Paintball Marker Initiated Injury - Fault Tree Analysis Thursday, April 02, 2009 Injury defined as those requiring emergency room treatment.
Paintball Marker Injures/Kills a Person
Paintball Impact Injury Occurs .012
Mechanical Based Marker Injury .0026
1.6e4 Compressed Air Injury Occurs (Pg 2)
.8836 Marker Fires (Pg 3)
Player in path of marker fire .90
1.0 Safety Equipment Fails (Pg 4)
Marker Bolt (17JA) backfires and hits player in face
Injury is severe enough to require hospitilization 0.015
.8836 Marker Fires (Pg 3)
Sight rail (47E) fails to stop marker bolt .111
Finger crushed between sight rail (47E) and Marker Bolt (17JA) .0026
9.5e7
Marker bolt not stopped by mechanical controls 13.4e7
Quick Disconnect Pin (23B) Fails to stop marker bolt Sight Rail (47E) Bolt Guard broken off of marker .05
Vibration loosens Screw-05B .01
.061 Screw-05B falls off gun releasing sight rail
Screw-05B head breaks off due to impact .001
Screw-05B not tightened properly after cleaning .05
Player’s face is behind marker .90 Player’s finger is between sight rail(47E) and bolt (17JA) .0029 .8836 Marker Fires (Pg 3)
Bolt Pin (21) fails to stop marker bolt .0011
.011
Disconnect Pin Breaks (23B) .001
Disconnect Pin Lock (23C) disengaged .01
Finger slip adjusting Velocity Screw (29C) .0025 Bolt Screw breaks (22) or not in place .0001
Finger in slot while manually setting bolt (17JA) .004
Bolt Pin (21) breaks due to impact or wear .001
Event probabilities were determined based on Conn et al. (2009), ASD Injury Report (2000) & Kee Action Sports Report (2009) or were determined by using best estimates based on experienced players giving opinions on estimated occurrence of bottom level events.
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Paintball Marker Initiated Injury - Fault Tree Analysis Thursday, April 02, 2009
Compressed Air Cylinder Explodes Injuring People
Compressed Air Injury Occurs
0.016009
People in explosion vicinity .80
1.6e4
Compressed Air Cylinder Breaks free of marker & becomes a projectile injuring a person 7.25e11
Cylinder explodes 0.02001125
Cylinder breaks free of marker and rapidly decompresses 2.9e10
.02 Cylinder suffers severe impact force .001 Cylinder burst disc fails to break
Cylinder is overpressurized .01125 Cylinder overfilled during refill .01025
Cylinder overheated causing compressed air to expand .001
.0025 Fill level gauge gives false reading (reads low, actual high)
False reading leads to explosion .00025
.10 Person filling tank does not stop at correct pressure
Cylinder breaks off marker 0.0029
True reading leads to explosion .01
Person filling tank does not check or understand fill .05 gauge
.25 Person filling tank does not stop at correct pressure
C/A Adaptor or Cylinder Threading Fails .0001 Cylinder mount screws fail (36D | 36E) .0001
Disconnect hose breaks (37J) .0001
Event probabilities were determined based on Conn et al. (2009), ASD Injury Report (2000) & Kee Action Sports Report (2009) or were determined by using best estimates based on experienced players giving opinions on estimated occurrence of bottom level events.
C/A Adaptor breaks (2235) .0025
Person in path of cylinder ‘rocket’ .25
.001 Cylinder burst disc fails to break
.0001 Pin in cylinder which releases air remains fixed on
C/A Male adaptor on cylinder breaks .0001
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Paintball Marker Initiated Injury - Fault Tree Analysis Thursday, April 02, 2009 *The marker firing could be viewed as a desired event in most situations. From that view this tree can be considered a success tree; however, in the case of the main initiating event of the marker causing injury, the firing of the gun can be considered a negative event contributing to the injury occurrence. So from that view this is a fault tree. Marker Fires* .8836
Compressed Air Flow Present .94
Trigger Activated .94
Touch Switch (JE27) Activated .9503
Trigger Pulled on Marker intentionally .95
Battery charged (JE1015) .99
Power turned on (E33A) .99
Power switch intentionally on (E33A) .98
Electrical short activates trigger switch (JE27)
Electrical short turns on power switch (E33A) .01
No blockages in air flow within gun .99
No air leaks in marker .95
Air Cylinder Attached with Air .99
.0003
Vibration loosens connecting wire leads to short .0001
Water enters dipswitch hole and shorts switch .0001
Compression chambers not leaking (44HJ, 08LJ) .90
Disconnect Hose not punctured (37J) .99
All O-Rings Functional (09, 19A, 20, 2135, 37A, 37C) .85
Normal wear and tear leads to broken wire short .0001
Event probabilities were determined based on Conn et al. (2009), ASD Injury Report (2000) & Kee Action Sports Report (2009) or were determined by using best estimates based on experienced players giving opinions on estimated occurrence of bottom level events.
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Paintball Marker Initiated Injury - Fault Tree Analysis Thursday, April 02, 2009
Safety Equipment Fails (PPE) 1.0
Mask not being worn 1.0
PPE being used/ worn fails 0.7712 Player removes Mask on field of play
Mask falls off during play .05
1.0
Player intentionally disregards rules of play 1.0
Barrel bag cords break due to impact .001 Player unaware of rules regarding mask
Barrel bag/ plug not on tight enough
.1872
Mask strap too loose or breaks .10
.01
Player needs to adjust mask .80
Player needs to clean mask due to fogging of lens .40
Player is feeling overheated .10
Player did not read posted field signage .80
Player did not read warnings posted on marker or paintball bags .7501
Player needs to breath without restriction .10 Signage not posted or visible .05
Player uninterested in reading and understanding warnings .75
Warnings not present .0001
.25 Mouth vents to large to prevent paint Lens Mask not shell/spray fractures due being worn entering to impact properly mouth .05 .0001 Lens fogs up Mask shell Face or ear due to play too soft or guards creating poor worn too fracture due visibility close to face to impact condition .0001 .01 .35
Player did not learn rule during field training session .312
Player did not listen during Player session Training uninterested in .30 session No training reading and covered session given understanding inadequate warnings .75 information .001 .001
Event probabilities were determined based on Conn et al. (2009), ASD Injury Report (2000) & Kee Action Sports Report (2009) or were determined by using best estimates based on experienced players giving opinions on estimated occurrence of bottom level events.
Training session moderator unqualified .01
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