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Vol. 66 Number 4

APRIL 2019

15-30 COVER IMAGES ON SOFTWARE FOR DESIGN, SIMULATION: On the right, integrated motion sizing tools in Beckhoff Automation software assist in the selection and installation of components in a graphical interface (p. 30). Bottom, an image from B&R Automation shows how the same system software is used in the simulation and the real plant, making it possible to switch between simulation and real operation at any time (p. 27).

INSIGHTS 5 | International: Hannover Messe in motion NEWS

6 | Automation trends, insights from a new company president 8 | Realizing the potential and benefits of an MES; Mechatronics development site and logistics center is underway; Online headlines 12 | Think Again: Don’t ignore these automation trends

ANSWERS 15 | Optimize production line design with simulation modeling 17 | Using IEC 61131-3 programming languages for simulation

24 | How simulation helps automation and controls 27 | Plug and model simulation tools for automation software 30 | Efficient motion system engineering reduces servomotor costs 32 | How to evaluate a system integrator for a project 34 | Steps to take for a successful integration project 36 | Ask 11 questions to simplify system integration 38 | Three data types companies need to prioritize 40 | What is rate-predictive control? 42 | Understanding feedforward control 45 | Automated test equipment attributes INSIDE MACHINES

M1 | Low-priced medium-voltage drives can have long-term costs M4 | IIoT-ready technologies improve machine controls M9 | Think safety when adding automated processes

CONTROL ENGINEERING (ISSN 0010-8049, Vol. 66, No. 4, GST #123397457) is published 12x per year, Monthly by CFE Media, LLC, 3010 Highland Parkway, Suite #325 Downers Grove, IL 60515. Jim Langhenry, Group Publisher/Co-Founder; Steve Rourke CEO/COO/Co-Founder. CONTROL ENGINEERING copyright 2019 by CFE Media, LLC. All rights reserved. CONTROL ENGINEERING is a registered trademark of CFE Media, LLC used under license. Perio dicals postage paid at Downers Grove, IL 60515 and additional mailing offices. Circulation records are maintained at 3010 Highland Parkway, Suite #325 Downers Grove, IL 60515. Telephone: 630/571-4070. E-mail: customerservice@cfemedia.com. Postmaster: send address changes to CONTROL ENGINEERING, 3010 Highland Parkway, Suite #325 Downers Grove, IL 60515. Publications Mail Agreement No. 40685520. Return undeliverable Canadian addresses to: 3010 Highland Parkway, Suite #325 Downers Grove, IL 60515. Email: customerservice@cfemedia.com. Rates for nonqualified subscriptions, including all issues: USA, $165/yr; Canada/Mexico, $200/yr (includes 7% GST, GST#123397457); International air delivery $350/yr. Except for special issues where price changes are indicated, single copies are available for $30 US and $35 foreign. Please address all subscription mail to CONTROL ENGINEERING, 3010 Highland Parkway, Suite #325 Downers Grove, IL 60515. Printed in the USA. CFE Media, LLC does not assume and hereby disclaims any liability to any person for any loss or damage caused by errors or omissions in the material contained herein, regardless of whether such errors result from negligence, accident or any other cause whatsoever.

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INSIGHTS INTERNATIONAL

Aileen Jin, Control Engineering China

Digital innovations, AI, Industrie 4.0 Industrial artificial intelligence (AI) technology applications are among the important trends in digital transformation for manufacturing and Industrie 4.0 advancements.

ith rapid development of Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) and Big Data analysis, manufacturing enterprises are creating more demand for artificial intelligence (AI). How to integrate AI with industrial applications and enhance value and efficiency are among users’ greatest concerns. By applying Industrie 4.0 digital technologies, leading automation enterprises are well prepared to enter the next stage of AI applications. At the Festo global media conference, Frank Melzer, director of product and technology management and member of the management board of Festo AG & Co. KG, suggested industrial AI applications will become among the most important digital transformation trends for manufacturing and Industrie 4.0. Melzer, the newly appointed chairman of the steering committee of Platform Industrie 4.0, said development of innovative digital technologies, such as AI, would be a priority in the next two years, to advance Industrie 4.0 initiatives.

AI will accelerate Industrie 4.0

AI is not new. In recent years, increased demand for AI applications and relevant digital technologies has accelerated AI development. Automation enterprises are making plans. In 2018, Festo acquired Resolto, a company providing real-time AI applications. Resolto’s real-time software monitors system and sensor status. “Analysis technology and artificial intelligence will exert huge impact on our product portfolio, for artificial intelligence algorithm can be integrated in Festo cloud and onsite components,” Melzer said. At SPS IPC Drives 2018 in Nuremberg, Festo and Resolto demonstrated the first set of applications, including a controller that uses AI for monitoring and a new motor controller. Resolto’s machine learning algorithm can extend functionality and provide intelligent process monitoring, predicting battery failure. The 2019 Hannover Messe in April will show more Festo products and applications, he said. With machine learning, bio-mimetic robots and human-machine cooperation, Festo has been advancing automation and AI applications. Festo introduced a pneumatic lightweight robot that can be used as an auxiliary system. It can alleviate the burden of operators performing dull or dangerous working processes.

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Extended functions offer simple operability, position monitoring, voice control, machine learning and AI, so the human and robot can cooperate more directly. The bio-mimetic lightweight robot has a natural motion pattern and a flexible pneumatic system, making it suitable for safe human-machine collaboration, which is an economical and high-efficiency advancement in robotics. Such an assembly collaborative robot is applied in the Scharnhausen technology factory area of Festo in Germany. It works with employees without traditional robot safety provisions, such as enclosures, helping with dull, ergonometric challenges related to pneumatic valve assembling. High efficiency, flexibility and safety are among the robot’s characteristics.

Cloud-based IIoT connections

To help with local connections, a Festo IoT gateway enables Industrie 4.0 digital developments and eases access to data analysis. The gateway can be used in hardware with unrestricted communication by connecting elements and field-level modules, such as a pneumatic valve terminal, energy saving pneumatic module, or connections to the Festo cloud through an OPC Unified Architecture interface. The Festo cloud display interface provides more digitalization support, showing collected information, supporting machine manufacturers and pneumatic terminal users and improving overall equipment effectiveness. Comprehensive diagnosis, status monitoring and maintenance improvement reduces unplanned shutdowns. The system operator can examine the machine process control system to improve energy savings. A cloud-based IoT application, Festo’s first digital maintenance application, can be downloaded and install from Apple and Google application markets. The production manager’s user interface may be opened through the browser. The maintenance software helps pneumatic terminal users plan, monitor, and assess system maintenance so maintenance can be realized in a simpler, faster and more reliable way. This visibility helps the system operator and production manager improve reliability and saves a lot of work related to process and coordination. ce

Aileen Jin is editor-in-chief, Control Engineering China. Edited by Mark T. Hoske, content manager, Control Engineering, CFE Media, mhoske@cfemedia.com. CONTROL ENGINEERING

At the recent Festo global media conference, Frank Melzer, director of product and technology management and member of the management board of Festo AG & Co. KG, suggested that industrial AI applications will become more important. Courtesy: Control Engineering China, Festo

M More INSIGHTS KEYWORDS: AI, Industrie

4.0, IIoT, digitalization Artificial intelligence (AI) is advancing Industrie 4.0 and digitalization. Gateways connect manufacturing with useful cloud-based applications. Smart pneumatic robots can work collaborative with humans in industrial settings.

CONSIDER THIS Are your investments in Industrie 4.0 and IIoT enabling technologies matching or exceeding competitors?

April 2019

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INSIGHTS NEWS

Automation trends Advantages from automation, controls, and instrumentation implementations were among topics Kevin Barker, president of Beckhoff Automation LLC, discussed with Control Engineering and CFE Media in a Feb. 26 interview at the Savage, Minn., Beckhoff U.S. headquarters.

“Good enough” just isn’t good enough anymore. For a resurgence in American manufacturing, rapid increases in productivity, visibility, flexibility, and agility are needed. We’re really well-positioned to help. CE: What challenges are customers facing? Are they facing any major differAutomation answers ences compared to past challenges? Control Engineering, CFE Media: Barker: Manufacturers are under presWhat are a few key trends driving prod- sure from demographic changes due to uct design and development? retiring engineers coupled with too few Barker: There’s been more of a focus young people going into engineering on open technologies, programming stan- disciplines. dards, and operating environments as In addition, our customers’ product opposed to a particular architecture or pro- proliferation has grown from dozens to grammming language. Greater volumes of thousands of options. Consumer tastes are data and information are available from changing. For many years, major brewthousands of devices. There’s a shortage ers touted beer that tasted the same all the of engineering talent. All of these factors time; now consumers want unique experiare creating a need to create better soft- ences. People want a custom car, but only ware tools that adapt to meet people where want to pay $40,000. With automation they’re at, where their skill sets are, and and controls, engineers used to say no one what comfort level they have with automa- would get fired for using the largest autotion and controls technologies. mation suppliers. Today, manufacturing CE: What in your past has prepared leaders need to do more than not get fired. you for this future? Every industry wants to deliver rich expeBarker: Working for various so-called riences with new strategies, internet, cloud, underdogs in industry, I’ve helped cus- and with work instructions at the machine tomers overcome the problems of existing level to shorten the supply chain. A variety automation choices. Incremental improve- of industries, such as consumer products, ments aren’t enough; companies need to automotive, advanced manufacturing, and be open to new technologies to see fun- material handling, need to advance with damental paradigm shifts in productivity. higher flexibility and a lot of engineering. CE: What isn’t being measured that should be emphasized more? Barker: The old way often focused solely on operational equipment effectiveness measurements. Today, we need to go above and beyond this. The first phase is to look at lifecycle costs. Then look at lost opportunity costs, the cost of not doing things because existing processes aren’t flexible enough. Are companies missing A panel of technology at Beckhoff Automation LLC opportunities to diversify training room in Savage, Minn., headquarters, proproduct lines? Are they vides hands-on experiential learning. Courtesy: Mark meeting changing cusT. Hoske, Control Engineering, CFE Media tomer expectations? Are

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CONTROL ENGINEERING

Kevin Barker, Beckhoff Automation LLC president, discussed automation trends with Control Engineering in a Feb. 26 interview at the Beckhoff Savage, Minn., U.S. headquarters. Read more online. Courtesy: Mark T. Hoske, Control Engineering, CFE Media

they quantifying those losses? Many industries have disrupters; we’re partnering with those who want to change. CE: How is training changing? Barker: More customers are working with technology providers to get the tools and information they need. We have opportunities to bring customers up to speed and focus around the platforms and technologies that work for them. We’re expanding our training so we can meet them where they’re at. For instance, programming is evolving to include C and other IT standards in the industrial engineering community. CE: Is data transferring into intelligence as quickly as it should be? Barker: Traditionally, we’ve had islands of automation, with platforms that don’t readily communicate. How can customers better extract, store, analyze, and make use of data, while protecting access as needed? We can help the industrial world with using message queuing telemetry transport (MQTT)6 and OPC Unified Architecture, rather than putting 30-year-old serial technology on a faster wire. Products certified by cloud platforms improve system integration, unlike companies that meet the letter of the law [standard compliance], but not the intent [interoperability]. Platform integration of motion control, machine control, Industrial Internet of Things, visualization, sensing technologies, and analytics is a distinct advantage. CE: Do you have a plan and timeline to proceed? Barker: I’ve resisted creating artificial timelines. I have an open mind and want to bring new ideas to help or add value. We are adding a dozen new employees and opening four new sales offices this quarter. We have plans to solve many of the highlevel challenges discussed here, and I am preparing the organization for those. ce Mark T. Hoske is content manager, Control Engineering, mhoske@cfemedia.com. Bailey S. Rice, CFE Media director of business and market development, helped with the questions and discussion. www.controleng.com

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INSIGHTS

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NEWS

Realizing the potential and benefits of an MES There are hidden treasures at the manufacturer’s information technology (IT) shelf of already owned software not being used. More specifically, the manufacturing operations management (MOM) or manufacturing execution system (MES) software the company purchased a few years back that hasn’t been deployed to its full capabilities. Results from a joint survey with Gartner and MESA International indicates that even though most companies have achieved the expected return on investment (ROI), they still believe there is more value to capture with their MES. It seems easy to achieve the initial benefits and then move on to other things. Does management even know about these potential benefits? Has the organization bothered to present these additional areas of improvement as possible phase 2 or phase 3 projects with its own ROI? This is a common occurrence. The first few tasks are easy, but the next steps

are perceived as harder work. After the low-hanging fruit in the first phase, the next phase is going to take harder integration work. However, the potential benefits also can be much bigger. In fact, MES is a foundational enabler to the Smart Manufacturing strategy, and it was probably not positioned that way in its first implementation. MES is often implemented and justified based on the benefits of eliminating paper-based processes in production. However, companies that fully embrace the MES as an enabler for more process improvement and business transformation are achieving three to ten times the initial benefit in the next three to five years. The MES is not fully rolled out to all facilities and programs might be obvious, but there is more functionality and integration potential left on the table might be less obvious. Typical areas of process improvement post initial implementation of the MES include:

Mechatronics development site, logistics center is underway in Germany

enze laid the foundation for its new Mechatronic Competence Campus (MCC) in Extertal, Germany, which is a modern development and production site in North Rhine-Westphalia. The facility, which costs $57 million, covers 81,000 sq ft, with a total of nearly 323,000 sq ft of space available on the campus for development, production, service and storage. The MCC will be “one of the most ground-breaking mechatronics production facilities in Germany” and “an important reference project for the future of collaboration,” said Christian Wendler, CEO of Lenze. The MCC is expected to help Lenze innovation and processes and significantly shorten time to market. Industrie 4.0 will be reflected in practice at the MCC. Driverless transport systems will be used in production, while a modern high-bay storage facility with space for more than 16,000 pallets and over 15,000 containers will be directly connected. Around 300 Lenze drives will be mounted in logistics. The make-to-order process aims to be between 50 and 85 percent faster. In extreme cases, the throughput time will drop from 32 days to only five days because unnecessary material movements and idle times are eliminated. – Edited from a Lenze press release by CFE Media.

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CONTROL ENGINEERING

• Integration of in-process quality management processes, material review board (MRB), rework specifications, and corrective action management • Integration of automated factory equipment (like parts placement and inspection equipment) that collects a lot of data can be pumped into the MES • Integration of engineering data directly from the PLM system including 3-D CAD as the basis for 3-D visuals for work instructions and integration of specification in PMI directly into the MES inspection verification requirements • Integration of the supply chain management processes including supplier quality management. ce Conrad Leiva is chairman of the MESA Smart Manufacturing Working Group. This article originally appeared on MESA International’s blog. MESA International is a CFE Media content partner. Edited by Chris Vavra, production editor, CFE Media, cvavra@cfemedia.com.

Headlines online Top 5 Control Engineering articles Articles about the R&D tax credit, easy automation, IIoT software in manufacturing, IEEE 1584-2018, and the Engineers’ Choice Awards were the most-viewed, March 11-17. Algorithm developed to improve machine-learning models MIT researchers have developed an algorithm that designs optimized machine-learning models up to 200 times faster than traditional methods. Supercomputer developed Argonne National Laboratory’s exascale computer, Aurora, will launch in 2021 and support machine learning and traditional modeling and simulation workloads. Machine design concepts improve automation, control simulation Virtual design tools and automation software intersect to save time and costs. www.controleng.com

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APRIL 2019

INNOVATIONS NEW PRODUCTS FOR ENGINEERS

59 | New Products for Engineers: equip-

ment power supply; Advanced analytics software for process manufacturers; Hardware and software benchtop system; Solid core current transformers; Safety interlock switch; Motor control system for linear axes. See more New Products for Engineers at www.controleng.com/NP4E.

BACK TO BASICS

61 | Robotics 101: An overview for engineers

NEWSLETTER: Machine Control • Low-power hybrid chip makes small robots more capable • Automation trends, insights from a new company president • Five common automotive robot applications • Hannover Messe focuses on AI, machine learning • Defense sector applications for embedded vision technology.

Control Engineering eBook series: IIoT Cloud Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) can benefit manufacturing applications with digitalization and simulation, more interconnections, cloud computing, industrial transformation, and integration of information technologies (IT) and operations technologies (OT).

CFE EDU: Catapult your career forward Earn learning units and discover exclusive content through videos, presentations and access to experts at CFE Edu, an on-demand education platform by CFE Media. Check out the course catalog today at: cfeedu.cfemedia.com/catalog. Courses include: • Introduction to IIoT and Industrie 4.0 • Introduction to PLCs • The Electrical Bundle • Arc Flash Mitigation

Oil & Gas Engineering helps maximize uptime and increase productivity through the use of industry best practices and new innovations, increase efficiency from the wellhead to the refinery by implementing automation and monitoring strategies, and maintain and improve safety for workers and the work environment. Read the digital edition at www.oilandgaseng.com.

controleng.com provides new, relevant automation, controls, and instrumentation content daily, access to databases for new products and system integrators, and online training. www.controleng.com

CONTROL ENGINEERING

April 2019

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INSIGHTS THINK AGAIN

Don’t miss automation trends

No one wants to miss the next big thing. What if the next big thing in automation has been here, and you haven’t noticed yet?

echnological advances tend to Automated material handling technolosneak up on us, and we may gies are enhanced with intelligent software not implement automation to help optimize the connected distribuadvances quickly enough for tion center with robotic systems, according our own good. I’m particularly to Honeywell Intelligrated. reflective on that point in Control EngineerThe CoaxPress 2.0 standard, expected ing’s 65th anniversary year because: to be released in June, offers high frame • There’s wisdom in the adage, “You rates over long distances for demanding look, but do not see.” machine vision applications. New machine • April includes the Manufacturing vision technologies are being developed to Awards dinner highlighting, which fea- take advantage of the high-performance tures the Control Engineering capabilities, according to Basler, a Engineers’ Choice Award winSilicon Software company. ners (chosen by subscribers), Digital connectivity after a day of innovations at the Radio-frequency identifiCFE Media Marketing to Engication (RFID) and sensors can neers conference. combine wireless identifica• April’s Automate show in tion and condition monitoring Chicago’s McCormick Place to enhance Industrial Internet of (co-located with ProMat) offers Mark T. Hoske, a technologically tasty smor- Content Manager Things (IIoT) capabilities, according to Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft, gasbord of advances. said to be Europe’s largest applicaAutomation trends you may not have noticed, but should, follow. tion-oriented research organization. Digital transformation is enabled with In the online version of this article, see the related automation vendors April 8 to 11 smart factory elements, such as better data at Automate 2019, a conference held every management, cloud-based services, rapid other year, coordinated by Association for IT integration with edge devices and high Advancing Automation (A3) and its con- high-end robotics combined with ROS stituent organizations, RIA, AIA, MCMA. vision technology (ROS, robot operator Conference sessions at the show include: system open source software), said AustriaAutomation return on investment (ROI), based Keba AG. Single-cable connectivity for servo and system integrator selection, safety cloud robotics and automation and more. See stepper kits offers significant cost savings from reduced component count and other innovations below and online. simplified installation procedures. With Enhanced motion, vision smaller motors, finding space for two conMotion control is available with preci- nectors can be awkward, said Posital. sion less than 100 nm 3-dimensional 6-axis Integrated robotics points from Alio Industries. A three-robot mini-factory will simuExtend the reach and utilization opportunities for a robot with an overhead (wall late the assembly and packaging of USB or floor mounted) linear track giving the flash drives with a single-arm collaborarobot another axis of motion. The applica- tive robot, an invert-mounted SCARA, tion extends the robot work envelope for and a light-weight, compact 6-axis robot, material handling, machine tending, weld- driven by the same controller, said ABB ing, and other applications, said Güdel Inc. Robotics. Advanced automation technologies enable the factory of the future with traceability and flexible manufacturing using robotics, sensing, control, motion, vision If reading from the digital edition, click and safety technologies in an interactive on the headline for more resources, photos, and links. www.controleng.com/magazine demonstration, according to Omron. ce

M More INSIGHTS INSIGHT

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April 2019

CONTROL ENGINEERING

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Content Specialists/Editorial Mark T. Hoske, Content Manager 630-571-4070, x2227, MHoske@CFEMedia.com Jack Smith, Content Manager 630-571-4070, x2230, JSmith@CFEMedia.com Kevin Parker, Senior Contributing Editor, IIoT, OGE 630-571-4070, x2228, KParker@CFEMedia.com Emily Guenther, Director of Interactive Media 630-571-4070, x2229, eguenther@CFEMedia.com Amanda Pelliccione, Director of Research 978-302-3463, APelliccione@CFEMedia.com Chris Vavra, Production Editor CVavra@CFEMedia.com

Contributing Content Specialists Suzanne Gill, Control Engineering Europe suzanne.gill@imlgroup.co.uk Ekaterina Kosareva, Control Engineering Russia ekaterina.kosareva@fsmedia.ru Seweryn Scibior, Control Engineering Poland seweryn.scibior@trademedia.us Lukáš Smelík, Control Engineering Czech Republic lukas.smelik@trademedia.us Aileen Jin, Control Engineering China aileenjin@cechina.cn

Editorial Advisory Board

www.controleng.com/EAB Doug Bell, president, InterConnecting Automation, www.interconnectingautomation.com David Bishop, president and a founder Matrix Technologies, www.matrixti.com Daniel E. Capano, president, Diversified Technical Services Inc. of Stamford, CT, www.linkedin.com/in/daniel-capano-7b886bb0 Frank Lamb, founder and owner Automation Consulting LLC, www.automationllc.com Joe Martin, president and founder Martin Control Systems, www.martincsi.com Rick Pierro, president and co-founder Superior Controls, www.superiorcontrols.com Mark Voigtmann, partner, automation practice lead Faegre Baker Daniels, www.FaegreBD.com

CFE Media Contributor Guidelines Overview Content For Engineers. That’s what CFE Media stands for, and what CFE Media is all about – engineers sharing with their peers. We welcome content submissions for all interested parties in engineering. We will use those materials online, on our website, in print and in newsletters to keep engineers informed about the products, solutions and industry trends. www.controleng.com/contribute explains how to submit press releases, products, images and graphics, bylined feature articles, case studies, white papers, and other media. * Content should focus on helping engineers solve problems. Articles that are commercial or are critical of other products or organizations will be rejected. (Technology discussions and comparative tables may be accepted if non-promotional and if contributor corroborates information with sources cited.) * If the content meets criteria noted in guidelines, expect to see it first on our Websites. Content for our e-newsletters comes from content already available on our Websites. All content for print also will be online. All content that appears in our print magazines will appear as space permits, and we will indicate in print if more content from that article is available online. * Deadlines for feature articles intended for the print magazines are at least two months in advance of the publication date. Again, it is best to discuss all feature articles with the appropriate content manager prior to submission. Learn more at: www.controleng.com/contribute

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ANSWERS

SIMULATION MODELING Christy Starner, Dennis Group

Optimize production line design with simulation modeling Simulation modeling, used properly, can identify and remove risks, maximize value, and help produce successful outcomes. Ask these five questions to ensure the model reflects realistic behavior and constraints.

imulation can be a powerful tool throughout a project and enables the project team to visualize many aspects of a production line during the design phase. To plan a new production line or modify an existing one, many questions must be answered including: 1. What will this line produce? 2. How fast will it run? 3. What line efficiency can I expect? 4. How will this equipment fit within my space? 5. If conveyors are used, what are the constraints? (What is the conveyor’s capacity? What happens to the line during a backup condition and how long will it take to recover? Where should buffers be placed to be most effective? Can existing conveyors or unit operations be reapplied?)

Technology designed to visualize a line and bring it to life prior to development is more accessible than ever. 3-D PDFs or videos can be viewed electronically, and many software programs now integrate directly with virtual reality (VR) headsets, which allow stakeholders to step into an accurate interactive line layout. This visualization helps everyone understand design parameters more effectively and reach consensus on the final design. Augmented reality (AR) smartphone apps and headsets allow a 3-D model to be projected into an existing space, providing another view of a line. Static or dynamic modeling shows interferences and obstructions and helps avoid these problems at the beginning of a project (bottom right). Another way visualization can be used in the design phase is highlighting dynamics of product movement under different constraints. Simulation enables the user to set up many parameters of line operation – machine and conveyor speeds, conveyor lengths, device locations, control behavior – and see the system performs under these different settings. Animated simulations often uncover potential line design issues that are difficult or impossible to see when looking at a line layout or a spreadsheet. www.controleng.com

Simulation, time

A recent example that underscores the importance of simulation involved a machine that filled four cartons at once, and then pushed all four cartons out of the machine at the same time. Although the average machine speed was 100 cartons/minute, the actual instantaneous output of the machine was either 0 or 200 cartons/minute. If the conveyor at the discharge of the machine wasn’t running twice as fast as the average speed, the cartons would back up into the machine as they exited, preventing the machine from loading new empty cartons. On paper, the speeds looked correct, but the machine was being blocked. The simulation model identified this problem during the design phase so it could be corrected before installation. Physics-based modeling is a valuable tool when attempting to understand a product’s real-time interactions on a line. Designers can see how products will move on the conveyor and tweak the conveyor design to maintain control of the product. A simulation can demonstrate how products will clump together or jam in a chute or accumulation table. A simulation example shows how a buffer for frozen dough balls would be used. Previously, this would be done with educated guesswork and perhaps a computer-aided design (CAD) layout. However,

A proposed buffer in the line shows level of accumulation. All images courtesy: Dennis Group

Simulation can provide detailed visualization of a line in an existing production facility. CONTROL ENGINEEERING

April 2019

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ANSWERS

SIMULATION MODELING

Simulation model and PLC tag interactions help identify and address issues earlier in the design process, saving time and money.

the dynamics of dough rolling around on the conveyor belt is hard to predict or visualize accurately. Physics modeling is demanding on computer hardware. Targeted models can be created. Lessons learned from the smaller models can be applied to larger models.

Equipment choice can cut costs

Even with the best-designed line, machine downtimes are inevitable. The impact of random variable downtimes can be very difficult to predict. Manufacturers may be hesitant to build in buffers and accumulation, believing they hide problems or encourage unmotivated operators. Some buffers minimally impact performance due to the machines’ arrangement, resulting in unnecessary capital expense. A simulation can model scenarios and consider normal running conditions to determine optimal number, location, and capacity of buffers to improve KEYWORDS: Simulation line performance and avoid unnecessary modeling, project management expense (prior page, top right). Simulation modeling enables Another important factor simulation the project team to visualize a can help with is how to control the line. production line during design. Early in the design process, when no proSimulation modeling helps users see possible outcomes grammable logic controller (PLC) exists, impossible to see on a the model allows the design team to conspreadsheet. sider the controls. Placement of photo eyes Simulation modeling helps and other sensors can be tested and optiremove risks and produce mized before equipment is purchased. successful outcomes. Perhaps the most critical time to use GO ONLINE simulation is when the PLC program is Read this article online at ready to be tested. Some modeling software www.controleng.com for more can be connected to a PLC. The model stories about simulation modeling and its benefits on the plant floor. signals to the PLC from simulated sensors and responds to the PLC signals to its CONSIDER THIS simulated motors. Controls engineers can What applications in your facility debug controls with a realistic, responsive would benefit the most from a simulation model? system, rather than tracing through code

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CONTROL ENGINEERING

Physics modeling for frozen dough balls puts key product characteristics into the model.

manually or attempting to use the human-machine interface (HMI) to visualize performance. Sensor placement can be fine-tuned in the model to within a few inches of optimal real-world placement. The HMI program can be tested alongside the PLC using the model, and since the model is being controlled by the PLC, buttons pressed in the HMI will mimic real-time production scenarios. Line commissioning start-up times, therefore, are greatly reduced using the simulation model (top left). The process of connecting a simulation model to a PLC benefits training. A new PLC or HMI programmer can identify mistakes, test new ideas, and build confidence in a low-risk environment prior to live production. Line operators can practice running the line and learn new PLC programs prior to installation.

Discover difficulties earlier

Simulation has other indirect benefits. Drawing on background knowledge of line dynamics, a modeling programmer may ask questions early in the design process that normally would not be addressed until later in development. Schedule adherence is another benefit. Too often, the line has been designed and installed, but constraints result in start-up and commissioning activities prior to PLC program completion. If the model is tested before it goes to the factory floor, it helps validate the program more quickly. Simulation has limits. The model’s output is only as good as its inputs or assumptions. Simulation won’t predict poor operator habits, bad materials, or condensation build-up. It’s important to revisit and adjust the model to ensure it reflects behaviors and constraints. ce

Christy Starner is director of simulation and modeling, Dennis Group. Edited by Chris Vavra, production editor, Control Engineering, cvavra@cfemedia.com. www.controleng.com

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ANSWERS

SIMULATION

Gary Pratt, ControlSphere LLC

Using IEC 61131-3 programming languages for simulation See five paybacks of simulation. Use IEC 61131-3 programming languages and modern programming tools to easily integrate simulation to development workflow.

o simulate, or not to simulate: that is the question. Tis nobler (or at least more efficient) to spend the time to create simulation models and test the design prior to deployment, or to spend the time testing the design during deployment? While I can’t speak for Shakespeare, I can say in my nearly 40-year career “tis” always been more efficient to perfect the design prior to deployment. I have successfully applied simulation to applications including many different types of industrial controls (IC) systems, electronic printed circuit board (PCB) design, and field programmable gate array (FPGA) design.

Five paybacks from simulation

Simulation pays for itself many times over due to: 1. The insight simulation models provide, which can’t be measured or observed in the actual plant or equipment 2. The ability to determine the merits of alternate approaches and choose the option with the lowest overall cost or the best overall performance 3. The ability to test emergency and unusual conditions, which are impossible or dangerous to do with the real equipment 4. The high level of confidence in the design, which provides the corresponding confidence that any issues encountered during commissioning must be in the plant or equipment. 5. The ability to perfect the control in parallel to the construction of the plant or equipment (and avoid the inevitable pressure from the anxious project manager looking for those who reside at the end of the critical path to make up for delays earlier in the project).

This return on investment (ROI) becomes even greater with modern development and simulation environments, which include object-oriented industrial programming (OOIP) techniques to accelerate www.controleng.com

Figure 1: Control design can be implemented in Codesys CFC. Images courtesy: ControlSphere LLC

development, and advanced debugging features that accelerate the time-to-insight. A previously posted article describes OOIP techniques.

Strong simulation elements

The characteristics of a good IC simulation environment look very similar to a good IC development environment: • Versatile and powerful programming languages • Full featured language editors • Full suite of debugging tools including code and data breakpoints; single-stepping, stepin, step-out, etc.; live mode (to show instantaneous variable values, not just end of cycle values); write and force variables and move the execution point; and virtual digital oscilloscope, which samples at the controller cycle time • Built-in human-machine interface (HMI) for creating test control panels • A complete controller runtime, which runs as a service on the development computer • Support for OOIP.

Creating the simulation code in such an environment is as easy as creating the original code, and it can run as a software-based programmable logic controller (PLC), which is the same fullfeatured runtime that industrial controller OEMs CONTROL ENGINEEERING

M More ANSWERS

KEYWORDS: Simulation, control programming Creating simulations by using control programming can save time. Most industrial processes can be simulated. Programming and processes can be tested in the design stage. CONSIDER THIS How much time could be saved by optimizing processes earlier in design by using simulation?

ONLINE Link to an online article with much more information on OOIP. If reading from the digital edition, click on the headline for more figures. www.controleng.com/ magazine Search simulation www.controleng.com/NP4E

April 2019

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SIMULATION

deploy on their hardware. This runtime is installed as a Microsoft Windows service independent of the development environment. The control code created and compiled in the integrated development environment (IDE) and deployed to this runtime the same way it is to a PLC or distributed control system (DCS).

Example reactor tank

Consider the example of a simple reactor tank with a variable speed outlet pump to maintain fluid

Figure 2: Tank Simulator (TANK_SIM): the tank integrates the difference between the input flow and the output flow and limits the integration to tank full or tank empty.

Figure 3: A testbench can be implemented in Codesys SFC with ST entry and active actions.

at a preset level (regardless of the inlet flow rate). The concepts can be extrapolated to larger systems and in other industries. The first step is to design the control system. Using OOIP techniques, instantiate four objects from the plant object library: an analog input for the tank level, a subtraction for the setpoint, a proportional-integral-derivative (PID) loop for the control, and a variable frequency drive (VFD) for the pump motor, as shown in Figure 1 (p. 17). With OOIP techniques, all the remaining functionality is encapsulated within these objects, such as the scaling and alarming for the analog input, and fieldbus communications for the VFD. In this example, the plant has a tank that takes 10 seconds to fill at 100% flow rate, which equates to a pole at 0.0 Hz with a gain of 1/(10*2πf). For a loop bandwidth of 1.0 Hz, apply a proportional gain of 10*2π as shown in Figure 1. This provides a phase margin of nearly 90 degrees and a high level of stability. The next step is to design the plant simulator. The form of the simulator program mirrors the control, with a VFD input, a tank model, and an analog output object, which are all from the simulation object library. Again, each object encapsulates all the functionality necessary to carry out the function of the object. For instance, the tank integrates the difference between the input flow and the output flow and limits the integration to tank full or tank empty as shown in Figure 2. The tank model is an example of how simple it is to build simulation objects and by extension the simplicity of adding simulation to a workflow. In the example, configuration inputs and the I/O mapping in the control and simulation programs are hard-coded. In a larger OOIP design this would be configured from a central SQL server or CSV file so the design could be reused. (Online article provides more direction.) Notice the simulator inputs are mapped to the control outputs and the simulator outputs are mapped to the control inputs. The physical I/O is mapped in the same way using the same full-path names (that is, Control.OutletPump.Speed_FO).

Virtual testbench

Figure 4: Creating a task list is part of a simulation project.

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CONTROL ENGINEERING

The next step is to create the testbench. Just like the physical bench from which the name was coined, the virtual testbench provides all the inputs the system needs including: upstream process inputs, operator inputs, and configuration inputs. These process inputs could be generated from an HMI screen for a manual test or from a program for an automated test. Likewise, the HMI inputs could be programmatically generated for an automated test or could be generated from the actual HMI www.controleng.com

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ANSWERS

SIMULATION

screens (in which case the simulation system could double as a plant operator training tool). This example generates the stimulus programmatically with a sequential function chart (SFC) program, which first performs a step response, followed by a steady state as shown in Figure 3 (p.18). This SFC also provides the option to perform a Bode loop analysis to find the poles and zeros of the control loop.

‘

A Bode loop analyzer measures the poles and zeros of the control loop as well as

’

the gain and phase margin.

Figure 5: A first order control loop Bode analysis find the poles and zeros of the control loop.

Figure 6: A steady state and dynamic response is shown in Codesys Trace.

Figure 7: The Bode loop analyzer shows a second order control loop.

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The testbench also could include programmatic measurement and analysis to create an automated test bench. An automated test bench allows the system to be verified under multiple scenarios and allows the system to test itself after any future modifications. This is particularly true for future modifications made by engineers who are not as familiar with the original system design. The next step is to place these objects into tasks as shown in Figure 4 (p. 18). The control is assigned to its normal task, in this case with a 20 milliseconds (ms) cycle time. Since the simulator and testbench need to mimic the plant and plant operator, which both run in real-time, the simulator task is assigned a cycle time that is much faster than the control task. To avoid any possible synchronization issues that could mask potential control problems, the simulator task also is assigned a non-integer submultiple rate of the control task (3 ms). The last step is to download and run the program on the built-in software-based PLC. Just as in a physical testbench, various measurement equipment is used to verify the system’s proper operation. One such virtual instrument is a Bode loop analyzer, which measures the poles and zeros of the control loop as well as the gain and phase margin. This instrument is inserted into the loop as shown in Figure 7. This can be used to test various control scenarios during simulation as well as to verify and tweak the control loops in the actual factory or plant. The results of this analysis show a crossover frequency of 1.0 Hz and a phase margin of 82 degrees as shown in Figure 5. Another useful test instrument is a virtual oscilloscope, which shows the step and dynamic responses of the reactor system as shown in Figure 6. It should be noted this oscilloscope runs on the target hardware so it is guaranteed to capture a sample on every cycle, even at microsecond cycle times. www.controleng.com

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ANSWERS

SIMULATION

If this first order control loop performance did not meet the system requirements, it’s possible to enhance the PID with a pole at 0.0 Hz and a zero at 1.0 Hz to improve the accuracy at the cost of stability (which requires mitigation) as shown in Figure 7. This second order system now provides much higher loop

gain and a phase margin of 37 degrees; and delivers a much better steady-state dynamic response shown in Figure 8.

Process, batch, discrete

In addition to continuous process, these techniques can be applied to batch and discrete processes, as well as mobile,

Figure 8: Second order control loop steady state and dynamic response may provide a higher loop gain.

embedded, or any other industrial automation. Simulation models have been created for conveyors, bottlers, dry ingredient augers, systems of pipes and valves, and numerous other applications. Just about any industrial process can be sufficiently modeled to allow for simulation. This simple example demonstrated the insight that can be gained with simulation, the tradeoffs that can be measured and chosen with simulation, the confidence gained by simulation, and the valuable progress simulation can accomplish before the actual hardware becomes available. These techniques can be applied to nearly any industrial application and scaled to systems of any arbitrary size or complexity. As Shakespeare would say: “To do a great right do a little wrong.” He would have approved of using simulation to further that goal. ce Gary L. Pratt, P.E., is president of ControlSphere LLC. Edited by Mark T. Hoske, content manager, Control Engineering, CFE Media, mhoske@cfemedia.com.

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ANSWERS

SIMULATION

Frank Lamb, Automation Consulting

How simulation helps automation and controls The controls often must be programmed for automated machinery and systems before hardware exists, but controls engineers can use simulations to test syntax, proper tag linking and addressing, and code functionality.

hen building automated machinery and systems, a controls program often must be written long before there is hardware to test it on. Controls engineers use various kind of simulation to test syntax, proper tag linking and addressing, and functionality of the code. If the programmer is working with other engineers, they often will use a shared spreadsheet for program tag names and addresses. As long as the spreadsheet is kept up to date when changes are made, multiple programmers can coordinate.

Error testing

Programmable logic controller (PLC) and other programming software have utilities that check the program for syntax errors; if illegal operations are performed, the software should catch them. Unfortunately, there are many programming errors that aren’t syntax- or format-related. For instance, operators might put illegal numbers into data registers via an HMI, causing overflows or access data registers

Figure 1: Output control with a permissive is shown in this output PLC logic, typical for an actuator. Various addresses need to be in the correct state for the Z_Axis_Lower_SV output to energize. These can be manipulated by the programmer, or in the case of the HMI pushbutton, it can link to an HMI program running on the computer and be pressed. Images courtesy: Automation Consulting

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that don’t exist. Data entry values need to be limited or protected either in the controller or in the operator interface. Most human-machine interface (HMI) software has a method of linking an application to a PLC program before downloading it to hardware. This allows tag addressing to be checked and catches typographical and formatting errors. PLC software usually has simulation packages that will run code without a real PLC. When this is used, there are no physical inputs and outputs connected, so virtual addresses need to be substituted for real ones. “Aliasing” (linking) tags to other addresses is possible on some platforms, or routines also can be written that map one address to another. These routines can be disabled or deleted when simulation is complete. Even when this is done, it is difficult to make simulated input/output (I/O) values react like real devices by toggling bits and changing numbers by hand. Because of this, simulation routines are often written to provide feedback like “real” I/O.

Machine vision simulators

Machine vision has had software simulators that process saved images without a physical camera for a long time. Programmers can use this to set up tools sensors before implementing the system. Images should be captured under a variety of lighting conditions and in various positions. Companies make software simulation modules that run on a computer to simulate actual objects, but most are only for material handling. For complex assembly operations, there are too many possible combinations of tooling and actuators to make this feasible. Solid modeling software does allow objects to be moved, but there is no method of linking the objects to controls software. The following logic shows an example of how an address mapped to a memory bit can be used to simulate the movement of an actuator and resulting sensor activation. The output PLC logic in figure 1 is typical for an actuator. There are various addresses that need to be in the correct state for the Z_Axis_Lower_SV output www.controleng.com

to energize. These can be manipulated by the programmer, or with the HMI pushbutton, it can link to an HMI program running on the programming computer and can be pressed. When the output is activated, it is linked to a tag named “Digital_OutputCard_Pt.3,” which can drive the simulation code in Figure 2. The timer can then be used to latch (set) a bit simulating a sensor. The sensor in turn provides feedback to step through a sequence of movements. By turning off the “Sim Output Enable” bit, a fault condition can be tested. Faults usually consist of timing an output condition and looking for the corresponding input. It can be as complicated to write a simulation routine as it is to write the original program, so this is not often done in real machine building applications. This is useful in showing programmers how a sequence operates, as indicators and objects on an HMI react to simulated I/O. Another method of simulation is to build small models representing a machine with sensors and actuators (such as a conveyor and pneumatic pushers). The simulator might sort colored blocks into bins. Simulation can be an important tool in the arsenal of an automation professional, but it is no substitute for the debug process on actual machinery. ce

Figure 2: In this timer simulation, when the output is activated, it is linked to a tag named “Digital_OutputCard_Pt.3” which can drive the simulation code.

Frank Lamb is founder, owner, and manufacturing and automation business consultant at Automation Consulting LLC. Lamb is a Control Engineering Editorial Advisory Board member and Automation Consulting is a Control Engineering content partner. Edited by Mark T. Hoske, content manager, Control Engineering, CFE Media, mhoske@cfemedia.com.

M More ANSWERS

KEYWORDS: Software simulator, PLC, error testing Automation programming can simulate machine functions resulting in better code. Writing a simulation can be as complicated as writing the original program. Simulation code can show sequences running. CONSIDER THIS How will you improve control code?

ONLINE If reading from the digital edition, click on the headline to see other articles from Frank Lamb. www.controleng.com/magazine

April 2019

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ANSWERS

SOFTWARE SIMULATION John Kowal, B&R Automation

Plug and model simulation tools for automation software Simulation, modeling, and virtual commissioning are becoming easier to apply on different levels in automation. Interfaces to third-party simulation tools may be built into development software.

he process of commissioning a machine can be accelerated and streamlined with virtual commissioning. It minimizes risk and ensures project deadlines and quality targets are met. The underlying simulation capabilities provide a digital twin required for emerging Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) architectures. The scope and level of detail needed for the simulation are defined during the requirements phase. While modeling certain machine parts is enough in some cases, a full machine model sometimes is required. This model also might include infrastructure and material transport. Using the model, it is possible to generate automatically an entire program or individual function block in C, C++, or any IEC 61131-3 programming language. This ensures reusability and flexibility throughout hardware-in-the-loop (HiL) testing, rapid prototyping, and serial machine production. The model is tested by simulating a variety of defined scenarios. The model can be refined continually as components are sized through testing and verification is supported by diagnostic tools and 3-D graphics. Testing performed during virtual commissioning can range from simple logical sequences to complex, critical scenarios to ensure the overall efficiency and quality of the machine’s hardware and software. A simulation concept is developed to meet the defined requirements, and it determines which simulation tools will be used. Automation suppliers offer an array of tools for different types of simulation, including automated code generation, machine simulation, electrical drawings, and fieldbus and OPC communications. The generated code should be able to be integrated seamlessly into the supplier’s hardware and software portfolio. The virtual model can be used to perform every aspect of software development from function testing to virtual commissioning.

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Functional mock-up interface (FMI) is an independent industry standard and enables models to be exchanged and simulated using various development tools. Plug and model is the principle behind the FMI. Some automation suppliers offer a mechanism for importing functional mock-up units (FMUs) in accordance with the FMI 2.0 standard. FMUs are integrated seamlessly as function blocks in some automation software suites.

Track system simulation

More machine components are entering the marketplace as modules from automation suppliers. That includes an integrated digital twin capability to simulate operation and performance before committing to the actual hardware, and before reconfiguration of installed systems as required in IIoT architecture. When developing automated assembly and production machinery, for example, it’s important to optimize the number and configuration of shuttles

Through an iterative process of testing and verification supported by diagnostic tools and 3-D graphics, the model is refined continually as components are sized. All images courtesy: B&R Automation CONTROL ENGINEEERING

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SOFTWARE SIMULATION

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A 3-D visualization of the development environment allows the user to fine-tune processes in simulation mode before commissioning.

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and diverters and ensure shuttles do not collide, cross virtual barriers, or violate configurable speed limits. Generally, fewer shuttles may be required than first anticipated, as non-sequential track systems are more efficient than conventional conveyor systems. FDA-compliant track and trace also benefits from software that links the product data with the respective shuttles and thus makes the manufacturing process traceable.

Process-oriented programming

Simulation begins with an application created using process-oriented programming provided as part of the machine module development package. A software engineer defines rules for how the shuttles should behave on the track. The rules become active when shuttles pass virtual trigger points. This makes implementation of motion sequences more efficient and reduces the amount of programming required for individual shuttles.

Simulation, efficient operations

With the integrated simulation options, a developer can run tests to identify the optimum number and speed of shuttles to maximize productivity. The simulation and real plant use the same software. This makes it possible to switch between simulation and real operation at any time. How the shuttles interact with additional mechanical elements such as robots can be visualized in such a system.

Typical capabilities

In such systems, the visualization tool typically displays a 3-D simulation of all movements, as well as subsystems such as robotics and computer

numerical control (CNC) axes synchronized to the system. Machine builders and operators can accelerate the commissioning process by validating their designs and sequential programming in advance.

3-D simulation, machine code

When simulations are based on real machine code, no additional software or interfaces are required. This also makes it easy to test, modify, and finalize code in the same software development environment. A 3-D visualization of the development environment allows the user to fine-tune processes in simulation mode before commissioning. With a few clicks of a mouse, the optimized machine code is then transferred to a target control hardware. At runtime, the visualization tool processes sensor signals to display machine movements on the human-machine interface (HMI) screen in real time. Also, 3-D visualization can be used to monitor process manufacturing processes.

Integration, simulation help

As controls hardware and software merges with electromechanical systems in a modular format, simulation capability also becomes the responsibility of a system supplier. The supplier should provide an integrated functionality that does not require a thirdparty simulation package. It also should be accessible through normal programming environments. With manufacturing becoming faster and more flexible, simulation’s role is becoming increasingly important. The capability to select the correct configuration of modules and shuttles and adapt to various production scenarios on an ongoing basis is crucial. ce

John Kowal is director, business development, B&R Industrial Automation. Edited by Chris Vavra, production editor, Control Engineering, CFE Media, cvavra@cfemedia.com.

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KEYWORDS: Simulation, automation software,

visualization Virtual commissioning accelerates and streamlines commissioning machines and helps meet project deadlines. Plug and model is the principle behind the functional mock-up interface (FMI). As production lines become faster and more flexible, simulation will become more important.

GO ONLINE Read this article at www.controleng.com for additional links to stories about virtualization and simulation.

The same system software is used in the simulation and the real plant, which makes it possible to switch between simulation and real operation at any time.

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CONTROL ENGINEERING

CONSIDER THIS What benefits could a simulation model provide to your manufacturing facility? www.controleng.com

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ANSWERS

MOTOR UPGRADES Matt Prellwitz, Beckhoff Automation

Efficient motion system engineering reduces motor costs Configuration using PC-based control software, EtherCAT networks, integrated drives, and one-cable technology (OCT) simplify motion control system design and reduce servomotor costs.

electing and installing an optimal servomotor, whether it’s a retrofit or for a new application, is rarely a simple task. Any upgrade often requires adjustments in the drive, gearbox, encoder, and any other components that make contact with the motor. Individually programming and configuring each servo drive also increases commissioning time and unnecessary costs. New servo technologies have simplified these processes and have unlocked the potential advantages synchronous servo motion controls provide. In addition to supporting configuration via PC-based control software, new servo systems offer key features such as servomotors with directly integrated drives, one-cable connections, and onboard safety functions. Greater simplicity and flexibility in motion system design have reduced the acquisition cost of servomotors, which makes them a competitive option for motion architectures.

Setup, flexibility

With PC-based automation software and EtherCAT industrial Ethernet capabilities, it is possible to configure multiple servomotors through simple engineering processes. This kind of software is used to scan and configure the drives, which eliminates the

The integrated motion sizing tools in some vendors’ automation software assist in the selection and installation of components in a graphical interface. Images courtesy: Beckhoff Automation

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need to run a cable from a laptop to each individual drive to configure it. EtherCAT-enabled networks provide the high bandwidth and performance needed for drive configuration. Even special software for this purpose, which is often vendor-specific, can be used through the EtherCAT fieldbus. The only information engineers must manually input is the mechanical distance of one motor rotation. For example, a vertical fill/form/seal packaging machine has multiple axes of motion that runs bags for breakfast cereals. In the past, if original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) decided to switch motor types or if end users found existing motors were nearing end of life, they would first need to consider the motor’s mechanical constraints and other components that would need to be replaced. The selected motors traditionally needed individual configuration to handle bags with precision and repeatability at high speeds. If the end user manufacturer, for example, needed to change the position profile to produce a run of taller bags, the engineer would have to reprogram each axis point to point, and then reprogram the axes again when changing over to the original product. The same configuration and reconfiguration can be completed in mere minutes using the described EtherCAT and PC-based software solution, which leverages servomotors’ variable speed and positioning. The automation software also configures separate encoders as easily as the servomotors if secondary feedback is required. EtherCAT provides motors, drives, and input/output (I/O) systems with the ability to send diagnostics in real time. The measurement capabilities in some software platforms provide accurate data on point position, velocity and torque to monitor and maximize performance. The best options for this application reduce confusion through a streamlined motion engineering environment. It is important to look for software that can perform motion system configuration as well as operwww.controleng.com

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Increased flexibility and configuration software help engineers use servomotors without

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disrupting budgets.

ate the programmable logic controller (PLC), humanmachine interface (HMI), and all other machine control aspects on the same platform. This eliminates the need for software used only for servo systems. Some vendors’ software offerings also include integrated motion-sizing tools, which aid in selecting and installing components through a graphical interface. These software offerings are beneficial for servomotors and for other components that are difficult to integrate such as pinion racks, conveyors or crank arms.

One-cable technology (OCT) can support servomotors of all sizes, from low-wattage options connected to compact drives in an I/O terminal form factor up to large F7-flange motors that require large drives. Some servomotors with integrated drives support distributed servo systems and one-cable technology (OCT) solutions, which provide power and communication in one cable.

New servomotor functions

Increased flexibility allows engineers to implement servomotors without disrupting equipment budgets. Reduced programming time also decreases labor costs, making the total price to implement these technologies closer to stepper motors. This is fortunate because cost concerns have slowed servomotor adoption at some factories despite the potential synchronous motion control they can provide and recent servo technology advances. Synchronous motors offer greater precision through closed-loop control. Servomotors send feedback that allows the drives to track their position without a separate encoder. They also use less energy than similarly-sized stepper motors while providing torque at higher speeds. Servos also have internal windings that dissipate heat more efficiently. New functionality, such as motors with integrated drives, safety technology and one-cable technology (OCT), enhance potential servomotor benefits. Servomotors with integrated drives help create effective distributed servo systems. Combining a servo drive and servomotor in one device saves space in the control cabinet and can create additional cost savings. Integrated safe torque off (STO) and SS1 motion safety functions, among others, lead to additional cost savings by reducing the need for separate I/O terminals or other hardware for these tasks. While servomotor flexibility has increased, the size of some of the motors has not. By integrating the amplifier at the rear of the housing, motors can keep the same flange size while maintaining similar dimensions, with a minor increase in length. This reduces the machine footprint in new designs and eliminates costly mechanical changes for retrofits. OCT combines power and feedback in one cable, which reduces cabling efforts and potential points of failure by 50

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percent and supports all motor sizes and types. With one-cable automation solutions, distributed servo systems further enhance enclosure-free motion control architectures through the use of IP65-rated distribution boxes. This supports applications that need to operate multiple axes of motion in modular machine designs. One cable runs between the remaining control cabinet and the distribution box, which connects multiple servomotors with integrated drives as well as additional distribution boxes if additional axes are necessary. The multiple connector types create a plug-and-play solution when combined with intuitive configuration over PC-based control software and EtherCAT. Servomotors with integrated drives benefit retrofits and new applications and KEYWORDS: Servomotors, motion provide decreased commissioning times Selecting and installing an optimal servomotor is rarely a simple task. when paired with EtherCAT and PC conPC-based automation software and trol. Those benefits continue to become industrial Ethernet make it possible more cost-effective and easier to impleto configure multiple servomotors ment than traditional control systems. through simple engineering processes. Closed-loop control benefits, advances in Servomotors with integrated drives synchronous motor technology, and the benefit retrofits and new designs. overall easier configuration combine to ONLINE: make servomotors ideal for rotary motion Read this at www.controleng.com requirements. ce and more articles from the author and

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Matt Prellwitz, drive technology application specialist, Beckhoff Automation. Edited by Chris Vavra, production editor, Control Engineering, CFE Media, cvavra@cfemedia.com.

additional stories about servomotors. Find servomotors here: www.controleng.com/NP4E.

CONSIDER THIS Which applications in your plant would benefit most from servomotors?

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Simpler SySTem inTegraTion John Loose, Cross Co.

How to evaluate a system integrator for a project There are many aspects to consider when evaluating a system integrator for a project, and taking the time to ask important questions up front allows a company to reap long-term benefits.

valuating a systems integrator for upcoming projects is an important part of the project process and the decision typically affects more than one project. If the initial project is a success, this could end up being the start to a relationship that lasts over a number of projects and multiple years. Making the first project a success, however, requires many steps from the integrator and the company looking to hire one.

Creating a documentation system

A well-established documentation system is key to any project’s success. Any systems integrator should be able to describe its documentation system. A systems integrator also should have a team of wellKeywords: System trained and versatile engineers who can integration, project support the system. A systems integramanagement tor’s résumé can provide the customer a Evaluating a systems integrator deeper understanding of experience and before starting a project is a major undertaking and many expertise.

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questions need to be addressed. Companies should learn about a system integrator’s expertise and what specific industries it has worked in. System integrators usually have expertise and knowledge about multiple vendors.

Go online Read this article online at www.controleng.com for additional advice about system integration projects and visit the Global System Integrator Database on the Control Engineering homepage under the “System Integrators” tab.

Consider this What is the biggest priority you have when choosing a systems integrator for a project?

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April 2019

Evaluate previous integrator projects

Examining a system integrator’s previous projects is useful. Ideally, the company hiring the integrator would like to have these projects fall within the same industry, but it is not necessarily a requirement. There are two types of processes: continuous and batch. In many ways, batch operations are similar to one another and programming is straightforward. The differences come down to features and special functions, which can range from simple to complex. Customization also can vary. Focusing on these key points are essential for determining a systems integrator for the next project.

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When to bring in a systems integrator

In any project, it is best to get all parties involved as early as possible, though a systems integrator does not need to be a part of building design. However, getting the systems integrator involved when the discussion of piping and instrument diagram (P&ID) begins is a good idea. This gives the integrator the ability to review the P&IDs, estimate an input/output (I/O) list and gain an understanding of the process. Another key point is reviewing the tag-names of the devices. This may sound insigniﬁcant, but naming conventions, even if already established, tend to have deviations.

Benefits of a systems integrator

A good systems integrator will be able to provide these benefits for a project: • Help design the control system from the ground up • Design and build panels • Provide guidance on a control system platform • Create and review P&IDs • Provide onsite support or mobilize an engineering services group that can provide help with systems • Provide a knowledgeable sales staff • Add an emergency service in the event of worst-case scenarios.

The cost of a system integrator

Hiring a systems integrator may cost more up front compared to vendor services or in-house personnel, but the beneﬁt of a systems integrator is access to a much larger knowledge base that can resolve a majority of potentially control system problems. Most systems integrators also have support contracts with their major suppliers that allow them to have priority over many others calling in for support. With access to a systems integrator and www.controleng.com

Shown are outdoor tanks and piping for Angelâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Envy Distillery, Louisville, Ky. Courtesy: Mark T. Hoske, CFE Media, Control Engineering

its team, companies will have an easier time maintaining a schedule and sticking to deadlines. Documentation often is overlooked when using vendor services or in-house personnel. One of the major beneďŹ ts of using a systems integrator is the company is forced to document the facilityâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s process and control system. These documents are given to the end user at the end of commissioning. Using a systems integrator allows in-house personnel to stay focused on tasks within the project.

Evaluating different control systems Evaluating different control systems is a difficult task that requires extensive knowledge of the process and operations. Getting feedback from the operations department and operators that work the day to day is recommended. The majority of control systems provide the same basic functions, but they differ in their special features and complicated task functions. Questions to consider include: t "N * SVOOJOH B DPOUJOVPVT PS CBUDI operation? t )PX NVDI JOUFSGBDJOH EP NZ FNQMPZFFT PS * XBOU UP IBWF XJUI UIF QSPHSBNNJOH BGUFS the conclusion of the project? t %P * OFFE SFEVOEBODZ t 8IBU DPNNVOJDBUJPO EP * OFFE t %P * IBWF BOZ DVTUPNJ[BUJPO JO NZ DVSSFOU DPOUSPM TZTUFN %P * XBOU OFFE DVTUPNJ[BUJPO t 8IBU IJTUPSJDBM EBUB EP * XBOU UP SFUBJO and for how long? "OPUIFS EFUFSNJOJOH QPJOU JT UIF FYJTUJOH DPOtrol system. More questions to consider include: t *T UIJT B MFHBDZ TZTUFN BOE JG TP EPFT UIF DPNQBOZ TUJMM FYJTU *T UIFSF DVSSFOU TVQQPSU for the system? t %P * XBOU UP VQHSBEF UIF DPOUSPM TZTUFN *T there an upgrade path for this system? t *T TUBSUJOH XJUI B DPNQMFUFMZ EJGGFSFOU TZTUFN the only option if no upgrade path is availBCMF 8IBU GFBUVSFT EP * XBOU UP SFUBJO GSPN my existing control system? t *T NZ DVSSFOU TZTUFN SFEVOEBOU www.controleng.com

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A system integrator also should have a team of well-trained and versatile engineers who can support

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the system.

System integrator vs. vendor services

)BWJOH B MPDBM TZTUFN JOUFHSBUPS JT B MVYVSZ NPTU GBDJMJUJFT EP OPU IBWF 8IFO QMBOOJOH BOZ expansion or building a new facility in a different city, locating the nearest systems integrator is a good idea. Being able to have expertise within such a DMPTF SBOHF DBO MPXFS PCWJPVT DPTUT *U T BMTP DSVDJBM GPS FNFSHFODZ TFSWJDFT *G DSJUJDBM JTTVFT BSJTF that need to be addressed and a systems integrator is within a close proximity, this can reduce the amount of downtime and lost production. 8JUI UIF JODSFBTJOH UISFBU PG DZCFS BUUBDLT HBJOing remote access is more cumbersome. There are even limitations to remote access and having a systems integrator onsite same day is a big beneďŹ t. System integrators also have knowledge about NVMUJQMF QMBUGPSNT *G ZPV IBWF B DPNQMJDBUFE TZTtem with multiple platforms, a system integrator often can handle different platforms and troubleshoot more effectively. ce

John Loose is an integration engineer, Cross Co., a CFE Media content partner. This article originally appeared on Cross Co.â&#x20AC;&#x2122;s process control integration blog. Edited by Chris Vavra, production editor, Control Engineering, CFE Media, cvavra@cfemedia.com. CONTROL ENGINEEERING

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Simpler SyStem integrAtion Tyler Whitaker, Leading2Lean

Steps to take for a successful integration project A successful system integration project should have clear goals and solve problems that will benefit companies in the short- and long-term, but not every project applies. See tips for when integration make sense or not.

lear visibility is critical in every facet of our daily lives and is especially so for manufacturing system integration projects. Visibility gives us insight and information we can take action on and sheds light on problems and successes. In hunting, for example, visibility is essential. A simple tool like binoculars can be the difference between meeting an objective or not. Turning the dial on the binoculars brings the view into focus. With a clear field of vision, a hunter can see what they are targeting at longer distances and can be assured they aren’t shooting at the wrong thing, increasing safety and lowering risk. Visibility is also the first element needed in a manufacturing plant to understand what integration opportunities and problems to focus on. Visibility helps in understanding which problems should be solved with system integration and what should not. Operating and making decisions with low visibility on the plant floor is like walking in the woods blindfolded. Limited visibility at many manufacturing plants creates costly consequences in labor, capital, and lost opportunities from unsolved problems.

Evaluate expected benefits

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Keywords: System

integration, project management, ROI Integration when and where it makes sense to resolve specific business needs. A Lean execution system (LES) can help companies track plant floor issues and provide visibility into operations.

Go online Read this story online at www.controleng.com for additonal stories about system integrators and resulting benefits.

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April 2019

Integration can enable the data flow between systems, improve data accuracy, and drive efficiency. It’s important to pause and evaluate expected benefits before sprinting into an integration plan. Manufacturers can fall into the trap of viewing system integration as a one-stop solution to problems. Just because integration is possible does not mean it will unlock more value. Appropriate integration means integrating when and where it makes sense to address specific business needs. It’s critical to pick the right target the first time. Integration makes sense for manufacturers when it: • Adds visibility and data to help solve or prevent known problems

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• Automates the collection of relevant production data, including machine cycles and operational parameters • Triggers an important human task such as signaling material handlers, maintenance, or quality • Brings data together and makes it more accessible • Saves time for a large number of users. Integration does not make sense when it: • Is driven by empty buzzwords • Only saves a few button clicks • Automates infrequent tasks where current manual methods suffice • Moves data to unseen, siloed systems • Further entrenches outdated legacy systems or corporate “system of record” mandates • Means spending dollars to save pennies. Manufacturers don’t have a lot of time and many resources are often limited. They should identify and act on opportunities that will improve their business and provide a clear return on investment. The first step is implementing a Lean execution system (LES) to track plant floor issues and gain visibility into a company’s operations. An LES also can bring clarity and help determine what problems to solve first, and determine where integration is the right solution to those problems. It’s important to have a system that shows what the constraints and abnormalities are in the factory. Understanding this better points users toward the best opportunities to integrate that will make a difference, and when they should be addressed. An LES also can help prioritize opportunities and implement them in the right sequence. ce Tyler Whitaker is chief technology officer and chief operating office of Leading2Lean, a CFE Media content partner. Edited by Chris Vavra, production editor, Control Engineering, CFE Media, cvavra@cfemedia.com. www.controleng.com

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ANSWERS

Simpler SyStem integration Lindsey Kielmeyer, MartinCSI

Ask 11 questions to simplify system integration Being prepared, having project management structures and processes in place, and building trust with the customer are the most reliable ways to simplify the systems integration process. See eight system integration project management tips.

stimating is not the place to start when seeking to simplify the systems integration process. Technology advancements have created tools that help save time by tracking communication, project tasks and status, time management and quality control throughout a project. However, tools will not make up for a project that is failing to reach the desired outcome, going over schedule or exceeding the budget. Beyond a cliché, “Those who fail to plan are planning to fail” are words to live by when estimating a systems integration project. For the integrator, a process must be in place with the singular goal of gaining as much information about the project as possible. Clarity on the front end Keywords: System simplifies every phase of the project lifeintegrators, project cycle to follow. management The first step is identifying the customA successful system integration er’s needs and creating a detailed scope of project requires a great deal of work upfront by the integrator. work before estimating. Do not skimp on Each system integration project this phase; the estimate’s accuracy relies on must be evaluated on its own the integrator’s understanding of the scope. merits. Get to know the customer and identify At the end of the project, have what project success means to them. Most an internal meeting to identify of us know to cover the basics, things like potential lessons for future the overall goal of the project, technology projects. used, equipment needed, schedule and onGo online site support. To get a more complete picRead this article online at ture, go beyond the basics. www.controleng.com and

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additional articles about best practices about system integration projects. Learn more about MartinCSI at the Global System Integrator Database (GSID) at https:// gspplatform.cfemedia.com/si/ home

Consider this What’s the first major question you ask before starting an integration project?

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April 2019

11 questions to ask

The system integrator and customer should start by answering 11 questions together. 1. Why is the customer doing this project? 2. What pain point is being alleviated or what need is being filled by completing the project?

control engineering

3. Does the integrator have all the information (drawings, programs, standards, etc.) needed from the customer? 4. What does the integrator know about the customer’s existing systems? Does the customer have obsolete parts or technology that is no longer supported? 5. Is everyone in agreement on assumptions being made concerning the project? 6. What are all the deliverables the customer expects? 7. How much experience does the customer have with the technology being used? 8. How much training will be required? 9. What quality controls measures are in place and how does the customer want to handle approvals? 10. Does the customer understand your change order procedure and what would constitute a change? 11. What defines overall project acceptance between the system integrator and the customer? Integrators can create an estimate once they have a more complete understanding of the project. The estimate helps integrators better understand the tasks and milestones involved and how long those will take. A more accurate estimate also creates a road map for all to follow. Everyone knows what is expected and the handoff from estimating to engineering is much easier.

System integration: Eight steps

Well-defined and documented project management processes are also crucial to the health of the project. Be sure to consider these eight steps: 1. Project kick-off meeting with the customer 2. Standards for electrical and software design 3. Internal reviews 4. Customer approvals www.controleng.com

‘ Planning is key when estimating a systems integration project. Courtesy: MartinCSI

5. Acceptance testing 6. Final deliverables 7. Customer performance reviews 8. Project closure.

Lindsey Kielmeyer, marketing coordinator, MartinCSI. Edited by Chris Vavra, production editor, Control Engineering, CFE Media, cvavra@cfemedia.com. •

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It used to skew and chatter.

Project management tools that facilitate and track communication, scheduled milestones and tasks, internal reviews and resource allocation can help keep the project on schedule and budget. At the completion of every project, have an internal closure meeting that focuses on identifying the lessons learned in technical and overall management, so they may be applied in future. Ask the customer about what was done well and could be done better next time. The repeat customer is one of the most valuable resources an integrator has. The better an integrator knows the customer’s systems and processes, management, communication preferences, and goals and expectations, the more equipped he or she is to know what will be needed for the next project. Trust is also built with the customer, and they become confident in your ability to handle any issues that may arise throughout the course of a project. There isn’t a magic formula when estimating a project. Each project must be evaluated on its own merits, and the factors highlighted above must be considered. Focusing on the fundamentals of being prepared, having project management structures and processes in place and building trust with the customer is the only reliable way to simplify the systems integration process. Time invested with customers up front is exponentially returned throughout the life of the project. ce

April 2019

Create a detailed scope of work before estimating. Do not skimp on this phase; the estimate’s accuracy relies on the integrator’s understanding of the scope.

Now it runs like a Swiss watch. This press applies up to 3000 tons to form composite automobile panels. Delta’s RMC does multi-axis control of position and pressure to keep every moving part in perfect synchronization.

Look to Delta RMC motion controllers and graphical RMCTools software to make complex motion design easier, smoother, and more precise. Call 1-360-254-8688 or visit deltamotion.com Find case studies like this about Wuxi LANLI Machine Tool Co., Jiangsu, China, and many others. Watch training videos to see how Delta motion can make everything work in perfect, precise harmony.

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1 to 32 axes input #18 at www.controleng.com/information

ANSWERS

SIMPLER SYSTEM INTEGRATION Jonathan Simpson, Siemens Industry Inc.

Three data types companies need to prioritize Not all data is equal and some require greater attention and priority than others. Industrial companies managing networks need to focus on information-based, mission critical and real-time data.

s more industrial companies seek to become end-to-end digital enterprises spanning production, office and remote working domains, a key fact should become clear: networks are the backbones for such ambitions. The data running over networks act as digital threads tying operations together across those domains. However, not all data in these threads are equal. Some data, especially in industrial operations, must be prioritized over others. Otherwise, operational performance and asset availability can be compromised. Worse, costly and potentially lifethreatening production disruptions can occur.

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Some data, especially in industrial operations, must be

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prioritized over others.

These can lead to grave injuries, litigation, regulatory fines, missed commitments and tarnished brand reputations. The repercussions of downtime extend beyond a facility and can affect many people, depending on the application, with potential catastrophes such as widespread power outages. This is why information technology (IT) and operations technology (OT) teams must collaborate to ensure their networks are designed to prioritize certain data over others and provide resiliency and availability to transmit data to where it needs to go. Computer scientists and programmers distinguish data by whether packet payloads carry text, numbers or some sort of multimedia. Depending on context and criticality, each of the three highlighted data types requires specific network prioritization:

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CONTROL ENGINEERING

1. Information-based data. Does the data deliver information within useracceptable latencies of 100 milliseconds (ms) or more? Is the data thread, from source to receiver, available 99.9 percent of the time or better, with no more than eight hours of downtime during a year? This data type typically travels over enterprise IT networks and consists of emails, file retrieval and sharing, database requests and application responses. In most companies, voice-over-IP (VoIP) technology also uses information-based data to provide person-to-person communications and group conferencing. In all these use cases, data packet routing can be “best effort” with packets re-sent as needed to meet quality of service (QoS) specifications. QoS, which is defined by latency, jitter and loss, is managed by network designs using reliable settings and topologies. Typically, if network hiccups occur, users don’t perceive delays in packet delivery. For example, if a file is sent to an office printer and gets held up for a few seconds, most users wouldn’t know it. However, users of voice and conferencing applications will know if VoIP QoS specs are not being met, which is why its data gets prioritized over other informationbased data. Enterprise IT networks are found in office environments, overlaying plant floors, and warehouses. This lets plant personnel as well as their office colleagues or remote workers securely communicate and access information. In some cases, information-based data can be transmitted over external industrial networks set up for specific applications and operating in non-realtime over cellular, wide-area networks, and even satellite networks. One example is a remote lift station pumping wastewater to a municipal treatment plant. Because its data is not time-critical to operations, it can send data to a centralized control server in periodic batch modes at low data transmission rates that consume little bandwidth. www.controleng.com

2. Real-time data.

Does the data deliver operational information, such as counting, condition parameters, and control commands, with minimal latencies, usually less than 20 ms, on a consistent basis without jeopardizing operations? Is the data thread available 99.99 percent of the time, with no more than 48 minutes of downtime during a year? The real-time data distinction is that it supports time-sensitive production operations. For example, cyclically executing process programs need input data updated in real time to issue control commands to components. Robots and roaming automated guided vehicles (AGVs) must also have real-time data to do their jobs effectively along with all networked plant safety systems. Real-time data requires a consistent and predictable, or deterministic, network for continued and uninterrupted production. Additionally, to support the latency needs of real-time data, sometimes in milliseconds, or even microseconds, this data must be prioritized over information-based data. OT networks serve as the backbones of complex, mixed-technology landscapes at the field level, including sensors, programmable logic controllers, relays, actuators, valves, instrumentation and other devices. These components must function with precise, deterministic settings, often in harsh operating conditions. These elements also feed and draw operational data into and from a dynamic, vertical infrastructure consisting of a wide range of data concentrators, signal controllers, edge computers and system-wide control systems. Packet delays can trigger equipment faults, which can lead to unplanned production downtime and added costs. Plants involved in continuous processing, for example, can take hours to come back up to speed and required temperatures. Feedstocks and work-in-progress may have to be scrapped. Cleaning equipment and plumbing may be needed, too. Unplanned shutdowns also can damage sensitive equipment, which may require service, repairs, or replacements, any of which can add time to bringing production back online.

3. Mission-critical data.

Does the data deliver information required in real time to operate equipment and systems without which potential catastrophes could occur? Is the redundancy supporting these digital threads sufficient to provide 24/7/365 availability with virtually no downtime? Mission-critical data supports key infrastructure such as public communication networks, the energy

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Real-time data requires a consistent and predictable, or deterministic, network for continued and uninterrupted

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production.

grid and its constituent utilities, nuclear plants, oil and gas operations, transportation systems and military applications. These applications must operate around the clock, in real- or near-real time and with 99.999 percent uptime or better. Reliability, durability and availability of this data type are of the highest importance, which is why its packets must be given highest priority of all data traveling over a shared network. In addition, these networks must be designed with immediate failover resiliency along with sufficient redundancy to ensure resiliency. This way, chances of equipment faults can be minimized, if not eliminated. For example, protective relays in high-voltage, electric power substations are one of the most crucial devices in the substation environment. Not only does a single relay need to be resilient to the environment, but multiple relays must be able to communicate to one another, process data and operate in real time. These real-time protection schemes are mission-critical, due to the requirement for protection of high-dollar assets, fault detection and power grid recovery as well as other critical operations for the consistent and reliable delivery of electricity to consumers. If companies looking to become digital KEYWORDS: Data acquisition, IT, OT enterprises need one mission for their OT Not all data is equal: some require and IT teams to collaborate on, it would greater priority than others. be this: ensure proper data prioritization Operations technology (OT) and on their networks and determine whethinformation technology (IT) teams need er the data is information-based, real-time to collaborate and determine if the or mission-critical. Doing this will make crucial data is information-based, realtime or mission-critical. giant strides toward safeguarding production assets while maximizing their availGO ONLINE ability and performance. ce Read this article online at

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Jonathan Simpson, industrial networking product marketing manager, Siemens Industry Inc. Edited by Chris Vavra, production editor, Control Engineering, CFE Media, cvavra@cfemedia.com.

www.controleng.com and additional stories about data management and IT/OT collaboration.

CONSIDER THIS What data does your company prioritize most in its operations?

CONTROL ENGINEEERING

April 2019

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ANSWERS

ADVANCED CONTROL Allan Kern, APC Performance LLC

What is rate-predictive control? A new non-PID control algorithm, rate-predictive control (RPC), is adaptive to changes in process gain, which is helpful given the industry’s difficult history of loop tuning, auto-tuning, and model maintenance.

ost people in the process control business accept that the proportional-integral-derivative (PID) algorithm, for all its idiosyncrasies, is unlikely to ever be replaced as industry’s standard for single-loop control. A recently patented invention called rate-predictive control (RPC) compels academic and practical interest from several standpoints. RPC is: • A new and novel control algorithm (not a PID variation) with notable advantages • Adaptive to process gain changes, a landmark development, given industry’s long and difficult history of loop tuning, auto-tuning, model maintenance, and related challenges • Well-suited as a model-less feedback multivariable control algorithm, which is something that remains otherwise lacking today. A follow-up article will discuss multivariable control.

Figure: Rate-predictive control (RPC) uses a pre-set move rate, and tapers the move based on the PV’s predicted (apparent or already manifest) value. The U.S. Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) has hundreds of patents for process control; as of this writing, RPC is the only one with the claim of being inherently adaptive. Courtesy: APC Performance LLC

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How does RPC work?

RPC is simpler and more intuitive than PID. The key to understanding RPC is perceiving its simple mechanism, and not necessarily to plumb its math. However, its math is simpler than PID or modelbased control. The graphic illustrates how RPC works. At time zero, the setpoint is increased by 10 percent. In response, RPC begins increasing the output at a preset move rate (1 percent per second, in this example). During each controller execution, RPC calculates the ongoing process variable (PV) rate-of-change and predicted future value. As the predicted value reaches the setpoint, the moves are tapered and halted so the PV ultimately settles exactly on target based on first-order process dynamics. RPC prediction time is a tuning parameter set in a manner similar to PID integral time (or Lambda) and is often equal to or somewhat longer than the actual 63 percent process time constant (T63) to provide a smooth and reliable approach to setpoint with little or no overshoot or oscillation. The pre-set move rate is selected based on experience and safe operating practice and can be thought of as a process speed limit or safe driving habit, although RPC is not limited to one speed. The move rate can be dynamically adjusted to meet various control performance criteria. For example, a move rate multiplier can be applied when constraint limits are exceeded, and the move rate is dynamically adjusted within the RPC taper band. As the prediction approaches the setpoint, the degree of rounding in the output trend is a function of the RPC taper band. The taper band serves to reduce the move rate as the predicted value approaches the setpoint, so that the move rate goes to zero as the error goes to zero. This is analogous to how an operator, when controlling in manual mode, would reduce step size as the setpoint is approached. The RPC taper band results in reliable control behavior in the face of real-life nonidealities such as variance in process response, deadtime, inverse response, etc. RPC is affected by deadtime in essentially the same way as PID and to the same extent, so deadwww.controleng.com

time dominant loops (deadtime >> T63) remain a special challenge. However, RPC dynamic deadtime control is a novel technique that can improve control of deadtime dominant control loops. It can be seen intuitively that the RPC mechanism is inherently adaptive to changes in process gain. For example, if process gain becomes larger, the process response will be larger, the prediction vectors will extend farther, and moves will be tapered and halted correspondingly sooner so the PV settles right on target. By the same reasoning, RPC is inherently adaptive to changes in the pre-set move rate, so that it can be manually tuned at will or dynamically adjusted to meet various high-performance criteria. Several process control advantages in RPC are worth noting. RPC is inherently adaptive to changes in process gain. This is significant for an industry where the terms tuning, retuning and detuning have found roughly equal usage. Auto-tuning has come up far short of industry’s hopes and expectations. A model-based control has become perhaps best known for its high model-maintenance. These rocky experiences collectively stem from the same root cause – frequently and dynamically changing process gains that can benefit from an inherently adaptive method. RPC also is inherently adaptive to changes in the move rate, which means the move rate can be manually tuned at will for desired loop performance, or dynamically adjusted, using built-in ancillary RPC features to achieve various high-performance criteria. RPC is more responsive to incipient error and more stable as the PV returns to setpoint because it uses the predicted (apparent or already manifest) value of the PV and not just the current value. For example, a conventional PID controller might see a small incipient error whereas RPC might see a larger error and make a much larger move sooner by taking the PV rate-of-change and predicted value into account. For the same reason, RPC is more stable and reliable as the PV returns to setpoint with little or no unwanted overshoot or oscillation. To control system operators, RPC looks identical to conventional PID controllers – it has PV, setpoint, output and mode – so it can be seamlessly adopted in an operations and control system environment. RPC is easier and more intuitive to learn and tune for control engineers.

Other tuning applications

RPC is versatile and can be tuned for other types of performance. For example, classic error-minimization or quarter-amplitude-damping can be provided by using a high move rate and short prediction time. RPC (like PID) works “as is” for integrating and non-integrating variables. For loops where there is effectively a very high “speed limit,” (not uncommon in singleloop control, but rare in multivariable control) a large move rate can be combined with a wide taper band to provide a large response when far from setpoint,

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DICTIONARY of RPC terms • SP (or target): Single-loop controller setpoint (SP) or multivariable controller target value • PV (or ICV): Single-loop controller process variable (PV) or multivariable controller indirect control variable (ICV) • OP (or DCV): Single-loop controller output (OP) or multivariable controller direct control variable (DCV), also known as a “handle” RPC tuning parameters also include the following: • RPC move rate: Pre-selected move rate (for OP, DCV or handle); selected based on safe operating practice or as a process “speed limit” (in units of the output per second, or per minute for multivariable control) • RPC prediction time: Used for PV prediction calculation; normally set equal to or greater than 63 percent process time constant (T63), but also can be set less than T63 for more aggressive error-minimization performance (units of seconds, or minutes for multivariable control) • RPC taper band: The error band around setpoint at which RPC begins tapering the move rate, so the move rate goes to zero as the error goes to zero; conceptually based on the point at which an operator using manual control would begin decreasing step size (same units as the PV).

tapering to a safe speed as the setpoint is approached. RPC is “model-less,” which is another way of saying it is inherently adaptive. It does not use a process model (nor does it attempt to “roll its own,” such as with auto-tuning or adaptive modeling). RPC relies on gain direction only, which is equivalent to PID control action (direct or reverse), or the sign of the gain (positive or negative). Gain direction is the most fundamental and immutable KEYWORDS: Advanced process control, rate-predictive control, aspect of any model. process gain RPC uses process response time (T63), Rate-predictive control but this can be tuned intuitively (like inte(RPC), a new advanced control gral time, Lambda or closed-loop response method, has advantages over time), rather than in detail (as in modelproportional-integral-derivative based control). RPC performance is mildly (PID) algorithms. impacted by variation in actual T63. RPC is adaptive to changes in process gain. Gain direction and approximate speed Gain direction is the most of response are the minimum information fundamental aspect of any necessary for effective control of any loop. model. More detailed model information can be CONSIDER THIS put to further advantage, but it also introWould asset optimization be duces more cost, risk and maintenance. easier with a better-behaved From this standpoint, RPC provides a pruadvanced control algorithm? dent and robust compromise among simONLINE plicity, performance, and reliability. ce

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Allan Kern is owner and consultant with APC Performance LLC. Edited by Mark T. Hoske, content manager, Control Engineering, CFE Media, mhoske@cfemedia.com.

If reading from the digital edition, click on the headline for more resources, including more information and links to related articles and an RPC math paper. www.controleng.com/magazine

CONTROL ENGINEEERING

April 2019

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ANSWERS

ADVANCED CONTROLS A Control Engineering tutorial

Understanding feedforward control Feedforward controls applied to a process, with limited, measurable disturbances, can keep the process variable close to the setpoint.

raditional feedback control is a lot like running backwards. Without looking at the track ahead, a rear-facing runner must rely solely on views behind to determine where to go. While looking backward, the runner can stay in the lane only by adjusting the leftright position as the edge lines get closer. If the runner goes too quickly, it’s easy to end up well off course before a course correction is applied. (See Figure 1.) Industrial feedback controllers face the same challenge. To keep the controlled process at the desired temperature, pressure, flow rate, etc., a feedback-only controller must wait to see how it’s been doing, then correct its mistakes and look again. That’s generally not a random trial-and-error procedure. Even if the controller knows enough about the process’ behavior to make educated guesses about necessary corrections, those corrections always must be made after the fact. So like a rear-facing runner, a feedback-only controller must proceed cautiously to avoid over-

FIGURE 1: Running backwards down a straightaway. Like a feedback-only controller, a rearfacing runner can only see the past location, but that’s usually enough to stay on course. Even without looking ahead, it is easy enough to observe proximity to the center of the lane and compensate for any slow drift to the left or right. A feedback-only controller has little difficulty keeping the process variable near a constant setpoint if slow drift is the only disturbance. Historical measurements of the process variable usually tell the controller all it needs to know when the control problem is this easy. Graphics courtesy: Control Engineering

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or under-correcting for past mistakes. This is especially true when the controller is designed with inaccurate or incomplete knowledge of the process’ behavior. If the controller can’t predict the future effects of its current control efforts, it has little choice but to act conservatively over a longer interval rather than aggressively over a shorter interval. (See Figure 2.)

Look forward, not backward The obvious solution to the runner’s dilemma is to turn around and look forward rather than backward during the run. With advance knowledge of upcoming curves, a front-facing runner will be able to make much more informed course corrections and will be able to run much faster. An observant runner also can look down the track and take preemptive actions to stay in the middle of the lane when an upcoming curve is seen. The runner can start turning to the left exactly when needed, as shown in the “Running forwards” graphic, Figure 3. A process controller equipped with sensors capable of measuring precursors to upcoming disturbances can operate faster and preemptively. There is no need to wait for the results of past control efforts to appear in measurements. Sensors and controllers work together to observe coming disturbances and feed the information forward to help calculate future control efforts.

Feedforward control example A classic application of feedforward control is a steam distribution system where a central boiler provides steam at a constant pressure to various pieces of equipment throughout the plant. When an idle machine comes online and starts drawing steam from the boiler, the pressure controller can preemptively turn up the heat and inject additional water into the boiler, provided the system can determine how much steam the machine needs. If the controller relied strictly on feedback, it would have to wait until the pressure in the boiler www.controleng.com

FIGURE 2: Running backwards around a curve is much more challenging. By the time the runner has noticed a curve has moved the center of the lane away from the runner’s path, the runner will already be off course. In the case shown here, the runner ends up too far to the left and then too far to his right while trying to compensate for the disturbance. High runner speed results in continued overcompensation back and forth until the disturbance ends at the end of the curve. A feedback-only controller will demonstrate the same oscillatory behavior if it was designed to act aggressively or if the controlled process turns out to be too responsive to the controller’s efforts. In the worst case, even an end to the disturbance won’t help. The controller might continue to oscillate between fully on and fully off as it continues to overcompensate again and again. had already dropped before attempting to compensate for the additional load. If it can anticipate the upcoming disturbance, the pressure controller will be able to proactively prevent the pressure drop a feedback-only controller would need to see before taking action. The trick to effective feedforward control is measuring indicators of upcoming disturbances and accurately predict the effects they’re about to have on the process variable. A front-facing runner hardly needs to think about what to do when there is a curve ahead, but a feedforward pressure controller would have to make less obvious decisions. It would need to know not only when a particular machine is about to come on-line, but how much steam it’s going to be drawing and exactly how that draw-down is going to affect the boiler pressure over time. These predictions are often made with the help of a mathematical model that shows how the process responds to measurable disturbances. These models can be as simple as look-up tables containing the effects of disturbances measured in earlier tests or as complicated as multi-variable differential equations based on first principles analysis or empirical observations. On-line learning algorithms and other forms of artificial intelligence can sometimes help create — or at least refine — the mathematical model over time.

Best of feedback, feedforward

Since no model can be 100% accurate, and because other unmeasurable disturbances are likely to affect the process variable as well, a feedforward controller is almost always combined with a feedback controller. The feedforward controller makes its best guess as to the control effort required to compensate for an impending disturbance, and the feedback controller takes up the slack. The feedback controller measures the net effect of the disturbance and the feedforward control efforts then compensates for any deviations in the process variable the feedforward controller was unable to prevent.

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FIGURE 3: Running forward down a straightaway is easy. With a view of the track ahead, the runner can compensate almost instantaneously to any slow drift to the left or right, even when sprinting at top speed. In much the same way, a feedforward controller applied to a process with limited, measurable disturbances can keep the process variable close to the setpoint easily enough. Running forward around a curve is not all that much more difficult. The runner can visually measure any impending disturbances (curves), anticipate the effect on future trajectory, and make course corrections as needed rather than afterwards. Advance knowledge allows a front-facing runner to round a curve much faster and with much less error than a rear-facing runner can. Advance knowledge allows a feedforward controller to be more aggressive and more accurate. If the controller can correctly predict how a disturbance is going to affect the process variable and how to compensate for it, the controller can afford to apply more assertive control efforts. Doing so can reduce the effects of an impending disturbance just as a runner can stay right in the center of the lane when anticipating upcoming curves. Feedforward controllers can be difficult to implement. Feedforward controller design is challenging when the process’ behavior is not well understood, the disturbance variables are hard to measure, or there are too many disturbance variables to account for. A poorly-designed feedforward controller can sometimes amplify the effects of a disturbance CONTROL ENGINEEERING

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Feed forward: A process controller equipped with sensors that measure indicators of upcoming disturbances can feed the information forward to

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help calculate future control efforts.

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and make the feedback controller’s job more difficult.

Less energy, less wear

KEYWORDS: Advanced control, feedforward control,

A feedforward controller can be well worth the effort if disturbances are so frequent or so large that a feedback controller alone can’t keep up. A successful feedforward controller can reduce the effects of major disturbances to mere blips in the process variable. If doing so also eliminates the oscillatory behavior of a feedback-only controller, a combined feedforward/feedback controller will use less energy by making fewer control moves. Fewer control moves also reduces wear and tear on the actuator used to apply the controller’s output to the process. ce

feedback control A feedback-only controller looking backward must proceed cautiously to avoid over- or under-correcting for past mistakes. Feedforward control can operate faster and preemptively and doesn’t need to wait for the results of past control efforts. Effective feedforward control measures upcoming disturbances and accurately predicts what effects they’re about to have on the process variable.

ONLINE Read this story online at www.controleng.com for additional stories about advanced controls and how they benefit manufacturing.

Control Engineering tutorial edited by Chris Vavra and Mark T. Hoske, mhoske@cfemedia.com, CFE Media.

CONSIDER THIS What benefits can an application derive from feedforward control?

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hammondmfg.com | (716)630-7030 | sales@hammfg.com input #19 at www.controleng.com/information

ANSWERS

AUTOMATION

Mark T. Hoske, Control Engineering

Automated test equipment What attributes are needed in automated test equipment (ATE)? What automation should be considered for ATE designs? See 10 questions to ask when applying automation.

ew product design and development increasingly rely on automation to increase throughput and speed time to market, including many automated test equipment (ATE) applications. While simulations help (see related articles in this issue), some tests benefit from real-world physical results provided with automation.

Questions for applying automation

After determining an application needs automation, what’s next? When applying automation to an application, consider the following 10 questions. 1. What are application needs, goals, objectives, and scope? (Related: Will it expand or need to be reconfigured in the future? How much will be purchased, designed, reused, adapted, or integrated?) 2. What’s the project schedule? 3. What sensors will be needed? 4. What logic devices will be applied, where will they be located, and what environmental protection will they need? Will these be separate from data acquisition or integrated? 5. What actuation or other motion elements will be needed? (Related: Will custom motion be applied and/or can robotics be used?) 6. Which elements will be automated and how? (Related: Will open- or closed-loop control be applied? Or a combination?) 7. How will power be managed and applied safely without interfering with communications? 8. What communications and input/output (I/O) connections can connect devices, and systems? 9. What data analytics will be applied for data acquisition or Big Data analysis? (Related: Will realtime feedback be applied to the application?) 10. Do you have staff required to meet schedule lifecycle for design, simulation, training, test, integration, commissioning, operation, analysis, maintenance, rework or retirement, with appropriate safety and cybersecurity? (Related: Will system integrators, vendors, or other experts help? Earlier is better.)

Automotive application

Sakor Technologies Inc. recently provided a dynamometer testing system to a major original

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equipment manufacturer (OEM) for testing starters and alternators used in hybrid and electric vehicle applications. The dynamometer test system consists of a 42 kW ac motoring dynamometer and test automation controller. The system has test modes for load or motoring and communicates with the customer’s engine control unit via CAN bus technology. The system can test from 0 to 18,000 RPM, with full torque from a stall condition. It can run in motoring or loading modes at maximum rated torque/power in either direction and can switch between modes instantaneously, exposing starters and alternators to all vehicle conditions, Sakor said. Modes simulate real-world conditions, including starting the engine, dynamic braking, power assist, and battery charging modes, replacing two or three prior machines to do similar testing. Operating costs are less with regeneration capabilities.

Automated battery testing

Siemens opened an advanced robotized and digitized battery module factory in Trondheim, Norway. The factory has a robotized and digitized production line with eight robotic stations and capacity of up to 300 megawatt hours (MWh) per year. The factory is automated from unpacking incoming production parts through the testing of the finished battery modKEYWORDS: Automated test ule. One battery consists of nine battery equipment, Automation tips modules, each module consists of 28 batWhen automating test equipment tery cells. Uses include ships and offshore plan the scope of the project. electrical applications. Automation provides flexibility West Mira, a Northern Drilling comand added capabilities. pany drilling platform, is said to be the Automated testing is integrated with an automated factory. first drilling rig in the world operated with modern batteries. Siemens said the CONSIDER THIS batteries are expected to lower annual What applications could benefit fuel consumption by 12 percent, annual from automation? carbon dioxide emissions by 15 percent, ONLINE and annual nitrogen oxide emissions by If reading from the digital edition, 12 percent. ce click on the headline for more

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Mark T. Hoske is content manager, Control Engineering, CFE Media, mhoske@cfemedia.com.

resources. www.controleng.com/magazine Get automation education at www.controleng.com/webcasts.

control engineeering

April 2019

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INSIDE MACHINES Pat Lemmon, Intermountain Electronics

Low-priced medium-voltage drives can have long-term costs Consider how reliability and performance impact total cost of ownership (TCO) when buying or specifying medium-voltage drives rather than focus only on the initial price point.

edium-voltage drives are one of the most process-critical pieces of equipment in heavy industrial operations. Given the high downtime costs in large-scale operations, most companies can’t afford for drives to go down for even an hour. However, drive reliability has become a challenge for many operations as purchasing priorities have changed. Companies trying to stretch capital further are opting for cheaper drives, putting their long-term business goals at risk as a result.

Changing buying priorities

Historically, industrial companies purposely bought medium-voltage drives that would reliably last up to 20 years. But many companies tightened their budgets after the global economic downturn. Keywords: Medium-voltage This has led them (or the EPC working on drives, energy efficiency, risk their behalf) to place a higher priority on management a drive’s up-front cost than its long-term Companies should think performance. long term when choosing a medium-voltage motor for their Some drive suppliers have noted these operations. new priorities and are using cheaper, Cheaper motors can have lower-quality components to offer lesslong-term added costs for expensive drive options. However, this a company due to inferior sacrifice in product quality can come at materials and construction. the expense of performance and reliability Medium-voltage drives should facilitate a company’s for end users. operations and business goals For example, some suppliers now use and provide long-term savings aluminum instead of copper in drive through the motor’s life. transformers. This cuts the cost of a drive, online but results in less efficient transformers. Read this story online at An end user will pay more in energy costs www.controleng.com and over the drive’s lifetime than what they additional stories about saved on the initial cost. medium-voltage drives. Lower-quality drives, which are more Consider this likely to fail, also will be more expensive What other considerations to maintain over their lifetime. And their should a company have when life span may only be a period of years selecting and purchasing a instead of decades. medium-voltage drive?

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What to look for when buying or specifying a drive

Rather than specifying or buying a mediumvoltage drive purely based on up-front price, consider its total cost of ownership (TCO). This requires evaluating a drive’s performance and reliability and how it can deliver cost savings in areas such as integration into the control system and risk management.

Performance and reliability

Users need to ask how long a medium-voltage drive will reliably operate. If the answer is 20 years, specify that in the procurement process. Some suppliers can deliver drives with upward of 100,000 hours of mean time between failure (MTBF), which is more than 20 years in a typical operation. Other suppliers only offer drives with a fraction of that MTBF. What may seem like a lower cost drive today will be much costlier down the road if the drive is replaced in five years instead of 20 years. Likewise, consider how a drive’s design can impact operating costs. Going back to the transformer example, the use of aluminum may be 5% less efficient than copper. That seems small, but lower efficiency can cost more than the initial purchase price in additional energy costs over a drive’s life span. If redundancy is important, consider using a drive with bypass options. In the event of a critical component failure, the drive can bypass the component to keep the drive running. This can provide a user a window to plan for a scheduled shutdown.

Quick start savings

A medium-voltage drive can start paying dividends faster if users can minimize the time it takes to get it up and running in a plant. For example, manually integrating and configuring devices and systems can be a time-consuming and labor-intensive process, so drives that have control systems with built-in advanced integration can reduce development and configuration time. www.controleng.com

input #20 at www.controleng.com/information

ANSWERS

INSIDE MACHINES

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Safe Torque Off (STO) technology in drives can remove power from a motor without removing

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power to the drive.

A drive that supports remote monitoring allows a vendor to monitor its performance. The vendor can notify of any faults, warnings or performance outside of a defined tolerance. Image shows the AllenBradley PowerFlex 6000 medium-voltage ac drives from Rockwell Automation, which allow for flexibility in a variety of applications, new and retrofit, variable torque, and constant torque. Courtesy: Intermountain Electronics

With advanced integration, a controller can recognize certain devices and automatically import their add-on profiles. Mapping devices becomes easier because an engineer no longer needs to manually associate parameter numbers with descriptions or enter a device’s details. The ability to use one development environment can reduce the potential for development and input/output-mismatch errors. A system integrator with the right application expertise can maximize these efficiencies to integrate the controller with the medium-voltage drive, human interfaces, and remote monitoring for all the connected site applications. Some drives also come with add-on instructions (AOIs), which are reusable code objects. AOIs are defined once in a controller project and can be reused multiple times. This helps commission systems faster and promotes greater programming consistency across a plant’s operations. Finally, different drive vendors offer varied factory acceptance testing (FAT) levels. A vendor that tests the drive at full voltage and power can give the user greater confidence the drive will perform as expected, before it arrives at the facility.

Risk management

A medium-voltage drive can help better manage the risks and costs of potential safety, security and downtime incidents.

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April 2019

CONTROL ENGINEERING

Safety: Arc-resistant drives can help users meet stringent global arc-resistance standards. These drives redirect hazardous energy and gases created from arc-flash events away from personnel. This reduces safety risks as well as protects equipment. Drives also can use safe torque off (STO) technology to remove power from a motor without removing power to the drive. This is critical to reduce cycle times for batch process applications and can help achieve a faster system restart after a safe state is reached. STO is designed into the drive control and doesn’t require additional electromechanical components, which can help lower hardware, inventory and installation costs. Security: Drives, like all aspects of industrial operations, are increasingly connected. With this greater connectivity comes greater potential for security risks. If the drive offers remote monitoring and data collection capabilities, make sure it offers secure connectivity features such as a secure socket layer through a standard Internet connection. Downtime: In addition to specifying or purchasing reliable drives to prevent downtime in the first place, different levels of support can help monitor and maintain the drives. For example, a drive that supports remote monitoring allows a vendor to monitor its performance. The vendor immediately notifies the user of any faults, warnings or performance outside of a defined tolerance. Advances are being made to design in predictive analytics to forecast device health and proactively schedule maintenance. This helps a user identify and respond to any issues to reduce or avoid downtime completely. It can also offset skills-shortage challenges by tasking drive monitoring to a trusted vendor. Medium-voltage drives should help facilitate a company’s operations and business goals. When specifying drives, look beyond the sticker price to understand lifecycle costs in key areas like downtime, energy usage, system integration, and risk management. ce Pat Lemmon, director of technical support, Intermountain Electronics. Edited by Chris Vavra, production editor, Control Engineering, CFE Media, cvavra@cfemedia.com. www.controleng.com

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^ŝĞŵĞŶƐ ͫ >K'K͊ ĂŶĚ ^/Z/h^ ʹ ĂƵƚŽŵĂƟŽŶ ĞǆĐĞůůĞŶĐĞ ͪ

tŚǇ ^ŝĞŵĞŶƐ͍ ͧ dŚĞ ŝŶƚĞƌŶĂƟŽŶ Ăů ůĞĂĚ

Ğƌ ŝŶ ŝŶĚƵƐƚƌŝĂů ĂƵƚŽŵĂƟŽŶ ĐŽ ŵƉŽŶĞŶƚƐ ͧ tŽƌůĚ ƌĞŶŽǁŶĞ Ě ƚĞĐŚŶŽůŽŐǇ ǇŽ Ƶ ĐĂŶ ƌĞůǇ ŽŶ

ͧ /ŶŶŽǀĂƟŽŶ͕ ƋƵĂ ůŝƚǇ͕ ĂŶĚ

ĐŽŶƟŶƵŝƚǇ

ƵƚŽŵĂƟŽŶ24 ƉƌŽĚƵĐƚ ŽǀĞƌǀŝĞǁ ŽĨ ^ŝĞŵĞŶƐ zŽƵ ǁŝůů ĮŶĚ Ă ǁŝĚĞ ƌĂŶŐĞ ŽĨ ^ŝĞŵĞŶƐ ƉƌŽĚƵĐƚƐ Ăƚ ƵŶďĞĂƚĂďůĞ ƉƌŝĐĞƐ͘ tŝƚŚ ƚŚĞƐĞ ƉƌŽĚƵĐƚƐ͕ ĂĐŚŝĞǀŝŶŐ ƉƌŽĐĞƐƐ ĂƵƚŽŵĂƟŽŶ ĂŶĚ ĐŽŶƚƌŽů ŽĨ ǇŽƵƌ ŵĂĐŚŝŶĞƐ ĂŶĚ ƐǇƐƚĞŵƐ ŝƐ ŵĂĚĞ ƐŝŵƉůĞ ĂŶĚ ĞĸĐŝĞŶƚ͘ >ŽŽŬ ĨŽƌǁĂƌĚ ƚŽ ƉƌŽǀĞŶ ^ŝĞŵĞŶƐ ƋƵĂůŝƚǇ͘

>K'K͊ >ŽŐŝĐ ŵŽĚƵůĞƐ

9 dŚĞ ƉĞƌĨĞĐƚ ŝŶƚƌŽĚƵĐƟŽŶ ƚŽ ĂƵƚŽŵĂƟŽŶ ĂŶĚ W> ƚĞĐŚŶŽůŽŐǇ 9 /ĚĞĂů ĨŽƌ ƐŵĂůů ĂƵƚŽŵĂƟŽŶ ƚĂƐŬƐ͕ ƐƵĐŚ ĂƐ ƐŝŵƉůĞ ŵĂĐŚŝŶĞƐ͕ ďƵŝůĚŝŶŐ ĂŶĚ ƉƌŽĐĞƐƐ ĂƵƚŽŵĂƟŽŶ

9 ^ŝŵƉůĞ͕ ƐƉĂĐĞͲƐĂǀŝŶŐ͕ ĞĐŽŶŽŵŝĐĂů͕ ĂŶĚ ĞǆƉĂŶĚĂďůĞ

^ǁŝƚĐŚĞƐ Θ ƐŝŐŶĂůŝŶŐ ĚĞǀŝĐĞƐ

9 ^/Z/h^ d ʹ WĞƌĨŽƌŵĂŶĐĞ ŝŶ ĐƟŽŶ 9 ǆƋƵŝƐŝƚĞůǇ ďĞĂƵƟĨƵů ƉƵƐŚďƵƩŽŶƐ ĂŶĚ ƐŝŐŶĂůŝŶŐ ĚĞǀŝĐĞƐ 9 ĂƐǇ ƚŽ ĂƐƐĞŵďůĞ͕ ƌƵŐŐĞĚůǇ ƌĞůŝĂďůĞ͕ ĂŶĚ ƐŝŵƉůǇ ďƌŝůůŝĂŶƚ

^ŽůŝĚ ƐƚĂƚĞ ƌĞůĂǇƐ

9 hƐĞĚ ŝŶ ĂƵƚŽŵĂƟŽŶ ĂŶĚ ĐŽŶƚƌŽů ƉƌŽĐĞƐƐĞƐ ƚŽ ĐŽŶƚƌŽů ŵŽƚŽƌƐ͕ ƉůĂŶƚ ĞƋƵŝƉŵĞŶƚ͕ ĂŶĚ ĞůĞĐƚƌŝĐĂů ŚĞĂƟŶŐ ƐǇƐƚĞŵƐ

9 sŝƌƚƵĂůůǇ ƵŶůŝŵŝƚĞĚ ƐĞƌǀŝĐĞ ůŝĨĞ 9 WƌĂĐƟĐĂů ƐĐƌĞǁ ƚĞƌŵŝŶĂůƐ

dŚĞ ĐŽŵƉůĞƚĞ ůŝƐƚ ŽĨ ^ŝĞŵĞŶƐ ƉƌŽĚƵĐƚƐ͗ ǁǁǁ͘ĂƵƚŽŵĂƟŽŶ24.com/ƐŝĞŵĞŶƐ

>K'K͊ >ŽŐŝĐ ŵŽĚƵůĞƐ ĨƌŽŵ ^ŝĞŵĞŶƐ 9 dŚĞ ƉĞƌĨĞĐƚ ƐŽůƵƟŽŶ ďĞƚǁĞĞŶ ĐŽŶƚĂĐƚŽƌ ĂŶĚ W> 9 >ŽŐŝĐĂů ĐŽŶŶĞĐƟŽŶ ŽĨ ĨƵŶĐƟŽŶƐ ǀŝĂ ŵŽƵƐĞ ĐůŝĐŬ ŝŶƐƚĞĂĚ ŽĨ ǁŝƌŝŶŐ 9 ZĞƉůĂĐĞƐ ƐĞǀĞƌĂů ĐŽŶǀĞŶƟŽŶĂů ƐǁŝƚĐŚŝŶŐ ĚĞǀŝĐĞƐ ůĞĂĚŝŶŐ ƚŽ ƐŵĂůůĞƌ ƐǁŝƚĐŚďŽĂƌĚƐ ĂŶĚ ƐĂǀĞĚ ƐƉĂĐĞ

9 KīĞƌƐ ƌĞĂĚǇͲƚŽͲƵƐĞ ĨƵŶĐƟŽŶƐ ĨŽƌ ĚŝīĞƌĞŶƚ ĂƉƉůŝĐĂƟŽŶƐ

ǁǁǁ͘ĂƵƚŽŵĂƟŽŶ24.com/ůŽŐŽͲůŽŐŝĐͲŵŽĚƵůĞƐ

15% %

Sales Discount Žī D^ZWΎ

^ĂůĞƐ ƉƌŝĐĞ Ψ

/ƚĞŵ ŶŽ͘

DĂŶƵĨĂĐƚƵƌĞƌ ĚĞƐŝŐŶĂƟŽŶ

Type

D^ZW Ψ

KƵƌ ƌĞŐƵůĂƌ ƉƌŝĐĞ Ψ

ϭϬϯϳϭϲ

ϲ ϭϬϱϮͲϭ ϬϴͲϬ Ϭ

>ŽŐŝĐ ŵŽĚƵůĞ ǁŝƚŚ ĚŝƐƉůĂǇ >K'K͊ Ϯϰ

ϭϱϳ͘ϬϬ ϱϳ͘ϬϬ ϳ ϬϬ Ϭ

ϭϰϵ͘ϭϱ ϰϵ͘ϭϱ ϵ ϭϱ ϭϱ

ϭϯϯ͘ϰϱ

ϭϬϯϳϭϮ

ϲ ϭϬϱϮͲϭ& ϬϴͲϬ Ϭ

>ŽŐŝĐ ŵŽĚƵůĞ ǁŝƚŚ ĚŝƐƉůĂǇ >K'K͊ ϮϯϬZ

ϴϮ͘ϬϬ ͘Ϭ ϬϬ Ϭ ϭϴϮ͘ϬϬ

Ϯ ϵϬ Ϯ͘ϵϬ ϵϬ ϭϳϮ͘ϵϬ

ϭϱϰ͘ϳϬ

ϭϬϭϳϱϯ

ϲ ϭϬϱϱͲϭ ϬϬͲϬ Ϯ

ǆƉĂŶƐŝŽŶ ŵŽĚƵůĞ >K'K͊ Dϴ Ϯϰ

ϲ͘ϬϬ ϬϬ ϴϲ͘ϬϬ

ϭ͘ϳϬ ϭ͘ϳϬ ϳϬ ϴϭ͘ϳϬ

ϳϯ͘ϭϬ

ϭϬϭϳϱϲ

ϲ ϭϬϱϱͲϭ& ϭϬͲϬ Ϯ

ǆƉĂŶƐŝŽŶ ŵŽĚƵůĞ >K'K͊ Dϭϲ ϮϯϬZ

͘ϬϬ ϬϬ Ϭ Ϭ ϭϱϬ͘ϬϬ

͘ϱϬ ϱϬ ϱϬ ϭϰϮ͘ϱϬ

ϭϮϳ͘ϱϬ

ϭϬϯϳϮϳ

ϲ ϭϬϱϱͲϰD,ϬϴͲϬ Ϭ

dĞǆƚ ĚŝƐƉůĂǇ >K'K͊ d

Ϭϱ͘ϬϬ Ϭ ϱϬ ϮϬϱ͘ϬϬ

ϵϰ͘ϳϱ ϰ ϳϱ ϳϱ ϭϵϰ͘ϳϱ

ϭϳϰ͘Ϯϱ

Ύ^ĂůĞƐ ƉƌŝĐŝŶŐ ƐƵďũĞĐƚ ƚŽ ƋƵĂŶƟƚǇ ƌĞƐƚƌŝĐƟŽŶƐ͘ sĂůŝĚ ƵŶƟů ϭϮͬϯϭͬϮϬϭϴ͘

ŽŶƚĂĐƚ͗ ŵĂŝůΛĂƵƚŽŵĂƟŽŶ24͘ĐŽŵ ͮ dĞĐŚŶŝĐĂů ƐƵƉƉŽƌƚ͗ нϭ ϴϬϬͲϮϱϬͲϲϳϳϮ ;ĨƌĞĞͿ Žƌ нϭ ϲϭϬͲϵϴϭͲϮϵϬϬ ŽŶƚĂĐƚ͗ ŵĂŝůΛĂƵƚŽŵĂƟŽŶ24͘ĐŽŵ ͮ dĞĐŚŶŝĐĂů ƐƵƉƉŽƌƚ͗ нϭ ϴϬϬͲϮϱϬͲϲϳϳϮ ;ƚŽůůͲĨƌĞĞͿ Žƌ нϭ ϲϭϬͲϵϴϭͲϮϵϬϬ

ZƵŐŐĞĚ ZĞůŝĂďŝůŝƚǇ͊ ^/Z/h^ d ^ǁŝƚĐŚĞƐ ĨƌŽŵ ^ŝĞŵĞŶƐ

9 DĞƚĂů ĂŶĚ ƉůĂƐƟĐ ĞůĞŵĞŶƚƐ ĐŽŵďŝŶĞ ƵŶƉĂƌĂůůĞůĞĚ ĨƵŶĐƟŽŶĂůŝƚǇ ǁŝƚŚ Ă ƟŵĞůĞƐƐůǇ ĂĞƐƚŚĞƟĐ ůŽŽŬ

9 /ŶŶŽǀĂƟǀĞ ƐŶĂƉͲŽŶ ĐŽŶĐĞƉƚ ĞůŝŵŝŶĂƚĞƐ ƚŚĞ ŶĞĞĚ ĨŽƌ ƚŽŽůƐ ĚƵƌŝŶŐ ŝŶƐƚĂůůĂƟŽŶ 9 /Wϲϵ< ƌĂƚĞĚ ĨŽƌ ƚŚĞ ŚŝŐŚĞƐƚ ĚĞŐƌĞĞ ŽĨ ƉƌŽƚĞĐƟŽŶ ǁǁǁ͘ĂƵƚŽŵĂƟŽŶ24.com/ƐǁŝƚĐŚĞƐͲƐŝŐŶĂůŝŶŐͲĚĞǀŝĐĞƐ

15% %

Sales Discount Žī D^ZWΎ

^ĂůĞƐ ƉƌŝĐĞ Ψ

/ƚĞŵ ŶŽ͘

DĂŶƵĨĂĐƚƵƌĞƌ ĚĞƐŝŐŶĂƟŽŶ

&ĞĂƚƵƌĞƐ

D^ZW Ψ

KƵƌ ƌĞŐƵůĂƌ ƉƌŝĐĞ Ψ

ϰϬϭϬϬϱ

ϯ^hϭϬϬϭͲϯ ϰϮͲϬ <Ϭ

/ůůƵŵŝŶĂƚĞĚ ƚǁŝŶ ƉƵƐŚďƵƩŽŶ͕ ϮϮŵŵ͕ ƉůĂƐƟĐ

Ϯϵ͘ϳϴ Ϯϵ͘ϳϴ ϵ ϳϴ

Ϯϴ͘ϯϬ Ϯϴ͘ϯϬ ϴ͘ϯϬ ϯϬ

Ϯϱ͘ϯϮ

ϰϬϬϴϱϭ

ϯ^hϭϬϱϬͲϬ ϭϬͲϬ Ϭ

WƵƐŚďƵƩŽŶ͕ ϮϮŵŵ͕ ŵĞƚĂů͕ ƐŚŝŶǇ

ϭϰ͘ϭϰ ϰ͘ϭϰ ϭϰ

ϭϯ͘ϰϰ ϯ ϰϰ ϯ͘ϰϰ

ϭϮ͘ϬϮ

ϰϬϬϴϲϭ

ϯ^hϭϬϬϮͲϮ &ϱϬͲϬ Ϭ

^ĞůĞĐƚŽƌ ƐǁŝƚĐŚ͕ ŝůůƵŵŝŶĂďůĞ͕ ϮϮŵŵ͕ ƉůĂƐƟĐ

ϭϮ͘ϭϬ Ϯ͘ϭϬ ϭϬ

ϭϭ͘ϱϬ ϭ͘ϱϬ ϭ͘ϱϬ ϱϬ

ϭϬ͘Ϯϵ

ϰϬϭϬϭϵ

ϯ^hϭϬϬϬͲϳ &ϭϬͲϬ Ϭ

ŽŽƌĚŝŶĂƚĞ ƐǁŝƚĐŚ͕ ϮϮŵŵ͕ ƉůĂƐƟĐ

͘ϱϳ ϱϳ ϱ ϳ ϭϳϱ͘ϱϳ

͘ϴϬ ϴϬ ϴϬ ϭϲϲ͘ϴϬ

ϯ^hϭϬϱϭͲϭ, ϮϬͲϬ Ϭ

ŵĞƌŐĞŶĐǇ ƐƚŽƉ ŵƵƐŚƌŽŽŵ ƉƵƐŚďƵƩŽŶ͕ ŝůůƵŵŝŶĂďůĞ͕ ϮϮ ŵŵ͕ ŵĞƚĂů

ϭϰϵ͘Ϯϰ

ϰϬϬϳϱϲ

ϯϲ͘ϯϴ ϯϲ͘ϯϴ ϲ ϯϴ

ϯϰ͘ϱϳ ϯϰ͘ϱϳ ϰ͘ϱϳ ϱϳ

ϯϬ͘ϵϯ

Ύ^ĂůĞƐ ƉƌŝĐŝŶŐ ƐƵďũĞĐƚ ƚŽ ƋƵĂŶƟƚǇ ƌĞƐƚƌŝĐƟŽŶƐ͘ sĂůŝĚ ƵŶƟů ϭϮͬϯϭͬϮϬϭϴ͘

dŚĞ ĐŽŵƉůĞƚĞ ůŝƐƚ ŽĨ ^ŝĞŵĞŶƐ ƉƌŽĚƵĐƚƐ͗ ǁǁǁ͘ĂƵƚŽŵĂƟŽŶ24.com/ƐŝĞŵĞŶƐ

^ŝĞŵĞŶƐ ͫ >K'K͊ ĂŶĚ ^/Z/h^ ʹ ĂƵƚŽŵĂƟŽŶ ĞǆĐĞůůĞŶĐĞ ͪ

DŽƚŽƌ ƐƚĂƌƚĞƌƐ

9 E ĞĞĚĞĚ ƚŽ ƌĞǀĞƌƐĞ ĂŶĚ ƉƌŽƚĞĐƚ ĂŐĂŝŶƐƚ ŽǀĞƌůŽĂĚ Žƌ ƵŶĚĞƌǀŽůƚĂŐĞ

9 DĂŶƵĨĂĐƚƵƌĞĚ ĨŽƌ ĚŝīĞƌĞŶƚ ƉŽǁĞƌ ĐůĂƐƐĞƐ 9 ǀĂŝůĂďůĞ ĂƐ ĚŝƌĞĐƚ Žƌ ƌĞǀĞƌƐŝŶŐ͕ ĐŽŵƉĂĐƚ ĂŶĚ ƐŽŌ ƐƚĂƌƚĞƌƐ

KǀĞƌůŽĂĚ ƌĞůĂǇƐ

9 ƵƌƌĞŶƚͲůŝŵŝƟŶŐ ĐŝƌĐƵŝƚ ďƌĞĂŬĞƌƐ ĨŽƌ ůŽĂĚ ĨĞĞĚĞƌƐ 9 ĚũƵƐƚĂďůĞ ŽǀĞƌůŽĂĚ ƉƌŽƚĞĐƟŽŶ 9 ďŝůŝƚǇ ƚŽ ƐŚƵƚ Žī ŵĂŶƵĂůůǇ

ŽŶƚĂĐƚŽƌ ƌĞůĂǇƐ

9 ůĞĐƚƌŝĐĂůůǇ ĐŽŶƚƌŽůůĞĚ ƐǁŝƚĐŚĞƐ ƵƐĞĚ ĨŽƌ ƐǁŝƚĐŚŝŶŐ Ğ ůĞĐƚƌŝĐĂů ƉŽǁĞƌ ĐŝƌĐƵŝƚ

9 ŽŶƚƌŽůůŝŶŐ ďŽƚŚ ĚŝƌĞĐƚ ĂŶĚ ĂůƚĞƌŶĂƟŶŐ ĐƵƌƌĞŶƚ ĐŝƌĐƵŝƚƐ 9 hƐĞĚ ĨŽƌ ŵŽƚŽƌ ĂŶĚ ƉůĂŶƚ ĐŽŶƚƌŽů͕ ƐǁŝƚĐŚŝŶŐ ůŝŐŚƚ ĐŽŶƚƌŽůƐ ĂŶĚ ŵĂƐƚĞƌ ĐŽŶƚƌŽů ƌĞůĂǇƐ

ŝƌĐƵŝƚ ďƌĞĂŬĞƌƐ

9 &ƵŶĐƟŽŶƐ ĂƐ Ă ŵĂŝŶ ƐǁŝƚĐŚ ĨŽƌ ƚŚĞ ĚŝƐĐŽŶŶĞĐƟŽŶ Žƌ

ŝƐŽůĂƟŽŶ ŽĨ ůŽĂĚ

9 hƐĞƌ ĨƌŝĞŶĚůǇ ĐŽŶŶĞĐƟŽŶ ƚĞƌŵŝŶĂůƐ ĞŶĂďůĞ ĞĂƐǇ ŝŶƐĞƌƟŽŶ ŽĨ ĐŽŶĚƵĐƚŽƌƐ

9 hƐĞĚ ŝŶ ŝŶĚƵƐƚƌŝĂů ĂƉƉůŝĐĂƟŽŶƐ ƚŽ ƉƌŽƚĞĐƚ ĞƋƵŝƉŵĞŶƚ͕ ƉĞƌƐŽŶŶĞů ĂŶĚ ŵĂƚĞƌŝĂů

ŽŶƚĂĐƚ͗ ŵĂŝůΛĂƵƚŽŵĂƟŽŶ24͘ĐŽŵ ͮ dĞĐŚŶŝĐĂů ƐƵƉƉŽƌƚ͗ нϭ ϴϬϬͲϮϱϬͲϲϳϳϮ ;ƚŽůůͲĨƌĞĞͿ Žƌ нϭ ϲϭϬͲϵϴϭͲϮϵϬϬ

Weidmüller ͫ WŽǁĞƌ ƐƵƉƉůŝĞƐ͕ ƚŽŽůƐ ĂŶĚ ƚĞƌŵŝŶĂů ďůŽĐŬƐ ƚŚĂƚ ŶĞǀĞƌ ƋƵŝƚ ͪ ͪ

ƵƚŽŵĂƟŽŶ24 ƉƌŽĚƵĐƚ ŽǀĞƌǀŝĞǁ of Weidmüller

tŚǇ tĞŝĚŵƺůůĞ

ƌ͍

ͧ Y ƵĂůŝƚǇ ŝŶĚƵƐƚƌŝ Ăů ĐŽŶŶ

ĞĐƟǀŝƚǇ ƉƌŽĚƵĐƚ ĨŽƌ ǀĂƌŝŽƵƐ ŵĂƌ Ɛ ŬĞƚƐ ĂŶĚ ŝŶĚƵƐƚ ƌŝĞƐ ͧ ŽŶƟŶƵŽƵƐůǇ ĚĞ ǀĞůŽƉŝŶŐ ŝŶŶŽǀĂ ƟǀĞ ĂŶĚ ƐƵƐƚĂŝŶĂďůĞ ƐŽůƵ ƟŽŶƐ ĨŽƌ ƚŚĞ ŝŶ ĚƵƐƚƌŝĂů ĞŶǀŝƌŽŶŵĞŶƚ ͧ ǆĐĞůůĞŶƚ ƉƌŽĚƵ Đƚ ƋƵĂůŝƚǇ ĞǀĞŶ ĂŌĞƌ Ğ ǆƚĞŶƐŝǀĞ ƵƐĞ

tĞŝĚŵƺůůĞƌ ŽīĞƌƐ Ă ǁŝĚĞ ƌĂŶŐĞ ŽĨ ƌĞůŝĂďůĞ ƚĞƌŵŝŶĂů ďůŽĐŬƐ͕ ƉŽǁĞƌ ƐƵƉƉůŝĞƐ ĂŶĚ ŽƚŚĞƌ ƚŽŽůƐ ĨŽƌ Ă ďƌŽĂĚ ƐƉĞĐƚƌƵŵ ŽĨ ĂƉƉůŝĐĂƟŽŶƐ͘ ^ĞĞ ŚŽǁ ƚŚĞǇ ĐĂŶ ŝŵƉƌŽǀĞ ǇŽƵƌ ĞůĞĐƚƌŝĐĂů ĂŶĚ ĐŽŶŶĞĐƟǀŝƚǇ ĂƉƉůŝĐĂƟŽŶƐ͊

/E ƌĂŝů ŵŽƵŶƚĞĚ ƐƵƉƉůŝĞƐ

9 W ZKĞĐŽ ƐĞƌŝĞƐ ƉƌŽǀŝĚĞƐ ƐƵƉĞƌŝŽƌ ĞĸĐŝĞŶĐǇ ŝŶ ĐŽŵƉĂĐƚ ĂƉƉůŝĐĂƟŽŶƐ

9 W ZKŵĂǆ ƐĞƌŝĞƐ ŝƐ ƉĂƌƟĐƵůĂƌůǇ ƉŽǁĞƌĨƵů ĂŶĚ ĐĂƉĂďůĞ

ŽĨ ŚĂŶĚůŝŶŐ ĐŽŶƟŶƵŽƵƐ ŽǀĞƌůŽĂĚ Žƌ ƚƌĂŶƐŝĞŶƚ ƉĞĂŬ ůŽĂĚƐ

9 tŝĚĞ ƌĂŶŐĞ ŽĨ ƐǁŝƚĐŚĞĚͲŵŽĚĞ ƉŽǁĞƌ ƐƵƉƉůŝĞƐ

tŽƌŬ ƚŽŽůƐ

9 ,ĂŶĚ ƚŽŽůƐ ŝŶĐůƵĚŝŶŐ ƉůŝĞƌƐ͕ ǁŝƌĞ ĐƵƩĞƌƐ͕

ǁŝƌĞ ƐƚƌŝƉƉĞƌƐ͕ ĐƌŝŵƉŝŶŐ ƚŽŽůƐ ĂŶĚ ƐĐƌĞǁĚƌŝǀĞƌƐ

9 ZŽďƵƐƚ ǇĞƚ ůŝŐŚƚǁĞŝŐŚƚ 9 YƵĂůŝƚǇ ƉƌĞĐŝƐŝŽŶ ƚŽŽůƐ

ŽƵƉůŝŶŐ ƌĞůĂǇƐ

9 &ůĞǆŝďůĞ ŵŽĚƵůĂƌ ƐǇƐƚĞŵ ƚŽ ŝƐŽůĂƚĞ ĂŶĚ ĂŵƉůŝĨǇ ƐŝŐŶĂůƐ 9 ǆƚƌĞŵĞůǇ ĐŽŵƉĂĐƚ ŵŽĚƵůĞƐ ƚŚĂƚ Įƚ ũƵƐƚ ĂďŽƵƚ ĂŶǇǁŚĞƌĞ ŝŶ ƚŚĞ ĐĂďŝŶĞƚ

9 WƌĞͲĂƐƐĞŵďůĞĚ ƉůƵŐͲĂŶĚͲƉůĂǇ ƐŽůƵƟŽŶƐ

dŚĞ ĐŽŵƉůĞƚĞ ůŝƐƚ ŽĨ tĞŝĚŵƺůůĞƌ ƉƌŽĚƵĐƚƐ͗ ǁǁǁ͘ĂƵƚŽŵĂƟŽŶ24.com/ǁĞŝĚŵƵůůĞƌ

ŽŵƉĂĐƚ ƉŽǁĞƌ ƐƵƉƉůŝĞƐ ƚŚĂƚ ĚĞůŝǀĞƌ ďŝŐ ĨĞĂƚƵƌĞƐ͊ ĨƌŽŵ tĞŝĚŵƺůůĞƌ 9 WZKĞĐŽ ƌĂŶŐĞ ŽīĞƌƐ ĐŽŵƉĂĐƚ ĚĞƐŝŐŶƐ͗

ƐƚĂůůĂƟŽŶƐ ŝĚĞĂů ĨŽƌ ĨĂĐƚŽƌǇ ĂŶĚ ƉƌŽĐĞƐƐ ŝŶƐƚĂůůĂƟŽŶƐ

9 WZKŵĂǆ ƐĞƌŝĞƐ ĚĞƐŝŐŶĞĚ ĨŽƌ ĚĞŵĂŶĚŝŶŐ ĂƉƉůŝĐĂƟŽŶƐ

9 ŽŶĮĚĞŶƚůǇ ƌĞƐƉŽŶĚ ƚŽ Ăůů ŽĨ

ǇŽƵƌ ĂƉƉůŝĐĂƟŽŶ ƌĞƋƵŝƌĞŵĞŶƚƐ͊

ǁǁǁ͘ĂƵƚŽŵĂƟŽŶ24.com/ĚŝŶͲƌĂŝůͲŵŽƵŶƚĞĚͲƉŽǁĞƌͲƐƵƉƉůŝĞƐͲϮϰͲǀͲĚĐ

24% 4% %

Sales Sale es Discountt es Žī D^ZWΎ Žī ī D^ZWΎ

^ĂůĞƐ ^ĂůĞƐ ƉƌŝĐĞ Ψ

/ƚĞŵ ŶŽ͘

DĂŶƵĨĂĐƚƵƌĞƌ ĚĞƐŝŐŶĂƟŽŶ

dǇƉĞƐ

D^ZW Ψ

KƵƌ ƌĞŐƵůĂƌ ƉƌŝĐĞ Ψ

ϰϬϬϳϳϴ

1469480000

WZK K ϭϮϬt Ϯϰs ϱ K ϭϮϬt Ϯϰs ϱ

ϭϲϳ͘ϳϲ ϭϲϳ͘ϳϲ ϲϳ͘ϳϲ ϳ ϳϲ ϳ

ϭϰϮ͘ϲϬ ϭϰϮ͘ϲϬ ϰϮ͘ϲϬ Ϯ ϲϬ

ϭϮϳ͘ϱϬ

ϰϬϬϳϴϮ

1469490000

WZK K ϮϰϬt Ϯϰs ϭϬ

Ϯϱϴ͘ϵϲ ϱϴ͘ϵϲ ϴ͘ϵϲ ϵϲ

ϮϮϬ͘ϭϮ Ϭ ϭϮ Ϭ͘ϭϮ ϭϮ

ϭϵϲ͘ϴϭ

ϰϬϬϳϴϴ

1469510000

WZK K ϰϴϬt Ϯϰs ϮϬ

ϭϱ͘ϰϱ ϱ ϰϱ ϰϱ ϰϭϱ͘ϰϱ

ϱϯ͘ϭϰ ϯ ϭϰ ϭϰ ϯϱϯ͘ϭϰ

ϯϭϱ͘ϳϰ

ϰϬϬϳϵϭ

ϭϰϳϴϭϬϬϬϬϬ

WZK D y ϳϮt Ϯϰs ϯ

͘ϬϬ ϬϬ ϬϬ ϭϰϯ͘ϬϬ

ϱϱ ϱϱ ϭϮϭ͘ϱϱ

ϭϬϴ͘ϲϴ

ϰϬϬϳϴϳ

ϭϰϳϴϭϯϬϬϬϬ

WZK D y ϮϰϬt Ϯϰs ϭϬ

ϯϮ͘ϭϯ Ϯ ϭϯ ϭ ϯϯϮ͘ϭϯ

ϴϮ͘ϯϭ Ϯ ϯϭ ϮϴϮ͘ϯϭ

ϮϱϮ͘ϰϮ

ϰϬϮϱϯϲ

ϭϰϳϴϭϰϬϬϬϬ

WZK D y ϰϴϬt Ϯϰs ϮϬ

ϰϬ͘ϰϮ Ϭ ϰϮ ϰϮ ϱϰϬ͘ϰϮ

ϵ ϯϲ ϵ͘ϯϲ ϰϱϵ͘ϯϲ

ϰϬϮϱϯϳ

ϭϰϳϴϭϱϬϬϬϬ

WZK D y ϵϲϬt Ϯϰs ϰϬ

ϴϵ͘ϰϰ ϵ ϰϰ ϰϰ ϴϴϵ͘ϰϰ

ϱϲ͘Ϭϯ ϲ Ϭϯ ϳϱϲ͘Ϭϯ

ϰϭϬ͘ϳϮ ϲϳϱ͘ϵϳ

Ύ^ĂůĞƐ ƉƌŝĐŝŶŐ ƐƵďũĞĐƚ ƚŽ ƋƵĂŶƟƚǇ ƌĞƐƚƌŝĐƟŽŶƐ͘ sĂůŝĚ ƵŶƟů ϭϮͬϯϭͬϮϬϭϴ͘

ŽŶƚĂĐƚ͗ ŵĂŝůΛĂƵƚŽŵĂƟŽŶ24͘ĐŽŵ ͮ dĞĐŚŶŝĐĂů ƐƵƉƉŽƌƚ͗ нϭ ϴϬϬͲϮϱϬͲϲϳϳϮ ;ƚŽůůͲĨƌĞĞͿ Žƌ нϭ ϲϭϬͲϵϴϭͲϮϵϬϬ

Weidmüller ͫ WŽǁĞƌ ƐƵƉƉůŝĞƐ͕ ƚŽŽůƐ ĂŶĚ ƚĞƌŵŝŶĂů ďůŽĐŬƐ ƚŚĂƚ ŶĞǀĞƌ ƋƵŝƚ ͪ

^ƵƌŐĞ ƉƌŽƚĞĐƟŽŶ

9 WƌŽƚĞĐƟŽŶ ŽĨ ůŽǁ ǀŽůƚĂŐĞ ĚŝƐƚƌŝďƵƟŽŶƐ Žƌ ƉŚŽƚŽǀŽůƚĂŝĐ ŝŶƐƚĂůůĂƟŽŶƐ

9 ŽŵƉŽƐĞĚ ŽĨ d^ϯϱ /E ƌĂŝů ŵŽƵŶƚĂďůĞ ďĂƐĞ ĂŶĚ ƉůƵŐŐĂďůĞ ƌĞƉůĂĐĞĂďůĞ ĂƌƌĞƐƚĞƌ

9 /ŶŶŽǀĂƟǀĞ ĂŶĚ ĐŽŵƉĂĐƚ ŵŽĚƵůĞƐ͗ ŽŶůǇ ϭϴŵŵ ǁŝĚĞ

^ŝŐŶĂů ĐŽŶĚŝƟŽŶŝŶŐ

9 ZĞůŝĂďůĞ ĂŶĚ ĂĐĐƵƌĂƚĞ ƐŝŐŶĂů ĐŽŶǀĞƌƐŝŽŶ ĂŶĚ ŝƐŽůĂƟŽŶ 9 ^ƉĞĐŝĂů ĨĞĂƚƵƌĞƐ ƐƵĐŚ ĂƐ Ă Ɛůŝŵ Žƌ ŇĂƚ ĚĞƐŝŐŶ ĂŶĚ ƐŽŌǁĂƌĞ ĐŽŶĮŐƵƌĂďŝůŝƚǇ

ƚŚĞƌŶĞƚ ƐǁŝƚĐŚĞƐ

9 ǆƚĞŶƐŝǀĞ ĐŽŶƚƌŽů ŵĞĐŚĂŶŝƐŵƐ ĨŽƌ ĚĂƚĂ ĚŝƐƚƌŝďƵƟŽŶ ĂŶĚ ďĂŶĚǁŝĚƚŚ ŵĂŶĂŐĞŵĞŶƚ

9 ƵƚŽŵĂƟĐĂůůǇ ĂĚũƵƐƚ ƚŽ ĚŝīĞƌĞŶƚ ƚƌĂŶƐŵŝƐƐŝŽŶ ƐƉĞĞĚƐ Žƌ ĐŽŶŶĞĐƚŽƌ ǁŝƌŝŶŐ

9 ŽŶĮŐƵƌĂƟŽŶ ŝƐ ĞŝƚŚĞƌ ǁĞďͲďĂƐĞĚ Žƌ ǀŝĂ ŵĂŶĂŐĞŵĞŶƚ ƐŽŌǁĂƌĞ

9 hŶŵĂŶĂŐĞĚ ƐǁŝƚĐŚĞƐ ĚŽ ŶŽƚ ŶĞĞĚ ƚŽ ďĞ ĐŽŶĮŐƵƌĞĚ dĞƌŵŝŶĂů ďůŽĐŬƐ

9 ZŽďƵƐƚ ĂŶĚ ƌĞůŝĂďůĞ 9 ^ƉƌŝŶŐ ĐŽŶŶĞĐƟŽŶ ǁŝƚŚ ƉƵƐŚͲŝŶ Žƌ ƚĞŶƐŝŽŶ ĐůĂŵƉ ĐŽŶŶĞĐƟŽŶ 9 ^ĐƌĞǁ ĐůĂŵƉŝŶŐ ǇŽŬĞ ĐŽŶŶĞĐƟŽŶ Žƌ ƐƚƵĚ ĐŽŶŶĞĐƟŽŶ

dŚĞ ĐŽŵƉůĞƚĞ ůŝƐƚ ŽĨ tĞŝĚŵƺůůĞƌ ƉƌŽĚƵĐƚƐ͗ ǁǁǁ͘ĂƵƚŽŵĂƟŽŶ24.com/ǁĞŝĚŵƵůůĞƌ

Weidmüller

&ŝĞůĚ ǁŝƌĞĂďůĞƐ ĂŶĚ ǁŝƌŝŶŐ ďůŽĐŬƐ

9 Dϴ ĂŶĚ DϭϮ ǁŝƌŝŶŐ ďůŽĐŬƐ ĂǀĂŝůĂďůĞ 9 ZŽďƵƐƚ ĐƵƐƚŽŵŝǌĂďůĞ ƐŽĐŬĞƚƐ ĂŶĚ ƉůƵŐƐ

24% %

Sales Discount Žī D^ZWΎ

Žī ī D D^Z ZWΎ WΎ Sale es Dis Dis iscou count nt

/ŶŶŽǀĂƟǀĞ ĂŶĚ ƐƵƐƚĂŝŶĂďůĞ ŝŶĚƵƐƚƌŝĂů ĐŽŶŶĞĐƟǀŝƚǇ ƐŽůƵƟŽŶƐ ŝŶĚƵƐƚƌŝĂů ĐŽŶŶĞĐƟǀŝƚǇ ƐŽůƵƟŽŶƐ ĨŽƌ ƚŚĞ ďĞƐƚ ƉƌŝĐĞƐ Ăƚ ĂƵƚŽŵĂƟŽŶ24͘ĐŽŵ͊ ŚĞ ďĞƐƚ ƉƌŝĐĞƐ Ăƚ ĂƵƚŽŵĂƟŽŶ24͘ĐŽŵ͊

Ύ^ĂůĞƐ ƉƌŝĐŝŶŐ ƐƵďũĞĐƚ ƚŽ ƋƵĂŶƟƚǇ ƌĞƐƚƌŝĐƟŽŶƐ͘ sĂůŝĚ ƵŶƟů ϭϮͬϯϭͬϮϬϭϴ͘

ŽŶƚĂĐƚ͗ ŵĂŝůΛĂƵƚŽŵĂƟŽŶ24͘ĐŽŵ ͮ dĞĐŚŶŝĐĂů ƐƵƉƉŽƌƚ͗ нϭ ϴϬϬͲϮϱϬͲϲϳϳϮ ;ƚŽůůͲĨƌĞĞͿ Žƌ нϭ ϲϭϬͲϵϴϭͲϮϵϬϬ

ŝĨŵ ĞĨĞĐƚŽƌ

tŚǇ ŝĨŵ ĞĨĞĐƚŽƌ

ͫ ^ĞŶƐŽƌƐ ŵĂĚĞ ĞĂƐǇ ͪ

ͧ Ŷ ŝŶĚƵƐƚƌǇ ůĞĂĚ Ğƌ ŝŶ

ƐĞŶƐŽƌ ƚĞĐŚŶŽ ůŽŐǇ ǁŝƚŚ Ă ŐůŽďĂů Ɖ ƌĞƐĞŶĐĞ ͧ /ŶŶŽǀĂƟǀĞ ĂŶĚ ƌĞůŝĂďůĞ ƉƌŽĚƵĐ ƚƐ ͧ WƌŽĚƵĐƚƐ ǁŝƚŚ ƌŽ ďƵƐƚ ŚŽƵƐŝŶŐƐ͕ Ğ ĂƐǇ ƵƐĞƌ ŝŶƚĞƌĨĂĐĞƐ͕ ĂŶ Ě ŇĞǆŝďůĞ ŽƵƚƉƵ ƚ ŽƉƟŽŶƐ

ƵƚŽŵĂƟŽŶ24 ƉƌŽĚƵĐƚ ŽǀĞƌǀŝĞǁ ŽĨ ŝĨŵ ƐĞŶƐŽƌƐ tĞ ĚŝƐƚƌŝďƵƚĞ Ă ǁŝĚĞ ǀĂƌŝĞƚǇ ŽĨ ŝĨŵ ĞĨĞĐƚŽƌ ƐĞŶƐŽƌƐ ĂŶĚ ĐŽŶƚƌŽůƐ ĨƌŽŵ ƉƌŽĐĞƐƐ ĂŶĚ ƉŽƐŝƟŽŶ ƚŽ ŵŽŶŝƚŽƌ ƐĞŶƐŽƌƐ͘ tŚĞŶ ŝƚ ĐŽŵĞƐ ƚŽ ǇŽƵƌ ƐĞŶƐŽƌ ŶĞĞĚƐ͕ ƵƚŽŵĂƟŽŶϮϰ ŚĂƐ ŝƚ Ăůů͘

/ŶĚƵĐƟǀĞ ƐĞŶƐŽƌƐ

9 ĞƚĞĐƚ Ăůů ŵĞƚĂůƐ Ăƚ ĞǆƚĞŶĚĞĚ ƌĂŶŐĞƐ 9 ZĞƐŝƐƚĂŶƚ ƚŽ ĂŐŐƌĞƐƐŝǀĞ ŽŝůƐ ĂŶĚ ĐŽŽůĂŶƚƐ 9 ŽŵƉĂĐƚ ĚĞƐŝŐŶƐ ĨŽƌ ĞĂƐǇ ŵŽƵŶƟŶŐ 9 ,ŝŐŚͲƌĞƐŽůƵƟŽŶ ƌŝŶŐ ƐĞŶƐŽƌƐ ĂǀĂŝůĂďůĞ

ĂƉĂĐŝƟǀĞ ƐĞŶƐŽƌƐ

9 ĐĐƵƌĂƚĞ ůĞǀĞů ĚĞƚĞĐƟŽŶ ŽĨ ƐŽůŝĚƐ ĂŶĚ ůŝƋƵŝĚƐ 9 ĂƐǇ ƐĞƚ ƵƉ ǁŝƚŚ ĞůĞĐƚƌŽŶŝĐ ƚĞĂĐŚŝŶŐ ĨƵŶĐƟŽŶƐ 9 ^ŝŵƉůĞ ƉƵƐŚďƵƩŽŶ ƉƌŽŐƌĂŵŵŝŶŐ 9 ůĞĂƌ ǀŝƐŝďŝůŝƚǇ ŽĨ ƐǁŝƚĐŚŝŶŐ ƐƚĂƚƵƐ ǁŝƚŚ > ĚŝƐƉůĂǇƐ

WŚŽƚŽĞůĞĐƚƌŝĐ ƐĞŶƐŽƌƐ

9 ŽŵƉĂĐƚ͕ ƌŽďƵƐƚ ĂŶĚ ƉŽǁĞƌĨƵů 9 ^ŵĂůů ůŝŐŚƚ ƐƉŽƚ ĨŽƌ ƉƌĞĐŝƐĞ ĚĞƚĞĐƟŽŶ ŽĨ ƐŵĂůů ŽďũĞĐƚƐ 9 ZĞůŝĂďůĞ ďĂĐŬŐƌŽƵŶĚ ƐƵƉƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶ ƚŽ ĂǀŽŝĚ ĨĂůƐĞ ƚƌŝŐŐĞƌƐ

dŚĞ ĐŽŵƉůĞƚĞ ůŝƐƚ ŽĨ ŝĨŵ ĞĨĞĐƚŽƌ ƉƌŽĚƵĐƚƐ͗ ǁǁǁ͘ĂƵƚŽŵĂƟŽŶ24.com/ŝĨŵ

dŚĞ Kϲ ƐĞƌŝĞƐ ĨŽƌ ƚŚĞ ŚĂƌƐŚĞƐƚ ĞŶǀŝƌŽŶŵĞŶƚƐ ĨƌŽŵ ŝĨŵ ĞĨĞĐƚŽƌ 9 ĚĂƉƚƐ ƚŽ ĐŚĂŶŐŝŶŐ ĞŶǀŝƌŽŶŵĞŶƚƐ ƉƌŽǀŝĚŝŶŐ ŚŝŐŚ ŽƉƟĐĂů ƉĞƌĨŽƌŵĂŶĐĞ

9 /Wϲϵ< ƉƌŽƚĞĐƟŽŶ ƌĂƟŶŐ ĂŶĚ K> ĐĞƌƟĮĞĚ 9 ZŽďƵƐƚ ƐƚĂŝŶůĞƐƐͲƐƚĞĞů ŚŽƵƐŝŶŐ ĂŶĚ ƐŚĂƩĞƌƉƌŽŽĨ WDD ƐĞŶƐŝŶŐ ǁŝŶĚŽǁ

dǁŽ ŚŝŐŚůǇ ǀŝƐŝďůĞ > Ɛ ĨŽƌ ƉŽǁĞƌ ĂŶĚ 9 dǁŽ ŚŝŐŚůǇ ǀŝƐŝďůĞ > Ɛ ĨŽƌ ƉŽǁĞƌ ĂŶĚ ƐǁŝƚĐŚŝŶŐ ƐƚĂƚƵƐ

ǁǁǁ͘ĂƵƚŽŵĂƟŽŶ24.com/ƉŚŽƚŽĞůĞĐƚƌŝĐͲƐĞŶƐŽƌƐ

24% 4% %

Sales Sale es Discountt es Žī D^ZWΎ Žī ī D^ZWΎ

/ƚĞŵ ŶŽ͘

DĂŶƵĨĂĐƚƵƌĞƌ DĂŶƵĨĂĐƚƵƌĞƌ ĚĞƐŝŐŶĂƟŽŶ

ϭϬϭϲϮϴ

Kϲ,ϯϬϬ

ϰϬϬϯϲϮ

Kϲ,ϯϬϭ

ϰϬϬϰϮϱ ϰϬϬϰϬϬ

^ĂůĞƐ ^ĂůĞƐ ƉƌŝĐĞ Ψ

ZĂŶŐĞ ;ŵŵͿ

D^ZW Ψ

KƵƌ ƌĞŐƵůĂƌ KƵƌ ƌĞŐƵůĂƌ ƉƌŝĐĞ Ψ

ŝīƵƐĞ ƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶ ƐĞŶƐŽƌ ǁŝƚŚ ďĂĐŬŐƌŽƵŶĚ ƐƵƉƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶ ŝīƵƐĞ ƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶ ƐĞŶƐŽƌ ǁŝƚŚ ďĂĐŬŐƌŽƵŶĚ ƐƵƉƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶ

Ϯ͘͘͘ϮϬϬ

ϭϭϱ͘ϬϬ ϭϱ͘ϬϬ ϱ ϬϬ ϬϬ

ϵϳ͘ϳϱ ϳ͘ϳϱ ͘ϳϱ ϳϱ

ϴϳ͘ϰϬ

2…200

ϱ͘ϬϬ ϱ͘ϬϬ ϬϬ ϭϭϱ͘ϬϬ

ϳ͘ϳϱ ϳϱ ϳϱ ϵϳ͘ϳϱ

ϴϳ͘ϰϬ

KϲdϯϬϭ

ŝīƵƐĞ ƌĞŇĞĐƟŽŶ ƐĞŶƐŽƌ

ϱ͘͘͘ϱϬϬ

ϴ͘ϬϬ ϴ͘ϬϬ ϵϴ͘ϬϬ

ϯ͘ϯϬ ͘ϯϬ ϯϬ ϴϯ͘ϯϬ

ϳϰ͘ϰϴ

KϲWϯϬϭ

ZĞƚƌŽͲƌĞŇĞĐƟǀĞ ƐĞŶƐŽƌ ǁŝƚŚ ƉŽůĂƌŝǌĂƟŽŶ ĮůƚĞƌ

ϱϬ͘͘͘ϱϬϬϬ

͘ϬϬ ϬϬ ϬϬ ϭϬϮ͘ϬϬ

ϳϬ Ϭ ϴϲ͘ϳϬ

ϳϳ͘ϱϮ

Type

Ύ^ĂůĞƐ ƉƌŝĐŝŶŐ ƐƵďũĞĐƚ ƚŽ ƋƵĂŶƟƚǇ ƌĞƐƚƌŝĐƟŽŶƐ͘ sĂůŝĚ ƵŶƟů ϭϮͬϯϭͬϮϬϭϴ͘

ŽŶƚĂĐƚ͗ ŵĂŝůΛĂƵƚŽŵĂƟŽŶ24͘ĐŽŵ ͮ dĞĐŚŶŝĐĂů ƐƵƉƉŽƌƚ͗ нϭ ϴϬϬͲϮϱϬͲϲϳϳϮ ;ƚŽůůͲĨƌĞĞͿ Žƌ нϭ ϲϭϬͲϵϴϭͲϮϵϬϬ

ϭϯ

W/ ^ĞƌŝĞƐ ʹ WƌĞƐƐƵƌĞ ƐĞŶƐŽƌƐ ƐĞŶƐŽƌƐ ƚŚĂƚ ůĂƐƚ ƚǁŝĐĞ ĂƐ ůŽŶŐ ĂƐ ŽŶŐ ĂƐ ĞƐ͊ ŵĞĐŚĂŶŝĐĂů ƐǁŝƚĐŚĞƐ͊ ĨƌŽŵ ŝĨŵ ĞĨĞĐƚŽƌ ĞƐƐͲƐƚĞĞů ŚŽƵƐŝŶŐ 9 ŽŵƉůĞƚĞůǇ ǁĞůĚĞĚ ϯϭϲ ƐƚĂŝŶůĞƐƐͲƐƚĞĞů ŚŽƵƐŝŶŐ ǁŝƚŚ ŶŽ ŵŽǀŝŶŐ ƉĂƌƚƐ

ĞƐ ǁŝƌŝŶŐ ĂŶĚ ĞĂƐŝůǇ 9 dǁŽͲǁŝƌĞ ůŽŽƉ ƉŽǁĞƌ ƐŝŵƉůŝĮĞƐ ǁŝƌŝŶŐ ĂŶĚ ĞĂƐŝůǇ ƌĞƚƌŽĮƚƐ ƉƌĞƐƐƵƌĞ ƚƌĂŶƐŵŝƩĞƌƐƐ

ĂŶĚ ĞĂƐǇ ƐĞƚ ƵƉ 9 ^ŝŵƉůĞ ƉƵƐŚďƵƩŽŶƐ ĨŽƌ ƋƵŝĐŬ ĂŶĚ ĞĂƐǇ ƐĞƚ ƵƉ Ě ĂĚĂƉƚĞƌƐ ĂŶĚ ĮƫŶŐƐ 9 ŽŶŶĞĐƚƐ ƚŽ ŝŶĚƵƐƚƌǇ ƐƚĂŶĚĂƌĚ ĂĚĂƉƚĞƌƐ ĂŶĚ ĮƫŶŐƐ ĞƐ ĂĐĐƵƌĂƚĞ ƉƌĞƐƐƵƌĞ ĚĞƚĞĐƟŽŶ 9 ĞƌĂŵŝĐ ŵĞĂƐƵƌŝŶŐ ĐĞůů ĞŶƐƵƌĞƐ ĂĐĐƵƌĂƚĞ ƉƌĞƐƐƵƌĞ ĚĞƚĞĐƟŽŶ

ǁǁǁ͘ĂƵƚŽŵĂƟŽŶ24.com/ƉƌĞƐƐƵƌĞͲƐĞŶƐŽƌƐ

18% %

Sales Discount Žī D^ZWΎ

^ĂůĞƐ ƉƌŝĐĞ Ψ

/ƚĞŵ ŶŽ͘

DĂŶƵĨĂĐƚƵƌĞƌ ĚĞƐŝŐŶĂƟŽŶ

DĞĂƐƵƌŝŶŐ ƌĂŶŐĞ

D^ZW Ψ

KƵƌ ƌĞŐƵůĂƌ ƉƌŝĐĞ Ψ

ϭϬϬϯϱϲ

W/Ϯϳϴϵ

Ͳϱ͘͘͘ϭϬϬ ŵďĂƌ

ϱϴϳ͘ϬϬ ϴϳ ϬϬ

ϰϵϴ͘ϵϱ ϵϴ͘ϵϱ ϴ ϵϱ ϵ

ϰϴϭ͘ϯϰ

ϭϬϬϯϱϳ

W/Ϯϳϵϯ

Ͳϭ͘͘͘Ϯϱ ďĂƌ

ϱϴϳ͘ϬϬ ϴ ϬϬ ϴϳ͘ϬϬ

ϰϵϴ͘ϵϱ ϵϴ͘ϵϱ ϴ͘ϵ ϵϱ ϱ

ϰϴϭ͘ϯϰ

ϭϬϬϯϱϴ

W/Ϯϳϵϰ

Ͳϭ͘͘͘ϭϬ ďĂƌ

ϱϴϳ͘ϬϬ ϴϳ ϬϬ ϴϳ͘ϬϬ

ϰϵϴ͘ϵϱ ϵϴ͘ϵϱ ϴϵ ϵϱ ϱ

ϰϴϭ͘ϯϰ

ϭϬϬϯϱϵ

W/Ϯϳϵϱ

Ͳϭ͘͘͘ϰ ďĂƌ

ϱϴϳ͘ϬϬ ϳ͘ϬϬ ϬϬ Ϭ Ϭ

ϰϵϴ͘ϵϱ ͘ϵϱ ϵϱ ϵ ϱ

ϰϴϭ͘ϯϰ

ϭϬϬϯϲϬ

W/Ϯϳϵϲ

ͲϬ͘ϭϮϰ͘͘͘Ϯ͘ϱ ďĂƌ

ϱϴϳ͘ϬϬ ϴϳ͘ϬϬ ϴ ϳ ϬϬ

ϰϵϴ͘ϵϱ ϵϴ͘ϵϱ ϴϵ ϵϱ ϱ

ϰϴϭ͘ϯϰ

ϭϬϬϯϲϭ

W/Ϯϳϵϳ

ͲϱϬ͘͘͘ϭ͕ϬϬϬ ŵďĂƌ

ϱϴϳ͘ϬϬ ϳ͘ϬϬ ϬϬ Ϭ Ϭ

ϰϵϴ͘ϵϱ ϴ͘ϵϱ ͘ϵϱ

ϭϬϬϯϲϮ

W/Ϯϳϵϴ

ͲϭϮ͘ϰ͘͘͘ϮϱϬ ŵďĂƌ

ϱϴϳ͘ϬϬ ϴϳ͘ϬϬ ϴ ϳ ϬϬ

ϰϵϴ͘ϵϱ ϵϴ͘ϵϱ ϴϵ ϵϱ ϱ

ϰϴϭ͘ϯϰ ϰϴϭ͘ϯϰ

Ύ^ĂůĞƐ ƉƌŝĐŝŶŐ ƐƵďũĞĐƚ ƚŽ ƋƵĂŶƟƚǇ ƌĞƐƚƌŝĐƟŽŶƐ͘ sĂůŝĚ ƵŶƟů ϭϮͬϯϭͬϮϬϭϴ͘

dŚĞ ĐŽŵƉůĞƚĞ ůŝƐƚ ŽĨ ŝĨŵ ĞĨĞĐƚŽƌ ƉƌŽĚƵĐƚƐ͗ ǁǁǁ͘ĂƵƚŽŵĂƟŽŶ24.com/ŝĨŵ

ŝĨŵ ĞĨĞĐƚŽƌ ͫ ^ĞŶƐŽƌƐ ŵĂĚĞ ĞĂƐǇ ͪ

dĞŵƉĞƌĂƚƵƌĞ ƐĞŶƐŽƌƐ ͬ dĞŵƉĞƌĂƚƵƌĞ ŵŽŶŝƚŽƌƐ ͬ Zd Ɛ

9 WůƵŐͲĂŶĚͲƉůĂǇ ƐĞƚƵƉ 9 KŶĞͲƉŝĞĐĞ ƵŶŝƚƐ ƚŚĂƚ ƐƵƉƉůǇ Ăůů ŶĞĐĞƐƐĂƌǇ ĐŽŵƉŽŶĞŶƚƐ 9 ĐĐƵƌĂƚĞ ĂŶĚ ƉƌĞĐŝƐĞ ŵĞĂƐƵƌĞŵĞŶƚƐ

&ůŽǁ ƐĞŶƐŽƌƐ ͬ &ůŽǁ ŵĞƚĞƌƐ

9 ^ƚĂŝŶůĞƐƐͲƐƚĞĞů ĐŽŵƉŽŶĞŶƚƐ ĨŽƌ ůŝƋƵŝĚ ĂŶĚ ŐĂƐ ŵĞĚŝĂ ĂƉƉůŝĐĂƟŽŶƐ

9 ǀĂŝůĂďůĞ ŝŶ ĐŽŵƉĂĐƚ ƐĞůĨͲĐŽŶƚĂŝŶĞĚ ŚŽƵƐŝŶŐ Žƌ ŝŶ Ă ƚǁŽͲƉŝĞĐĞ ĚĞƐŝŐŶ ĨŽƌ ƌĞŵŽƚĞ ŵŽƵŶƟŶŐ

9 >ĂƌŐĞƌ Ϯ͟ ƉŝƉĞ ĚŝĂŵĞƚĞƌ ǀŽůƵŵĞƚƌŝĐ ŇŽǁ ŵĞƚĞƌƐ ĂǀĂŝůĂďůĞ

WƌĞƐƐƵƌĞ ƐĞŶƐŽƌƐ

9 ^ůĞĞŬ ĐŽŵƉĂĐƚ ĚĞƐŝŐŶƐ ĂŶĚ ďƌŝŐŚƚ > Ɛ ĨŽƌ ĞĂƐǇ ǀŝƐŝďŝůŝƚǇ 9 ǀĂŝůĂďůĞ ǁŝƚŚ ĂŶĂůŽŐ ĂŶĚ ƐǁŝƚĐŚŝŶŐ ŽƵƚƉƵƚ 9 KƉƟŽŶƐ ĨŽƌ ŚǇĚƌĂƵůŝĐ͕ ƉŶĞƵŵĂƟĐ ĂŶĚ ŽƚŚĞƌ ŝŶĚƵƐƚƌŝĂů ƉƌĞƐƐƵƌĞ ƐĞŶƐŝŶŐ ĂƉƉůŝĐĂƟŽŶƐ

>ĞǀĞů ƐĞŶƐŽƌƐ

9 ŝƌĞĐƚ ĂŶĚ ŶŽŶͲĐŽŶƚĂĐƚ ůĞǀĞů ŵĞĂƐƵƌĞŵĞŶƚ 9 ŽŶƟŶƵŽƵƐ ůĞǀĞů ĚĞƚĞĐƟŽŶ ĨŽƌ ŚĂƌƐŚ ĂƉƉůŝĐĂƟŽŶƐ ĂǀĂŝůĂďůĞ 9 ĐŚŽ ƟŵĞͲŽĨͲŇŝŐŚƚ ŵĞĂƐƵƌŝŶŐ ƉƌŝŶĐŝƉůĞ ƵƐŝŶŐ ŐƵŝĚĞĚ ǁĂǀĞ ƌĂĚĂƌ ƚĞĐŚŶŽůŽŐǇ

9 WŽŝŶƚ ůĞǀĞů ƐĞŶƐŽƌƐ ƚŚĂƚ ŝŐŶŽƌĞ ĨŽĂŵ ĂŶĚ ĚĞƉŽƐŝƚ ďƵŝůĚͲƵƉ

ŽŶƚĂĐƚ͗ ŵĂŝůΛĂƵƚŽŵĂƟŽŶ24͘ĐŽŵ ͮ dĞĐŚŶŝĐĂů ƐƵƉƉŽƌƚ͗ нϭ ϴϬϬͲϮϱϬͲϲϳϳϮ ;ƚŽůůͲĨƌĞĞͿ Žƌ нϭ ϲϭϬͲϵϴϭͲϮϵϬϬ

ŝĨŵ ĞĨĞĐƚŽƌ ͫ ^ĞŶƐŽƌƐ ŵĂĚĞ ĞĂƐǇ ͪ

>ĂƐĞƌ ĚŝƐƚĂŶĐĞ ƐĞŶƐŽƌƐ

9 dŝŵĞͲŽĨͲŇŝŐŚƚ ƚĞĐŚŶŽůŽŐǇ ƉƌŽǀŝĚĞƐ ĞǆĐĞůůĞŶƚ ĂĐĐƵƌĂĐǇ͕ ƌĞƉĞĂƚĂďŝůŝƚǇ ĂŶĚ ƌĞĂĐƟŽŶ ƟŵĞ

9 ĞůŝǀĞƌƐ ƌĞĂůͲƟŵĞ ĚĂƚĂ ǀŝĂ /KͲ>ŝŶŬ 9 ^ŵĂůů ďĞĂŵ ƐŝǌĞ ƚŽ ĚĞƚĞĐƚ ƟŶǇ Žƌ ƚŚŝŶ ŽďũĞĐƚƐ

ǇůŝŶĚĞƌ ƐĞŶƐŽƌƐ

9 WƌĞĐŝƐĞ ƉŽƐŝƟŽŶ ĚĞƚĞĐƟŽŶ ŽŶ ĐǇůŝŶĚĞƌƐ ǀŝĂ ĐŽŵƉĂĐƚ ƐĞŶƐŽƌ 9 ,ŝŐŚ ƐǁŝƚĐŚŝŶŐ ĨƌĞƋƵĞŶĐŝĞƐ ĂŶĚ ŵĞĐŚĂŶŝĐĂůůǇ ƌŽďƵƐƚ 9 hŶůŝŵŝƚĞĚ ŶƵŵďĞƌ ŽĨ ĐǇĐůĞƐ ĞǆƚĞŶĚƐ ůŝĨĞ ŝŶ ĂƉƉůŝĐĂƟŽŶ

sŝďƌĂƟŽŶ ƐĞŶƐŽƌƐ

9 WƌĞĚŝĐƟǀĞ ŵĂŝŶƚĞŶĂŶĐĞ ƚŽŽů ƚŽ ŚĞůƉ ƉƌĞǀĞŶƚ ŵĂĐŚŝŶĞ ĚĂŵĂŐĞ

9 ZĞĚƵĐĞƐ ƵŶƉůĂŶŶĞĚ ĚŽǁŶ ƟŵĞ 9 ĂƐǇ ĂĚũƵƐƚŵĞŶƚ ǀŝĂ ƚǁŽ ƐĞƫŶŐ ƌŝŶŐƐ ĂůůŽǁŝŶŐ Ž ƉƟŵƵŵ ƌĞĂĚͲŽƵƚ

^ƉĞĞĚ ŵŽŶŝƚŽƌŝŶŐ

9 ǀĂůƵĂƟŽŶ ŽĨ ƉƵůƐĞ ƐĞƋƵĞŶĐĞƐ ŵŽŶŝƚŽƌŝŶŐ ŽǀĞƌ ĂŶĚ ƵŶĚĞƌ ƐƉĞĞĚ

9 WƵůƐĞ ŽƵƚƉƵƚ ĂůůŽǁƐ ĞǆƚĞƌŶĂů ĞǀĂůƵĂƟŽŶ ŽĨ ƐŝŐŶĂů 9 ,ŝŐŚ ƐǁŝƚĐŚŝŶŐ ĨƌĞƋƵĞŶĐǇ ĞŶĂďůĞƐ ĐŽŵƉĂƟďŝůŝƚǇ ǁŝƚŚ ŚŝŐŚ ƐƉĞĞĚ ŵŽƚŽƌ ĂƉƉůŝĐĂƟŽŶƐ

dŚĞ ĐŽŵƉůĞƚĞ ůŝƐƚ ŽĨ ŝĨŵ ĞĨĞĐƚŽƌ ƉƌŽĚƵĐƚƐ͗ ǁǁǁ͘ĂƵƚŽŵĂƟŽŶ24.com/ŝĨŵ

ŝĨŵ ĞĨĞĐƚŽƌ

/ŶĐƌĞŵĞŶƚĂů ĞŶĐŽĚĞƌƐ

9 WĞƌĨŽƌŵƐ ĂƐ ĂŶ ĞŶĐŽĚĞƌ͕ ĐŽƵŶƚĞƌ Žƌ ƐƉĞĞĚͬĚŝƌĞĐƟŽŶ ŵŽŶŝƚŽƌ

9 DĂŐŶĞƟĐ ƐĞŶƐŝŶŐ ƉƌŝŶĐŝƉůĞ ĐŽŵďŝŶĞƐ ĂĐĐƵƌĂĐǇ͕ ƐƉĞĞĚ ĂŶĚ ƌŽďƵƐƚŶĞƐƐ

9 WƌŽŐƌĂŵŵĂďůĞ ƌĞƐŽůƵƟŽŶ ĨƌŽŵ ϭ ƚŽ ϭϬ͕ϬϬϬ ƉƵůƐĞƐ ƉĞƌ ƌĞǀŽůƵƟŽŶ

ŽŶŶĞĐƟŽŶ ƚĞĐŚŶŽůŽŐǇ

9 Dϴ͕ DϭϮ͕ DŝĐƌŽ ƐĞŶƐŽƌ ĂŶĚ ĐŽŶŶĞĐƟŽŶ ĐĂďůĞƐ ĂǀĂŝůĂďůĞ 9 / ŶŶŽǀĂƟǀĞ ĐŽůŝŶŬ ƌĂƚĐŚĞƟŶŐ ůŽĐŬŝŶŐ ƐǇƐƚĞŵ ĨŽƌ ŚŝŐŚĞƐƚ ƉƌŽƚĞĐƟŽŶ ƌĂƟŶŐƐ

9 ,ŝŐŚ ƋƵĂůŝƚǇ ŵĂƚĞƌŝĂůƐ ĨŽƌ ĞǆƚĞŶĚĞĚ ƉƌŽĚƵĐƚ ůŝĨĞ

up to

dŚĞ ĞŶƟƌĞ ǁŽƌůĚ ŽĨ ƉƌŽĐĞƐƐ ƐĞŶƐŽƌƐ͗ ƌĞĂĚŝůǇ ĂǀĂŝůĂďůĞ Ăƚ ĂƵƚŽŵĂƟŽŶ24͘ĐŽŵ͊ ĨƌŽŵ ŝĨŵ ĞĨĞĐƚŽƌ

24% Sales Discount Žī D^ZWΎ

Žī ī D^Z ZWΎ Saale es Dis es i co count

Ύ^ĂůĞƐ ƉƌŝĐŝŶŐ ƐƵďũĞĐƚ ƚŽ ƋƵĂŶƟƚǇ ƌĞƐƚƌŝĐƟŽŶƐ͘ sĂůŝĚ ƵŶƟů ϭϮͬϯϭͬϮϬϭϴ͘

ŽŶƚĂĐƚ͗ ŵĂŝůΛĂƵƚŽŵĂƟŽŶ24͘ĐŽŵ ͮ dĞĐŚŶŝĐĂů ƐƵƉƉŽƌƚ͗ нϭ ϴϬϬͲϮϱϬͲϲϳϳϮ ;ƚŽůůͲĨƌĞĞͿ Žƌ нϭ ϲϭϬͲϵϴϭͲϮϵϬϬ

ϭϳ

ŵŝĐƌŽƐŽŶŝĐ ͫ hůƚƌĂƐŽŶŝĐ ĞǆƉĞƌƟƐĞ ƚŚĂƚ ŐŝǀĞƐ ǇŽƵ Ă ŚĞĂĚ ƐƚĂƌƚ «

tŚǇ ŵŝĐƌŽƐŽŶŝ

Đ͍

ͧ W ƌŽǀĞŶ ƵůƚƌĂƐŽ ŶŝĐ Ɛ

ĞŶƐŽƌƐ Ăƚ ƚŚĞ ď ĞƐƚ

ƉƌŝĐĞƐ

ͧ ĂŶ ŽƉĞƌĂƚĞ ǁŝƚŚ

ŽƵƚ ĂŶǇ ĐŽŶƚĂĐ ƚ ǁŝƚŚ ĞĂƐƵƌĞĚ

ŽďũĞĐƚƐ ďĞŝŶŐ ŵ

ͧ ĞůŝǀĞƌ ŵĂǆŝŵƵŵ

ƵƚŽŵĂƟŽŶ24 ƉƌŽĚƵĐƚ ŽǀĞƌǀŝĞǁ ŽĨ ŵŝĐƌŽƐŽŶŝĐ

ƉƌŽĚƵĐƚ ƋƵĂůŝƚ Ǉ ĂŶĚ ĐŽŵƉĂĐƚ ƐŽůƵƟŽ ŶƐ

Ultrasonic sensors from microsonic allow ǇŽƵ ƚŽ ƉŽƐŝƟŽŶ ƉƌŽĚƵĐƚƐ ƌĞůŝĂďůǇ͕ ĚĞƚĞĐƚ ŽďũĞĐƚƐ͕ ŵĞĂƐƵƌĞ ƐƵďƐƚĂŶĐĞ ůĞǀĞůƐ͕ ĂŶĚ ŵŽƌĞ͘ tĞ ƌĞĐŽŵŵĞŶĚ ƚŚĞ ƐĞŶƐŽƌƐ ĨƌŽŵ ƚŚĞ ƵůƚƌĂƐŽŶŝĐ ƐƉĞĐŝĂůŝƐƚ ŵŝĐƌŽƐŽŶŝĐ͘

ŵŝĐн ƵůƚƌĂƐŽŶŝĐ ƐĞŶƐŽƌƐ

ZŽďƵƐƚ ĚŝƐƚĂŶĐĞ ŵĞĂƐƵƌĞŵĞŶƚ ĨƌŽŵ ϮϬ ŵŵ ƚŽ ϲ ŵ Ğ Ŷƚ ĨƌŽ ĞŵĞŶƚ Žŵ Žŵ ŵ ϮϬ ŵ Ϭ ŵ ŵŵ ŵ ƚŽ ϲ Ž ϲ ϲ ŵ ϲ ŵ ĐƟŽ ĐƟ ƟŽŶ ŽĨ Ă ǀĂƌ Ɵ Ž ǀĂƌŝĞƚǇ ǀĂƌŝ Ǉ 9 ŽŶƟŶƵŽƵƐ ĂŶĚ ƌĞůŝĂďůĞ ĚĞƚĞĐƟŽŶ ŽĨ Ă ǀĂƌŝĞƚǇ ů ůƐ ŽĨ ŽďũĞĐƚƐ ĂŶĚ ƐƵďƐƚĂŶĐĞ ůĞǀĞůƐ

9 KƉĞƌĂƚĞ ƵƉ ƚŽ ƚĞŶ ƐĞŶƐŽƌƐ

ƐůǇǇ ŝŶ ĐůŽƐĞ ƋƵĂƌƚĞƌƐ ƐŝŵƵůƚĂŶĞŽƵƐůǇ

ŵƉĞƌĂ ƌĂƚƵƌĞ 9 ƋƵŝƉƉĞĚ ǁŝƚŚ ŝŶƚĞŐƌĂƚĞĚ ƚĞŵƉĞƌĂƚƵƌĞ

ĐŽŵƉĞŶƐĂƟŽŶ

ŶĚ 9 ĂƐŝůǇ ƌĞĂĚĂďůĞ > ĚŝƐƉůĂǇƐ ĂŶĚ ƵƌĞ ƐĞůĨͲĞǆƉůĂŶĂƚŽƌǇ ŵĞŶƵ ƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞ

ǁǁǁ͘ĂƵƚŽŵĂƟŽŶ24.com/ƵůƚƌĂƐŽŶŝĐͲƐĞŶƐŽƌƐ m//Ƶů ƵůƚƌĂƐŽŶ ƵůƚƌĂƐŽ ƵůƚƌĂƐŽŶŝ ŶŝĐ Ŷ ŝŝĐĐͲƐĞŶƐŽƌƐ

24% %

Sales Discount Žī D^ZWΎ

^ĂůĞƐ ƉƌŝĐĞ Ψ

/ƚĞŵ ŶŽ͘

DĂŶƵĨĂĐƚƵƌĞƌ ĚĞƐŝŐŶĂƟŽŶ

Type

ZĂŶŐĞ

D^ZW Ψ

KƵƌ ƌĞŐƵůĂƌ ƌ ƉƌŝĐĞ Ψ

ϭϬϮϬϬϵ

ůĐƐнϯϰϬͬ

^ƋƵĂƌĞͲƐŚĂƉĞĚ

ϯϱϬͲϯϰϬϬ ŵŵ

ϯϭϬ͘ϭϬ ϭϬ ϭϬ

Ϯϲϯ͘ϱϵ ϲϯ͘ϱϵ ϯ ϱϵ ϱ

Ϯϯϱ͘ϲϴ

ϭϬϬϰϬϯ

ŵŝĐнϭϯϬͬ ͬd

ǇůŝŶĚƌŝĐĂů DϯϬ

ϮϬϬͲϭϯϬϬ ŵŵ

Ϯϯϯ͘ϲϰ ϯ ϲϰ ϯϯ͘ϲϰ

ϭϵϴ͘ϱϵ ϵϴ͘ϱϵ ϴ͘ϱϵ ϱϵ

ϭϳϳ͘ϱϳ

ϭϬϬϰϬϭ

ŵŝĐнϮϱͬ ͬd

ǇůŝŶĚƌŝĐĂů DϯϬ

ϯϬͲϮϱϬ ŵŵ

Ϯϯϯ͘ϲϰ ϯϯ ϲϰ ϯϯ͘ϲϰ

ϭϵϴ͘ϱϵ ϵϴ͘ϱϵ ϴ ϱϵ ϱϵ

ϭϳϳ͘ϱϳ

ϭϬϬϰϬϰ

ŵŝĐнϯϰϬͬ ͬd

ǇůŝŶĚƌŝĐĂů DϯϬ

ϯϱϬͲϯϰϬϬ ŵŵ

Ϯ͘Ϭϱ Ϭϱ Ϭ ϱ ϮϱϮ͘Ϭϱ

͘Ϯϰ Ϯϰ Ϯϰ Ϯϭϰ͘Ϯϰ

ϭϵϭ͘ϱϲ

ϭϬϬϰϮϯ

ƉŝĐŽнϭϬϬͬt<ͬ&

Dϭϴ ǁŝƚŚ ϵϬΣ ĂŶŐůĞĚ ŚĞĂĚ

120-1000 mm

ϮϯϮ͘ϮϮ ϯϮ ϮϮ ϯϮ͘ϮϮ

ϭϵϳ͘ϯϵ ϵϳ͘ϯϵ ϳ ϯϵ ϯϵ

ϭϳϲ͘ϰϵ

Ύ^ĂůĞƐ ƉƌŝĐŝŶŐ ƐƵďũĞĐƚ ƚŽ ƋƵĂŶƟƚǇ ƌĞƐƚƌŝĐƟŽŶƐ͘ sĂůŝĚ ƵŶƟů ϭϮͬϯϭͬϮϬϭϴ͘

dŚĞ ĐŽŵƉůĞƚĞ ůŝƐƚ ŽĨ ŵŝĐƌŽƐŽŶŝĐ ƉƌŽĚƵĐƚƐ͗ ǁǁǁ͘ĂƵƚŽŵĂƟŽŶ24.com/ŵŝĐƌŽƐŽŶŝĐ

ƉŵĚƚĞĐŚŶŽůŽŐŝĞƐ ͫ tŽƌůĚͲĐůĂƐƐ ϯ ĚĞƉƚŚ ƐĞŶƐŝŶŐ ͨ

ƵƚŽŵĂƟŽŶ24 ƉƌŽĚƵĐƚ ŽǀĞƌǀŝĞǁ ŽĨ ϯ ƐĞŶƐŽƌƐ

tŚǇ ƉŵĚƚĞĐŚŶ ŽůŽŐŝĞƐ͍ ͧ / ŶŶŽǀĂƟǀĞ ϯ ƚĞ ĐŚŶŽ

ůŽŐǇ ƚŚĂƚ ĞŶŚĂŶ ĐĞƐ ŐƌŽƵŶĚďƌĞĂŬŝŶ Ő ĂƉƉůŝĐĂƟŽŶƐ ͧ > ĞĂĚŝŶŐ / ƐƵƉƉ ůŝĞƌ ĨŽƌ ƟŵĞͲŽĨ ͲŇŝŐŚƚ ;dŽ&Ϳ ŝŵĂŐĞ ƐĞŶƐŽƌƐ ͧ / ŵĂŐĞƐ ŵĞĞƚ ƚŚĞ ŚŝŐŚĞƐƚ ƐƉĞĐŝĮ ĐĂƟŽŶƐ ŝŶ ƚĞƌŵƐ ŽĨ ƐƚĂďŝůŝƚ Ǉ͕ ŝŶƚĞŐƌĂƚĞĚ ĨƵ ŶĐƟŽŶĂůŝƚǇ ĂŶĚ ĞĸĐŝĞŶĐǇ

ƉŵĚƚĞĐŚŶŽůŽŐŝĞƐ ŽīĞƌƐ ƉŽǁĞƌĨƵů ĚĞǀĞůŽƉŵĞŶƚ ŬŝƚƐ ŝŶ ƚŚĞ ĮĞůĚ ŽĨ ϯ ĚĞƉƚŚ measurement for everyone. ǆƉůŽƌĞ ϯ ĚĞǀĞůŽƉŵĞŶƚ ŬŝƚƐ ĨƌŽŵ ƚŚĞ ǁŽƌůĚ ůĞĂĚĞƌ ŝŶ ƟŵĞͲŽĨͲŇŝŐŚƚ ;dŽ&Ϳ ϯ ƐĞŶƐŽƌƐ͘

tŽƌů Ě ĐůĂƐƐ ϯ ĚĞƉƚŚ ƐĞŶƐŝŶŐ ĚĞǀĞůŽƉŵĞŶƚ ŬŝƚƐ ĨŽƌ ĞǀĞƌǇŽŶĞ͊ ϯ ƐĞŶƐŽƌƐ ĨƌŽŵ ƉŵĚƚĞĐŚŶŽůŽŐŝĞƐ ƚĞ ĞĐ ĞĐŚŶŽůŽŐŝĞƐ

9 ZŽďƵƐƚ͕ ƉƌĞĐŝƐĞ ĂŶĚ ĐŽƐƚͲĞĸĐŝĞŶƚ 9 ZĞǀŽůƵƟŽŶĂƌǇ ƟŵĞ ŽĨ ŇŝŐŚƚ ϯ DK^ ŝŵĂŐĞ ƐĞŶƐŝŶŐ ƚĞĐŚŶŽůŽŐǇ

9 / ŶƚĞŐƌĂƚĞƐ ĚĞƉƚŚ ƐĞŶƐŝŶŐ ƐǇƐƚĞŵƐ ŝŶƚŽ ŶĞǁ ƉƌŽĚƵĐƚƐ ĂŶĚ ĂƉƉůŝĐĂƟŽŶƐ

9 ,ĞůƉƐ ƌĞĚƵĐĞ ĚĞǀĞůŽƉŵĞŶƚ ĐǇĐůĞƐ 9 ^ŽůƵƟŽŶƐ ĨŽƌ ŇĞǆŝďůĞ ĂŶĚ ǁŝĚĞ ĨƌĂŵĞ ƌĂƚĞƐƐ

ǁǁǁ͘ĂƵƚŽŵĂƟŽŶ24.com/ϯĚͲƐĞŶƐŽƌƐ

dŚĞ ĐŽŵƉůĞƚĞ ůŝƐƚ ŽĨ ƉŵĚƚĞĐŚŶŽůŽŐŝĞƐ ƉƌŽĚƵĐƚƐ͗ ǁǁǁ͘ĂƵƚŽŵĂƟŽŶ24.com/ƉŵĚƚĞĐŚŶŽůŽŐŝĞƐ

> ϮtKZ<

tŚǇ > ϮtKZ

ͫ > ʹ dŚĞ ďĞƩĞƌ ůŝŐŚƚ ͪ

<͍

ͧ > Ɛ ŐĞŶĞƌĂƚĞ ǀĞƌǇ ůŽ

ǁ ŚĞĂƚ ĂŶĚ ĐĂŶ ďĞ ŽƉĞƌĂƚĞĚ ǁŝƚŚ ůŽ ǁ ƉŽǁĞƌ ĐŽŶƐƵŵ ƉƟŽŶ ͧ ^ ĂǀŝŶŐƐ ŝŶ ĞůĞĐƚ ƌŝĐŝƚǇ ĐŽƐƚƐ ŽĨ Ƶ Ɖ ƚŽ ϳϬй ĂƌĞ ƉŽƐƐŝďůĞ

ͧ s ĞƌǇ ůŽŶŐ ůŝĨĞƟŵ Ğ͗ ŽĨ ŽƉĞƌĂƟŽŶ

ƵƚŽŵĂƟŽŶ24 ƉƌŽĚƵĐƚ ŽǀĞƌǀŝĞǁ ŽĨ > ϮtKZ<

ƵƉ ƚŽ ϲϬ͕ϬϬϬ ŚŽ

ƵƌƐ

Ž ǇŽƵ ǁŝƐŚ ƚŽ ŚĂǀĞ ƉĞƌĨĞĐƚ ůŝŐŚƟŶŐ ĐŽŶĚŝƟŽŶƐ Ăƚ ƚŚĞ ǁŽƌŬƉůĂĐĞ͍ dŚĞŶ ǁĞ ŚĂǀĞ ƚŚĞ ƌŝŐŚƚ ƉƌŽĚƵĐƚƐ ĨŽƌ ǇŽƵ ǁŝƚŚ ŝŶĚƵƐƚƌŝĂů ůŝŐŚƟŶŐ ĨƌŽŵ > ϮtKZ<͊ >ŽŽŬ ĨŽƌǁĂƌĚ ƚŽ ƌĞůŝĂďůĞ ƉƌŽĚƵĐƚ ƋƵĂůŝƚǇ ǁŝƚŚ ĂĚǀĂŶĐĞĚ > ƚĞĐŚŶŽůŽŐǇ͘

^ƵƌĨĂĐĞ ŵŽƵŶƚ ůŝŐŚƚƐ

9 Kŝů ĂŶĚ ĐƌĂĐŬ ƌĞƐŝƐƚĂŶƚ ƚĞŵƉĞƌĞĚ ŐůĂƐƐ ŽƉƟŵĂů ĨŽƌ ŚĂƌƐŚ ĞŶǀŝƌŽŶŵĞŶƚƐ

9 KƉĞƌĂƟŶŐ ĨŽƌ ƵƉ ƚŽ ϱϬ͕ϬϬϬ ŚŽƵƌƐ ǁŝƚŚ ŶŽ ŵĂŝŶƚĞŶĂŶĐĞ ƉĞƌŝŽĚƐ

9 ĂǇůŝŐŚƚ ǁŚŝƚĞ͕ ZĂ ϴϱ ŇŝĐŬĞƌ ĨƌĞĞ ůŝŐŚƚ ǁŝƚŚŽƵƚ hs Žƌ /Z ĐŽŵƉŽŶĞŶƚƐ

DĂĐŚŝŶĞ ůŝŐŚƚƐ

9 ŶĞƌŐǇ ĞĸĐŝĞŶƚ ĚĂǇůŝŐŚƚ ǁŚŝƚĞ ǁŝƚŚ ĞǀĞŶ ĂŶĚ ŇŝĐŬĞƌͲĨƌĞĞ ůŝŐŚƚ

9 ϲϬ͕ϬϬϬ ŽƉĞƌĂƟŶŐ ŚŽƵƌƐ ǁŝƚŚ ŶŽ ŵĂŝŶƚĞŶĂŶĐĞ ƉĞƌŝŽĚƐ 9 /Wϱϰ͕ /Wϲϴ ĂŶĚ /Wϲϵ< ƌĂƟŶŐƐ

^ŝŐŶĂů ůŝŐŚƚƐ

9 Z' > Ɛ ƚŚĂƚ ĐĂŶ ŝŶĚŝĐĂƚĞ ǀĂƌŝŽƵƐ ŵĂĐŚŝŶĞ ĐŽŶĚŝƟŽŶƐ 9 ,ĞĂƚ ĚŝƐƐŝƉĂƟŽŶ ďĂĐŬǁĂƌĚƐ ǀŝĂ ĂůƵŵŝŶƵŵ ĐĂƐŝŶŐ͗ ŶŽ ƌŝƐŬ ŽĨ ďƵƌŶƐ

9 ^ǁŝƚĐŚŝŶŐ ĐŝƌĐƵŝƚƐ ĚŽ ŶŽƚ ĂīĞĐƚ ƚŚĞ ůŝĨĞ ƐƉĂŶ

dŚĞ ĐŽŵƉůĞƚĞ ůŝƐƚ ŽĨ > ϮtKZ< ƉƌŽĚƵĐƚƐ͗ ǁǁǁ͘ĂƵƚŽŵĂƟŽŶ24.com/ůĞĚϮǁŽƌŬ

> ϮtKZ<

^ǇƐƚĞŵ ůŝŐŚƚƐ

9 /ĚĞĂů ĨŽƌ ƐǇƐƚĞŵ ǁŽƌŬƐƚĂƟŽŶƐ 9 >ĂƚĞƐƚ ^D > ƚĞĐŚŶŽůŽŐǇ ǁŝƚŚ хϭϬϬ ůƵŵĞŶ ƉĞƌ ǁĂƩ ĂĐŚŝĞǀĞƐ Ă ŚŝŐŚ ůŝŐŚƚ ǇŝĞůĚ

9 ĂǇůŝŐŚƚ ǁŚŝƚĞ ŽĨ ϱ͕ϮϬϬ< ʹ ϱ͕ϳϬϬ< ĨŽƌ Ă ƉůĞĂƐĂŶƚ ĂƚŵŽƐƉŚĞƌĞ

ĐĐĞƐƐŽƌŝĞƐ ĨŽƌ ŵĂĐŚŝŶĞ ůŝŐŚƟŶŐ

9 DŽƵŶƟŶŐ ďƌĂĐŬĞƚƐ͕ ƉŝƉĞ ĐůĂŵƉƐ͕ ƉůƵŐ ĂĚĂƉƚĞƌƐ ĂŶĚ ƉŽǁĞƌ ƐƵƉƉůŝĞƐ ĂǀĂŝůĂďůĞ

ĚǀĂŶĐĞĚ > ƚĞĐŚŶŽůŽŐǇ ŽůŽŐǇ ĂŶĚ ƌĞůŝĂďůĞ ƋƵĂůŝƚǇ ĨƌŽŵ > ϮtKZ<

ǁǁǁ͘ĂƵƚŽŵĂƟŽŶ24.com/ŝŶĚƵƐƚƌŝĂůͲůŝŐŚƟŶŐ ĂůͲůŝŐŚƟŶŐ

24% 2 4% %

Sales Sale es Discountt es Žī D^ZWΎ Žī ī D^ZWΎ

^ĂůĞƐ ƉƌŝĐĞ Ψ

/ƚĞŵ ŶŽ͘

DĂŶƵĨĂĐƚƵƌĞƌ ĚĞƐŝŐŶĂƟŽŶ

&ĞĂƚƵƌĞƐ

D^ZW Ψ

KƵƌ ƌĞŐƵůĂƌ ƉƌŝĐĞ Ψ

ϭϬϭϵϳϴ

110410-02

^ƵƌĨĂĐĞ ŵŽƵŶƚ ůŝŐŚƚ͕ dh > ϳϬ ϭϱt

ϭϵϴ͘ϬϬ ϵϴ͘ϬϬ ϴ ϬϬ ϬϬ

ϭϳϵ͘ϬϬ ϳϵ͘ϬϬ ϵ ϬϬ

ϭϱϬ͘ϰϴ

ϭϬϭϵϴϰ

110614-01

DĂĐŚŝŶĞ ůŝŐŚƚ͕ D/ /> ϭϬt

ϭϯϴ͘ϬϬ ϯϴ͘ϬϬ ϴ͘ϬϬ ϬϬ

ϭϮϰ͘ϮϬ ϰ ϮϬ ϰ͘ϮϬ

ϭϬϰ͘ϴϴ

ϭϬϯϲϵϮ

110890-11

^ŝŐŶĂů ůŝŐŚƚ͕ ^/'E > ϴt

ϵϰ͘ϴϬ ϰ͘ϴϬ ϰ͘ϴϬ

ϴϱ͘ϬϬ ϱ͘ϬϬ ͘ϬϬ ϬϬ

ϳϮ͘Ϭϱ

ϭϬϯϮϮϬ

110914-11

^ǇƐƚĞŵ ůŝŐŚƚ͕ hE/> ^> ϭϱt

ϭϱϰ͘ϴϬ ϱϰ͘ϴϬ ϰ ϴϬ ϴϬ

ϭϰϳ͘ϬϬ ϰϳ͘ϬϬ ϳ ϬϬ

ϭϭϳ͘ϲϱ

ϭϬϯϮϮϮ

ϭϭϬϵϭϰͲϭϯ

^ǇƐƚĞŵ ůŝŐŚƚ͕ hE/> ^> ϰϴt

Ϯϵϴ͘ϴϬ ϵϴ͘ϴϬ ϴ ϴϬ ϴϬ

Ϯϴϯ͘ϬϬ ϴϯ͘ϬϬ ϯ ϬϬ

ϮϮϳ͘Ϭϵ

Ύ^ĂůĞƐ ƉƌŝĐŝŶŐ ƐƵďũĞĐƚ ƚŽ ƋƵĂŶƟƚǇ ƌĞƐƚƌŝĐƟŽŶƐ͘ sĂůŝĚ ƵŶƟů ϭϮͬϯϭͬϮϬϭϴ͘

ŽŶƚĂĐƚ͗ ŵĂŝůΛĂƵƚŽŵĂƟŽŶ24͘ĐŽŵ ͮ dĞĐŚŶŝĐĂů ƐƵƉƉŽƌƚ͗ нϭ ϴϬϬͲϮϱϬͲϲϳϳϮ ;ƚŽůůͲĨƌĞĞͿ Žƌ нϭ ϲϭϬͲϵϴϭͲϮϵϬϬ

LAPP

tŚǇ > WW͍

ͫ ,ŝŐŚ ƉĞƌĨŽƌŵĂŶĐĞ ĐĂďůŝŶŐ ƚĞĐŚŶŽůŽŐŝĞƐ ͪ

ͧ ' ůŽďĂů ƐƵƉƉůŝĞƌ Ž Ĩ ŝŶŶ

ŽǀĂƟǀĞ ĐĂďůĞ ǀĞƌ ϱϬ ǇĞĂƌƐ

ƚĞĐŚŶŽůŽŐǇ ĨŽƌ Ž

ͧ t ŝĚĞ ƌĂŶŐĞ ŽĨ Ɖ ƌŽĚƵĐƚ

Ɛ ĨƌŽŵ ĐĂďůĞƐ ƚŽ ĂĐĐĞƐƐŽƌŝĞƐ ĂŶĚ ŚĂƌŶĞƐƐŝŶŐ ƐŽůƵ ƟŽŶƐ ͧ , ŝŐŚͲƋƵĂůŝƚǇ͕ Ě ĞƉĞŶĚĂďůĞ ĂŶĚ ĚƵƌĂďůĞ ƐŽůƵƟŽŶƐ

ƵƚŽŵĂƟŽŶ24 ƉƌŽĚƵĐƚ ŽǀĞƌǀŝĞǁ of LAPP > WW ŽīĞƌƐ ƚŚĞ ƌŝŐŚƚ ƐŽůƵƟŽŶ ĨŽƌ ǇŽƵ ǁŝƚŚ ŚŝŐŚͲƋƵĂůŝƚǇ ĐŽŶŶĞĐƟŽŶ ƚĞĐŚŶŽůŽŐǇ ĨŽƌ ƚŚĞ ŝŶƚĞƌŶĂů ǁŝƌŝŶŐ ŽĨ ĞƋƵŝƉŵĞŶƚ ŝŶ ǇŽƵƌ ĐŽŶƚƌŽů ĐĂďŝŶĞƚƐ͘ ĞŶĞĮƚ ƚŽĚĂǇ ĨƌŽŵ ƉƌŽǀĞŶ > WW ƋƵĂůŝƚǇ Ăƚ ĐĂůĐƵůĂďůĞ ĮǆĞĚ ƉƌŝĐĞƐ͘

^ĞŶƐŽƌ ĐĂďůĞƐ

9 ZŽďƵƐƚ͕ ĚƵƌĂďůĞ ĂŶĚ ƌĞůŝĂďůĞ hE/dZKE/ Π ĐĂďůĞƐ 9 ^ƵŝƚĂďůĞ ĨŽƌ Ă ǀĂƌŝĞƚǇ ŽĨ ĂƉƉůŝĐĂƟŽŶƐ 9 ĂƚĂ ƐŽůƵƟŽŶƐ ƚŚĂƚ ŝŶĐƌĞĂƐĞ ĐŽŵŵƵŶŝĐĂƟŽŶ ĂďŝůŝƟĞƐ ĂŶĚ ƉƌŽĚƵĐƟǀŝƚǇ

ĂƚĂ ĐĂďůĞƐ

9 d, Z>/E Π ŝŶĚƵƐƚƌŝĂů ĞƚŚĞƌŶĞƚ ĐĂďůĞƐ 9 ,ŝŐŚ ĚĂƚĂ ƚƌĂŶƐŵŝƐƐŝŽŶ ƌĂƚĞ ĨŽƌ ĨĂƐƚ ŝŶĨŽƌŵĂƟŽŶ ĞǆĐŚĂŶŐĞ 9 hE/dZKE/ Π ĚĂƚĂ ĐŽŵŵƵŶŝĐĂƟŽŶƐ ĐĂďůĞƐ ĨŽƌ ďƵƐ ƐǇƐƚĞŵƐ

ĂďůĞ ŐůĂŶĚƐ ͬ ĂďůĞ ďƵƐŚŝŶŐ ƐǇƐƚĞŵƐ

9 ^</EdKW Dh>d/Π ĨƌĂŵĞƐ ĂŶĚ ƐĞĂůŝŶŐ ŵŽĚƵůĞƐ ĂůůŽǁ ƐĞĐƵƌĞ ŝŶƐĞƌƟŽŶ ŽĨ ŵƵůƟƉůĞ ĐĂďůĞƐ ŝŶ ƟŐŚƚ ƐƉĂĐĞƐ

9 K ƉƟŵƵŵ ƐƚƌĂŝŶ ƌĞůŝĞĨ ƚŚĂŶŬƐ ƚŽ ŝŶŶŽǀĂƟǀĞ ĞůĂƐƟĐ ŐĞů

ŵĞŵďƌĂŶĞ ƚŚĂƚ ĨŽƌŵƐ ƐĞĂů ďĞƚǁĞĞŶ ĐĂďůĞƐ ĂŶĚ ŚŽƵƐŝŶŐ

dŚĞ ĐŽŵƉůĞƚĞ ůŝƐƚ ŽĨ > WW ƉƌŽĚƵĐƚƐ͗ ǁǁǁ͘ĂƵƚŽŵĂƟŽŶ24.com/lapp

ZĞůŝĂďůĞ ĐĂďůĞ ƚĞĐŚŶŽůŽŐǇ ĨŽƌ Ăůů ǇŽƵƌ ǁŝƌŝŶŐ ŶĞĞĚƐ͊ P>&> yΠ ƐĞƌǀŽ ĐĂďůĞƐ ĨƌŽŵ > WW

9 ĞƐŝŐŶĞĚ ĨŽƌ Ă ǀĂƌŝĞƚǇ ŽĨ ĞŶǀŝƌŽŶŵĞŶƚĂů ĐŽŶĚŝƟŽŶƐ 9 tŝƚŚƐƚĂŶĚ ǁĞƚͬĚƌǇ͕ ŝŶĚŽŽƌͬŽƵƚĚŽŽƌ͕ D ĂŶĚ ĞǆƚƌĞŵĞ ƚĞŵƉĞƌĂƚƵƌĞ ƌĂŶŐĞƐ ĂŶĚ ĐŽŶĚŝƟŽŶƐ

9 ^ƵŝƚĞĚ ĨŽƌ ĮǆĞĚ ĐŽŶŶĞĐƟŽŶ Žƌ ĞŶĞƌŐǇ ƐƵƉƉůǇ ĐŚĂŝŶƐ 9 ,ĂůŽŐĞŶͲĨƌĞĞ ĂŶĚ ŽŝůͲƌĞƐŝƐƚĂŶƚ ŶƐ ŝŶĐůƵĚŝŶŐ 9 ǀĂŝůĂďůĞ ĨŽƌ Ă ǀĂƌŝĞƚǇ ŽĨ ĂƉƉůŝĐĂƟŽŶƐ ŝŶĐůƵĚŝŶŐ ŵĞĐŚĂŶŝĐĂů ĞŶŐŝŶĞĞƌŝŶŐ͕ ĐůŝŵĂƚĞ ƚĞĐŚŶŽůŽŐǇ͕ ůŽŐǇ͕ ŵĞĚŝĐĂů ƚĞĐŚŶŽůŽŐǇ͕ ĐĂů ƚĞĐŚŶŽůŽŐǇ͕ ĂŶĚ ŵŽƌĞ

ǁǁǁ͘ĂƵƚŽŵĂƟŽŶ24.com/ƐĞƌǀŽͲĐĂďůĞƐ

24% 24 4% %

Sales Sale es Disc es Discount scountt Žī D^ZWΎ Žī ī D^ZWΎ

^^ĂůĞƐ ^Ă ů ƉƌŝĐĞ Ψͬ ƉĞƌ Ō

/ƚĞŵ ŶŽ͘

DĂŶƵĨĂĐƚƵƌĞƌ DĂŶƵĨĂĐƚƵƌĞƌ ĚĞƐŝŐŶĂƟŽŶ

ĞƐĐƌŝƉƟŽŶ

D^ZW Ψͬ ƉĞƌ Ō ƉĞƌ Ō

KƵƌ ƌĞŐƵůĂƌ KƵƌ ƌĞŐƵůĂƌ Ɖƌŝ ƉƌŝĐĞ Ψͬ ƉĞƌ Ō

ϰϬϬϱϱϳ

ϬϬϮϳϵϱϯ

P>&> yΠ ^ ZsK & ϳϵϲ W ϭϬͬϰ

ϭϭ͘ϳϱ ϭϭ͘ϳ ϭ ϳϱ

ϵ͘ϵϴ ͘ϵ ϵϴ ϴ

ϴ͘ϵϯ

ϰϬϬϱϱϲ Ϭϱϱϲ

ϬϬϮϳϵϱϮ

P>&> yΠ ^ ZsK & ϳϵϲ W ϭϮͬϰ P>&> yΠ ^ ZsK & ϳ

ϵ͘ϭϴ ϵ ϭϴ

ϳ͘ϴϬ ͘ϴ ϴϬ Ϭ

ϲ͘ϵϴ

ϱϱϱ ϰϬϬϱϱϱ

ϬϬϮϳϵϱϭ

P> P>&> yΠ ^ ZsK & ϳϵϲ W ϭϰͬϰ

ϲ͘ϲϰ ϲϰ ϲ͘ϲϰ

ϱ͘ϲϰ ϱ ϲϰ ϲϰ

ϱ͘Ϭϱ

ϱϰ ϰϬϬϱϱϰ

ϬϬϮϳϵϳϬ

P>&> yΠ ^ ZsK & ϳϵϲ W ϭϰͬϰ нϮǆ;ϭϴͬƉƌͿ

ϭϭ͘ϭϲ ϭϭ͘ϭ ϭ ϭϲ

ϵ͘ϰϴ ͘ϰϴ

ϴ͘ϰϴ

ϰϬϬϱϲϮ

ϳϬϬϳϯϯ

P>&> yΠ ^ ZsK ϳd ϭϬͬϰ

ϲ ϱϴ ϲ͘ϱϴ

ϱ͘ϱϵ ͘ϱ ϱϵ ϵ

ϰϬϬϱϲϭ

ϳϬϬϳϯϮ

P>&> yΠ ^ ZsK ϳd ϭϮͬϰ

ϱ ϭϲ ϱ͘ϭϲ

ϰ͘ϯ ϰ͘ϯϴ ϯϴ ϴ

ϰϬϬϱϲϬ

ϳϬϬϳϯϭ

P>&> yΠ ^ ZsK ϳd ϭϰͬϰ

ϯ ϲϲ ϯ͘ϲϲ

ϯ͘ϭϭ ͘ϭ ϭϭ

ϱ͘ϬϬ ϯ͘ϵϮ Ϯ͘ϳϴ

Ύ^ĂůĞƐ ƉƌŝĐŝŶŐ ƐƵďũĞĐƚ ƚŽ ƋƵĂŶƟƚǇ ƌĞƐƚƌŝĐƟŽŶƐ͘ sĂůŝĚ ƵŶƟů ϭϮͬϯϭͬϮϬϭϴ͘

ŽŶƚĂĐƚ͗ ŵĂŝůΛĂƵƚŽŵĂƟŽŶ24͘ĐŽŵ ͮ dĞĐŚŶŝĐĂů ƐƵƉƉŽƌƚ͗ нϭ ϴϬϬͲϮϱϬͲϲϳϳϮ ;ƚŽůůͲĨƌĞĞͿ Žƌ нϭ ϲϭϬͲϵϴϭͲϮϵϬϬ

Ϯϯ

&/ Ky ͫ tŽƌůĚǁŝĚĞ ůĞĂĚĞƌ ŝŶ ŶŽŶͲŵĞƚĂůůŝĐ ĐŽƌƌŽƐŝŽŶ ƉƌŽŽĨ ͪ E D ĞŶĐůŽƐƵƌĞƐ ͪ

tŚǇ & / Ky͍ ͧ D ĂƌŬĞƚ ůĞĂĚĞƌ ŝ Ŷ ĐŽ

ƌƌŽƐŝŽŶ ƌĞƐŝƐƚĂŶƚ ŶĐůŽƐƵƌĞƐ

ƚŚĞƌŵŽƉůĂƐƟĐ Ğ

ͧ W ƌŽƚĞĐƟŶŐ ĞůĞĐƚ ƌŝĐĂů Ă

ŶĚ ĞůĞĐƚƌŽŶŝĐ ĐŽŵƉŽŶĞŶƚƐ ŝŶ ŚŽƐƟůĞ ĂŶĚ ŚĂǌ ĂƌĚŽƵƐ ĞŶǀŝƌŽŶŵĞŶƚƐ

ͧ t ŝĚĞ ǀĂƌŝĞƚǇ Ž Ĩ ƐŝǌĞ

Ɛ ĨŽƌ Ăůů ĞŶĐůŽƐƵ

ŶĞĞĚƐ

ƵƚŽŵĂƟŽŶ24 ƉƌŽĚƵĐƚ ŽǀĞƌǀŝĞǁ ŽĨ &/ Ky

ƌĞ

WƌŽƚĞĐƚ ǇŽƵƌ ĞůĞĐƚƌŝĐĂů ĂŶĚ ĞůĞĐƚƌŽŶŝĐ ĐŽŵƉŽŶĞŶƚƐ ǁŝƚŚ ĐŽƌƌŽƐŝŽŶ ƌĞƐŝƐƚĂŶƚ ƉůĂƐƟĐ ĞŶĐůŽƐƵƌĞƐ ĂŶĚ ŵĂƚĐŚŝŶŐ ĂĐĐĞƐƐŽƌŝĞƐ ĨƌŽŵ &/ Ky Ăƚ ƚŚĞ ďĞƐƚ ƉƌŝĐĞƐ͊ &ŝŶĚ ƚŚĞ ƌŝŐŚƚ ĞŶĐůŽƐƵƌĞ ĨŽƌ ǇŽƵƌ ĂƉƉůŝĐĂƟŽŶ ŶĞĞĚƐ Ăƚ ƵƚŽŵĂƟŽŶ24͘

ŶĐůŽƐƵƌĞƐ ͬ ŽŶƚƌŽů ĐĂďŝŶĞƚƐ

9 WŽůǇĐĂƌďŽŶĂƚĞ ĞŶĐůŽƐƵƌĞƐ ĂŶĚ ĐŽŶƚƌŽů ĐĂďŝŶĞƚƐ 9 h> ůŝƐƚĞĚ ĂŶĚ ƌĂƚĞĚ E D ϰy 9 W ƌĞͲĨŽƌŵĞĚ ŵĞƚƌŝĐ ŬŶŽĐŬͲŽƵƚƐ ƉƌŽǀŝĚĞ ĞĂƐǇ ŵŽĚŝĮĐĂƟŽŶ ŝŶ ƚŚĞ ĮĞůĚ

ŶĐůŽƐƵƌĞ ĂĐĐĞƐƐŽƌŝĞƐ

9 DŽƵŶƟŶŐ ƉůĂƚĞƐ ĂŶĚ ĂĐĐĞƐƐŽƌŝĞƐ ƚŽ ĞŶƐƵƌĞ ĞĂƐǇ ŝŶƚĞŐƌĂƟŽŶ ŽĨ ĞŶĐůŽƐƵƌĞƐ ŝŶ ŝŶĚƵƐƚƌŝĂů ƉƌŽĐĞƐƐĞƐ

9 DŽƵŶƟŶŐ ŇĂŶŐĞƐ͕ ƐǁŝŶŐ ƉĂŶĞů ŚŝŶŐĞ ŬŝƚƐ͕

ĂůƵŵŝŶƵŵ ƉĂŶĞůƐ͕ ĞŶĐůŽƐƵƌĞ ĐŽǀĞƌƐ ĂŶĚ ǀĂƌŝĂďůĞͲŚĞŝŐŚƚ ďĂĐŬ ƉĂŶĞů ŬŝƚƐ ĂǀĂŝůĂďůĞ

24% %

Sales Discount Žī D^ZWΎ

^ĂůĞƐ ƉƌŝĐĞ Ψ

/ƚĞŵ ŶŽ͘

DĂŶƵĨĂĐƚƵƌĞƌ ĚĞƐŝŐŶĂƟŽŶ

ŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶƐ ;, ǆ t ǆ Ϳ ;ŝŶĐŚͿ

ŽǀĞƌ

D^ZW Ψ

KƵƌ ƌĞŐƵůĂƌ ƌ ƉƌŝĐĞ Ψ

ϰϬϬϭϱϲ

DEy h> W ϭϬϬͬϳϱ ,'

ϱ͘ϭ ǆ ϯ͘ϭ ǆ ϯ͘Ϭ

'ƌĞǇ

Ϯϴ͘Ϯϵ ϴ Ϯϵ

Ϯϰ͘Ϭϱ ϰ͘Ϭϱ ϰ ͘Ϭϱ

Ϯϭ͘ϱϬ

ϰϬϬϭϲϭ

DEy h> W ϭϮϱͬϯϱ >'

ϱ͘ϭ ǆ ϱ͘ϭ ǆ ϭ͘ϰ

'ƌĞǇ

Ϯ͘Ϯϴ Ϯϴ ϯϮ͘Ϯϴ

ϳ ϰϰ ϳ͘ϰϰ Ϯϳ͘ϰϰ

Ϯϰ͘ϱϯ

ϰϬϬϭϲϬ

DEy h> W ϭϮϱͬϭϮϱ ,d

ϱ͘ϭ ǆ ϱ͘ϭ ǆ ϰ͘ϵ

dƌĂŶƐƉĂƌĞŶƚ

ϲ͘ϲϳ ϲϳ ϯϲ͘ϲϳ

ϭ͘ϭϳ ϭ͘ϭϳ ϭϳ ϯϭ͘ϭϳ

Ϯϳ͘ϴϳ

ϰϬϬϭϮϴ

Z ϮϬϯϬϭϱ EŽͲDW

ϳ͘ϵ ǆ ϭϭ͘ϴ ǆ ϱ͘ϵ

'ƌĞǇ

ϲ͘ϭϭ ϭϭ ϵϲ͘ϭϭ

ϭ͘ϲϵ ϭ͘ϲϵ ϴϭ͘ϲϵ

ϳϯ͘Ϭϰ

ϰϬϬϬϴϴ

Z ZϭϬϭϬϲ^ d

ϭϬ͘Ϭ ǆ ϭϬ͘Ϭ ǆ ϲ͘Ϭ

dƌĂŶƐƉĂƌĞŶƚ

Ϭϵ͘ϲϭ ϵϲ ϲϭ ϭ ϭϬϵ͘ϲϭ

ϯ͘ϭϳ ϯ͘ϭϳ ϭϳ ϵϯ͘ϭϳ

ϴϯ͘ϯϬ

Ύ^ĂůĞƐ ƉƌŝĐŝŶŐ ƐƵďũĞĐƚ ƚŽ ƋƵĂŶƟƚǇ ƌĞƐƚƌŝĐƟŽŶƐ͘ sĂůŝĚ ƵŶƟů ϭϮͬϯϭͬϮϬϭϴ͘

dŚĞ ĐŽŵƉůĞƚĞ ůŝƐƚ ŽĨ &ŝďŽǆ ƉƌŽĚƵĐƚƐ͗ ǁǁǁ͘ĂƵƚŽŵĂƟŽŶ24.com/ĮďŽǆ

^ĞůĞĐ

tŚǇ ^ĞůĞĐ͍

ͫ ƌĞĂƟŶŐ ƚŚĞ ďĞƐƚ ǀĂůƵĞ ŝŶ ͪ ŚŝŐŚͲƋƵĂůŝƚǇ ĐŽŵƉŽŶĞŶƚƐ ͪ

ͧ / ŶŶŽǀĂƟǀĞ ƉƌŽĚƵ ĐƟŽŶ

ŽĨ ĞŶĞƌŐǇ ŵ ĞĂƐƵƌĞŵĞŶƚ ƚ ĞĐŚŶŽůŽŐǇ ĂŶĚ ƉƌŽƚĞĐƟŽŶ ƌĞůĂ ǇƐ

ͧ ǆĐĞů ǁŝƚŚ ĂŶĂůŽ Ő

ĂƐ ǁĞůů ĂƐ ĚŝŐŝƚĂ ů ŵ ƵůƟĨƵŶĐƟŽŶ Ɵ ŵĞƌ ƌĞůĂǇƐ ͧ ǆĐĞůůĞŶĐĞ ƚŚƌŽ ƵŐŚ ƐĂĨĞƚǇ ĂŶĚ ƋƵĂůŝƚǇ

ƵƚŽŵĂƟŽŶ24 ƉƌŽĚƵĐƚ ŽǀĞƌǀŝĞǁ ŽĨ ^ĞůĞĐ tĞ ŽīĞƌ ǇŽƵ Ă ĮŶĞ ƐĞůĞĐƟŽŶ ŽĨ ^ > ƟŵĞƌ ƌĞůĂǇƐ͕ ƉƌŽƚĞĐƟŽŶ ƌĞůĂǇƐ͕ ĐŽƵŶƚĞƌƐ͕ ŵĞƚĞƌƐ͕ temperature controllers and process indicators.

^ĞĞ ƚŚĞ ĞǆĐĞůůĞŶƚ ĂŶĚ ƉƌŽǀĞŶ ƉƌŽĚƵĐƚ ƋƵĂůŝƚǇ ĨŽƌ ǇŽƵƌƐĞůĨ͘

dŝŵĞƌ ƌĞůĂǇƐ

9 ,ĞůƉ ƐǇŶĐŚƌŽŶŝǌĞ ǇŽƵƌ ƉƌŽĐĞƐƐĞƐ ǁŝƚŚ ĂƵƚŽŵĂƚĞĚ ƟŵĞƌ ĨƵŶĐƟŽŶƐ

9 tŝĚĞ ǀĂƌŝĞƚǇ ŽĨ ĨƵŶĐƟŽŶƐ ŽīĞƌĞĚ ĨŽƌ ĚŝǀĞƌƐĞ

ĂƉƉůŝĐĂƟŽŶƐ

9 hƐĞĚ ĨŽƌ Ă ǀĂƌŝĞƚǇ ŽĨ ĂƉƉůŝĐĂƟŽŶƐ ĨƌŽŵ ĐŽŶƚƌŽů ƉĂŶĞůƐ ƚŽ ŝŶũĞĐƟŽŶ ŵŽůĚŝŶŐ ŵĂĐŚŝŶĞƌǇ

WƌŽƚĞĐƟŽŶ ƌĞůĂǇƐ

9 sŽůƚĂŐĞ ƉƌŽƚĞĐƟŽŶ ŵŽŶŝƚŽƌƐ ŽǀĞƌ͕ ƵŶĚĞƌ ǀŽůƚĂŐĞ ĂƐ ǁĞůů ĂƐ ƉŚĂƐĞ ƐĞƋƵĞŶĐĞ ĂŶĚ ĨĂŝůƵƌĞ

9 WŚĂƐĞ ƐĞƋƵĞŶĐĞ ƌĞůĂǇ ŵĞĂƐƵƌĞƐ ƉŚĂƐĞ ĨĂŝůƵƌĞ ĂŶĚ ĂƐǇŵŵĞƚƌǇ 9 hƐĞĚ ŝŶ Ă ǀĂƌŝĞƚǇ ŽĨ ĂƉƉůŝĐĂƟŽŶƐ ĨƌŽŵ ĞƐĐĂůĂƚŽƌƐ ƚŽ ,s ĞƋƵŝƉŵĞŶƚ

ŽƵŶƚĞƌƐ

9 DĞŵŽƌǇ ƌĞƚĞŶƟŽŶ ĂŶĚ ďĂƚĐŚ ĐŽƵŶƟŶŐ 9 ZĂƚĞ ŝŶĚŝĐĂƚŽƌ ĂŶĚ ƉƌŽŐƌĂŵŵĂďůĞ ŝŶƉƵƚ ƐĐĂůŝŶŐ 9 ƌŝŐŚƚ > ĚŝƐƉůĂǇ ĨŽƌ ĞĂƐǇ ǀŝƐŝďŝůŝƚǇ

ŽŶƚĂĐƚ͗ ŵĂŝůΛĂƵƚŽŵĂƟŽŶ24͘ĐŽŵ ͮ dĞĐŚŶŝĐĂů ƐƵƉƉŽƌƚ͗ нϭ ϴϬϬͲϮϱϬͲϲϳϳϮ ;ƚŽůůͲĨƌĞĞͿ Žƌ нϭ ϲϭϬͲϵϴϭͲϮϵϬϬ

^ĞůĞĐ ͫ ƌĞĂƟŶŐ ƚŚĞ ďĞƐƚ ǀĂůƵĞ ŝŶ ŚŝŐŚͲƋƵĂůŝƚǇ ĐŽŵƉŽŶĞŶƚƐ ͪ

DĞƚĞƌƐ

9 ĐĐƵƌĂƚĞůǇ ŵŽŶŝƚŽƌ Ă ǀĂƌŝĞƚǇ ŽĨ ĞůĞĐƚƌŝĐĂů ǀĂůƵĞƐ ŝŶ Ă ĐŽŵƉĂĐƚ͕ ĞĂƐǇͲƚŽͲƉƌŽŐƌĂŵ ƵŶŝƚ

9 sŝďƌĂŶƚ ĚŝƐƉůĂǇƐ ƚŽ ƋƵŝĐŬůǇ ĂƐƐĞƐƐ ŚŽǁ ǇŽƵƌ ƐǇƐƚĞŵ ŝƐ ƉĞƌĨŽƌŵŝŶŐ

9 DƵůƟĨƵŶĐƟŽŶ ŵĞƚĞƌƐ ĂůůŽǁ ƐŝŵƵůƚĂŶĞŽƵƐ ŵŽŶŝƚŽƌŝŶŐ ŽĨ ŵƵůƟƉůĞ ǀĂůƵĞƐ

W/ ƚĞŵƉĞƌĂƚƵƌĞ ĐŽŶƚƌŽůůĞƌƐ

9 ĐĐƵƌĂƚĞ ĐŽŶƚƌŽů ĂŶĚ ŵŽŶŝƚŽƌŝŶŐ ŝŶ Ă ƐŝŵƉůĞ > ƉĂŶĞů

ŵŽƵŶƚ ĚŝƐƉůĂǇ

9 ^ƵŝƚĂďůĞ ĨŽƌ Ă ǁŝĚĞ ƌĂŶŐĞ ŽĨ ƚĞŵƉĞƌĂƚƵƌĞ ĂŶĚ ĐŽŶƚƌŽů ĂƉƉůŝĐĂƟŽŶƐ

WƌŽĐĞƐƐ ŝŶĚŝĐĂƚŽƌƐ

9 ĂƐǇ ƉƌŽŐƌĂŵŵŝŶŐ ĂŶĚ ĐŽŶǀĞŶŝĞŶƚ ĚŝƐƉůĂǇƐ 9 WƌŽŐƌĂŵĂďůĞ ŽƵƚƉƵƚƐ ĨŽƌ ĚŝǀĞƌƐĞ ĂƉƉůŝĐĂƟŽŶƐ 9 ďƵŶĚĂŶĐĞ ŽĨ ŝŶƉƵƚ ĐĂƉĂďŝůŝƟĞƐ ĞŶŚĂŶĐĞ ǀĞƌƐĂƟůŝƚǇ

24% %

Sales Discount Žī D^ZWΎ

^ĂůĞƐ ƉƌŝĐĞ Ψ

/ƚĞŵ ŶŽ͘

DĂŶƵĨĂĐƚƵƌĞƌ ĚĞƐŝŐŶĂƟŽŶ

DĞĂƐƵƌĞŵĞŶƚ ĨƵŶĐƟŽŶ

D^ZW Ψ

KƵƌ ƌĞŐƵůĂƌ ƉƌŝĐĞ Ψ

ϰϬϬϯϬϱ

D ϱϬϭͲϭϭϬsͲ h

ƵƌƌĞŶƚ

ϲϴ͘ϬϬ ϴ ϬϬ ϬϬ

ϲϭ͘ϮϬ ϭ͘ϮϬ

ϱϭ͘ϲϴ

ϰϬϬϮϵϴ

D&DϯϴϰͲ Ͳ hͲ'

sŽůƚĂŐĞ ͬ ĐƵƌƌĞŶƚ ͬ ĞŶĞƌŐǇ ĐŽŶƐƵŵƉƟŽŶ

Ϭ Ϭ ϬϬ͘ϬϬ ϬϬ Ϭ ϮϬϬ͘ϬϬ

Ϭ͘ϬϬ Ϭ͘ϬϬ ϭϴϬ͘ϬϬ

ϭϱϮ͘ϬϬ

ϰϬϬϯϬϳ

DsϭϱͲ ͲϮϬϬsͲϭϭϬsͲ h

sŽůƚĂŐĞ

ϴ ϬϬ ϬϬ ϰϴ͘ϬϬ

ϯ ϮϬ ϯ͘ϮϬ ϰϯ͘ϮϬ

ϯϲ͘ϰϴ ϭϮϵ͘ϱϬ

ϰϬϬϯϬϬ

D&DϯϳϰͲ h

sŽůƚĂŐĞ ͬ ĐƵƌƌĞŶƚ ͬ ĨƌĞƋƵĞŶĐǇ

ϳ ϰϬ ϳϬ͘ϰϬ ϭϳϬ͘ϰϬ

ϱϯ͘ϯϲ ϯ ϯϲ ϯϲ ϭϱϯ͘ϯϲ

ϰϬϬϯϬϭ

s &ϯϲ ͲϭϭϬsͲ h

sŽůƚĂŐĞ ͬ ĐƵƌƌĞŶƚ ͬ ĨƌĞƋƵĞŶĐǇ

ϵϮ͘ϬϬ Ϯ ϬϬ ϬϬ

Ϯ͘ϴϬ Ϯ͘ϴϬ ϴϮ͘ϴϬ

ϲϵ͘ϵϮ

Ύ^ĂůĞƐ ƉƌŝĐŝŶŐ ƐƵďũĞĐƚ ƚŽ ƋƵĂŶƟƚǇ ƌĞƐƚƌŝĐƟŽŶƐ͘ sĂůŝĚ ƵŶƟů ϭϮͬϯϭͬϮϬϭϴ͘

dŚĞ ĐŽŵƉůĞƚĞ ůŝƐƚ ŽĨ ^ĞůĞĐ ƉƌŽĚƵĐƚƐ͗ ǁǁǁ͘ĂƵƚŽŵĂƟŽŶ24.com/ƐĞůĞĐ

ZĞůŝĂďůĞ ƟŵĞƌ ƌĞůĂǇƐ ǁŝƚŚ ƚĂƌŐĞƚĞĚ ƐŝŐŶĂů ĐŽŶƚƌŽů ĨƌŽŵ ^ĞůĞĐ 9 ůƚĞƌŶĂƟǀĞ ƐŽůƵƟŽŶ ƚŽ ĐŽŶƚƌŽůůĞƌƐ ŝŶ ĐŽŵƉůĞǆ ĂƉƉůŝĐĂƟŽŶƐ 9 DƵůƟƉůĞ ƟŵĞ ĨƵŶĐƟŽŶƐ ĂŶĚ ƌĂŶŐĞƐ 9 ZĞůŝĂďůĞ ĚŝŐŝƚĂů ŽƵƚƉƵƚ ĨƵŶĐƟŽŶĂůŝƚǇ 9 dŝŵĞƌ ĨƵŶĐƟŽŶƐ ĐĂŶ ďĞ ĞĂƐŝůǇ ĂĚũƵƐƚĞĚ ǀŝĂ ƉƵƐŚďƵƩŽŶƐ Žƌ ƌŽƚĂƌǇ ŬŶŽď

24% %

Sales Discount Žī D^ZWΎ

/ƚĞŵ ŶŽ͘

DĂŶƵĨĂĐƚƵƌĞƌ ĚĞƐŝŐŶĂƟŽŶ

ϰϬϬϮϵϱ

ϱϱy ͲWϴͲ h

ϭϬϮϬϴϬ

ϲϬϬ dͲ h

ϰϬϬϮϵϮ

ydϱϬϰϮͲ h

ϰϬϬϮϵϰ

ϱϱ ^ͲWϴͲϭϭϬͲ h

ϭϬϮϬϳϵ

ϲϬϬyhͲ ͲϭͲ h

ϰϬϬϮϵϳ

ϴϬϬy Ͳ h

ϰϬϬϮϵϯ

ϱϱyhͲWϴͲ h

ĞƐĐƌŝƉƟŽŶ

ǇĐůŝĐ ǁŝƚŚ ƵŶĞƋƵĂů ŽŶ ĂŶĚ Žī ƟŵĞ͘ ϲ ƟŵĞ ƌĂŶŐĞƐ DƵůƟĨƵŶĐƟŽŶ ƟŵĞƌ ƌĞůĂǇ͘ ϭϱ ƟŵĞ ĨƵŶĐƟŽŶƐ DƵůƟĨƵŶĐƟŽŶ ĚŝŐŝƚĂů > ƟŵĞƌ͘ ϳ ƟŵĞ ĨƵŶĐƟŽŶƐ KŶ ĚĞůĂǇͬŝŶƚĞƌǀĂů ƟŵĞƌ͘ ϴ ƟŵĞ ƌĂŶŐĞƐ DƵůƟĨƵŶĐƟŽŶ ƟŵĞƌ ƌĞůĂǇ͘ ϭϯ ƟŵĞ ĨƵŶĐƟŽŶƐ ǇĐůŝĐ ǁŝƚŚ ƵŶĞƋƵĂů ŽŶ ĂŶĚ Žī ƟŵĞ͘ ϲ ƟŵĞ ƌĂŶŐĞƐ KŶ ĚĞůĂǇͬŝŶƚĞƌǀĂů ƟŵĞƌ͘ ϭϮ ƟŵĞ ƌĂŶŐĞƐ

^ĂůĞƐ ƉƌŝĐĞ Ψ

D^ZW Ψ

KƵƌ ƌĞŐƵůĂƌ ƉƌŝĐĞ Ψ

ϵ ϰϬ ϵ͘ϰϬ ϰϬ ϯϵ͘ϰϬ

ϱ ϰϲ ϱ͘ϰϲ ϯϱ͘ϰϲ

Ϯϵ͘ϵϰ

ϰϳ͘ϰϬ ͘ϰϬ ϰϬ ϰϬ

ϰϮ͘ϲϲ ͘ϲϲ ϲϲ ϲ

ϯϲ͘ϬϮ

ϭϭϯ͘ϰϬ ϯ͘ϰϬ ϰϬ ϰ Ϭ

ϭϬϮ͘Ϭϲ Ϯ͘Ϭϲ ͘Ϭϲ

ϴϲ͘ϭϴ

Ϯϰ͘ϬϬ ϰ͘ϬϬ ϬϬ ϬϬ

Ϯϭ͘ϲϬ ϭ͘ϲϬ ϲϬ

ϭϴ͘Ϯϰ

ϮϮ͘ϱϲ Ϯ͘ϱϲ ϱϲ ϱϲ

ϮϬ͘ϯϬ Ϭ͘ϯϬ ϯϬ

ϰϯ͘ϮϬ ϯ ϮϬ ϮϬ

ϯϴ͘ϴϴ ϴ͘ϴϴ ϴ͘ϴϴ

ϯϲ͘ϲϬ ϲ ϲϬ ϲϬ

ϯϮ͘ϵϰ Ϯ͘ϵϰ

Ύ^ĂůĞƐ ƉƌŝĐŝŶŐ ƐƵďũĞĐƚ ƚŽ ƋƵĂŶƟƚǇ ƌĞƐƚƌŝĐƟŽŶƐ͘ sĂůŝĚ ƵŶƟů ϭϮͬϯϭͬϮϬϭϴ͘ ƟŽŶƐ͘ sĂůŝĚ ƵŶƟů ϭϮͬϯϭͬϮϬϭϴ͘

ŽŶƚĂĐƚ͗ ŵĂŝůΛĂƵƚŽŵĂƟŽŶ24͘ĐŽŵ ͮ dĞĐŚŶŝĐĂů ƐƵƉƉŽƌƚ͗ нϭ ϴϬϬͲϮϱϬͲϲϳϳϮ ;ƚŽůůͲĨƌĞĞͿ Žƌ нϭ ϲϭϬͲϵϴϭͲϮϵϬϬ

ϭϳ͘ϭϱ ϯϮ͘ϴϯ Ϯϳ͘ϴϮ

Ϯϳ

W&>/d^ ,

tŚǇ W &> /d ^ ,

ͫ WĂƐƐŝŽŶ ĨŽƌ ƚŚĞ ďĞƐƚ ĐĂďůĞ ŐůĂŶĚ ƐŽůƵƟŽŶƐ ͨ

ͧ ^ ĞĐƵƌĞ ƐĞĂů ĂŶĚ ƐƚƌĂŝŶ ĐĂďůĞƐ

ƌĞůŝĞĨ ĨŽƌ ǇŽƵƌ

ͧ , ŝŐŚ ƋƵĂůŝƚǇ ĐĂ ďůĞ ŐůĂŶ

ĚƐ ĂŶĚ ĐĂďůĞ ƚƌƵŶŬŝŶŐ ƐŽůƵƟŽ ŶƐ ͧ >ĞĂĚĞƌ ŝŶ ĐĂďůĞ ŵĂŶĂŐĞŵĞŶƚ

ƵƚŽŵĂƟŽŶ24 ƉƌŽĚƵĐƚ ŽǀĞƌǀŝĞǁ ŽĨ W&>/d^ , Ž ǇŽƵ ǁĂŶƚ Ă ƐĞĐƵƌĞ ƐĞĂů ĂŶĚ ƐƚƌĂŝŶ ƌĞůŝĞĨ ĨŽƌ ǇŽƵƌ ĐĂďůĞ͍ dŚĞŶ ǇŽƵ ĂƌĞ ŵĂŬŝŶŐ ƚŚĞ ƌŝŐŚƚ ĐŚŽŝĐĞ ǁŝƚŚ ĐĂďůĞ ŐůĂŶĚƐ ĨƌŽŵ W&>/d^ ,͘ With W&>/d^ , ƉƌŽĚƵĐƚƐ ǇŽƵ ŐĞƚ ƋƵĂůŝƚǇ ŵĂĚĞ ŝŶ 'ĞƌŵĂŶǇ Ăƚ Ă ĨĂŝƌ ƉƌŝĐĞ Ăƚ ƵƚŽŵĂƟŽŶ24͘

ĂďůĞ ŐůĂŶĚƐ

9 WŽůǇĂŵŝĚĞ͕ ďƌĂƐƐ ĂŶĚ ƐƚĂŝŶůĞƐƐͲƐƚĞĞů ŐůĂŶĚƐ ĂǀĂŝůĂďůĞ 9 ,ŝŐŚ ĚĞŶƐŝƚǇ͕ ůĂƌŐĞ ƐĞĂůŝŶŐ ĂƌĞĂƐ ĂŶĚ Ă ĮƌƐƚͲĐůĂƐƐ ƌĂƟŶŐ 9 D ůŝŶĞ ƉƌŽǀŝĚĞƐ ĞůĞĐƚƌŽͲŵĂŐŶĞƟĐ ƐŚŝĞůĚŝŶŐ ƚŽ ƉƌŽƚĞĐƚ ĐĂďůĞƐ ĂŶĚ ĞƋƵŝƉŵĞŶƚ

24% %

,ŝŐŚ ƋƵĂůŝƚǇ ĐĂďůĞ ŐůĂŶĚƐ ĂŶĚ ŶĚƐ ĂŶĚ ĐĂďůĞ ƚƌƵŶŬŝŶŐ ƐŽůƵƟŽŶƐ͊ ĐĂďůĞ ƚƌƵŶŬŝŶŐ ƐŽůƵƟŽ ŽŶƐ͊

Sales Discount Žī D^ZWΎ

ĨƌŽŵ W&>/d^ , ĨƌŽŵ W&> >/d^ ,

Žī ī D^ZWΎ Sale es Discountt es

Ύ^ĂůĞƐ ƉƌŝĐŝŶŐ ƐƵďũĞĐƚ ƚŽ ƋƵĂŶƟƚǇ ƌĞƐƚƌŝĐƟŽŶƐ͘ sĂůŝĚ ƵŶƟů ϭϮͬϯϭͬϮϬϭϴ͘

dŚĞ ĐŽŵƉůĞƚĞ ůŝƐƚ ŽĨ W&>/d^ , ƉƌŽĚƵĐƚƐ͗ ǁǁǁ͘ĂƵƚŽŵĂƟŽŶ24.com/ƉŇŝƚƐĐŚ

dŚŝƐ ŝƐ ƵƐ

dŽŐĞƚŚĞƌ ǁĞ ĂƌĞ ƐƚƌŽŶŐ dŚĞ ŵŽƐƚ ŝŵƉŽƌƚĂŶƚ ƉŽŝŶƚ ŽĨ ǀŝĞǁ ŽĨ Ă ĐŽŵƉĂŶǇ ŝƐ ƚŚĂƚ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ĐƵƐƚŽŵĞƌ͘ KƵƌ ŐŽĂů ŝƐ ƚŽ ƉƌŽǀŝĚĞ ǇŽƵ ǁŝƚŚ Ă ƋƵŝĐŬ ĂŶĚ ĞĂƐǇ ƉƵƌĐŚĂƐŝŶŐ ƉƌŽĐĞƐƐ͕ ŽƵƚƐƚĂŶĚŝŶŐ ƚĞĐŚŶŝĐĂů ĂĚǀŝĐĞ͕ ĂŶĚ ĨĂƐƚ ĂŶĚ ƐĂĨĞ ĚĞůŝǀĞƌǇ ŽĨ ŐŽŽĚƐ ŐƵĂͲ ƌĂŶƚĞĞĚ͘ tĞ ĂƌĞ ƉůĞĂƐĞĚ ĂďŽƵƚ ƚŚĞ ŵŽƌĞ ƚŚĂŶ ϰϱ͕ϬϬϬ ƐĂƟ ƐĮ ĞĚ ĐƵƐƚŽŵĞƌƐ ǁŽƌůĚǁŝĚĞ ǁŚŽ ŚĂǀĞ ŚĂƉƉŝůǇ ŵĂĚĞ ƵƐĞ ŽĨ ŽƵƌ ƉƌŽĚƵĐƚ Žī ĞƌŝŶŐƐ ĂŶĚ ƐĞƌǀŝĐĞƐ͘ tĞ ĂƌĞ ƚŚĂŶŬĨƵů ĨŽƌ Ă ͞sĞƌǇ 'ŽŽĚ͟ dƌƵƐƚĞĚ ^ŚŽƉƐ ƵƐƚŽŵĞƌ ZĂƟ ŶŐ ĂŵŽŶŐ ŽƵƌ ŝŶƚĞƌŶĂƟ ŽŶĂů ĐƵƐƚŽŵĞƌ ďĂƐĞ͕ ǁŝƚŚ ŶĞĂƌůǇ Į ǀĞ ŽƵƚ ŽĨ Į ǀĞ ƐƚĂƌƐ ŝŶ Ăůů ƚŚƌĞĞ ĐĂƚĞŐŽƌŝĞƐ͗ ĞůŝǀĞƌǇ͕ 'ŽŽĚƐ͕ ĂŶĚ ƵƐƚŽŵĞƌ ƐĞƌǀŝĐĞ͘

ũŽǇĂďůĞ ƉƌŽǀŝĚĞ ĂŶ ĞŶ ƚŽ ƐƵƉƉŽƌƚ ĂŶĚ ďĞ ŚĞƌĞ Ğ Đ Ŷ Ğ ƌŝ Ğ Ɖ ƐŚŽƉƉŝŶŐ Ğǆ Žŵ ƐƚĂƌƚ ƚŽ Į ŶŝƐŚ͘ ǇŽƵ Ĩƌ ƌƚŶĞƌ ƚŽ tĞ ƉƌŽŵŝƐĞ

ĂĚŝŶŐ ƉĂ

Ƶƌ ůĞ ďĞĐŽŵĞ ǇŽ tĞ ƐƚƌŝǀĞ ƚŽ ƉƉůŝĞƐ͘ ƵƚŽŵĂƟ ŽŶ ƐƵ ŝŶ ŝŶĚƵƐƚƌŝĂů Ă 4 ŽŶ2 ĞŶƚ ƵƚŽŵĂƟ

ƌ͕ sŝĐĞ WƌĞƐŝĚ

tŝůů <ůĞĞŵĞŝĞ

ŽĚƵĐƚƐ

ƉƌŽ ďĞƐƚ Ɖ Ğ ď Žī Ğƌ ǇŽƵ ƚŚ KƵƌ ŐŽĂů ŝƐ ƚŽ Ɵ ŽŶƐ ĞƐ ĂƐ ǁĞůů ĂƐ ƐŽůƵ ŝĐ ƌ Ɖ ƚ Ɛ Ğ ď ŚĞ ƚ Ăƚ ĞĚƐ͘ ƚŽŵĂƟ ŽŶ ŶĞ ĨŽƌ Ăůů ǇŽƵƌ ĂƵ ƚ Žƌ ƉƉ ƐƵ Ě ĂŶ ƵƚŽŵĂƟ ŽŶ24 :ĞƐƐŝĐĂ sĞƌŶ

ŽŽƌĚŝŶĂƚŽƌ Ă͕ DĂƌŬĞƟ ŶŐ

ƵƚŽŵĂƟ ŽŶ24ͲEĞǁƐůĞƩ Ğƌ

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ANSWERS

INSIDE MACHINES Steven Fales, Emerson Automation Solutions

IIoT-ready technologies improve machine controls Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) technologies have the potential to improve user benefits through diagnostics, prognostics and predictive maintenance.

onsider this scenario: An operator on a beer bottling line experiences a sudden equipment shutdown. The operator has no need to access the programmable logic controller program or disrupt the network. Instead, the operator pulls out a smartphone, connects to the machine’s pneumatic valve system, and pulls up a web page showing diagnostic data on the equipment’s pneumatic system performance. It’s apparent a solenoid coil has burned out in a directional control valve that controls one of the machine’s actuators. Within minutes, a maintenance technician plugs in a new control valve and the bottling line is running again with little lost productivity or major control system intervention. This hypothetical example illustrates one of the many advantages new Industrial Internet of Things

(IIoT)-ready technologies can bring as they enter the machine control market. These technologies promise to improve user benefits with better diagnostics, prognostics and predictive maintenance. As a result, users will experience increased productivity, decreased downtime and reduced maintenance costs at unprecedented levels. IIoT technologies are still in their infancy and currently are implemented in the machine control environment on an ad hoc or opportunistic basis. In these experimental and pilot applications, manufacturers are identifying small, focused production problems, and then employ IIoT solutions at the foundation level to solve them. Gateways export data from the machine’s control system for analysis and storage on-site or in the cloud. Analytics are run remotely to better understand the problem and indicate a resolution. IO-Link provides connectivity at the device and sensor level and allows even the smallest field devices and smart sensors to communicate their diagnostic data for analysis to understand functional and system status. Images courtesy: Emerson Automation Solutions

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ANSWERS

INSIDE MACHINES For example, a production supervisor might be concerned about a machine’s peak energy usage. The equipment’s energy usage data is correlated with other operating data pulled from smart sensors installed on the machine. With this analysis, the supervisor can identify the time and operating factors when the spikes in power consumption occur.

Connected devices, machine backbone

New IIoT-enabled machines and networks reach the market. The new architectures will combine smart devices with smart pneumatic valve systems incorporating industrial network interfaces, integrated I/O and local analytics capability.

The pilot projects of today will lead to the plantwide projects of tomorrow as new IIoT-enabled machines and networks reach the market. The new architectures will combine smart devices (such as sensors, input/output (I/O) modules, servo drives, robots, motor starters, etc.) with smart pneumatic valve systems incorporating industrial network interfaces, integrated I/O and local analytics capability. These smarter connected devices will form the backbone of the machines’ controls and have IIoT connectivity. While industrial networking has been used in higher-level devices for decades, it’s been too expensive to integrate into small field-level sensors. Adding a point-to-point communications technology that uses existing cabling infrastruc-

ture, such as IO-Link communications, allows data extraction from smart sensors and devices. The combination of wireless connectivity, mobile devices and wireless diagnostics and prognostics provides smart pneumatic manifolds with the analytical capabilities required for IIoT applications. The technologies deliver data from the field devices (smart sensors) through pneumatic manifolds into a machine control system. This diagnostic and prognostic data also can be routed through a separate gateway and channel that

M More ANSWERS

KEYWORDS: Industrial Internet of Things, IIoT, IO-Link Easier communications help create the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) Less downtime and greater reliability will result. ONLINE Read this story online at www.controleng.com and more stories about the IIoT and its benefits for manufacturers in different industries and applications.

CONSIDER THIS What specific benefits can the IIoT and IO-Link communications bring to your plant?

N ETWOR K SOLUTION S F OR A NY ENVIRONMEN T .

CO N N EC T & CO NV E RGE

D o wntime is l ost time . An d l ost t ime me an s los t p r o f i t a b i l i t y. Wi t h Ne x a n s I ndustrial Ethe r net Sol ut ion s, you’re g e t t in g a s olu t i o n y o u c a n t r u s t ; o n e t h a t s uppo r ts y o ur require me n t for 1 0 0 % up t ime . Nex ans giv es you th e c on fide n c e t o mak e t h e c on n e c t i o n . Vis it nexa ns .us /in du s tri al t o l e a r n more . Nexans Industrial Ethernet Solutions nexans.us/industrial • industrial.support@nexans.com 132 White Oak Rd, New Holland, PA 17557 • 717-354-6200

input #21 at www.controleng.com/information

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INSIDE MACHINES isn’t a part of the control network. This allows external devices to collect, analyze and act upon relevant process data efficiently without loading the control network with diagnostic data. It also allows users to analyze this data without affecting the machine’s process or production schedules. This IIoT-driven data analysis also can be retrofitted on existing machines.

Role of IO-Link

IO-Link (IEC 61131-9, a standard for sensor and actuator communications) allows even the smallest field devices and smart sensors to communicate their diagnostic data for analysis to understand functional and system status. IO-Link technology was conceived for setting and changing functional parameters on smart sensors using the same existing connecting media. It has developed into a communication technology that allows control of non-sensor devices such as proportional pressure regulators and valve systems. IO-Link typically is used in conjunction with a communication gateway to higher-level industrial networks such as EtherNet/IP, Profinet, EtherCAT, etc., to allow network communication to reach the lowest layer of the control system. Through these IO-Link master gateways, smart devices can send diagnostic and prognostic data digitally to high-level processors for analysis, which can take place in a local, on-site or cloud environment. New modular fieldbus valve manifolds will have the added benefit of hosting multiple IO-Link masters and act as a gateway to one Ethernet communication node. This eliminates the requirement to have a communication node for each IO-Link master, which reduces cost and complexity. Due to the modular nature of today’s fieldbus manifolds, IOLink master modules designed to integrate to a modular fieldbus valve manifold also can be distributed up to 30 meters from the fieldbus communications node, allowing convenient placement of sensors and devices on the machine. The IO-Link master modules can incorporate auxiliary power connectors for each individual IO-Link channel to provide machine designers with increased flexibility, efficiency and additional safety options. Local Wi-Fi communication will be integrated on the pneumatic valve system to simplify machine maintenance and commissioning. The user has easy data accessibility via any WiFi-enabled mobile devices without needing to download any apps. The operator or maintenance technician connects the mobile device to the Wi-Fi network and an HTML web page with the machine’s analytical data is served up to the device in the appropriate format.

Plant-wide IIoT implementation

After local experimentation, IIoT technologies will be implemented more readily on a plant-wide, operational level, and substantial benefits will be generated in machine uptime, operator safety, commissioning and product quality. IIoT technology reduces machine downtime by allowing predictive maintenance, which enables operators to identify and resolve problems in a planned and orderly fashion without disrupting the production process. Prognostics allows realtime analysis with the capability to continuously monitor the machine’s performance without adding overhead to the con-

Visit aerotech.com or Call 412-963-7470

input #23 at www.controleng.com/information

ANSWERS

AH0319A-CSG

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April 2019

CONTROL ENGINEERING

trol system. Directional control valves can be monitored for time, distance and the extent of their lifecycles. The user is alerted when there are deviations from normal operating parameters. Prognostics are a major step beyond preventive maintenance and facilitates the adjustment, repair or replacement of a component before it creates an impact on machine performance. IO-Link communication technology allows low-level devices to communicate to high-level networks in a simple, but economic way. This also brings industrial communication to even the smallest device, enabling the promise of IIoT. Wireless connectivity also permits maintenance personnel to monitor pneumatic valve systems and their connected devices in hard-to-reach locations deep inside the machine. They can diagnose a wire break, an inoperable communications module or a failed valve coil without shutting down the system or climbing around the equipment. An IO-Link sensor’s status also can be checked with a mobile device. The new smart sensors alert the user if they are broken and why they failed, which makes them easier to fix. Sensor commissioning and replacement is easier since the parameters already will be set with an .iodd file. The data generated from IIoT-enabled machines also can help diagnose problems that impact product quality. For example, the data from a machine’s sensors might indicate one of its pneumatic cylinders is not fully extending. That erosion in movement potentially could cause deterioration in the manufactured product’s quality over time. The ability to understand a component is drifting out of specification before it affects product quality will be an important advantage.

Better information for engineers

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evant information that allows machines to operate more efficiently and effectively with less downtime. ce Steven Fales is product marketing manager, fieldbus electronics and valve systems, Emerson Automation Solutions. Edited by Chris Vavra, production editor, Control Engineering, CFE Media, cvavra@cfemedia.com.

MDX Integrated Servo Motors Applied Motion Products is expanding our

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As these technologies begin appearing in machine control systems over the next few years, they will produce improved diagnostics, simplified commissioning, better safety and more consistent asset availability than before. These benefits will have important ramifications for machine builders and end-user customers in the automotive, pharmaceutical manufacturing and food and beverage industries. April 2019

Users will soon apply these technologies to solve the big problems in their manufacturing systems. For the first time, these solutions will be based on data from lower-level sensors measuring machine performance — and the data collected will automatically or systematically improve overall operations. Analyzing this new data will create rel-

Using our innovative approach to integrated motors, developed over time with our integrated stepper and StepSERVO Integrated Motor products, we now introduce MDX Integrated Servo Motors for higher speed applications. Make it Move.

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input #24 at www.controleng.com/information

• Compact 60 mm frame size • IP65 or IP20 environmental rating • Built-in EtherNet/IP, CANopen, Modbus, or SCL over Ethernet or RS-485 • Dual-port communications for easy daisy-chain connections • Q Programmer for stored program execution and stand-alone operation

ANSWERS

INSIDE MACHINES John Ritter, Rite-Hite

Think safety with automation Machine safety: Physical barriers are often the best choice after a risk assessment is performed in places where machines and workers co-exist.

M More

ANSWERS

Keywords: Machine

safety, worker safety Use risk assessments to evaluate machine guards. Machine guards, while useful, aren’t always appropriate. Physical automated barrier doors may impare productivity the least.

Consider this What applications and industries benefit most from physical safety barriers?

onLine This article online contains more safety information at www.controleng.com.

ny time a manual task can be turned into an automated one is a major operational efficiency boon for a facility, but without adequate safety measures, risks may exceed what’s acceptable. As order fulfillments speed up to meet the demands of internet-shopping customers, facility managers look for any edge available. Machinery can perform arduous yet necessary tasks at much faster rates and typically with greater precision than human workers. Automated operations, like stretch wrapping, can be done much quicker than a worker can do his or her own. Considering there are more than 1.5 million industrial robots working across the globe, it’s a sure bet production would plummet without their use in today’s world. Unfortunately, there is risk in cases where machines and workers co-exist. Facility managers who implement new equipment need to be aware of these risks and think about safeguards to protect their employees. This isn’t just best practice; it’s the law.

Understanding regulations

The point-of-interaction between robots and workers, like “running” a machine, is where the most risk and regulatory confusion often exist in a plant. The best starting point is OSHA. Per 29 CFR 1910.212(a)(3)(ii), OSHA’s General Requirements of All Machines, the process at critical interaction points must be guarded or contained to protect workers from injury. The rule states, “The point of operation of machines, whose operation exposes an employee to injury, shall be guarded. The guarding device shall be in conformity Risk can increase where machines and with any appropriate stanworkers co-exist; safeguards can help dards therefore, or, in the protect employees. Courtesy: Rite-Hite absence of applicable spe-

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April 2019

control engineering

cific standards, shall be so designed and constructed as to prevent the operator from having any part of his body in the danger zone during the operating cycle.” In the OSHA General Duties Clause in section 5: (a) Each employer: (1) Shall furnish to each of his employees employment and a place of employment which are free from recognized hazards that are causing or are likely to cause death or serious physical harm to his employees; (2) Shall comply with occupational safety and health standards promulgated under this Act. The Robotics Industries Association (RIA) R15.06 Industrial Robot Safety Standard references ISO 10218-1 and 2, Safety of Industrial Robots and Robot Systems, which address robots, robot systems and integration. RIA 15.06 was written to harmonize standards already in place in Europe. At its core, the standard requires better hazard identification, taking into account robot motion and the specific task being performed. Under this standard, safety-rated motion can be programmed using software that controls a robot’s operational area and the speed it can move at.

Risk assessments come first

RIA R15.06 requires risk assessments. Point-ofoperation guarding is perhaps the trickiest aspect of this regulation; it represents the intersections of human and machine, as well as safety and efficiency. Facility managers need to always be looking for new technology that can accelerate operations. However, they also must keep safety at the forefront of any decision. A risk assessment to determine the best machine guard is the first step. After the choices have been narrowed down by safety requirement, consider the safety option that interferes with productivity the least-physical automated barrier doors. ce

John Ritter, product manager, Rite-Hite Doors. Edited by Chris Vavra, production editor, Control Engineering, CFE Media, cvavra@cfemedia.com. www.controleng.com

Customizations & Accessories for your NEMA 4X / IP66 Nonmetallic Enclosures

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Webcasts Control Engineering webcasts help you obtain educational information on speciďŹ c topics and learn about the latest industry trends.

Check out some of our webcasts on topics like: s -ACHINE 6ISION AND )NDUSTRY s LLO4 SERIES #LOUD AND MOBILITY IN lELD OPERATIONS s LLO4 SERIES 4HE ROLE OF CONNECTIVITY IN COLLABORATIVE PROJECTS s LLO4 SERIES 3IMULATION ANALYTICS MODELING s #LOUD %20 s LLO4 SERIES #URRENT ISSUES APPLICATIONS s -OTORS AND DRIVES s (UMAN MACHINE INTERFACE HARDWARE SOFTWARE

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Redefine Capital Project Success Emerson

Companies around the globe are rethinking capital projects and achieving transformational results through innovation and expertise. They are executing effective capital projects that eliminate cost, reduce complexity, and accommodate change. See how organizations are transforming capital project efficiency with modern project management strategies, innovative engineering practices, and digital technologies. Transformational results include:

• Completing a multi-national project 11 days ahead of schedule • Shaving 5% from EPC and client instrumentation hours • Coming in under budget and with an on-spec first batch No matter the project challenges, a well-formed plan with integrated expertise and technologies can deliver improved value, an on-time and on-budget start, and a comprehensive handover to operations. In project after project around the globe, Emerson’s Project Certainty methodologies and solutions meet or exceed expectations and build a bridge to operational excellence. www.emerson.com

Download this paper here: www3.emersonprocess.com/projectcertainty/projectideabook

input #26 at www.controleng.com/information

Meet the Future: Edge Programmable Industrial Controllers Benson Hougland | Opto 22 Vice President of Marketing and Product Strategy

For today’s engineers, new demands to use and share data present three main challenges: security, complexity, and expense. These data-intensive automation applications typically require many steps and a lot of middleware: computers, gateways, drivers, parsers, custom software, licenses. Time-consuming to set up, difficult to maintain and change, they also open major security concerns. As automation engineers, we’re familiar with PLCs and PACs. Both have been improved over many years. But for the applications we want to do now and in the future, we need a new product that does much more than a PLC or PAC. We need an automation product that shrinks the middleware and lets us move data from where it’s produced to where it needs to go in much fewer steps.

That product has recently appeared on the market. It’s called EPIC—an Edge Programmable Industrial Controller. An EPIC eliminates middleware and reduces the steps required to get the data we need, thus reducing complexity, lessening security risks, and decreasing the time and expense required for installation and maintenance.

the data-intensive automation and industrial internet of things (IIoT) projects we are designing and building now. Using examples of two companies—a glass products manufacturer and an OEM (original equipment manufacturer) of industrial and commercial ovens—the paper explains the key features of EPICs and how they can solve real automation problems. Combined into one industrially hardened device, an EPIC offers: • Real-time industrial control • Gateway security standards and functions • Computer-like intelligence, speed, and communication ports • Multiple programming languages and methods • A variety of software and protocols for data communications • An integrated high-resolution touchscreen and web-based HMI for commissioning and system visualization • Software upgrades to add new features Learn how this new kind of industrial controller can simplify and secure your automation and IIoT projects, while reducing cost and complexity. Download this paper at: https://op22.co/EPICwhitepaper

This white paper explores the differences between an EPIC and a PLC or PAC and shows why an EPIC is more suited to systemseng@opto22.com • www.opto22.com

input #27 at www.controleng.com/information

Turn Remote Sites Into Smart Remote Sites Cellular Networking Solutions to Connect, Monitor and Control Remote Assets Red Lion Controls

Every business strives to protect revenue, as well as ensure uptime and availability for customers. The oil and gas, alternative energy, power, utilities, water and wastewater spaces face unique challenges when working toward these goals. They must achieve seamless connectivity, regardless of expansive territories, asset age and types of communication technology. Using cellular networking to build smart remote sites overcomes many infrastructure, financial and safety barriers. Today’s energy and utility companies operate in competitive, closely scrutinized business environments. These organizations must adhere to stringent regulatory requirements to prevent downtime for customers. When equipment fails, the resulting downtime leads to immediate financial and safety consequences. As competitive forces grow and business demands intensify, companies can capitalize on the benefits of the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) to improve their processes and data assets. Companies require more consistency, better visibility of networks, reduction of waste and loss, and increased compliance with regulatory requirements. Smart technology has the ability to connect all devices and control systems. It also delivers the visibility to collect and analyze data from both new and legacy devices. High-availability smart sites can: • Minimize or eliminate unscheduled downtime • Reduce time to repair • Provide continuous operation, regardless of communication • Increase visibility of equipment and sites • Prevent unsafe conditions • Comply with increasing regulatory conformity

insidesales@redlion.net www.redlion.net

Register to download the paper at: https://marketing.redlion.net/acton/media/34560/smart-remote-connected-sites-white-paper input #28 at www.controleng.com/information

INNOVATIONS

See more New Products for Engineers. www.controleng.com/NP4E

NEW PRODUCTS FOR ENGINEERS

Medical and information technology equipment power supply

Power Partners’ PDAM120 Series of 120W ac/dc power supplies are designed for use in either medical or information technology equipment (ITE) applications. The PDAM120 Series size is an industry standard 2 x 3-in. platform, available in open-frame, u-channel, and enclosed design options—all focused on high-efficiency and high-power density. There are three single output models: 12, 24, and 48 Vdc. Each unit features 90 to 264 Vac input voltage range, no-load power consumption of <300 mW, operating temperature range of -30 to 70°C (with derating), MTBF of >250K hours per MIL-HDBK-217F at full load/25°C ambient, and weight of 6.4 oz. Power Partners, Inc., www.powerpartners-inc.com

Input #200 at www.controleng.com/information

Advanced analytics software for process manufacturers

Hardware and software benchtop system

Seeq Corp., www.seeq.com Input #201 at www.controleng.com/information

Opto 22, www.opto22.com

Seeq Corp. announces the availability of R21, an advanced analytics software for process manufacturing customers to improve production outcomes. R21 features reflect the growing use of publishing analytics-based views to other employees, and the increased complexity of the use cases. R21 adds frequency analysis capabilities, referred to as FFT, to transform segments of a time-series signal into the frequency domain.

Opto 22’s groov Edge Programmable Industrial Controller (EPIC) Learning Center is a hardware and software benchtop system for learning and development. It lets engineers, technicians, and developers initialize, configure and program the control, visualization and communications. Hardware includes a groov EPIC processor, power supply, four-position chassis, dc input and output modules, a temperature input module and an analog input module. Hardware is assembled on a desktop operator load panel with two illuminated pushbuttons, a potentiometer, a temperature probe, a Sonalert alarm and indicator. Input #202 at www.controleng.com/information

Simplify Machine IP Integration

RemoteVPN

Maintain your factory-set IP addresses when integrating with the customer’s IP network by using a Skorpion IP Router. • Reduce installation time • Eliminate IP conflicts • Easily comply with your customer’s IP requirements • Eliminate site visits with secure remote access

IP Routers Learn more at www.ccontrols.com/machine input #29 at www.controleng.com/information

INNOVATIONS

NEW PRODUCTS FOR ENGINEERS

See more New Products for Engineers. www.controleng.com/NP4E

Solid core current transformers

AutomationDirect’s AcuAMP Solid Core current transformers are instrumentation grade (commercial class) and are designed to measure primary current. Two window openings and two mounting styles and numerous secondary ratios are available to meet most applications. Available in primary current ranges up to 1000A, the ac transformers are ideal for applications such as motor run status, pump dry run indication, and monitoring of conveyors, heaters, and power. Secondary current is 5A. AutomationDirect, www.automationdirect.com

Input #203 at www.controleng.com/information

Going the Distance with Remote Ethernet I/O Industrial-Strength Ethernet I/O with High-Density Efficiency

Safety interlock switch

Acromag’s Ethernet I/O Modules are ideal for SCADA, IIoT and remote monitoring or control applications. These rugged modules provide a very cost-effective and highly dependable solution to interface sensors, actuators, relays, instruments, and other devices to an ethernet-based control system. Acromag Advantages

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Keyence’s GS Series safety interlock switch is designed to integrate into any safety system. It has a redesigned actuator allows for much easier door closure and the ability to maintain door closure over time even when doors/gates sag or machine vibration occurs. This improvement eliminates unnecessary machine stoppages. The LED status indicators change colors depending on door status, allowing personnel to check if the door is open or closed from a distance. Keyence Corp. of America www.keyence.com

Input #204 at www.controleng.com/information

Motor control system for linear axes

Igus’ D3 dryve is designed to control linear and rotary systems without software or a personal computer. The D3 control system is suitable for all standard dc motors. It connects to a 24 V power supply. End users can set parameters on operating mode, end position switch off, acceleration, and the motor via the DiP switch. The speed can be adjusted with an onboard potentiometer. The current limiting is done on the controller. After a few simple steps, the control system can be put into operation. A LED display indicates the current status of the control system to the user with several colors. Igus, www.igus.com

Input #205 at www.controleng.com/information

input #30 at www.controleng.com/information

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April 2019

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INNOVATIONS

BACK TO BASICS: ROBOTICS Robotic Industries Association

Robotics 101: An overview for beginners Robots have advanced dramatically over the past few decades and are able to automate a wide range of tasks in an even wider range of industries inside and outside of the factory setting.

obots have advanced dramatically over the past few decades since their initial use in the automotive industry. Over the years, they’ve come to be a reliable way to automate difficult, dirty and dangerous tasks for human workers. Today’s robots are flexible and profitable. They’re able to automate a wide range of tasks in an even wider range of industries inside and outside of the factory setting. Robots are different than they were even 10 years ago. They have built-in safety features to minimize workplace incidents and work alongside human workers. With a diverse range of end-effectors and robot designs, they’ve also been expanded their potential uses compared to earlier robots. Robots are also easier to program than ever before. Some robots don’t even need programming knowledge; traditional robots require unique programming expertise. Robots are also connected to internal manufacturing execution systems (MES) and enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems and deliver performance feedback and advanced production analytics. As these features have been added to modern robots, their initial costs have been steadily decreasing. This is making robots a viable solution for just about any industrial operation.

How are robots used?

Today’s robots, whether they’re industrial, collaborative, or professional service robots, are used in a wide range of industries. While robots used to be exclusive to the automotive industry, that mindset is changing. According to an RIA press release, almost half of all robot sales in 2018 were to non-automotive companies. While automotive sales continued to hold a slim majority, sales were at its lowest level since 2010. The shift in 2018 reflects the technology advances as well as their increased affordability. Robots, as a result, are more common in everyday plant operations and can be seen industries such as:

www.controleng.com

‘

Today’s robots are… able to automate a wide range of tasks in an even wider range of industries inside and outside of the

’

factory setting. • Automotive • Assembly • Welding • Painting • Electronics • Medical device • Packaging • Material handling • Nuclear • Pharmaceutical • Mining • Agriculture • Service • Food • Security • Semiconductor

Today’s robot feature a range of intelligent, safe, and even mobile technologies that expand their capabilities. Robots were once limited to performing one simple task repetitively. Now, robots can perform a variety of tasks in a wide range of settings, which boosts their profitability. ce This article originally appeared on the Robotics Online Blog. Robotic Industries Association (RIA) is a part of the Association for Advancing Automation (A3), a CFE Media content partner. Edited by Chris Vavra, production editor, Control Engineering, CFE Media, cvavra@cfemedia.com.

M More INNOVAtIONs INNOVAt

Keywords: Robotics, automotive

industry Robots are moving beyond the automotive industry and being used in other applications. Technology advances allow robots to work inside and outside the factory settings. Robots are capable of performing many tasks, which increases their value on the plant floor.

Go online Read this at www.controleng.com for additional stories about robots and articles from the RIA.

Consider this How does your company use robots and for what applications?

control engineering

April 2019

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ad index Company

Page#

RSN

Web

ABB Motors & Mechanical . . . . . . .4 . . . . . . . . . . 4 . . . . . . . .https://baldor .abb .com Acromag, Inc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .60 . . . . . . . . 30 . . . . . . .www .Acromag .com/XT Allied Electronics . . . . . . . . . . . . . .C1, 7 . . . . . . . 5 . . . . . . . .www .alliedelec .com Automation24 . . . . . . . . . . 14, M3A-M3FF . . . . . 9 . . . . . . . .www .automation24 .com AutomationDirect . . . . . . . C2, 1, 16A-16D . . . . 1, 2 . . . . . . .www .automationdirect .com CONTEMPORARY CONTROLS . . . .59 . . . . . . . . 29 . . . . . . .www .ccontrols .com/machine Delta Computer Systems Inc . . . . .37 . . . . . . . . 18 . . . . . . .www .deltamotion .com Digi-Key ELECTRONICS . . . . . . . . .10 . . . . . . . . . 7 . . . . . . . .WWW .DIGIKEY .COM Digital Industry USA a HANNOVER MESSE event . . . . . . .26 . . . . . . . . 15 . . . . . . .www .digitalindustryusa .com Emerson Automation Solutions . .56 . . . . . . . . 26 . . . . . . .www3 .emerson .com/projectcertainty/projectideabook EPICOR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29 . . . . . . . . 16 . . . . . . .www .epicor .com Festo Corporation . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22 . . . . . . . . 12 . . . . . . .www .festo .com HAMMOND MANUFACTURING . .44 . . . . . . . . 19 . . . . . . .www .hammondmfg .com Inductive Automation . . . . . . . . . . .Bellyband . . . . . . . . . . .www .inductiveautomation .com/ignition Maple Systems Inc . . . . . . . . . . . . .25 . . . . . . . . 14 . . . . . . .www .maplesystems .com Moore Industries - Intl . Inc . . . . . . .2 . . . . . . . . . . 2 . . . . . . . .www .miinet .com Newark . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19 . . . . . . . . 10 . . . . . . .www .newark .com OPTO 22 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .57 . . . . . . . . 27 . . . . . . .www .opto22 .com ORACLE NETSUITE . . . . . . . . . . . .21 . . . . . . . . .11 . . . . . . .www .netsuite .com/mfg Phoenix Contact . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23 . . . . . . . . 13 . . . . . . .www .phoenixcontact .com/welltested

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Bailey Rice (630) 571-4070 x2206 BRice@CFEMedia.com AK, AZ, CA, CO, HI, ID, MT, NV, NM, OR, UT, WA, WY, Western Canada

Iris Seibert (858) 270-3753 ISeibert@CFEMedia.com CT, DE, MD, ME, MA, NC, NH, NY, NJ, PA, RI, SC, VA, VT, WV, DC, Eastern Canada

Julie Timbol (978) 929-9495 JTimbol@CFEMedia.com International (outside U.S., Canada)

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Jim Langhenry, Co-Founder/Publisher, CFE Media JLanghenry@CFEMedia.com Steve Rourke, Co-Founder, CFE Media SRourke@CFEMedia.com

Phoenix Contact . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35 . . . . . . . . 17 . . . . . . .www .phoenixcontact .com/LLW

Elena Moeller-Younger, Marketing Manager 773-815-3795, EMYounger@CFEMedia.com

RADWELL INTERNATIONAL, INC .13 . . . . . . . . . 8 . . . . . . . .www .Radwell .com

Kristen Nimmo, Marketing Manager KNimmo@CFEMedia.com

Red Lion Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . .58 . . . . . . . . 28 . . . . . . .www .redlion .net

Brian Gross, Marketing Consultant, Global SI Database 630-571-4070, x2217, BGross@CFEMedia.com

SEW-EURODRIVE, Inc . . . . . . . . . . .9, C4 . . . . . 6, 32 . . . . . .www .seweurodrive .com

Michael Smith, Creative Director 630-779-8910, MSmith@CFEMedia.com

Yaskawa America, Inc . . . . . . . . . . .C3 . . . . . . . . 31 . . . . . . .www .yaskawa .com Inside Machines Aerotech Inc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .M7 . . . . . . . 23 . . . . . . .www .aerotech .com Allied Moulded Products, Inc . . . . .M10 . . . . . . 25 . . . . . . .www .alliedmoulded .com Applied Motion Products . . . . . . . .M8 . . . . . . . 24 . . . . . . .www .Applied-Motion .com Beckhoff Automation LLC . . . . . . . .M2 . . . . . . . 20 . . . . . . .www .beckhoff .com Control Engineering Webcasts . . . .M10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .www .controleng .com/webcast Nexans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .M5 . . . . . . . 21 . . . . . . .www .nexans .us/industrial WAGO Corp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .M6 . . . . . . . 22 . . . . . . .www .wago .us

Paul Brouch, Director of Operations PBrouch@CFEMedia.com Michael Rotz, Print Production Manager 717-766-0211 x4207, Fax: 717-506-7238 mike.rotz@frycomm.com Maria Bartell, Account Director, Infogroup Targeting Solutions 847-378-2275, maria.bartell@infogroup.com Rick Ellis, Audience Management Director 303-246-1250, REllis@CFEMedia.com Letters to the editor: Please e-mail us your opinions to MHoske@CFEMedia.com or fax 630-214-4504. Letters should include name, company, and address, and may be edited. Information: For a Media Kit or Editorial Calendar, go to www.controleng.com/mediainfo. Marketing consultants: See ad index. Custom reprints, electronic: Marcia Brewer, Wright’s Media, 281-419-5725, mbrewer@wrightsmedia.com

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