Vol. 15 (1995), No. 5

NEWSLETTER OF THE

MINNESOTA HERPETOLOGICAL SOCIETY

MAY 1995

VOLUME XV

BELL MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY

10 CHURCH STREET SOUTH EAST

NUMBER 5 MINNEAPOLIS, MN 55455-0104

Do you ever have a question about one of your herps and wonder who might be able to provide an answer? Most people who keep pets of any kind have been is this situation at one time or another. A group of :tvIHS members has volunteered to provide assistance. Listed below are the people and their specialties. Please be reasonable about the time of day and how frequently you call.

Large pythons and constrictors Glen (Jake) Jacobsen 757-8268 730-6265 Karl Hermann

Terrestrial turtles and tortoises John Moriarty 647-1334 Ann POlwoll 489-7853 Glen (Jake) Jacobsen 757-8268 Aquatic Turtles Gary Ash 753-0218 John Levell 374-5422

Other Snakes John Meltzer John or Connie Levell Jeff LeClere Amphibians John Meltzer Greg Kvanbek

263-7880 533-7723

Lizards Nancy Haig Bill Moss

Minnesota Herps John Moriary Greg Kvanbek Jeff LeClere

434-8684 488-1383

Crocodilians Jeff Lang

Education Contact DavLydon

550-9855

Adoption Contact Glen (Jake) Jacobsen

263-7880 374-5422 488-6388

647-1334 533-7723 488-6388 (701) 772-0227

757-8268

The purpose of the Minnesota Herpetological Society is: to further the education of the membership and the general public in care and captive propagation of reptiles and amphibians; to educate the membership and the general public in the ecological role of reptiles and amphibians; and to promote the study and conservation of reptiles and amphibians.

MRS VOICE MAIL PHONE NUMBER: 624 - 7065 MHS BOARD OF DIRECTORS PRESIDENT VICE PRESIDENT MEMBERSHIP SECRETARY RECORDING SECRETARY TREASURER NEWSLETTER EDITOR MEMBER-AT-LARGE MEMBER-AT-LARGE MEMBER-AT-LARGE MEMBER-AT-LARGE MEMBER-AT-LARGE

(612) 488-1383 (612) 533-7723 (612) 623-7620 (612) 925-4237 (612) 925-4237 (612) 374-5422 (612) 753-0218 (612) 624-7065 (612) 624-7065 (612) 457-8107 (612) 457-4636

Bill Moss Greg Kvanbek George Richard Randy Blasus Marilyn Brooks John Levell Gary Ash Dan Bergquist Liz Bowlds James Rea Siri Rea SNAKEBITE EMERGENCY

HENNEPIN REGIONAL POISON CENTER

(612) 347-3141

MINNESOTA POISON CONTROL SYSTEM LOCAL OUT OF STATE

(612)221-2113 (800) 222-1222

Copyright Minnesota Herpetological Society. The contents of this newsletter may be reproduced for inclusion in the newsletters of other herpetological societies provided that the material is reproduced without change and proper credits arc given to the MHS Newsletter, citing, volume, number, and date.

MINNESOTA HERPETOLOGICAL SOCIETY Newsletter Volume XV Number 5 May 1995

CONTENTS Editorial... .......... ... ............. ....... .......... ... ... ....... .... ......... .......... ....... ........

Upcoming Meeting Highlights by Greg Kvanbeek.... .....................................

News and Notes.......................................................................................

Meeting Review by Randy Blasus...............................................................

Healthy Iguanas by Mike Hoffer......................... ............... .........................

Breckenridge Biography & Bibliography by John Moriarty..............................

Predatory Behavior of Captive Amphibians by Randy Blasus............................

MHS Business.........................................................................................

Calendar of Events...................................................................................

Classified Advertisements..........................................................................

1 2

3 5 6 8 10

13 14 15

Now That That's Over With While I must admit that editing the last issue (my ftrst) of the MHS newsletter was deftnitely a learning experience, it was not the totally horrid task I had been led to believe it could be. This is undoubtedly due iu large measure to the effort and gracious assistance of a variety of MHS members. Each of these members, whether contributing material for publication or assisting iu some other capacity, is in some way responsible for the success of the previous issue and all are deserving of at least some mention. Obviously, without the contributions of the various authors, iucluding; Randy Blasus, Dan Keyler, Greg Kvanbeck, and Jeff LeClere, producing a newsletter would be an extremely diffIcult, if not impossible task. The effort and responsiveness demonstrated by all these authors was tremendous, and I greatly look forward to future submissions from each. Likewise, the contribution of news clippings, notes, and other assorted "bits and pieces" by Marilyn Brooks, Nanette Jimerson, and James and Siri Rea not only made completing the newsletter so much easier, but added that little somethiug extra all publications need.

Also deserving mention is Eric Thiss, in particular for the use of various computer equipment. Last, but by no means least, my wife, partner, and best friend Connie Levell deserves special mention, not only for her considerable typing skills and time spent proof reading, but for her patience and understanding in dealing with me (surely not always an easy accomplishment). Naturally, any errors or deficiencies in last month's newsletter, of which there are undoubtedly a few, are the sole responsibility of myself as editor. The expertise, effort, and constructive criticism of each of the previously mentioned individuals, however, helped keep mistakes to a minimum and each of these people has not only my most sincere appreciation, but my highest admiration as well. Thanks guys! 'JPL

Next Newsletter Deadline: June 2, 1995 Send all submissions to: MHSEditor Bell Museum of Natural History 10 Church St. SE Minneapolis, MN 55455-0104

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MHS Newsletter Volume XV Number 5

Upcoming Meeting Highlights June Speaker: Dan Nedrelo Program: Herping 1\:dventures in Western Wisconsin While these two surveys will make up the bulk of Dan's presentation, I told him that he could pretty much talk about anything that he wanted to, and I think he will. Dan is a great story teller, he'll be showing some excellent slides of herps and their habitats, and maybe, just maybe, he'll teach us how to do some real neat frog calls. So if you are interested in our native mid-western herps (and I can't imagine why you wouldn't be) you will not want to miss our June meeting.

To the causal observer, herping (the act of looking for herps) in western Wisconsin would not seem to be all that different from herping in eastern Minnesota.

While a lot of the amphibians and reptiles that you might fmd in western Wisconsin are pretty much the same as what you'd find eastern Minnesota, there are some significant differences. For instance, some of the herps found in western Wisconsin such as; the Stinkpot, Ornate Box Turtle, and the Glass Lizard, have not been documented in Minnesota and may not even occur here. Other Wisconsin herps such as; the Massasauga, Four-toed Salamander, and the Black rat Snake are very rare in Minnesota. Western Wisconsin has a very nice diversity of herps and a lot of good places to look for them, and I think that Dan Nedrelo has pretty much been to most of those places. .

Also don't forget to bring your "Critter of the Month." It can be just about anything, as long as it's an amphibian or a reptile. It's a good chance to show off your animals, as well as a chance to see what everyone else has. --- Greg

Dan Nedrelo is a really cool herping guy from the town of Viroqua, Wisconsin, which is a sleepy little farm town southeast of LaCrosse. Dan has been herping these areas for most of his life and has an excellent knowledge of the local herpetofauna. He has participated in numerous field studies, and is also an accomplished photographer. Dan's photo's have appeared in several outdoor and herp magazines. In other words, this is a guy who really likes to go out and get himself dirty (herpetologically speaking).

Dan makes his living primarily as a herp lecturer, and travels around the country tell audiences of all ages about amphibians and reptiles.

June Meeting

Location: Borlaug Hall, U of M SI. Paul Campus Time: June 2, 1995 - 7.00 pm.

June's general meeting of the MHS will return to the usual meeting location in Borlaug Hall on the SI. Paul Campus of the U of M (see map below).

June's meeting will include the regular Critter of the Mouth normally featured at monthly meetings, so remember to bring your animals and, if possible, a container to display them in. Other general meeting features including; Adoptions and Library also return this month.

For our June meeting, Dan is going to entertain us with stories of a couple of survey projects that he's recently been involved with. One project, for the Wisconsin DNR, was a study of the turtles of the Mississippi River. Dan spent his time trapping turtles and collecting data regarding the sizes, abundance, and reproductive behavior of the various turtle species. He also spent a great deal of time searching for and observing turtle nesting beaches.

Dan's other project, for the Nature Conservancy, is a survey of Fort McCoy. Fort McCoy is an Anny Installation about 45 miles east of LaCrosse, near Tomah, that is completely surrounded by agriculture.

Dan has been tromping around that little piece of fragmented habitat for the past two sea,ons, and has made some interesting discoveries there.

2

MRS Newsletter Volume XV Number 5

NEWS AND NOTES New Minnesota Book Wins Award

Since that conference, scientists have been searching for answers, as amphibians continue to disappear - some have even become extinct.

There was immediate speculation that the amphibians were victims of acid rain, disease, decreases in the ozone layer, pollution and habitat destruction. There was no hard evidence to show that anyone factor was responsible.

In 1993, a team of Oregon State University researchers uncovered strong evidence that an increase in the amount of ultraviolet radiation reaching the Earth was responsible for the dentise of some populations of amphibians.

The study was conducted by a tearn led by Dr. Andrew Blaustein and Dr. John Hays. It found that UV-B, a type of ultraviolet radiation that can cause skin cancer, cataracts and the weakening of the inunune system in humans, is also destroying the eggs of frogs and toads that breed in Oregon's Cascade Mountains by altering the structure of their DNA. Because the gelatinous strings of eggs amphibians lay don't have the protective shells of birds' eggs, they are exposed to the sun's rays as they lie in water for several weeks before hatching.

In their experiments, the researchers collected the eggs of Cascades frogs, western toads and northwestern salamanders, placed them into enclosures in the natural habitat, and used filters to expose them to varying degrees of UV rays. The eggs given the most UV protection had the highest hatching rates; those with the least protection the lowest.

"More than 40 percent of the western toad and Cascades frog eggs exposed to UV-B radiation died, compared with 100to-20 percent of those that were shielded," Blaustien said.

Last year, the researchers conducted the experiments again, and the results were even more convincing. Blaustein said that more than 90 percent of the northwestern salamander eggs exposed to the UV-Bdied.

"If ultraviolet radiation continues to increase in the world as is projected, it bodes very badly for animals such as frogs, toads and salamanders - and humans, too," Blaustein said. "If the frogs disappeared, an important link in the food chain would be broken and there would be a large increase in insects, and perhaps a significant drop in the numbers of frog-eating fish and wildlife."

Congratulations are in order for fellow MHS members and co-authors Barney Oldfield and John Moriarty. Their recently released tiUe; Amphibians and Reptiles Native to Minnesota published by the University of Minnesota Press, was voted "Best Nature Book of the Year" at the Minnesota Book Awards ceremony in St. Paul on April 8, 1995. As anyone who has seen this book can attest, it's an honor that is well deserved. Way to go guys! JPL

Dr. Breckenridge Honored Dr. Waiter J. Breckenridge was honored for his pioneering contributions in the field of herpetology at the May meeting of the MHS held in conjunction with the Minnesota Amphibian and Reptile Symposium. Dr. Breckenridge, author of the original guide to Minnesota's herpctofauna; Reptiles and Amphibians of Minnesota, was awarded a plaque in the shape of the State of Minnesota with the following inscription; "In Honor of Your Outstanding Achievements and Contributions to Minnesota Herpetology; Walter J. Breckenridge is Hereby Recognized as a Honorary Life Member of the Minnesota Herpetological Society - May 5, 1995". The MHS Painted Turtle logo is also inscribed on the plaque.

Witnessing Dr. Breckenridge accept this fitting, and long overdue tribute was easily among the highlights of the entire symposium. JPL

Declining Amphibians Scientists Close in on Mystery of Disappearing Amphibians.

Spring has become more silent in the last 10 years and scientists have started wondering where all the frogs have gone.

It used to be, George Harrison wrote in an article in Sports Afield, that one of the harbingers of spring was the tinkling call of the spring peeper, to be followed a few weeks later by the cricket frogs, then the American toads, the wood, leopard and pickerel frogs.

In 1989, attendees of the first World Conference of Herpetology in Canterbury, England, compared notes and realized that frogs, toads and salamanders were disappearing on a global scale.

Editor's Note: The preceding article appeared in the March 24, 1995 edition of the Twin Cities Extra and has been reprinted here with the pennission of Sports Afield Magazine. JPL

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MHS Newsletter Volume XV Number 5

Digging "Fir" Snakes

MN Herping 1995

My wife Lauri and I were in the process of planting some 60 bare-root tree seedlings on our 16 acre "nature preserve" in Dodge County, MN on April 22, 1995. The parcel has fence line trees, mO\ved as well as tall-grassed upland areas, dry to damp to marshy lowland scrub areas, and a 0.4 acre pond we had dug in 1987. It was sunny and 50-56 degrees F. After 1 had spaded out a 8 inch round by 7 inch deep hole in dry lowland brush, Lauri peered in the hole before placing the Fraser Fir seedling and saw a young garter snake, 9 3/4 inches long but only as thick as a pencil. She pulled it out and 1 saw a night crawler left behind. It turned out to be the cutest little green snake you ever saw; 6 inches long but incredibly slim. 1 fetched the camera and photographed both herps. Then (of course) 1 felt this desire to keep the green snake as a pet. 1 realized this was kind of a flashback to being a kid in the 60's when I would go catch snakes, frogs and turtles and keep them as pets---whatever herp 1 caught I wanted to keep. I denied the urge, and let both critters go in a rockpile where they would escape any late April frosts, and where there are plenty of bugs to dine .on.

We didn't dig around more to find if there was a "nest" of baby snakes because of the likelihood of injuring them while digging. I wonder how many more were there? The area is full of pocket gopher mounds; maybe the snakes were wintering in a gopher run.

April 22 the pond was silent but the next day we saw two leopard frogs in the water among some algae and heard their odd croaking growl, or growling croak.

They really sounded half frozen! Still no painted turtles yet; we have to get out there and tether three "loafing logs" where they can bask in safety. We did see an adult two-foot garter snake the 23rd, too, so it's officially spring for herp lovers.

The list of herps spotted on our little wildlife preserve includes; Painted, Blanding's, and Conunon Snapping Turtles (Asian the Red-footed Tortoise and Tinsel the African Spur-thighed Tortoise don't want to go uncounted), Leopard and Green Frogs, thousands of tiny toads which stonn out of the pond in a suicidal blitzkrieg each year, Tiger Salamanders, and Garter, Green and Red-bellied Snakes. The green snakes seem to be very common but are usually invisible. A huge female garter snake Lauri has named "the Queen" lives by the old hog shed; she's maybe a yard long and incredibly stocky--I bet she could eat a small rat or a sparrow. It's an interesting sight to see Lauri jump off her riding mower and shoo a garter snake away so she doesn't hurt it. As that horribly chauvinistic old Geritol conunercial went, "I think I'll keep her."

Now if she'll only keep me... Todd Daniels.

Spring is here and with it a new herping season.

The wetlands, bluffs, and other snakey haunts beckon.

There are new places to go and species to find.

When you go out, remember to have perroission to go on private property or restricted public land.

Collecting on most public land requires a special permit, so be sure to contact the proper agency before going out into the field. Leave the habitat the way you found it.

This year try something different. Try doing an in-depth survey of a particular area, such as; Red Lake County, Pipestone National Monument, or Lake Minnetonka Islands. There are many areas of the state needing survey work or pick the park, Wildlife Management Area, or open area near your home.

There are also specific species that need work. These include rat snakes, green snakes, cricket frogs, and stink pots (Conunon Musk Turtles).

If you still want to just go herping, enjoy but remember to document your finds so that the distribution maps in Amphibians and Reptiles Native to Minnesota can be updated (see sample documentation form below). When recording distribution inforroation remember to record ecological inforroation, as there is a great need for good habitat and behavior data.

Once you collect this inforroation, write it up for publication in the MRS newsletter or send it to: John Moriarty, Hennepin Parks, 3800 Co. Rd. 24, Maple Plain, MN 55359.

John J. Moriarty.

MINNESOTA AHPHIBIAN AND REPTILE DlSTRIBl1I10N REPORT

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MHS Newsletter Volume XV Number 5

General Meeting Review

By Randy Blasus Recording Secretary Dr. Whit Gibbons was the speaker !()( the May meeting. He is an Alabaman by birth and received his Bachelors and Masters degrees at the University of Alabama. Later, he received his Phd. at Michigan where he worked with turtles in the late 60's.

From there he took a temporary position at the Savannah River Ecology Lab in South Carolina for his post Doctorate. This position was to last for a year, but twenty five or so years later, he is still there and is now one of the department heads. He is also a professor at the University of Georgia. At the Savannah River Labs, he mainly works with turtles and other herps.

However he has also worked on other ecology projects and authored several books.

Dr. Gibbons is fond of aU reptiles, especiaUy snakes (in large quantities), and crocodiles, turtles and lizards. Even though they are not his favorite, amphibians are even appreciated. These animals are an important integrated part of the natural environment. Each animal has the possibility of carrying a mtique genetic code that may prove useful or interesting, and eVen if it does not, we don't waot to destroy it. Native wildlife belongs to aU of us. Maoy people don't even think about ofher creatures when they set out to meet their own goals. We cao chaage that attitude in people by showing them the importaoce of these creatures through education. A lot of the destruction comes from ignoraoce. Our main goal should be to talk about these animals aod to help chaoge these attitudes.

Dr. Gibbons perfomlS biological research. We aU do research in one fonu or aoother, whether we keep herps as pets or go out and fmd them in the field. Research is just asking questions like what does it eat, where does it go in the winter and observing aoimal behavior. Most of us try to find out more about certain animals because we are intrigued by them. When people have an interest in something they get attached to it and support it. If we can get other people concerned about the

herpetofauna around them, we would have a much more powerful voice for conservation.

There are a lot of things we have learned now from this type of research. Oue is the Keystone Species Concept. This is a species that affects everyfhing around it and modifies it's whole habitat. An example of this is the Alligator, an animal that eats anything that gets in front of it. They make nests, trails through the vegetation, and gator holes in the bottom of lakes.

Do something to this animal and you effect the whole ecosystem. Another important exanlple in the Southeast is the Gopher Tortoise. It is protected wherever it lives and is even federally protected but is still disappearing fast because of habitat destruction. This animal builds burrows that are twenty five feet long. There are more then two dozen species that use those burrows as well. The ,nirror image of this is the Rainbow Snake. These snakes depend solely on the Americau Eel for food: If something endangers the eel's survival. that

will have a similar impact on the snake. There may be many other animals we're not aware of fhat depend heavily on another species or have a certain habitat requirement. Much more of this type of infonuation is needed to help us preserve the wildlife.

Some fmdings that have been made also point out problems in our regulations. One problem is defining a wetlaod. In the South, the most productive areas are often the ones that dry up in the summer. This is where many amphibiaus breed. One such wetland was checked recently and they found 1,500 Marbled Salamander metamorphs in one dayl There are some 16 other species of amphibian that breed in that wetland. The numbers were astmmding when added up. Since 1978, some 70,000 Mole Salamanders alone have been fmmd here. The total number of all animals that have used this wetland in this time period is almost a third of a million. The hardest hit areas in the South also appear to be these temporary wetlands. Another problem is how much we protect. This is a Federal regnlation called Wetlands Delineation. This protects the wetlaod by keeping development away from the water. Recently, a student did a study on nesting turtles in a wetlaod. They observed aod marked nesting aod hibernation areas. The protection line around the wetlaad did not include auy of the sites. these turtles used on the land adjacent to fhe wetland.

Of the many problems facing these animals, pollution is one which cao not be forgiven in this day and age. People do not have the right to dump toxic waste as it will negatively affect our health as well as other creatures. Another is fhe destruction of wetlands, a lot of which is done out of ignorance. The unregulated commercial collection of creatures that eliminates the species in the wild can not be allowed to happen. A case in point is the Spotted Turtle which is easily affected by overharvest aod is increasingly rare in its natural habitat. Another type of commercial exploitation is for the food industry which includes animals that are taken accidentally wifh the harvest of other '-pecies. Highway mortality is yet another problem to work on. The attitude about venomous snakes needs to be changed. There are a lot Illore things around us that can do more harm to people then these snakes. For example, you are in more danger of being killed while driving to the woods then being bitten by the snake. The remedy to these attitudes is to educate people to become aware of these creatures and their place in the realm of nature.

Herps face habitat destruction and fragmentation, pollution, exploitation, prejudice and a lack of public awareness. There is also a need to tum the whole thought process around where a reason will be needed to destruy an area, instead of having to justify why it should be saved. Lastly, we also need to learn about herpetological natural history, so that we cao teach other people about herps and lead them to appreciate the animals.

5

MHS Newsletter Volume XV Number 5

Healthy Iguanas By: Mike Hoffer Introduction: Just as snakes have an occasional

Iguana owner as a customer, someone we took time with and educated at the time of the sale. It makes a very good flrst impression of reptile ownership. It sure heats that irate customer calling you 2 to 3 weeks later with questions and problems. I flgure, why not do it right the first time, and not at the expense of losing an animal. '

problem with eating, health or general husbandry, so do lizards. To solve most of the problems that come along, it takes some reading, talking to others with some practical experience, and a little common sense.

As the reptile craze continues we have found that with more and more animals sold in pet shops and swap meets, less and less information about their care is being sent along with the new owner! This is wrong!

I only know how to deal with this in one way, and that is to answer each and every question that people have about their reptiles. It doesn't really matter where they acquired the new pet, just that they get some good solid information. I see more Iguanas and answer more phone-in questions about Iguanas than any other animal in the store put together.

Seldom does a day go by without a call about an Iguana problem. This doesn't necessarily mean that Iguanas have lots of problems, it's just that the'sheer numbers of them being sold in this country every week dictates that we are going to see a higher percentage of problems. The South American Iguana, Iguana iguana, is a truly outstanding reptile with a diffIcult scientific name to remember. They are probably the number one reptile being sold in the United States today.

Housing: We always recommend a dwelling large enough to accommodate the Iguana 2 years from now.

It may look silly to put a baby Iguana in a 55 or 70 gallon cage, but it's very rewarding 6 to 12 months from that time to have a customer bring in their 2 or 3 foot pride and joy! It's also mush less stressful for Iguanas than a 10 gallon aquarium. Iguanas enjoy lots of branches and plastic plants in their environment. A substrate of cypress mulch or orchid bark serves nicely, as it can hold a little more humidity when the cage is spray-misted daily. We spray-mist every morning after cleaning the cage. If things look a little dry, we mist again in the afternoon. I wouldn't recommend astra-turf as a bottom medium, as Iguanas toenails will sometimes get snagged and possibly tom off. Gravel is hard to keep clean and eventually most people will let waste materials build up and it becomes a nasty bacterial breeding ground. Avoid materials like pine and cedar shavings as resins and fme dust particles produce some awful toxicity and respiratory problems in Iguanas. A water dish is used for drinking and soaking. CAUTION: The water dish should be Gleaned and disinfected daily if the lizard uses it for soaking. Some people I know offer their Iguanas a daily swim in the bath tub, with luke-warm water.

The Iguana is found in a wide geographic range from Mexico to Brazil, although most of the Iguanas sold are from permitted Iguana farms located in Columbia.

Just one U.S. importer receives 2-3,000 baby Iguanas every two weeks! They have a special appeal to almost any person in that they are usually very handlable and eat a great many foods available from the local grocery store. In fact, many people treat them like the household dog or cat, and let them have free roam of the house. Iguanas generally attain 4 to 5 feet in length within a few short years. This causes some housing problems with many of the owners, who soon find it necessary to foster them out to other homes. This is another example of how misinformed the general public can he regarding Iguanas.

Heating and Lighting: This is another misunderstood need with Iguanas. Many people use screen covers on aquariums for their Iguanas, That's OK, but in winter when the air is drier and cooler in the house, the ability of that screen to hold in heat is greatly diminished. Covering the top with saran wrap or glass helps keep in the heat. DO NOT put lights over these materials or the materials on top of the lights! We don't want any fires! Leave some screened area open for continued ventilation. Iguanas sense heat and thermo-regulate with a heat source above. This heat can be provided in the way of a red incandescent bulb, a porcelain heat emitter, or a blue

It appears that many sellers of Iguanas are either uneducated about U,e animals they proflt from or only wish to make a quick sale. Many shops are actually afraid to inform the potential customer of the requirements needed to properly care for Iguanas.

When we start adding up thc equipment needed for an Iguana we don't feci we're going to blow the sale because it might cost too much - that would be completely ludicrous. We would rather have a happy

or violet nocturnal light. We want this heat on 24

hours a day, with a daytime high of 90-95 degrees and a nighttime low of 80 degrees Fahrenheit. If needed, an additional incandescent bulb may be used to

6

MHS Newsletter Volume XV Number 5 raise the daytime tempemture and turned off at night to allow the drop. Along with that, we want to provide Ultraviolet lighting, like that of natural sunlight. This is accomplished by using a florescent fixture outfitted with a Vita-lite light bulb (Ultraviolet radiation is filtered out through glass, that's why setting the cage in a window for direct sunlight, or putting the light fixture over a glass top, will not do). UV is needed by Iguanas to assimilate vitamin D3. Providing a timer to turn florescent and secondary heat sources on during the day and off at night works well. Allow the Iguana to thermoregulate during the day by climbing closer to the heat or to get out of the heat when it feels necessary to do so. Allowing a cooler side and a wanner side in the terrarium would be of great benefit to the Iguana.

Q:

A:

Q:

A:

Q:

Feeding: Baby Iguanas will eat crickets and other

A:

insects, but as they mature they tend towards being almost completely vegetarians. Many commercially prepared dried and frozen Iguana diets are now on the market, as are special vitamins and low-inphosphorus calcium supplements, all designed to make feeding Iguanas much easier. We also feed our Iguanas as many fresh fruits, vegetables and an assortment of greens as we can. If feeding monkey chow, try soaking it in fruit juice and keep it to 25% of the total diet. Vitamins are given on the food approximately every 2 or 3 feedings. We feed every afternoon and any leftover food is discarded the next morning ( and usually given to the super mealworms and crickets - they love it and the uneaten food doesn't go to waste).

or no UV lighting. Using the right calcium with D3 to phosphorus ratio, and using a UV bulb will sometimes reverse the problem. Brittle bones also accompany this disease, so don't handle the Iguana for risk of breaking them.

Why doesn't my Iguana eat?

It May be that the Temperature is Not Warm Enough. Required temperature for Iguanas to digest food is around 85 to 90 degrees Faluenheit.

Also too cool temperatures result in respiratory infections and general inactivity.

Is my Iguana male or female?

Check for Femoral Pores. These are located on the inner thighs radiating from the cloaca and are much larger and more pronounced in males.

Femoral pores are not as noticeable in juveniles.

How long do Iguanas live?

With Proper Care Between 15 to 20 years.

This is by no means a complete Iguana care guide. I can only relate to you what is working for me, and give you some insights. Being such tolerant creatures, Iguanas can take a lot of abuse and forgive our inadequate care, sometimes. Read a lot of books and talk to people who have kept Iguanas successfully. And, if you are buying an Iguana, make sure that the person doing the selling fills you in on the needed info and answers your questions correctly.

Recommended Reading: Burghardt, Gordon M. and Rand, A. Stanley, eds.

1982. Iguallas of the World: Their Bel/flvior, Ecology, and COllservatioll. Noyes Publ. Park Ridge, NJ.

Commonly Asked Questions: Q: Do the tails grow back?

de Vosjoli, Philippe. 1992. The Green Iguanfl MallUlJi. Advanced Vivarium Systems. Lakeside, CA.

A: Yes. Q: What is the white salty lOOking stuff all over the

front of the glass?

A: Salty Stuff. Actually, it's the way Iguanas eliminate excess minerals via sneezing, Ws normal. .

Q: Why is the Iguana twitching its' hind legs?

A: This is a Vitamin B Deficiency. Recommended treatment is to administer Brewers Yeast in the food or have a veterinarian give a vitamin B injection.

Q: What are the little red bugs doing on the Iguana?

A: The Mites are Probably Sucking the Iguanas Blood and Increasing in Numbers. The Iguana's health is in jeopardy. Clean the cage and Iguana thoroughly and use a small piece of no-pest strip enclosed within a perforated plastic cup inside the cage.

Q: The jaw looks dislocated andlor the hind legs appear to be swollen, what's wrong?

A: This is a Classic Case of Calcium Deficiency.

Even if vitamins are given, calcium will be negated by the presence of too much phosphorus

Frye, Fredric L. and Townsend, Wendy. 1993.

Iguflnas: A Guide to their Biology and Care. Krieger Publishing Co. Malabar, FL. Editors Note: Mike Hoffer is a long time member of the Wisconsin Herpetological Society and is the owner of Hoffer's Tropic Life Pets in Milwaukee.

Mike's shop stocks a large variety of amphibians and reptiles, and of course related supplies. In addition to a wealth of information on the proper care of amphibians and reptiles in captivity, Mike is a frequent contributor of herp related articles to various pet industry periodicals and his enlightened attitude, as evidenced in the preceding article, regarding the retail trade in these animals is quite refreshing. So if you are ever looking for something to do besides drinking beer and eating cheese while visiting Milwaukee, stop by Hoffer's and say hi. 0

7

MRS Newsletter Volume XV Number 5

Walter J. Breckenridge Herpetological Biography and Bibliography By: John Moriarty Walter J. Breckenridge is best known in amphibian and reptile circles for his book, Reptiles and Amphibians of Minnesota which was published in 1944. The book was a popularized edition of his 1941 Ph.D. dissertation of the same title. This book was the only reference for Minnesota herpetology for 50 years and was in print for 40 years. Breck's frrst herpetological paper was published in 1937 and over the next 30 years he authored or co-authored 29 more articles. The accompanying bibliography lists all of Dr. Breckenridge's amphibian and reptile papers.

A number of Breck's articles were on amphibians and reptiles of Minnesota in general. He also did in depth studies on Black-banded (Northern Prairie) Skinks, Canadian Toads, and Spiny Softshells. The Northern Prairie Skink work was the first detailed study of the life history of this lizard. This work was done as part of his dissertation and was later published in the American Midland Naturalist. The softshell turtle work was done on the Mississippi River island that is in his backyard.

From the beginning of his career to the present Dr. Breckenridge has been a well known artist and illustrator. All the line drawings in his books and articles were drawn by him. While he has done hundreds of paintings over the years, he has only one reptile painting to his credit. This is a Six-lined Racernnner he painted in 1986.

Walter Breckenridge's professional life was at the Bell Museum of Natural History. He started there as a preparator/taxidermist in 1926 and retired in 1969 after serving as the Director for 23 years. During those years he was a leader and pioneer in wildlife photography, started the naturalist programs at Minnesota's State Parks, and was a leader in Minnesota Ornithology.

Since his retirement, Breck has been active with his painting career doing nnmerous commissions and he exhibits his work at several local shows a year.

Dr. and Mrs. Breckenridge still travel in the U.S. and the tropics, and they recently returned from a trip to Costa Rica.

Breck celebrated his 92nd birthday in March and isn't showing any signs of slowing down. A longer biography on Breck's interesting career can be found in an article by Gayle Crampton and Don Luce (1987), entitled A Life in Natural History, in the volume 4 number I issue of Bell Museum Imprint.

1938. Additions to the Herpetology of Minnesota.

Copeia 1938:47 1938. Minnesota Lizards. Mpls Pub. Lib. Mus. Nat. Note 1:10-12.

1940. Reptiles and Amphibians of Minnesota. Mpls Pub. Lib. Mus. Nat. Note 3:411-418.

1940. Reptiles and Amphibians of Minnesota.

Minn. Wild. Cons. 1st Short Course Proc. pp.36-40.

1941. Minnesota Rattlesnakes. Cons. Vol. 1(6):1012.

1941. Minnesota Turtles. Cons. Vol. 2(7):11-16.

1941. Amphibians and Reptiles of Minnesota. Proc.

Minn. Acad. Sci. 9:67-68 (abstract).

1941. Snake Myths Versus Facts. Cons. Vol. 3(13):11-14.

1941. The Amphibians and Reptiles of Minnesota with Special Reference to the Black-banded Skink, Eumeces septelltriollalis (Baird). Ph.D. Thesis.

Univ. of Minn. Mpls. 398 pp.

1942. Frogs and Toads of Minnesota. Cons. Vol. 5(27):32-36.

1942. Ring-necked Snakes in Minnesota. Copeia 1942:128.

1942. Minnesota's Non-poisonous Snakes. Cons.

Vol. 4(21): 10-15.

1942. A Large Hagnosed Snake from Minnesota.

Copeia 1942:128.

1942. Amphibians and Reptiles of Minnesota. Proc.

Minn. Acad. Sci. 9:67-68.

1943. Do You Recognize Minnesota's Lizards?

Cons. Vol. 6(33):21-24.

1943. The Life History of the Black-banded Skink,

Eumeces seplentriollalis (Baird). Am. Midi. Nat. 29:591-606.

Breckenridge Bibliography:

1943. Those Puzzling Salamanders. Cons. Vol. 6(31 }:9-12.

1937. A Correction in the Range of Potamophis

striatulus. Copeia 1937:231

1943. Reptilcs of Minnesota. MN Dcpt. Cons.

Cons. Bull. No.3 24pp.

1937. Watch for Reptiles. Flicker 37:3

8

MHS Newsletter Volume XV Number 5

ltIerRetolog~

1944. The Pilot Black Snake in Minnesota. Copcia 1944:64.

HUties

1944. Reptiles and Amphibians of Minnesota.

Univ. of Minn. Press. Minneapolis, MN. 202pp.

1955. Observations on the Life History of the Softshell Turtle, Trionyx fel'Ox, with Especial Reference to Growth. Copeia 1955:5-9.

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Phyllis, Phallus,

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1957. Specimens of Toads Wanted. Minn. Jour.

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REPTILE CLINICIAN'S HANDBOOK: A Compact Surgical and_,,_.

Clinical Reference ,':;',8:',,,,.

1960. A Spiny Soft-shelled Turtle Nest Study.

Herpetologica 16:284-285.

• ~7-~ '_.,

by Fredric L. Frye

Ong. Ed. 1994, Reissue 1995 w/minor corrections 'AF and additions Paper 292 pp. $24.50 ISBN 0·89464·948·5

1981. Minnesota Herpetology - Ecological and Historical Perspective. In: Ecology of Reptiles and Amphibians in Minnesota: Proceedings of a Symposium, Cass Lake, MN. Elwell, L.K., Cram, and Johnson, C. (eds.) 64 pp.

GECKOES: Biology, Husbandry, and Reproduction

by Friedrich-Wilhelm Henkel & Wolfgang Schmidt Iranslated by John Hackworth

151 English Ed. 1995 ISBN 0·89464-919-1

Breckenridge, W.J. and Tester, LR. 1961. Growth, Local Movements, and Hibernation of the Manitoba Toad, Bufo hemiophrys. Ecology 42:637-646.

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Ross, B.A., Tester, J .R., and Breckenridge, W.J. 1968. Ecology of Mirna-type Mounds in Northwestern Minnesota. Ecology 49: 172-177.

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Tester, J.R. and Breckenridge, W.J. 1964. Winter Behavior Patterns of the Manitoba Toad, Bufo hemiopluys, in Northwestern Minnesota. Ann. Acad.

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MHS Newsletter Volume XV Numbe/' 5

Observations on Predatory Behavior of Amphibians in Captivity

By Randy Blasus The title of this article may prove confusing to some people as most don't recognize such inconspicnous animals to be fearsome predators. That is an opinion that would change after observing them in action. As members of a long lived order that has evolved trom the murky past, these animals deserve respect. They preceded the age of giants, the Dinosaurs, and have lived through their reign to witness the rise of marrunals. To have existed for this long a time period, in geological terms, is indeed a feat and an indication of success!

harmless and are usually not afraid to approach them.

Most parents, while they may not be thrilled to ,ee animals that are somewhat slimy, generally won't leave the room screaming because the child shows them a toad they had caught. Reptiles, however, seem to evoke stronger emotional responses. Most people either find reptiles fascinating or completely disgusting and repulsive. It is this belief that amphibians are harmless that allows them to be more accepted, or at least more tolerated.

Most of the species recognized today are of a very secretive nature. Many make only brief appearances in the spring, for the purpose of procreation, and are seen again in the fall when moving to hibemacula. They are a little understood group that is now receiving intensive study to provide clues about our biosphere and it's health. It is not hard to see how these animals could be overlooked in the rush of discovery on this continent.

Now that a little background has been given on the SUbject, it is time to explore the habits of these animals. We'll start with one of the most COllUnon and well known frogs of this area. This frog brings back some of my earliest memories of childhood. Many hours were spent chasing these large, fast moving, and hard to hold animals; they were Leopard Frogs (Raila pipiells). They can be a wonderful and exciting animal to a young child. Living, as I did, on the upper reaches of the Mississippi river, I would look forward to each spring when I could again attempt to catch these elusive

Even now, as the interest for amphibians is rising, many other creatures still receive the lions share of the press. However, anyone who has taken the time to just sit and observe soon realizes that even the lowly toad has a tale to tell.

animals. However, this species is one in which many hours can be spent in fmitless pursuit if you are not in possession of a net!

I first came to realize the importance of these creatures as it was determined that my pocket book could stand only a few purchases of the more recognized class, the reptiles. And after the first rush of my introduction to herpetology had passed, where snakes seemed the be all and end all pet; I turned to a new horiron of study to observe and enjoy. The best part of this discovery process was when it was determined that even local animals could prove interesting and were more easily fDlmd. Some of the amphibians mentioned here have been collected; u"utlly, they are only kept for a few months for the pleasure of having something wild and unique in the house. Nothing can compare, however, to the thrill of having a chance encounter with a wild animal in it's natural habitat. The amphibians are important to man in the things we can learn from them such as our environment's qlutlity. They also bring enjoyment to almost any child who has the opportuuity to see the animals of this unique class up close. These are only a few of the reasons I find this group of animals noteworthy.

These memories were revived early one spring in late March when one extremely chilled specimen was found cowering in a puddle in the middle of a little used tar road near the suburban apartment where I resided. 111e animal was so chilled that it took a full five minutes of soaking up the warmth from my hands before it even begin to protest its capture. This was an adult, and a male as we later found out. He proved to be a very shy animal, as are probably many others of his species.

Their first response to stimuli seems to be to head for the hills. Evenjust entering the room was enough to upset this creature and send him bounding into hiding.

As far as predatory behavior, not much could be witnessed because of the enormous flight response. The few observations that were made showed them to be relatively effective at catching prey by making very quick maneuvers. Because of his temperament in captivity, he was released the following spring to his native habitat, aud hopefully no worse for the wear.

While these creatures may not be as glamorous as some other animals, they do posses a unique charm. Few children, or adults, do not recognize them to be

observe is the Tiger Salanutnder (Ambysioma tigl';num). This animal shows no fear of man or beast and it would as soon eat your finger as an earthwonn!

Another native species that has proven interesting to

10

MHS Newsleller Volllllle XV NUlllber 5

It is quite appareut that it's a glutton which, in all probability, would eat itself to death by attempting.to swallow prey larger than it could digest. When the cage opens, this animal immediately begins to look for food.

When active prey such as crickets are placed within its sight, it attempts clumsy and inefficient stalking techniques. The percentage of successful captures seems low, however, it also employs the sit and wait method.

This technique is not pertomled !lawlessly either. It seems that the only saving grace is that the feeding response is very well developed to the point where any movement equates food. In this way, it increases its chances of obtaining meals, but the percentage of attempts to actual ingestion still remains low. In the wild they are noted for their burrowing bebavior which was seldom displayed in captivity. The burrows may facilitate the sit and wait approach behavior better as insects may attempt to use these as hiding spots.

introduced, however, one can observe an immediate difference. The toad rises to its full heigbt and peers intently at the lllovement made by the unlucky dinner item. After a period of examination, presumably the toad's brain comes to a conclusion about the disposition of the item; it steps forward, lowers the head to striking position and uses the tongue to bring the food into its erronllOUS mouth. Some stalking behavior is observed as well as ambush techniques. Also, it is interesting how the animal casually shifts its focus of attention from the keeper to the food. Once the possibility of an easy meal is encountered all else is ignored. including the keeper.

Another successful and less publici=l Bufonid occurs right in OUr hack yard. The American Toad (Bufo americalllls) can provide the observer with much entertailUuent as they display such variety in personality when kept in slllaU groups. Several juvenile toads were kept in the same container, care taken that they were the same size to discourage accidental consumption. and each animal displayed an interesting behavior. One of the toads was very dominant and not at all hesitant to approach any new dish that contained a moving food item. TIle other two were more likely to sit and wait until the prey more closely approached them.

Other observations of feeding behavior also shows the salamanders nature. Small items are inunediately crushed in powerful jaws and swallowed. Larger prey such as earthworms are held tightly by one end and vigorously shaken in violent side to side head movements; sometimes the worms are literally pinched in half by the activity. The worm is gradually taken further into the mouth much as birds do when consuming the same item. Occasionally, the front feet are brought into play to position or hold the food. Other species, such as the anurans, are much more active in the use of their appendages. In any case, the methods must be successful for all of their primitiveness for they do seem to thrive.

The American Toads proved to be patient and very successftll at stalking their prey. Upon arrival of the insect, it would rouse from a resting position (they rest in a depression of their own construction and pull themselves into a baU with the eyes foremost to detect anything) and assume a poise of attention. Raising it's forequarters iu order to better observe dinner, it would take one or two steps toward the victim aU the while intently watching the subject. If the cricket were to stop, so would the toad, the only thing betraying impatience is a peculiar toe twitching phenomenon seen on several individuals. This behavior involves twitching the toes of the hind feet and seems to occur when they are intently watching the prey. After several stop and go sessions, the toad is within striking distance. It then merel y leans forward and snatches the item with its mouth.

Toads have been described as some of the most unlovely creahlres on the planet. However, this Ubiquitous species has proven very successful in conquering new territory and expanding its range. Such is the story of the Cane Toad (BlIfo marillus) in Australia. These large and engaging creahlfes have taken over in almost every place man has introduced them. They show no regard for any life form smaller then they are, and probably ignore most that are larger because of the poison glands that are used for protection against would be predators.

Observing a small cane toad in captivity demonstrated at least part of the prior statement to be true. This one particular animal, mdike some other reports I've heard, seems quite shy around humans, but shows little hesitation to swallow either cricket or mouse.

Juvenile toads will occasionally hesitate to attack something perceived as larger then them, or seem to he unsure of which end to attack; such is the case with earthwomls. When attempting to acquire prey such as a slow moving worm, some will even circle the prey in a strange sideways walk. With all their attention on the t()od, it will take one or two side steps and then stop to reaffirm the item's position and will then take several

When disturbed, it's first reaction is to hunker down and flatten the hody in the sleeping depression it has fonned in the soil the previous night. Once food has heen

11

MHS Newsletter Volume XV Number 5

more steps often circling entirely around the object of their attention. Once they are satisfied, a quick lunge and the capture is made. Several lunges are sometimes made but capture rates appear to be high. Toads and other anurans take ample advantage of their ability to sit on their hauuches once the food is captured. This allows them to make use of their forelimbs to grasp, hold or position the item as necessary to aid in swallowing.

The last group to be discussed 1s the family of the treefrogs, and in this instance, a long term captive adult Cuban Treefrog (Osleopilus seplelllriollalis). This animal seems by far the most intelligent of all the creatures mentioned so far. It readily observes the keeper and seems to almost possess an intelligence in its luminous and large eyes. Upon feeding time, it is probably the most successful at getting what it aims for of all those mentioned here. The method of obtaining sustenance is not so different from other amphibians,

but operations are made in three dimensions. Having the ability to climb and stalk items on a horizontal and a vertical surface allows greater flexibility, but also it exposes the animal to danger from more levels. Upon the placement of various insects, with the animal at rest on the floor, it will inquisitively cock its head at odd angles to better observe the activity of both keeper and prey.

Then, the frog merely snatche-s the prey when it comes

within easy reach.

The treefrog seems to have a greater tlexibility and a larger range of head movement then other species of amphibians probably due to its three dimensional lifestyle. When the treefrog is resting on a vertical surface, the same observations are made, but instead of waiting for dinner to come to it, it pounces down upon the victim and snatches it up. It also seems to prefer to remain up high, perhaps to better observe the goings all. When not active the frog rests on a high perch, nictitating membranes closed, and front feet crossed in the manner of a peacefully resting Buddha. This animal has proven to be very hardy and an extremely interesting one to observe.

One must remember that although some of these statements may seem anthropomorphic, such was not the intent, merely the phrasing was used to try to colorfully describe the animals. All these observations were made on captive animals so their activities may not closely parallel those of animals in their natural habitats. The intent here was merely to open up an interesting new world of activity to observe and to foster the further investigation of these interesting phenomenon.

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Prints cost $15.00 each and can be personalized upon request. Anyone interested in purchasing a print should contact the artist at MHS meetings or by calling (612) 374路8760 (w) or (612) 9332055. Proceeds will be used to further Timber Rattlesnake research in Minnesota. Order soon they won't last long.

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12

MHS Newslelter Volume XV Number 5

MHS BUSINESS May Board Meeting Highlights

Treasurer's Report

By Randy Blasus, Recording Secretary

Prepared by Marilyn Brooks, MHS Treasurer

The monthly meeting of the MHS Board of Directors was conducted on May 6th at the Bell Museum. A quorum was present. The board took the following action:

Beginning Checkbook Balance: Income: Membership Raffle Sales Donation Library Fines Other Total Income:

Walter Breckenridge is now the second lifetime member of MHS. The new microphone seems to work for the taping of meetings. A second copy of the General Meeting tapes will be given to the Historian for storage.

425.00 106.25 642.60 590.68 6.00 24.00 1,794.53

Expense:

The yearly audit has been completed.

Newsletter 453.00 Misc PrintIPost 168.90 Program 495.86 Library Books 36.17 Supplies 15.00 Refreshments 1,251.33 Other 2,420.26 Total Expense:

MHS is working to help pass a better law for herp keeping in the city of Savage.

MHS now has a source of mice again and they will be available next month.

Presented and accepted were: Treasurer's Report, Membership Report and Board Meeting Minutes.

Education Committee Scan Hewitt has volunteered to assist Education Chairperson, Dav Lydon, with organizing the various "hands on" programs and educational activities of the MHS. Sean can be reached at: (612) 935-5845.

May Raffle Donors Marilyn Brooks Kathy Boron The Jimersons Jake Jacobsen MHS

3,333.33

Net Income:

(625.73)

Ending Checkbook Balance:

2,707.60

Dedicated Funds: Funds Available:

2,000.00 707.60

MinneCIpolis Monster Reptile Swap and Sal'l!

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Buy - Sell - Trade live reptiles, Amphibians, AracM.lds, and more

2nd Sunday of each month

SlAM to 5PM

Revenue generated by raffle ticket sales help finance a variety of society functions, including the MHS Amphibian and Reptile Conservation Fund.

Congratulations to all the winners, and thanks to everyone who donated items andlor purchased raffle tickets.

June 11 July 9 August 13 Sept.10

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13

MHS Newsletter Volume XV Number 5

CALENDAR OF EVENTS June 14-18, 1995 19th Annual International Herpetological Symposium. Denver, CO. Contact: David Hulmes, 361 Van Winkle Ave., Hawthorne, NJ 07506.

June 15-19, 1995 American Society of Ichthyologists & Herpetologists - Herpetologists League Joint Meeting. Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. Contact: Dept. of BioI. Sci., Univ. of Alberta, Edmonton, Alb. T6G 2E9, Canada.

Aug. 8-13, 1995 Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles Annual Meeting. Boone, NC. Contact: Dr. Wayne Van Devender, Dept. of BioI., Appalachian State Univ., Boone, NC 28608 (704) 262-2665.

Aug. 19-20, 1995 National Reptile Breeders' Expo. Twin Towers Hotel & Convention Center.

Orlando, FL. Contact: Wayne Hill, P.O. Box 3277, Winter Haven, FL 33885 (813) 294-2235.

Sept, 16-17, 1995 Mid-Atlantic Reptile Show. Baltimore, MD. Contact: Tim Hoen, clo Maryland Herp. Soc., 2643 N. Charles St., Baltimore, MD 21218-4590 (410) 557-6879 or 235-6116.

Oct. 20-22, 1995 Midwest Herpetological Symposium. Clarion Hotel O'Hare. Rosemont, IL. Contact: Chicago Herp. Soc. - Midwest Symposium, 2001 N. Clark St., Chicago, IL 60614 (312) 281-1800.

19-20

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14

MHS Newsletter Volume XV Number 5

Classified Ads 1.0.0 = male, 0.1.0 = female, 0.0.1 = unsexed c. b. = captive bred, o.b.o. = or best offer

For Sale

literature, societies, much more... excellent information source, worldwide circulation, published since 1983. Send .32 stamp for sample. Subscriptions $ 14/yr, $24/yr 1st class. MClVisa. Great Valley Serpentarium, 2379 Maggio Circle, Unit C, Lodi, CA 95240.

209 369-7737, fax 209 369-3907.

Beautiful, solid oak display cage, 4x4 ft. must see $200. Also 8 ft display cage $150.

Call Mark 715 262-3158.

1.1.0 Columbian Boas adult $150 ea. 1.1.0 albino corns $35 ea. 1.1.0 Burmese Pythons, rnake offer.

Call Mark 712 262-3158.

â&#x20AC;˘Animal TRACKS' since 1986 - Complete animal management software for managing personal animal

collections or field notes for herpslbirds/mammals.

IBM compatiable. Full program $100. Working demo $10 deductible with purchase. For info or to order contact: Frank Slavens, P.O. Box 30744, Seattle, WA 98103. 206 542-6751, fax 206 5462912.

0.0.2 Armadillo Lizards. $25 for both. Call Dean 612566-9400.

1.1.0 Cornsnakes, 2.5 yrs. old & cage, $35 ea.

Cage $50 o.b.o. Call Ryan 612 938-8615.

African Spurred Tortoises (sulcata), variety of sizes.

Also Leopard Tortoises, c. b. hatchlings to adults.

Call Mark Dornaka 612 822-7996.

Wanted Roomate to share hotel room expenses at Denver IHS meeting. Call Steph Porter 612 690-2589.

1.1.0. Desert Rosy Boa, c.b. 93, $100. 1.1.0. MidBaja Rosy Boas, c.b. 93, $300 pr; 2.2.0 Mexican Rosy Boas, c.b. 91 $300 pro 3.3.0 Coastal Rosy Boas, c.b. 91, $259 pro 1.1.0 Columbian Rainbow Boas, c.b. 94, $175 pro Will consider trades for c.b.

Blue-tongue Skinks, Dumeril's Boas, Jungle Carpewt Pythons. Can deliver to Twin Cities. Call Mark Wendling 319857-4787.

Looking for current & back issues of herp related magazines, symposia, journals, & newsletters from around the world: U.S., England, Europe, Australia, Africa, etc. Call Joel 814724-8351, PA. All the Shed Snake Skins in the World, Always, to use at hands-{)n programs to give to kids. Bob Duerr 612541-0362.

Solomon Island Boas, Calldoia carillata paulsoll/, c.b. subadults, feeding well on dead mice, $75-$175.

Neonates born 114/95. Call Steph Porter 612 6902589.

Herp related newsclippings, original articles, artwork, cartoons, etc. for pUblication in the MHS Newsletter.

Authors and artists will receive compensation in the

Hatchling Speckled Kingsnakes $20, Black Rat Snakes $12. CallD.K. Crompton 612 872-7266, days and weekends.

form of volunteer brs, good towards one "priceless"

MHS coffee mug. Send submissions to: MN Herp.

Soc.lEditor, c/o Bell Museum of Natural History, 10 Church St. SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455-0104.

O. O. 2 Caiman Alligators 2 ft, will trade for snakes, or $60 ea, $100 pro Call Janet or Todd 701 7729148 or 701746-1055.

Wanted 2-3 Smooth Green Snakes, Opheodrys vernalis. For a comparative evaporative water loss study with the related Rough Green Snake. Snakes will be returned unharmed upon project completion.

Contact Paul Buttenhoff, Dept. of Zoo!., 331 Funchess Hall, Auburn Univ., Auburn, AL 36849, 334 826-9703.

1994 hatchlings, desertlblack kings feeding on frozen mice, $30. Also 0.1.0 Mexican Black King, 5 yrs.

Call Connie or John 612 374-5422.

HERP CLASSIFIED (Formerly Fauna Classifieds) Monthly classified for herpetofauna, food, supplies,

15

MHS Newsletter Volume XV Number 5

Miscellanous

MHS Merchandise

BREEDING INVENTORY SURVEY: Everyone keeping live reptiles and amphibians is asked to contribute to this annual report. Please submit the following info current Jan. 1st of each year. (1) inventory of collection, list number and sex, (2) list all species bred during previous year, (3) any longevity records, (4) please print clearly, your name, address, and telephone # as you want them listed, (5) please do respond. Send info to: Frank Slavens, P.O. Box 30744, Seattle, WA 98103. Fax: 206 546-2912.

MHS offers an assorUnent of herp related sales items including; books, magazines, posters, t-shirts, notecards, bultons, stickers, decals, and patches.

Look for the merchandise sales area at the far right side of the meeting room. Transactions can be handled before the meeting, during the break, or after the meeting as time permits. Selected items also available for purchase by mail order (see below).

MHS Painted Turtle Logo (blue on white)

MHS Rodent Sales Mice: pinkies $6.00 dozen fuzzies $6.00 dozen adults $9.00 dozen Rats:

pups adults

$10.00 dozen $12.00 six $24.00 dozen

stickers, decals, and patches $1.50 each postpaid

For pickup at monthly meetings only. Orders must be placed at least one week in advance of date of meeting at which frozen rodents are to be delivered.

Place orders with Terry Scheiber (612) 440¡7482.

Treefrog Notecards

WE HAVE A GREAT SELECTION OF CAPTIVE BRED HERPS.

CALL FORA COMPLETE LISTING!

JOHN & RUTH MELTZER (612) 263-7880

ERPENT'S TALE

(above design on light green stock) $3.00 per package postpaid

NATURAL HISTORY BOOK DISTRIBUTORS

ERIC THISS (612) 470-5008

All proceeds from MHS rodent and merchandise sales go toward the operating costs of the society such as; speaker fees, library purchases, charitable donations, etc.

The MHS is a completely volunteer run, non~profit organization.

FAX (612) 470-5013 464 SeGond Street â&#x20AC;˘ Excelsior, MN 55331

16

CLASSIFIED AD INSTRUCTIONS: Ads are run as a free service to paid members.

MHS takes NO responsibility for legality or health of animal advertised here. Ads may be run for three consecutive months at which time ads may be re-submitted. The editor reserves the right to omit ads when space is limited so as to allow all members a chance to advertise. Size of ad is limited to four (4) typed lines or one (I) standard size business card. DEADLINE for all newsletter items is one week before the general meeting.

NON MEMBER & EXPANDED SIZE ADS: Line ads:$.1 0 per word.

Business Cards: $5.00 per month.

Three or more months One month only Quarter page ads: $10.00 per month $7.50 per month Half page ads: $20.00 per month $15.00 per month Full page ads: $40.00 per month $25.00 per month

Six or more months $5.00 per month $10.00 per month $15.00 per month

Send all newsletter items to: Minnesota Herpetological Society Newsletter Editor, Bell Museum of Natural HistOlY, 10 Church Street South East, Minneapolis, MN 55455.

MEMBERSHIP AND T-SHIRT ORDER FORM MINNESOTA HERPETOLOGICAL SOCIETY NAME(S) ________________________________________________________________ ADDRESS, ___________________________________________________________________ CITY ____________________________ PHONE ____________________________

STATE ________

ZIP CODE

LIST IN MHS DIRECTORY?

YES

NO ____

DATE OF BIRTH ____________

DRIVER LIC #

HERPRELATEDINTERESTS: ______________________________________________________

TYPE OF MEMBERSHIP? MEMBERSHIP LEVEL?

NEW ____ RENEWAL ____ ____SUSTAINING ..... $60.00

INSTITUTION .... $25.00

____CONTRIBUTING ..... $30.00

_--DBASIC .... $15.00

Are you currently (or will be) a University of Minnesota student? _ _(check if yes) HOW DID YOU HEAR OF MHS? _______________________________________________________

NewDesign Bull Snake T-Shirts ($14.00 each includes postage) SMALL_

Indicate how many of each size MEDIUM_

LARGE_

X-LARGE_ XX-LARGE___

Please enclose payment. MAKE CHECKS PAY ABLE TO: Minnesota Herpetological Society. Membership is for 12 months from date of joining. A receipt will be sent only on request. Allow 6-8 weeks for processing. MAIL TO: Minnesota Herpetological Society, Bell Museum Of Natural History, 10 Church Street South East, Minneapolis, MN 55455-0104

MINNESOTA

Non-Profit Rate u. s. Postage

PAID

HERPETOLOGICAL

Mpls.MN Permit No. 2275

SOCIETY BELL MUSEUM OF NATURAL mSTORY 10 CHURCH STREET S. E. MINNEAPOLIS, MN 55455-0104

ADDRESS CORREcnON REQUES1ED

+

+ 1174 12/99 G

Attn: MHS Recording Secretary 3224 Idaho Avenue S St. Louis Park, MN 55426

+

+

DELIVER BY MAY 24, 1995