Complete magazine

May 30, 1929

TIME THE TRIUMPHANT TWENTIES Also in this issue: 10 Questions with Babe Ruth Around the World The Politics of the Decade

Table of Contents Letter from the Editor's……………………………….…...……...Page 3 Letter to the Editors……………………...……....….……….…...Page 5 Briefing …………...……………………………………………...Page 9 The Politics of the Decade…………….………...…….…..…….Page 11 Around the World………….…………………………………….Page 12 Social Unrest in the U.S.……………....…...……………………Page 14 Rise and fall of the Economy…………………………………....Page 15 The Scopes Trial: Science vs. Religion…....…………...…...Pages 17-18 Entertainment…………………...……………………………….Page 20 Sports………………………………...…………………………..Page 21 10 Questions with Babe Ruth………………………...………….Page 22 Bibliography…………………………………..………..………..Page 23

2

Letter From the Editors

Wow, already in the twenties! This is the time to explore what the cities have to offer.

Education is changing, and who knows what else, will be challenged. Everybody is now separated into many groups, soon you’ll have to choose a side, of either going with the flow, or staying in the old ways of life.

Our feature article is on the Scopes Trial, that gives you all the details on what happened in this small town trial that made it big. Will schools continue on teaching religious subjects, or begin teaching the theory of evolution? In this section, you will also learn that the man being prosecuted barely had anything to do with the trial itself, and how traditionalists compete against scientists.

This issue between Science and religion is important more so now than it ever was before because science is now going against the ways of religion to show the world religion is wrong.

This is in a way related to the way that the youth of today and the past few years have started to look away from the old habits and ways of their parents and past relatives to a more scandalous and dangerous lifestyle.

Even though that the Scopes trial is this month's featured article in Time magazine, there are still many issue and changes going on in America that I cannot disclude from this message to you. The Ku Klux Klan has begun its descent from its tyrannical rule over the minorities in the US thanks to groups that have began to pop up around the nation to stand up to the Klan. A new type of music called jazz has swept America off its feet with its melodious charm, and funky rhythm. While a new movement has just been put into motion to encourage African americans to move back to africa to stop white supremacy in their home land. There’s so much going on at this time in the nation, but that's america, and that's why we have TIME.

-from the editors Josh Halverson, and Maya Wald

3 the life of the people of the twenties

By: Sean

4

Letter To the Editor Prohibition Dear Editor, I am writing to you about your article on Prohibition. I agreed with it very much.

This amendment to our constitution has proven to be a disaster. Even if I had started off as a supporter of prohibition I would have abandoned it by now. Despite this law, many people still want their drink, in fact everyone I know still drinks.

And how do they get this alcohol? They get them at speakeasies or make their own.

There seems to be more speakeasies then there were pubs before prohibition! If the law does not stop people from drinking there is no reason to turn millions of law abiding citizens into criminals. A large side effect of prohibition has been the massive criminal organizations that have been murdering people left and right.

Prohibition takes away billions of dollars from innocent brewers and distillers and gives it to criminals. One of the main reasons that criminals don’t get caught is because the states don’t try to prosecute people who break prohibition, Utah for example spends $160 dollars to catch people who break prohibition. In places that do try to arrest people who violate prohibition the speakeasies simply bribe the police creating a large amount of corrupt government officials.

If you want to support criminals and

corrupt government officials and an amendment that does not even achieve its purpose then prohibition is for you, if not then try to get this thing repealed!

Sincerely, Jonathan Shilyansky

5

Letter to the editor: By Joshua Halverson Youth culture.

Dear editor, I’m just goofy about the article you’ve written about youth culture in the U.S. Me, being a flapper, knows about how fun, this modern youth is everyone thinks we are ritzy or ritz when all we are doing is being independent. My friend’s dapper doesn’t understand this and always tries to make her go to Church and wear long, conservative dresses, that make women more “respectable”. When all that we want to do is go to speakeasies, get some egg harbor's, and have some fun. Is us having having a good time so much of a crime that we should be punished for it? We aren’t blaah, we’re berries, we still have eye openers if we fall in love. So what if we do stuff that isn’t usually associated with women?

Whose idea was it, to have feminine qualities.

We aren’t women cellar smellers, we are women! The youth right now don’t want to conform to the old ways of our dappers, we want to live in the moment, because what better time to live than now!

-Josh Halverson

6

Letter to the Editor: Scopes Trial I do not approve of the teaching of

stages of education. Di mi, why haven’t the

evolution in the school curriculum. It is all

school boards of this state made it certain that

blaah. In our Fundamentalist Association we

this evolution concept is abolished. The

believe that evolution is not supposed to be in

people of this nation should read the Holy

the our children's education. Evolution

Text from our Bible, that is what should be

teaches that we once were simpler being

taught and ingrained into our children’s

(apes), wild animals, with no comprehension

minds, only then will there be peace in this

of what was happening and the weak are

negotiation.

being underlinings to the “superior”; if our children are taught this “subject”, they will

~ Maya Wald

act like animals. How can people believe in Darwinism, it is not true and going against the beliefs of mankind. This concept of science is going against G.O.D. act of the creation of this world. If this idea is brought into the next generation, then who will believe in what the Bible says? This is why religion should only be taught when learning the creation of this world. We need to show the rest of America that the idea of evolution should be abolished from the school curriculum, even in the higher

7

Letter to the Editor: The Scopes Trial

Dear Editor, Science is the bee’s knees, and I can't figure out why evolution shouldn’t be taught in schools in Tennessee. Tennessee was the first state to prohibit and that’s blaah. Modernists like myself allow science its place. We admit that the Bible was written by humans, and we interpret the scripture, while fundamentalists resist change of any kind and say they do not interpret the Bible. I think that The American Civil Liberties Union is the Cat’s Pajamas for defending teachers that want to teach evolution. However, I do understand that it doesn’t help my cause that many people in Tennessee are strict fundamentalists.

Nevertheless, the law was challenged by Scopes,supported by The American Civil Liberties Union and his lawyer Darrow.

I’m not happy that Scopes got charged with this silly law, but I am happy that Dorow made Bryan admit that he does interpret the Bible by asking him a series of questions that made people like him who followed the fundamentalist ideology look like yokels. I want evolution to be taught in every state and not to have these silly laws that make it not happen. I hope that one day the teaching of evolution and religion will live in harmony.

Sincerely, a concerned modernist who believes in science (Allie Schmitt-Morris)

8

Briefing

By Jonathan Shilyansky

30,000 to 100,00 estimated speakeasy clubs in New York City.

“I make my money by supplying a public demand. If I break the law, my customers, who number hundreds of the best people in Chicago, are as guilty as I am.

Everybody calls me a racketeer. I call myself a businessman.” Gangster Al Capone defending his criminal activities.

15 million Number of Model T’s sold by 1927

“The business of the American people is business. The man who builds a factory builds a temple. The man who works there worships there.” President Calvin Coolidge

12 Million Number of households with radios in America

16,410,030 Shares traded on the Black Tuesday (October 29) 1929 stock market crash.

This is a record amount.

“I knew that this job would be too much for me.”

President Warren G. Harding shortly after taking office.

9

By: Sean

10

The Politics of The Decade

By Jonathan Shilyansky This decade has been very interesting in the world of politics. All three Presidents have been in charge, during prosperous times except for the very beginning of the decade and the last couple months. All three Presidents have been Republicans and have had similar policies of lowering taxes and government spending.

Warren G. Harding took office in 1921.

He won the election by a landslide by promising a return to normalcy after the Great War. The economy recovered from the post war depression and started booming. The Washington Naval Conference which has limited the power of the world’s largest navies was signed during his presidency. However he is most known for the greatest scandal of all time, Teapot Dome. The scandal was caused because of Harding’s choice of advisers. Despite hiring some competent advisers many of them were Harding’s friends from Ohio and some of them ended up being corrupt. One of them, Albert Fall, used his position as Secretary of the Interior to lease the Navy’s oil reserves to private oil companies. The terms were very favorable to the companies and it turned out that Fall had been bribed and had become very rich. However by the time the scandal was uncovered Harding died of a heart attack and Vice President Calvin Coolidge became president.

Calvin Coolidge, like his predecessor supported a small government with very little or no government interference in the economy.

During his presidency the economy continued to do good. Coolidge tried to rein in U.S intervention in Latin America. He was able to

remove troops from some counties. However after removing troops from Nicaragua he had to send them back nine months later because of more unrest. Coolidge is known as a man of few words. Everyone expected Coolidge to run for a second term because of his high popularity however while vacationing he handed a piece of paper to reporters that said “I do not choose to run for president in 1928.”

Herbert Hoover became president in 1929. He was the Secretary of Commerce under Harding and Coolidge. Because of splits in the Democrats and the booming economy Hoover easily won election. Hoover has promised to combat poverty and lower taxes for poor people.

It is too early to tell how successful his presidency will be but the recent stock market crash may spell trouble.

Herbert Hoover, the current president

11

Around the World Europe is changing, from empires to communists. The new republics are trying to survive, but are still struck by the horrid things and can not rise out of bankruptcy and violence. Germany failed in a revolution, and can not rise from the poor economic state which they are in.

America, we are way better off, than Europe!

Although Russia is a completely different story. Vladimir Lenin, and his Bolshevik party has been taking out other groups one by one, ruthlessly.

Lenin, has created the most defensive party. White's (anti-revolutionists), has tried to obliterate this idea from the people and to make Russia the country that it used to be, with tsarism as government. The Whites league are made up of these ethnicities: Ukrainians, Balts, and Cossacks. Lenin’s second man- Trotsky, is another ruthless leader who established the Red Army, and is the current threat to the Whites league in which some former Allies are supporting. Russia seems to soon be a communist state, in this new Europe.

In India, Gandhi, a new leader for the natives, is trying to make the British Empire leave India alone in peaceful manners. He leads non-violent protests. Because of his ways the British despise him. The citizens think him a saint, in their barren lives.

In America, we have stuck to the rule of Isolationism. Since Washington’s Farewell Address, our nation has tried to stay out of European affairs. It was known clearly from the Monroe Doctrine, stating that Europe can not settle colonies anywhere in America (but still do in other nations). After that we were free from the crazy thing of war, and those ritz people cross the ocean are still talking to us! Those stuck ups, now won’t come, and jobs are getting hard to pass around.

In some countries, there is a new breed of power wanting to rule. These people are no better than a monarchy. Fascists.

Gaining control of the country and claiming themselves dictators. I tell ya, these people are bonkers, for sure! Italy, don’t get caught up in these things, but Mussolini, he is just getting started don’t say I didn’t warn you.

Fascists just terrorize their own people, innocents, for power. Who does that?

Nothing good will come out of them being around!

12

By: Sean 13

SOCIAL UNREST IN THE US Joshua Halverson After the rebirth and surge in the amount of members of the Ku Klux Klan in the past few years. It has become apparent that the organization, that currently is exclusively targeting blacks, immigrants, Jews and Christians, by lynching, wiping, taring, and hanging innocent people for social entertainment, has clearly gotten out of hand. The Ku Klux Klan Organization has now more than 4 million members and is gaining more members as the days past. The Klan has began to expand its control from not only inflicting fear but by trying to integrate themselves into the government as well.

Their symbol, a burning cross, is paraded around at festivities, meetings, and late night cross burnings that are attended by men and women dressed in white full body gowns. During these cross burnings the Klan may go to known black residences and take the occupants to torture and kill them. The organization was “reborn” in 1915 by Edward Clark, even though The Ku Klux Klan did exist before now, it did not have enough power and members to do anything.

Although the Klan is currently gaining members due to the mass immigration of Europeans and the increase in minorities. these two groups have started to compete for jobs, jobs the Ku Klux Klan members believe belong to “Americans”.

Because of the surge in their numbers they have enough influence to keep the government officials and innocent civilians from talking against them by threatening them with their lives.

People who resist the Ku Klux Klan will usually be shot and left for dead. Although, just a few weeks ago a group of people living in detroit, which has a population of 80,000 KKK members living in the city, are starting to speak out against the Ku Klux Klan, this has led to the creation of the jewish defamation league. The league is helping many jewish americans fight against the Klan. More groups have since banded together to bring down the Klan. A civic group has started posting lists of KKK members as of a week before this article was typed. The Ku Klux Klan’s response to these lists has been a good sign for Americans. Since the publishing of the list, the number of numbers of the organization have dropped from 4 million down to 3 million. Hopefully America can pull through this struggle and end this tyranny of an organization.

the Ku Klux Klan in Washington D.C.

14

Rise and Fall of the Economy

By Allie Schmitt-Morris

The economy is buzzing with success. industries are able to manufacture and and distribute goods on a larger scale. New technology has also helped. Using the new technology like oil and electricity in manufacturing made factories more productive, and it made it easier to produce large amount of goods. New productions were possible because of the assembly line. In particular, assembly lines made it faster and easier to make cars.

Consumer credit allows people to buy cars and other expensive things that only the wealthy could buy. Consumer credit lets people pay people back over time with interest which allows people to buy more.

Advertisement makes the economy even more prosperous because it gives people jobs and makes people want to buy more stuff. The 20’s is the time of advertisements! advertisement is a salesman in print! The go-getter spirit of modernists increased the volume and variety of manufactured goods.

The stock market is a busy bustling place

Somethings aren't as good for others due to their race, origin, and or where they live (rural). Farmers are struggling financially and do not have the technology and electricity. Even though the new technology they do have allows them to grow more crops,the abundance of crops causes the price they can sell the crops to drop.

In addition, African Americans don’t have it easy either. Most live in poverty. They have a lower standard of living and fewer job opportunities.

Furthermore, the falling price of cotton doesn’t help either. Immigrants are also suffering from restrictive laws that limits the number of people from certain areas allowed to immigrate to the U. S. The American people have been generally hostile, and it is making it harder for immigrants to get jobs.

The stock market is growing because it is popular to invest. The stock market has become a veritable money making machine, but there are many people who don't know how to invest or what to invest and that has hurt them in the long run. This leads to bigger problems and ultimately the crash.

The stock market crashed because wages did not go up fast enough to cover the credit bills that everyone needed to pay off. Moreover, lots of people are cutting down on their spending.

With all the goods that could not be sold, factories reduced production and laid off many employees who then have no wages to spend.

This started the vicious cycle of the economy’s downfall.

15

THE SCOPES TRIAL: Science Vs. Religion July 21, 1925, there was a trial in Dayton, Tennessee. This big commotion was over a subject of education. If having the On idea of evolution as subject at school. The Fundamentalists (traditionalists) group, believes that evolution should not be taught in the school curriculum. Another group known as ACLU wanted to prove that the law that is against Darwinism is a rather stupid thought to begin with; this was prohibiting the teaching of evolution, and to allow teachers teach evolution in biology classes. This small act has attracted quite the crowd in this small town, reporters from all over, and even some came from overseas; over a hundred reporters coming to this one particular trial.

Traditionalist otherwise known as fundamentalist resists change of any kind and criticize all aspects of it. They have five basic points that they follow and believe. They are that the infallibility of the bible, the divinity of Christ, virgin birth of Jesus Christ, atonement of Jesus Christ for our sins, and the resurrections of Jesus Christ. Evolution went against all these beliefs and the beliefs of creationism, which means that god created the universe as, described in the bible.

While modernist allow science its place, they admit that humans wrote the bible and the scriptures can be interpreted. They think that Darwin's theory of evolution should be taught in schools. The theory of evolution means all plants and animals had evolved from a simpler form of life, the evolution of one species could take place over thousands of millions of years, and it works through the process called natural selection or “survival of the fittest.”

The scopes trial brought many new ideas to the table of legality in the courtroom, such as should the beliefs of any church dominate public education and the freedom of speech was tested in the statement made by the prosecutors “ Scope wasn’t protected by the first amendment to the US constitution. As well as could state laws override federal laws that protected individual rights. And perhaps most important, what should happen when science and religion disagree. As well as having the scopes trial introducing many revolutionary ideas to the united states it also was the biggest court case the Us had ever had before. for instance “the Scopes trial is a huge national story that is creating front page headlines day after day,” said one newspaper out of new York. Although the whole court case could have been decided in just one afternoon, this is because of the newly found information regarding the case stating that the Defendants sponsor the ACLU had encouraged scope into doing the court case even though he had not not taught evolution in the classroom The ACLU took action by offering to finance a test case to challenge the anti-evolution law. George Rappleyea, a mining engineer in Dayton, Tennessee took up the offer and convinced John Scopes, a local science teacher, to be caught teaching evolution at school. As media coverage of the trial increased both the anti-evolutionists and the pro-evolutionists brought on better and more famous lawyers to both the defence and prosecution. William Jennings Bryan, a famous politician who ran for president three times and lost each time headed the prosecution. Bryan joined the prosecution because he was a fundamentalist who believed that the Bible should be interpreted strictly. 16

THE SCOPES TRIAL: Science vs. Religion

Clarence Seward Darrow is a nationally known defence lawyer known for defending socialist Eugene V. Debs and saving two murderers from execution. Darrow joined because the defense despite the fact that he had retired from practice.

Both lawyers worked for free.

The trial took place in the heat of summer and the small town was swarmed by a horde of reporters. The defense, led by Darrow, brought in eight experts on evolution however after one of them testified the judge did not allow the others to take the stand. The judge has been accused of being biased against the defense. After Darrow had no witnesses remaining he called up Brian as an expert in the bible and Bryan accepted hoping to defeat Bryan in debate. At this point the trial was moved outside because the judge was afraid that the courthouse would collapse because of all the people who wanted to watch the trial. Over several hours of questioning Darrow questioned whether the bible should be interpreted literally and finally got Bryan to admit that maybe the world was not created in seven days. The jury quickly convicted Scopes since Darrow never argued that Scopes did not teach evolution and the judge prevented Darrow from presenting evidence that the law was unconstitutional.

Scopes was fined $100 but the ruling was later overturned by a technicality.

The Scopes Trial reflected a great clash in american society between religious, traditions, and scientific progress. The debate continues today, especially in the conflict over the teaching of evolution and the place of religion in schools.

Christian fundamentalists argue that evolution is only a theory , and it should not be prevented to students as a proven fact. They say that Creationism should be taught in schools as an alternative theory to balanced the teachings.

Creationism, however, gives only the Christian Bible version of creation, not those of other faiths. In addition, the Supreme Court has ruled that it is not the job of public schools to teach religion.

John

Scopes was a biology teacher and a part time football coach. He was found guilty of teaching evolution. That was a violation of Tennessee's law. The trial took eight days of tennessee’s summer. National newspapers covered the trial world wide. John Scopes said that he did teach evolution to his class and he would do it again. He later told the press that he skipped a chapter in the textbook that had the main focus of evolution in it.

the scopes trial in full force

17

S E O SH .95 $3

$3.95 brown and black By: Sean 18

Entertainment

The world of Entertainment is filled with many fun things such as Movies, Sports, Jazz, Dancing, and more these are the most popular. A good way to go see movies are going to the theater and have a nice time. If you want you can become a actor/actress and play a role as a cowboy, vamp, flapper, comedian, cop, robber, or swashbucklers. Some actors are receiving 32 million fan letters.

Other ways to have fun is go to sports game and you could break world records. going to a baseball game could be amazing if you see the great Babe Ruth. Many sports game you could see are Football, Baseball, Basketball, Tennis, Boxing, or Racing. A good musician is Louis Armstrong that plays Jazz music.

a local theater where there are lots of shows

19

SPORTS

When people talk about the Giants they usually say ‘Mcgraw Giants’ for the Giants manager.

Mcgraw came to the big leagues as an infielder in 1892, he was 5 feet tall and weighed approximately 155 pounds. Despite his small size, this guy wouldn’t back down from a fight.

The Olympic torch burned brightly, once more in the summer of 1920. The terrible war in europe had ended 18 months earlier now the world was returning to old value. 1916 olympic had not been held because of war.

In 1920 the New Yankees purchased Babe Ruth from the Boston Red Sox for $125,000. The deal sent shock waves through all of baseball fans and managers. Not only was that huge amount of money for one player for the Yankees the timing was perfect.

track and field in the olympics

1928 the first olympics with women gymnastics

Babe Ruth playing baseball

20

By:Sean

21

10 Questions with Babe Ruth

by Allie Schmitt-Morris

Babe Ruth while playing for the New York Yankees

Q. What is your current salary?

A.

“My current salary right now is 52,000 dollars.”

.

Q What positions do you play? a.

“well… i’m an outfielder but in my earlier years of baseball I was a pitcher.”

Q. In 1927 how many homeruns did you get that season to break the record?

A.

Q. where did you go to school as a child?

A.

Q. Where were born at?

A.

“Baltimore, Maryland.”

Q. What did your dad do for a living?

A.

“He did many things he was a lightning rod salesman, a streetcar operator, after that he became a counterman in a family owned grocery and saloon.”

Q. When did your career launch and take off?

A.

“ I was 19 when my baseball career took off. I first played in the big leagues July 11th 1914 with the Boston Red Soxs.”

“I got 60 home runs and it felt great!”

“Well I went to St. Mary’s industrial Catholic school for all boys and that is where I found my interest in baseball.”

Q. Who has been a mentor in your life?

A.

“When I was at St. Mary’s one the of the monks named Brother Matthias who became a role model in my life.”

Q. Who did you first play for in the major leagues?

A.

Played for the Baltimore Orioles and owned by Jack Dunn.

Q. How many times have you been a World Series champion?

A.

“So far 6 times it has happened in 1915, 1916,1918, 1923,1927,and most recently 1928.”

22

Bibliography Jonathan Chadwick, Bruce, and Austin Sarat. "The Scopes Trial." Infamous Trials. Philadelphia: Chelsea House, 1997. N. pag. Print.

Pietrusza, David. "Prohibition." The Roaring Twenties. San Diego, CA: Lucent, 1998. N. pag. Print.

"Prosperity." American History Online [Facts On File News Services]. N.p., 2015. Web. 16 Oct. 2015.

"A Scandalous Administration." American History Online [Facts On File News Services].

N.p., 2015. Web.

"A Trial of Science." American History Online [Facts On File News Services]. N.p., 2015.

Web. 16 Oct. 2015.

Josh Pendergast, Sara, and Tom Pendergast. Bowling, Beatniks, and Bellbottoms: Pop Culture of 20th-century America. Detroit, MI: UXL, 2002.

Print.

Streissguth, Thomas. The Roaring Twenties: An Eyewitness History. New York: Facts on File, 2001. Print.

Wikimedia. Digital image. Wikimedia. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Oct. 2015.

Woog, Adam, Michael V. Uschan, Erica Hanson, Petra Press, Stuart A. Kallen, Gini Holland, and Gail B. Stewart. A Cultural History of the United States: Through the Decades. San Diego, CA: Lucent, 1999. Print.

Allie Wukovits, John F. The 1920s. San Diego, CA: Greenhaven, 2000. Print.

"Babe Ruth Statistics and History | Baseball-Reference.com." Baseball-Reference.com. N.p., n.d.

Web. 18 Oct. 2015. <http://www.baseball-reference.com/players/r/ruthba01.shtml>.

Maya

"Babe Ruth's 60 Home Run Season (1927) by Baseball Almanac." Babe Ruth's 60 Home Run Season (1927) by Baseball Almanac. N.p., n.d. Web. 18 Oct. 2015. <http://www.

Baughman, Judith S. American Decades: 1920-1929. New York:

baseball-almanac.com/feats/feats12c.shtml>.

Baughman, Judith S. American Decades: 1920-1929. New York: Gale Research, 1996. Print.

"Biography." Babe Ruth -. N.p., n.d. Web. 18 Oct. 2015. <http://www.baberuth.com/biography/>.

Gale Research, 1996. Print.

"The Complete Maus." The Roaring Twenties : Tom Streissguth :

Chadwick, Bruce. "Infamous Trials." ISBN 13:9780791042939 ISBN 10:0791042936. N.p., n.d.

Web. 16 Oct. 2015.

Crewe, Sabrina, and Michael V. Uschan. The Scopes "Monkey" Trial. N.p.: n.p., n.d. Print.

9780816040230. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Oct. 2015.

"Http://f.tqn.com/y/history1900s/1/L/_/N/1/flappers2.jpg." N.p.,

"A Fast-changing America - By Miles Hodges." A Fast-changing America - By Miles Hodges. N. p., n.d. Web. 16 Oct. 2015.

Keil, Jennifer Gould. "Babe Ruth." New York Post. N.p., 22 Jan. 2014. Web. 18 Oct. 2015. <http:

n.d. Web. "The Twenties: An Illustrated History in Colour 1919-1929."

//nypost.com/2014/01/22/babe-ruths-summer-house-on-the-market/>.

LuĚ&#x2C6;sted, Marcia Amidon, and Jennifer K. Keller. The Roaring Twenties: Discover the Era of Prohibition, Flappers, and Jazz. N.p.: n.p., n.d. Print.

0382060946. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Oct. 2015.

U.S.A. Twenties. Danbury, CT: Grolier, 2005. N. pag. Print.

R., Amy, and Jenna D. "History of the Roaring Twenties." : Babe Ruth. N.p., 12 June 2010. Web. 18 Oct. 2015. <http://theroaringtwentieshistory.blogspot.com/2010/06/babe-ruth. html>.

"SABR." MLB's Annual Salary Leaders, 1874-2012. N.p., n.d. Web. 18 Oct. 2015. <http://sabr. org/research/mlbs-annual-salary-leaders-1874-2012>.

"Scopes Trial 1920." Scopes Trial 1920. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Oct. 2015.

Streissguth, Thomas. The Roaring Twenties: An Eyewitness History. New York: Facts on File, 2001. Print.

Yancey, Diane. Life during the Roaring Twenties. San Diego, CA: Lucent, 2002. Print

23