MML Review: November/December 2023 Issues by Missouri Municipal League

REVIEW

A U N I T E D V O I C E F O R M I S S O U R I M U N I C I PA L L E A G U E C O M M U N I T I E S

THE MISSOURI MUNICIPAL

November/December 2023

Housing Issue

www.mocities.com 1 Short-Term Rental Regulations | Affordable Housing | Nuisance Abatement

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THE MISSOURI MUNICIPAL

November/December 2023; Volume 88, No. 6

CONTENTS Features 8

The Capital City's Collaborative Approach For Housing Solutions

by Rachel Senzee

A Look At Short-Term Rental Regulations And Considerations

by Lindsey Kolisch

Nuisance Abatement

Housing Resources From The Missouri Department Of Mental Health

by Stephanie Karr

New Approaches To Planning And Zoning To Incentivize Housing

Missouri Cities Working To End Homelessness

30 Joplin's Housing Revitalization Programs Provide Assistance To Citizens by Lynn Iliff Onstot

National League Of Cities And The American Planning Association Launch The Housing Supply Accelerator by Lauren Lowery

Departments 4 6 35

32 42 44 47 48

President's Review Mayor's Review MML Annual Conference Recap • Conference Photos • Thank You • MML Innovation Award Winners • 2023 Certified Municipal Officials • MML Distinguished Service Award

Getting To Know You: Dana Webb MML New Board Members

MISSOURI MUNICIPAL LEAGUE BOARD OF DIRECTORS President: Matt Turner, Alderman, Harrisonville; Vice President: Len Pagano, Mayor, St. Peters; Immediate Past President: Michele Deshay, Mayor, Moline Acres; Judy Bateman, Alderman, St. Peters; Damien Boley, Mayor, Smithville; *Chuck Caverly, Council Member, Maryland Heights; Bryant DeLong, Mayor, North Kansas City; Reed Dupy, Council Member, Chillicothe; *Joe Garritano, Council Member, Wildwood; Jerry Grimmer, Council Member, Bridgeton; Cemal Umut Gungor, City Administrator, Grandview; *Chris Lievsay, Council Member, Blue Springs; Ken McClure, Mayor, Springfield; Sheryl Morgan, Clerk, Blue Springs; Lori Obermoeller, Finance Director, Creve Coeur; Thomas Oldham, Council Member, Sedalia; Ryana ParksShaw, Mayor Pro Tem, Kansas City; Steve Rasmussen, City Manager, Cameron; Marcieta Reed, Alderman, Vinita Park; *Matt Robinson, Mayor, Hazelwood; Mike Roemerman, Mayor, Ellisville; *Kathleen Rose, Mayor, Riverside; *Carson Ross, Mayor, Blue Springs; Erin Seele, City Attorney, Kirkwood; Robert Smith, Council Member, Poplar Bluff; Gerri Spencer, Alderman, Kearney *Past President AFFILIATE GROUPS Missouri City Management Association; City Clerks and Finance Officers Association; Government Finance Officers Association of Missouri; Missouri Municipal Attorneys Association EDITORIAL Laura Holloway, Editor Lholloway@mocities.com Richard Sheets and Lori Noe Contributing Editors GRAPHIC DESIGN Rhonda Miller The Review November/December 2023; Volume 88, No. 6 The Missouri Municipal Review (ISSN 00266647) is the official publication of the Missouri Municipal League state association of cities, towns and villages, and other municipal corporations of Missouri. Publication office is maintained at 1727 Southridge Drive, Jefferson City, MO 65109. Subscriptions: $30 per year. Single copies: $5 prepaid. Advertising rates on request. Published bi-monthly. Periodicals postage paid at Jefferson City, Missouri. Postmaster: Send form 3579 to 1727 Southridge Drive, Jefferson City, MO 65109. To contact the League Office call 573-635-9134, fax 573-635-9009 or email the League at info@mocities.com. Website: www.mocities.com.

Member News MML Calendar Of Events

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President's Review

by Matt Turner, Alderman, Harrisonville, and MML President

Giving Back It is such an honor to begin serving as your new MML president for the coming year. I am grateful for past leadership who have provided such a wonderful example of dedication and service. In particular, thank you Mayor DeShay for your service this year! MML wrapped up a fantastic Annual Conference in Kansas City in September. More than 575 officials from 196 municipalities attended strong sessions regarding cybersecurity, infrastructure funding, capital asset management and so much more. We also welcomed 45 more officials to our growing group of those earning the designation of Certified Municipal Official through the Municipal Government Institute. Also, 11 more officials were honored with the Advanced Municipal Government certification. Well done!

Our citizens elected us to serve, and it is important for us all to give back to that same community. Even more, we need to work to bring citizens along with us and increase public engagement for all.

One of the things I enjoy most about the MML Annual Conference is the opportunity to talk to so many new local leaders. It is wonderful to share stories and learn about the work happening in communities across Missouri. I have also had the opportunity to serve at the national level with the National League of Cities, and the impact of learning from so many local leaders cannot be overstated. One thing in particular stands out – the passion for community. I see time and time again where a leader is not only serving in their role as mayor, council member, etc., but spends time in true civic engagement. Our citizens elected us to serve, and it is important for us all to give back to that same community. Even more, we need to work to bring citizens along with us and increase public engagement for all. When we invite members of our community to join us, whether for a fundraiser, a beautification event or a local celebration, we bring them into the process of making our community great. When a citizen is engaged and wants to be a part of the process, it inspires more to join, and the vibrancy of a community grows.

Treat your community as your own home and take care of it. Finding ways to become civically engaged, and encouraging others in the process, is a great way to begin. Whether through a local food bank, a service organization, your church or school, start anywhere! I look forward to serving as your MML president this year and learning more about our members and city initiatives. Remember to stay engaged as we look to the new year and a new legislative session, and watch for MML notices regarding training opportunities, meetings and the MML Capitol Report. As always, contact MML when you have questions. We are ready to serve you with resources and training that will help you serve your city well.

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2024 IMPORTANT DATES! January

June August

1 – City clerk provides State Auditor with report of bonds and coupons retired by the city since the previous report (§ 108.260 RSMo) 3 – First day of Missouri Legislative Session 23 – Final certification date for April 2 municipal election

31 – Deadline to file bond issuance report to DED (Chapter 100) (§ 100.105 RSMo)

27 – Final certification date for November 5 general election

28 – New state statutes go into effect (Mo Const. Art. III, § 29)

1 3

31 – Submit W-2s and 1099s to IRS. Also distribute to employees. May also be required for TDDs, CIDs, & 353 Corporations. (26 U.S.C §6051 (W-2) and 26 U.S.C. §6041 et seq. (Form 1099))

February 6 21-22

21-22 – MML Legislative Conference

March 1

1 – Deadline to submit MML Innovation Awards application

1 – Deadline to submit MML Annual Conference speaking proposals

April ASAP (At the first meeting of the council or asap as soon as possible.) – Collector to make list of delinquent property taxes (§ 94.320/94.170 RSMo) 2 2 – Municipal Election Day 8 – Deadline for estimated tax rate to 8 County Clerk (§ 137.243 RSMo)

May

6 – Election Day

September 1

6 – Bond Election Day

28-29 – Submit report to DED of businesses that have relocated to a TIF district (§ 99.810.3 RSMo) or development 28-29 area under MODESA (§ 99.980 RSMo)

7-13

8-9 – MML Elected

8-9 Officials Training Conference

1 – Deadline to set property tax levy for non-charter county cities (cities in charter counties, deadline is October 1) (§ 67.110 RSMo)

15-18 15-18 – MML Annual Conference

15 – Deadline to re-adopt the city’s personal financial disclosure policy

October 1

1 – Deadline to set property tax levy for charter county cities (cities in non-charter counties, deadline is September 1) (§ 67.110 RSMo)

November 5 15

5 – Election Day 15 – TIF Annual Reports due (§ 99.865 RSMo)

December 10

10 – First day for candidate filing for 2025 municipal election. Office must open at 8 a.m.

31 – Last day for candidate filing for 2025 municipal election. Office must remain open until 5 p.m.

7-13 – Missouri Local Government Week

17 – Last day of Missouri Legislative Session

28 – Final certification date for August 6 general election

Note: Cities must publish the semi-annual financial statements and submit the annual financial report to the state auditor. Deadlines for these important documents depend on the start of the city’s financial year. Significant penalties may result from failing to comply with any of these provisions. www.mocities.com

Mayor's Review

by Quinton Lucas, Mayor, Kansas City

Kansas City Housing Progress As Mayor, my administration strives every day to build more inclusive communities for all, whether a small business owner, an immigrant, someone re-entering society from incarceration, or a family like mine who experienced housing insecurity—we work every day to ensure everyone has a chance to thrive. When we look at building a more inclusive city, improving housing and ensuring every Kansas Citian has a place to lay their head at night are vital steps. When people are housed and have their needs met, our neighborhoods become more vibrant, safer, happier and healthier places. Since becoming mayor in 2019, my administration has completed a tremendous amount of improvements related to affordable housing and homelessness response. I was proud to champion Kansas City’s first Housing Trust Fund, putting historic investments into affordable, safe, stable and dignified housing opportunities in all areas of our community. Thanks to Kansas City voters’ approval of a $50 million bond last year, we are proud to have committed a grand total of $75 million into our Housing Trust Fund, that has resulted in more than 1,000 affordable units built and preserved so far for extremely low, very low, and moderate-income households. Over the next four years, we are committed to producing 8,000 units of affordable housing units from our Housing Trust Fund and strategic economic development investments, providing housing to thousands of Kansas City families. We have already completed two rounds of awards, with a wide variety of unique projects. Our Housing Trust Fund Board reviews and selects projects based on need and whether the project addresses the preservation or creation of affordable, transitional, or supportive housing or the creation of housing and homebuyer assistance. As a result, we have been able to create and preserve housing for hundreds of families, veterans, women in recovery for substance abuse, and a cottage community for LGBTQ young people who are struggling to find stable housing. As we continue to increase our affordable housing inventory, we must also ensure Kansas Citians are able to stay housed. A little over a year ago, I was proud to sign Kansas City’s Tenants Right to Counsel ordinance, created to provide free legal counsel to those facing evictions. The program has been a success over the past year, helping level the scales for those in court trying to fight evictions on their own. Over the past year, thanks to our City’s strong partnership with Legal Aid, Heartland Jobs, and the University of Missouri-Kansas City (UMKC), we have been able to keep more than 1,000 Kansas Citians housed and avoid evictions. Kansas City is also working to improve the way we respond to homelessness. Thanks to voters earlier this year, we now have a steady stream of revenue from a 3% marijuana tax—our first dedicated source of funding in Kansas City’s history for homeless prevention. With that funding, we are working to expand our capacity to support more street outreach workers, case managers and care coordinators to meet people where they are and ensure they are connected to the right resources. We know we also must address the underlying behaviors perpetually preventing unhoused individuals from obtaining and keeping housing, whether it is substance abuse or severe persistent mental illness. The marijuana tax revenue will help us create a housing model focused on ensuring individuals experiencing homelessness are prepared for independent housing and are able to stay housed. We are also currently accepting proposals for creating a low-barrier emergency shelter with expanded permanent supportive options and substance abuse beds. Each of these initiatives will

theReview November/December 2023

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help us toward our goal of ending homelessness in the next five years. While Kansas City and many of our great cities in Missouri are experiencing incredibly exciting times, we are committed to be a city where we can walk and chew gum. We can build a brand-new, state-of-the-art airport, win Super Bowls, and host exciting events, but we can also invest historic sums into affordable housing and invest in best practices to prevent evictions and homelessness. More progress is ahead in Kansas City as we continue working to make our City a great place for everyone to live, work and play.

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FEATURE Review

by Rachel Senzee

The Capital City's Collaborative Approach For Housing Solutions

As a society, we tend to view issues through the lens of our own experiences and environment. Before we start a conversation about affordable housing, think about your own life stages and the types of housing you have lived in thus far. Has your home always suited the needs of your lifestyle? Where do you see yourself living in the future? A healthy housing environment in a community is ideally one where individuals can move into different housing types that align with the various stages of their lifecycles. This goal, simplistic in nature, requires a tailored approach of community-driven solutions. The municipal perspective of this article is through the lens of Jefferson City, Missouri, and how the community is approaching the housing issue.

Do We Have A Housing Problem? In the fall of 2019, Jefferson City was still assessing the impacts from the EF-3 tornado that had hit in May of that year. We knew we had lost 152 housing units and that the number of individual assistance claims through the Federal Emergency Management Association (FEMA) was likely going to open up disaster recovery funds through U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development’s (HUD) 8

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Community Development Block Grant (CDBG-DR) program. During this time, city staff met with the Jefferson City Housing Authority and two directors of local nonprofits to discuss whether Jefferson City had a housing problem. Local nonprofits described struggles finding any housing for their clientele, as well as a shift in the type of clientele they were seeing. They were experiencing an organizational shift from working with individuals to overcome issues with dependency, mental health or maintaining employment, to dealing with families and individuals who were steadily employed but homeless. The expressed concern was that there was not enough affordable housing to place this new group, and those struggling with mental health issues and homelessness were not receiving the services needed. In contrast, the Jefferson City Housing Authority described a surplus in housing choice vouchers and available units within public housing. Full disclosure – city staff walked out of that fall 2019 meeting leaning toward this being a tornado recovery issue and not a housing issue. Cognizant of the national housing crisis, we felt the housing market in Jefferson City was still affordable when compared with the extreme housing costs reported in larger cities.

What is Affordable Housing? Affordable housing means the cost of housing – rent or mortgage – plus utility payments, total 30% or less of a household’s gross income. Affordability is 30% regardless of the range of gross income. Federal programs utilize Area Median Income (AMI) to determine the dollar amount eligible for affordable housing. This dollar amount changes as a community’s AMI is updated.

The onset of the COVID-19 pandemic originally delayed housing conversations as communities went into emergency management mode. We received notification Jefferson City was going to receive tranches of CARES Act funding through CDBG (CDBG-CV) in March 2020. At this phase, we knew the City was going to receive large sums of funding from CDBG-DR and the CARES Act, but we did not have a good plan on where those funds would be most effectively deployed. Housing conversations were brought back to the forefront within the nonprofit community as State Assistance for Housing Relief (SAFHR) became available and the eviction moratorium was enacted. Tornado recovery and the pandemic created a collaborative environment for Jefferson City’s nonprofit community and conversations turned into task forces throughout the course of 2020 and 2021.

Turning A Challenge Into An Opportunity The positive impact of the City’s involvement in task force participation was a greater understanding of what resources already exist in our community and where we have significant gaps. The challenge of identifying gaps and potential solutions was always presented with anecdotal information based on the experiences of the nonprofits. The task forces also struggled with individual missions. How can we work out a problem as nuanced as housing with a group of entities with differing missions? To that end, the City utilized CDBG-CV funding to produce a housing study. Benefits of producing a housing study: • Provides a data-driven playbook that will allow any entity to participate and still be within the lanes of their missions. • Implement strategies based on organizational strengths of community entities. • Identify areas where the City could make smart investments with federal funds that can be leveraged with other opportunities. While working with the consultant on the housing study, the City was also working on obtaining access to

$7.3 million in CDBG-DR funds for housing recovery. The data from the draft housing study was instrumental in the public engagement meetings that led to identifying key grant programs needed and corresponding budgets for the identified activities. During this same time period, a coalition focused on workforce development through the Jefferson City Area Chamber of Commerce had been meeting to address some of the challenges Jefferson City’s major employers were encountering with maintaining enough labor force. The greatest external impact to the employment sector was identified as housing. In short fashion, housing became an economic development issue. The final report of the housing study came out in August 2022 and confirmed that Jefferson City faces housing challenges. Our housing stock no longer fits the needs of our community. Key Findings of Jefferson City’s Housing Study: • Older millennials and older adults are driving population growth. • The housing stock is aging, particularly among rental units. • Single-family homes dominate the housing stock. There is a tight supply for rental housing across price points. • Home prices and rents have increased over the last decade driven by supply constraints. • 76.7% of workers in Jefferson City commute in from surrounding communities. • Housing gaps exist at the low- and high-income ranges. The housing study answered many questions for our community. The surplus of housing choice vouchers from

Keynesian Economics A macroeconomic theory of total spending in the economy and its effects on output, employment and inflation. Used as a response to the Great Depression, World War II and the Great Recession. Key Takeaway: Anytime there is threat of drastic economic downturn, the federal government will pump large-scale spending programs into the economy. CARES Act, ARPA, BIL, Inflation Reduction Act are all designed to prevent the economy from going into a depression. Municipal governments should be prepared for an influx of grant opportunities during economic crises.

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the Housing Authority, mentioned at the beginning of this article, is because landlords in this community simply do not need to accept them. Landlords have a waitlist of market rate applicants. Why jump through HUD hoops if you can just go to the next person on the list? We also recognized the need to support more multi-family housing. The last 5+ multi-family apartment buildings were constructed in 2007. Limited options create pressure on the rental market and restricts the population from moving into housing that fits the need.

Swing And A Miss C D B G - D R f u n d i n g f or n e w construction of multi-family has the ability to leverage Low-Income Housing Tax Credits (LIHTC) through the Missouri Housing Development Commission (MHDC). In 2022, Jefferson City had three housing developers interested in pursuing the layered funding package. Community outrage from those on both sides of the affordable housing issue reacted through social media, the press, and to City Council. The pursuit of jurisdictional support by the developers was met with a 5-5 council split, with the Mayor breaking the tie in favor of the resolution. MHDC received more than 300 letters of support and opposition from organizations and individuals during the public comment period for proposals. Reasons for opposition 10

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focused on negative impacts to the public school system, high concentration of “Section 8,” crime and fear of multi-family dwellings located next to single-family subdivisions. The LIHTC program has been in existence since 1986 and this was the first time MHDC had seen this amount of opposition from a community. Jefferson City did not receive a 2022 LIHTC project. Despite one of the projects scoring second in points, the development was denied LIHTC due to the amount of opposition received.

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Rebound And Recovery What happened in late 2022 may have been the best thing that could have happened to this community. The setback and corresponding fallout stimulated a focused conversation about housing. The Chamber declared housing as its top priority for 2023. Jefferson City Regional Economic Partnership views housing integral to economic growth and has taken a hands-on approach with housing developers. Two housing projects are pursuing 2023 LIHTC and received unanimous support from City Council this time. The MHDC Commission will announce awarded projects this December. From the municipal perspective, the City has committed to keeping the data produced in the housing study fresh and updated. We know housing needs are driven by the needs of our community and want to stay apprised of shifts and changes in the market. We also continue to work with our community partners in implementing the strategies outlined in the housing study. Rachel Senzee is the neighborhood services supervisor for the city of Jefferson City. Neighborhood services manages Housing and Urban Development (HUD) programs, historic preservation, trash and recycling, and other federal funding opportunities. Ms. Senzee began working for Jefferson City in 2019 and has more than 13 years of experience in the fields of grants management, historic preservation, project management, and community engagement.

Affordable Housing Tips 1. Create an environment where everyone has a seat at the table and feels they can contribute to the solution. 2. Look at the whole ecosystem of housing. This City has a short supply of higher income housing stock that pressures our middle housing market. This is a great opportunity for private developers to relieve the pressure off the top and allow movement into different housing price points. 3. Have a third party produce a housing study tailored to your community. Reach out to your regional planning commission if local funds are not available.

She holds a bachelor’s degree in history from Southeast Missouri State University and a master’s degree in public history from the University of Arkansas-Little Rock.

View the Jefferson City Housing Study at https://www.jeffersoncitymo.gov/newsdetail_T14_R96.php. Jefferson City utilized Community Development Block Grant funding to procure RKG to conduct the housing study. Consultant selection began in July 2021 and the final product was received in August 2022. The consultants requested as much data as the City could provide on the local level, as well as community contacts that impact housing. There were some data requests the City simply did not have because housing had not been a function of local government until recently. Data collection was the most labor-intensive aspect of the project. The consultant held a series of virtual meetings with City staff to discuss data anomalies and draft review. A good resource for communities that do not have a housing study, but are looking for a place to start, can be found at the Local Housing Solutions website: https://localhousingsolutions.org/housing-needs-assessment/. Communities can also utilize their respective regional planning commissions.

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FEATURE Review

by Lindsey Kolisch

A Look At Short-Term Rental Regulations And Considerations

The abundance of short-term rentals has cities across the nation wondering what kind of regulations they can create, how to enforce those regulations, and how to balance the conflicting desires of their residents, some of whom want to own short-term rental properties, and some of whom want to prohibit short-term rental properties altogether. Residents worry that short-term rentals will create noise or trash nuisances, disrupt the residential characteristics and aesthetics of their neighborhoods, and lead to housing shortages and higher rents. Cities may have these concerns as well, but also want to ensure that any applicable taxes are collected, that there is a property owner who can take care of a problem if one arises, and that short-term rental regulations do not overwhelm city staff. This article aims to give cities suggestions on possible

short-term rental regulations, while also acknowledging that the kind of regulations cities may impose will be dependent on the city and future litigation.

Considerations Before Drafting Regulations Before drafting short-term rental regulations, a city should seek input from residents to determine what residents want to see from short-term rental regulations. What is working? What is not? Has the city already passed regulations that are applicable to short-term rentals? A survey or public hearing will give residents a chance to voice any concerns and let the city know how detailed residents want their short-term regulations to be. A city should also consider the ability of

staff to enforce any regulations that are passed. Will additional staff be needed? Should a complaint system be set up? Which department will process permit applications? Cities should also be aware that legislation and litigation can always change how cities are allowed to regulate short-term rentals. These regulations should be continually updated and reviewed, both for legal compliance and to ensure that the regulations are functioning as they are intended. Despite the interest in regulating short-term rentals, there is relatively little litigation discussing the legality of regulations within Missouri. Because the law on short-term rental regulations is far from settled, cities should be aware that, despite even the best intentions, litigation may follow the passage of regulations. Some cities may prefer to www.mocities.com

be cautious, while others may be ready to be the test case for short-term rental regulations. One area that has been litigated is whether a city can prohibit short-term rentals unless a primary resident remains in the rental, meaning that the rental must be owner-occupied to operate legally. In 2019, the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals ruled that cities can require all short-term rentals to be owner-occupied and thus prohibit all short-term rentals that are operated without a resident in the home with the transient guests.1 While this ruling is not binding on Missouri courts, when the question comes up, Missouri judges are likely to look at this decision to help guide their thinking. Cities should also keep in mind the home-based business statutes that were passed by the Missouri General Assembly in 2022. Located at 71.990 RSMo and 89.500 RSMo, these two statutes place limits on cities’ ability to regulate home-based businesses, defined as “any business operated in a residential dwelling that manufactures, provides or sells goods or services and that is owned and operated by the owner or tenant of the residential dwelling.”2 These statutes have not been interpreted by Missouri courts yet, but they appear to allow cities to prohibit non-owner-occupied short-term rentals, while prohibiting cities from disallowing owner-occupied short-term rentals. These statutes do not explicitly apply to short-term rentals, but it is likely that short-term rentals will fall under the definition of home-based business.

be subject to additional requirements designed to preserve the residential character of the neighborhood and peace and safety of the residents. Cities might require that property-owners obtain annual permits from the city to operate. This might be a conditional use permit or a specialized short-term rental permit. Short-term rental operators may also be required to obtain a business license. Permits should only be issued when the applicant has demonstrated compliance with all applicable city code provisions. A public hearing and notification to surrounding property owners may be required. Some cities that have started a permitting and public hearing process allow the short-term rental permit to be approved or denied by the planning and zoning commission. If cities require permits, they also need to have an appeals process for denied permit applications; if the planning and zoning commission approves or denies the permit, the board of aldermen or city council can act as the appellate body. Finally, cities should also be prepared to assess penalties for violations and to revoke permits when necessary. The levels of penalties will be dependent on the city but might act in the same way as business license penalties and revocations do. Frequent violators may

ultimately end up with a revoked permit, or significant violations may result in a revoked permit after a single violation. Cities must give permit holders due process, so notice and an opportunity for the permit holder to be heard must be given before revocation.

Taxes Short-term rentals are subject to taxes just like any other business located within the city. Which taxes are applicable will depend on the city, but may include sales and transient guest taxes. How taxes are collected and remitted will also depend on the booking platform. Cities may have agreements with the booking platform that require the platform to collect and remit taxes, or short-term rental operators may need to collect and remit taxes themselves. The type and amount of taxes applicable to short-term rentals will be dependent on each city’s governing statutes.

Nuisances And Safety One of the biggest concerns of neighbors involving short-term rentals is the potential of the rental to turn into a nuisance property. Without a resident living at the rental full time, the rental can easily begin to cause problems for the neighborhood; the trash does not get

Permitting, Appeals And Violations Generally, short-term rentals are defined as a dwelling unit that is rented to transient visitors for a period of less than 30 consecutive days. Classification of short-term rentals is likely going to be dependent on the city itself. Some cities have classified short-term rentals into how many days they are rented out in a year, while others classify short-term rentals by which zoning district the dwelling unit is in. Some cities differentiate between short-term rentals in residential districts and those in all other districts. Short-term rentals located in residential districts may 14

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picked up, the yard and exterior begin to fall into disrepair, or parties with loud music into the night start happening every weekend. One solution that cities have found to be helpful is to require that the property owner designate a local agent who will be available 24/7 should the city need to contact someone about the rental property. That way, while the visitors will change, there is at least one designated person who will be able to answer any complaints and knows who is occupying the rental. Cities have passed regulations that require short-term rental property owners to have plans that ensure trash is collected, noise levels are monitored, and parking is provided. By asking each property owner to establish their own plans, cities allow property owners flexibility to determine what sort of plans work for each property. Safety requirements may not allow as much flexibility, and instead require property owners to have insurance, smoke detectors, carbon monoxide detectors, fire extinguishers, emergency exit and shelter-in-place plans, and also require

the property owner to submit to an annual inspection prior to receiving a permit. In conjunction with these regulations, cities have required property owners to post neighborhood guidelines in each unit, similar to emergency exit plans posted on hotel room doors. These guidelines could include contact information for the unit’s designated agent, emergency exit or shelter plans, and rules regarding trash disposal, occupancy limits, parking and noise restrictions. Cities might consider creating a short-term rental map or index so that residents and staff can easily know if a property that is holding itself out to be a short-term rental is operating within the city’s regulations.

With little litigation on short-term rental regulations, cities may choose to be cautious or aggressive; many of the regulations mentioned in this article are yet to be tested in the courts and their legality will be highly dependent on the state statutes applicable to the city, city code provisions and particular facts. Cities should work closely with their city attorney, planning and zoning, and community development staff to ensure that any short-term rental regulations are permissible and practicable. Finally, cities need to recognize that legislation and litigation will eventually provide more guidance that may result in adjusting regulations. Lindsey Kolisch is an associate attorney at Lauber Municipal Law, LLC in Lee’s Summit, Missouri. She can be reached at (816) 525-7881 and lkolisch@laubermunicipal.com.

Conclusion

End Notes:

Above all, the ability of cities to regulate short-term rentals will be dependent on the powers given to cities through the Missouri General Assembly.

See, Rosenblatt v. City of Santa Monica, 940 F.3d 439 (9th Cir. 2019) 1

71.990, RSMo.

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FEATURE Review

by Stephanie Karr

Nuisance Abatement I am sure that almost every person reading this article has received a question or complaint from a constituent relating to the condition of a nearby property. While challenging to deal with, municipalities have the authority to pursue abatement of nuisances, that is, those conditions that may be harmful to the public’s health, safety and welfare. It should be noted that, while general procedures are addressed here, many situations will present unique circumstances that must be specifically considered. This article should not take the place of the advice from someone who is familiar with the specific facts relating to a particular property and you are urged to involve the city attorney.

Nuisances Not all code violations will constitute a nuisance. Nuisances, in general, are conditions that have the potential to adversely affect the health, safety and welfare of the general public. The city must determine, at the outset, whether a particular condition is a nuisance.

Abatement There is statutory authority for a city to abate nuisance conditions for the public good. However, before the city undertakes the work to remedy the nuisance, the city must follow certain procedures to ensure that the property owner receives due process. If the city follows the correct procedure, the costs incurred by the city to abate the nuisance will become a debt of the owner and a lien on the property. There are separate statutes and procedures to address general nuisances and dangerous buildings. Therefore, they will be addressed separately here.

General Nuisances Section 67.398 RSMo sets forth the general procedures for abatement of nuisances.1 A detailed written notice must be sent to the property owner and, if the property is not owner-occupied, to the occupant of the property.2 The notice must (i) contain a description of each condition of the property that is declared to be a public nuisance; (ii) set forth the action that will remedy the nuisance; and (iii) set forth a reasonable time, not less than 10 days,3 in which the owner must remedy the condition identified in the notice.4 16

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Please note that if a person cannot reasonably complete the work within the minimum 10-day time period, the city must give such person a “reasonable time” to comply. Although Section 67.398 does not expressly require a hearing, the general principles of due process dictate that the owner and occupant should be given an opportunity to be heard to allow them to state their position to city officials. Therefore, the city may want to consider whether to (1) automatically provide a date and time for a hearing or meeting or (2) allow the owner or occupant to request one. In either case, the date and time or instructions for requesting a meeting may be included in the written notice. The written notice must be given by personal service or by first-class mail to both the occupant of the property at the property address and the owner at the last known address of the owner, if not the same.5 If the owner and occupant fail to remedy the nuisance conditions within the time prescribed in the notice (or as extended by the city), city officials may have the nuisance abated.

Dangerous Buildings Sections 67.400–67.450, RSMo provide for demolition or repair of buildings or structures that are damaged or deteriorated so as to be detrimental to the public health, safety or welfare. If the owner fails to act, the statutes allow the city to take certain actions with respect to a derelict structure including demolition. The city should have an ordinance in place that

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provides procedural safeguards including adequate notice and a full evidentiary hearing. Section 67.410 RSMo lists several provisions that should be addressed in the city’s ordinance. Once the city has identified a derelict structure as a nuisance, the city must notify the owner and all interested parties,6 including occupants, mortgage companies, and lien holders, that the building has been declared a nuisance. The notice must be personally delivered to the owner and interested parties or sent via certified mail, return receipt requested.6 If the owner or an interested party cannot be found, the statute allows for publication of the notice.7 Publication is also an option if the owner is deceased and the matter is not before the probate court and heirs are unknown. The notice should: (i) specify the property that has been declared a nuisance; (ii) order the action that must be completed (repairs, boarding up, demolition); (iii) set forth a “reasonable” time for commencement of the work; and (iv) set forth a date, time and location for an evidentiary hearing8 that is more than 10 days after the date of the notice. A “full and adequate” hearing includes the right to be represented by counsel, the right to present evidence, and the right to examine the city’s evidence. The city should consider making a record even if no party appears for the hearing; a transcript of the hearing where the city’s evidence is presented will provide support for any subsequent order to demolish or repair the building. The city’s evidence should be competent and substantial.9 Following notice and hearing, the city’s designated official must issue an order to the owner and other interested parties detailing his or her findings and orders the necessary actions to be taken in order to remedy the nuisance building.10 Owners and interested parties have the opportunity to appeal the official’s order to the circuit court.11 Once again, if the owner or other interested party fails to act and the dangerous building continues to pose risks, the city may act to abate the dangerous building; in most cases, that means demolition. It should be noted that the statute authorizes the city to provide for emergency measures in its ordinance that may be undertaken when there is an immediate danger.12 Emergency measures should only be taken in the most extreme situations. An inspector should monitor the building on a daily basis and document the changes to the stability of the structure as Kansas City did in the case of Kansas City v. Jordan.13 Following such emergency action, the city should still provide the owner and other interested parties with due process.

Administrative Warrants Unless the owner consents to the city’s entry upon its private property to either conduct an inspection or perform nuisance abatement, an administrative warrant is generally required. The procedure of sending written notice and holding a hearing is not a substitute for a warrant.14 It should be noted that there are limited exceptions to the warrant requirement; a determination of whether an exception applies requires a fact-intensive analysis. 18

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Special Tax Bills And Liens If work is performed to remove or otherwise abate the nuisance, a tax bill is issued and sent to the owner. The amount is a personal debt of the property owner and a lien on the property until paid.15 While both the statutes for general nuisance abatement and demolition of dangerous buildings result in a lien and debt of the property owner, there are a couple of differences with respect to recovery of costs. In the case of abatement under Section 67.398 RSMo, the cost of the city’s abatement may be added to the annual real estate tax bill for the property if the county collector allows for such. If a building has been demolished under Section 67.400 and following, most cities must grant an owner, upon request, an installment plan of up to 10 years to repay the costs of demolition. In addition, a demolition contractor may recover costs via a mechanic’s lien. Although the law allows for recovery of the costs incurred for nuisance abatement, the city should be prepared for the realization that some abatement costs are simply not collectible. The city should see that not as a failure, but as a necessary public safety cost.

Extraordinary Remedies When all else fails, the city may have other legal remedies to address ongoing code violations and nuisance conditions including a lawsuit seeking a court order mandating that the violations be cured16 or a lawsuit to place residential rental property into receivership resulting in independent management of the property.17 These remedies are rarely used and require a very specific process. The city attorney’s role in these matters is essential.

Conclusion Properties that are subject to nuisance conditions have an adverse impact on the neighborhood and, often, pose serious health concerns for those in the area. There is ample statutory authority to address such public health and safety risks and the governing body should consider an approach to code enforcement that is appropriate for the city given its staff and resources. Stephanie Karr is a principal with Curtis, Heinz, Garrett & O’Keefe. Karr concentrates her practice in the field of municipal law and real estate. Prior to joining the firm, Stephanie spent almost nine years with the County Counselor’s Office in St. Charles County, serving as one of two attorneys working during the County’s transition from a three-member Commission form of government to a Council/Executive Structure under the County’s new Charter. End Notes: For end notes please contact Missouri Municipal League at 573635-9134 or info@mocities.com.

Housing Resources From The Missouri Department Of Mental Health

The following resources provide information and assistance in locating affordable and accessible housing: Department of Mental Health Housing Manual http://dmh.mo.gov/housing DMH policies and procedures regarding the Shelter Plus Care grants and the state-funded Rental Assistance Programs. Application for Shelter Plus Care http://dmh.mo.gov/housing Provides rental assistance and supportive services. Missouri’s Guide to Housing Assistance Programs http://dmh.mo.gov/docs/ada/housingbook.pdf A guide for families seeking housing assistance programs in Missouri.

Resources for Affordable Housing: Missouri Housing Development Commission Affordable Housing Locator http://ahl.mhdc.com Provides a list of apartments by area. HUD Affordable Housing Resources https://www.hud.gov/topics/rental_assistance Provides information regarding locating public housing programs as well as privately owned subsidized housing in your area. USDA-Rural Development https://www.usda.gov/topics/rural/housing-assistance Provides a search for properties for sale or multifamily housing rentals. Centers for Independent Living (CIL) https://mosilc.org/silc-related-links/accessible-housingresources/ Provide community based supports throughout MO. Socialserve.com http://www.socialserve.com A search engine to locate available affordable housing by location. Missouri Association for Community Action (MACA) http://www.communityaction.org/ Offers Community Action agencies in all counties. They offer low cost housing programs including housing for individuals who are homeless, assistance with home repairs, rent and utilities.

Foreclosure Prevention & Mitigation Resources: Homeowner Crisis Resource Center - 1.866.557.2227 Provides access to certified housing counselors who can assist families going through foreclosure, including homeowner information and financial tools. Toll free.

888.995.HOPE - Toll-free hotline for homeowners providing foreclosure avoidance information and counseling. Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Foreclosure Resource Ctr. http://www.stlouisfed.org/community_development/ foreclosure/default.cfm Provides foreclosure resources for consumers. Federal Reserve Board Foreclosure Resources http://www.federalreserve.gov/consumerinfo/foreclosure.htm Provides information on foreclosure prevention, scam tips, and credit counseling resources. HUD http://portal.hud.gov/hudportal/HUD?src=/topics/ avoiding_foreclosure Includes links to information and resources relating to a wide variety of foreclosure issues.

Other Housing Resources: Homeless Shelter List http://www.homelessshelterdirectory.org Provides homeless shelter directory, including contact information by city. Community Development Block Grants http://www.ded.mo.gov/programs/cdbg/grant-information Awards money to state and local government for their own community priorities, governed by Missouri Department of Economic Development (DED). Housing Trust Fund http://www.mhdc.com/housing_trust_fund/index.htm Missouri Housing Development Commission (MHDC) provides grants to organizations developing housing projects for low-income families. HUD’s Summary of Missouri Landlord-Tenant Laws http://portal.hud.gov/hudportal/HUD?src=/states/ missouri/renting/tenantrights Includes a list of HUD field offices and the housing assistance council.

Additional Resources Housing Resources Tip Sheet: https://dmh. mo.gov/media/pdf/housing-resources-tip-sheet Housing Resources: https://dmh.mo.gov/ housing/unit/housing-resources Rental Assistance: https://dmh.mo.gov/housing/ unit/rental-assistance Housing Development: https://dmh.mo.gov/ housing/unit/development

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FEATURE Review

New Approaches To Planning And Zoning To Incentivize Housing

Reducing Regulatory Barriers to Housing: A View From Columbia The fact of a housing crisis in America is plain. Increasing numbers of persons pay too much for housing or are unable to find suitable places to live. The severity of the crisis varies by region, with populations in coastal metropolitan regions most severely affected. Small and medium-sized cities, however, are not immune. Here in Columbia, according to the latest census estimates, approximately one-third of households are paying more than 30% for housing and the associated utilities costs. This defines them as “cost burdened.” Among renters, who make up just over 50% of all households, the percentage of cost-burdened households is approximately one-half of the total. Lack of affordable housing is a symptom of a larger and more intractable problem: disparities in income distribution. Housing is both a basic need and it is a means for wealth creation. Some buy and rent in response to personal need, while others buy and sell residential property for personal financial gain. Many do both; many of us grew up hearing that buying a house is the best investment you can make. Affordable housing is everyone’s problem, and it is both local and national in scope. Fortunately, Columbia has a strong civil society and many community leaders, representing nonprofits, the faith community, design, development and real estate professionals, and government are dedicating themselves to local solutions. An Affordable Housing Coalition has organized to examine and vet strategies. The Columbia Housing Authority is modernizing its housing units and expanding its stock through public-private partnerships. A local builder is organizing a charitable foundation to leverage the construction of starter homes. The City has

sponsored a private, nonprofit Community Land Trust that offers a model for long-term homeownership. Boone County and the city of Columbia are cooperating in a comprehensive housing study to understand local needs. As the page turns on the new fiscal year, the city of Columbia is organizing a new Housing and Neighborhood Services Department that will be dedicated to housing and neighborhood resources. Local government is about service delivery, so what services can municipalities offer that improve access to housing? Streamlining regulatory processes is one of several strategies that municipalities can undertake. Columbia has made and is making changes to regulations that will make more production of more affordable housing possible. Zoning, which divides cities into land use districts and establishes minimum standards for development, by its nature restricts private activity in the interest of public health, safety and welfare. A century ago, zoning was a new innovation adopted by cities to mitigate and prevent crowding and unsanitary conditions. As more cities adopted them, they continued to do this work, but also became more complex and began to be associated with social exclusion. Singlefamily residential districts mandated minimum lot areas. As land became more expensive, dwelling sizes increased in proportion to rising land costs. For more than four decades in America, average house sizes grew even as the average household sizes declined. Now there is a groundswell of support for smaller dwellings and more housing choices, including efficiency apartments, tiny homes, accessory dwellings, rooming houses, cottages, attached or zero lot-line homes, loft conversions and residential hotels. www.mocities.com

• PLANNING AND ZONING TO INCENTIVE HOUSING • These solutions have to be legislated into existence. In Columbia, the City removed minimum dwelling sizes (650 square feet for houses; 400 square feet for apartments) in the last comprehensive code update. We legalized the accessory dwelling unit (ADU) that can be a small (less than 800 square feet) freestanding cottage; in-house apartment; or a garage/ carriage house apartment. We created a process for “cottage subdivisions” that reduces minimum lot areas and widths to accommodate more modest-sized homes. The building code has legalized tiny homes. Parking requirements are waived for apartments created in existing downtown buildings. Soon the City Council will consider a zoning amendment that will allow the use of existing “substandard” (undersized) lots for single-family dwellings in Columbia’s oldest neighborhoods. Passage of the amendment will discourage disinvestment in existing single-family homes and encourage economical “infill” construction of new dwellings. Still standing in the code is a definition of family that limits the number of unrelated adults living together, regardless of the capacity of the dwelling. A better approach is to allow as many persons to occupy a single dwelling as the property maintenance code will allow, provided they live as a single housekeeping unit. That is, legislate against crowding, not against home-sharing.

Also still standing is the primacy of the single-family zoning district. This district occupies easily one-third of Columbia’s land. The single-family attached dwelling is the only residential type allowed. Accessory dwelling units may be considered on a case-by-case basis, meaning each one that might fit on a single-family zoned lot requires its own ordinance. Zero lot-line, semi-detached, quad homes, rowor townhomes, require rezoning to be allowed, as do cottage subdivisions, bungalow courts, or pocket neighborhoods of small homes on small lots arranged around shared common areas for more economical development. The City recently approved a subdivision in a high growth area that offers a mix of housing types, from single-family detached to apartment buildings. No subsidies are involved. In the future, the City may look at partnerships where the City bears some of the cost of subdivision infrastructure where developers can leverage affordably-priced housing. Overcoming regulatory barriers is a partial solution; it needs to be part of a multi-pronged strategy to create and preserve affordable housing units. Understanding the unmet housing needs of the local population and designing strategies to meet those needs is where we begin.

Excelsior Springs, Missouri: Planning And Zoning Actions That

Incentivize Affordable Housing

As the availability of affordable housing is critical for a community to thrive, the city of Excelsior Springs has made amendments to the planning and zoning code and has offered incentives to encourage the preservation and improvement of affordable housing.

Building Code Policy When a resident approached the City about needing to have a wheelchair ramp built at her home, a review of the plans revealed that in order for the proper grade to be accomplished, the ramp would have been placed too close to the property line. This was a violation of the adopted building code. An amendment was approved that allows for accessibility ramps to be placed closer to the property line so that the proper grade on the ramp can be achieved.

Preservation The city of Excelsior Springs has an active Historic Preservation Commission and three nationally recognized historic districts. Excelsior Springs was established in 1880 and therefore there are many buildings in the downtown district that are 80-100+ years old. The City has a history of wellness tourism dating back to its earliest days centered around several mineral wells that were believed to have 22

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Built in c. 1911, this was once a boarding house for tourists who came to seek relief from the mineral waters in Excelsior Springs. Now the building houses several tenants in three apartments located in one of the downtown historic districts.

healing qualities. In order to house the many patients and tourists who came seeking relief from the mineral waters, several boarding houses were built downtown and many remain to this day. These houses each have from two to six units. Most of these buildings now contain affordable small apartments. The preservation of these buildings is essential to the integrity of the historic districts, and ensures affordable housing within walking distance to historic downtown.

• PLANNING AND ZONING TO INCENTIVE HOUSING • Tax Abatements

Universal Design

Tax abatements are available to property owners with buildings in the historic districts. When a property owner removes blight and makes improvements to their property, they may apply to have their property taxes abated for up to 10 years. This innovative financing mechanism eases the cost of improving historic properties, many of which are affordable rental units and small owner-occupied homes.

Excelsior Springs has adopted a policy offering incentives for new builds or remodels that include Universal Design elements. Building permit fees can be refunded when the final inspection confirms that a minimum set of Universal Design elements were completed.

Accessory Dwelling Units (ADUs) The City has amended the zoning code to allow for attached or detached accessory dwelling units on residential properties. We are continuing to evaluate best practices regarding ADUs and will adjust our policy so that we can make them attainable to as many residents as possible.

Cottage Housing An amendment to the zoning code has been adopted that provides for cottage housing developments. These developments would allow for greater density, smaller square footage and lot sizes, increasing affordability. These developments are an excellent option for senior housing. We continue to seek ways to ensure there is housing available for all residents who wish to call Excelsior Springs home, no matter their situation or stage of life.

Springfield's Focus On Future Housing only review supply and demand but focus on a gaps analysis at various income levels. In addition, the consultant has completed an exterior conditions assessment of the City’s 50,000+ single family units. This study will identify citywide and neighborhood-focused housing priorities and provide policy alternatives and intervention strategies to guide the City in decision making for future housing needs. In addition, a parallel project to create a new development code has just started. Following a recommendation from the City’s new comprehensive plan, Forward SGF, the City’s zoning and subdivision codes will be replaced with a new development code. In keeping with the new plan, this code will follow a guiding principle of “quality of place.” Through this lens, the new development code will promote an increased design focus in exchange for greater flexibility and a diverse mix of uses that will support the Basic generator operation and electrical distribution creation of complete neighborhoods. Emergency generator procedures Emergency system maintenance This project will assist in encouraging creative housing types to enhance Your own trusted staff already service your dump trucks, Springfield’s housing diversity and motor graders, and dozers, why not the generator? provide smaller-scale and more affordable housing options. It is Call me: Paul Harris 816-373-4594 envisioned that once adopted, it will increase housing choices through moderate increases in density, while maintaining the neighborhood character Email me: paul@generatorhelponline.com Springfield residents cherish.

Springfield has long been known for having a housing market that was affordable. However, like other cities in Missouri and around the country, this fact has been shattered with the housing shortage and skyrocketing housing prices through the pandemic. The city of Springfield used this calamity to hire a consultant to conduct an independent housing study of the City’s housing stock. This study will not

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FEATURE Review

Missouri Cities Working To End Homelessness

City Of Independence Homelessness is a complex social issue that manifests itself in the cities with people that are unhoused, doubledup in housing units, sleeping in cars, or otherwise living in areas not fit for human habitation. Moving people who are unhoused toward permanent housing requires a broad response from many partners, including municipal services, social services, mental and physical health, and substance abuse disorder treatment. With limited preventative housing services available, cities often choose costly city service-based responses to homelessness, including deploying police and fire services to deal with non-emergency situations. In Eastern Jackson County, there are 68 emergency family shelter beds. There are no emergency shelter beds for single people. This is not sufficient to meet the community’s needs. The Point-in-Time (PIT) count mandated by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) identified 128 unsheltered people experiencing homelessness in January 2023. In an increasingly interconnected world, the power of collective action cannot be underestimated. Communities that come together, support one another, and work towards common goals can create positive change that transcends

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individual capabilities. The Independence TOGETHER program is a remarkable initiative that exemplifies the strength of unity and collective action. This program stands as a beacon of hope, offering valuable resources and support to individuals seeking to overcome housing instability and lead independent lives.

The Genesis Of Independence TOGETHER Independence TOGETHER (Together Opportunities Grow Everyone To Help Empower Resiliency) is a partnership between the city of Independence and Community Services League (CSL) that focuses on two community issues – assisting residents who are experiencing homelessness or housing instability, and contributing to community beautification by reducing roadway litter. Through the program, participants obtain employment as a crew member reducing roadside litter along main streets in Independence and receive coaching to help move towards permanent housing. The program was approved by the Independence City Council on March 20 and officially launched on March 27. The program is funded through a $100,000 grant from the city of Independence’s allocation of federal American Rescue Plan dollars.

• MISSOURI CITIES WORKING TO END HOMELESSNESS • Program Overview Those eligible to participate in the program include: • Anyone living on the streets or in their car. • Anyone living temporarily in a hotel or motel. • Anyone couch surfing with friends or family. • Anyone living in a half-way or sobriety house. • Anyone in a CSL transitional housing program. • Anyone with disabilities. • Unaccompanied minors. Employees are paid $12/hour and are paid daily at the end of their shifts. In addition, $3 per hour is put in escrow towards a participant’s housing savings fund. After every 100 hours worked, employees can request $300 paid toward any housing expense. These might include daily/weekly/monthly motel rental, past due rent and utilities, deposits on new utility services or apartment rental, or any other expense that promotes permanent, stable housing. Employees are also provided with proper work attire and supplies, including high visibility safety vests. Breakfast and lunch are offered to employees. CSL works to connect employees with additional housing resources and programs and attempt to place them in permanent jobs. They also assist employees in securing the appropriate state-issued identification and documents needed to enter the workforce.

We do not want people to be on the Independence TOGETHER team forever. Our long-term goal is to help workers transition to permanent, full-time jobs when they are ready. There may be full-time options available with the city of Independence, MoDOT, other employers in janitorial work, environmental services, general construction/laborer, job site cleanup, and many other jobs that employees will be well-prepared to access after receiving on-the-job experience through the program.

Success Stories The impact of the Independence TOGETHER program is perhaps best illustrated through the success stories of those it has served. Numerous individuals have not only regained their independence but have also become active contributors to their communities. Since launching in late March, there have been five individuals that have graduated from the program into other permanent employment. Today, there are 10 active crew members and an additional 45 applicants interested in participating. CSL plans to keep a smaller crew during the fall and winter months with plans to increase staff in the spring. The program is also having a major improvement on community health and beautification. As of October 12, there have been 8,374 bags of trash collected representing a total of 209,350 pounds of trash. Crews are averaging 4.5 miles of roadway cleanup per day.

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Independence TOGETHER is more than just a program; it is a movement that embodies the spirit of community and solidarity. It serves as a beacon of hope for individuals facing challenges on their path to housing stability. By fostering inclusivity, providing holistic support, encouraging community engagement, and advocating for change, it empowers individuals to lead fulfilling, independent lives. It also addresses a longstanding community frustration as roadside litter is being continuously cleaned up, helping to improve the appearance of the community. As this program continues to grow and evolve, it stands as a shining example of the incredible achievements that can be realized when communities come together to support one another.

www.mocities.com

• MISSOURI CITIES WORKING TO END HOMELESSNESS •

City Of Maplewood And City Of Richmond Heights

Social Services Coordinator

Many traditional municipal services do not provide indepth assistance for individuals and families struggling with personal crises such as mental health, aging-in-place concerns, and housing insecurity. Each case has unique barriers and needs that must be addressed. In response, the cities of Maplewood and Richmond Heights partnered to create a new social services coordinator position in 2022. This shared position provides support with valuable resources, professional rapport, and experienced guidance to ensure that all within our communities have access to the services needed, regardless of their socioeconomic, racial, ethnic or citizen status. The primary goal is to connect those in need with the social services coordinator, identify the unmet needs, and develop a plan to address those needs. The social services coordinator has built partnerships with local community churches and organizations to assist community members with navigating financial barriers. In the first six months, more than 44 community members were referred to the Social Services Coordinator for assistance in obtaining housing, food, clothing, identification, mental health support, wellness checks and more.

The social services coordinator has built partnerships with local community churches and organizations to assist community members with navigating financial barriers.

The future is bright in Maplewood and Richmond Heights with this new support system. We believe our collaboration is a model for other cities in our area. We hope that our example will inspire other cities to join this work and add resources to our region so that together we can all share resources, expertise and improve the lives of our residents.

City Of Sedalia

Keeping It Transitional

In late 2021, Sedalia began to realize there was a need to address homelessness. The issue was not overlooked previously, but it seemed that many needs were being met for the demographic. Sedalia churches had stepped up to provide warming and cooling shelters in times of extreme temperatures. The community was not lacking service clubs and organizations whose members helped connect neighborhoods, and nonprofits provided food pantries, clothing closets and health resources. However, the needs required a solution far beyond providing a handout — there had to be the opportunity for a hand up. In January 2022, the City Council of Sedalia decided to start addressing the needs of the homeless. At the first public hearing, we heard from community leaders, citizens and those who needed that hand up. Those already serving the homeless spoke of the need for more help and many mentioned the possibility of building a homeless shelter. We heard success stories from those who had reached out and received that help. After spending hours hearing from the community, the Council’s next step was to form a “Transitional Services

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Committee.” This committee included a council representative and nonprofit executive directors, pastors and other leaders in the field of community service. The Transitional Services Committee was committed to finding a solution and worked tirelessly to do so. The Committee’s first step was to determine where the homeless individuals were coming from and where exactly the need for housing was located. Next, research was completed to find out what other similarly-sized communities were doing to address the need. Then, with the help of planning and zoning, an ordinance was crafted. Lastly, the City Council reviewed the ordinance. The results did not come overnight. In fact, it was not until a full year after the committee began working that the ordinance was crafted. The City Council realized the way to beat homelessness was to make it transitional. In this ordinance, we provided the pathway of a homeless shelter, allowed for transitional housing, and highlighted the need for support services.

• MISSOURI CITIES WORKING TO END HOMELESSNESS •

City Of Sikeston

Sikeston Unhoused

of homes, then single houses at increasing intervals separated In a Missouri Bootheel courthouse, a group of elected by expansive farms. The houses here were in disrepair and officials were preparing for the 2010 census and were yards were strewn with an assortment of abandoned items. perplexed when addressing the question, “Where do homeless In a patch of lonely woods, was an encampment of cars, people congregate in the County”? One of the people uttered, campers and sheds linked with blue tarps strung over head. “There are no homeless people in this county.” That statement Not seeing any sign of people, we were advised that it would could not have been farther from the truth, but it is evidence not be safe to poke about. She shared that these spaces, none of the invisibility of the homeless in rural America. of which were suitable for human habitation, were “rented” The Delta Area Economic Opportunity Corporation to the inhabitants for a few dollars a day. For those without (DAEOC), a Community Action Agency serving the Bootheel money, drugs and sex are used as currency and collections of Missouri and some of its poorest counties, has operated were swift and severe. a homeless shelter for many years. It has six efficiency, With very limited access to corporate or foundational apartment-like rooms that allow family units to remain assistance, the unsheltered of rural Missouri rely on the together but are always full and always has a waiting list. resources of the few organizations who provide services While it is not uncommon to see homeless sleeping on the with shoestring budgets. Missouri’s 19 Community Action crowded streets in urban areas, the vast, sparsely populated Agencies partner with an assortment of other organizations portion of rural America allows the unsheltered to seemingly to attempt to provide a safe and dignified existence for the disappear. Barns, sheds and silos provide some shelter from homeless. They work with the individuals and families to the elements, as do tents and improvised camps in remote address the issues unique to them that have resulted in their patches of woods and hedgerows. In some remote areas, challenges. homeless encampments grow from a menagerie of tents, campers, cars and building materials cobbled into a structure. The complex recipe for becoming homeless in rural In the towns and cities, vacant homes and buildings provide Missouri is different for each of those impacted but common some relief from the heat, cold, rain and snow but almost ingredients include drugs, illness, mental illness, and physical, always lack electricity, plumbing and water. emotional, and sexual abuse. Once homeless, the likelihood of being impacted by each of these factors increases making In a recent Point-In-Time count, an attempt to count it more and more difficult to escape. The homeless or America’s homeless on a predefined date each January, unsheltered do exist in rural Missouri, often at portions that DAEOC employed an amazing resource. A young woman, who until recently had been a guest at the homeless shelter, served as a guide to identify the homeless in the county. It was eye opening as she revealed the Your trusted complex homeless culture in our rural community. She called out to a man sitting at a table at a convenience store. She called him by name and introduced us with the assurance that we were there to help. In another convenience store, we Construction found a similar table, empty this time, and she informed us thatAdministration the employees shew away the homeless before the Kansas City Office Services busy hours. As we drove through the Bootheel city, she pointed out abandoned houses that were frequented by the unsheltered and shared the horrifying price of spending the night there. The tour continued as loading docks, Aquatics Drinking Water Geomatics/ Transportation Wastewater Stormwater partially open garage doors, and narrow Surveying Management overgrown alleys were pointed out as “home” to the homeless and she recalled her experiences staying in many of these. LampRynearson.com Progressing farther from the small city, towns turned to hamlets, then to clusters

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• MISSOURI CITIES WORKING TO END HOMELESSNESS • exceed that of major cities where homelessness is labeled “a problem.” As in industry, when demand exceeds supply, a problem exists. This is the case for shelter space for the homeless in rural Southeast Missouri. There is limited space to serve victims of domestic violence, recovery centers for substance abuse, and warming centers that provide an escape from the cold during the nighttime hours when temperatures reach a specified threshold. DAEOC offers the only shelter of its type with six efficiency apartmentlike units that allow families to remain together while a team of DAEOC staff help them with individualized plans to address their needs. In addition to excess demand, the shelter is also located in an area of Sikeston prone to flash flooding. Periods of heavy rain have resulted in rapidly rising storm water filling the street, then the yard and then the building. The city of Sikeston has worked diligently on the issue improving movement of storm water out of the neighborhood, but flooding persists. The issue impacts the shelter, homes and apartments, and the City’s fire station. When the Missouri Department of Economic Development announced Community Development Block Grant COVID fund availability, DAEOC and the City began to work together to propose a solution for the homeless in the City and surrounding area. The City as applicant and DAEOC as a sub-applicant applied to build a new shelter with eight single units and four, twobedroom units. The $1.9M project also relied on the vision

of the Land Clearance and Redevelopment Authority (LCRA) of Sikeston. Since its formation, the LCRA has improved the “blighted” area in the City providing decent well-planned neighborhoods. One tract of land was the epitome of blight. The tract had been subdivided into 14 lots. The tiny, crowded block was a vestige of deferred maintenance, abandoned structures, unpaid taxes and high crime. LCRA acquired the lots one by one over time, removed the structures, and cleared the deeds to the property. LCRA then donated the entire tract to DAEOC to be the new home of the DAEOC Homeless Shelter and a portion of the local match for the grant. LCRA transformed one of the most dangerous blocks in the City into what will be a refuge for its homeless. In addition to the 12 residential units, the center will have ample space for staff to work with those seeking services, and space for clothing, food and hygiene supply storage. The center will also feature a shower room and laundry when units are not available and to those who choose not to stay. The lot will also provide green space shaded by its century old trees. Even before groundbreaking, the community is getting behind the project. A local pet groomer has pledged their services for the pets that occasionally accompany the guests and several local businesses have expressed interest in furnishing individual rooms. Discussions have started with a local behavior health provider that may lead to placement of an onsite counselor. The collaborative effort of the City, LCRA, DAEOC and all of these community organizations has made it possible to convert what was one of the City’s most dangerous blocks into a beautiful and invaluable resource.

City of Springfield

O'Reilly Center For Hope

The city of Springfield continues to add resources from various federal grants to assist the homeless in finding shelter in the post-pandemic environment. The City has dedicated more than $5 million of combined American Rescue Plan Act (ARPA) and HOME Investment Partnerships American Rescue Plan (HOME-ARP) funding for the establishment of non-congregate and congregate shelters that can provide transitional housing for homeless individuals, as well as families with children. Prior to the pandemic, the City made a $1 million Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) investment for the creation of an affordable housing center. The City provided a nonprofit partner, Community Partnership of the Ozarks, with a $1 million deferred CDBG loan to acquire a 100-year-old vacant elementary school building to be used as an affordable housing center with a significant focus on homelessness. This loan leveraged an additional $1.8 million in private donations to rehabilitate the 23,000-square-foot school into the O’Reilly Center for Hope, a state-of-the-art homeless intake and assessment 28

theReview November/December 2023

center. The Center provides a central location for collaborative agencies with a cross-section of housing and people-centric resources to improve life trajectory towards self-sufficiency. The City annually contributes more than $150,000 for O’Reilly Center operational expenses. The O’Reilly Center for Hope is a community hub focusing on improving the lives of individuals, families with children and veterans who need help to become housed and self-sufficient. Accessing services is frequently difficult for those living in poverty or experiencing homelessness, but having this single site reduces transportation and other access barriers for those seeking help. The O’Reilly Center brings together multiple partner agencies in support of affordable housing and financial stability. More than one dozen partner and service organizations share office space in the O’Reilly Center, including: “One Door” homeless central intake, Burrell Behavioral Health, WIC, Catholic Charities of Southern Missouri, Missouri Job Center, Greene County Health Department, Consumer Credit Counseling Services, Veterans Administration, Habitat for Humanity, and the Springfield Community Land Trust.

• MISSOURI CITIES WORKING TO END HOMELESSNESS • The City also provides an annual U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) CDBG program that supports, among other essential community services, homeless and domestic violence public services. In recent years several nonprofit agencies received the benefit of these grants to provide a variety of programs including rent assistance, crisis maternity care, meals for domestic violence victims, crisis nursery for children from stressed families, and transitional living assistance for youth aging out of foster care. The City also allocated an additional $1 million of City HOME-ARP grant funds to focus on the development of more than 45 affordable rental housing units for homeless families, families at-risk of homelessness, and domestic violence victims. An additional $650,000 from an ARPA grant funded the development of a respite house, storage facility, showers, and outreach for the homeless.

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FEATURE Review

by Lynn Iliff Onstot

Joplin's Housing Revitalization Programs Provide Assistance To Citizens The city of Joplin will soon introduce a $7-million grantfunded housing revitalization initiative with programs designed to assist potential homeowners with downpayment assistance and existing owners with major systems repairs and maintenance to extend the life and quality of its housing stock availability. This concept was successfully introduced previously for the community, as the City offered the Joplin Home Assistance Program (JHAP) following the 2011 tornado disaster that helped 578 homebuyers move into new homes supported through Community Development Block Grant-Disaster Recovery funds. This program will be similar to the original JHAP, giving first-time homebuyers, growing families, seniors, veterans and all citizens an opportunity for home ownership. Eligibility is income-based, and assistance is limited to no more than 20% of the purchase price and not to exceed $40,000 per applicant. Home repairs are capped at $25,000 for major systems. “Owning their own home is a primary goal for many, and we’re pleased to offer a resource to help with down payment or closing costs,” said City Manager Nick Edwards. “This assistance can move citizens into home ownership versus renting and help provide a sense of stability and pride in their property, which also benefits the community.” Property owners needing to make home repairs and improvements to their existing homes is another area that Joplin will address through funding assistance. Home renovation can be costly, and this program will provide funds for qualifying homeowners making modifications to improve their structure for economic, safety and security reasons. This could include items like roof repairs, HVAC upgrades, modern windows and accessibility modifications, among others. The programs fit two of the City Council’s goals set after hearing input from a citywide listening tour in 2020. “Improving community appearance and addressing declining neighborhoods was a frequent comment during the surveys," said Joplin Mayor Doug Lawson. "These grants strengthen our abilities to get into the neighborhoods and help our citizens with housing needs." With the Missouri Department of Economic Development’s Community Revitalization grant providing $3.5 million and 30

theReview November/December 2023

The city of Joplin will soon introduce a $7-million grant-funded housing revitalization initiative.

the City’s match contribution from original ARPA dollars, the City will have $7 million committed to housing and community revitalization, including demolition of dangerous structures. “This residential home repair program will help our citizens with their unfunded needs of major issues in their homes and provide the longevity they want and need from their residence. We are proud to partner with them in their home investment,” said Edwards. Joplin is also looking to address related unhoused and entry-level housing issues, and separately, a homelessness strategic planning effort is also underway. The city of Joplin is currently working with a consultant team and has partnered with Joplin’s Homeless Coalition to help identify best practices in addressing related issues for the Joplin community. Many agencies, organizations and individuals who provide assistance, resources and information to the unhoused, along with interested general community members and business leaders, are participating in surveys and a series of community forums and focus groups, to learn about existing services and capacities to address identified gaps. The final plan is expected to be completed in early 2024. It will focus on the resources and collaborative efforts needed to help the unhoused transition through identified services to move toward a more sustainable lifestyle in the Joplin community. Lynn Iliff Onstot is the public information officer for the city of Joplin.

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FEATURE Review

by Lauren Lowery

National League Of Cities And The American Planning Association Launch The Housing Supply Accelerator The Housing Supply Accelerator (HSA), a partnership between National League of Cities (NLC) and the American Planning Association (APA), is a national campaign for locally driven housing supply solutions with a narrow focus on ways to expand, preserve and improve the quantity of quality housing units. Through this campaign, NLC and APA are focused on improving local capacity, identifying critical solutions, and refining processes that enable communities and developers to work together to produce, preserve and provide the diverse range of quality housing communities need. To achieve the campaign’s goal, NLC and APA are aligning the efforts of public and private stakeholders including local governments, community planners, developers, financial institutions, housing policy associations, and state and federal partners to meet housing needs at the local level. The results of this campaign will be resources for cities, towns and villages that support locally driven housing supply solutions that are diverse, attainable and equitable:

Why Is Now The Time? The United States housing supply is short nearly four million of what communities and residents need, even in areas that have previously experienced relatively stable markets.1 2 The impact of this is felt through low rates of housing 32

theReview November/December 2023

vacancies or availability, rising rents, and high home purchase prices. The shortfall is even greater for moderately and affordably priced housing, and for rental housing units.3 Across the country, community leaders, community planners and residents alike know from their own experiences the housing challenges this nation is facing. Communities across the country continue to experiment with new approaches, from locally-led zoning reforms to creating emerging developer programs, to find solutions to ease the nation’s housing burdens.4 Although locality needs vary widely by

community, the story remains the same: more housing is needed.5 Early this year NLC conducted a nationwide survey of local leaders between January 18 and March 1, 2023, to better understand their most pressing concerns and perspectives on possible solutions.6 From that survey, we have learned: • Local leaders from across the country report that expanding or diversifying local housing supply is a high priority. • Local leaders’ top housing concerns are largely shared across regions.

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These concerns include a lack of affordable units for low- and very low-income households, a lack of affordable workforce housing, and an insufficient range or variety of housing options. • Local leaders find common ground in the challenges they face to increasing housing supply. Challenges include construction obstacles, financial challenges, land use, zoning and permitting obstacles, and political or community opposition. • Over whelmingly, respondents are seeking funding solutions to meet housing demand in their communities. These results have validated the critical work of the Housing Supply Accelerator and assist the campaign with understanding their most pressing concerns and perspectives on possible solutions. With this understanding, the Housing Supply Accelerator and partners across all sectors, public and private, can better work together to address the critical housing needs across America’s cities, towns and villages.

What Have We Learned So Far? Since the launch of the Housing Supply Accelerator earlier this year, NLC President Mayor Victoria Woodards (Tacoma, Washington), APA President Angela D. Brooks, Fellow of the American Institute of Certified Planners (FAICP) and Steering Committee Co-Chair Mayor Corey Woods, have engaged a steering committee of local leaders and planners, each with unique perspectives and experience in intergovernmental relations, housing policy, planning, real estate, architecture, finance or development.7 NLC and APA have convened a steering committee, national, regional and local stakeholders and core partners to include the National Association of Homebuilders, the National Association of Realtors, and the Mortgage Bankers Associations on three issue area(s): construction and development, finance and land use and regulations across the United States. In Chicago, Illinois, a key takeaway from the convening on construction and development is the need for greater

The Housing Supply Accelerator Steering Committee and partners visit Solera, a large mixedused residential development project, in Renton, Washington.

public-private partnerships to help address the national housing crisis. Other areas of takeaways included:8 • Improving community engagement by working early, often and authentically before the start of a project. • Rethinking how houses are built across the country. • Addressing workforce shortages e x p e r i e n c e d t o d ay but a l s o awareness about future workforce shortages. In Tacoma, Washington, key takeaways from the convening on finance included providing local leaders with education and tools to better understand housing development finance and the availability of federal grants and resources available to local governments to assist with addressing local housing challenges. Other takeaways included:9 • Connecting local leaders to financial tools and resources of state, federal and national partners to address local housing supply challenges. • Developing collaborative partnerships between governmental bodies and private investors, including local major employers or philanthropic organizations, offers a strategy to pool resources and deliver transformative housing projects. • Utilizing federal grants available through disciplines related to housing such as transportation and sustainability.

In Washington, D.C., a key takeaway from the convening on land use and regulations included enhanced transparency, predictability and flexibility within the regulatory landscape. Other takeaways included: • Taking inventory of their zoning regulations and other pertinent land-use policies and understand what is allowed and pinpoint the areas in where the municipality can support growth and the areas with limitations as a starting point. • Assessing the permitting process, identifying gaps and opportunities to simplify it. • Updating building codes and land use regulations frequently to serve the community equitably.

What Is Next? To learn about the Housing Supply Accelerator or sign up, visit www.nlc. org. Lauren Lowery is the director for Housing and Community Development at National League of Cities. Her research focus at the National League of Cities includes housing supply, housing stability, homelessness and community development. She has a Master of Public Administration from Georgia State University’s Andrew Young School of Policy Studies and a Bachelor of Arts from the University of North Carolina at Charlotte. End Notes: For end notes please contact Missouri Municipal League at 573-635-9134 or info@ mocities.com. www.mocities.com

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• MISSOURI MUNICIPAL LEAGUE 89TH ANNUAL CONFERENCE • SEPTEMBER 10-13, 2023 • KANSAS CITY, MISSOURI

View MML's Flickr album for photos of the 2023 Annual Conference at: https://www.flickr.com/ photos/mocities/albums

www.mocities.com

• MISSOURI MUNICIPAL LEAGUE 89TH ANNUAL CONFERENCE •

theReview November/December 2023

Thank You!

You made it a wonderful Annual Conference in Kansas City!

NUMBERS = 612

CITY OFFICIALS & STAFF

= 185

CITIES REPRESENTED

= 150

NUMBER OF EXHIBITORS

= 59

PRESENTERS/SPEAKERS

= 1,205

SODAS ENJOYED

= 800

BAGS OF POPCORN

TOPICS

REVIEWS

EFFECTIVE STAFF/COUNCIL RELATIONS

I had a great time at the conference and enjoyed the experience. The event was well-organized, with plenty of exciting and informative sessions that kept me engaged from start to finish. The speakers were all experts in their respective fields and shared valuable insights and knowledge I can apply as an alderman. I also had the opportunity to network with like-minded professionals and other municipal leaders, a great way to make new connections and learn from others. I recommend this conference to anyone looking to expand their knowledge and connect with others in the MML.

DRAFTING SHORT-TERM RENTAL REGULATIONS BROADBAND WASTEWATER COMPLIANCE SOCIAL MEDIA SUNSHINE LAW ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT STRUCTURING AND MAINTAINING AN EFFECTIVE MUNICIPAL SAFETY PLAN LOBBYING 101: HOW TO BE AN EFFECTIVE ADVOCATE

Great conference! Loved the classes and the networking opportunities!

Mark Your Calendars to join us September 15-18, 2024, in Branson! www.mocities.com

• MISSOURI MUNICIPAL LEAGUE 89TH ANNUAL CONFERENCE •

Missouri Municipal League Innovation Award Winners 2023 MML Innovation award winners were honored at the MML Annual Conference during the Awards Luncheon. These awards honor outstanding projects happening in communities across Missouri that enhance the quality of life for Missouri cities. The projects illustrate the creativity of Missouri’s local officials and municipal employees as they serve their communities and keep Missouri cities vibrant. Learn more about winning projects at www.mocities.com.

CITY OF KEARNEY

CITY OF O’FALLON

CITY OF RIVERSIDE

O’Fallon’s Path of Heroes

Reaching Riverside

(Metro City, with population more than 30,000)

CITY OF MARYLAND HEIGHTS

(Large City, with population 15,000 -30,000)

Maryland Heights Sustainability Center

(Medium City, with population 5,000 – 15,000)

Pickleball and Skate Park Complex

(Small City, with population under 5,000)

Member Choice Award CITY OF MOBERLY Fennel Complex Project

2024 MML Innovation Awards 2023

theReview November/December 2023

Showcase Your Community! Learn more at www.mocities.com

• MISSOURI MUNICIPAL LEAGUE 89TH ANNUAL CONFERENCE •

2023 Certified Municipal Officials Forty-five Missouri municipal officials have completed training through the MML Municipal Governance Institute (MGI), and 11 officials have completed the Advanced Municipal Governance Institute (AMGI) program in 2023. These individuals were honored during the Awards Luncheon at the MML Annual Conference earlier this month in Kansas City, Missouri. The Municipal Governance Institute was created under the direction of the Missouri Municipal League’s board of directors, to provide a training program focused on the important areas municipal officials and professional staff need to best serve their communities. As the program evolved, the advanced program was begun to further instruct local officials on the challenges they face in local government.

“All MGI and AMGI participants spend many hours over several years attending workshops and lectures on the finer points of municipal government,” said MML Executive Director Richard Sheets. “Earning the CMO designation is a significant achievement, and I commend all participants for their dedication to become better informed and more effective municipal officials.” To qualify for the Certified Municipal Officials designation, participants must complete 16 credit hours in subjects ranging from the Missouri Open Meeting Law to budgets to planning and zoning. The advanced certification program requires an additional 14 core hours and three capstone projects in community service, advocacy, and leadership.

Recipients of the MGI certification are: Cozy Bailey, Mayor, St. Clair Bryan Barner, Alderman, Odessa Allan Behr, Council Member, Washington Tim Boeddeker, Alderman, Charlack Michele Brown, City Clerk, Waynesville Jason Eaklor, City Clerk, Berger Stacey Easter, Mayor, Park Hills Lauren Edens, Council Member, Wildwood Kelly Farkas, Alderman, Desloge Eric Franklin, Council Member, Republic Andrew Frazier, City Administrator, Glasgow Harrison Fry, City Administrator, Lake Ozark Gregory Hurd, Fire Chief, Aurora Cyndi Jennings, City Clerk, Oronogo Megan Johnson, Council Member, Rolla Maurice Jones, Deputy City Manager, Springfield Kristy Keithley, City Clerk, Clever Amanda Koren, Council Member, Waynesville Lori Lemons, City Clerk, East Prairie Jeff Lofton, Police Chief, Clever Melissa Mattson, Deputy City Clerk, Albany Abbie Ogborn, City Clerk, Wright City Pete Pasternak, Mayor, Desloge Lorri Powell, City Clerk, Rolla Trevor Pulley, City Administrator, Cape Girardeau Alicia Robertson, Prosecuting Attorney, Clever Matthew Rusch, Director of Public Works and Utilities, Centralia Debbie Ryan, formerly with O’Fallon

Nicole Sanders, Alderman, Moline Acres Allison Skinner, City Clerk, West Plains Robert Smith, Council Member, Hazelwood Bwayne Smotherson, Council Member, University City Gail Sneeden-Kindhart, Council Member, LaGrange Rachel St. Pierre, formerly with Park Hills Kari Standley, City Clerk/Collector, Bloomfield Eric Stevens, Public Works Director/City Engineer, Cameron Melissa Stradt, Deputy City Clerk/Utility Clerk, St. James Tara Strain, City Administrator, Centralia James Thomas, Alderman, Bellefontaine Neighbors Kathleen Trentmann, City Administrator, New Haven Phil Walsack, Associate, Burns & McDonnell Mike West, City Administrator, Butler Theresa West, Executive Secretary, Harrisonville Sean Wilson, Mayor, Waynesville Jen Worth, Administrative Assistant, Waynesville

Recipients of the AMGI certification are: Jeff Arp, Loss Control Specialist, MIRMA Sonja Abdelgawad, Council Member, Raymore Bryan Barner, Alderman, Odessa Andrew Frazier, City Administrator, Glasgow Celeste McGee, Alderman, Vinita Park Kim Nakahodo, Deputy City Administrator, North Kansas City Walter Reese, Alderman, St. Robert Alicia Robertson, Prosecuting Attorney, Clever Amanda Sikes, Alderman, St. Clair Matt Turner, Alderman, Harrisonville Sean Wilson, Mayor, Waynesville

If you would like to learn more about MGI and how to become a Certified Municipal Official, or learn more about the Advanced program, visit www.mocities. com/certifications.

www.mocities.com

• MISSOURI MUNICIPAL LEAGUE 89TH ANNUAL CONFERENCE •

MML Distinguished Service Award The Missouri Municipal League (MML) is honored to present Des Peres City Administration Doug Harms with the MML Distinguished Service Award. The award honors a current or former Missouri municipal official who has made outstanding contributions to the Missouri Municipal League. The selection committee considers a candidate’s length of service, enthusiasm and dedication, participation in MML activities and outstanding leadership in the association. Harms has an outstanding history of public service and leadership on municipal issues. He has been recognized by his peers repeatedly for his outstanding mentorship and expertise. In his tenure of five decades, Harms professionally managed the cities of Normandy and Glendale, and then served more than 30 years with the city of Des Peres. Harms has served as president for both the St. Louis Area City Management Association and the Missouri City/County Management Association. He served previously on the MML Board of Directors and currently sits on the board of directors for the St. Louis Area Insurance Trust, where he is a founding member.

Doug Harms, City Administrator, Des Peres and Michele DeShay, Mayor of Moline Acres and MML Immediate Past President.

Harms has been honored during his career with the Missouri City/County Management Association’s (MCMA) prestigious Jay T. Bell professional management award, as well as a recent award from MCMA for 50 years of public service. Harms received the award at the recent MML 89th Annual Conference Awards Luncheon in Kansas City, Missouri.

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LOCAL GOVERNMENT Review

Getting To Know You. . . DANA WEBB Mayor City of Oak Grove What sparked your interest in serving in local government? For about three years I asked the City to be on the park board. Webb Park is named after my family. I wanted to give back to the community and thought helping on the park board would be a good first step. Unfortunately one of the Board of Alderman passed away in 2017, leaving a vacancy. I was asked to fill the seat for the remaining term. I loved it so much I ran for the seat two more times. During my time on council my passion for city government exploded. When the mayor’s seat came open in 2020, I was approached by several citizens and council members about running. It was not on my radar. Since the election and time as mayor in 2020 I have absolutely enjoyed every moment. It is an honor to serve as mayor for the city of Oak Grove.

What has been the toughest lesson you have learned during your career in local government? I was elected during the COVID-19 pandemic. The election was delayed along with getting to work as mayor. It was tough navigating the new duties of a mayor with restrictions, angry citizens, distancing, rules changing, pure chaos. I learned it takes time to get established and adapt to your role in city government.

In your opinion, what are the most important issues facing local government in Missouri? Roads and infrastructure are key in all cities, as well as keeping up with the growing demands of a city. Other important issues are safety and well-staffed police departments, as well as fair pay to all city employees.

What advice would you offer to someone considering service as a local government official or employee in their community? Research and read as much as possible. Attend council meetings, visit with the mayor, council member or city staff. Ask questions. Be informed.

How would you describe your city to someone who has never visited? If you live in Oak Grove, you know how it often seems impossible to drive through town and not pass someone you know on the road. Without fail, you are met with a smile and a wave. Nothing grand, just an acknowledgement of “I see you.” Small towns make that possible. Why? Because they are slower-paced. This may be because of the small size or embedded in the culture. That is Oak Grove. We are a thriving town, moving slowly, building at a sustainable pace. Oak Grove is full of beautiful parks, growing small businesses, friendly neighbors, incredible schools and much more. We have strong roots and a bright future.

What are your interests outside of local government? I like to cycle, hike and take long walks. I enjoy traveling as much as I can, and spending time with family and friends. I also enjoy reading and watching movies.

Where would you most like to travel, and why? I really enjoy traveling in Europe. I like the history, the transportation system and the beautiful places to visit. It truly is my favorite place to travel.

Local Government Officials 42

theReview November/December 2023

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LOCAL GOVERNMENT Review

MML Welcomes New Board Members The Missouri Municipal League elected five new members to serve on the MML Board of Directors during the organization’s 2023 annual conference. RYANA PARKS-SHAW

JUDY BATEMAN

Mayor Pro Tem, Kansas City

Alderman, St. Peters Judy Bateman lives in Country Hill South and has been a resident more than 32 years. She works as a real estate agent with STL Buy and Sell Real Estate. Judy and her late husband, Al, have five children. Elected in April 2007 to serve the residents of Ward 2 for four years, Judy previously served as an Alderman for Ward 2 from 1991 to 2001. Alderman Bateman also serves as president of the St. Charles County Municipal League. Alderman Bateman currently serves as aldermanic representative on the Planning and Zoning Commission.

Mayor Pro Tem Ryana Parks-Shaw represents the 5th City Council District of Kansas City. She began serving her first term in August 2019. She has lived in the 5th district with her family for more than 22 years. Mayor Quinton Lucas appointed Ryana as mayor pro tem of Kansas City in August 2023. She also serves as the chair of the Neighborhood Planning and Development Committee, chair of the Land Bank Commission, vice chair of the Tax Increment Financing (TIF) Commission, and co-chair of the Health Commission. She previously served as the chair of the Mayor’s Houseless Task Force. She is also a member of the Kansas City Zoo Board of Directors and the Starlight Board of Directors. Mrs. Parks-Shaw is a long-time healthcare executive. She has a Bachelor of Science degree from Missouri State University and a Master of Science degree from Southwest Baptist University. She is an alumnus of Ruskin High School in the Hickman Mills School District. Motivated by her membership in Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority, Incorporated and the Greater Kansas City Chapter of the Links, Incorporated, she has a deep passion for community service and improving the quality of life for Kansas City residents.

theReview November/December 2023

STEPHEN RASMUSSEN City Manager, Cameron

Stephen Rasmussen is currently the city manager of Cameron, Missouri, where he has been for five years. Previous to this, he has served in city government in four previous cities for the last 24 years, most recently Bloomington, Illinois and before that Jefferson City, Missouri; Ottumwa, Iowa; and Maryland Heights, Missouri. Prior to his service in city government he served in the U.S. Army and retired as a Colonel and garrison commander. He graduated from the united States Air Force Academy and cross-commissioned into the Army as an Airborne Ranger, and served three tours in Vietnam. He holds a Master’s degree in English and a Master’s Degree in International Affairs. He and his wife Pamela have two daughters and three granddaughters.

MARCIETA REED

Alderman, Vinita Park Marcieta Reed has served as alderman with the city of Vinita Park since 2017. She is a Missouri Certified Municipal Official through the MML Municipal Governance Institute, and is currently working towards the advanced certification. She has served on the Municipal League of Metro St. Louis Board of Directors since 2021, and serves on the MML Economic Development and Human Resources Policy Committee.

She is retired after teaching for 29 years, but remains involved in other youth activities and programs through her church.

ROBERT SMITH

Council Member, Poplar Bluff Robert L. Smith was first elected to City Council in April 2002 in the 5th Ward. He was re-elected in 2005 and was elected as mayor pro tem by members of Council. He was re-elected two more terms through 2011, when he was elected mayor pro tem for a second time. Councilman Smith was re-elected in 2017. Council Member Smith was elected by his peers as mayor of the city of Poplar Bluff for the 2019-2020 and 2020-2021 terms. He has worked for Operation Off-Street and the Poplar Bluff School District. He is a Certified Municipal Official through the Missouri Municipal League Municipal Government Institute.

Reed has participated in the UMSL Neighborhood Leadership Fellows, and as a volunteer on policy, environmental and community building committees with Beyond Housing. Reed received her bachelor’s degree in early childhood and two master’s degrees, one in education and the other in library media. www.mocities.com

EXPERTS IN MUNICIPAL BOND FINANCINGS

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Trisha Duncan Vice President duncant@stifel.com (314) 342-2740

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Martin Ghafoori Managing Director ghafoorim@stifel.com (314) 342-8467

Mark Shamleffer Managing Director shamlefferm@stifel.com (314) 342-2740

Michael Short Managing Director shortm@stifel.com (816) 203-8739

Conner Swanson Analyst swansonc@stifel.com (816) 203-8731

Becky Esrock Vice President

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theReview November/December 2023

MEMBER News MML Call For Proposals

Certified Municipal Clerk

MML is already beginning to plan for the 2024 MML Annual Conference. Do you have a topic idea to submit for a breakout session? The Call For Proposals form is open for session and speaker ideas until March 1, 2024. Find the form on the League's website under the events and training tab.

Congratulations to Cindy Bowman, city clerk with the city of Clarence, Missouri, for earning the designation of Certified Municipal Clerk (CMC) from the International Institute of Municipal Clerks (IIMC). To earn the CMC designation, a municipal clerk must attend extensive education programs, often totaling more than 120 educational hours. The CMC designation also requires pertinent experience in a municipality.

MML Fall Regional Meetings MML just wrapped up fall regional meetings, and it was wonderful to travel the state meeting with members! Locations included Cape Girardeau, Ferguson, Kirksville, Liberty, Marshall, Marceline, Rolla and Springfield. View MML’s Fall 2023 Regional Meeting album on Flickr at https://www.flickr.com/photos/mocities/albums. Watch MML’s newsletter and website for a meeting near you in 2024!

www.mocities.com

MEMBER News & Notes MML Calendar of Events November 2023 16-18 �� National League of Cities' City Summit, Atlanta, Georgia 28-29 �� 64th Annual Missouri Asphalt Conference, Rolla, Missouri

December 2023 1 �� First day of bill filing for 2024 Missouri Legislative session

January 2024 3 �� First day of the 2024 Legislative session 15 �� MoCCFOA Outstanding City Clerk Nominations Due 25-26 �� SGR Servant Leadership Conference, Dallas, Texas

February 2024 20-21 �� MML Legislative Conference, Jefferson City, Missouri

May 2024 5-11 �� Missouri Local Government Week 6-8 �� Main Street Now Conference, Birmingham, Alabama

Find more events and details on www.mocities.com and in the MML e-newsletter.

theReview November/December 2023

Save The Dates!

MML 2024 Conferences MML Legislative Conference

February 20-21, 2024 Jefferson City

MML Elected Officials Training June 6-7, 2024 Columbia

MML 90th Annual Conference September 15-18, 2024 Branson

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Statement of Ownership, Management, and Circulation (All Periodicals Publications Except Requester Publications)

1. Publication Title MISSOURI MUNICIPAL LEAGUE/MISSOURI MUNICIPAL REVIEW

2. Publication Number 355520

ISSN 266647

3. Filing Date 10/09/2023

4. Issue Frequency BI-MONTHLY

5. Number of Issues Published Annually 6. Annual Subscription Price 6 $ 30.00

7. Complete Mailing Address of Known Office of Publication 1727 SOUTHRIDGE DR JEFFERSON CTY, na, MO 65109-5675

Contact Person MO MUNICIPAL LEAGUE Telephone (573) 635-9134

8. Complete Mailing Address of Headquarters or General Business Office of Publisher 1727 SOUTHRIDGE DR MISSOURI MUNICIPAL LEAGUE JEFFERSON CITY, MO 65109-2045 MISSOURI MUNICIPAL LEAGUE 9. Full Names and Complete Mailing Addresses of Publisher, Editor, and Managing Editor Publisher (Name and complete mailing address) Laura Holloway 1727 SOUTHRIDGE DR MISSOURI MUNICIPAL LEAGUE JEFFERSON CITY, MO 65109-2045

13. Publication Title

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MISSOURI MUNICIPAL LEAGUE/MISSOURI MUNICIPAL REVIEW 15. Extend and Nature of Circulation

09/01/2023 Average No. Copies Each Issue No. Copies of Single Issue During Preceding 12 Months Published Nearest to Filing Date

a. Total Numbers of Copies (Net press run)

2413

2486

2363

2436

2413

2486

Mailed Outside County Paid Subscriptions Stated on PS (1) Form 3541(include paid distribution above nominal rate, advertiser's proof copies, and exchange copies) Mailed In-County Paid Subscriptions Stated on PS Form b. Paid Circulation (2) 3541(include paid distribution above nominal rate, advertiser's proof copies, and exchange copies) (By Mail and Outside Paid Distribution Outside the Mails Including Sales the Mail) (3) Through Dealers and Carriers, Street Vendors, Counter Sales, and Other Paid Distribution Outside USPS Distribution by Other Classes of Mail Through the (4) Paid USPS (e.g. First-Class Mail) c. Total Paid Distribution (Sum of 15b (1), (2), (3), (4))

Editor (Name and complete mailing address) Laura Holloway Missouri Municipal League 1727 Southridge Dr. Jefferson City, MO 65109

or Nominal Rate Outside County Copies (1) Free included on PS Form 3541

Managing Editor (Name and complete mailing address) Laura Holloway Missouri Municipal League 1727 Southridge Dr. Jefferson City, MO 65109 10. Owner (Do not leave blank. If the publication is owned by a corporation, give the name and address of the corporation immediately followed by the names and addresses of all stockholders owning or holding 1 percent or more of the total amount of stock. If not owned by a corporation, give names and addresses of the individual owners. If owned by a partnership or other unincorporated firm, give its name and address as well as those of each individual owner. If the publication is published by a nonprofit organization, give its name and address.) Full Name

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d. Free or or Nominal Rate In-County Copies included on (2) Free Nominal PS Form 3541 Rate Distribution (By Mail and Free or Nominal Rate Copies Mailed at Other Classes Outside the (3) Through the USPS (e.g. First-Class Mail) Mail) or Nominal Rate Distribution Outside the Mail (4) Free (Carriers or other means) e. Total Free or Nominal Rate Distribution (Sum of 15d (1), (2), (3), (4)) f. Total Distribution (Sum of 15c and 15e)

2413

2486

g. Copies not Distributed 11. Known Bondholders, Mortgagees, and Other Security Holders Owning or Hoding 1 Percent or More of Total Amount of Bonds. Mortgages, or Other Securities. If none, check box Full Name Complete Mailing Address

PS Form 3526, September 2007 (Page 1)

2413

2486

100.00 %

a. Paid Electronic Copies

b. Total Paid Print Copies(Line 15C) + Paid Electronic Copies

c. Total Print Distribution(Line 15F) + Paid Electronic Copies

0.00 %

h. Total (Sum of 15f and 15g) X None

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i. Percent Paid ((15c / 15f) times 100) 16. If total circulation includes electronic copies, report that circulation on lines below.

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I Certify that 50% of all my distributed copies (Electronic and Print) are paid above a nominal price. 17. Publication of Statement of Ownership X If the publication is a general publication, publication of this statement is required. Will be printed

Publication not required.

in the 11/01/2023 issue of this publication. 18. Signature and Title of Editor, Publisher, Business Manager, or Owner Title Laura Holloway

Date

Communications and External Relations Director

10/09/2023 15:57:16 PM

I certify that all information furnished on this form is true and complete. I understand that anyone who furnishes false or misleading information on this form or who omits material or information requested on the form may be subject to criminal sanctions (including fines and imprisonment) and/or civil sanctions (including civil penalties). PS Form 3526, September 2007 (Page 2)

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2023 Review Article Index Economic Development

Municipal Government

Public Works

10 Tips: Retail Real Estate Tip Sheet - 18, Jan/Feb

A Look At Short-Term Rental Regulations And Considerations - 13, Nov/Dec

A More Comprehensive Approach To Public Rights Of Way Management - 5, May/June

Community Development Block Grants 14, Jan/Feb

Adult-Use Marijuana In Missouri: Municipal Considerations For Facilities, Personnel And Taxation - 8, Mar/Apr

City of Wentzville Water Reclamation Center Expands To Meet Continued Growth - 33, May/June

Cybersecurity Review - 6, July/Aug

Environmental Protection Agency Proposes First Federal Drinking Water Limits For PFAS - 21, May/June

Probability-Based Community Surveys: An Essential Tool For Economic Development - 12, Jan/Feb Sedalia Shows Strength In Steel - 5, Jan/Feb The Public Policy Of Economic Development - 8, Jan/Feb

Local Review Local Government Review: Economic Development Projects Around The State 21, Jan/Feb Local Government Review: Public Works Projects Around The State - 28, May/June

Member Profile Getting To Know You: Austin Miller - 26, Mar/Apr Getting To Know You: Dana Webb - 42, Nov/Dec Getting to Know You: Jeff Layton - 27, May/ June

Enforcing Amendment 3: Law Enforcement Issues Arising From The New Recreational Marijuana Amendment - 14, Mar/Apr Joplin’s Housing Revitalization Programs Provide Assistance to Citizens - 30, Nov/Dec

RFP To Project: Unlocking The Secrets Of The Engineering Proposal Process From An Engineering Firm Perspective - 8, May/June

Let’s Team Up To Not Leave Any Dollars On The Table: FEMA Mitigation Grant Programs - 22, July/Aug

2023 Author Index

M i s s o u r i C i t i e s Wo r k i n g To E n d Homelessness - 24, Nov/Dec

Iliff Onstot, Lynn - 30, Nov/Dec

Missouri Municipalities And ARPA Funding - 11, May/June

Carani, David - 18, Mar/Apr

Bushyhead, Christine - 8, Jan/Feb

Missouri’s Prevailing Wage Law - 15, May/ June

Corcoran, Padraic - 8, Mar/Apr

National League Of Cities And The American Planning Association Launch The Housing Supply Accelerator - 32, Nov/Dec

Ellickson, Mark - 12, Jan/Feb

New Approaches To Planning And Zoning To Incentive Housing - 21, Nov/Dec

Droege, Angela - 22, July/Aug Fox, Jayci - 11, July/Aug Hirschvogel, Lacey - 18, Mar/Apr Hoffman, Jessica - 6, Sept/Oct

Nuisance Abatement - 16, Nov/Dec

Huckstep, Ramona - 11, May/June

Getting To Know You: Josh Davis - 26, May/ June

Overcoming Adversity: A Journey Of Mindset And Resilience - 8, July/Aug

Jenson, Brandon - 14, Jan/Feb

Getting To Know You: Megan Johnson - 25, Sept/Oct

Taking The Lead: How City Officials Can Promote Civility - 25, July/Aug

Kolisch, Lindsey - 13, Nov/Dec

Getting To Know You: Whitney Roper - 35, July/Aug

The Capital City’s Collaborative Approach For Housing Solutions - 8, Nov/Dec

Lowery, Lauren - 32, Nov/Dec Lumley, Carl - 22, Mar/Apr

Municipal Administration

The Role Of Park Boards In Missouri - 15, July/Aug

Fringe Benefits In Missouri Municipalities: A Current State Analysis - 11, July/Aug

The State of Missouri Broadband - 10, Sept/ Oct

Oldham, Tom - 5, Jan/Feb

Integrated Planning Opens The Doors For Long-Term Success - 18, Mar/Apr

USDA - Rural Development - 23, May/June

Price, Jim - 21, May/June

The Fair Labor Standards Act: Revisited - 16, Sept/Oct

News From The Bench

The Structure Of A Municipal Safety Plan - 18, May/June Work Smarter, Not Harder: How Artificial Intelligence Can Improve Service Delivery For Communities - 6, Sept/Oct

Winchester Wins Class Action Lawsuit Against Charter Over Failure To Pay Business License Taxes On Voice Over Internet Protocol (VoIP) Telephone Service - 20, Sept/Oct Video Service Providers: Creve Coeur Class Action Lawsuits Against Netflix, Hulu, DirecTV, and DISH - 22, Mar/Apr

Karr, Stephanie - 16, Nov/Dec Lehrman, Matt - 25, July/Aug

Mullane, John - 8, Mar/Apr; 20, Sept/Oct Ostlund, David W. - 15, July/Aug Register, John - 8, July/Aug Schraeder, Ivan L. - 16, Sept/Oct Senzee, Rachel - 8, Nov/Dec Smith, Todd T. - 14, Mar/Apr; 15, May/June Tanksley, BJ - 10, Sept/Oct Tiedt, John - 18, Jan/Feb Villegas, Enrico - 5, May/June Woodward, Mark - 18, May/June Zito, Anthony J. - 15, July/Aug

theReview November/December 2023

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theReview November/December 2023

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