Vol. 26 (2006), No. 12

t he n e w sl e t t e r o f t he

minnesota herpetological society

WEB VERSION

Information edited/removed to respect privacy concerns.

December’s Speaker: Alejandro Vélez Program: “Behavioral Ecology of Poison Dart Frogs, and Its Application for Their Sustainable Use”

DECEMBER 2 00 6

V O LU M E 26

NUMBER 12

President Bruce Haig

Board of Directors

BELL MUSEUM

OF

NATURAL HISTORY, 10 CHURCH STREET SOUTHEAST, MINNEAPOLIS, MINNESOTA 55455-0104

Vice President

Recording S ecretary Ellen Heck

Membership Secretary George Richard

V O I C E M A I L : 612.624.7065 • M H S W E B P A G E : HTTP :// WWW. MNHERPSOC . ORG M H S G R O U P E M A I L : H T T P :// W W W. G R O U P S . YA H O O . C O M / G R O U P / M N H E R P S O C

Treasurer Nancy Haig

December 2006

Newsletter Editor Asra Halvorson Members at Large Fred Bosman David Dewitt

Carmelita Knudson

Education Jan Larson

Library Tim Banovitz

Webmaster Anke Reinders

Volume 26

Number 12

The Purpose of the Minnesota Herpetological Society is to:

Sarah Richard

Adoption Sarah Richard

The Minnesota H er pet ol og i ca l S o c i e t y

Committees

• of • •

Further the education of the membership and the general public in care and captive propagation reptiles and amphibians; Educate the members and the general public in the ecological role of reptiles and amphibians; Promote the study and conservation of reptiles and amphibians.

The Minnesota Herpetological Society is a non-profit, tax-exempt organization. Membership is open to all individuals with an interest in amphibians and reptiles. The Minnesota Herpetological Society Newsletter is published monthly to provide its members with information concerning the society’s activities and a media for exchanging information, opinions and resources.

General Meetings are held at Borlaug Hall, Room 335 on the St. Paul Campus of the University of Minnesota, on the first Friday of each month (unless there is a holiday conflict). The meeting starts at 7:00pm and lasts about three hours. Please check the MHS Voice mail for changes in schedules or cancellations.

Submissions to the Newsletter Ads or Notices must be submitted no later than the night of the General Meeting to be included in the next issue. Longer articles will be printed as time and space allows and should be in electronic file format if possible. See inside back cover for ad rates.

Submissions may be sent to: The Minnesota Herpetological Society Attn: Newsletter Editor Bell Museum of Natural History 10 Church St. SE. Minneapolis, MN 55455.0104

Copyright 2006, Minnesota Herpetological Society. Except where noted, contents may be reproduced for non-profit, noncommercial use only. All material must be reproduced without change. Proper credit will be given including the author/photographer and the MHS Newsletter citing: volume, number and date.

The Newsletter of the Minnesota Herpetological Society

December 2006

Croc Hunter school name bid fails

A spirited campaign by children in the US to name a school in honour of the late Crocodile Hunter, Steve Irwin, has failed.

Residents of New Braunfels, near San Antonio in central Texas, were asked to come up with names for the new elementary school planned for the area.

The support for Steve Irwin Elementary School, particularly from children, was so strong it made a short list of three potential names.

“We had to take it seriously,” Charles Burt, a member of the Comal Independent School District Board, which made the final decision, said.

After much debate, the board opted against honouring the Australian wildlife showman and chose the more traditional name, Morningside Elementary School.

A local newspaper, The San Antonio-Express News, described the board’s decision as “common sense”.

“Anybody could turn in names they thought were appropriate,” Burt said. “Some of the kids turned in Steve Irwin.”

At a board meeting open to the public, one of Irwin’s many young American fans had his say.

“A young man, I guess he was aged five or six, came up to the microphone and talked to the board,” Burt said. “He was very much in favour of the school being named after Steve Irwin.”

Opponents to naming the school after Irwin argued he had no ties to the area.

“There was a concern he wasn’t a local person,” Burt said. “He didn’t really have a connection to the local area.”

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Number 12

Florida company buys corporate rights to twoheaded snake

ST. LOUIS (AP) — A Florida pharmaceutical company has agreed to pay 15thousand dollars to use a St. Louis aquarium’s two-headed snake in its advertising.

Nutra Pharma plans to use the snake, called We, as its corporate mascot over the next six months. The company uses snake venom in its research for treating H-I-V-AIDS, multiple sclerosis and other neurological and muscular diseases.

The World Aquarium in St. Louis says it plans to use the money for conservation and an environmental concert series, scheduled for next summer in New York.

Aquarium officials acquired the twoheaded black rat snake in 1999 and tried to sell it in January for 150-thousand dollars. There were no bidders.

WearTV. 10 November 2006.

http://www.weartv.com/template/inews_wire/wires.regio nal.fl/3dbdad1e-www.weartv.com.shtml

“The other argument against was, would kids 20 years from now know who Steve Irwin was? I know he is very popular now. I’ve got young kids who are fans of his and who were traumatized when he died.

“I hope it isn’t taken as a sleight against Mr. Irwin, but we just weren’t sure about naming the school after him.”

Irwin, 44, died when a stingray barb pierced his heart when he was diving on the Great Barrier Reef on September 4.

Sydney Morning Herald, November 9, 2006. http://www.smh.com.au/news/world/croc-hunter-school-name-bidfails/2006/11/09/1162661804595.html

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The Newsletter of the Minnesota Herpetological Society

December 2006

Volume 26

Number 12

News, Notes, & Announcements November Adoption Report

by Sarah Richard, Adoption Chair

While the quality and quantity of the animals coming in was slightly down we did have two hotly contested cornsnakes and raised $100 for the society.

Totals in this month were: 2 cornsnakes 2 Small Sulcattas 1 Iguana and a Red Eared Slider (RES)

All of these went out as well as three other RES and an Ornate Box Turtle that had been in rehab.

Under Water Adventure was kind enough to take the 4 RES and we ended up with a couple of people asking about IG’s so maybe we will find a home for another Iguana as well.

I will keep you posted on that one.

Thanks as always for the people who step up to apply for the animals and special thanks to all of you that have taken home those difficult to place animals. We couldn’t have this program without you.

December’s Upcoming Speaker

Alejandro Vélez of the University of Minnesota will tell us about “Behavioral Ecology of Poison Dart Frogs, and Its Application for their Sustainable Use” at the December 1, 2006 general meeting. He will make another presentation at the banquet, subject to be a surprise.

Alejandro is studying for his doctorate in Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior at the U of M and holds masters and bachelor degrees in ecology and biology from the University de Los Andes in Bogotá, Columbia. In addition to studying dendrobates and epipedobates frogs, Alejandro has performed considerable research on the diversity and endangered status of reptiles and amphibians along the Columbian coast and in Columbian national parks. He is also an experienced SCUBA diver and has researched dolphin behavior.

Reminder! The Holiday Banquet is on Saturday, December 2nd! (The General Meeting is on Friday the 1st!) See you at both!

Wanted!

We are in need of a Photo/Art Contest Chair! It could be you! You would be in charge of the Photo/Art Contest run at the March meeting during the White Snake Sale. For more information, ask a board member!

November’s Critter of the Month Tali & Jo Rose “Sherberta”, bearded dragon

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The Newsletter of the Minnesota Herpetological Society

December 2006

Volume 26

Number 12

You know you’re a herper when...

1. You don’t mind the occasional fly in your soup, but you do fish it out to feed to the anoles.

2. You sleep on your couch, but have a nice rainforest set-up in your bedroom.

3. You have 3 freezers - only one of which you use for food.

4. Your tortoises/herbivores eat better than you do.

5. You yell at people who start to drink your bottled spring water: “Don’t drink that, it’s for the frogs!”

6. You call a pregnant woman gravid.

7. You are automatically kicked out of the small rodent club, even though you want to know how to breed them.

8. You know the nutritional content of most bugs by heart.

9. You put your kids in the 6x5x4 cage, and give the iguana their room.

10. You see a guy wearing snake-skin boots and wonder if you could get off with just manslaughter.

11. You yell at people when they squish bugs, saying that they are a valuable resource to some people.

12. Your iguana sees more sun than you do.

13. When someone flips you off, you bob your head in retaliation.

14. When trying to intimidate someone, you puff out your throat and hiss.

15. There is no such thing as a pillowcase actually on a pillow in your house.

16. You get a doggie bag at a restaurant, but leave the food and take the leafy greens used as garnish.

17. Your girlfriend left you because she gave you a choice between the snake and her, and well… she didn’t like your decision…

-Submitted by Ellen Heck

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The Newsletter of the Minnesota Herpetological Society

December 2006

In studying species richness, a high level was considered to be the appearBy Ellen Heck ance of 11 or more larvae of a given species on 3 or more visits. A medium The speaker for November was Melinda richness was 11 or more larvae on less Knutson. Melinda is with the US than 3 visits or 1-10 larvae on 3 or Geological Survey in La Crosse, WI. more visits. The low was any pond not She is a wildlife biologist and landscape meeting the above criteria. A high level ecologist. The main focus of her talk of multi-species was a pond with 2 or was a survey conducted to study farm more species meeting the high species pond ecosystems. The survey started in richness criteria.

1999 and finished in 2002. The ponds studied were in Houston and Winona The results showed that toads and gray counties in southeastern Minnesota, tree frogs occurred in all ponds. Bluemostly on private land. Although the spotted salamanders were only found in survey’s purpose was to study the 1 pond, and wood frogs also had a low wildlife that used the ponds, the frog occurrence. Most of the other species, deformity issue was also touched on. however, showed strong numbers. The

November Speaker Review

Number 12

els much lower than the toxic level can cause “feminization” of male frogs.

This would obviously affect the reproductive success of affected species.

Although they were looking for deformities, no grotesque deformities were seen and most were partial-limb and toe injuries consistent with predation. Since this study, research seems to point to infection from a parasite can affect limb growth and may be the cause of the deformities. However, Melinda pointed out that pesticides may be weakening the frogs resistance to parasites, making the problem a combination of several factors but still coming back to a polluted eco-system.

distribution was fairly even for all pond The summary of their findings is that types, and there was no real statistical difference in species richness across all the farm ponds can support a rich variety of wildlife, but need proper husponds. bandry to be truly effective. This would include keeping livestock out of the Ponds that had low nitrogen, and had ponds (they tend to defecate in the salamanders but no fish showed the water, making it unsuitable for use, greatest species richness. This is not The ponds that were studied are in the surprising, as fish are a major predator even by themselves), keeping a wide karst region, also known as the “driftbuffer area between the edges of the of amphibians. Reproductive success less” region. This area escaped the glawas highest in ponds with low nitrogen pond and any agricultural use, and to ciers of the last Ice Age and so contains not stock them with fish. and lacked both fish and vegetation. an unusual geology and topography, However, the vegetation may or may which in turn supports an unusual ecoIn a side study, Melinda also worked not be factor, since it is possible they system. simply couldn’t find the tadpoles in the with Brian Pember in a study of the post-breeding habitat of leopard frogs. weeds.

The artificial farm ponds date largely In the first year they tagged 26 frogs from the 1930’s and help prevent gully Tiger salamanders seemed to favor larg- using sensors tied around the frogs by erosion, intercept sediments and nutrielastic and other materials. They found er ponds set in grasslands where the ents, and water livestock. They tend to moisture is lower. Spring peepers liked this method to be ineffective, as the be small, most freezing out in the winfrogs tended to lose the transmitters clear un-grazed ponds in a forested ter. landscape with more wetlands around. after about 10 days. The harnesses also Gray tree frogs were found in forested caused skin lesions. However, some The survey was conducted on 40 randata was collected. One frog moved areas, in un-grazed ponds with low domly selected ponds. 10 were surseveral hundred yards, following a nitrogen. rounded by cropland, 10 were grazed small stream, others moving about the (pasture, livestock had access to the Ponds in cropland and the grazed ponds same overall distance but within a pond), 10 were un-grazed and 10 were tended to be higher in phosphorus, smaller area. natural. The selection was to see the nitrogen and atrazine. Although none impact of the pond use on wildlife and of the ponds showed excessive atrazine The second year they surgically how they used the ponds as well as levels, the study was conducted before implanted the transmitters in the frogs. species richness, multi-species richness, more research showed that atrazine lev- This yielded several months of data reproductive success and deformities.

Frog-calling surveys can only demonstrate the presence of the frogs, not whether breeding was successful or the survival rate of the tadpoles. Frogs have been known to call in ponds that are unsuitable for breeding.

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Volume 26

The Newsletter of the Minnesota Herpetological Society

before the transmitters died. Again, one frog headed about 300 meters upstream from the breeding grounds. Another intrepid frog struck out across country, crossing a road and open farmland to get to another pond. This frog did not stick to “edges” in its movement. Two hopped through a forest to another pond. There is speculation that the frogs tend to breed in one pond, but overwinter in another, frequently deeper pond. One frog they studied even went across a large parking lot.

The frogs moved on average 15 meters per day, with a maximum distance of 396 meters. The maximum straight-line distance was 1026 meters and the maximum total distance was 3316. However, 95% of the movement was in the “home range” of 5.3 hectares, with 50% of the movement within a 1 ha range.

Farm Pond Ecosystems

http://www.umesc.usgs.gov/documents/repor ts/2005/knutson_farm_pond_2005.pdf

The Study

http://www.umesc.usgs.gov/documents/publications/2004/knutson-014-03-0669_ecological_applications_2004.pdf

Joseph M. Kiesecker’s frog deformities study

http://www.pnas.org/cgi/reprint/99/15/9900. pdf

Natural Resources Conservation Service www.nrcs.usda.gov

December 2006

Volume 26

Number 12

Kentucky woman fatally bitten by snake during church service

LONDON, Kentucky (AP) - A woman died after being bitten by a snake during a serpent-handling service at church, police said.

Linda Long, 48, of London, Ky, died Sunday at University of Kentucky Medical Center, said Brad Mitchell, a detective with the Laurel County Sheriff’s Office said Tuesday. Long died about four hours after the bite was reported, the Lexington Herald-Leader reported.

Officials said Long attended East London Holiness Church. Neighbours of the church told the newspaper the church practices serpent handling.

Snake handling is based on a passage in the Bible from the Gospel of Mark that says a sign of a true believer is the power to “take up serpents” without being harmed.

Handling reptiles as part of religious services is illegal in Kentucky. Snake handling is a misdemeanour and punishable by a US$50 to $100 fine. Police said they had not received reports about snake handling at the church.

Church officials could not be reached for comment.

Canadian Press, 8 November 2006. http://www.canada.com/topics/news/world/story.html?id=5f51d222-ad92-

4963-aa62-aacc064c9d4b&k=89762

Zoo sells crocodile meat to raise money

BEIJING - A crocodile zoo in south China’s island province of Hainan has started selling its animals to local meat lovers in an effort to raise money, a zoo official has said.

A crocodile zoo in south China’s island province of Hainan has started selling its animals to local meat lovers in an effort to raise money, a zoo official has said.

The Nantai Crocodile Lake Zoo, home to over 3,000 crocodiles, started the trade late last week, offering the exotic meat at 216 yuan (27 dollars) per kilogram, said Zheng Yi, the zoo’s director.

“So far we’ve managed to sell the meat of one or two crocodiles a day,” Zheng told AFP by telephone. “If there is a market, we plan to sell 2,000 crocodiles that way.”

He said the zoo was forced to take the drastic step to survive, but added potential buyers had nothing to fear. “The meat is definitely safe,” he said.

The China Daily. 7 November 2006 http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/china/2006-11/07/content_727200.htm

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The Newsletter of the Minnesota Herpetological Society

December 2006

Volume 26

Number 12

Lizards that showed an aversion to other scents at an early age were more likely to flee highly populated areas of the They may be cold-blooded, but some lizards have warm per- enclosure, Cote’s team found. These lizards were described sonalities and like to socialize, a new study shows. as “asocial”. In contrast, those that had been initially attracted to other scents often left sparsely populated areas of the A behavioral study reveals that lizards have different social enclosure to seek out areas of higher population density. skills: some are naturally inclined to join large groups while others eschew company altogether. The discovery of reptilian Understanding these personality differences in wild animals personality types could help ecologists better understand and could give ecologists a more nuanced view of population model animal population dynamics, say the researchers dynamics, Cote says. “When studying and modeling how involved. populations function, it is necessary to consider different

Lizards have personalities too, study shows

Scientists define “personality differences” as consistent behavioral difference between individuals across time and contexts. But there is a need for more research on these differences in wild animals, says Julien Cote of the Pierre and Marie Curie University in Paris, France. “Psychologists have explored the considerable range of non-human personalities like sociability, but mostly on domesticated animals,” he says.

Scent of another

Cote and colleagues captured wild pregnant common lizards (Lacerta vivipara), and as soon as the offspring were born they were exposed to the scent of other lizards, to test their reactions. Over the next year the team monitored the newly born creatures to see how much time each spent in different areas of their enclosure.

Heating pad sparked Gatorland fire; damage up to $3 million

Gatorland President Mark McHugh said this afternoon that the fire that destroyed the attraction’s main entrance and other areas caused $2 million to $3 million in damage.

McHugh gave his estimate during a press conference at the south Orange County attraction.

Earlier today, the state fire marshal said a heating pad in the snake exhibit caused the Monday fire.

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The blaze was ruled accidental, State Fire Marshal Detective Bill Newman said. The conclusion was reached based on evidence in the fire rubble that was traced to the snake exhibit where two pythons died. One dwarf crocodile also was killed in the blaze reported at 5:55 a.m. Monday.

kinds of individuals reacting differently to the environment rather than a unique behavioral response for all individuals.”

Other experts agree that personality types could help explain why some animals might be more reluctant to leave a group and explore new turf. “If you have a personality by definition you are constrained,” says ecologist Jason Jones of Vassar College in Poughkeepsie, New York, US.

Journal reference: Proceedings of the Royal Society B (DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2006.3734)

Khamsi, Roxanne. “Lizards have Personalities too, Study Shows.” New Scientist. 08

November 2006. http://www.newscientist.com/article.ns?id=dn10473&feedId=onlinenews_rss20

Newman said the fire in the Orange County attraction raged out of control so quickly because the building was mostly made of wood and because of the amount of clothing and other fire fuel in the gift shop.

“The debris pile was at least three to five feet high,” Newman said of the scene.

Gatorland’s owners have vowed to reopen on Nov. 22.

Kassab, Beth and Christopher Boyd. “Heating Pad Sparked Gatorland Fire” Orlando

Sentinel. 8 November 2006. Accessed from http://www.chicagotribune.com/travel/orl-

bk-gatorland11082006,0,4995558.story?coll=chi-homepagetravel-hed

The Newsletter of the Minnesota Herpetological Society

Tortoise is stolen after 60 years

A 70-year-old tortoise has been stolen from a Hampshire woman, who bought her from a pet shop 60 years ago.

Valerie Light, 68, of Manor Fields in Liphook, was keeping her pet, Jill, in a shed at her home.

The tortoise, which Mrs Light bought for two shillings and six pence in 1946, is valued at about £400.

Mrs Light, who is offering a reward for the safe return of Jill, told BBC News: “I’m absolutely devastated because she was like member of the family.”

‘Specialist treatment’

“She was part of my upbringing,” she added.

“The grandchildren are terribly upset as well - it’s the whole family that’s affected.”

Mrs. Light had been keeping the tortoise outside because of the mild weather.

She was due to be brought inside for a period of hibernation before she disappeared on 27 October.

Mrs Light said she was worried that whoever took Jill may not know how to look after her properly.

“She does have to have specialist treatment in the winter,” she said.

“I’m desperate to get hold of anybody who breeds tortoises in the area because she might have tried to be sold there.” http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/england/hampshire/6121192.stm

December 2006

Volume 26

Number 12

MHS Treasurer's Report

Prepared by Nancy Haig, Treasurer

For October 2006 Beginning Checkbook Balance: . . . . . . . . . . . 20,240.83

Income: Membership . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 505.00 Library Fines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.00 Raffle. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66.00 Adoption . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.00 Rodent Sales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 385.00 Hands Ons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.00 Sales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.00 Renfest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 861.23 Renfest*. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1250.00 Total Income: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,167.23 Expense: Newsletter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 364.15 Misc. Printing and Postage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 400.00 Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50.00 Library . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.00 Supplies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.00 Hands-On . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.00 Rodent Cost . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 912.61 Adoption Cost . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180.00 Donations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.00 Insurance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,122.00 Other* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192.10 Other* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115.21 Total Expense: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,336.07

Cash Increase/(Decrease): . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (168.84) Ending Checkbook Balance: . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20,071.99 Placement of Cash Holdings

Checking Account . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20,071.99 Cash on Hand . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155.00

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20,266.99

Treasurer’s Notes: Income: $100.00 donation (Sherburne Wildlife National Refuge), $861.23 Last weekend of Renfest Expense: $192.10 voicemail, $115.21 Renfest supplies

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