Mechanics, Materials Science & Engineering, May 2017
ISSN 2412-5954
Polymer Composites for Thermal Sensing Application 14 Isha Pandey1, D. Arthisree2, A. Sivakumar1, Girish M. Joshi2, a 1
Department of chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, VIT University, Vellore-632014, TN, India
2 Polymer Nanocomposite Laboratory, Centre for Crystal growth, School of Advanced Sciences, VIT University, Vellore-632014, TN, India a
girish.joshi@vit.ac.in DOI 10.2412/mmse.2.26.724 provided by Seo4U.link
Keywords: hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), conducting carbon black (CCB), phase angle, composite.
ABSTRACT.Carbon black (CCB)/Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) composites were useful for the sensor applications. Easily available Carbon black was preferred for the modification of polymer moieties. Due to an excellent coloring agent, printing inks, resin coloring, paint, and toners. Further, CCB is also used in various electrical conducting agent, antistatic film, fibers and floppy disk. In the present investigation we demonstrated the successful preparation of Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose with (CCB) composites. We have observed the linear phase relation as a function of temperature for the sample 1wt% loading of CCB. The linearity of phase measurement based on temperature is useful for various engineering applications.
Introduction. Development of electrically conducting organic carbon based polymer composites prepared by fusion of nanofillers such as flakes [1], carbon black [2], graphite [3] have attracted researchers for decades due to their extraordinary properties like high stiffness, low weight and high electrical conductivity in the range of 10-1-102(ohm cm-1) [4]. CCB are used in various electrical, mechanical and thermal properties [5]. Property of the polymer may change by loading the concentration of filler [6]. Due to these unique properties of carbon we have chosen to prepare polymer composite using CCB as filler. Generally, polymers are non-conducting in nature; to optimize its conductivity was more challenging research interest. They possess low weight, decompose-resistant materials which are used in a wide variety of industrial and military, sensor applications [7]. Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) is a different grade cellulose polymeric family, a natural carbohydrate that holds continuous glucose structural units. It is hydrophilic polymer with wide useful properties like fluid retention purpose, lubricants, natural gum and emulsifiers, used as thickener, film former, and excellent drug delivery component in oral medication [8]. Inflexible hybrid composite film using Carbon black/rubber have been prepared and used in engineering applications [9], But there may some technical difficulty in casting composite with rubber. Using Carbon black with PET and PMMA a composite was prepared and their surface investigations were studied [10], polymer used in particular work is highly costly. In our present study we prepared polymer composites using HPMC/CCB and disclosed their phase angle response. Where HPMC is cheaper material and easy to casting the film. Experimental Procedure Chemicals and reagents
he Authors. Published by Magnolithe GmbH. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
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Mechanics, Materials Science & Engineering, May 2017
ISSN 2412-5954
is an analytical grade reagent, viscosity is in the range of 26005600(CP), and 2% soluble in water at 20oC, Molecular weight is 86 Kilodalton purchased from Sigma aldrich. Conducting Carbon black was provided by Timcal Graphene and Carbon, ENSACO 250 g. Synthesis of HPMC/CCB composites
Results and discussion The electrical properties of polymers were applicable for electrical, electronic engineering applications. Basically the polymer moieties were highly sensitive for external stimuli such as pressure, humidity, temperature, radiations, electrical field. In the present work we exposed the polymer HPMC and HPMC/CCB composite as function of temperature. The phase angle as function of temperature is shown in figure 1 and 2. The principle involved in measurement of voltage and current ideally expected uniform provided the 900 phase. However the electrical signal propagated through the sample demonstrated the current voltage phase variation. It may be due the chemical moieties of polymers. Compare to the pure sample of CA the small amount of 1% composition of CCB demonstrate the effect of temperature on phase behavior. The trend of phase separation was directly proportional to the applied temperature. This property of composite enable to detect the increase in the temperature (tested in the range of 30 to1200). The phase angle based testing was much applicable in the domains of bio impedance analysis, power-electrical, potentiometric property in electronic devices. 35 30
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Fig. 1. Phase angle ( ) as a function temperature of HPMC film. MMSE Journal. Open Access www.mmse.xyz
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Mechanics, Materials Science & Engineering, May 2017
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Fig. 2. Phase angle ( ) as a function of temperature of HPMC/CCB composite film. Summary. We demonstrated the successful preparation of polymer nanocomposite by reinforcing CCB with HPMC host system. It exhibits decrease in impedance as function of CCB loading. However, the criteria voltage and current phase enable record the temperature difference. Furthermore, this property of phase difference as function of temperature may be developed as thermal sensor for engineering devices. References [1] Tsuguyori Ohana, Takako Nakamura, Akihiro Tanaka, Tribological properties of polymer composites with diamond-like carbon flakes, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, DOI 10.1016/j.diamond.2010.02.020 [2] I. Burmistrov, N. Gorshkov, I. Ilinykh, D. Muratov, E. Kolesnikov, S. Anshin, I. Mazov, J.-P.Issi, D. Kusnezov, Improvement of carbon black based polymer composite electrical conductivity with additions of MWCNT, DOI 10.1016/j.compscitech.2016.03.032 0266-3538 [3] Raquel Verdejo, M. Mar Bernal, Laura J. Romasanta and Miguel A. Lopez-Manchado, Graphene filled polymer nanocomposites, DOI 10.1039/c0jm02708a [4] Michael E. Spahr, Raffaele Gilardi, Daniele Bonacchi, 2014, Carbon Black for Electrically Conducting Polymer Applications, Springer, DOI 10.1007/978-3-642-37179-0_32-1 [5] Suchilipsa Das, Patnala Ganga Achary, Nimai C. Nayak, Ram Narayan Prasad Choudhary, Dielectric Response of Conducting Carbon-Black-Filled Ethylene Octene Copolymer Microcellular Foams, DOI 10.1002/pc.23538 [6] B.P.Sahoo, K.Naskar, R.N.P. Choudhary, S. Sabharwal, D.K. Tripathy, 2011, Dielectric Relaxation Behavior of Conducting Carbon Black Reinforced Ethylene Acrylic Elastomer Vulcanizates, DOI 10.1002/app.35049 [7] Dipti Phadtare, Ganesh Phadtare, Nilesh B, Mahendra Asawat, 2014, Hyprmollose- A choice of polymer in exended release tablet formulations.
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Mechanics, Materials Science & Engineering, May 2017
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[8] Premamoy Ghosh, Amit Chakrabarti, 1999, Conducting carbon black filled EPDM vulcanizates: assessment of dependence of physical and mechanical properties and conducting character on variation of filler loading. [9] Eshwaran Subramani Bhagavatheswaran, Meenali Parsekar, Amit Das, Hai Hong Le, Sven Wiessner, Klaus Werner Stoeckelhuber, Gerd Schmaucks, Gert Herinrich, 2015, Construction of Interconnected Nanostructured Carbon Black Network: Development of Highly Stretchable and Robust Elastomeric Conductors, DOI 10.1021/acs.jpcc.5b06629. [10] J. G.Malleite and A. Uquez, 2000, Carbon Black Filled PET/PMMA Blends: Electrical and Morphological Studies. [11] A. Sharma, M. Pandey, M. Khutia, G.M. Joshi, M. Teresa, 2016, Development of thermal sensor by graphene nano platelets thermoplastic blends, Polymer-Plstic Tech. and Engg, DOI 10.1080/03602559.2016.1233272
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