Manchester Clean Air Zone Presentations 2019

Welcome to the Manchester Clean Air Roadshow

Greater Manchester Clean Air Plan Megan Black, TfGM 10 September 2019

Background

Poor air quality contributes to the equivalent of 1,200 deaths a year in Greater Manchester.

Air pollution affects people throughout their lifetime.

How the GM Clean Air Plan Proposals have been developed The legal requirements • The Government has directed more than 60 local authorities to take action to bring NO2 levels within legal limits in “the shortest possible time”.

• This includes the 10 Greater Manchester Authorities who are required to take quick action to reduce NO2 emissions, which are mainly produced by older diesel engines.

The Greater Manchester approach • Greater Manchester local authorities are working together to develop a Clean Air Plan to tackle air pollution on local roads.

Modelling shows that illegal levels of NO2 will span all ten Local Authorities in 2021 if no action is taken • Over 150 stretches of road across GM will still be in breach of legal limits for harmful concentrations of NO2 in two years unless action is taken • The government’s previous model had identified just 11 locations • The red sections are over the legal limit, the orange sections are those that are at risk of breaching the limit

The development of the proposals followed a specific process and meet government criteria The proposed package of measures addresses the legal requirement to remove ALL exceedances of NO2 concentrations at 40Âľg/m3 or above in the “shortest possible timeâ€? in line with with government guidance and legal rulings.

Government stated that local authorities must consider implementing a Clean Air Zone unless they can identify alternative measures which are as effective in reducing NO2 air pollution at least as quickly.

Government has specified four ‘classes’ of Clean Air Zones

Greater Manchester Clean Air Plan proposals To tackle NO2 exceedances at the roadside in the “shortest possible time”

A Clean Air Zone across the whole of Greater Manchester in two phases from 2021.

Non-compliant buses, coaches, taxis, private hire vehicles, HGVs, vans and minibuses would pay a daily penalty.

Vehicle Type

Assumed CAZ Penalty in OBC

Taxi/PHV

£7.50

LGV

£7.50

HGV

£100

Bus/Coach

£100

Failure to pay the daily charge would result in a £120 penalty charge notice (PCN), in addition to the charge

What is a Clean Air Zone?

• This is a designated area within which certain higher-pollution vehicles would pay a charge (referred to as a daily penalty) to drive.

• Vehicles which do not comply with the required emissions standards would pay a daily penalty for each day on which they drive into, out of, within or through the Clean Air Zone.

• Failure to pay the daily penalty would result in the issue of a penalty charge notice (PCN), requiring an additional payment.

• A Clean Air Zone is not the same as a Congestion Charging Zone, which charges all vehicles that enter the Zone

How would the Clean Air Zone work?

• The Clean Air Zone would operate 24 hours a day, seven days a week.

• Non-compliant vehicles entering and/or travelling within or through Greater Manchester would be subject to a daily penalty, except for journeys made only on the Strategic Road Network.

• The details of how the Clean Air Zone would work are still being developed, our current expectations are that: o A central payment portal will be in place. o Signage will be the same across the UK – designed by Government. o ANPR cameras would be deployed across the region o More detail on the workings of the Clean Air Zone will be included for feedback in the statutory public consultation.

Greater Manchester Clean Air Plan proposals To tackle NO2 exceedances at the roadside in the “shortest possible time”

In addition to the Clean Air Zone: • A multi-million pound funding package to support local business to upgrade to cleaner vehicles.

• A GM Clean Air Loan Scheme • Treble the number of electric vehicle public charging points in GM. • Helping Greater Manchester switch to greener transport.

Funding to clean up GM’s non-compliant vehicles Under our current proposals, the funds will support: • Taxis and private hire vehicles licensed in Greater Manchester.

• HGVs and vans, minibuses and coaches (not used as a registered bus service) and other commercial vehicles may be eligible, which are registered in Greater Manchester.

•

Buses/coaches operating as registered services within Greater Manchester.

•

Your responses to this conversation will help us to develop the detail of these funds. Further information on how these funds will operate will then be set out in the statutory public consultation.

* The indicative funding amounts above are subject to Government approval and further refinement.

Seeking views on the outline proposals

• Between 13 May and 30 June we held a Conversation to get the views on the proposals from residents and businesses across GM and beyond.

• We are currently analysing the 3,300 responses we received.

• Around 15% of responses were from businesses within Greater Manchester. With GM representative groups – like FSB and GM Chamber also responding.

• The GM Clean Air Plan proposals will be developed in more detail over the coming months, informed by the responses from the conversation.

Feedback from Government • On 10 July Council leaders in GM received a response to the Outline Business Case of the GM Clean Air Plan from Defra Minister, Thérèse Coffey.

• The letter included a Ministerial Direction requiring a Class C Clean Air Zone without any exemption for Light Goods Vehicles (LGVs), to be implemented across Greater Manchester in 2021.

• It also included £36 million to aid in setting up Clean Air Zone infrastructure.

• The letter did not reference any grant funding to support affected groups in upgrading or replacing their vehicles to become compliant.

Next steps • The implications of the Direction and Ministerial response were discussed at the GMCA meeting on 26 July.

• An urgent meeting with the Minister and the Secretary of State for the Environment has also been requested by Cllr Andrew Western and the Mayor of GreaterManchester.

• Continuing to work with businesses across Greater Manchester to understand the impact that the proposals will have on them.

• A statutory consultation will follow, where you can have your say on our detailed proposals.

Session 1

Preparing for the Clean Air Zone

Emissions - Impact

• Oxides of Nitrogen NOx – Local Air Quality • Particulates – Local Air Quality • CO2 – Global warming • CO – Local Air Quality • Methane – Global warming

Emissions Reductions Heavy vehicles

Source of data SMMT

Replacement candidates

H2

Electric

Hybrid

Diesel

Ethanol

Biodiesel

CNG LNG

1. Must be as efficient as diesel  Total Cost of Ownership  Reliability & Safety  Payload & Versatility  Comfort & performance 2. Must be low environmental impact  Reduced CO2 emission  Reduced air pollutants  Reduced noise  Reduced oil dependency 3. Requires efficient distribution network  Widespread availability  Ongoing, easy access supply

Replacement candidates Alternative technologies Full Electric

Plug-in Hybrid

CNG Bio CNG

LNG Bio LNG

Parallel Hybrid

+++

+

+++

+++

+++

Regional

Short distance only

No benefit

+

+++

+++

Off-Road

Impractical 10 years +

No benefit

+

+++

+++

National

Impractical 10 years +

No benefit

No benefit

Long Haul

Impractical 10 years +

No benefit

No benefit

Missions

Urban

+++ Rigids only

Difficult

+++ +++

What does it take to beat the diesel solution ?

BATTERY Supplies energy to the eaxle

FUEL CELL POWERTRAIN FOR LONG HAUL TRANSPORT

MULTIMODAL E-AXLE Generates the driving force

FUEL CELL Converts chemical energy into electricity

HYDROGEN TANKS Stackable tanks to ensure vehicle autonomy

What is the carbon footprint of the Hydrogen?

What’s available? - Electric  3.5t GVW and below

• • • • • •

Renault Nissan LDV Iveco Citroen / Peugeot BD Auto

 Coming soon

• • • • •

Mercedes Volkswagen / MAN Fiat LEVC Ford

What’s available? - Electric  3.51t - 7.5t GVW

• • • • •

Renault LDV Iveco BD Auto Fuso

 Coming soon

• • • •

Mercedes Volkswagen / MAN Ford Fiat

What’s available? - Electric  Above 7.5t GVW

• • • •

Tevva (also range extended) Electra EMOS (also range extended) E Force

 Coming soon

• • • • • • •

Mercedes MAN DAF? Iveco Scania Volvo / Renault Arrival

What’s available? - Hybrid

 Fuso Canter  Ford Transit Custom

What’s available? – Natural gas  3.5 to 7.2 t GVW CNG

• Iveco Daily  7.5 to 26t GVW rigids CNG with a few LNG variants.

• • • • •

Iveco Eurocargo and Stralis Scania Volvo FE Renault Mercedes Econic and Actros

 Artics

• Iveco – 4x2 and 6x2 – CNG and LNG • Scania - 4x2 – CNG and LNG • Volvo - 4x2 and 6x2 – LNG only

What’s available? – Bio Diesel

 HVO and GTL are accepted by most manufacturers with no impact on warranty. Availability is poor in the UK  FAME usually limited to 7%.  PPO not generally accepted in Euro VI engines.  Advanced synthetic fuels are in development.

The Dilema • • • • • • •

Urban Car and Light Commercial Short distance Construction Equipment (diggers etc) City Bus Air Quality Zero emission

Electric or H2 Fuel Cell

• • • • • • •

Extra Urban Medium and Heavy Commercial Long distance Agricultural Equipment (Tractors etc) Intercity Bus and Coach Global warming Low Carbon

Internal Combustion with Bio Fuel

Beyond CAZ compliance

Why go beyond CAZ standards?

To comply with regulation…

• Tackling poor air quality is high on the political agenda.

• UK cities have started to introduce Clean Air Zones.

…but it’s not just about doing the minimum • Improve company image and achieve CSR goals.

Image: Pacific Standard

• Tackle all emissions sources.

• Zero Emission Zones (ZEZs) are expected in the 2020s.

• Learning and futureproofing.

• Are fleets planning for future policy changes?

• Save money?

Image: Evirotec

Beyond CAZ compliance

Can alternative fuels actually save money?

Beyond CAZ compliance

Case Study 1: Small Panel Van Results Congestion Zone Charge

Road taxes

Fuel

Maintenance

Depreciation

£40,000 £35,000

Whole Life Cost (£)

£30,000 £25,000 £20,000 £15,000 £10,000 £5,000 £-

Diesel Comparator Vehicle (Euro 6)

BEV (OEM)

PHEV

LPG

FAME (Biodiesel)

FC REEV

Beyond CAZ compliance

Case Study 2: Medium Goods Vehicle Results O-Licence

Congestion Zone Charge

Road taxes

Fuel

Maintenance

Depreciation

Whole Life Cost (£)

£200,000 £160,000 £120,000 £80,000 £40,000 £-

Diesel Comparator Vehicle (Euro VI)

BEV (low volume)

BEV (re-power)

CNG

Bio-CNG

DF LPG

FAME (Biodiesel)

Beyond CAZ compliance

Case Study 3: Large Goods Vehicle Total Cost of Ownership (£)

Results O-Licence

Congestion Zone Charge

Road taxes

Fuel

Maintenance

Depreciation

£700,000 £600,000 £500,000 £400,000 £300,000 £200,000 £100,000 £-

Diesel Comparator Vehicle (Euro VI)

CNG

Bio-CNG

LNG

DF LPG

FAME (Biodiesel)

Beyond CAZ compliance

Summary of Performance • Electric: • Small vans: strong business case particularly with an emissions charging scheme.

• Large vans and rigid trucks: environmental savings but payback is challenging.

• PHEV: • Strong economic case with an emissions charging scheme or opportunity recharging.

• Natural Gas: • Similar CO2 emissions to diesel and very low pollutant emissions.

• High annual mileages and high capacity gas stations typically required.

• Biogas: • Biomethane provides significant WTW CO2 emission savings.

• LPG: • Dual fuel can cut costs with similar emissions to diesel.

• Biodiesel B20 (FAME): • Reduced WTW CO2 emission savings with similar air quality performance. Check warranty, maintenance and fuel consumption.

Beyond CAZ compliance

Fleet Response to a ZEZ

Beyond CAZ compliance

“How should our fleet respond to a city ZEZ?” Fleet operation analysis: • Vehicle movements into a typical UK city analysed.

• Vans, rigids and artics, TCT and ambient.

• <100 miles DC to store round trip.

• Limited availability of heavy EVs. Options for ZEZ response: • Stay and pay.

• Like-for-like vehicle replacement.

• Downsize and replace.

• Mode shift or consolidation.

Four ZEZ scenarios developed: • Increasingly stringent set of scenarios. TRUs excluded from all but the ZEZ-extreme.

2. Low 1. ZEZ-lite compliance cost All vehicles, < 3.5t only TRUs excluded

3. High compliance cost All vehicles, TRUs excluded

All vehicles, TRUs included

Times

7am-6pm weekdays

24/7

24/7

24/7

Start date

2030

2025

2025

2025

Charges for noncomplianc e

£12.50 per day vans (N/A HGVs)

£12.50 per day vans

£50 per day vans

£100 per day HGVs

£200 per day HGVs

Category

Vehicles

4. ZEZextreme

No option to pay

Beyond CAZ compliance

Results Factor

Cost (Diesel)

Scenario 1: ZEZ-lite

Savings from baseline (%) Scenario 2: Scenario 3: low cost of high cost of compliance compliance

Scenario 4: ZEZextreme

-0.3%

-35%

-86%

N/A

Cost (EV)

N/A

-28%

-30%

-26%

WTW CO2

0%

46%

46%

64%

NOx

0%

9%

9%

100%

PM

0%

-18%

-18%

100%

Example Recommendations: • Set a long-term vision for a ZE fleet to support further action.

• Increase CAPEX & OPEX budgets for deploying EVs or paying ZEZ fees.

• Trial electric vans and rigids • Review and trial low and ZE TRUs. • Keep abreast of policy and legislative developments.

City Considerations: • ZEZs are an effective method of accelerating the deployment of ZE vehicles.

• Policy must reflect ZE vehicle maturity, availability and cost performance.

• Consider impact on vehicle numbers, congestion and safety if fleet sizes increase in response to a ZEZ. • Inclusion (enforcement) of TRUs in ZEZs is problematic.

Beyond CAZ compliance

Smart Technologies

Beyond CAZ compliance

Project ACCRA ACCRA: Autonomous Connected Vehicles for Cleaner Air

• Local Authorities have limited interventions available to address the issue.

REEV (Tevva)

AQ Sensors (EarthSense)

City Interface

• 50,000 premature deaths per year in UK attributed to poor air quality.

Interface

Challenge:

Interface

Product Development

Decision Making Engine (Dinniq)

Solution: • Integrating urban traffic management and control systems, mobile pollution sensing equipment and PHEVs.

Urban Traffic Management Control

Beyond CAZ compliance

Project ACCRA Delivery: • 45 vehicles over 8 months • Leeds City Council fleets: parking enforcement & refuse collection teams.

Benefits: • Local Authorities can directly impact vehicle emissions within their area.

• Significant improvements in air quality and public health.

Economics: • Job creation; societal economic benefits from improved air quality.

Preparing for Clean Air Zones Retrofit Options â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Clean Vehicle Retrofit Accreditation Scheme (CVRAS) Colin Smith, Programme Manager Energy Saving Trust

Options to comply with a CAZ/ULEZ/LEZ

• Avoid the zone • Accept & pay the charge • Re-arrange fleet • Buy “new” compliant vehicles • Retrofit

â&#x20AC;&#x153;Ripe for Retrofitâ&#x20AC;?

Replacement cost Service life remaining

CAZ fees

Retrofit cost

Resale value

Replace the vehicle or Retrofit the vehicle

Retrofit Market Total number of non-compliant vehicles – DVLA Database Number of vehicles that enter CAZ Info known by only the operator

Vehicles that will be replaced Number of Vehicles “Ripe for Retrofit”

Diminishing number of vehicles and a move to more niche/specialist vehicles

Use CVRAS approved and listed retrofit systems • The “promise” of incentives and enforcement has brought out all the shysters and ‘snake oil’ salesmen • Many adverts are claiming fuel and NOx savings. Or even claiming to be able to get CVRAS approval • Only the accredited systems will be CAZ compliant and enable you to operate in every zone without paying a charge or receiving penalty.

• Don’t believe everything you read!

• Report misleading adverts to LowCVP/EST

CVRAS Requirements

Product Performance Requirements

Supplier Requirements Entry on the CVRAS Register & Approved Device List

Representative test cycles used for CVRAS

Bus

Coach

HGV

RCV

Black cab

Van/car

Remember aiming for Euro 6/VI equivalence

Targeted emissions • NO & NO2 - oxides of nitrogen NOx NO2

• Nitrogen dioxide

PM

• Particulate Matter - mass

PN

• Particulate Matter – particle count

CO2 CO2e NH3 Primary emissions

• Carbon dioxide – fuel efficiency • Equivalents as CH4 & N2O as potent GHGs • Ammonia = poisonous gas Secondary emissions

Can we break this cycle?

Stimulate market with funds to develop systems for the demand identified

No retrofits for HGV listed

No systems developed

Collaboration between operators and suppliers to identify real demand Can we pool demand to improve the business case?

Technically not true as systems for RCV

Considered a “unicorn”

No demand

STOP PRESS Retrofit for HGV now listed

A less than positive attitude leads to a “no can do” perception

58

Session 2 Operating Factors

Clean Air Roadshow Electric Vehiclesâ&#x20AC;Śa case study David Maidman Business Director, Biffa Russell Markstein Commercial Director, Electra Commercial Vehicles

Why…..we are all familiar with the case for Electric?

• • • •

2021 - 2023 target dates for major manufactures Manchester - clean air agenda & timetable Congestion charge, T Charge and ULEZ Opportunity for Electra Commercial Vehicles

Whyâ&#x20AC;Ś..we are all familiar with the case for Electric?

Significant trials throughout 2018 - 2019 Biffa ongoing trials at Manchester City Council, these are our findings, some you may agree and some you may not • Manchester – city environment high density housing collections – 4 wheeled containers (flats & high rise) • Manchester – city environment high density housing collections – 2 wheeled containers (low level housing)

Manchester Hours on Shift Tonnage Collected Containers Lifted Mileage Battery Utilisation KW Battery Capacity Used Power Cost ÂŁ

07:17 17.34 252 49 126 63% 12.56

Driver Feedback • • •

Positive Familiar Change of Driving style

The Future for EV? • • • • •

Infrastructure Interim solution or long term Not for everybody – ‘last mile’ Skills to support Waste sector leading the way

Background Environment Management is the operational division of RBC and is responsible for; • Waste collections • Grounds maintenance • Street cleansing • Bereavement services • Fleet provision management • Recycling • Environmental action and enforcement • Parks and open spaces management • Playground inspection and maintenance • Arboriculture services We use small vans for inspection, enforcement and supervisory duties where vehicle capacity and load carrying weight aren’t critical.

The Accidental Journey

Challenges Electrification of Small Fleet The main challenges have been; • Staff buying into driving electric vehicles- Easily overcome once driven!

• Charge points- namely funding the units and the restriction on the number of units due to their electrical loading on the depots supply; • Funding was achieved through a matched funding bid from TfGM where the contribution from the Council was achieved from the purchase price of the vehicles. TfGM provided a grant of £10k towards the cost of 14 new charge points (2No x 32 amp fast and 12No x 16 amp standard). Total cost was £23k.

• This according to our electrical department brings us up to full capacity for charge points, any further installation would require a new substation for the depot.

The Costs of Running an EV

Purchase Costs Economical Life SpanBased on the simplicity of an electric van in comparison to a diesel van the intention is to keep the EV’s for a seven year period as opposed to the five years we usually keep small vans (EM calculates costs based on depreciation to zero) Purchasing CostsNissan eNV200 = £25000.00 Ford Transit Connect = £17600.00 Over Seven YearsNissan eNV200 = £25000.00 Ford Transit Connect = £24640.00 (divide purchase cost by 5 and multiply by 7) Saving +/-£360.00

Fuel Costs Figures based on 7K miles per annum Nissan eNV200 (based on £2/night charge) -£104.00 x 7 years = £ 729.00 Ford Transit Connect (based on 16.7p/mile) -£1170.00 x 7 years = £8190.00 Saving = + £7462.00

Scheduled Maintenance Scheduled Maintenance per Annum Nissan eNV200 = £316.61 x 7 years = £2216.27 Ford Transit Connect = £732.23 x 7 years = £5125.61 Saving = +£2909.34

Unscheduled Maintenance Based on our experience of maintaining Ford Transit Connect and Nissan eNV vans the average extra cost of unscheduled maintenance would realise a saving of approximately ÂŁ2000.00* * Based on an economical lifespan of 5 years for a diesel fuelled vehicle.

Total Costs/Savings Purchase Costs Fuel Costs Scheduled Maintenance Unscheduled Maintenance

-£360.00 +£7462.00 +£2909.34 +£2000.00

Total Savings

£12371.34

Per Annum

-£1767.33 over a Ford Transit Connect

Range 30KW eNV200 Tekna* vans have a range of 90 miles between charges 40KW eNV200 Tekna* vans have a range of 130 miles between charges This range is more than sufficient for our needs as we average 27 miles per day *We took the Tekna option as it came with heated driverâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s seat and steering wheel and satellite navigation.

We took this option as both of these can extend the vehicles range. The heated seats and steering wheel take a smaller current draw than the vehicle heater and as most of our vehicles are single occupancy this option will aid in extending range.

A major factor in vehicle utilisation and range is route planning and the satellite navigation system greatly aids in this.

Charging

CHARGING FLAP

Going Forward In order to expand the use of EV vehicles to the public we would suggest a standardisation of both charge points and payment methods.

Colleagues who have run EVâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s privately have commented on the number of cards they have to carry just to get a charges.

This is something we as an Authority are keen to discuss with TfGM as there is a willingness to provide charge points in our parks and there is concern over providing a messy solution that is both expensive, over-complicated and unusable to the general public.

Alternative Fuels Operating Factors

David Batty Fleet Engineer Abbey Logistics Group abbeylogisticsgroup.com

Introduction

In 2018 and 2019 Abbey Logistics trialled LNG and CNG trucks from three manufacturers across a variety of different scenarios.

We completed thousands of miles of real world testing to see what benefits gas power could bring to our business.

Why Gas Power?

•

Gas powered vehicles are now a competitive alternative to Diesel.

•

Technology has advanced to the point where gas power can potentially rival diesel in all areas

•

The two key benefits of gas power are significant reductions in greenhouse gases and genuine cost savings.

•

Refuelling infrastructure is not as extensive as traditional fuels but is already in place on key strategic transport routes and more refuelling stations are opening each week.

20% of UK transport greenhouse gas emissions come from diesel LGVs

Gases Explained Biomethane/Compressed Natural Gas Produced from food, sewage and other organic waste by a process of anaerobic digestion. Delivered to refuelling stations by pipeline

LNG Produced in the same was as CNG. Gas is then cooled turning the gas into a liquid state. The volume in liquid state is about 600 times smaller than its volume in its gaseous state. Stored at refuelling stations in tanks.

Compared to diesel: Ultra low particulate emissions Ultra low NOx emissions Signbificant reduction in noise pollution CO2 reductions compared to diesel* Biomethane

70%

LNG

17%

*This comparator uses the EU data generated by EUCAR/Concawe/JRC in their report: â&#x20AC;&#x153;Well-to-wheels Analysis of Future Automotive Fuels and Powertrains in the European Context â&#x20AC;&#x201C; WTT APPENDIX 2

Vehicle Roles and Their Optimum Fuel

Long Distance LNG

Medium Distance Weight

Distribution CNG

Local Delivery Electric

Final Mile

Government Support For Gas •

European authorities are supporting the rapid development of gas distribution.

•

EU member states set binding targets in 2016 which included the installation of gas fuel pumps.

•

According to the EU directive, a network of LNG filling stations should be in place along major European transport routes by 2025.

•

The EU has proposed a recommended maximum distance of 400 kilometres between LNG filling stations and a recommended distance of 150 kilometres between CNG filling stations.

•

This should ensure the complete coverage and availability of natural gas and biomethane as fuels throughout Europe.

By 2025 the maximum distance between filling stations will be:

150km

400km

CNG

LNG

Source: The Natural Gas Vehicle (NGV) Network

Abbeyâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Use of Gas Fuels

BIO CNG & LNG 1. Trials

3. DRIVER TEAMS

Of BIO CNG and LNG powered vehicles from Scania, Iveco and Volvo

Involved in trial to assess drivability and comfort

2. BACK TO BACK

4. WORKSHOP

Comparison with diesel powered trucks on same journey with the same load (mix of long and short haul)

Consulted throughout trial to understand servicing requirements and costs

CNG Trial Results

30-33%

83 - 85%

Positive

Reduction in fuel costs

Reduction in CO2 emissions

Feedback from drivers involved in the trial â&#x20AC;&#x201C; trucks were: quieter, cleaner, easier to refuel and pull virtually as well as diesel

Conclusion: CNG exceeded our expectations in all areas. This trial focused on lower tare weight journeys and CNG was very well suited

Abbey’s Use of Gas Fuels

LNG, 40 and 44 tonne bulk Trialled LNG powered Iveco and Volvo trucks on Abbey’s British Sugar contract work.

Positive feedback from drivers and the customer with benefits recorded as: • • • •

Lower fuel costs Quieter, more comfortable trucks Engines easier to service than Euro 6 diesel engines Torque virtually identical to diesel equivalents

Next Steps • Cost and benefit analysis • Total cost of ownership

Looking Forward

We will continue to monitor the costs and operational efficiencies of our LNG vehicles when they arrive in our fleet This long term testing will enable us to make a decision as to which areas of the business most suit LNG powered vehicles We are confident that gas technology is now in a place that can directly rival diesel power.

Once a complete refuelling infrastructure is in place, gas power may well be the norm rather than the exception on UK roads.

Funding

Greater Manchester Clean Air Proposals

The GM Clean Air proposals • To introduce a Clean Air Zone across the whole of Greater Manchester in two phases from 2021.

• In 2021 non-compliant buses, coaches, taxis, private hire vehicles and HGVs would pay a daily penalty.

• In 2023 non-compliant vans and minibuses would pay a daily penalty.

• Cars (other than private hire vehicles), motorbikes and mopeds are out of scope.

The GM Clean Air proposals A multi-million pound funding package to support local business to upgrade to cleaner vehicles to support: • Taxis and private hire vehicles • HGVs, vans, minibuses • Buses and coaches The proposals also include: • A loan finance scheme • Treble the number of electric vehicle public charging points in GM. • Helping Greater Manchester switch to greener transport.

Clean Freight Fund • Our proposals include a £59 million funding ask from Government to support the upgrade of the HGVs and vans, minibuses and coaches (not used as a registered bus service) and other commercial vehicles may be eligible, which are registered in GM. • At this stage we do not know how much funding would be available for each vehicle.

• We want to find out how much support vehicle owners would need and how we can offer support to upgrade vehicles and reduce air pollution as quickly as possible.

Loan Finance â&#x20AC;˘ Leeds does not offer loan financing for non-scheduled buses, coaches and HGVs, however, it is an option being considered under current GM proposals. â&#x20AC;˘ This would allow those taking advantage of the Clean Vehicle Funds to access loans that would support the management of vehicle change costs and promote the longer term savings that low emission vehicles can offer over time.

Case Study: Leeds Clean Air Zone What we can learn from Leeds?

• Class B Clean Air Zone • 50sq miles (proposed GM Clean Air Zone boundary approx. 500sq miles) • Automatic Number Plate Recognition (ANPR) technology active 24/7 • Daily charges for HGVs, buses, coaches, taxis and private hire vehicles.

What support does Leeds offer?

• Grants of up to £16,000 per eligible vehicle to cover costs of meeting emissions standards.

• Can be used to purchase a compliant vehicle or an approved fitting of accredited retrofit solution to meet emissions standards • A business can apply for funding for no more than ten vehicles • Businesses are required to fund the difference where the grant does not cover the full cost • Funding applications are reviewed in rounds • Applications are subject to prioritisation criteria

The prioritisation factors that Leeds consider when deciding which vehicles get funding?

• Business base location • Individual vehicle base location • Annual mileage of non-compliant vehicles (and estimated percentage of this done inside the CAZ boundary) • Number of days per week vehicle typically enters the CAZ • Time (hours) per week vehicle typically enters the CAZ • Euro standard of non-compliant vehicles • Current vehicle scheduled replacement year (if CAZ scheme did not exist) • Estimated lead time for proposed solution (i.e. retrofitting, replacement etc.) to be implemented from date if Grant awarded • Current and future operation of the business

Discussion

â&#x20AC;˘ What do we need to consider when looking at the grant and the loan finance proposals? â&#x20AC;˘ What would encourage you to change your vehicle?

Thank you