RCM&E Magazine March issue **20 PAGE FREE PREVIEW**

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Welcome to the March2025 issueof RCM&E.

Likemanyofyou, no doubt,Iwas a bit shockedtofind outfroma couple of localclubs that my BMFAA andBcertificates, which Ipassed many yearsago,werenot considered su�ficient to issuemewith avalid CAA Flyer ID.And if Iwantedt carryon�lying at those clubs,I would need to pass either the CAA DMARES (Drone& Model Aircra�t Registration&EducationScheme) test or obtainthe BMFA RegistrationCompetency Certificate

issue me with a valid ID And I wanted to Registration & Education Scheme) obtain the you take that and BMFA directly!) So,

Now, Iamasimple soul andregardlessofthe irritationthis caused me,Ithought Ishould crackon pronto anddowhat Iwas told. (I know,Iknow, but now’s not the time norplace to go into all the details andthe frustrationcaused by this situation.I’ll let youtakethat up with the CAA andBMFAdirectly!) So likemanyaeromodellers,Idecided to let the BMFA deal with the CAA on my behalf andtakethe BMFA RCCtest

Ilistened to some tall tales from acoupleof local modellers who said that the test was‘un-failable’,which is probablytrueifyou dosomebasic preparationand have taken the time to read the CAA Article 16 Authorisationguide on the BMFAwebsite (https://rcc.bmfa.uk/article-16).

There’salso nothing stopping youfromhaving this document to hand, either printed out or on a separate screen or device,whilsttaking the test

It all sounded easy enough so in my wisdomI decided to jump right in andstart the test,thinking that my decades of safe model �lying would stand me in good stead. Andsoitdid, but it wasn’t long before asmall degree of hesitationcrept in, makingme scourthe above guide forclarification.There’s also afew dronerelatedquestions which needed abit of thinkingabout.Ishould also mention thatI rather stupidlydecided to start the test a�teralongday at work,with the beginnings of anastyheadache and a20-minute ‘Dinner won’tbelong!’ deadline issued to me by my good wife.

Thetest consists of 40 mostlymultiple-choice questions,with afew ‘tick all thatapply’questions too. Thepass rate is 75%. Su�fice to saythatI passed with plenty of room to spare but Iwas frustratedto blowafew questions by my totallackofpreparation So,although Iendedupwith ashinynew BMFARCC certificate fresh from my printer,bynow Ialsohad areallybad headache anda rapidlycooling plateof food on the kitchen table,not to mentionafrosty receptionfromMrs.C,for my trouble

Don’tpanic dearreader if youhavestill to take the test.Itreally is no big deal, but pleasedon’t underestimateitand do take the time to do some basicpreparationbeforehand.I’d sayto give yourself aclearhourtoget readyand takethe test anddohave areadthrough the Article 16 Authorisation Guide, leaving it available close by forreference whilstyou takethe test.Makesurethat youare relaxedand in agoodframe of mind beforestarting,withoutany external pressures. That wayyou won’tneed adose of paracetamol a�terwards andbetucking intocold sausages andmash!

One last thing, just to cheer youup. It wasonly a�tertaking the test that Irealised that the certificate only lasts forfive years. So,I’ll be doing it all again at the start of 2030! Grrr

Nowfor aquick look at some of the main articles in this month’s magazine.Let ’s startwith ourregular ‘RetroRamblings’ column in whichShaunGarrity looks at Reed radios,Remconhome-built sets and aflying model by Meccano. In ‘Best Of British’ DannyFentonrevels in alatesummer gathering of British designs at BMFA Buckminster.Next, our ‘Just ForFun’column catches up withDavid Ashby as he finds some modernparallels when reading a pile of old magazines andthen flies arecent acquisition.Next, in ‘Drawing APlan’ oneof RCM&E’s favouritemodel designers,Lindsay Todd describes the first steps in drawing up aplanfor a semi-scale aircraft. Another popularplandesigner, PeterMiller,follows with‘Estimating Materials’ as he describes howtomakeashopping list forwood andother materials needed to build from aplan. It ’s been awhile since we have offeredplans fora high wing trainer andBertrandChoupin steps in to fill the gapwith ‘Ambisagrus’,based on aclassic design. In ‘One Man& His Shed’ Dave Goodenough finds anew supplier forhis carbon requirements, browses the local ‘Middle of Lidl’ andtest flieshis latest simple scale design. Then it ’s overtoJulie Fisherwho reports from Denmark on theF3CN Europeanmodel helicopter championships.In ‘Aerobatic Scene’Keith Jacksonreports from the UKF3AAGM which introduced thenew Entr yLevel schedule forbeginners andhealso says hello to the UK F3ATeamfor 2025. To capthings offRon Grosser reports from the Port Lincoln Model Aerosport Club’s fly-in all theway down underin South Australia.

Ihope youenjoyreading it all.

HappyFlying!

Editor: Kevin Crozier

MortonsMedia Group,Media Centre, Morton Way, Horncastle,Lincs LN9 6JR kcrozier@mortons.co.uk

AND DIGITAL

On thecover

Photo: DannyFenton

Late September2024saw many modellerscongregateatthe BMFA National Centre at Buckminsterfor theLaser andBest-of-British Fly-in Theevent caught theimagination of many aeromodellersand was well attended.Our scalecolumnist DannyFenton hada wonderful time catching up with people, as well as themanyRCM&E forumiteswho were outinforce, taking theopportunity to discuss theChipmunkand Fury Mass Builds that were runafew years ago, especially theoneswho were stillworking on theirmodels

Contents

Regulars

8 SWITCH ON

Ourlatestround up of model� lyingnews.

61 COUNTERPOINT

Anotherselec tion of newkit s, bits and gadget sfor youtobuy

68 ALLWRITE

Have your sayinRCM&E’s monthly chat room

76 PILOTS’PICTORIAL

Send us apic ture of anew or favourite modeland it couldappearinour reader s’ models galler y

92 GOINGPLACES

Ourupdated list of modelevent sand competitions foryou to visitoverthe next fewmonths

94 MARKETPLACE

Sell o� fyourunwanted airframesand enginesormaybe buya fewnew ones

95 NEXT ISSUE

Take alookatwhat’scominginthe April‘25 issueofRCM&E

98 PARTINGSHOT

Mike Freemanwas behind thelensat Weston Park,photographing aCARF GeeBee R2 landingwhenasudden crosswindtried to tipitover.

Volume 68 |Issue 03

fir st st epsindrawing aplanfor asemisc aleair cr a� t

44 ESTIMATING MATERIAL S

PeterMillerdescrib es howt omake ashoppinglis tfor wo od andother materialsneeded to buildf romaplan

70 F3CN EURO CHAMPS

JulieF isherr ep or ts fr om Denmark on theEur op eanmodel helicopt er championships

86 PORT LINCOLNF UN FLY

RonGrosser report sf romthe Port Linc olnModel Aerosp or tClub’s� lyin,all thew ay down underinSouth Au stralia

Columns

18 RE TROR AMBLINGS

ShaunGarrity lo ok satReed radios, Remc on home -built sets,a� lying mo delbyMec cano andevena mo dern moulde dsoarer!

32 JUST FORF UN

DavidA shby finds some mo dern parallelsinapileofold mo del maga zinesand �liesa re cent ac quisition

62 ONEMAN &HIS SHED

Reviews

10 TOPRCMINIWARBIRDS

DavidA shby test sa pair of gyro equipped smallmilit ar ytrainer s

Features

24 BEST OF BRITISH

DannyFentonjoins thecrowd sata late summer gatheringof(mostly!) Britishdesig ns

38 DR AWINGAPLAN

OneofRCM&E’s favouritemodel designer s, Lind sayTodd, describesthe

Dave Go odenough finds anew supplier forhis carb on re quir ements, br ow sesthe lo cal‘Middle of Lidl’and test �lieshis latest sc aledesig n

78 AEROBATICSCENE

KeithJackson report sonthe newEntry LevelF3A sche dule for beginner sand says hellot othe UK F3 A Team for2025

Free Pro-Plan

48 AMBISAGRUS

It’s been awhile sincewehaveo�fered a Pro-Plan forahighwingtrainer.Bertrand Choupinfillsthe gapwithhis updated versionbased on aclassic design

XFLY SPITFIRE SSCR AMBLE

Just beforethe end of 2024, RCM&E wasasked to give our opinionofaprototype model of a new R/C Supermarine Spitfirethat wasbeing developed by XFlyModel in collaborationwith their UK distributor,CML Distribution A�ter seeing 3D design picturesof the proposed 1200 mm span fighter the editor took up the o�fer in very short order!

Theforthcoming kits,which should be finding theirway onto model shop shelvesinearly March, were the brainchild of CML’s MD, JasonVarley,who researched the backgrounds of the twoMk.IX variants being modelled. CML also backed this model with alarge contribution to its costs

With a1200 mm wingspan andconstructed using EPO foam,the Fly Spitfirewill be o�feredintwo mattefinish scale liveries,one being forMK392, the aircra�twhich Commonwealth ace‘Johnnie’Johnson�lew during the Normandylandings, completewith invasionstripes Ourprototype kit,however,was decoratedinthe alternative desert scheme of EN152,as�lown by Neville DukeinTunisia earlyin 1943. This distinctive livery is also theone adopted by Supermarine SpitfireLFI c, MK356ofthe Battle of Britain Memorial Flight,inwhich colours it wasrepainted in 2017.

According to CML’s promotional literature, ‘XFly’s new Spitfres are supplied with a4-blade propeller,an accuratecanopyoutline,pilot fgure, exhaust stacks,cannons and outward retractable electric landing gear.The large batteryhatch can accommodate a4S2600 -4000 mAh4SLiPo.

Thecombinationofa 3541-KV745 motor and a40A brushless ESC offers plenty of powerfor asatisfying scale performance.This model uses four panel split flaps,akin to its full-size counterpart.Day-brightLED wingtip lights aid visibility and add realism. RRP of both models will be £299.99”

So,what dideditor, Kevin think of the new desertSpitfire:

‘Tobehonest Icouldn’treally fault the assemblyofXFly-Models new Spitfreasitwent together very quickly and without any issues,bearing in mind that Ididn’t have amanual to work from. (A short but detailed manual is now available with production kits.) Theone-piece wing, completewith readyftted flaps and electric main undercarriage,simplybolted in place with four hex head countersunk screws, dittothe twotailplane halves. I’malwaysa little concerned about this type of tail fxing as the mouldings need to be very accurate to ensureno horizontal mismatch between the wing and the tailplane But in this case,itwas all spot on, so no packing at the tail wasrequired.

Theonlyset-upitemtonoteisto disconnect the flap linkages before operating the flap servosfor the frst timeincase they areover-drivenand damage either the servo gearsorthe linkages –orboth! (Itwas reassuring to see aprominent notetothis effect being taped to the internal packaging of production kits.)

Having recentlyjoined the Chedworth RCFC to take advantage of their tarmac strip,I wasa little concerned aboutthe risk of anose over and inadvertentlytrimming the nicelymoulded 4-blade prop -even with asparetohand! So,I enquired about asuitable 2-blade prop to use forthe test flights,a 12 x8Ebeing XFly’s advice.I also asked forcontrol

throwsand the recommended balance point.The former came as percentages (ofwhat,I wondered?) so Ifell back on my ownexperience to set up a three-position flight mode switch, allowing me to reduce or increase aileron, elevator and rudder throws on the frst flight by quickly operating asingle switch.

As forCG, the recommended point is 65 mm back from the leading edge at the wing root.While waiting for an answer from XFly,I researched the balance point of other R/C Spitfres, albeit plan models,and the consensus seemed to be at around 30% chord. This would place the CG acentimetre behind the recommended position. But trust me,XFlyknowwhat

Prototype of XFly-Models new1200mmspan Supermarine Spitfre Mk.IX awaits her maiden flight.
Peeling away and showing theunderside details. Flyingpictures courtesy of DickSpreadbury.

like this,we’ll alwaystry to let youknow.

they aretalking about,asIwas to fnd out on the model’s second flight

To obtain the stated CG Ihad to place my 4S 3200 mAhVolz LiPo pack as farforward as possible in the generous batterybay.Evenso, the Spitfrewas atad tail heavy. (I noted that with this LiPoalone the model balanced on my calculated30% marks,soIbanked this knowledge for the test flights.) To get the prototype model to balance at the recommended position of 65 mm Ineeded to add a 70-gram strip of lead to the 340-gram batterypack, secured with Velcro.

Theappointed flying daydawned foggy and whilst it cleared as I made my wayupthe hill towards RAF Chedworth, Iwas morethan alittle disappointed to see the strip enveloped in lowcloud when Iarrived. It transpired that Ihad arrived during an EDF jet flying session, so Ijoined acheerfulbunch of clubmembersto wait forthe murktoclear.I wasjust about to throw in the towelwhen suddenlythe sun made an appearance andthe foglifted.

Despitespoiling the looks of this fne model by ftting an APC 12 x8E twoblade prop forthe frst flight, which meant that the spinner could not be used, the desert scheme drew several admiringglances,which did surprise me alittle as Ithought most people would want the alternative grey/green camo version instead. But no,most of the pilots said they would opt forthe desert version!

After arange check and afnal control check Ilined the Spitfreup

onthe strip and reminded myself to hold in full up elevator and begin the take-off roll at lowspeed, ithaving been several years since my last Spitfre take-off from tarmac.Even so,the poweravailablecaught me by surprise and despitemycaution the tail lifted tooquicklyand -zing! -the carefully balanced APC prop wasrapidlytrimmed to 11 inches! By nowthe model had lifted offand wasclimbing with gusto, despitestill being at relatively lowpower.So, I decided to concentrateontrimming her out.I flew her in broad circuits at mid-powerand Iampleased to say that my estimated control throws resulted in an easy-to-handle aircraft. Itentatively cycled the undercarriage to check forany changes in trim, with nothing of noteseen, beforelining her up in abroad, sweeping approach fora gentle roller landing. Lovely!

Before flight twoIcheckedthe prop (nowdefnitelyan 11 x8!) forany damage to the length of the blades and sanded atinyamount offthe tip of the heaviest blade to correct a slight imbalance.Asshe wasflying so well with the unintentionally modifed prop,I decided to reft it for flight two, especiallyasI nowwanted to tryremoving the nose weight and flyher at the 30% chordCG position. That flight didn’t last long becausealthough nothinguntoward happened, Ifelt that she washappier at XFly’s recommended CG position, so the strip of lead wasreftted.

Forflight three Iwas really getting in the groove and she looked

marvellous, especiallywhen pulling large loops (well, as large as the low cloudbase would allow!) and very scale likebarrel rolls,all with the electric main legs retracted. Time now to trythe flaps at adecent altitude and with no surprises Itried formy frst approach and go-around at half flap.The brownfghter trundled past with no ill effects on the controls,so Ipulled her away and fnished the flight with afull flap landing. The drag from the four flaps wasmuch morenoticeable and the Spitfre landed at amuchlower speed. Iwas abit tooentranced and failed to get enough up elevator applied in time to prevent agentle nose over at the end of the landing roll, thankfullywith no further damage to the prop!

In summary, Ifound XFly-Model’s prototype SpitfreMk.IX to be easy and funtofly.She looks great and I doubt if anyone present would have noticed that she wasa pre-production

kit,although maybe some of the stickers could have been alittle better applied at close inspection. Iwould defnitelyrecommend sticking to the suggested CG position and to thisend Iwill be trying aVolz4S4200 mAh LiPoonour next outing, which weighs in at 415 gand should allowmetoget rid of all of the nose weight

Finally, nowthat Ihavemyeye in with take offs and landings on tarmac with the Spitfre, Iwillalso swap over to the four-blade propeller supplied. (You mayhavenoticed that the flying picturesfeatured here, courtesy of Dick Spreadbur y, do not showthe two-blade prop used fortesting. Instead, we have Photoshopped on the four blader, just forappearancessake.)

As Iwritethis piece afull production kit forthe D-Dayversion has just arrivedinthe offce so look out fora full review of this impressive ARTF warbirdverysoon.’

Aproduction kit forthe D-Dayversion has justarrived so look outfor afull reviewofthis eye-catching fghter very soon.PhotobyXFly-Model.
About to touchdownwith full flap.The test flights were flown using a2-blade prop and no spinner, but we’veadded the 4-blade propand spinner to showyou the intended effect.Ifweknowinglymodifypictures

TOPRCMILITARY TR AINERS

David Ashbytakes to the air with apair of mini replicas of well-known military training aircra�t

It’seasy to get abit blasé about new mini model releases,but that they’re notP-51s, Spitfires or Bf-109s is what sets thisnew pair apart.That andthe fact that they’re exceedinglywell finished andverypretty TheAT-6will need no introduction,it’s also available in ayellowscheme,while the SIAI-Marchetti SF.260, the well-known Italian military trainer,isalso available in ared/white

scheme.Both aremoulded using EPOfoam andcomewith a1S�lightbattery, USB charge lead, a2.4 GHztransmitter (Tx), AAcells forthe transmitter,a spare prop andagood manual. Everythingyou need to �ly, in other words. Thelittle Tx is nicelymadewith decent main sticks but is only supplied in either Mode 1or2 configuration. So makesureyou have the one thatsuits when youbuy

If you’dprefertouse your ownTxwith these models then you’re in luck asthe on-board Rx is compatible with Open T ,sojust bind and �ly. In addition, themain electronics board has ports forDSM satellites andFutaba S-FHSS S-Bus receivers,for which aconnectionleadisincluded. Obviouslyspace andweight limits maydictate the use of micro a�ter-market receivers but items weighing just agramortwo canbefound online

“Like mostmini warbirds bothuse an on-board gyro that’sbuilt intothe combined ESC/Rx/ servo board”

WALK ROUND

Readyto�ly mini or ultra-micromodels have certainlycomea long waysince Parkzone’s tinySukhoi SU-26 kick-started the genre way back in 2009. Notthat this pairstanddirect comparison. That EPS foam SU-26 weighed just 30g andwas decidedlyfragile. EPO is heavier, so these twocomeinataround 0g buthavea robust feel that marksthem out forpark�lying. Likemost mini warbirds both use an onboard gyrothat’s builtintothe combinedESC/ Rx/servo board.The gyroo�fers stabilisation across two�light mode types,selectable using the three-positionTxswitch:

verything youneed is included

although fewwill use the clip-on wheels
“The manual says to expect around 10 minutes flying from a full charged battery and it’snot far out”

 Beginner -a strongdegreeofself-levelling.  Self-levelling -so�tself-levelling fornew or intermediate�lyers

Thethirdposition, Expert,switchesthe gyro stabilisationo�f

SETUP

Charging the little 400mAh LiPocell is as easy as connecting the charge lead, finding a5 USB sourceand waiting forthe LED to turn from redtogreen.Gyrocalibrationisjust acaseof placing the model on alevel surface, powering up andplacing the main sticks into the bottom outside corners beforereceiving aconfirmatory beep.With both models using an underside batteryhatch Icalibrate the gyrobeforeevery �light a�terbatteryconnectionand once the model is sitting on alevel surface.

An addendumsheet remindsofthe need to placethe batteryasfar forwardaspossible although, in the AT-6, there’snospace at all other thandirectlyunder thehatch and preciouslittle more in theSF260.

FLYING

Forboth models Beginner Mode is the oneto use if you’re anervous launcherasitkeeps the wingslevel during those vital fewseconds when your launching hand is finding the Tx sticks eyes o�f. Underarmisfine.Again, forboth models, pitch trimming wasthe only adjustment needed during the first circuit,with both adopting anose heavy attitude

It wasn’t as calm as I’dhaveliked forthe first few�lights,with a10-mph breezeblowing down the strip.That waswithin the 15-mph wind speed maximumthe manual states andthe models coped well enough thanks to the gyro stabilisationinSelf-levelling mode.That’s the mode most �lyers will useasitsmooths out the bumps yetdoesn’t feel intrusive.Beginner Mode

Thelittle 2.4 T supplied does the job
Three flight modes can be used, all switchable in flight
This overcomes the restrictions imposed by the stabilisation system when pertMode isn’t in use
The S iPocellslips home under this hatch cover.

Although probably unnecessary, thepushrod arms canbenippedatthe -bend to adjust

does intrude by noticeablyrestricting the bank angle,but then that’s howit’sdesigned to be

Both models have very similar �light characteristics.Loopsand rolls aren’t possible in Beginner or Self-levelling modeunless theone touchaerobatics button is used.Press that,wait forthe beep then move the aileronorelevator to prompt either averyaxial roll or averytight loop.The loops aretoo tight but the rolls look very nice indeed.

Expert Mode switches o�fthe gyroleaving the pilot with averysensitive littlemodel and,

much likeit’speers in the Mini series,it’sabit tootwitchytobeenjoyable

You’ve probablynoticed that aileron servo on the underside,itdoes seem abit exposed, but gentle landings don’tseem to bother it, especiallyasthese models carryverylittle mass.The speed range is wide so switching to beginner mode on finals cankeep the wings level while the speed bleeds away beforeplopping intothe grass.The push-on undercarriage legs supplied areonlyofuse when �lying from tarmacorconcreteand are

best le�t o�f. Besides,both models look and�ly better withoutthem.

Themanual says to expect around 10 minutes �lying from afullcharged batteryand it’snot far out.Perhaps alittle less in the wintryconditions I’ve�lown these twoinbut very respectable still.

FORBEGINNERS?

e hada younglad join ourclub lastyear. He’d started with amini warbirdmodel like this,aSpitfireofcourse,teaching himself to flyinthe local park.Impressively,the

Iwonderedwhether thee posed aileronservo wouldsuf ferwhenlanding but that hasn’t been thecase.
TheSF2 flies alittle smoother than the AT- , although there’s not muchinit.

DATAFILE

Model type: Micro park �lyers

Manufacturedby: TOPRCHobby

UK Distributor:J.Perkins www.jperkins.com

RRP: £ .99 (both models)

Powersystem: 1020-sizecordless motor, ESC (built intomain board), 1S 400mAh LiPo

Supplied with:Transmitter (and batteries), spare prop andspinner,USB charge lead, S-Bus lead

Transmitter range: 100 m(300 �t)

AT-6

ingspan: 450 mm (17.7 )

All-up weight: 0.5 g(2. oz)

SIAI-Marchetti SF.260

ingspan: 450 mm (17.7 )

All-up weight: 85 g(3oz)

little warbirdhad done its job,sohewas soon steering the club trainer around without any bother at all.

‘Suitable forbeginners’ it says on thebox andthat’s certainlythe case,especiallyfor those seeking an a�fordable introductiontothe hobby.Beginners through to experiencedpilots will enjoy�lying these two. TheSF260 �lies atad smoother butmyfavouritehas to be theAT-6as it just looks so sweet cruising past.

They’re toofast forindoor�lying but are perfectfor the park andany �lying spaceon aday when the breezecan be measuredin single figures.

They’retoo fast forindoor flying Save em forthe parkorflying feld.
My favouritehas to be the AT- .
Although calm days are better,the electronics cope well when there’sabree e.

AMIXED BAG

This month ShaunGarrity mixes things up with alook at Reed radios,Remconhome-built sets,a�lyingmodel by Meccanoand even squeezes in amention of amodern moulded soarer!

words& photos ShaunGarrity

Ihope youall hada greattime over the Christmas holidays.Ihad aplantoget some festive cli�f soaringdoneasI was going up to Aberdeen (ascant 400 miles away)when visiting my goddaughter and family. But Ihad atinyproblem -I failed to take the transmitter! I’mblaming it on the frantic packing of the car duetoforgetting to set the alarm andwaking up an hourlaterthan planned. Anyway,atleast Inow know of some excellent sites fornext time

Last column’s tales about my Ivinghoe gliding adventuresgenerated some interesting emails andquestions,especiallyabout Reed

Transmitters andhow they work.Ihaveto admit to beingoccasionally guilty of assuming allmodellers of acertain age know aboutold worldR/C systems,soheregoes

REEDS&FILTERS

Radio control of model aircra�tdates backtothe mid1930s when anumber of individuals made serious attempts to develop areliable working system. To helppromotedevelopment aradio control only event wasintroducedin1936 called theAmericanNationalsand it hasremained an annual gathering to date(except forabreak due to WW2).

neofthe frst commercial si channel reed sets wasthe ground-based D Mk. verest. Priortothistheyreleaseda three-channelset whichgaverudderusing twochannelsand one forse uentialthrottle.

This is an e cellentbookifyou want to fndout more aboutMulti channeloperation.

enerallayoutofthe switches on areedtransmitter

Trim on aMulti setneededanadditionalservo,asshown in this diagram.

enerallayoutofthe servos andreceiverinanaerobatic Multimodel.

Wewerebehind the curveinthe UK and virtuallynothing significanthappeneduntil the post waryears.The first commercial British made equipment wasmadeavailable in 1946. 1949 sawthe introductionofa radio control event at ourown British Nationals

Original single channel radio wasverysimple Just think of alight switch; it has twostates -on ando�f.Byusing clockwork, electric or rubber poweredactuatorsinthe aircra�tyou could control therudder,giving full le�torright.By sequencing (chaining)actuatorstogether and

Aready-madelinkage wascommerciallyavailable for onnerservos.

Thene tgenerationof Dtransmitterswere handheld. alledthe lackPrince it wasa popular purchase forthe well-heeledmodeller. Availablein4 and channelversions.

D sold severalparts forthe home builder. From the le t a si -channelreedbank comb , polarisedrelay andstandardrelay.

P channelreceiver. udder controlisvia aSoraco servo, basically are-badged onner and,for throttle,a Fred ising se uential clockwork actuator.

acomplicated sequence of button pressing you could potentiallyhaverudder,elevator and throttle control, all from asingle channel. This limited modelstobasicallystable types,i.e.with lots of dihedral, anditcould easilyget confusing in operation.

Aselection of reed servos.Fromtop le t onner Multi, onner Duramite, raupner ellamatic. ottom le t S MultiServo, SMulti Servo.

Modellers wanted to achievecomplete control of all aircra�t types andthis necessitated more controls: Rudder,Aileron, Elevatorand Throttle as aminimum. To achievethis(using the technology of the time) eightchannels would be required, i.e. onefor le�t rudder,one forright rudder,one forupelevator,one for down elevator etc. This wasknown as Multi Channel R/C.

Thebasic di�ference between Multi and Propo systems wasMulti used acentrebiased toggle switch foreachcontrol (which gave full on or o�f) whereas Propo uses astick unit connected to apotentiometerthat gives variable movement of the control.

Very simply, to achieveoperation each of the switches (one per twochannels) inaMulti set(i.e. le�t rudder,right rudder etc.)produces aunique tone when keyed(between 250 -1000 cycles per second, from memory). This tone is transmitted to areceiver that hasareedbank, also known as a reed comb (see relevantimage). Thereed bankis essentiallysimilartothe reeds inamouth organ but is operated by magnetic pulses,not breath Each reed of the bank vibratesata specific tone so when it vibratesitclosesa circuitand operates arelay(or electronic transistor switch in later versions). This then switches the relevant actuator (servo in modern parlance) in the required direction. Thereceiverreed tones could o�tenbeheard in themodel andseasoned �lyers couldplaysimple tunes such as GodSavethe

In theearlier sets thereedcombwas used to switch relays that operated servos such as the onnerDuramite.

ater onners known as theTransmite had atransistorampliferbuilt in so smallerrelayless receiverscould be used andweredirectlywired to thereedcomb.

Queen as aparty trick. That wasonthe ground, not in �light!

Another oddity of the Multi system were the twotypes of actuatorsused, self-neutralising andprogressive (also knownastrim). Selfneutralisingactuatorswereused forrudder (R), elevator (E), aileron (A) andprogressive forthrottle,elevator trim, �laps andretracting undercarriage.When youreleased the transmitter switch on R, EorA the control neutralised. This obviouslywouldn’t work forthrottle or trim andprogressive actuators stayedwherelast put

Yes, Iforgot to mention, therewas no trim facility aswith Propo,soyou needed two actuators to achievethis. One self-neutralising andone progressive (see diagram showing howthis wasachieved). Elevator wasthe only control to use trim.

One other di�ference of reed actuatorswas theywereconsiderably slowerthanmodern servosand this wasnecessary to achievepseudo proportional. If youblipped thecontrol quickly the servo would move part way, then neutralise, givingless control.Longer blips gave more movementand consequentlymorecontrol,as required forlooping or rolling.

Thewiring wasfar more complex in areed set up,usuallywith six to eight wires per actuator required andvariousvoltages from atapped

batterypack. But therewas an exception; the cleverly designed Graupner Bellamatic only needed two. Additionally, many weren’t supplied with plugs,justbareleads,soyou needed to be handywith asoldering iron or at least have amatewho was.

One manufacturerled the pack with reed actuatorsand that wasBonner andits Duramitemulti servo weighing 70 g, having a stated 1.8 kg of thrust.Thisservo wasused by many manufacturers of the time,o�ten with their ownlogo puton. TheDuramitewas for receivers that hadrelays andthe Transmitehad electronic circuitryinside foruse with newer relayless receivers

Electronic Developments (E.D) were oneof the first UK manufacturers to sella commercial reed set up.Itwas amodificationoftheir wellregarded, ground based single channel set but havinga control boxconnected by alonglead to the main boxonthe ground.However,radio gearbackthen wasexpensive so home built sets were popular.

REMCON &RCM&E

In RCM&E, October 1964, details fora homebuilt set called the RemconTwelvewere published. Components such as thecase, printed circuitboard,switches,aerial etc.were available from Remcon Electronics Ltd. But

The onnerDuramitewas essentiallythe Futaba 4 ofthe day.

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