may range anywhere from extreme skepticism to absolute faith.

While medicine has been variously defined, no theory or practice of medicine ever yet included spinal adjustments. In fact you can easily find good medical authority to prove that the segments of the spine can not be moved.

A very unsuccessful attempt has been made to so define medicine as to include everything used for the cure, relief or alleviation of human suffering, from Christian Science to Optometry; but no definition has ever been made broad enough to include Chiropractic. Chiropractors do not give medicine of any kind under any circumstances.

They want their science to be judged on its own merits.

Consult Your Local Chiropractor ♦

w

HENEVER we take up our pen to write, it is hard to refrain from repeating the same thing we have

so often told you—that:

If ever you buy anything here that is not entirely satisfac­ tory in every respect, we will buy it back from you at full price with an added premium as our sincere thanks for returning it.

CHAS. FISCHER & S關S CO. United SViercantile Store

I

1 Wm9 Gorder Co. I &

£ £ £

^

COAL, WOOD, COKE, SEWER PIPE AND

BUILD3NG MATERIAL 608 Main Street

Telephone 33-1R

3 3 3 3 3 3 3

^ittittiUiUlUiUiUiUiUiUiUiiUiUUiUiUiUiUiUiUiUiUiUiUiUiUR

STAR

Lunch Restaurant 604 MAIN STREET

GOOD MEALS and LIGHT LUNCHES AT REASONABLE PRICES.

Cigars, Cigarettes and Tobacco.

1 Wm_ Schubert, Prop-

Buerger’s Meat Market The Home of Good Sausage Watertown, Wis.

112 Second Street

JOHN G. KNISPEL DEALER IN

Wholesale and Retail

ICE

Moldenhauer

Phone Connoction

WATERTOWN, ROBERT DOERR

If it’s Fire, PMate Class, Automobiles, Burglarly or Live-Stock Insurance See

WIS.

416 Main Street

Watertown, Wis

FELIX LESCH1NGER

Doerr & Leschinger t PLUMBERS Gasfitting and Sewerage 107 Fifth Street

Watertown, Wisconsin

What is a Fair Price Now For Good Clothes?

There are many reasons given for various clothing sales that most men aren’t exactly sure what a fair price should be.

We say it should be based on present replace­ ment prices re­ gardless of what we paid.

The lowest prices in town for qual­ ity clothes

.a

Hart ScL.alfrser & Marx Smh and 〆

Copyright 1920 Hart Schaffner & Marx)

-

Our entire stock of men’s & young men’s wearing ap­ parel has been priced to meet pre­ sent market values Considering the quality , our prices are the -- lowest in town..

Hoffmann Kelly Co. YOUR

CLOTHING

STORE

Ice Cream Candy Soda Box Candies Hot Drinks

01謂圓I Ca^dy Kitchen

ff

it One of the most important ingredients of candy is sugar and the best candies contain the best sugar. Purity is the one re一 .. quisite in candy making and must be ob- ^ served by anyone who mixes these delicaCome in and see our display of bulk and box candies.

Try Our Home-Made Chocolate Coated Cherries.

Boxes Filled on Request '•}：

Come to

Wm. PAPPAS ^ce

201 Mam St.

Phone 294*J il

Hayes & Christensen BILLIARD and POOL _0M Lunch Counter m Cosanection Chewing Gum, Ci垒areMes a^d Tobacco

Julius Bayer Wholesale and Retail DeaJer in

MEATS and SAUSAGES Watertown,

OF ALL KINDS Phone 25

mm ELECTRIC SHOP 116 N. THIRD ST. PHONE 59-W

Buy Your Spring Wants in Footwear

Wisconsin

tye Recommend 6 i

BOSTONIAN，， SHOES FOR

at $pobtt，$ 215 Main St. Leo Reusch & Son

LOW CUT PRICES in Effect Now. Havt yoar feat attended to and walk 丨easy.

210 West Main Street.

LOWER PRICES increase the val­ ues in our display

of

Kuppenheimer Good Clothes Because we have mark­ ed ourclothes on a basis of the Spring 1921* low­ er price levels, you now get the benefit of future reductions. prices .The able you to buy Kuppenheimer good Clothes at substantial savings, No better clothes can be found elsewhere at any prices.

Kuppenheimer Suits am!

Overcoats for Men and Young Men at

BIG REDUCTIONS other leading makes “Clere Clothes** and “Stadium’

E_iiig Reduced 羞靈画獅

ATTRACTIVE STYLE< the day at INSTRUCTOR

(0rgan ^z«nor 班txlitt nnb 呑armtmg 射idrtti 109 &n\n dt. ©Ijlrh JTIaot HOFFMANN BUILDING

CHAS. MOY North Fourth Street Glaus-Jaeger Press

Main A. KALBEBE 616 Street FAMILY SHOE STORE

WhitePalaceBarber Shop First-Class Work

Bert C. Froemming 408 Main SL

Watertown, Wis

界 ^xxbmtk Dealer in

RELIABLE FURNITURE UNDERTAKER AND LICENSED EMBALMER Private Chapel Up-to-Date Equipment 313 MAIN STREET Z.

Phone 54

系^Midlist

Res.1 Phone 51-W

Watertown’s Leading Furniture S-T-O-R-E

Rest Easy Chair B F. C- KECK & CO. 110-112 Main Street.

You will find a complete line of FRUITS of all kinds in scoson et

John £. Heismann CASH GROCER TELEPHONE «

f(5 MAIN STREET

QHAS. HEISMflNN “THE PAINT MAN”

DRUGS = SODAS The Best Drug Store is the Student's Headquarters

Courtesy, Service and Reliability Our Motto.

PAINTER and DECORATOR

HUTH& BANDELIN 204 MAIN ST.

CORRECT

Phone 609-J

Watertown

Picture Framing

KODAKS AND SUPPLIES

108 THIRD STREET

Cigars

For PICTURES of QUALITY li The Denninger Studio

：i

:w

:u

312 BUSY STORES STANDS BETWEEN YOU AND EXHORBITANT PRICES WHEN YOU MAKE YOUR PURCHASES AT ANY l C. PENNEY CO, STORE. ,

The Buying Power OF THESE COMBINED STORES IS REFLECTED IN THE QUALITY OF OUR MERCHANDISE, AND THE LOWNESS OF OUR PRICES.

COME AND SEE FOR YOURSELF THE SAVINGS WE MAKE YOU ON MEN，S WEARING APPAREL.

qA eJ>jcition^eWiclc IrvstitxA^tiOtv

mmm

,

F. E. KOSANKE, M. D. Its MAIN STREET HOURS:— lb 12 A. M

Office Telephone 210-J

2-4 and 7-8 P. M.

Res, Telephone 481-J

“THE ENCORE Recreation Parlors

Billiard and Pool Hall Cigars, Cigarettes, Tobaccos, Refreshments

Lunch Counter in Connection OPEN UNTIL AFTER MIDNIGHT

NICK PAPPAS & CO. 216 Main Street

Telephone 85 PURE SUGAR

HOME MADE

Candies ICE CREAM and SODAS =ETIT;S US

:?

i i

DR. E.丄 HOERMANN

f

DENTIST

COR. FIRST and MAIN STREETS

X-RAY Telephone No. 258

FIRST-CLASS WORK AT

$im Block “Cbe Barber” 115 Third Street

Watertown, Wis.

R. C. Budewitz, Prop.

406 MAIN STREET

Telephone Connection

We keep you looking neat

1921 as before it is our aim to DURING at all times handle merchandise of un­ questionable quality and to render a complete­ ly satisfactory service at all times. Should you at any time receive any merchandise that does not come up to our standard we should appre­ ciate very much to know of it.

BENTZIMS Retailer of Quality Foods

Phone 214

,r. Frank F. S chlueter DENTIST 215 MAIN STREET Otfice Phone 156-W 512.J R«s.

Watertown, Wi».

IF IFS HARDWARE WE HAVE IT Nufff Said

Dr. K. V. Harte DENTIST X-RAY

CIva us a Trial Phone 600.W

Central Block

300 Main Street WATERTOWN, 307 Main St.

WISCONSIN

Watertown, Wis

EVERYTHING in POCKET

Basketball

CUTLERY and RAZORS.

AND ALL KINDS OF

Examine our Line befor buying

Sporting Goods

D.& F. husel Co. Cbe Store of Quality

Salick’s Jeweler

at the Bridge

W. A. NACK FRESH AND SALT MEATS FISH and POULTRY IN SEASON Pbone 19-W

No. 621 Main St.

Shoes Repaired whia it A. SOHRWEIDE 218 West Main Street.

108-110-112 W. Main St.

a.过•wm.mm廬-

\ WM. GEHRKE \ DRUGGIST ^ 315 Main Street.

Watertown, Wis ^

0.3双mmmwjr.ii Watertown’s Exclusive

CROCKERY

AUG. GAMM CROCKERY GO. 400 Main

Basketball and Gymnasium Footwear

I

We Carry the Best Grade and can fit you properly.

•:

$3.25 1.40

Men’s Athletic Shoes “ Tennis Oxfords

?■!

Men’s Tennis Lace Shoes Ladies Oxfords

$1.50

1.20

MEYER，S SHOE STORE GRANT 9S Kohls & Knaak

；：•!

:::

f High Grade Candies

懸

$

V'：

Brick Ice Cream Fruits, Cigars and Cigarettes 407 MAIN ST. GET YOUR

FISHING TACKLE at Winkenwerder’s Hardware Store 207 MAIN STREET

Watertown Creamery Co. _eil&Pastfi_lk&Cream Watertown,

Phone 481-J

|

桷. ii：\ V.

I .

Furniture and Undertaking..

607.613 MAIN SHREET Phone Call 1 50-W Residence Phone 1 65-J

Insurance That Insures

Sieglsr & Kuetiie Insurance Agency Farmers & Citizens Bank -Bldg.

Wisconsin

105 Main Street

The Princess Confectionery GEORGE SPYROS, Proprietor

Icecream, eandics ana WATERTOWN, WIS.

WaMown Shoe Shine Parlor Old Hats Made Now We Clean, Re-Block and Re-Shape Felt and Panama Hats.

We also carry a big： line of

Cigars, Cigarettes and Candies TOM MAKAS 410 Main St.

For Quality and Service GO TO UNION

George Zoelles’

Barber Shop SHOE REPAIR Right Across from Shop

10% Discount for Students 417 Main Street

E. H. COOK, M. D. Practice limited to

EYE, EAR, NOSE AND THROAT

the Postoffice “THE JUNIATA，， WM. SCHIMMEL & SON Carry a full line of CIGARS, TOBACCO AND PIPES WE SOIIOT YOUR PATROHAGE

SPECTACLES AND EYE GLASSES SCIENTIFICALLY FITTED Houra 9 to 4

Olllc«9 Hcrtd& Hoffman BUg.

HIGH GRADE

BUILDING MATERIAL

including Kellastone

Barker Lumber and Fuel Go.

Meyer’s Gallery 114 Third St. A STUDIO THAT ALWAYS PLEASES

120 WEST MAW smn

Ed. Warner EAST END BARBER SHOP. 602 Main St.

Watertown, Wla.

W. D. SPROESSER GO.

JEWELERS Pianos and Victor Victrolas Thonc No. 259-J Ill Main St.

OWEN，S DRUG STORE 412 MAIN STREET NEAR CORNER OF FIFTH

fc==—I

Complete Line of Kodak Supplies

A TRIAL WILL CONVINCE YOU THAT OUR STYLES ARE ALWAYS UP TO THE MINUTE.

Bring in your films for de­ veloping and printing.

24 hour service.

THE WHOLE FAMILY will find enjoyment in one of our fine instruments.

Nothing can give such real pleasure as music in the home.

WE HAVE A BEAUTIFUL LINE OF

Pianos，Player-Pianos and Phonographs Player>Rolls and Phonograph Records

Easy Payments

Joo^ya 119-121 Water Street (Established 1870)

Drs. A- & M. Schlueter

DENTISTS 313 Main Street

Watertown, Wls.

F. J. KOSER BAKER THE PLACE WHERE THEY MAKE GOLDEN CRUST BREAD 111 Second Street

THE BLACK and RED « NOW LEADS 'EM ALL A THE OLD LaFLORA 10 Cents

Telephone 502-W

STUDENTS!

SCHLU EJ ER BROS.

Smoke

Wilkowski Bros

deposit your funds with this bank and make all payments by check.

No matter how small--your account will receive careful attention.

High Life Cigar A. WIGGENHORN & SON

JEWELERS

Bank of Watertown “The Oldest Bank in Watertown”

-

The Greatest Musical Event Ever Attempted

FRITZ KREISLER the Eminent Violinist COLLEGE AUDITORIUM

March 4th 1921 WATERTOWN，S

GREATEST BARGAIN STORE GEORGE C. HOLTZ & CO., Prop.

MAX WEGEMANN，Manager

Dry Goods, Ladies’ and Gents’ Furnishings, Shoes, Rubbers and Notions.

New Brown up-to-date English and Blucher Shoes from

$5.95 to $7.95

I

A SAVING PLAN FOR EVERY MAN ..• AT THE …

Merchants National Bank WATERTO\WN, WIS.

Baggggfg

The nn，First-Class Barber 15c Haircuts 25c EXCEPT SATURDAYS HAIRCUTS 35c

irate Candies, Cigars and Cigarettes.

PAULH.BEHLKE

NYAL The Corner Druggist 811(1 Store Watertown, Wis. Syppllec

0. F. KURZWEG DEALER IN

FINE BOOTS, SHOES AND RUBBERS. • Please Give Us a Trial We Try to Give Satisfaction

ER&TETZLAFF Drugs

402 Main St.

Mutchler’s Grocer) CARRY A FULL LINE OF

STAPLE AND FANCY GROCERIES Phone 75-W

413 Western Av

ege Athletic Supply Co. FINE

Ball,

Basket Bali, Foot Ball, Tennis Supplies

on request

Milwaukee, Wis.

$

:-六l::觀

THE

田0规)R[0

^---------------

Farewell number

TABLE OF CONTENTS POEM Reason

313

LITERARY At Last__________________ The Life of Arthur Young...

Prayers and Promises____ The Federal Reserve System

313 310 323 330

EDITORIALS Exit Volume XXIV. A New President__ One Language?___

333

ALUMNI......................................

3H 7

COLLEGE NOTES..............

ATHLETICS......................

EXCHANGES.....................

LOCALS............................

CO-ED NOTES....................

339

CAMPUS AND CLASS-ROOM

355

:m

3冬3

348 3:)1 353

；r fi'T

INDEX. Alumni--------------------------------------------- 25. 66. 103, 132, 161, 189, 217, 256, 294, 337 237 Anger Steels, Pardon Softens Hearts 39 Arizona------------------------------------------31, 70, 110, 137, 168, 195, 222, 261, 299, 343 Athletics— 313 At Last — 126 Awake! Danger Ahead!

251 Awakening g. The----------156 Autumn __ 56 Barring Classical Music From the American Stage 22 Beauty of Thought Has Fled------------------------------•252 Blue Laws, The----------37, 78. 119. 142, 174, 204, 232, 268, 308, 355 Campus and Classroom.37, 77, 118, 142, 173, 203, 231, 267, 307, 363 Co-eds Notes___________ 26, 63, 105, 134, 163, 192, 219, 256, 296, 339 College Notes_________ 10 Course of Events, The. .263 Crime Wave. The-------98 Educational Valuation .

22, 56, 98, 129, 156, 186, 213, 251, 333 Editorials__ 29^ Eine Christ enverfolgung 33, 73, 115, 139, 169, 200, 227, 262, 303, 348 Exchanges.

•333 Exit Volume XXIV _________________________ ；_128 Fable, A____________________________________ .. 330 Federal Reserve System, The________________ 163 Football_____________________________________ 18 Foster and His Songs________________________ •245 Geschlchte des heiligen Grals, Die----------------20 Greetings ___________________________________ 89 Griindung der Lutherischen Kirche in America 67 Heligoland_______________________ 59 Inter-church World Movement, The .316 Life of Arthur Young, The_______ .282 Lincoln's Boyhood Loca .35, 75, 116, 140, 171, 201, 229, 265, 305, 351 ________________________________________ 280 Man of the Revolution, The------■271 Maurice De Fontenelle-----------.211 Mental Parasite, The-------------.209 Message of Christmas Bells, The Meyer, Herman, Prof.--------------334 New President, A--------------------48 Night Before the Dawn, The-----•335 One Language? _______________ ...216 Our Musical Organizations------49 • legt die Geminde Schulen-----

: ::

111! ::

i •j

:

Phil08ophia Obiter Libata a Deo Abduclt; Sed Funditus Exhausta ad Deum Ducit 95 Plymouth Colony, The .184 Prayers and Promises .323 Race After Riches, The ■100 Reason ____________________________________ •311 ReformB __________________________________ .214 Richard the Lion Hearted on the Third Cruside .284 Rose, Die-------------- -----------------------------------45 Sarcasm______ 187 Schleicher, Fredr Ic J. 81 Seminary Notes — 108, 191, 295 Simplex Munditlis 22 Spirit of Christmas, The. 213 Sprinter, Tbe------81 Sollen wir Teilnehmen an den Allgemeinen Volkerbund? .167 Suffrage Amendment, The----------------------------------------.130 3 Tale of the Yukon, A------ ----------------------------------------.180 Thanks giving .177 Thanksgiving of a Banker’s Son, The--------------------------•121 There's & Tide in the Affairs of Men--------------------------.235 Thoughts on the New Year-------------------------------------.248 To Play or Not to Play, That is the Question----------------.145 Two College Chums------------------------------------------------.209 Waif, The-------------------------------------------------------------13 When Love Ruled Revenge----------------------------------------.290 Why Are Our American Musicians Not More Appreciated?

83 Wisconsin Idea, The---------- -------------------------------------,102 Year, A ---------------------------------------------------------------

REASON. Man, always longing and wishing for greatness And for the greatest renown in the land, Sought with his reason to grasp and to capture Objects too great to be gained by his hand.

Thus as the years with fleetness were rolling, Man o’er the realms of the earth held his sway; And he attained through the grace of his Maker Mastery, such that his voice all obey.

Ages have passed, and still man is ruling; But, oh how differently now than before.

Reason suppresses his sense in a stupor, And he remembers his Lord God no more.

Sad is the plight of the earth’s generation, Who grows emboldened through knowledge and power, Wishing by reason to be their own masters, Conscience suppressing, are slaves that must cower.

Reason, a fickle and changeable maiden, Leads on but blindly to falsehood and doubts, And一neither sure, neither steady nor stable一 Shatters convictions and theories routs.

•Nobody doubts his own mind though it fail him, But the one fact some discard as a lore; God their Creator, who made them and loves them, Was not, or lives not now any more.

—311—

2m,

Reason has duped men, and still they obeying Follow its dictates with credulous faith.

God, who has made them, their reason denieth, And they ignore him; his goodness berate.

This now is reason which people is swaying, Trusting, they harbor it till it’s too late; Fast to the conscience it clings tightly, choking Even the last tiny vestige of faith.

We shall not trust such a perilous leader— God sent his Son, who to save us was born.

We. know He rose from the grave that was trying Vainly our Savior to hold Easter morn.

He is our leader, His doctrine we follow, For He has taught us salvation to gain.

This has no rational treatise endeavored, All efforts are futile, all struggles in vain.

E. J.，21.

—312—

j

THE BLACK AND RED

Volume XXIV.

Watertown, Wis., March 1921.

Number 10

AT LAST. A. R. Hillmer, ’21.

The little village of Aarldal lay snow-covered, quiet, and peace­ ful in the fertile mountain region of southern Norway. The mid­ winter sun was fast declining behind the western hills. A few straggling rays, breaking through the trees, lingered caressingly a few moments on field and meadow and cliff; then disappeared.

On one of the many picturesque peaks that overtopped the little village, sat a maiden gazing dreamingly, immovably west ward. Oblivious to outside influence, to the approaching dusk and chill air, like Phaethon, she sat wishing for the golden sun-chariot of Phoebus to carry her to the land of the setting sun; and yet unlike Phaethon, because her wish was not fulfilled; and her thoughts carried her safely there. With a heavy sigh, a last long­ ing glance to the westward, and a farewell look at her observatory, Olga Lund descended the mountain-side.

-313-

This was to be her last visit to her favorite spot where the world had been her stage, and she had played according to the vagaries of her fancy the part of the hero, the heroine, or the vil­ lain of the many books she had read. The low-hanging clouds above her were her magic carpet, which carried her from the Turk­ ish knights to the daring cowboys of her dream-West. In fact there was no flower-bedecked meadow nor bejeweled castle into which her fertile and lively imagination did not transform her quiet retreat. Yet it was with a feeling not entirely of sadness that she bade it good-bye.

Harald Gnudson, son of the village pastor, and pride of the villagers because pf his prowess in all outdoor sports, had two years before surprised the villagers out of their complacency by refusing to pursue his studies in preparation for the ministry. For the great outdoors called to- him with an almost irresistible appeal, and the interest in his studies was' mainly kept alive by great ex­ ertion of force on his part. To his father, however, the son’s de­ cision was not unexpected; and the quiet grey-haired Lutheran, knowing that love for his chosen work was of prime importance if that worjc were to be well done, willingly let his son choose his own field of action. For he had imbued into his son the spirit that true greatness lay in the inner man and not in his outward asso­ ciations. With, high hopes, and Olga’s promise that she would follow him as soon as he liad succeeded locked in his breast; with nineteen years behind him and with the whole world before him,— Harald had set out boldly for the new world, the wonderland, Amer­ ica. It was now two years that he was gone. Olga had just re­ ceived a letter from him in which he stated that lie had a home in readiness for her on a farm in the outskirts of Boston, and that lie expected her on the next outgoing liner.

As she skipped homewards, her letter clasped tightly to her bosom, Olga’s heart seemed to miss a beat in its racing eagerness.

Entering the house, she found her mother busily making the final preparations for the journey, while her father was seated before the fire, comfortably smoking his pipe. After all had been put in readiness for the departure on the morrow, and all had ranged themselves round the fire, Olga took from the shelf her violin一 for she was an accomplished musician. She filled the room with light and airy strains, that called memories of by-gone days back to the ininds of her grey-haired listeners. By and by the air be—314—

came more subdued as though qualified by some deep emotion.

Olga seemed to falter, her arm did not want to respond. Suddenly, perhaps because of the memories the music called up in her own mind, or out of joy that her dream was soon to be realized, or out of grief that she must leave her parents,she burst into tears. Her mother, realizing the tumult in her daughter’s heart, insisted on her going to bed; and sat, with her father, until late into that night, looking into the future and praying to their Lord that their child might come to no harm. The next day, after a prayerful and tearful farewell, Olga was on her way across the ocean.

Meanwhile on the other side of the Atlantic, Harald found time amid his various duties to engage in his favorite sport, skat­ ing. With him, skating was an art. As a painter seeks to ex­ press his feelings by means of his brush, so Harald sought to give his moods expression through his skating. On the day before Olga was due to arrive, a great ice meet was held, where many of the noted athletes from all parts of the United States met, and whither, as was to be expected, Harald also went. Many were the rousing cheers that the accomplished skaters brought fortH from the multi­ tude of spectators. Many a feat that called for both skill and bravery of the highest order went round; and the ardor of compe­ tition caused the excitement to run high.

But as Harald was making the broad high-jump an accident suddenly dampened the enthusiasm. Intently watching the oncom­ ing skater, all failed to notice a little child innocently follow its strayed plaything into the very path of the skaters. And Harald himself, before he preceived the hazardous position of the child, was already in the air. Without a moment’s hesitation he, by dint of great effort, wrenched his body to the side; he saved the child, but fell headlong with a sickening thud. A hurried, examination by a doctor who chanced to be among the spectators disclosed a broken shoulder and a few minor injuries. Willing hands soon found the means of conveying him to the city hospital.

Now these happenings were entirely at variance with the plans and expectations of Olga. The ship having safely docked, Olga had passed the custom officials and was now eagerly seeking for the face of Harald. Contrary to his statement in his letter, that he would meet her directly upon her arrival, he was nowhere to be seen. Although her trust was not so ill-founded that it could be uprooted by this disappointment, she nevertheless found herself —315—

^:Belt j in an unenviable position. Inexperienced in the ways of the city, a stranger in a strange land, she found her air castles crystallized into a crowded, uninviting street, the cold north wind with furious blasts whirling the snow into her face. She was ignorant of the fact that Harald had sent his friend, Dr. Swenson, to meet her, but that lie had been unavoidably detained and was now diligently searching for her. Deeply absorbed in thought, she was making her way down the street when a taxicab, skidding round the icy corner, struck her and hurled her to the pavement. A crowd of solicitous spectators soon gathered about the hapless maiden, all willing to help yet uncertain as to what to do when Dr. Swenson elbowed his way through the crowd. Acting on the information he had gathered from the custom officials, he had arrived just in time to be of service. Prom the description given him by Harald, lie immediately realized that here was the person for whom he had been searching. Without wasting a moment, he had her placed in a taxicab and hurriedly ruslied to the City Hospital. Olga’s condition was for some time quite critical, not wholly due to physi­ cal injuries but largely due to the great nervous strain to which she had been subjected. Now, however, when she was notified that Harald was in the same hospital with her, a marked improvement soon was noticeable. In a few weeks they joyfully set out for their home, doubly dear to them because made by Harald’s own hands, where “They want no guests; they needs must be Each <other’s own best company.”

i

THE LIFE OF ARTHUR YOUNG. W. P. Holzhausen, ’21.

.Volumnious accounts are written about the lives of the world’s mighty rulers and the glorious deeds of great generals and renowned statesmen, but little mention is ever made of the plain citizen who willingly sacrifices his time and energy in a sincere effort to promote the interest of liis fellowmen. It is not, how­ ever, the aim of the historians to show any partiality for the for­ mer in their seeming neglect of the latter; but as they usually wish to confine their productions within reasonable limits, for a work —316—

containing a record of all the events that have occurred since his­ tory has been recorded would be far too comprehensive to be of any practical value, they are forced to select only such material as is absolutely essential for a proper understanding of the government and the progress of the human race. Still we may gain some knowledge of public benefactors /whose activities u-nfbrtunately do not appear on the pages of history, from contemporary liter­ ature or from their own writings, either autobiographical or on subjects in which they happened to be interested. Such is the case in reading the memoirs and other numerous writings of Ar­ thur Young.

Perhaps no one has done more to revolutionize the agricultural methods in Europe as they were practiced in the eighteenth cen­ tury than Arthur Young, who through exhaustive experiments and generous assistance greatly relieved the wretched conditions of the poor in England and who through extensive writings encouraged the noblemen of Europe in developing the vast unimproved areas of their dominions. The practical hints contained in his works gave them an authoritative value and made them so popular that shortly after they were issued they were translated into several languages and were eagerly read by all the progressive agricultur­ ists of Europe. But in his eager desire to improve conditions among the rural people of England, he did more than merely pro­ mulgate new ideas. As soon as his reputation as an authority on all agricultural questions was firmly established, he looked about for new fields to which he might direct his efforts. His intimate connection with influential men in Parliament gave him an ex­ cellent opportunity to be of inestimable service to his fellowmen.

Through his clear insight and unusual powers of discernment lie had the faculty of correctly judging which laws would be beneficial and which would be detrimental to the best interests of his country.

Accordingly, he used liis great influence in advising for or against the adoption of certain, measures as they were brought up for dis­ cussion in the houses of Parliament. Nor was his advice rejected by the great statemen of his time. Even the mighty Pitt and the eloquent Burke often consulted with him and usually followed the suggestions he offered, for his opinions were always found to be unbiased and his advice sound and logical. Thus, although he is given little credit in, history, he in reality played an important role in bringing about rational legislation and in sidetracking resolu—317—

tion8 which would have worked great liarm had they been placed on the statute book.

Bom in London on Sept. 11, 1741, from respectable parents, who made up in affection what they lacked in wealth, Arthur Young spent his childhood in that vicinity and at Bradfield. The elder Young was solicitous about the education of his offspring, but, nevertheless, that young person received more indulgence than in­ struction, though he did succeed in cultivating a taste for good liter­ ature. At this time tlie lad entertained serious thoughts of enter­ ing the clergy, but his studies came to an abrupt close when his father apprenticed him to a mercantile establishment at Lynn. This arrangement was quite distasteful to Arthur until he was initiated into the social life of the town where' lie soon won the hearts of everyone through his vivacious and lively manners. Being a hand­ some youth and well-informed on all topics of interest, he was an agreeable companion and a general favorite in society. As his moderate allowance did not supply him with all the luxuries he craved for, his ingenuity was soon taxed to invent some legitimate means of increasing his income. It did not, however, take his ac­ tive brain long to solve the difficulty. By compiling a number of political tracts and pamphlets lie earned a considerable sum of noney, most of which, to his credit, he spent in purchasing books.

At the age of twenty the loss of his father caused him to sever relations at Lynn.

He now] rather imprudently launched a monthly publication in London, which died in its infancy, but Young fortunately managed to dispose of his share in the venture without suffering any serious loss. His mother, acting upon well-grounded fears that her son was being influenced to accept a position in a cavalry regiment, then induced him to take charge of her estate at Bradfield. Here he commenced his rural occupations, which gave him a settled pur­ pose in life and decided the course of all his subsequent actions.

His first efforts in the agricultural world were not crowned with success, but repeated losses and failures did not discourage him. By a curious trick of fate he very ably instructed others how to make money at farming, but he nearly always was impoverished when he applied the same methods himself. Being an unusually active person, lie directed much of his attention and resources to the reclamation of waste land in England. But his investments never brought him any satisfactory returns, perhaps because of —318—

the fact that his energy was applied to too many great projects at tlie same time, for the successors to his farms made fortunes out of them by merely carrying out the plans as they had been clearly outlined by him. In his untiring zeal to acquire the experience which, he seemed to lack, he began a systematic tour of England, on which he was always careful to observe the methods that were successful in particular neighborhoods and seemed indefatigable in liis observations and inquiries. The chemistry of the different soils, the rotation of crops and the influence of climate conditions on different grains and vegetables were particularly noted by him with a view of later applying his acquired knowledge to practice, and above all, to create a wide-spread and intelligent interest in the development of agriculture as a science. In addition to these mani­ fold tasks, he found time to write and publish accounts of his trav­ els. These writings were expressed in a clear, lucid language and were considered valuable expositions, since their author was ab­ solutely impartial and since lie presented only such facts as came to his notice from actual experience. What makes his works still more interesting is his peculiar way of weaving personal observa­ tions and questions on political economy into his narrations. It is a proof of his greatness that many extracts from his writings are classed as masterpieces in literature, which is remarkable when one considers that much of liis work was hurriedly written on ac­ count of the pressure of his numerous duties. He was never con­ tent to be idle a moment.

While managing a farm at North Minims he accepted the posi­ tion of reporter to a London newspaper of the debates in Parli­ ament, and twice each week walked the distance of seventeen miles which separated his home from his new field of activities.

The prodigious amount of work which he finished in a compara­ tively short space of time is probably due to his regular habits, for he early realized the importance of method and regularity in every pursuit of life. He rarely was up later than ten o’cloct at night and was up again at three or four in the morning, After a cold plunge in a pond regardless of the outdoor temperature, lie spent several hours with his books before the average man thought of leaving his comfortable bed. This practice he continued, though his friends often remonstrated witli him, until blindness and old age forced him to change his habits.

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In 1776 Young made a tour of Ireland. As his reputation of being an authority on everything pertaining to agriculture was by this time pretty well established, he was cordially received on his arrival, and was thus enabled to make a thorough study of that productive country. It was customary for him to keep a private journal of all his tours, in which he recorded many curious anec­ dotes and circumstances, describing the manners and customs of the people he met. He also collected specimens of soil and min­ erals with which he later performed many valuable experiments.

But unfortunately, through the rascality of a servant his extensive Irish collection was stolen upon his return to England. Still in spite of this sad loss, he succeeded in publishing his Irish Tour, a work that received high commendation from the most critical judges. As a direct result the corn bounties were gradually reduced, which meant an annual saving of thousands of dollars for the Irish, but as usual, Young received no remuneration for his valuable services.

He now directed all his efforts to bringing the family estate at Bradfield into a flourishing condition. Up to this time he had been harassed with debts, as practically his only income was the money derived from the sale of his books, tlie greater share of which he spent in relieving those whom he considered more un­ fortunate than himself. But gradually, by practicing the strictest economy, he managed to put his finances on a firm basis. In 1783 he began one of the greatest works of his life, the publication of his celebrated Annals of Agriculture. Besides his extensive literary and manual labors, he cheerfully devoted liis spartime to instruct­ ing a number of Russian and French noblemen in English agri­ cultural methods. As he long had contemplated a journey through France to study the rural conditions in that country, he set out on his mare in 1788, covering nearly four thousand miles with no other conveyance. After a few days travel liis horse became blind, but he was too humane to sell her; so he was obliged to travel on the back of his blind mare. The following year, the memor­ able 1789, he again journeyed to France in order to make a com­ plete survey of that kingdom. Although the terrible revolution was already in progress, lie was not disconcerted, but went serenely on his way. In his journay he remarks that it was inconvenient to travel in a country so “unsettled”，yet he would not turn back and finally reached Toulon where he embarked for northern Italy.

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Upon his return to England he published his Travels in France, which is historically of great value, since in it the conditions of France at the beginning of the Revolution are truthfully portrayed.

After he was once more settled at Bradfield, he received corres­ pondence from Washington and La Fayette, who relied on him to assist them in solving some very perplexing agricultural problems.

In 1793 the Board of Agriculture was created by Act of Par­ liament and Young was appointed as secretary with a salary of four hundred pounds a year. The offer was not very attractive to Young, since lie was required to live in London a great deal and .since he would be constantly hampered in doing efficient work by some ignorant and impartial members of the board. He also was loath to leave his comfortable home at Bradfield and only con­ sented to accept the position with the conviction that by doing so he could do liis country a great service.

Arthur Young had married Martha Allen of Lynn in 1765, but in the choice of a life partner he was singularly unfortunate, in fact the matrimonial venture was unhappy from the outset. He rarely speaks of her in his momoirs, though he occasionally makes a remark concerning her intractable temper. Still she must not be censured too severely, for though he had always been a dutiful son and a devoted father to his children, he proved a very indif­ ferent husband. As lie was away from home very often, Mrs. Young suffered greatly from neglect. He often forgot to provide her with the bare necessities of life in his over-zealous endeavor to relieve the misfortunes in the poor. Nevertheless, lie was greatly affected by her death, which occurred in 1815 after a long illness.

Until the year 1797 Young trusted in the force and vigor of his mind alone, utterly disregarding any serious thought about an after life. His mother was a very pious woman and was greatly esteemed by her son, but in religious matters her associations did not influence him. Even when he had recuperated from a violent fever, he lived on as before in perfect hardness of heart and in a state of spiritual blindness and insensibility. It was not till he lost his favorite daughter, Martha, through death that lie began to realize the grave error of his past life. He now began feverishly to read all tlie religious books and tracts he could obtain, which relieved the tense strain of his mind to a considerable degree; yet it was not till he made the acquaintance of several celebrated clergymen that he found the faith which alone brings perfect peace ——321—

of mind. He assiduously read portions of the Scripture daily and denied himself many innocent pleasures which he formerly enjoyed.

It was his wish to spend the remainder of his life in.* privacy, medi­ tation and retirement, with nothing but his newly found faith to comfort him,，After a time, however, wlien the first effects of his bereavement had disappeared, he found pleasure in giving alms to the poor, feeding as many as three score hungry children in one day. Yet, although he appeared quite sincere in his profession of Christ, he was* treading on dangerous ground, for he was fast be­ coming a religious fanatic. Besides, in neglecting his earthly du­ ties； he was censured by His fellowmen, who were not in a posi­ tion to sympathize with his radical change of life.

His career as a public benefactor was not, however, ended by any means. Being alone much, lie applied himself to his literary pursuits, especially to his Elements, on which he had been work­ ing diligently for thirty years.| In a certain community where there was no employment for the girls, he introduced the art of straw-plaiting, whicli proved to be a great blessing for the poor cottagers. As lie was still on the Board of Agriculture, it was often necessary for him to travel extensively about England, and to make lengthy reports of the conditions as lie found them. He also con­ ferred with the leading men in Parliament and gave them much zaluable advice.

In 1807 his eyesigh t gradually began to fail; so he was obliged :o hire a secretary, though lie still insisted on doing much of the writing himself. As his affliction constantly grew worse, lie be­ came very restless and despondent, for during three score years he had cultivated such a habit of incessant employment that his forced idleness seemed irksome. An operation was performed on his eyes to remove a cataract, which, might have restored the use of his eyes had not an unfortunate accident destroyed all hope of restoring his sight. A week after tlie operation his most trusted friend, the Rev. Wilberforce, related to liim the sad news of the death, of the Duke of Grafton, which affected Young so deeply that he burst into tears. He now became totally blind, in which, con­ dition he spent his last days in London where he died in 1820, hav­ ing reached the advanced age of seventy-nine years.

Although he did more for the public good than perhaps any man of his time, lie received very little remuneration for the sacri­ fices he made. The government which lie faithfully served barely —322—

recompensed him for the expenses he incurrd in its service. Num­ erous medals and honorary titles were granted him by national or­ ganizations and foreign societies, but he never coveted such earthly honors. His highest reward rested in the firm belief that, while doing his duty as it becomes a Christian, hundreds of grateful people included him in their daily prayers.

PKAYEKS AND PROMISES. C. F. Bolle,，21.

When Boston was still in its youth, buildings and streets were roughly and hurriedly constructed to accommodate the thronging immigrants which poured into it with the arrival of every ship.

One of these hurried products was Maple Street. To begin with our story, however, we must go almost to the southern limits of this notable street. Two small houses were huddled closely to­ gether as though they feared the loneliness of the forsaken dis­ trict. In the one abode dwelt the Rosses, in the other, the smaller, the Marshes. While the two mothers were in their respective houses tending to the work before them, castles, mountains, fort­ resses and structures of all shapes were erected and destroyed in Ross’s sand-pile by two tiny artchitects and destructors, Milton Ross and Evelyn Marsh.

A score of years later, the houses were still standing, but great­ ly humbled in the aristocratic company of pompous edifices. The Rosses and the Marshes, changed by twenty years of hardships, still inhabited them. The flight of twenty years had carried Milton to the Boston Seed Company, of which he was now chief horticul­ turist; and Evelyn to a perch in the upper-story of a down-town office, as stenographer. Hours, days and weeks scurried hurriedly along to the event which they and their parents had long been awaiting—their marriage. _ — The course of these true lovers also did not run smoothly. For, just as they were planning the marriage festival, Milton received orders to leave for Ecuador to do some experimenting for a year.

It was sad news. Milton could not take Evelyn along with. him.

Neither did he deem it wise to marry quickly and leave her. Con­ sequently the marriage was postponed till he should return—a year hence.

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When the deep, cavernous groans of the S. S. Southland an­ nounced its readiness to leave, Milton tore himself away, let Evelyn drop tearful into her parents’ arm, and hastily walked across the gang-plank. Before Milton left, however, he had promised Evelyn three things, which seemed to him easy enough to keep: to pray for her in his every petition, to write diligently, and above all, to return in a year.

Within a week, the frail, weatherbeaten craft was plowing southward in calm, tropical waters. The unusual calm that per­ vaded the ocean was a subject of universal discussion. No one denied himself the pure air outside. Everywhere on the decks groups were formed laughing at the humorous bits of some story.

A large number of passengers glided over the deck to tlie meas­ ured strains of a string trio, while a number equally large stood and merriment of the passengers, round1 as spectators. The hilarity ] however, had no effect on Milton Ross. Although he was in the tepid waters of the Atlantic beyond the Antilles, his heart was still in Boston.

While Milton sauntered gloomingly along the upper-deck one day, he noticed one of his fellow-travelers without the contented look of the remaining passengers. This passenger sat aloof from babbling tongues looking blankly into the hazy horizon. Milton’s sympathy was aroused. His determination to speak with the man grew more and more, and, wishing to begin a conversation, which might detract the thoughts of both from their respective sorrows, he moved up to him and said: “Whicli part of South America are you bound for?”

The man deflected his gaze but a moment and then again riv­ eted his eyes to the western horizon.

“Argentina?” continued Milton. .This time the one addressed forsook liis stolid pose, and, look­ ing squarely at Milton, nodded his assent.

The conversation which ensued, revealed to Milton tlie strang­ er^ name, Ralph Hadley, and the news that lie was bound for Ar­ gentina to forget, or rather, to try to forget, an unhappy affair.

In the meantime the sun, glowing a fiery-red, was rapidly setting.

“I believe we are due for a change of weather,” declared the ever-observant Milton.

Do Ralph started and his face took on an expression of awe: —324—

you know wliat that means—see that black cloud forming in the distance?”

“What is it—a hurricane?” asked Milton anxiously.

“A hurricane.”

The cloud thickened on the brow of the sky and behind it sank the sun unperceived. A fearful hush settled on board. Noth­ ing but the regular chug of the engine was now audible. Anguish crowded out carefree merriment. The cloud hovered in the hori­ zon awhile, as if debating with itself which course to take. Then suddenly a stentorian voice rang out from the tower: “It is com­ ing this way!”

The passengers left the decks and huddled together in fright­ ened groups inside, when they found that the black furious cloud had centered its wrath upon their weak craft. The storm was up­ on them. Two men, however, remained aloof from the compact groups and prayed fervently together; they were Milton Ross and Ralph Hadley. Shrieks and yells issued forth from all corners.

Prayers and liberal promises in divers languages to unheard of gods and goddesses, together with heart-rending curses jumbled to­ gether in awful dissonance. Here sat a mother, her arms filled with curious children, silently awaiting her doom, there, on a sack which contained his entire riches, sat a greedy infidel and cursed the spray that dampened his face, the ocean, from which it came, the wind which caused it, the ship which tossed him about, and mankind and all its kin to all eternity. The passengers clung to railings and everything that v/as strong enough to bear their weight, as the vessel rolled and pitched. The craft was now but a ball in the hands of the angry ocean, which tossed and pitched it about mercilessly. The captain of the vessel came amidships as We are doomed, prepare to die!” pale as death and cried out: A hopeless wail broke from all who heard the terrible truth.

The ship already leaked like a sieve. At length a wave higher than usual capsized the vessel and threw the passengers into the seeth­ ing waters. Dead bodies floated about in countless numbers.

“Milton! Milton Ross!—straight ahead—here!” cried Ralph Hadley, who had caught hold of a floating log.

Milton heard and swam— —rather, he was flung to the side of his newly acquired friend. When he had at length won the log he ordered: “Let the wind take us where it wills; God is in the wind.”

All night long God watched over them in answer to their in—325—

cessant prayers. And then, with tlie gradual paling of the inky blackness, the storm began to abate. Quiet and more quiet grew the ocean. Soon all was calm—the hush over the graves. Sud­ denly from the east to the west sped the messengers of dawn. It was a wonderfully beautiful sight, and yet sad, probably from the very excess of its beauty. The same sun that dawned this morn­ ing on two struggling, shipwrecked men, had set last night for the last time for the remainder of the passengers.

“Land!” shouted Ralph joyfully. The sight of it from the very jaws of deaths warmed his chilled limbs.

“It surely is iand!” rejoiced Milton. And immediately he prayed: “O God, thou hast preserved us thus far, do not now for­ sake us within sight of land.”

They advanced very slowly now: for the storm which all night liad driven them hurriedly along had subsided.

As they drew nearer, mountains, trees and the shoreline became more distinct. **Why that’s only an island,” declared Milton.

“It looks that way from here.”

• It truly was an island, measuring not more than seven miles in length.

When they finally dragged themselves over the rocks on shore, thousands upon thousands of fowls started up and twittered and chattered excitedly at the first human beings they had ever seen.

• The wild, disorderly vegetation, the pungent balm that weighed down the air, the mountains which loomed lip in the background, the firs that strove} in vain to reach the summit, had no charm for the two exhausted survivors. No! For as soon as they had climbed over the rocks on shore they fell asleep in the genial warmth of the tropical sunshine.

The isle was a beautiful spot, white-flowered magnolias grew everywhere, while a certain species of willows leaned over the banks of rivulets and estuaries and were reflected in them. Also palms of many varieties and hundreds of trees of which they had never heard the name, grew in the' dank earth, and round their trunks multi-colored vines and creepers had curled up and now lay sun­ ning themselves on the tops. In the dense and well-nigli impene­ trable vegetation lurked poisonous reptiles of all sorts. The mud­ dy banks of sluggish rivulets revealed hundreds of lazy, basking crocodiles. The mosquito, however, that grew unusually large in —326—

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the steaming, desolate swamps, proved the most vexatious to the two forlorn survivors.

On the day following the disaster, the terrible news was read throughout the United States. In two little houses on Maple Street, two families bewailed Milton Ross, who was safe and sound on a little island in the Caribbean.

“Cruel, cruel, my Milton can not have perished!” cried Evelyn hysterically. She could not, she would not believe the terrible tid­ ings. But with the lapse of days she became more and more con­ vinced that Milton must have perished. Eventually she discarded all hopes of ever again hearing from him.

On returning to the island, we find Milton and Ralph berthed in a cave high up in the mountains. They chose this encampment, for, from here they were able to peer far out into the sea and watch for their one chance of escape—a ship. On a ledge of the cave which hung forth somewhat, they had with much labor started a fire by means of two sticks. In order to avoid the difficult task of starting it anew every morning and in order readily to signal their distress to a passing ship, this fire burned continually.

There was, however, yet a third survivor of the wreck, Milton’s pocket-knife. Armed with this single blade they confronted Hunger. Fruits, nuts, cocoanut milk, tortoise eggs and fish, whicl1 they clubbed, comprised their daily menu.

The days passed slowly enough. The ten months which Mil ton and Ralph had spent on the isle seemed like that many years By means of a deep ditch which they concealed with a thin network of leaves and branches they caught even the wariest of the animal kingdom. On several of the exploratory trips they found gold nug­ gets. But of what use were these? Had a wild goose settled near them, I doubt not a bit, that they should have thrown the valuables at it. Had it not been for the occasional pleasant and thrilling surprises, life would have been unbearable. Milton kept at least one of his promises. Although Evelyn was included in each of his prayers, the thoughts that he should never again see her seemed to become a reality.

During this time a handsome young admirer, who had read of Milton’s death, was seen rather often with Evelyn Marsh. He was Raymond Sands. The sudden death of his father made him the sole heir of great wealth. This lie now placed at Evelyn’s feet and asked her to share, it with him. But, although, she had long given —327—

|rW3la^ ¥_漁^11 up Milton as dead, she nevertheless remained true to her promise to wait a year for him. Again and again she heard Raymond’s proposals; again and again she told him to wait. On the eve of August 20, eleven months after the shipwreck, she told Raymond that she would give her definite answer on the first of October.

One morning while Ralph and Milton were lounging round their fire and watching penguins and gulls of all descriptions swoop round their house-top, a ship peeped over the horizon.

“A ship! a ship! Put some wood on the fire!” burst out Milton, jumping up. “If we miss this chance, we shall have to end our days here.”

Throwing the ever-ready piles of brush on the fire, they soon had a dense cloud of smoke curling into the quiet air.

“They have seen it—they’re changing their course!” cried Ralph.

Blinded by joy to all danger, they bounded down the moun­ tain-side in reckless haste. They tore the skin shirts from their backs, attached them to poles, and flagged the oncoming fishingcraft.

Since the water was too shallow for the craft, the captain ordered 砀 launch to be lowered, and, with three of liis crew, he set out for the shore.

“Quien esta usted?” asked the captain when within hailingdistance.

“Americanos!” answered Milton, who was a Spanish scholar.

“We have gold, you shall have all of it if you take us back to civilization. Get the gold, Ralph!n This coaxed the men ashore.

“We are about eighteen leagues from Colon,” imparted the captain.

“Colon, Colon, get us to Colon and this gold is yours.”

The captain’s eyes flashed greedily at the nuggets which Ralph displayed before him. “Convenido!” said he as lie grabbed them both by the hands.

Having arrived at Colon, the captain was vastly overpaid for his help. Milton immediately went to the American Consul; bor/owed a large sum of money; outfitted himself and friend, and set Mit for the docks. It was a pleasure for them to see multitu亡叩oi people again. Doubled was their joy when they heard their na­ tive language spoken. Since Milton’s ship already lay in waiting, —328—

they were forced to separate. It brought tears to their eyes. The ties of their friendship had been closely sealed, for they had tasted death together. With a last farewell they parted their ways, Milton embarking for Boston and Ralph a few days later for Argentina.

During the first few days there was on happier man aboard the North American than Milton Ross. His escape and the thought of the surprise he should create on his return amused him not a little. But anxiety also took its turn. He wondered whether his parents were still alive, whether Evelyn was still in mourning, or whether she had married someone else. The nearer he came to Boston, the more such thoughts haunted him.

On the morning of September 30, the North American docked in Boston harbor. Leaving the boat, Milton mingled with the flock of unknown people that moved towards town. It surprised him that the city had changed so little during his absense. Arriv­ ing at Maple Street at noon, he peered into a window of his home and found his parents busily partaking of their dinner. He paused a moment before the door to enjoy the loving sound of the voices he had missed for a year, and then entered. The keen ear of his mother, however, had perceived the slight noise and she opened the door. Imagine her surprise when she saw her son, whom all reported dead, standing before her. Mere words cannot describ. the joy of that home-coming.

The pleasant thought that he had but another day to wai made Raymond Sands leap for joy. So happy was he to-day that he surprised his very servants by addressing them in a friendly man­ ner. Happy, because he knew that Evelyn would not refuse him this time.

In another home a young woman prayed God for the last time to give her a sign whether her beloved was still alive. It was Evelyn Marsh. She dreaded the morrow oil which she was to give her promise to become the wife of Raymond Sands. While she was still praying, a door opened behind her revealing Milton一not a sign but a reality—her prayers had been answered.

The next day Raymond Sands returned, not, however, to ask Evelyn to remain true to her promise, but to extend his heartycongratulations on the happy pair.

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U orhc Math THE FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM. Victor W. Thierfelder, ’23.

Under the system known as the National Banking System, whicli was inaugurated during the latter part of the Civil War, the National banknote was the medium of exchange. This currency was based upon United States Government bonds deposited in the Treasury, and the notes thus issued were classed as bond-secured currency. This plan was developed not only to substitute a uni­ form legal-tender currency for the many depreciated notes of vari­ ous state banks, which, existed before the Civil War, but also to create a market for the United States bonds and in this way to sus­ tain their value. It was entirely successful for the latter purpose, but its usefulness as a banking-system ceased, when more money was needed in the commerce of the United States, because of its entire lack of elasticity.

In June 1913, a bill propounding changes in the fundamentals of our banking system was brought before Congress for considera­ tion. After a long discussion and many changes of detail, it was passed to become law in December of that year. This law, being somewhat imperfect, met with great opposition in the attempt to enforce it. Later it was amended to what is now, the Federal Re­ serve Act. In this form it was accepted by almost all of the Amer­ ican bankers..

The accepted form of the Federal Reserve Act provides for: first, the establishment of Federal reserve banks; secondly, the supply of an elastic currency: thirdly, an effective supervision of the banking system of the United States.

The United States is divided into twelve sections, called Fed­ eral reserve districts. In each of these districts a Federal reserve city is desi??nated in whicli a Federal reserve bank is established.

The Federal reserve or regional bank may best be called the bank of banks, as it does not do business with the public directly, but with its own member banks. Every National bank is required to become a stockholder in the regional bank of the district in which it is situated and any State bank or trust company which complies with, certain specified requirements is permitted to become a mem­ ber bank. Each member bank is required to subscribe to the stock of the regional bank of its district an amount equal to six percent of its paid-up capital stock and surplus. The regional bank is made —330—

SI| a depository for a certain proportion of the cash reserve of all the member banks, and in addition may also be a depository for Gov­ ernment funds. An important function of the bank is the issue and redemption of currency. It may secure Government obliga^ tions known as Federal reserve notes, which it is authorized to issue against commercial paper with a minimum gold reserve of forty percent to back them. Besides this, Federal reserve banks are granted certain powers with regard to operations in the open market, such as the purchase of commercial paper, the dealing in gold bullion and many others. They are also expected to perform important functions as clearing houses between their member banks.

The chief aim, probably, of the whole Federal reserve system is to furnish an elastic currency, that is, a currency that will in­ crease and decrease with the demand for the same. This was made possible by the abolition of the old bond-secured currency of the National banking system and by replacing it with the present asset currency. The present currency has proved its preeminence over the banknotes of the old system in many ways. For example, in the harvest season, when a great deal of money is needed for moving crops to the market and for grain speculation, the regional bank3 may issue Federal reserve notes against the commercial papej which may arise from this speculation and thereby supply as mucl currency as may be needed. In the old system, banks could issue notes only against Government bonds and they would never invest in any more bonds than was absolutely necessary. This would very often create a stringency in the money-market. In the spring, when there is less demand for money and as the commercial paper becomes due and is paid, the regional banks may retire their notes without loss. On the other hand in the old system, when demand decreased, the notes would return to the banks and, as they could not be retired, would lie idle. This meant a great loss to banks and they would limit their investments in bonds as much as possible to avoid it. Without doubt, a panic was prevented by the Federal reserve system in the late war.

The control of the entire system is given over to a Federal re­ serve board, consisting of seven members, including the Secretary of the Treasury and the Comptroller of the Currency. The five other members are appointed by the president of the United States ；with the approval of the Senate. This board devotes its entire time to this work. It has power to examine the accounts, books i

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and affairs of each Federal reserve bank and of each member bank and to require such statements and reports as it may deem neces­ sary. By this power it can see if each and every bank is operating with the laws of the act, and if not, it also has the power to inflict fines on or even to force into liquidation any bank. Be­ sides this it has many other powers too numerous to mention, which make it a perfect supervisor. The Federal reserve board also has an auxiliary board called the Federal advisory council, which may confer directly with the Federal reserve board on gen­ eral business conditions. With this complete，supervision there will be maintained one of the best banking systems known.

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THE BLACK AND RED Published Monthly by the Studenta of the Norlhweatarn CoIUffe.

EDITORIAL STAFF EDWIN A JASTER. »2t WM. P. HOLZHAUSEN, »2I Associate Editor

EDITOR-IN-CHIEF

BUSINESS MANAGERS

ALEX. R. HILLMER, »2\ CARL P. BOLLE, »2»

BUSINESS MANAGER ADVERTIS ING MANAGER

DEPARTMENT EDITORS DUDLEY H. ROHDA, *22 VENUS H. WINTER.，22 THBOPHIL F. UETZMANN，2 J VICTORW.THIERFELDER »23 GUSTAV O. KRAUSE, f22

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lE&ttnrialja EXIT VOLUME XXIV.

With this number we complete volume XXIV, a few words of review are in order. It is not the different stages of the work which are now to be observed separately and judged, but the collection of the efforts; and if the result of our work created a pleasing effect, what more could we ask? During the entire year the material col­ lected month by month was selected with the view of making the consummation of volume XXIV gratifying to us and pleasing to . our readers. As Orpheus of mythology was to lead his wife out of the shadow-world under the condition that he look only ahead, —333—

t卿ii祕 so we, with perhaps a few glances at our former work, looked onlyforward with the purpose in view of advancing to the very best of our ability. If we have succeeded, our readers must judge; we can only hope that we have. Truly our work cannot be judged by the standard of master literature, it must be judged according to the standard of colleges. We are not Shakespeares or Macaulays; we are students who follow and should follow the advice of others.

Now we have completed our volume and the staff of the year 1920-21 bids all subscribers, readers, and patronizers farewell. With this number we relinquish the reigns of the Black and Red colums to the newly elected staff, with, the sincerest wish that they make the 25th, and anniversary volume of the Black and Red worthy of the highest approbation. The members of the new staff are: Dudley H. Rohda,，22, Oconomowoc, Wis., Editor-in-chief.

Venus H. Winter, ’22, Norfolk, Nebr., Associate Editor.

Gustav 0. Krause,，22, Milwaukee, Wis., Business Manager.

Christian C. Albrecht, ’22，Hutchinson, Minn., Advertising Manager.

Donald F. Rossin, ’22, Elgin, Minn., Exchanges.

Edgar H. Hoenecke, ’23, Saginaw, Micli., Athletics.

Victor W. Thierfelder, ’23, Kenoslia, Wis., College Notes.

Waldcmar 0. Weissgerber, ’24, Marinette, Wis., Locals.

Hilbert L. Engel, ’23, Chicago, 111., Campus and Classroom.

A NEW PRESIDENT. On March 4th a new family occupies the White House at Wash­ ington, the family of Mr. Harding. The Wilson regime has at last come to an end; and it is with a feeling of indifference or rejoic­ ing rather than sympathy that our people behold the war presi­ dent move out of the nation’s foremost residence. A man who five years ago was the hero of his country is now cast down and de­ jected. With a still greater popularity than the rtiring President ever enjoyed does Senator Harding begin his administration. He was elected by the greatest majority of votes ever accorded an American President. Will he retain this popularity, or will he lose is as quickly as his predecessor did? The new executive stands at the threshold of one of the most important administrations of our nation’s history. He confronts very serious problems, some of —334—

CARL BOLLE ALEX H1LLMER GUSTAV KRAUSE

DUDLEY ROHDA EDWIN JASTER VICTOR THIERFELDER

THEOPHIL UETZMANN WILLIAM HOLZHAUSEN VENUS WINTER

which directly threaten the future peace and the very life of our country. Will he in every C9，se comply with the wishes of the people? The future alone can tell.

We read in the newspapers that Harding’s plans worry the FrenLCh. Wall Street also seems to be somewhat disappointed. Does not this sound pleasing and favorable to us? Furthermore we read that Mr. Harding asks that the Bible, upon which he takes the oath of office be opened at the same page that it was opened whence Washington took the oath of office. Our president, when he made that choice, was evidently carried back to the days of the father of our country. He considers it, a great honor to put his hand on the same page as Washington.

How much greater an honor and reward will not be in store for him in heaven and on earth, if he follow the footsteps and act according to the principles voiced by that head of the original thirteen states. For what did George Washington stand? Liberty and Freedom. O yes, we heard those two words so often during the last four years, but what did they mean to us. Did we enjoy liberty and freedom? A large number of Norwegian families from one of our mid-western states returned to their native land Norway, because, they said, they want­ ed to live in a free country. Is that what those people thing of us, our country and government, compared to which the European rule in colonial days was chains and slavery? Oh would to God that our people could again enjoy real liberty and that the administration of our new president be just as George Washington’s was, a govern•ment of the people, by the people and for thef people and not a W.,，22. government of Wall Street and France and England

ONE LANGUAGE? During the great World War there was a constant clamor for the vindication of the English language. Paper, press, and preacher were making a final issue of the language question and with Jesu­ itical zeal each endeavored to make this “land of the free” one hun­ dred per cent American. Their aim was to “scrap” all other lan­ guages, and to reach their goal they clothed their efforts with the mantle of patriotism. It was patriotic to speak English only and near-treason to utter a syllable in any other tongue. But why call —335-~-

卜 ^e>3H^U anlt ■r*

it patriotism? The lie will out. Why. not be frank and tell the innocent by-stander that it only was a mere case of race-hatred!

Do we still believe that people of foreign extraction or birth are clinging to the language of their forefathers to spite the Amer­ ican people? Do we realize that in many cases Americans of for­ eign extraction, can speak the English language more fluently than the descendants of the Pilgrims or those from Plymouth Rock?

It is the foreigner who has shown his willingness to adopt the new language which greets him at Ellis Island; most of these people are only too willing to learn the current language of our continent, but they dd not desire to have it put before them on a legislative platter. As soon as we begin to force a people to adopt our language, we shall meet opposition.

The study and the acquirement of the English language should be encouraged by all means. But how? The question which con­ fronts the educational institutions in America to-day is not: What languages should be dropped from the curriculum to make the United States an English speaking nation, but: What languages should be taught besides English to acquaint the American with the Eng­ lish language? We realize the great advantage Latin, Greek, Ger­ man, and French afford us in the study of English. Every unbiased critic of languages will agree to this.、Technically we are still at war; but should we still be bound by the nebula of class-hatred; do we still believe that a few over-zealous language patriots who are as mad as a hatter should dictate what language should be taught in both the private and the public schools of America?

We Americans believe we have reached a high plane of civil­ ization. Opinions differ, however, as to the altitude. We believe we have successfully legislated John Barleycorn out of the confines of the United States, but still we gaze and still the wonder grows, where all the moon-shine comes from; nobody knows. And are we to pass legislative measures in regard to the language question?

What we need primarily is sound principles of education, not legis­ lation, and the language question will ultimately take care of itself.

G. K”，22.

If we look through the college notes in our magazine of this year, we notice that programs and entertainments were quite fre­ quent. Of especial interest are the three accounts of the programs —336—

rendered by the celebrated musicians who entertaind us at our col­ lege: Josef Konecny, violinist; Madame Zarad, soprano; Fritz Kreisler, the violinist whom all know. This was indeed a year of good entertainments, and it created a new spirit in the student body.

Since there are very few in our student-body who are incapable of comprehending the value of music, these musical entertainments afforded a high degree of pleasure. Let us hope that this prece­ dent will continue, for, besides the pleasure of these entertainments, interspersed through the dreary months of the year, our musical organizations gain in educational training by observing and hear­ ing these masters of their art. We are indeed fortunate in having had the opportunity of hearing these musicians at small cost in our own buildings.

Our first concert program was rendered in the recitation-hall chapel and was so successful and pleased the students so that any future opportunity for a concert by reputable artists would be care­ fully considered. Thus when Madame Zarad asked for the use of our gymnasium, the permission was readily granted, and surely she fully cancelled her obligation to us by her excellent voice. Just recently our gymnasium was placed at the disposal of the public for the grand Kresiler concert. These events made up a year of ex­ cellent entertainments and we hope that next year the students will J.— again be as fortunate.

一Gustav Kalfahs, of Neenah, Wis., a commercial stuident at Northwestern during the school year 1916-17, called on his brother .Edwin, ’24，Feb. 22. Mr. Kalfahs is in the grocery business at :his home city.

—Otto Klaye, ex，18, surprised old acquaintances by calling here —337—

Vi

on Feb. 19 and 20. Mr. Klaye has a position in the office of the Brunswick-Balke-Collender Co., of Milwaukee, Wis. 一Prof. G. A. Westerhaus preached at Prairie du Chien, Wis., on Sunday, Feb. 13.

—The Rev. Wm. Malinke, ex-’02, of Root Creek, Wis., visited his charge, Willie Zinke, Friday, Feb. 25.

—On account of ill health the Rev. H. C. Zarwell, ex-’89, of Platteville, Wis., handed in his resignation as pastor of his congregation, which has been under his faithful guidance for twenty years. Ac­ cording to present plans he will spend some time in the Sierra Nevada mountains of California and will probably later, after hav­ ing sufficiently recuperated, take charge of a congregation in that state. The Rev. R. Ave’-Lallement, ’00, of Wilson, Minn., is his successor at Plateville.

—A meeting of representatives of the Synodical Conference was held at River Forest, 111., Feb. 23-24, for the purpose of discussing the danger threatening our Christian day schools and the means of averting the danger. Among those present were the following former students of Northwestern College: Profs. J. Ph. Koehler, ’77, of Wauwatosa, Wis., 0. J. R. Hoenecke, ’90, of Saginaw, Mich., B. R. Bliefernicht, ’03, of New Ulm, Minn., E. E. Kowalke, ’08, of Watertown, Wis., pastors J. Brenner, ’93, of Milwaukee, Wis., F. Graeber, *90, of Milwaukee, Wis., Ed. Pisclier, ’86, of Danbury Conn., Chas. Lehenbauer, ex-’98, Linn, Kansas, and Mr. Carl MantheyZorn, ’95, of Cleveland, Ohio. 一H. J. Brandt, *16, superintendent of schools at Butte, Nebr., is engaged to Miss Marcello Sette, Milwaukee, Wis. 一Valentine Andrae, ’17, of Milwaukee, Wis., is working for a gardener in California. Because of a nervous breakdown, Mr. Andreae was forced to discontinue his studies at the Theological Semi­ nary at Wauwatosa, Wis., and has taken up this pleasant occupa­ tion in order to regain his health.

—Mr. O. A. Brandt, .’85，a former superintendent of schools at Morgan, Minn., but who more recently managed a railroad club­ house at Salt Lake City, Utah, visited liis classmate, Dr. Ott, Feb. 24.

Mr. Brandt is spending a few days in his home town before leav­ ing for Florida, where he will take charge of some extensive grape­ fruit orchards at Miami, about sixty miles soutli of Palm Beach.

—Dr. A. P. Ernst and Prof. G. A. Westerhaus attended the funeral of the wife of tlie Rev. Imm. Brackebuscli, Newville, Wis., on Fri—338—

day, Feb. 25. Services were conducted in the parish cliurch, near Lake Mills, after which the remains were sent to Platteville, Wis., for interment. 一Dir. 0. J. R. Hoenecke, ’90，of Siginaw, Mich., called on his son Edgar, *23, on his way home from River Forest, 111.

—An article in the last issue of the Ev. Luth. Gemeinde-Blatt written by the Rev. 0. Hensel, ’08, of Wausau, Wis.，made a great impression on us and should also interest all loyal alumni. The author has in clear and simple language portrayed the conditions that exist in our mission fields in Arizona, where our Lutheran pastors have patiently labored under great odds for a quarter of a century. Although apparently their efforts have not up to the present time met with much success, they have at least succeeded in removing the barrier that has hitherto separated the red from the white man. The Indians are at last willing to be instructed in the glorious gospel of Jesus Christ. With the hour of triumph so near at hand but not as yet within our grasp, shall we now de­ sert our faithful pastors and flatter ourselves with the vain thought that we have done our duty? Let us hope not! When we consider that our missionaries have but a hovel for a home and a still less suitable place for a house of worship, we ought to hide our face in shame. The sacrifices they have made and are still daily making seem almost unendurable, yet they never complain for the lack of bodily comfort or necessities of life, but cheerfully bear the cross of their Savior, trusting in him alone to provide for their needs.

Let us then in this Passion season make amends for our shameful neglect by liberally contributing to a fund that is being raised to build a chapel and a parish house at Rice, Arizona.

f

The students and music lovers of Watertown received a rare musical treat, when they heard Francesca Zarad, an eminent Vien­ nese dramatic soprano, in our college auditorium on the evening —339—

) .( :

of February 11. Madame Zarad has appeared with distinction as one of the leading sopranos of the Hamburg, Berlin, and Vienna Imperial operas. She sang under the baton of the late Hans Rich­ ter, as guest artist at the renowned Wagnerian festival in Bayreuth.

Zarad received her musical training of the very best masters, and her experience in Europe puts her in the class with other great art­ ists. The program she interpreted is as follows: PART I. Wagner.

Elsa’s Traum (Lohengrin)__Loewe.

Tom the Reimer------ .------__Loewe.

Die Mutter an der Wiege---Vom listigen Grasmuecklein Soldatenlied — (Kinderlieder) Taubert.

Merkt euch das!

PART II. Mimi (from the opera La Boheme)— — PART III. -Schubert.

Ave Maria___________ Schumann.

Der Nussbaum_______ ___ Franz.

Im Herbst___________ ___ Grieg.

Ein Schwan_________ .―Brahms.

Vergebliches Staendchen .Schubert.

Erlkoenig___________ PART IV. .—Kramer.

Last Hour ] _Lieurance.

By th e Waters of Minnetonka Woodmann.

Open Secret __ ___ Brewe.

Fairy Pipers — ___ Rogers.

Wind and Lyre The execution of this program fulfilled all expectations. From the minute Madame Zarad stepped on the platform we could not but find favor with her, for personality and congeniality beamed from her features. When she began to sing we were entranced by the singer, for we not only heard beautiful harmonious sounds, but a soul dwelled in her singing. She lived her songs in all their moods and had the power to make her audience live them with her. Zarad possesses a voice of great range, noble timbre, and haunting sweetness, and with her dramatic explanation in English of the German pieces, she added further charm to her artistry.

With absolute surety and smootlmess the artiste turned from oper一340—

atic area to simple haunting melodies. The audience showed their appreciation with rapt attention and enthusiastic applause. In every respect Zarad proved herself to be a great interpretative singer ，of excellent training and ample experience, who possesses a beauti­ ful voice.

The program was divided into four parts and covered a range of musical literature, a variety which was sure to please every one.

In the first part of the program the Kinderlieder deserve special mention, which were sung with such interpretation that we could not resist a feeling of childhood bliss and contentment. They were so natural and simple that at first thought we might consider them too common for an artist, but should we try to sing them, we would realize how impossible it is for us to put the sweetness, purity, and feeling into them. In the second part Zarad sang the aria “Mimi” from the opera La Boheme in place of the Allmacht. Although we could not understand the words, the masterpiece was magnifi­ cently sung, and as an encore the Habernera from Bizet’s opera Carmen pleased us equally much. Very impressive was the Ave Maria. The clear, pure voice created a sublime and celestial feel­ ing in the listeners. The Erlkoenig, a renowned composition, found special favor with the students, who were acquainted with the words. The accompaniment for this selection was rendered very ably by Mrs. Sproesser, a local pianist. In the last part of the program we became acquainted with the very best of English vocal music. It would be difficult to say which number was the best, for they all contained some exquisite feature. The whole program with its excellent variety of individually well-selected numbers left an impression on us whereby we shall long remember Francesca Zarad Since Madame Zarad’s arrival in this country three years ago, she has filled more than two hundred and fifty engagements, the majority of them being given in universities and colleges. She also sang for students in neighboring localities, as in Waukesha and Delafield.

At Orchestra Hall, Chicago, Zarad rendered on March 1, a duplicate of the program which we heard.

The literary program on February 5, was undoubtedly one of the best rendered by the Phi Gamma Rho society this season. The master of ceremonies, Mr. Krenke, had provided a pleasing arrange­ ment, and the majority of the speakers did their best. The orches—341—

I —篇汍，■遂I tra opened the program with a well rendered selection. The orig­ inal speeches were interesting; Grunwald spoke of Napoleon’s personal pecularities, Falk carried out the development of tlie Greek drama, and Schlueter told us about the conditions of our middle states in the nineteenth century. Of special interest was the declamation, The Man of the Shadow, by Miss Freitag. With interpretation she spoke slowly and distinctly and kept the full attention of the audience. We must confess that Miss Preitag set a precedent for us all. Something new and very entertain­ ing was V. Winter’s Low-German recitation; although many of us are not able to speak the dialect, we, nevertheless, understood most of it. Poems in English and German furnished the rest of the literary work, and Arndt’s vocal solo closed the interesting program.

H. Bierwagen’s program on February 12, rendered by the Philomatliean society was somewhat shorter than the programs usually are, owing to the fact that one of the speakers could not be present, but nevertheless the program vies with the rest in merit. This prograim was cherished by music-lovers, for it contained two numbers of good classic music. Mr. Peisst, who is constantly improving as a performer on the violin and has gained a reputation as an able violinist., favored us with the celebrated composition, Sec­ ond Concerto, Allegro con Brio, by Wieniawski. Equally meritori­ ous was C. Bolle’s piano solo, Sonata, Op. 2, No. 1, Allegro, by Beethoven. Since it was Lincoln’s birthday, T. Uetzmann’s speech was appropriate, who dwelled on some of the things we can learn from Lincoln. In a German speech Brandt outlined the develop­ ment of the school system in America. Several poems were rend­ ered, and the best of these was the one by W. Groth, who spoke with interpretation and emphasis.

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OBITUARY It is with a feeling of sadness, that we place this page in our Black and Red, for we can only feel grieved that one of our fel­ low-students was taken from us dur­ ing his college ca­ reer. We are moved by the thought that a diligent and con­ scientious student, who always was gay and cheerful, should suddenly be summoned from our midst by death. William Eggert, the son of Otto Eggert and his wife, Gertrude nee Jentzsch, was born May 1, 1904 in the city of Medford, Wis. Here he spent his youth amidst Christian surroundings and after religious instruc­ tion in Sunday school and parochial school, he was confirmed May 5, 1918. Before his confirmation he attended high school one year, but the next year he entered Northwestern College as a student of the Quart a B class, where he studied until the time of his death.

In his Freshmen year he chose the studies of the academic depart­ ment to prepare for a buiness position. On February 20th he was taken ill with an attack of appendicitis and was removed to St. Mary’s hospital, where an apparently successful operation was per­ formed. However, after a few days complications set in, which re­ sulted in brain fever and in the death of the patient. In Christ he departed from the earth Sunday evening, Feb. 27th. After a chapel service in our recitation hall Monday afternoon the body was con­ ducted by the bereaved parents and mourners, and by the band and student-body to the Northwestern depot, to be sent to Medford for interment. The funeral services were held Wednesday afternoon, Hev. Hilleman officiating.

Thus with regret we write the biography of his short career.

In the prime of his boyhood he left his dear parents, relatives and friends, and his fellow-students, but we rejbice to say tha he went to the better heavenly home, prepared by Christ for all the faithful.

■

Sopltomorcs 5; Seniors 23.

February 2nd witnessed the third clash of the season between the two leading fives in the inter-class championship series. The Sophomores had defeated the Seniors early in the year, and the Seniors won over their nearest rivals on January 29th. We there­ fore expected a very close and interesting contest. But alas, we were sorely disappointed. The Green and White turned up minm their usual vim and permitted the fast Senior quintet to run awaJ . with them by a 23-5 score. The Sophs seemed to be unable tc; break through the strong Senior defence and were continually forced to shoot at long distances from the basket. Although Schnit­ ker filled out the vacant position fairly well, the loss of the Sopho­ more captain, who was confined to a hospital, evidently was keenly fell Capt. Meier's veterans again displayed their typical team­ work and accuracy at basketing the ball.

Fres)nnen 24; Juniors 23.

On the same day the Freshmen beat the cellar-holders, the Juniors. We found that the Junior team could not duplicate the . feat performed the Saturday before, when they drubbed the Frosh 36-14. And the reason why is very simple. It was, as usual, their utter lack of teamwork and the constant dissension among the players. The Freshmen, on the other hand, took advantage of their opponents' weaknesses; they played hard, lead the count all way through the game, and were never in danger until some min­ utes before the end, when the heavy Junior cagers put six points

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through the net in rapid succession. With the score then 23-24, the ball remained in the hands of the Juniors for two minutes or more. They attempted shot after shot, but the leather in every case rolled off the edge of the basket. Even tall Kuckhahn^ in­ cessant attempts just beneath the iron ring proved in vain. It seemed the Juniors were doomed to defeat. When the anxiety of the Freshmen rooters was at the highest, the shrill of the whistle put an end to the fray.

Juniors Forfeit Games.

Since Gentz and Brandt will be out of the game for the rest of the season, as a result of injuries sustained in the last game, the Junior class decided to discontinue basketball and to forfeit the games remaining to be played.

Freshmen 6; Seniors 11.

The evening of February 5th was a rather gloomy one in Freshmen circles, as on this day their basketball men went down to defeat before the champion，21 basketeers. Although the Fresh­ men team was beaten, nevertheless, it was not disgraced. Captain Kleinke’s players put up one of the gamest fights seen in our gym this year. Time and again they frustrated the highly-polished teamwork of the Seniors. Their own offensive work also was far beyond the ordinary, the reason for their low score being the effec­ tive work of the Senior guards coupled with their own inability to properly locate the basket. Out of eight attempts at basketing fouls, the Frosh succeeded in caging but two points. The count at the end of the first half stood 6—5 in favor of the Seniors as it remained for a long time, until Bolle and Cares finally broke the monotony by scoring each a field goal. A foul goal by each side ended the tallying of the game.

Feshmen 18? Seniors 17.

And why were the “Fresliies” all smiles after the game played on the following Wednesday, on February 9th? They were on this Fast day victors over Captain Meier’s powerful Senior squad, teamwork and endurance won the game for them. The first-year collegiates might have tabulated a considerably larger score had they not failed in seven out of eleven attempts at free throws.

Sophomores 6; Seniors 27.

In. their last game of the season the Seniors gloriously wound up their basketball career at Northwestern by defeating their near­ est rivals, the Sophomores, by a score of 27一6. Although the en—344—

tire Senior team displayed an excellent brand of basketball and kept their opponents out of danger easily, Bolle was the outstand­ ing star. He scored seven field goals, three of which were made from long distances.

The Class of *21 has now hung up its weapons of basketball, and their career at this college in that sport certainly deserves a word of praise. The *21 squad won third place in 1918 and easily held first position the following two years. In their Sophomore year they carried away the pennant with a 1000 per cent record, the season of 1920 witnessed but one defeat for them and only two games were lost this year. We must acknowledge this as a won­ derful record; it is one which the class has every reason to be proud of. The men that participated in the games of this season were Captain Meier and I-Iillmer, guards, Bolle, center, and Cares Bierwagen and Uetzmann forwards.

Freshmen 26; Sophomores 22.

What indisputably can be called the closest the sna ppiest and 5 most exciting battle of the season was fought on our gym fl oor February 16th, between the Freshman and Sophomore teams. It was the “Freshies’ ’’ last opportunity to seize second place in the interclass series, and they took advantage of it. The green and white jerseys led the score by a goodly margin during the initial period, which ended 11—14. In the beginning of the second, how­ ever, the Freshmen came back strong and were soon ahead of their opponents by one point. Then the “Sophs” again assumed the aggresive; Engel basketed a field goal, Redlin quickly followed with two more. Once more the Green and Gold came back. They scored six points in rapid succession, and the count stood 22—21 in favor of the Freshmen. Just before the whistle sounded the end of the second twenty minutes of play, Redlin tied the score by rolling in a foul goal, and extra time to break the tie was called by Referee Rossin. Five minutes were played and still the deadlock could not be broken. Neither side was able to score so that it was necessary to add another five minutes of time. This time also was nearly up, over four minutes had already been spent in the grapple, when Schoenoff of the Freshmen finally slipped away and caged a bas­ ket that decided the game. Apparently the Sophomore squad off­ ered little or no resistance after that, for Captain Kleinke was per­ mitted another field goal before the final whistle put a stop to the fight.

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The game was the first of this season in which additional^ time was necessary and 汪 good number of years have passed in this in­ stitution since two of our class teams had to play longer than five minutes in order to break a tie score.

Frshmen 26; Sophomores 24.

A typical example of a good basketball game was the one just described. That was a great game. But in the line of excitement, it still was not the best that the 1921 season was to present to us.

On the following Saturday we were to witness another encounter between the same teams, which now were tie for second place and it was to be a fight to the finish. But alas, as the. game began, when we expected a nip-and-tuck combat the Sophomores seem­ ingly “lay down;” they allowed their opponents twelve points in succession before a green and white man located the basket once.

Yes, we were very disappointed. At the end of the first period the count stood 16：—4 in the Freshmen’s favor, and it was thought ridiculous to doubt the outcome of the fray. Even the second half dragged slowly on until the Freshies led the score by 20—6. But the dauntless and ever persistent White and (Green quintet again here displayed their real mettle. When things looked absolutely hope­ less for them they staged one of the most remarkable comebacks our gymnasium has ever seen. They made one desperate rush after another down the floor, the Freshmen continually on the defence were simply swamped so that in a short while eight consecutive times the leather rolled through the Sophomores ring and the Freshmen found themselves at the tail end of the score 22一20.

So the score remained for nearly five minutes. The time now was just about up, as the ball was in play in the territory of the Green and Gold the timekeeper shouted, “only twenty seconds to play.”

The Freshmen seized the leather, hurriedly worked it to their bas­ ket, and Theurer, right guard, rolled it through the net, just in time.

It was the basket that only tied the score but that saved the day for the Freshmen.

In the five minutes of additional time Redlin of the Sophs im­ mediately scored a field goal but only to be followed by another at the opposite end of the floor by Captain Kleinke. A foul on Kalfahs gave the Sophomore Captain another chance to win his game.

He stepped into the ring alone, every breath was held, lie shot the ball but his otherwise so accurate eye failed him in this excitement.

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The leather struck the edge of the iron and bounded back. The unbroken tie required another extension.

In the tense grapple and agitation of the next five minutes three tries at foul goals failed. At every attempt a dead silence, and then a roar. As the excitement was at its apex, Paul Schoenoff, whose basket had won the previous game, again stepped into the limelight by scoring, when least expected, the field goal that decided the game for the “Freshies.”

Kleinke, Schoenoff and Theurer were the Freshmen shining lights, while Redlin turned out to be the Sophomore luminary when he pocketed seven baskets in the one half. Not a single foul goal was scored during the entire game. The manner in which our 1921 basketball season wound up surely is unprecedented. The Class of ’24，whose claim for a, time to the third position in the series looked dubious, put up a lost ditch fight, and by winning three hard games, wrested the second place from the Sophomores who had held it practically all year.

The final standing of the four teams: Won 10

Seniors__ Freshmen _ Sophomores Juniors__

7 6

Lost 2 5 6

11

Percent. .833 •583

•5’00 .083

The eleven highest individual scores: Pet. T. P. G.P. 9.10 91 10 Cares, ’21, F_____ 8.88 85 Redlin,，23, F____ 9y2 8.36 92 11 Kleinke, *24, F___ 7.68 73 Bolle,，21, C_____ 9y2 6.57 46 7 Voigt,，22, C_____ 5.80 58 10 Engel,，23, F____ 5.71 40 7 Brandt, *22, C____ 5.43 38 7 Gentz, *22, |G_____ 5.15 54 ioy2 Schoenoff, ’24，F._.

5.00 25 5 Bierwagen,，21, F. 5.00 20 4 Henning, ’23, G._.

The very interesting season in the preparatory department ended as follows:

4

*：i

•: l

.na 'J

•V,

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Tertia Quinta Quarta Sexta .

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WAETBURG ECHO. The Echo, although small in dimensions, contains some fairly good material. In the literary department we find a two-paragraph article on the significance of our national emblem, the flag, and two biographical sketches. The article is written in a spirit of ardent patriotism and succeeds quite well in driving home its points. The compiler of the sketch on “Abraham Lincoln” analyzes this great man’s character well in the following words: **What made Abraham Lincoln great? His sterling personal qual­ ities, his honesty, his unswerving will to do right, his steadfast courage, his desire for good, clean knowledge, and greatest of all, his pious soul and the spirit of a deeply religious man.” Truly Lincoln was a man of whom our entire country should feel proud!

The second biography is that of George Washington. This is in great part inferior to the foregoing one. Thei general construction of the sketch is not bad, but the English is faulty in many places.

The writer seems especially to have trouble with, his relative pro—348—

I ^Matk ㉞—：Hd| nouns, since the reference in several places is poor. The proof­ readers should be very careful not to overlook such cases of incor­ rect grammar and reference as occur in this biography, for they greatly detract from the interest of the reader.

The one editorial of the Echo, “Mental Loafing” deserves much praise. It contains a very good thought convincingly carried out in good sound, simple English. Nothing is more detrimental to any young person than mental loafing; for it leads him into all sorts of temptation and ultimately effects his downfall.

“Athletics” is not written in a very forceful style. “Exchanges” seems to pay too much atention to outward features and arrange­ ment and offers too little criticism on the real body, the literary part of the paper criticized.

The article “China’s Harvest” brings us some interesting his­ tory and data from far away China; but its position in the paper is rather perplexing. Why was not this article placed in the liter­ ary department.

The original witticisms in “Sayings and Sages” are good but few.

We suggest that the literary department contain an original story now and then. In conclusion we wish the Echo staff the best of success in the coming on of time.

The Hemnica.

After an absence of three months we have again received the “Hemnica” from Red Wing Seminary, Red Wing, Minn. The art­ icle on Gladstone is very passable. It is, however, as the greater share of biographies are, somewhat dry. The bare facts of the man’s life are given in rather cold and colorless English. The first of the two “New Year Thoughts” is well written. The second con­ ‘The hour one loiters tains some good general statements, e. remains forever a blank” and “Others watch us and their actions are modified by ours.” The next number in the literary depart­ ment is also a biography, that of “Margaret Fuller.” It ranks in merit with the first. A short story would have filled the place of this sketch much better. hTe students ought to try their talent at fiction. We enjoyed Mr. Sovik’s report of the progress of the Lutheran church with its Theological Seminary in China.

Although it is beyond us to read “Norwegian” with understand­ ing, we laud the Hemnica for still publishing such a department.

—349—

The first of the two editorials deals with tlie subject of physi­ cal culture, and stresses the fact that it is our duty to keep our bodies in sound physical condition; it is our duty to ourselves, to the future generation, to our country, and to our God. The second pleads for cooperation on the part of the students in publishing the Hemnica. Both editorials seem to be the product of good effort and work.

“Exchange” is a column not very striking. First, it is very short Then, the word ‘excellent” occurs five times. The com­ ment of the editor is rendered very ineffective by such super abund­ ant praise.

In general the Hemnica can be considered a very fair success.

During the past year we have received the following publica­ tions: “Spectator,” Columbus, Ohio; “Alma Mater,” St. Louis, Mo.; “College Chips,” Decorah, Iowa; “Augustana Observer,” Rock Island, 111.; “Newberry Stylus,” Newberry, S. C.; “Augsburg Eclio,” Minneapolis, Minn.; “(Goshen College Record,” Goshen, Ind.; “D. M. L. C. Messenger,” New Ulm, Minn.; “Wartburg Quarterly,” Clin­ ton, Iowa; “Luther College Visitor,” Wahoo, Nebraska; “Tuskegee Student,” Tuskegee Alabama; “Gustavian Weekly,” St. Peter, Minn.; “Hemnica,” Red Wing, Minn.; “M. H. Aerolith,” Plymouth, Wis.; “Manitou Messenger,” Northfield, Minn.; “Hougliton Star, Hough­ ton, New York; “Luther Echo,” St. Paul, Minn.; “Wartburg Echo,’’ Waverly, Iowa; “Augustan^ Mirror,” Sioux Falls, S. Dakota. «

眷

《

«

In this the March issue of the Black and Red the editor of this column bids all “Exchanges” a heartiest farewell, thanking them for the friendly criticism offered during the past twelve months.

He also wishes his successor the best of success.

mmm —350—

—E. Baumann, ’21，has at last deserted the much-esteemed ban­ ner hanging above his desk. He was seen with one of the fair sex on Grand Avenue, Milwaukee, on Feb. 6.

—A banking position offered to W. Bender, com. *21, caused him to discontinue his studies and to leave for Neshkoro, Wis.，where he will occupy his lime with books and figures. A few hours after he left, a box of candy arrived for him. The reader can imagine how good it tasted.

—Our isolation hospital has quite a number of inmates this year.

In the first part of February H. Kolbe, H. Kauber and E. Prenzlow, ’23，were brought there as victims of chickenpox.

—Monny Uetzmann/22, made a change in his bill of fare for dinner on Feb. 13. He enjoyed a delicious meal with relatives at Reeseville on that date.

—E. Ebert, *21, entertained his two sisters on the afternoon of Feb. 13. He felt fully repaid, however, with the box of **chucking” he received on their arrival. 一W. Amacher, prep., journeyed to the Wisconsin metropolis on Feb. 12, to take off the weight of his leisure time.

—Lefty Sauer, ’21，found his way to Milwaukee on Feb. 19. He said he had an easier time coming back, after having supplied him­ self with a pair of specs. 、 一-G. Kuske dropped in here, on his return from Detroit, to see his brother Paul, Feb. 19. 一Bud Knoll, *22, Vadder Boettcher, ’21, and Putz Mantel, prep., —351—

boarded an east-bound train, which brought them to Milwaukee on Feb. 19, Tappy Sponholz also took the trip, but returned two days late; he had to look after his interests in the popcorn business. ―M. Bienfang enjoyed Feb. 19-20, in Jefferson. O. Wolfgram could not forbear going there on Feb. 21, when Beans informed him of the good times of that town.

—We are wondering! Red is spending a great deal of his time at Bobbie’s place on Wisconsin street lately. What can be the reason?

—N. Gauerke, prep., was taken by surprise when his parents dropped in to spend a few social hours with him on Feb. 16.

—A. Ziemer of Weyauwega, a former student at N. W. C. was glad to see all the old familiar faces that welcomed him on his visit here, Feb. 19-22.

‘-Washington’s birthday opened with the usual salute in his nonor. At 8 o，clock two squads of riflemen fired a three-volley salute after which the band played tlie thrilling Star Spangled Ban­ ner. Another event of interest was the basketball combat between the three floors. Although second and third floors worked hard, the first floor’s team-work proved superior, which aided them in winning both games and championship. 一K. Bretzinann and H. Roschen, preps., in order to relieve the monotony, hiked to Lake Mills on Feb. 21, to celebrate the legal holiday there. The Voges Brothers also sought merriment in Lake Mills. 一The Misses E. Blank and R. Fricke of Aurora, 111., paid a visit to their brothers, who hail from that place, on Feb. 22. Hillemann was also the host of his sister from Milwaukee.

—A. Zarbock, E. Klein, preps., and H. Grunwald, ’24, joined in the jollity of Fond du Lac on Feb. 22.

—H. Kahrs and L. Zastrow spent Feb. 22. in Ixonia at tlie home of the latter’s aunt.

—Gus Kalfahs, com. ’17, experienced another day of the old col­ lege life with his brother Eddie on Feb. 22.

—W. Zinke was also remembered on Feb. 22. His cousin Otis Motz of Carroll College at Wauksha came to see how Bill was fair­ ing with, his studies. ―Moses Jaster spoiled his year’s record and spoiled his entire career by rising at a quarter to six one morning and sprinting to the end of Western Avenue and back all before breakfast.

—352—

露orjte

i

QI0-IE& Nflt紙 For the first time in the history of Northwestern, the co-eds played an outside team in basketball. On February 8, at 7:30 p. m., we played the Watertown High School girls’ team in our gym.

Great was the excitement among the spectators on the running track when the whistle blew to begin the game and greater grew the excitement when Hulda Klingman made the first basket for the high school. But Elsie Freitag soon tied the score by dribbling the ball across the floor and shooting a basket for us. We next forged ahead by a free throw made by Irene Schwartz. The first half continued in see-sawing from one end of the floor to the other, each side scoring two baskets and ended with a score of 8—9 in our favor. The second half began with a basket for high school, which Irene Schwartz quickly regained by caging the ball at our goal. Although two fouls were called on errors, the high school failed to score on free throws. It was only through hot fighting that we overcame the high school’s team work and won by a score of 15—12. The line-up was as follows: f.

Irene Schwartz Lois Werner Frieda Zeisler f.

Hulda Klingmann ____ Elsie Freitag c.

Margaret Pingel Hildegarde Wagner Verona Wendtland------ g. ____Margaret Zier Stella Kurzweg gAlma Hess was high school’s sub., while Louise Thurow, Nor­ ma Conrad and Bertha Holzhueter were ready to fill any vacancies which might occur or our side. Prof. Parisius refereed the game.

On Feb. 6, Josephine Sproesser went to Milwaukee to hear the concerts given by Miss Engell and Mr. Rochmaninoff on the 6th and 7th.

Our friend Hildegard Schwartz visited recitations with us from Feb. 11 to 14.

Magdelene Kinkel has been absent for many weeks on account of a severe case of scarlet fever.

The basketball team was given a supper by Miss Ziegelmann on Feb. 11, because of their victory. Were they glad they won?

Ask them!

—353—

We were all greatly surprised and very sorry when we heard that Edna Detert was forced to discontinue her studies on account of ill health. She went to her home in Waterloo, Feb. 21. As we had no vice-president, we had to elect a president in Edna’s place.

Elsie Freitag won the chair by five points.

Maybelle Laskey was pleasantly surprised by a small party of girls in honor of her birthday on Feb. 20.

—354—

(一

一Prof.: Auf unseren Eisenbahnen hat man auch verschiedene Klassen von Wagen; zum Beispiel?

Blumenthal (very tired): Sleepers.

—I Prep.: I have three clay-pigeons in my room.

II. Prep.: Have you?__ III. Prep.: Are they alive?

— Eddie: I fought three fellows and beat them all.

Bud: That’s nothing. I killed the Dead Sea. 一Count: Why isn’t the “Sinking of the Maine” celebrated?

Prof.: Very well! what has that to do with our experiment?

Zimmie: It was a chemical explosion, wasn’t it?

—Harry: You know, if a kid smokes cigarettes for quite a while he gets feeble-minded.

B a: Why didn’t you stop years ago?

—Prof.: Which is the largest river in Italy, Leo? A helpful friend prompting: Say To/ Leo. Leo: Sapolio. 一Jawn: I hear you are the flower of the family?

Mutt: Yea, the blooming idiot. * * # AS CLEAR AS MUD. The man had just informed the Pullman agent that he wanted a Pullman berth.

f

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“Upper or lower?” asked the agent.

“What’s the difference?” asked the man.

“A difference of 50 cents in this case,” replied the agent. “The lower is higher than the upper. The higher price is for the lower.

If you want thet lower, you’ll have to go higher. We sell the up­ per lower than the lower. In other words, the higher the lower.

Most people don，t like the upper, although it is lower on account of being higher. When you occupy an upper, you have to get up to go to bed and get down when you get up. You can have the lower if you pay higher. The upper is lower than the lower because it is higher. If you are willing to go higher it will be lower.

But the poor man fainted.

—Dud: There is sunshine in his smile.

Freddie: And moon-shine on his lips.

TRAGEDIETTA: A LA MODE. Life had no charms for Betty Sears, A maiden fair of fifteen years.

One morning in her bedroom glass Reflected is a doleful lass.

“But why so drear thy pretty face?

Has life become an offensive maze?”

And now she grasps a shining thing― “Oh, Betty, do it from thee fling!”

She loads the silent thing with powder一 Her guilty heart is beating louder一 Her face betrays a wicked smile.

“Bethink thee, Betty, yet awhile!”

And now the weapon threats her head一 The weapon filled with deadly lead?

A pistol?—No! For it goes on instead of off, C. F. B.,，21.

Because it is a powder-puff. 一Prof, (seeing the Juniors loitering at the door of the class­ room) :Na, meiiie Herm, die Tur ist eigentlich zum Zumachen eingerichtet.

—356—

妙:Hell • ■

:: i

;

i

_ """"M

―He: Going to the concert?

He: Then buy your tickets from me.

She (blushing): I’d like to. 一“What did you all name that cliile?”

“Ah named him ‘Prescription.’ ” “What foh, niggah?”

“•’Cause we had such a hard time getting him filled.”

HALT! WHO pOES THERE! Alas, the unexpected has come! Notice has been posted to va­ cate, and the editor of this column is forced to bid all readers of would-be Punch a sad adieu. No more shall I cast flattering or insulting remarks at my fellow-students. To those who have so faithfully contributed to the Joke Box I tender my heartiest thanks; to those who failed to do so, my sincere regret. May my successor receive the hearty support of his fellow students.

—The following articles have accidently been dropped into the Joke Box: 18 Lincoln pennies of various dates, 6 hairpins, 1 comb, 1 wristwatch (solid ivory case), 2 lbs. peanut shells, 3 cigarettes (tailormade), -shoehorn (model 1492).

If they’re yorrs, claim them!

.

2

.㉝

；I

—357-

i

W_ann-_-Kartr Companfs MEN，S CLOTHES SHOP A gigantic Shirt Sale for One Week Only.

Two Shirts for the Price of One Plus 25 Cents Including War Tax.

$3.50 Shirt2 for $3.75 4.00 Shirt 2 for 4.25 5.00 Shirt 2 for 5.25 6.00 Shirt 2 for 6.25 7.00 Shirt 2 for 7.25 8.00 Shirt 2 for 8.25

Does a Hen Stop Scratching when the Worms are Scarce?

No! She’s ccout in the field’’ scratching earlier and harder than ever.

W© have scratched some to get lower prices and if prices talk一we’ll get your pat­ ronage.

MEYER，S SHOE STORE GRANT，S Kohls & Knaak High Grade Candies Furniture and Undertaking..

Brick Ice Cream 607.613 MAIN STREET

Fruits, Cigars and Cigarettes 407 MAIN ST.

Phone Call 150-W Residence Phone 165-J

GET YOUR

Insurance That Insures

FISHING TACKLE at Winkenwerder，s Hardware Store 207 MAIN STREET

Watertown Creamery Co.

Siegler & Me Insurance Agency

Cla『_&Paste_dMilk&CM

Farmers & Citizens Bank Bldg.

Watertown,

Phone 431-J

Wisconsin

Watertown Shoe Shine Parlor

105 Main Street

The Princess Confectionery

Old Hats Made New We Clean, Re-Block and Re-Shape Felt and Panama Hats.

GEORGE SPYROS, Proprietor

We also carry a big： line of

Tee Cream, Sandies and WATERTOWN, WIS.

s

Cigars, Cigarettes and Candies TOM MAKAS 410 Main St*

|

Hayes & Christensen BILLIARD and POOL ROOM Lunch Counter in Connection Chewing Gum ，Cigarettes and Tobacco

Julius Bayer Wholesale and Retail Dealer in

MEATS and SAUSAGES Watertown,

OF ALL KINDS Phone 25

Wisconsin

mm ELEW SHOP

We Recommend

116 N. THIRD ST. PHONE 59-W

“BOSTONIAN，， SHOES FOR MEN.

Biiy Your Easter I Dress Shoes and Oxfords at Spohn’s

Leo Reusch & Son

Style and Quality

210 West Main Street.

215 Main St. AT PRE WAR PRICES

w

HENEVER we take up our pen to write, it is hard to refrain from repeating the same thing we have

often told you—that: If ever you buy anything here that is not entirely satisfac­ tory in every respect, we will buy it back from you at full price with an added premium as our sincere thanks for returning it.

CHAS. FISCHER a SONS C0V United Mercantile Store

Wm. Gorder Co. 1 COAL，WOOD, COKE， SEWER PIPE

3 3 3

AND

3

BUILDING MATERIAL 608 Main Street

运.

Telephone 33-1R

miUiUiUiiWUiUiUiUiUiUiUilUUiiUUiUiUiUiU^

■

DR. E. J- HOERMANN

DENTIST COR. FIRST and MAIN STREETS

X-RAY Telephone Ko. 258

FIRST-CLASS WORK AT

$im Block ‘XDe Barber”

116 Third Street

Watertown, Wis.

R- C- Budewitz, Prop.

406 MAIN STREET

Telephone Connection

We keep you looking neat

URING 1921 as before it is our aim to D at all times handle merchandise of un­ questionable quality and to render a complete­ ly satisfactory service at all times. Should you at any time receive any merchandise that does not come up to our standard we should appredate very much to know of it.

BENTZMS Retailer of Quality Foods

Phone 214

312 BUSY STORES STANDS BETWEEN YOU AND EXHORBITANT PRICES WHEN YOU MAKE YOUR PURCHASES AT ANY J. C. PENNEY CO. STORE.

The Buying Power OF THESE COMBINED STORES IS REFLECTED IN THE QUALITY OF OUR MERCHANDISE, AND THE LOWNESS OF OUR PRICES.

COME AND SEE FOR YOURSELF THE SAVINGS WE MAKE YOU ON MEN，S WEARING APPAREL.

i

I :!

i

HOFFMANN-KELLY CO. BSTA.BLISH.l!.D 18�6

llJl,,t fldllR MIDI 8INI FmnblllBO Store lo �rrcrnoo and Dodge counties

Get Your Spring Clothes Now All of the latest style ideas o.re here Price may he a very important consider­ ation to you; it often But you can't is. wear ''price" wear and style is what you buy clothes for. You can'tho.vccither with out good qunlity. In

Hart Schaffner & Marx Clothes we nrc �iving you the h<·st qnnlity. Hecnu�e of the long service aml sntisfoction yougct­ thet:c clothes cost less by the ycnr thnn nny other.

Satisfaction or Your Money Back

Cop)'fi&ht 1920 Ifan Sclul'fncr & Marx\

Our store is filled with the new thingll for Spring-the latest pat• terns and matrrials in shirts, ncckwenr nnd furnishings. We wnnt you to come in o. n d Io o k around while our stock is iu perfect shnpe.

Hoffmann Kelly Co. YOUR CLOTHING

STORE

Buerger^s Meat Market The Home of Good Sausage Watertown, Ww.

112 Second Street

The purity and lowliness of Easter Flowers make them

Most Welcome Easter Greeting STUEBE FLORAL COMPANY Telephone 464-J ROBERT DOKRH

404 Main Street

FELIX LESCH1NGER

Doerr & Leschinger PLUMBERS Gasfitting and Sewerage 107 Fifth Street

Watertown, Wisconsin

THE WHOLE FAMILY will find enjoyment in one of our fine instruments.

Nothing give such real pleasure as music in the home.

WE HAVE A BEAUTIFUL LINE OF

Pianos, Player-Pianos and Phonographs Play© r-Rolls and Phonograph Records

Easy

Right Prices

Payments fulbransen Trade Mark.

g| Jas. D. Casey 屬 | {

I

(Established 1870)

I

F. E. KOSANKE, M. D. U5 MAIN STREET HOURS:— il-12 A. M

Office Telephone 210~J

2-4 and 7.8 P. M.

Res. Telephone 48通-J

Some Exceptional Great Valocs for the Next 30 Days Men's Rockford Socks, per pair at I5c Men’s Black and Brown Hose, per pair at__ §5c

MEN,S SHOES Men's Dark Brown, Tan and Black, best quality___ the pair__________________________________

$3,95

Men’s Brown and Black Blucher and English Dress Shoes, $10.00 value, per pair at_____________

$4.95

All the very latest styles in Men's Hats and Caps, Trousers and Shirts.

WATERTOWN，S

GREATEST BARGAIN STORE MAX WEGEMANN, Manager

PURE SUGAR

HOME MADE

Candies I X

ICE CREAM and SODAS

OPPOSITE1 PUBL IC UBWWY

STAR

Lunch Restaurant 604 MAIN STREET

GOOD MEALS and LIGHT LUNCHES AT REASONABLE PRICES.

Cigars, Cigarettes and Tobacco.

Wm. Schubert, Prop.

1

Ice Cream Candy Soda Box Candies Hot Drinks

OLYMPIA

.

i

Candy Kitchen

One of the most important ingredients of candy is sugar and the best candies con一 tain the best sugar. Purity is the one re­ quisite in candy making and must be ob­ served by anyone who mixes these delica­ cies.

Since Easter is not far off, which means it is time that you look for your

4

X

Easter Candies

1

To be sure of quality and prevailing low prices do your purchasing here.

I

Come to

•-：

Wm. PAPPAS Fslice

201 Marn St.

Phone 294-J

Watertown

1

Dr. Frank R S chlueter DENTIST 215 MAIN STREET OIKc* Fhone 156-W 512-J

Watertown, Wis.

R«a.

IF IFS HARDWARE

JOHN G. KNISPEL

Nuff Said

Wholesale and Retail

WE HAVE IT

ICE

Qivo us a Trial

I

DEALER IN

HARDWARE TMATS ON THE SQUARE

307 Main St

•

Watertown, Wis

Phone Connection

WATERTOWN,

WIS.

Basketball

EVERYTHING in POCKET

AND ALL KINDS OF

CUTLERY and RAZORS.

Sporting Goods

Salick9s Jeweler

at the Bridge

W. A. NACK FRESH AND SALT MEATS FISH and POULTRY IN SEASON

Phone 19-W

Examine our Line befor buying：

D.& F. liusel Co. 108-110-112 W. Main St.

Cbe Store of Quality \ WM. GEHRKE \ DRUGGIST '0 315 Main Street.

Watertown, Wis ^

••欲W

No. 621 Main St. WHILE YOU

Shoes Repaired WAIT A. SOHR.WEIDE 218 W«st Main Street.

Watertown’s Exclusive

CROCKERY

STORt

AUG. GAMM CROCKERY GO. 400 Main Str9«^

QHAS. HEISMANN “THE PAINT MAN”

汶

PAINTER

DRUGS - SODAS The Best Drug Store is the Student’s Headquarters

Courtesy, Service and Reliability Our Motto.

and DECORATOR

關TH & BANDELIN 204 MAIN ST.

CORRECT

Phone 609-J ^ Watertown

Picture Framing

KODAKS AND SUPPLIES

108 THIRD STREET

Cigars

For PICTURES of QUALITY

2

1

r<

if

The Denninger Studio

•Vi

Drs. A. & 1VL Schlueter

DENTISTS 313 Main Street

Watertown，Wls.

R J. KOSER BAKER THE PLAGE WHERE THEY MAKE GOLDEN CRUST BREAD 111 Second Street

THE BLACK and RED CIGAR • NOW LEADS 'EM ALL & THE OLD LaFLORA 10 Cents

Telephone 502-W

STUDENTS!

SCHLUETER BROS.

Smoke

Wilkowski Bros

deposit your funds with this bank and make all payments by check.

No matter how small•your account will receive careful attention.

High Life Cigar i

=A. WIGGENHORN Sc SON

I

JBWEIiBRS

Bank of Watertown “The Oldest Bank in Watertown”

i

Chiropractic— (A Principle)

"Nerve force" is the necessary element of vis­ ible life. On this all authorities agree.

The Chiropractors are the only ones who put this well known scientific principle into every day practice.

Should this nerve force be shut off from the body death soon follows.

Is it not logical then that should a part of this force be kept from any part of the body that disease or lack of function will be the outcome?

i .<■

丄 ；

Chiropractic is the health method which has found that when the spine or backbone is placed in proper alignment all signs of ill health and disease vanish.

There is a chirooractor in your town. Ask him to explain this principle in detail.

€

LOWER PRICES increase the val­ ues in our display

of

Kuppenheimer Good Clothes Because we have mark­ ed ourclothes on a basis of the Spring 1921 lower price levels, you now get the benefit of future reductions.

The new prices en­ able you to buy Kuppenheimer good Clothes at substantial savings, No better clothes can be found elsewhere at any prices.

s 105

Kuppenheimer Suits and Overcoats for Men and Young Men at

Bie REDUCTIONS other leading makes “Clere Clothes" and “Stadium"

H

EvGiyt_ Reduced

A. ' THE BIG CASH STORE，.

Fop Quality and Service GO TO UNION

Ed. Hirumann

SHOE REPAIR RightBarberAcross$bopfrom Shop

10% Discount for Students 417 Main Street

E. H. COOK, M. D. Practice limited to

EYE, EAR, NOSE AND THROAT

the Postoffice “THE JUNIATA” WM. SCHIMMEL & SON Carry a full line of CIGARS, TOBACCO AND PIPES WE SOLICIT YOUR PATRONAGE

120 WEST NADI STIUT

SPECTACLES AND EYE CLASSES SCIENTIFICALLY FITTED Hours 9 to 4

OIficc9 Hcrtcl & Hoffman Bldg：.

Ed. Warner

HIGH GRADE

BUILDING MATERIAL

including Kellastone

Barker Lumber and Fuel Go.

Meyer’s Gallery 114 Third St. A STUDIO THAT ALWAYS PLEASES

A TRIAL WILL CONVINCE YOU THAT OUR STYLES ARE ALWAYS UP TO THE MINUTE.

EAST END BARBER SHOP. 602 MainSt.

Watertown, Wis.

W. D. SPROESSER GO. JEWELERS

Pianos and Victor Victrolas

111 Main St.

?lionc No. 259-J

OWEN，S DRUG STORE 412 MAIN STREET NEAR CORNER OF FIFTH

Complete Line of Kodak Supplies

Bring in your films for dereloping and printing.

24 hour service.

•ft

麵

STYLES—The popular model 01 day at LOWER PRICES.

INSTRUCTOR

P4>r明r职m ^iiutar 雄itflitt nub fMAo 109

G

IFIaot

HOFFMANN BUILDING

CHAS- MOY Laundry North Fourth Street HERMAN T. NOWACK De.aUr in Croeerles Feed A Flour Vegetables and Fruits in Season Telephone 595-J Watertown, Wl*.

1UN. Fourth St

Main A. KALIEBE 616 Street

White PalaceBarber Shop

Watertown's Leading Furniture

FAMILY SHOE STORE

S -T- O - R - E

First-Class Work ^ As

Bert C. Froemmlng

w H A. >

408 HabiSL

Watertown, Wis

fiarl ^ Jfxxhmxk Dcaltr la

RELIABLE FURNITURE UNDERTAKER AND LICENSED EMBALMER

PriTato Chapel Up-to-Date Equipment 313 MJUN STREET JKm. 1系tm, fubf Phone 64 .Res. 'Phone 61-W

Rest

⑽1 Chair F. C. KECK & CO. 110-112 Main Street.

You will find a complete line of FR.UITS of all kinds in season fit

John £• Heismann CASH GROCER 115 MAIN STREET

TELEPHONE 6

A SAVING PLAN FOR EVERY MAN .• AT THE ...

Merchants National Bank •3

WATERTOWN, WIS.

naBfggMaarom«i!fimaiaaaamgfifigiaaggaitfigffiffitfgfi«tfaagi

Sunnyside Barber Shop

Kodaks PAUL H. BEHLKE and NYAL

The

The Corner Druggist

W. E. Volkmann, First-Class Barber Haircuts 25c Shave 15c

Store Watertown, Wis.

EXCEPT SATURDAYS HAIRCUTS 35c

High Grade Candies, Cigars and Cigarettes.

<

Suppliec

0. F. KURZWEG DEALER IN

FINE BOOTS, SHOES AND RUBBERS. • Please Give Us a Trial We Try to Give Satisfaction

BITTNER & TETZLAFF Drugs

402 Main St.

Mutchler’s Grocery

5? i

CARRY A FULL LINE OF

STAPLE AND FANCY GROCERIES Phone 75.W

413 Western A

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College Athletic Supply Co. 1 FINE

Base Ball, Catalog on request

Basket Ball, Foot Ball, Tennis Supplies Milwaukee, Wis.

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