Mechanics, Materials Science & Engineering, July 2016
ISSN 2412-5954
Dynamical Analyses of Piston Machines Used in Oil Industry V.I. Bakhshaliev 1, a 1
Professor, Dr., Azerbaijan Technical University, Baku, Azerbaijan
a
v.bakhshali@aztu.edu.az DOI 10.13140/RG.2.1.1837.4644
Keywords: dynamics, mechanical oscillations, stresses, durability, piston machine.
ABSTRACT. The investigation of a complex problems with taking into account of a friction, oscillation and impact processes in mechanisms of piston machines, does possible the all-round decision of the problem of increase of their reliability and durability. In this work, based on the dynamic analysis of the crank-piston mechanisms the method for definition of the parameters of longitudinal vibration of a connecting rod of piston machines is developed. The dangerous sections of a "floating" connecting rod are determined.
Introduction. The problem of increasing durability and reliability of units of machine parts on longevity criterion at the simultaneous reduce of their metal capacity is urgent. For the parts of Piston Machine traditionally applied in engineering practice calculations of durability and reliability are insufficient and illegal. Movement of systems under the influence of external forces is the basis of mechanical oscillations in the machines. Mechanical oscillations can cause significant harm, as they form the direct threat to the durability of extremely responsible constructions to which the piston machines refer. Mechanical oscillations can disturb normal conditions of the exploitation of machines. The main part of the damages in the machines and their details take place because of appearance of oscillations in them. Oscillations are raised periodically or by sudden applied forces. Under the influence of periodically variable forces and moments parts or units of piston machines make elastic oscillations, which become especially strong in the zone of resonances where frequencies of disturbed forces or moments coincide with the frequencies of the system oscillations. The forces influencing on details of crank piston mechanisms (CPM) of piston machines are variables (on machines increases with the raise of quickness of machines. As a result of improvement of work indices of PM the character of oscillations is complicated and their loading on the parts is increased. Calculations of oscillations of CPM parts have great significance in projecting and exploitation of PM. Reduction of oscillations in the parts and units provides high quality of work of PM. Oscillation processes mainly take place in the crankshafts, piston rods and connecting rods of KP piston machines. Besides it oscillations of the fundament and vibration of gas flow along the pipeline can also cause considerable harm to the work of machines. For calculation PM parts on strength and durability first we consider the problem of longitudinal and cross oscillation movements of elements of above mentioned details of PM. Oscillation control becomes inalienable condition for providing of high quality piston machines. It is carried out for designing and exploitation of PM [1, 2, 3, 4]. In practice reduction of oscillations in the parts and units of machines takes place as a result of as natural and artificial damping. The first is achieved as a result of internal friction in material and units of construction and external MMSE Journal. Open Access www.mmse.xyz
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