PUBLISHED
BY
STUDENTS' ASSOUIATION Provincial Institute uf Textiles
HAMILTON, ONTARIO
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CONTENTS '56 TEXTUS Staff, Students' Association Officers . Greetings from the Principal ....
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Second Year Students
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First Year Students
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The Staff
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Mill Visits
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Theses Ti ties - 1956
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The Thesis
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Sport Hi-Lites Smokers ..
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Through the Looking Glass . Alumni Chatter ......
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H ere a nd There Our Social Column
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Graduates ... '56-' 57 Calendar . .
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Message from the P resident of the Students' Council ... From the Editor
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The P erkin's C entenary
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The Textile Industry in Pakistan ....
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Students' Association Officers President ... ..... ................... .... ...... .
J. J.
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Vice-President
Walsh
..... L. E. Liddle
Treasurer
W. C . Wilton
Secre tary .
F . Ball
.... R. A. Dods
3rd Year R epresentative .
... G. Mohmand
2nd Year Representative 1st Year Representative .
..... .... ........ .......... ..... .... . G. Vetrecin
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Editor of Textus ... ..... ....... ... ... .. ............ .
A . Travers
.... ................. ...... A. F. Buckland
Athletic Chairman
C . Courtemanche, L. Lavigne
Athletic Representatives Social Convenor
P . G. Grosbein
Staff Advisors ...
.. ................. .. .. D. Leis,r..man, S. Mitminger, D. Cooper
1956 Textus Staff J erome Travers
Editor
.. Bill Wilton
Assista nt Editor . S taff M embers ... ...... .
. ..... ... ... ..... ...... Fred Ball, Art Buckland Paul Grosbein, Dick Lalonde 7
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C. C. ASHCROFT lElrindpal
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Greetings from the Principal "Sorry ! The graduates are all placed. You had better advertise and see if you can find one of an earlier year who is ready for a promotion a nd a change." Not only is the foregoing statement true for tb..e class of 1956, it is also true, at the time of writing, for the class of 1957 and for half the class of 1958. Nor is this condition unique to P .I.T. Published reports in recent years from other textile schools have stressed the number of job openings p er graduate and the starting salaries. On the surface it makes strange reading in the light of depressing reports of some of the economic troubles of the industry. But the Canadian textile industry is not standing still nor is it going into a long d ecline, as a careful study of the situation will disclose. Since the opening of P.I.T. there h as been a recurring annual demand for graduates, a demand that is spread throughout the year, a demand that w e have been unable to meet. The problem and the solution can be st a ted in simple terms. The industry wants more t extile school graduates. Therefore, the textile schools need to recruit more students. More students will enrol in the textile schools w,h en the high school seniors, their parents and teachers are satisfied that t echnical careers in t extiles are as worth-while as are careers in other phases of the economy. I h ave selected this them e for my message in Textus 1956 b ecause from:i both the short term and the long t erm views the stud ents of P .I.T. are concerned about the supply of gradua t es and should be doing sometb.ing about it. The graduates are in a very favourable position for action. They have b een through the school and are busy carving out t h eir chosen careers. They can speak from first-ha nd experiences. It is well that ou r Alumni Association is increasing its activity. The present students have d emonstrated su ch a capacity for getting things done that I fain would like to divert some of their energy to recruiting. Much credit IS due to President Walsh and the Student Associa tion Officers for an outstanding year of student activities a nd P.I.T. spirit. To the graduates of '56 I say - " Take into the work situation the sam e whole-hearted enthusiasm for the job in h a nd that you have had while a t P.I.T. and y our careers are assu red". And finally, to the Editor, commendation for a job well done. F rom advance glimpses of T extus '56 I foresee tha t you can hold your h ead high among your pred ecessors.
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Message from the President of the Students' Association The end? No, only the b eginning. After 3 years, we now realize that the learning we have received is only the nucleus around which, by experience in the t extile industry, we will a ttain a solid career in t extiles.
It is the end though of a close association with our Principal and individual instructors, w,l->n have given gen erously in time and effort to educate us. The past year has b een an active y ear for the Association. The production of the P.I.T. Follies which should become an annual event, as well as dances a nd sports, provided a full curriculum. With the expected increase of enrolment n ext year, the long awaited fraternity house should materialize. I hope it is a huge success. I would like to thank personally Mr. Ashcroft for his guidance throughout the past year and the student body for their support of the Association. This year's "Textus" will set a high standard for succeeding years. Congrats J erry ! My sincere congratulations to each of the graduates. I am sure everyone will be very successful in his c.rnsen field. DON WALSH
TEXTUS '56 takes this opportunity to congratulate Mr. C . C. Ashcroft on his Twenty-fifth Anniversary as an employee in the Civil Service. The whole student body wishes him congratulations and "Best Wishes" for the future.
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FROM THE EDITOR Another graduating class, another yearbook. Thus do my confreres a nd myself, after three years of preparation, go out into industry. In tb.e past three years we have merely sipped at the cup of knowledge. Now ill anticipation, the real task begins. A~
we hear the current Tin Pan Alley h it "Memories are made of This", we look back through the past three years. We think of the good na tured inter-d epartmental joshing, esp ecially D yers vs. Manufacturers, skating on the marsh, hockey skirmishes, basketball games, the wiener roasts and sleighrides, all come back to us. We think of the ping-pong games in the common room, coffee at Hanks, the Moose, smokers, mill visits, initiation. We reminisce of bridge games in the wee hours, the '55 P .I.T. Follies, football games on Saturday at Civic Stadium, our social Yisits to Toronto. As \Ne loo~ around us, we think of the labs, Sigma t est ers, pin drafters, test tubes, looms, exams and theses. Soon all of these vvill be bu t memories, fond m emories for this graduating class, for we h ave learned to work and play together, take each other for w,hat we are, and be forgiving of each other's faults. Thus each student enjoyed a fuller, happi er and more constructive three years. My message wouldn't be complete without my saying "Th a nks F ellows" for "We'll have these moments to remember." With regard to Textus '56, we hope tha t our readers enjoy this pub lication and regard our errors with a tolerant smile. T ,hanks are in order for many: to Mr. Ashcroft and Mr. L eishman for their guidance and patience; to the advertisers who made this book possible; to the grads who gave their co-operation; to Textus staff for their loyal assistance, and to a ll who have rendered assistance, we thank heartily. JEROME TRAVERS, Editor.
Special plaudits go out to our secretarial staff who so graciously and willingly gave their assistance in the making up of this book. We would like to say " Good-bye" to Mrs. Jean Bramer who left us due to ill-health last December and at the same time officially welcome Miss Gill ',Yells who has a bly replaced Mrs. Bramer. Therefore, thanks to Misses Lillian Tilston and Gill W ells for their fine job in typing. 11
GRADUATES
ARTHUR F. BUCKLAND-Art drew his first breath m Montreal in 1934. At a n early age h e moved to Cornwall, and it was here tha t he graduated from the Cornwall Collegiate and Vocational School. During his tenure at P.I.T., Art has been directly connected with sports, having been Sports Chairma n this year. He excels in ping-pong, hockey and bridge, a nd has lately caught the ski bug. Art was the "Big Gun" in basketball and it was his hustle that kept the boys as a good t eam both in basketball and hock ey. Through Art's vwn ingenuity, assisted by Courta ulds Ltd. h e provided the P.I.T. Panters with badly need ed hockey equipment. An enthusiastic sports fa n , h e is a follower of the Tiger-Cats a nd "sole" supporter of the Jr. A. Cubs. H e still h as time to rave about the Chicago Black H awks or Cleveland Indians. As for marriage, w e hope to keep him single for a while, but at present we can 't m a ke a ny promises. Art is g r aduating in Cotton Spinning and will display his a bilities while working for Courtaulds ( Canada) Ltd., Cornwall. Art's pleasing a nd humorous personality will carry him far in his chosen career. Go¡od luck, Art!
ROBERT A . DODS- Born in Orangeville at an early age ( 1934) r eceived his education a t the Ora ngeville District Hig h School. During his stay in Hamilton, Bob managed to play hockey and was a stalwart guard on our b a sketball team. He was ¡one of the top three ping-pong players and is one of the better bridge players. In his second y ear B_ob was our capable Vice-President. However, skiing is Bob's first love a nd he nearly had two "buddies" killed whilst tr yin g to teach them to ski down a hill frontwa rds. Bob was the gracious host -of two tobogganing week-ends when Class ' 56 invad ed Ora ngeville, later returning to school with crutches a nd casts. H e is a lso a devoted Maple L eaf fan in N.H.L. a nd h e cheers for the Barrie Flyers in the Jr. O.H.A. His musical efforts echo along the corridors from the common room pia no, m a n y numbers being from th e numerous Broadway shows tha t he has seen. Bob, a top student in C lass ' 56, w ill r eceive his diploma in knitting, whereupon h e will be employed by the Dads' Knitting Co. Ltd. in Orangeville. As Bob is a well-balanced, serious-minded, hardworking fellow, ther e is no doubt that success will be his in all that h e a ttempts. Good Luck Bob!
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JEROME A. TRAVERS- Jerry came into being in Hamilton in D ecember 15, 19 35 . Graduating from Cathedr al High School, h e d ecided to enter P.I.T and is graduating in knitting. J erry is ed itor of th e finest of " T exti" a nd was Assistant editor in second year . He spent three years att empting to justify Hamilton to the "out-of-towners". Being a m ember of the Buck-Dods-Jerry-Walsh bridge group, he was the only man able to make a suit go around five times. J erry is noted for leading the boys to cultural outings, being a thespia n himself. His proud moments come in winning Curling bonsplels, as h e is a vice-skip of note. J erry also p layed a trumpet in the Canadia n C hampion R .H.L .I. Trumpet Band. Sports-wise h e played d efen ce on the school hockey team, comin g in to his own near the end of the sea son. J err y, with his ever present tact and p ersuasive personali ty, seems inevi ta bly h eaded for a successful life in sales or personnel work. As h e was on a sch olarship from the E aton Knitting Co. J erry will be using his p ersonality a nd ability there for a successful career. Good Luck, J erry!
DONALD J. J. WALSH- Don started to la ug h for the first time on D ecember 22, 1932, in Cobalt, Ontario. He attended Kirkland Lake High School and Scollard Hall College before leaving the "NORTH" to come to P.I.T. H e was bookstore manager in 2nd year and is the busy, efficien t President of the Students Association this year. D on is a 3 year member of the basketball team, throws a speedy softball in Spring, kicks a football furthest in fall, leads the school in ping-pong a nd plays a bit of hockey. H e came out for hockey occasionally and flashed a style which made him a former Jr. B. standout. When not passing out Northern propaga nda or engineering that 7 No Trump hand, h e ch eers fanatically for the Canadiens a nd Aloue ttes. Don was in his element hustling around organising sch ool wien er roasts out at Cha rlie' s. With Don on the m ¡ove you could rest assured everything was und er control. Don is graduating in Worsted Spinning and will work with the P aton Mfg . Co. Ltd. in Sherbrooke, Que. in Quality Control. His charm and inimitable laugh will make friends for him wherever he goes. Good Luck Don!
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LINDSAY E . LIDDLE-Born in Hope town in the Ottawa Valley in 1935, L in later moved to P erth, where he attended Perth Collegiate. Lin was quite active on the Students' Association Executive, h aving served as Secretary, Treasurer, a nd V ice-President. He was the star goal-tender f01¡ the P.I.T. "Panters" and also is an agile ping-pong player. Besides being star cornetist with the Perth Citizens Band, Sergea nt Liddle is in the reserve artillery. Dyeing is Lin's specialty, and it was his responsibility to drive the dyers around the countryside on m ill visits. His interests tend towards hospitals, the Ottawa Civic and Hamilton G eneral in particula r . Lin was sponsored by the Code Felt a n d Knitting Co. Ltd. Lin is noted for his capacity to work and with such industriousness, coupled with his generous personality, there is no doubt that Lindsey ~ill be a success. Good Luck L in!
P AUL M. GROSBEIN-Paul was born in Toronto in 1932. He attended Harbord a nd Bloor Collegiates before coming to P.I.T. to study the mysteries of textile chemistry and d yeing. Previously P aul attended the Institute's night classes for one year before starting the d ay cou rse. Paul is our Social Convenor, taking charge of our smokers, dances, etc. and was the compe tent "emcee" at the first P.I.T. Follies night. His interests include ping-pong and badminton and photography ( h e manages to get in the pictures h e takes) . Besides being the school a uthority on Gilbert and Sullivan, P a ul h as spent several summers as ca mp counsellor. It was here that he deve loped his waterpolo abilities. A lthough he has not yet decided on his place of employment we know that Paul, with his friendly smile and willingness to lend a hand, will certainly be a worthy addi tion to any company. Good luck P a ul!
ALEKSANDRS LEJNIEKS-Alex was born in Riga, L atvia, in 1925. He received h is primary education in O ldenburg, Germany, and la ter attended the Baltic University in H amburg where he studied mechanical engineering. Alex came to Canada in 1948, and his vocabulary has improved so well that he could now pass an Army j argon test quite easily. AI is a ve teran of P .I.T. as he t ook his first and second years part-time whilst still working. He is the only married man in Class ' 56. AI is a quiet fellow, and is the brunt of many a mispronunciation error regarding his name. Weaving is the department in which he is gradu ating a nd will be employed by Hamilton Cottons upon graduating. Alex is an extremely conscientious and careful worker, and with his large capacity for work coupled with his natural t a lents and abilities, we know tha t Alex will certainly be an asset to H amilton Cottons. Good Luck AI!
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Proposed
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9 56 - 57 Calendar
September 10, 1956
Registration at P .I.T.
September 11 , 1956
Lectures Commence
September 12, 1956
Council Meeting
September 14, 1956 ...
.. Stud ents' Association Meeting
September 17, 1956
....... .. ... Initiation Day
September 21, 1956
Nomination of 1st Year Officers
September 28, 1956
Election of 1st Year Officers
October 3, 1956
Council Meeting
October 18, 1956
............. ..... ........ Woollen and ¡worsted Smoker
November 2, 1956
Council Meeting
November 16, 1956
Knitter's Smoker
November 23, 1956
... ....... . Fall Dance
November 30, 1956
Council Meeting
December 17, 1956
Commencement of Christmas Vacation Commencement of Lectures
January 2, 1957
January 4, 1957 ........ .. .. ........... .... ................. ........ ..... ........ Council Meeting Ja nuary 17 , 1957 January 25, 1957 .
... ... .. ... .. ........... .. .......... ... .... ........ ..... ..... .. .. Cotton Smoker ... ...... ....... ...
....... .. Council Meeting .. ..... .... ...... ...... Weavers' Smoker
F ebruary 14, 1957 F ebruary 22, 1957 March 1, 1957
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Students' Association Meeting
......... .................... .. ......................... Council Meeting
March 21, 1957
... ............ ............. .... .......... ..... ...... Dyers' Smoker
March 22, 1957
..... ....... .......... .. .............. .. ....... .... .... ............. Spring Dance
April 5, 1957 ....... ............. ... .. ............. ..... ... ...... ................... Council Meeting April 19, 1957
.. .......................... ... ......... Students' Association Meeting
April 26, 1957 .. ........ ....... ........................... ... Nomination of '57-'58 Officers May 3, 1957 ... .............. ......... .. .......................... ..... .... ............. Council Meeting May 6, 1957 ............... ............. ......... .... ...... ...... ..... Election of '57-'58 Officers May 17, 1957 .. .............. .......... .. ...................... ......... ................. End of Session May 25, 1957 .... .................... ...... ....... .. .... ......... .. ... .. ............... Graduation Day
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SECOND YEAR STUDENTS WILLIAM WILTON- Fisherville, Ontario.
LEO LAVIGNE- 163 Montreal Road, Cornwall, Ontario. Sponsored by Courtaulds (Canada) Ltd.
RONALD HANSON-500 Mary St. North, Hamilton, Ontario.
GOBAR Z. MOHMAND-Peshawar, N.W.F.P., Pakistan.
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FIRST YEAR STUDENTS Back row, from left to right: RICHARD L. LALONDE-21 Duncan St., Cornwall, Ont. Sponsored by Courtaulds (Canada) Ltd. CLAUDE R. COURTEMANCHE-375 Sherbrooke St., Magog, Quebec. Sponsored by Dominion Textile Co. Ltd. JOSEPH F. FLOSMAN-R.R. 2, Hamilton, Ontario. ROBERT C. DICKSON-9 Sherring St. S., Hagersville, Ont. JOSE RAMON GONZALEZ-16 de Septembre # 1902, Puebla, Pue., Mexico. ROLAND A. BOYER-402 Louisa St., Cornwall, Ontario. Sponsored by Courtaulds (Canada) Ltd.
Front row, left to rig,bt: · FRED J. WHITEHEAD-7 Poniente Ave de la Paz 2116, Puebla, Pue., Mexico. GEORGE P. VETRECIN-Fenwick, Ontario. CHARLES W. BOW:MAN-24 Railway St., Hagersville, Ont. FRED W. BALL-12 Queenston Road, Fruitland, Ontario.
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W.l-IODGSON
0 . C.OOPE R
S. IY\tT.M fNGER
K ,J . COX
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THE STAFF Mr. C. C. Ashcroft-After leaving the Canadian Army as Field Artillery Lieutenant Mr. Ashcroft attended the University of Toronto and graduated with a B.A.Sc. in 'civil Engineering, followed by a B.Paed., in postgraduate work. He first taught at one of the Toronto Technical Schools and then became the first shop director at Oshawa Technical School. Mr. Ashcroft then took a position on the staff of the Ontario Training College for Technical Teachers, where he later became principal. In September of 1946, Mr. Ashcroft assumed his duties as principal of the Provincial Institute of Textiles. Mr. W. Hodgson- Mr. Hodgson graduated from Bradford Technical College in woollen and worsteds. H e acquired spinning and weaving experience at Henry Mason Ltd., Shipley. After service with the R.A .F. in the rank of Flight-Lieutenant, Mr. Hodgson returned to Mason's. Mr. Hodgson is an associate of the Textile Ins titute. Mir. D. Cooper-A graduate of the University of Manchester, in Textile Chemistry, Mr. Cooper was for some years on the staff of I.C.I. Limited. He then became a lecturer in Dyeing and Textile Chemistry at Huddersfield T echnical College, leaving that post to accept an appointment as chemist with Vantona Textiles, Limited, Bolton, L ancashire. Mr. S. Mitminger-Mr. Mitminger holds the degree of B.Sc. (Tech. ) from the University of Manchester which he attended after service with the Polish Army and Air Force with the rank of Lieut enant. The College Diploma in Textiles from the Bolton Municipal T echnical College and the City and Guilds of London Full Technical Certificate in Cotton Spinning are also held b y Mr. Mitminger. He did postgraduate research work at the Shirley Institute. Before joining the staff of P .I.T., Mr. Mitminger was employed by Canadian Celanese Ltd. Mr. Mitminger is an Associate of the Textile Institute. Mr . .E. Greenhalgh-A graduate of the College of Technology where h e r eceived his M.Sc. a nd A .M.C.T., Mr. Greenhalgh is a lso an M .C .I.C., the corresponding d egree in ·Canada. H e was employed by British D yes, by I.C.I. making dyestuffs and intermediates, and by British Celanese as their dyehouse manager. Before coming to P.I.T., he was hea d of H amilton Cottons' dyehouse. Mr. Greenhalgh is a life member of the British Association of Chemists which g ives a degree of M.B.A.C. Mr. N. H. Pomfret-Mr. Pomfret is a n Associate of the Textile Institute. He holds the Full Technological Certificate in Cotton Spinning from the City and Guilds of London Institute and the Full Certificate in Cotton Spinning and allied subjects ·of the L a ncashire and Cheshire Union. He a ttended Bolton Textile College and served an apprenticeship in Spinning with L aburnum Spinning Company in Atherton, Engl a nd, where he was employed for 2 1 years. H e served with the British Colonial D evelopment in the British West Indies, setting up an experimenta l spinning plant. Prior to joining the staff of the Institute, he was with The Montreal Cottons Limited, Valleyfield, P.Q. Mr. D. S. Leishman-Mr. L eishman, the most recent addition to the P.I.T. staff, holds a City and Guilds of London Certificate in Knitting a nd Hosiery M anufacture. Prior to the war, h e was employed by Innes Henderson and Company. Harwick. H e served with the R .A .F. ,and after th e war joined the lecturing staff of the City of Nottingham Educati·on committee to lecture in knitting. Mr. L eishman is an· Associate of the T extile Institute. Mr. W. B. Neeb--Following his gradu ation from commerce a nd finance a t the U niversity of Toronto with the B. Com. d egree, Mr. N eeb worked for five years in severa l business companies. Graduation from the Onta rio College of Education was followed by service overseas as a Lieutenant in the R.C.A. When teaching at C entral Secondar)'l School, he obtained the B.Paed. degree with Honours. Mr. Neeb was appointed Commercial Director of D elta Secondary School in 1952. Mr. K. J. Cox- Mr. Cox earned a B.Sc. a nd a n M .A. a t the University of Boston. Since then, h e has also done post-graduate work at the University of Toronto. Mr. C ox is a member of the American Psychological Ass·ociation, the Canadian Psychological Association, and the American Psychome tric Association. At present, h e h as a private practice as consulta nt psychologist in Hamilton. Mr. F. H. Hallet- Mr. Hallet, on g raduating from Toronto Secondary Schools, served an a pprenticeship as a toolma ker a nd later as a toolroom foreman with the United States Corporation. H e was a machine tool sales engin eer with the J ackson M achine Tool Co., and l ater attended the Onta rio Training College for Technical Teachers where h e r eceived a certificate as a Vocational Specialist T each er of Machine ·Shop Practice. Mr. Halle t taught sheet m etal work a nd welding at t he Weston Collegiate and Vocational Sch·ool until moving to Central Seconda ry School, Hamilton, as a machine shop teach er. M.r. Hallet is now shop director. 21
MILL VISITS We would like to take this space to thank the mills for the way in which the students were received on their visits to the industry. We were made most welcome and acquired much information that is not always available at the Institute. Thank you once again. T,r..e following are the mills visited during the 1955-56 session: BELL THREAD COMPANY LIMITED
Hamilton
CANADIAN COTTONS LIMITED
Hamilton
CANADIANA TEXTILE PRINT WORKS LIMITED
Toronto
CIBA COMPANY LIMITED
Toronto
COSMOS IMPERIAL MILLS LIMITED
Hamilton
EATON KNITTING COMPANY LIMITED
Hamilton
GLENDALE SPINNING MILLS LIMITED
Hamilton
HAMILTON COTTONS LIMITED
Hamilton
HARDING CARPETS
Brantford
LA FRANCE TEXTILES LIMITED MORA WK MILLS LIMITED
Woodstock Hamilton
NARROW FABRIC WEAVING AND DYEING LIMITED
Galt
NATIONAL HOSIERY MILLS LIMITED
Hamilton
PORRITTS AND SPENCER (Canada) LIMITED
Hamilton
PROCTOR AND GAMBLE COMPANY LIMITED
Hamilton
RIVERSIDE SILK MILLS LIMITED SANDOZ (Canada) LIMITED
Galt Toronto
STAUFFER-DOBBIE LIMITED
Galt
YORK KNITTING MILLS, ZIMMERKNIT DIVISION 22
Hamilton
THESES TITLES A. Buckland: Correlation of yarn C.V. with lea strength of 1 )12 and 3 d e nier viscose.
R. Dods: " Physiological Aspects of Underwear Fabrics" rela ting to thermal insulating properties and p ermeability of water vapour.
P. Grosbein: Investigation of appli cation of colour ed pigments to textiles through printing. A. Lejnieks: R ela tion between tongue tear test a nd Mullen bursting test.
L. Liddle: Stiffening felt fabrics with con verted starches.
J. Travers: Correlation between yarn tensile strength and knitted fabric bursting strength . D. Walsh: P rocessing of Terylene on Pin Drafter Systems.
Variety N ight -
Mexican students doing the "Hat Dance."
THE THESES During the 1954-55 session, a study of the following ideas was made m the Cotton Depa rtment: (a) The influence of various properties of co tton a nd terylene b lends on the ya rn skein strength; ( b ) The twist fac tors to give optimum strength for each b lend; (c) The high est commercia l count for each blend. The highest commercial count being d efin ed as the hig hest count to w hich the b lend co uld b e spun without the m ean count strength falling below 2000. The thesis carried out in the Knitting D ep ar tmen t a lthou g h primarily an investigation of t he r elaxation ch aract eristics of plain knitted structure in relation to their texture and the yarn from which they were made, also involved a n appraisal of the various m e thods of indicating fabric faults. Both investigations y ielded much vaiuable inform a tion, but it was not considered that the results of the secondary study w ere of the more practical value. I n the Woollen a nd Worsted D epa rtmen t a comp arison between the evenness of te r ylen e yarns spun o n the woollen mule a nd wool frame was made. Yarns as fin e as 8 run w ere spun successfully a nd t h e r esults indicated that both systems were satisfactory from evenness point of view and there was no substantia l differen ce between the two systems. A studv of the effect of yarn tension, yarn count a nd winds employed on the p ackage densi ty in p in winding was underta ken in th e W eaving D epartment. T h e study was m ade in order to provide some m eans of predicting the leng ths of yarn which will be wound by any tension on a ny yarn count. Calculations w er e made based on d ensity and the value of the curves were found. Several important rela tions between the above p aram eters were found empirically. Again this year th e Chemistry D epartment had the largest number of gradua tes, and thus more work was carried out in this field. One thesis h a d to do with the analysis a nd control of r educed d yeb a ths. R educed dyeba ths are used in the dyeing of vat d yes and h a rmful effects can r esult from over or under reduction. In the n ewly d evelope d large-scale con tinuous dyeing careful control is essentia l. The thesis studied various methods of measuring the reducing power and thus recording t he r a te a t which oxidation took place. Another chemist studied various stripping m ethods on d y ed textile fibres, especially cotton a nd wool. This was a very important subject; because frequently d yes must b e removed from the m a terial. There is no universal stripping agent a nd thus th e problem is made greater. The m e thod used has to remove the d ye and not harm the fabric. Many tests were mad e and the resul ts of most of the known m ethods were tried un a selection of different types of d yes tuff and materia l. A lso in the Chemistry D epartment a compa rison w a s made of vat printing b y the flash ageing method and the conventional process, together with. a study of sume properties of various thicken ers. The superb fastness of vat d yes makes them extremely valuable for the highest quality prints. However, due t o difficulties of processing, not all vat d yes are a pplicable by the ordin a ry meth ods. A new process called the flash ageing method has b een devised w h ereby th e pigment is printed on a n d at some convenien t time reprint ed with a lkali a n d a reducin g agent, followed by steaming. Comparisons w ere of both methods on four different dyes. Anoth er thesis which had a great d eal of wor k connected with it, consisted of t he prepar a tion and d yeing properties of some insoluble azine derivatives of anthraquinone. There is one class of dye, t h e azo type, which is sometimes u sed for acet a te, nylon or t erylene. Since th ese do n o t give the fastes t shades an investigation w a s made on three new dyes from anthraquinone derivatives. A number of dyeings were made and different tests were made as to their fastness.
24
HERE and THERE The following are some of the highlights in the different d epartments of P.I.T. during the year 1955-56.
COTTON DEPARTMENT The cotton spinners ( P .I. T .' s confirmed optirnis ts) played some lively tunes on their six machines during the 1955-56 session, but there were several discordant sounds heard when the balance weights of tJ:-...e card cylinder b ecame loose and the wool spinners lost their gauges. However, from the confusion, discussion and arguments, there emerged two outstanding events. The opening of 12"5s Cotton Counts yarn, and the spinning of a 20s yarn with a CV of 12 % . We had better underline the latter event, coefficient of variation between weights of one centimetre length, within a length of 48 metres. Yarns were a lso spun from Arnel, Viscose, Terylene and Nylon. At the time of going to press, double carded yarn is being attempted. The optimists are expecting more machinery shortly which will enable them to process staple lengths up to about 3". They are also expecting better lighting in their department. DYEING DEPARTMENT The main advancement in the D yeing Deptrtment has been the ext ension of activi ties to the r ealms of a major scale of operations in the n ew dyehouse where four new pieces of equipment were put to use and with conm1endable promptitude, three of them drew in material from our sister dep artments thereby providing our students with valuable evidence that certain chemicals and treatment would disintegrate fibres. A less spectacular but equally useful purpose was served by the D ye Beck when it functioned as a coke cooler on Variety Night; also all the drapes for tha t show were dyed m the \1\'inch and several other pieces have b een successfully processed. Our pride and joy is the High T emperature P ackage or Raw Stock dyeing machine. This involves a n ew technique in dyeing and has b een developed primarily as what is probably the b est way of overcoming the difficulty of dyeing some of tJ:-...e n ew h ydrophobic man-made fibres. It may be said to b e bristling with scientific fundamentals and therefore is a most interesting machine to control and manipulate. We are glad to record it 1->...as been " loa ned" to industry on several occasions. \1\Te can r ecord a most amiable association with industry-t echnical information comes flowing in, samples are to be had for the asking, speakers come to the school and we are welcomed and thoroughly looked after on all our mill visits.
It h as been said that billiards will a lways be greater than the players; so it is with dyeing. Oh that we ,}>...ad the opportunities to investigate all its m vsteries.
25
HERE and THERE (continued) KNITTING DEPARTMENT Activities in the Knitting Department ranged, as u sual, over a fairly wide field, and although no major project was undertaken, several of a m_inor character were completed successfully. Among the machines which received special attention were the Komet B.R., Brinton¡ M .F .R.B., Wildt R .T.R. and F .N.F. and Aveco warp knitting machines. The Komet h ad its ~irst encounter with textured yarns a nd the products made a favourable impression. Little time was availa ble for the making up of knitted garments, but the sewing mac.h.ines, nevertheless, were extremely active for several days prior to the concert. Much gratitude is due to the spinners for m a intaining the yarn stocks at an adequate level and for m eeting whenever possible the needs of the D ep artment.
WOOLLEN AND WORSTED DEPARTMENT During the past year the woollen and worsted department has processed wool, nylon, orion, terylene and arnel separately and in blends on conventional Bradford and Pin Drafter systems. On the woollen system, T erylene and "United Nations" b lends have b een processed. In addition many slubbings and yarn have b een tested for regularity for spinners in the district.
WEAVING DEPARTMENT The following are some of the new equipment arrivals in the Weaving Department throug;l>..out the year:
1. The Reaching-In Machine- currently being used to relieve the students of some of the mechanical work of drawing in new warps. 2. A modern creel for the large power driven sectional warper. 3. The Ruti loom now weaving viscose and acetate gabardine cloth. 4. A lOOW Saurer, 4xl- box, circular battery loom. Now in the process of erection. 5. The slasher supplied with steam controls and mixing tank. Other activities included the weaving of a screen printed warp into a Shadow ¡a rettonne, P.I.T. tie fabric on the Jacquard and various types of Terylene fabrics from yarns supplied by the Spinning Departments. 26
Student on new Pressure D yeing Machine.
D es ig ning W eaving.
On stage after the '55 Follies.
27
and
analysis
in
"OUR SOCIAL COI-JUMN" Although the initiation program again opened the P.I.T. "social season," we would like to give honourable mention to the Graduation dance of 1955. Well, once again the senior "underdogs" rallied to win the opening ball game over first year. Since the freshmen lost they had to undergo a week of good-natured fun. Those not complying were brought to justice m a "kangaroo-court''-Judge Grosbein, presiding. A weiner and corn roast up at Charlie Smith's farm made for a great start to get all the gang together early in the term. It was an overwhelming success in spite of the fact that a couple of the fellows went swimming fully clothed. (Thanks for those dry pants, Charlie). The biggest event in P .I.T. social life occurred on D ecember 2 when after many hours of hard work and practice, the students came through with a grand performance on our great variety night and dance. During the winter mont,r..s, skating was the main pastime and the fellows lost no time in weeding out the"skating type" nurses at the Hamilton General. Early December seemed like a good time for an outing so a party was arranged for the El Moroco. Once inside a great time was had by all and friend " Bucky" took the bull by the horns with his unique picture taking. T'was one wintry night when J erry learned tha t it's dark without light . . . but h e managed to get to the Smith farm before the sleigh pulled out and was able to join the gang in a good "ole-fashion" sleigh ride. The sleighing culminated in an informal dance in the Smith house with Ron Hanson maintaining we should call a spade a spade. A good time was had by all, even if some drivers had difficulty finding their way home. T ,:b..e Class '56 h eld another great week-end of tobogganing at Bob Dods' }--orne in Oakville. The Dods' were hosts par excellence and in spite of wrenched backs and blued buttocks the week-end was very successful. The social season is not yet over and as T extus goes to press plans are being made for another dance a t the school, another wiener roast on the last day of school and, of course, the graduation dance. In closing we would like to thank all the students and teachers who have given both suggestions and h elp in these functions and a special word of thanks to Mr. a nd Mrs. Smith for their hospitality to all the boys. 28
A successful dance in the Common R oom.
New controlled temperature and humidity tes ting room.
OUR SOCIAL COLUMN (Cont'd.) To you bunch of proud and very anxious mothers who have sons who've up and gone to P.I.T. You may wonder how that lad is getting on. About textiles I cannot say, and as actors I dare not-but this is a bit of what they have done.
VARIETY NITE On December 2nd, the boys at P .I.T. gave the first of what we hope will b e an annual show. The '56 Follies of P.I.T. drew a very good attendance and was well received. The whole idea stemmed from thoughts of a bit of entertainment at a school dance. As it turned out, the dance ,which followed the s.b..ow, was subordinate to the entertainment. In early November there was nothing in the way of stage, curtains, skits or anything else prepared. Then the wheels started to turn. Chief Carpenter and "rider" of 1st year, L. Liddle, donned his familiar fatigues, searched the catacombs of P .I.T. until h e came up with lumber and table tops, etc. covered with initials of those who have passed through these halls in years gone by, and with his little hammer and saw (and Charlie Smith) built a stage. P. Grosbein took some donated nylon tricot (I'd swear it was millions of yards ) and d yed the multi-maroon and gold drapes, which one, J. Travers, so graciously seamed and d esigned with the able assistance of his great friend a nd companion, Wee Davie L eishman. The " Manchester M ight" young Doug Cooper, provided most scripts and st age direction, ably hindered by one Hog -Town Ham (yours truly). Well, after many delays, arguments, beefs and everything else that goes with putting on a show, curtain time arrived and . . . Well! We say to you with earnest prudence, we are primarily textile students. Actually, fellow Thespians, after a fumbled introduction followed by a tremendous round of applause (Boy, were they glad to get rid of me!) the show might have seemed something like this to the audience: The curtain opens on an assembly line barber's shop where some Gilbert and Sullivan type Textile Teachers were introducing the R a jah of Jam, who happened to be in town to donate a woman's wing to a beauteous chorus of three Departed Spirits, but decided that, since it was¡ so hot that he would take our female vocalist out for a beer. Unfortunately, h e opened the wrong door and was m et b y a mad Mexican villian who was snatching som e sweet young thing out of h er father's arms in lieu of the rent. At this point, said sweet young thing's sweet young sailor came back, knocked the sweet-young-thing-snatcher into the orchestra pit where h e was greeted by a piano solo which was so beautiful it enticed the mothers of the students to harmonize their anxieties for their textile-typ e sons. However, they were pushed aside rather rudely by two Mexican h a t d a ncers who danced their way to the Parish of Puddle where a well made-up Chinese waiter was serving cat-meat to the violinist and pianist in the midst of the finale. So, if you think that this is the end-you're right, it is. P. GROSBIEN.
" P.I.T. P anters" Hockey Team.
"The Trial" after the initiation.
31
SPORT HI-LITES T ,h e last basket sunk, the last goal scored, athletics at " the PIT" are concluded for another year. The Initiation softball game was our first outing wh en 1st Year "Chumps'' attemped to beat 2nd and 3rd Year " Champs." Unfortunately~ however, the final score is unavailable as the scorer (3rd Y ear Dyed) was statistically incapable of tallying the innumerable runs of 2nd and 3rd Year. R egular Monday night "sweat sessions" were h eld and thanks are extended to Mr. A. for obtaining the gym. Only one game was played in which Toronto All Stars eked out a 68-64 win over the " PIT Pan.t ers." Heroes of the nig.ht were "Hook Shot" L avigne, 18 pts., " N ewsy" Lalonde, 10, " Trick Shot" Dods, 8, Gonzalez the M exican Bandit, 2 and " Where's the basket?'' Buckland with 19 points. The addition of hockey to sports program was enthusiastically received by everyone and it would not have been possible without the aid of C ourta ulds (Canada) Ltd. w,t>..o gen erously contributed hockey equipment to outfit the team. One of the City's outdoor rinks was rented a nd every Wednesday such standouts as "Rocket" Wilton, "Slap Shot" Vetrecin, "Barb ara Ann" Gonzalez, "Sp eed Ball" Travers, " Elbows" Buckland, "Dangerous Dan" Dods, " L eaping Tom" Liddle, " J et" W alsh and Boom Boom Lalonde, could be seen p erforming. Ping Pong was t:b..e major indoor sport with Don W alsh sporting all ch allengers 10 points. Ramon Gonzalez playing with either hand, "Stuff" Dods downing opponents right and left and games of doubles where many a stud ent lost his board money were all f eatures of the common room ping pong gam es. Joe Flosman and G eorge V etrecin applied for a permanent lease on the table, however, they were turned down. As you look back over three years of sports at the PIT you can't h elp but truly a pprecia te the activities you've en gaged in and the companions made through sports. Once again thanks to everyon e w ,):>..o helped solve our sporting problem s for '55-'56. ART BUCKLAND.
On the first day of sch ool the teach er explained that if a nyon e had to go to the washroom, h e should hold up two fingers. One puzzled little boy plaintively asked: " How's that going to help?"
32
SMOKERS Textus agam
IS
carrymg this year a summary of the Smokers h eld
during the year. They were held as usual in the library at P .I.T. The speakers proved to be of a high calibre and their talks were both varied a nd timely.
THE WEAVERS' SMOKER Mr. J Wcstaway nf the V-/. J. W estaway Co. Ltd. was guest sp eaker on January 19, 1956. Mr. W estaway gave a most beneficial ta lk on sales and service. H e establish ed a p a rallel b etween the two, stating that the t wo are almost synonomous. He pointed out that a good knowledge of the English language was a prime requisite fo r anyone interested in this particular field. The gathering appreciated this talk because of tl>..e valuable a dvi ce on the " do's" a nd " dont's" of a salesman or serviceman.
THE WOOLLEN AND WORSTED SMOKER Mr. K. T . Barrett, A.T.I., technical service representative for DuPont (Canada) Ltd., was sp eaker on Thursday, March 22, 1956. Mr. Barrett's talk concerned the processing of " Orlon." The speaker used severa l samples which h e had brought along to illustrate his talk. These were circula ted around and proved to be quite fascinating. Mr. Barrett's talk proved quite interesting and those present had many ¡ and varied questions to ask the speaker.
KNITTERS' SMOKER " P ersonal Relations" was the topic by Mr. E. R. Barrett, Personnel Manager of the Eaton Knitting Company. His interesting talk concerned the workings of the p ersonn el d ep artment and how wage incentives and job evaluations were arrived at. Many interesting examples were drawn from his p ersonal experiences and Mr. Barrett gave many interesting tips to the u ndergraduates. Interesting discussions resulted between the many graduates present and the sp eaker. 33
Smokers (continued) THE COTTON SMOKER The Cotton Smoker was h eld on F ebruary 9, 1956. Mr. F . R . Daniels, Vice-President and Managing Director, Dominion T extiles, Ltd., was the g u est sp eaker. The biggest turnout of the year came to h ear this most prominent textile man. Mr. Daniels' talk dealt with the current problem of Canadian competition with other textile producing countries. T 1b..e speaker gave a report on J ap a n as a textile produce r. His information was based upon the findings of five m en sent to Japan for this specific purpose. "Th e technical m en found in J apanese textile mills compare very favourably with those found elsewhere in the world," said Mr. Daniels. The speaker stressed the need for more textile graduates in Canada if we wish to cope adequately with the present situation. All enjoyed this talk and many interesting questions were put forward which w ere a nswered in d etail by Mr. Daniels.
DYERS' AND FINISHERS' SMOKER The D yers' Smoker was h eld on October 20, 1955. The guest speaker for the occasion was Mr. N. G . Koehler, Geigy D yestuffs. Mr. Koehler showed a film illustrating the life history of the moth. This film also showed the m ethods of combating the damage done to wool by insects. A number of former students and several mill m en were present at this meeting. Mr. Koehler answered in d etail the questions put forward by his audien ce. Refreshments w ere enjoyed afterwards.
Mr. Cooper - " Liddle, what does HN03 signify ?" Liddle- "Well, ah, er' r - I got it right on the tip of m y tongue." Mr. C. - " Well, you'd better spit it out. It's nitric acid."
Through the Looking Glass ART "BUCKY" BUCKLAND says- "Who's getting a car next Saturday nite ?" Pastime: Pricing houses enroute to the Y.W.C.A. Ambition: To evade marriage for a couple of years. Probable Destiny: Marriage soon after graduation. Prototype: Arthur Godfrey.
BOB "CHARMER" DODS says-"Well just what is the purpose of it?'' Pastime: Floating loans for the boys. Ambition : Olympic Ski Champ. Probable Destiny: Ski Instructor on Nursery Hill a t Orangeville. Prototype: "The Elder Statesman."
ALEX "LYNSKI" LEJNIEKS says- "Let's get back to Textiles, Sir." Pastime : Trying to find his briefcase. Ambition: To astound the world with his thesis. Probable D estiny: Doing just that! Prototype: "The Class Statistician."
LIN "SIEVE'' LIDDLE says-"I'll put the pads on tonight." Pastime: Doing Maths homework. Ambition : To get a good d eal on a n ew set of "rubber." Probable Destiny: Driver-mechanic for "The Boss." Prototype: Anti-u~ion P ropagandist.
PAUL "THE BEAN" GROSBEIN says- "Can you top this one, Mr. Neeb?" Pastime: Recuperating from toboggan parties. Ambition: To develop a new moth-killer formula. Probable Destiny: Re-designing the fly swatter. Prototype: " Karsh of Ottawa."
JERRY "THE MANAGER'' TRAVERS says- "Had a Fabulous Time!" Pastime: Trying to convert the world to Catholicism. Ambition: To be full-time editor of "Textus." Probable Destiny: Copy boy for T.W.U.A. Bulletin. Prototyp e: "Social Butterfly."
DON "THE DUKE" WALSH says-"When you gu ys ,'b..ave had the experience I've had." Pastime: Mysterious sojurns to "T.O.'' Ambition: Begin his career as Bigtime Salesman. Probable Destiny: Fuller Brush Man. Prototype: "The Little Hustler." 35
ALUMNI CHATTER It has been our intention to print the names a nd addresses and bits of interes ting information concerning the P.I.T. grads. This is only possible if the grads keep the school informed on job changes and n ew addresses. M any thanks to those who have h elp ed us by doing so. H ere is a lis t of recent c hanges: JOE KEMP, 62 Water St. W. , Apt. 9, Burlington-now with Ford Co. of Canada at O a kville, Ontario, as Buyer's Assistant in purchasing automotive interiors. PETER PATTON, 104 Chatsworth Dr., Toronto, 12, T el. M01690, now with Avro Aircraft Ltd. in their Industria l Engineering Dept. Pete is a lso a Flying Officer in the R.C .A.F. (Aux.) Intelligen ce Unit and would like to hear from any grads in Toronto. JERRY CARDINAL, 129 Davis Ave., in Cornwall, Ontario, is still with Courtlands Ltd. in Export and Import Sales and now h as a d a ughter. YOKE CHANG, 1670 Franklin St., employed at C. M. Oliver & Co. Ltd., Vancouver, B.C., Stockbrokers. NORM EISDOPFER, 37-05 88th St. J ackson Heights, N.Y., is with the U .S . Navy Supply Activities in R esearch a nd D evelopment on Textiles and C lothing r ecently received an outstanding award from the N avy for his work. Norm got married in 1952 so h e gave up a ch ance to go to the Antarctic. BILL COUSINS, 1045 M elvin Dr., O akville, is sales representative for Ontario and W estern Canada with Pla x Canada Ltd. PHIL KONDURAS, 321 Pier Ave., Apt. # 10, Hermosa Beach, Calif., is now with P acific Textile Processing Co. -Phil is still single and is enjoying ocean-fishing when not doing Textile R esea r ch a nd Development. BOB BATEMAN, 79 Oakville Ave., Dorva l, P.Q., is now Technical Representative for Eastern C a nada with Atlas Powder Oo. Canada Ltd., and now has two boys, 212 and 1. BILL LEISHMAN, 231 McNab St. S., Apt. 30, Hamilton, is with Eaton Knitting Co. Bill married J ean M cKee this October in Victoria, B.C.- Congrats, Bill! KAROL GEYER, 41 D avid St., Dundas, P.O. Box 218, is a lso with the Eaton Knitting Co. Congra ts a lso go out to Karol who got married in Europe last year. PAU L HUGHSON of 3 7 The Donway W., Ste. 1, Don Mills P.O., Ont., now in sales with DuPont Co. of Canada Ltd., is anoth er who is interested in a better a lumni. FRED ALMAS, 115 Cedar St., Dunnville, is with Monarch Knitting Co. as Asst. Produc tion Control Supervisor. Freddy, when not baby-sitting with his 8-month-old daughter ( congrats) finds time to play in the Dunnville Citizens Band. BRIAN MARSHALL of 14 H enderson St., Huntingdon, P.Q., is in Quality Control with Z ephyr T extiles Ltd. in Ormstown, P.Q. JOHN CHOWNYK, 329 King St., Preston, Ont., is doing w ell with Geo. Pattinson & Co. and is still single. GERRY COMEAU, former "Textus" Editor, now lives at 38 Kipling Rd., Hamilton, and is with the W. J. Westaway Co. Ltd. LEN SNELL, 30 Gladstone Avenue, Hamilton, is also with the W. J. Westaway Co. Ltd. FRED MOORE, with the Brinton-Peterboro Carpet Co. Ltd., in Peterborough, Ontario, sends his best and is in production work covering all phases of carpet making. BILL LANDRY, 8 2 West Ave. S., is now a t Hamilton Cotton Co. JOHN VILLENEUVE, Courtaulds of Canada Ltd., sent us a nice letter saying he's now back from the Research Lab. in England and is Plant Colourist. J ohn is still single and hopes to r emain that way for awhile. PAUL BROOK, 5200 W esthill Ave., Apt. 1, Montreal, P.Q., is with W. J. Westaway Co. and Paul is still single, too. Also up in Montreal is PIERRE P. LANDREVILLE in Production Planning with Canadian Chemical & Cellulose Co., 2035 Guy St. and h e would like to meet any P.I.T. grads up that w ay. Congratula tions to Pierre who married Miss Andree Jackson on July 16. Another grad who recently got married is ARNOLD BOLLIGER, now with Dupla n D yeing Co. of Valleyfield , as Chief L ab. Chemist. Arny is now Scoutmaster in the 1st Valleyfield Troop and a member of Toastmasters' International. BERNARD CROOK, 96 Pine St., Magog, P.Q., is with the Dominion T extile Print Works at Magog. Berny spent the summer in Ciba Co. Lab. getting experien ce in dyes and colour matching. ROGER RATCLIFF, 24 Runnymed e Rd. , Swansea, Toronto is with Silknit in Toronto. JAQUES SAVOIE, 14 Maden St., Valleyfield, P .Q.: is with Montreal Cottons Ltd. as Asst. Weaveroom Foreman a nd still in the "ever10\·ing bachelors" group. NORM SHOREY, 533 Gloucester St. N., Cornwall, Ont., is ·Colourist with Oourtaulds and h e tells us he wishes h e was back at P.I.T. Also in Cornwall is BILL ROBERTS, 330 York St., who is designing for Canadian Cottons Ltd.
36
The PERKIN'S CENTENARY In the How of human progress, discoveries planned or accidental have accelerat ed a nd widened man's achievements and knowledge. Fire, the wheel, planting corn , the circulation of the b lood, splitting the atom, are examples. The spinning of yarn and the making of fibres had beginnings beyond recorded history. Dyes, too, were known and used thousands ¡of years ago, but since the invention of the first synthetic dye the industry h as changed a lmost completely . One hundred years ago W. H . Perkin, then a youth of 18, was experimen ting in his own laboratory near London in England in his own spare time trying to .make quinine from impure aniline. Thus we note the industry of the l ad; the fact that h e was using an entirely wrong m ethod we can excuse (for what g ood is a student if he does not try things for himself ); that h e chose to take a second look at the black mess which resulted from his experiment we can commend highly for it showed keen observation without which no research worker can succeed. From t he products of the reaction he extracted a small y ield of a .mauve d ye. Unwittingly, acciden t ally, but in a manner which deserves the high est praise for diligence, he had discovered the first sy nthetic d ye. A sample was sent to the famous dyers, Pullars of Perth, who made a favourable r eport in spite of the fact that the new d ye was not soluble in water and only dyed wool and silk. Perkin himself found a way, using the tannic acid method, of applying i t to cotton. It was used on the Victorian penny stamp. Perkin had turned the k ey and prised open the door on a new r ealm of compounds. His tutor, Hofmann, v igorously applied his energy to further opening that door. A few years l ater Hofmann returned to his native Germany t akin g the new formula with him a nd thereby inspired other chemists th ere to work on the new dyes. The German d ye in.dustry forged a head a nd became all powerful, a state which lasted until 1914. Perkin was enterprising enough to start a factory of his own, but it could not thrive against the competitiOn a nd he had the .mortification of seeing his seeds carried away and flowering in another garden. What e ffect h as this discovery h ad? In proportion it is very recen t. If dyeing has been practised for one h our, w e h ave used synthetic dyes for only the last minute of that hour. These are the results of other k ey inventions, such as the diazo reaction, t he invention of the first d ye capable of dyeing cotton directly; the synth esis of indigo a nd madder, the invention of Indanthrone. The sequence is a lways; a new r eac tion, a new class of dyes, n ew methods of application and their acceptance by the trade. And this, as well as n ew methods for known dyes, is still going ¡on a nd will go on. Organic ch emistry sta rted in 1832 when Wohler synthesised urea from inorganic compounds. The manufacture of synthetic dyes about 30 years later provided a goal for orga nic chemists. Chemistry and d yes progress together. Only chemists can make dyes. More and more chemists are needed to apply them. The n t h e cnemist start ed making new fibres: Is this where we came in? Not quite because some of the fibres do not n eed spinners. Who can say tha t P erkin's chance discover y with its encouragement to chemistry, which has g iven us so many things we use today, was not as far-reaching as the fire . . . the wheel . . .
37
The Textile Industry
1n
Pakistan
W h en Pakistan came into existen ce on the 14th August, 1947, there were not more than 35 factories of any great importance. Sixteen of these were cotton textile mills, nine sugar mills, five cement factories, four glass factories and one woollen mill. We produced 75 % of the world's production of jute, but we did not have a single jute mill to call our own. We produced over 1,500,000 bales of cotton of improved variety, but we possessed only sixteen cotton mills. We produced abundant hides and skins, wool, sugar cane, tobacco and several other products, but we sent most of the supply abroad, to o.dd, inter alia, to the wealth and welfare of others. It must be said to the credit of the Pakistan Government that, soon after partition, they took up the problem of industrialization in earnest with a view to removing the one sided d evelopment of the country, based as it was on a backward rural economy . In April, 1948, they issued their statement of industrial policy, which soon brought into th e field of the t extile industry a fair number of businessmen. At the time of our partition, there were only 177,418 cotton spindles and 4,824 cotton looms in operation. The Government of Pakistan had fixed a target of two m illion spindles till the end of 1957, but at the rate we progressed this aim h as already been achieved. In regard to wool, formerly production in Baluchistan and Nor th West Frontier Province stood at 30 million pounds. Experiments for the incr ease of yield of wool are in progress through breeding and cross-breeding on several farms. The Government of Pakista n h ave imported merino sheep fr om Aust ralia with a view to improving the local breed. Fourteen wo'Ollen mills have already been established in West Pakistan. It is estimated that wool and wool tops of the value of R s.25,000,000 will be required from abroad every year. The m ills are modern and the tech nologists well edu cated. If they can improve the labour, with the completion of the several hydro-electric projects which will supply cheaper power, there is no reason why the textile industry should not have a glorious future. GOHAR ZAMAN MOHMAND, Peshawar, P akistan.
38
for BETTER TEXTILES at no extra cost • •
. use
ST . LAWRENCE s tarches II I
ST. LA WHENCE PEARL the industrial standard .
uniform high quality starch -
ST. LAWRENCE C.B. STARCH m eet a ll y our specifications.
thin b oiling starches to
i ST. LAWRENCE GUM SIZING - exce llent for finishing .
quality oxidized starches
ST. LAWRENCE SPECIAL PE•ARL zy m e conversion in y our own plant.
for trouble free en-
ST. LAWHENCE SLS GUMS - the new s tarch hydroxy ,e thyl e thers - manufactured exclusively in Canada by the St. Lawrence Starch Company . These new starch products have provided solution s for many quality and production p roblems - e stablished new standard s of per. fection in textile manufacturing operations.
ST. LAWRENCE STARCH COMPANY LIMITED PORT CREDIT, ONTARIO AN INDEPENDENT CANADIAN COMPANY ESTABLISHED 18 89 39
I II
If it's Tagged Viscose ••• it's Top Value Through the medium of Disneyland, CONTAINS
one of the highest rated shows on television, Courtaulds is telling the story of VISCOSE. Canadians from coast to coast are hearing about this outstanding man-made fibre, present in so many familiar home products. People everywhere are saying ... "if it's TAGGED Viscose
AS FEATURED ON THE POPULAR
TV
SHOW
it's TOP value!"
DISNEYLAND
(CANADAl/!mded PRODUCERS OF VISCOSE YARN, STAPLE FIBRE AND TENASCO TIRE YARN H ead Office and Plant: CORNWALL, ONTARIO Sales Offices TORONTO: 159 Bay Street, EM 4-0291 MONTREAL: 1420 Sherbrooke St., West, BE 4415 40
Ac.cuaAc'f:·_:: . t-trst '"
cons icle rofto·n '
e"~eTY
E,o.:roN "'d!
When
Wff
quote
NAMES OF LEATHERS we make clear distinctions!
\* \
If we use the name of an animal
to
describe a leather (pigskin, alli~
1 1 I
gator, antelope, etc.), we mean that the leather is ma:de from the hide of the animal mentioned. Where it is simply an effect obtained by processing, we say "pigskin-grained," "alligator-grained," or "antelope-finished."
·-~====================================================~ 41
OUR BEST WISHES for a Successful Future ' Ve are pleased to extend o ur warm wishes for a successful and prosperous future to the Faculty, Students and Graduating Class of the Provincial I nstitute of Textiles. ' i\Te would like you to know tha t we are always at your
service
should
you,
a t any
time,
need
information or technical assistance on the handling or uses of nylon or of "Orlan" acrylic fibre .
c®!DHP C A N A D A
DUPONT
COMPANY
OF
CANADA
LIMITED
Textil e Fibres Div ision
MONTREAL * "Orion" is the trade mark of E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Co. (Inc.) for its acrylic fibre.
=~============================================================~ 42
famous family of Canadian Chemicals •
DETERGENTS (Non Ionic and An-Ionic)
•
FINISHES
•
SULPHONATED OIT.S
•
SIZES FOR ALL FIBRES (Nylon, Rayon, Cotton, Etc.)
•
WOOL LUBRICANTS (Oil and Emulsion Types)
•
SYNTHETIC RESINS
•
SPLASHPROOF
•
WATERPROOFS
•
SOFTENERS (All types: An-Ionic, Non-Ionic, CatIonic) including the well-known AHCOVEL SERIES OF SUBSTANTIVE SOFTENERS. Made in Canada under license of the Arnold-Hoffman and Co. Inc. , Providence, R.I.
•
AHCOVAT and AHCOQUINONE SERIES of DYESTUFFS.
CANADIAN ANILINE & EXTRACT CO. LTD. HAMILTON,
ONTARIO
Manufacturing Better Chemicals for a better Canada
TO THE GRADUATES Our congratulations .. . and may the challenging road you now travel bring you to a rewarding, successful career in Canada's Textile Industry
ST.
CAT H A R I N E S .
0 NTA RI 0
Compliments of
CHEMICAL DEVELOPMENTS of CANADA ---LIMITED - - - -
IRWIN DYESTUFF DIVISION CHEMICAL DIVISION
MONTREAL
TORONTO
44
SANDOZ thinks ahead with TEXTILES Sandoz maintains nine complete laboratories in Canada and the United States, in the primary textile markets, constantly developing new products and processes, and improving old ones. With world-wide facilities and a staff of experienced chemical and dye-stuff specialists, Sandoz (Canada) Limited is equipped to give you top facilities, research and service.
SANDOZ (CANADA) LIMITED DYESTUFFS & TEXTILE CHEMICALS DIVISION 179 King Street West, Toronto L Ontario P.O. Box 364, Station "B", Montreal, P.Q.
b1•inging textile fibres of the futu1•e to Canadians ----~01V
ARNEL FORTISAN
Aeetate CELAPERM QUILTICEL CANADIAN CHEMICAL & CELLULOSE COMPANY, LTD. 2 0 35 GUY STREET
MONTREAL 25
R EG' D. C AN , TRA D E MARK
45
SERVICE TO THE TEXTilE INDUSTRY • WATER CONDITIONING • HUMIDIFICATION • TEXTILE MACHINERY
7u.f.WESTAWAY ~~:~;:: HAMILTON, CANADA MONTREAL
TORONTO
46
SCHOLLER BROTHERS liMITED
~~
TEXTILE SOAPS,
SOFTENERS,
SULPHONATED OILS and FINISHES
WELLAND AVENUE and VINE STREET ST. CATHARINES
ONTARIO
47
With the Compliments of
mw DOMINION FABRICS LIMITED Manufacturers of
TOWELS
•
FACE CLOTHS
•
TAPESTRIES
BED SPREADS ONTARIO
DUNNVILLE
c!Jge~
tlnd
WELLAND
Mulsoid
Your assurance of Correctly Engineered Textile Chemicals Since 1923
* Dye and Chemical Co. of Canada, Ltd. KINGSTON, ONTARIO
48
No Mnre Sailing Ships to the
Men used to cross oceans in sailing ships. They once travelled the highways on horseback. But no one would return to these outmoded methods of transportation.
Graduating Class from
The same .applies in the publishing business. Only the latest equipment, coupled with the best in the engraver's skill, will .a ssure high quality printing plates.
Rudel Machinery Co. Ltd.
This is why so many more firms are insisting on engravings, photography, art work and editorial service by Superior Engravers Limited.
BURLINGTON ENGINEERING CO. INC.
Superior Engravers timited
Woollen Machinery
exclusive Canadian representatives for:
BRINTON MACHINE COMPANY Kni tting Machinery Pressure Dye, Boil-Off and Bleach Machines
CAIN, SON & GREENW.O•OD Cotton Cardclothing
co·.
DAVIS & FURBER MACHINE
GAST·O N COUNTY DYEING MAQHINE COMPANY P.ackage & Beam Dyeing Machines
42 MARY ST. HAMILTON TELEPHONE JA 2-9227
GUIDER SPECIALTY COMPANY
BRANCH OFFICES IN TORON~O AND LONDON.
HASKELL-DAWES MAdHINE CO . INC.
Cloth Guider s Twisters, Layers & Formers
HIGH DUTY ALLOYS LIMITED .Aluminum Alloy Bobbins
JAMES HUNTER MACHINE CO. Finishing Machinery
HUNT & MOSCRIOP LIMITED Finishing Machinery
S. Lennard &Sons
J. W. LEWIS COMPANY Warp Beam Trucks
MACBET'H CORPORATION Colour Mat ching Equipment
Limited
MARSHALL & WILLIAMS CORP. Tenter Dryers, Tenter Clips
MIDDLETON BOWL WORKS LIMITED
Established 1878
Calender Bowls
RED-RAY MANUFACTURING CO. INC.
LENNARDrS and ZENITH
Dryi ng
Equipment
SJOSTROM MACHINE OOMPANY Knotwood Aprons
Knit Underwear for
F. SMITH GO. (TEXTILES) LTD.
LADIES- MEN CHILDREN - INFANTS LADIES LOCKNIT LINGERIE
Dyeing Machinery
TURB,Q MACHINE OOMP ANY Preboarding Equipment
TWEEDALES & SMALLEY (1920) LIMITED Cotton Machinery
DUNDAS, ONT.
Textile Division
CANADA
RUDEL MACHINERY CO. LIMITED Montreal
49
T oronto
Congratulations and Welcome Graduation marks the end of student days aria the beginning of your career. The industry in which you have chosen to make your career is a vital and important factor in the economy of our country. Congratulations to the gradua tes of 1956. Welcome to the Canadian textile industry, of which this company is proud to be a part.
DOMINION TEXTILE COMPANY LIMITED Made Right Here in Canada
Congratulations to the GRADU~TING
CLASS
To all of you who graduate this year, our sincere congratulations. May your e fforts b e crowned with success. To the Provincial Institute of Textiles, our thanks for a job well done, and good wishes for years of the same.
ROSS WHITEHEAD AND COMPANY LIMITED TORONTO
MONTREAL
50
Progress Product of Experience • •
• •
You found it true during your years of training at P.I.T. Textiles School. You'll find it even more evident as you progress in your career in the textile field .
•
Progress . . . achievement . .. g row in proportion to your experience, your continuous opportun ity to
•
apply your knowledge and talents to every day doing!
•
The axiom applies equally to companies as to
•
individuals. Such famous d yestuff products as the Solophenyls, Cuprophenyls, Erio Chromes, the revo-
•
lutionary, new Irgalans and, of course Mitin durable
•
mothproofing were developed as the result of nearly a century of Geigy research in the textile field.
•
As your own career progresses, you will find it
•
helpful to rely on names like Geigy ... names which repnesent progr ess through e xperie nce !
• •
'"
•
•
GEIGY DYESTUFFS P.'O. Box 33
Division of Geigy Chemical Corpora tion • New Toronto•, Toronto 14, O nta rio
51
CONGRATULATIONS to
THE PROVINCIAL INSTITUTE OF TEXTILES on its
TENTH ANNIVERSARY and SINCERE GOOD WISHES For the Future
~==========================================~J
52