Understanding LED
Light Emitting Diode A solid state semiconductor device that converts electrical energy directly into light.
Introduction LED technology is advancing quickly. Sometimes, there is confusion regarding the information about LED. By comparing LEDs with other common used light sources, this brochure helps you to achieve a better understanding of the realities of LED lighting.
Comparisons General Comparison LED
Compact Fluorescent Lamp
(MP LED72)
(GE 13W CFL)
Halogen Lamp
(Philips MR16 50W EXN 36°)
Incandescent Lamp
Cool White
Warm White
Energy Use
12W
12W
13W
50W
60W
Efficacy
100 lm/W
80 lm/W
63 lm/W
16 lm/W
14 lm/W
Life Time in Hours
50,000
50,000
8,000
3,500
1,000
Life Time in Years ◊
17.1
17.1
2.7
1.2
0.3
Use of Electricity in 50,000 Hours
12W x 50,000h = 600kwh
12W x 50,000h = 600kwh
13W x 50,000h = 650kwh
50W x 50,000h = 2,500kwh
60W x 50,000h = 3,000kwh
Cost of Electricity in 50,000 Hours†
600kwh x $0.14/kwh = $84
600kwh x $0.14/kwh = $84
650kwh x $0.14/kwh = $91
2,500kwh x $0.14/kwh = $350
3,000kwh x $0.14/kwh = $420
Maintenance Labor Cost in 50,000 Hours‡
0
0
1.67 x 5 lamps = $8.35
1.67 x 13 lamps = $21.71
1.67 x 49 lamps = $81.83
Based on the usage of 8 hours/day Electricity rate $0.14/kwh. ‡ Labor cost is $1.67 per lamp, which is based on 4min re-lamping time per track light. ◊
†
Aspects Comparison LEDs to Fluorescent Lamps LED
Fluorescent
Dimmable
Yes
Yes (Color shifting to cooler light temperature)
Compact Light Source
Yes
No
Blink and Flutter Problems
No
Yes
UV Radiation
No
Yes
Mercury Pollution
No
Yes
Breakage
No
Yes
Copyright 2009 © MP Lighting. All information in this document is subject to change.
2
Rail system with 6, 50W MR16 Halogen Lamps vs. rail system with 6, 12W MP LED72
12W MP LED72 x 6
50W MR16 x 6 Cool White
Warm White
5100 lm
5400 lm
4320 lm
Total Energy Use*
300W
72W
72W
Cost of Electricity in 3,500 Hours
$108.15
$35.28
$35.28
Total Lumens
Cool White 1W LED
(Available in January, 2009)
*Fixture consumption only
Warm White 1W LED
Product Life Time Comparison
Compact Fluorescent Lamp 13W
(70% lumen maintenance)
00
Compact Compact Fluorescent Lamp Fluorescent Lamp
3,500
16
Incandescent Lamp 60W
8,000
Halogen Lamp Halogen Lamp MR16 MR16
50,000
14
0
3,500
20
40
60 Lumen/Watt
Incandescent Incandescent Lamp Lamp
8,000
63
Halogen Lamp MR16 50W
LED
LED
80
1,000
1,000
10,000
0
20,000
30,000
40,000
50,000
Time (hrs)
Efficiency Comparison Cool WhiteCool White 1W LED (Available in January, 2009) 1W LED
LED Fluorescent Lamp
8,000
ogen Lamp MR16
100 50,000
Warm White Warm White 1W LED 1W LED
80
Compact Fluorescent Lamp Compact Fluorescent Lamp 13W 13W
63
3,500
ncandescent Lamp 0
Halogen Lamp MR16 Halogen Lamp MR16 50W 50W 1,000 Incandescent Lamp Incandescent Lamp 60W 10,000 20,000 30,000 60W 40,000 Time (hrs)
0
16
14
50,000 20
40
60
80
100
120
Lumen/Watt Lumen/Watt
Copyright 2009 Š MP Lighting. All information in this document120 is subject to change.
3 100
80
Time (hrs)
Light Output Comparison
(Information partially provided by Philips Lighting)
Unlike typical conventional light sources, LEDs do not dramatically burn out and cease to function. High Power LED
Relative Light Output %
100 80 60
White LED
40 20 0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
16,000
Typical Incandescent
20,000
Time (hrs)
Color Rendering Index (CRI) Comparison CRI is a rating from 0 - 100, describes how a light source makes the color of an object appear to human eyes and how well subtle variations in color shades 100 are revealed. The higher the CRI rating is, the better its color rendering ability. Relative Light Output %
96 Below is a comparison High CRI LED between depiction with high CRI (left) and low CRI (right). 80
High CRI
60 Normal LED
80
Low CRI
40 Compact Fluorescent
80
20 Tungsten Halogen
100
0 Incandescent Lamp 2,000 0
4,000
6,000
20
8,000
40
9712,000
10,000
60Time (hrs) 80
16,000
20,000
100
CRI
*For illustration purposes only.
96
High CRI LED Normal LED
80
Compact Fluorescent
80
Tungsten Halogen
100
Incandescent Lamp
97
0
20
40
60
80
100
CRI
High CRI LED has higher CRI than compact fluorescent lamp. (Information is partially provided by NRC-IRC)
Copyright 2009 Š MP Lighting. All information in this document is subject to change.
4
Environmental Impact Mercury Emissions by Light Source
LED
(Evaluated over a five-year life)
1.2 mg* (LED itself contains no mercury)
Compact Fluorescent
Since coal power in the United States accounts for approximately 50% of all power production, by using the electricity generated from coal, there is an emission of mercury as well.
6.4 mg (Mercury used in CFL, 4 mg / Emission from coal power plant, 2.4 mg*)
Halogen MR16
8.3 mg* 10 mg*
Incandescent
*By using the electricity that is generated from coal-burning power plants.
0
Milligrams of Mercury
(Information is partially provided by USEPA, June 2002)
CO2 Emission Comparison
(Based on the national average 1.34lbs/k Wh)
10
5
LED (MP LED73, 6W)
Most of our electrical power supplies come from burning fossil fuels, especially coal, a huge CO2 culprit. By using such electricity, there is an emission of CO2.
Compact Fluorescent, 13W
(Information is partially provided by National Geographic Society-Green Guide)
Incandescent, 60W
0.19 0.42 1.61
Halogen MR16
1.93
1
0
2
CO2 Emission per day in similar lumens (24hrs, in lbs)
LED (MP LED73, 6W) Compact Fluorescent, 13W
Summary
Halogen MR16, 50W
0.19 0.42 1.61
Incandescent, 60W
Besides the long product life and the reduced maintenance cost, LED is energy efficient, it delivers more lumens per watt over other light sources. Also, there is no mercury contained in LEDs. By 0 1 using less energy, LEDs not only save money, but also limit negative impact onin similar the lumens environment. CO2 Emission per day (24hrs, in lbs) All in all, LED is a cost effective, reliable and clean light source.
Copyright 2009 © MP Lighting. All information in this document is subject to change.
5
1.93
2
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10-2009