TIME The Coming of Jazz! Including Langston Hughes and more on our upcoming jazz music artists
The World's Most Hated President Woodrow Wilson
Exclusive Interview with
Babe Ruth! Harlem Renaissance Their writers, their music, their traditions.
“Never let the fear of striking out get in your way� -Babe Ruth
Table of contents ❏ Harlem Renaissance
2
All about; sports, influence, and entertainment! ❏ Babe Ruth Interview with Ryan Cooper ❏
4
All about; economy, world, sports and entertainment! ❏ Letter from the editor
7
All about the editors perspective ❏ Briefing
❏ Main Articles ❏ Letter To Editor ❏ Bibliography
8 9 14 22 1
Death, World Of 1920's And Taxes: What Our World Is Up To American Isolationism
War Debts and Their Impacts
Now that the american isolationism started it is almost impossible to avoid playing a role in foreign affairs. The Congress ratified the Versailles Peace Treaty in 1919. It was the very first sign of isolationism. Many Americans are being encouraged to stay out of isolationism. Especially during our fragile post-war world.
Soon the war came and Russia owed us greater sums. With the Versaille Treaty it effectively imposed the entire cost of our war on Germany in the form of respirations to the Allies.The Allies powers is enable to pay off those war debts.
Versaille Treaty This treaty is planned to end the state of war between Germany and the Allied Powers. It will become effective on January 10th, 1920, soon this year. It will be signed in Versailles, near Paris.
(This was a propaganda poster that encourages many Americans to stay out of isolationism during the war.)
A Punitive Tariff The Punitive Tariff was an extra tax charged on goods going in or out of the United States. Especially on luxurious cars. As of September of 1922 it was the highest in U.S. history. For the Europeans it's a major disaster. It produced at huge budgetary surplus.
2
Baby Ruth bars ONLY 5 cents!
3
Babe Ruth Interview
Ryan: As a professional baseball player, did the 18th amendment effect you very much? Babe: It did not affect me, since I was able to go to speakeasies and get alcohol very easily. Ryan: Did it ever worry you thinking about being drafted into the military? Babe: I was, but I thought that the worse thing is that I get drafted , fight for my country, come back and play the sport I love Ryan: What do you consider your best year? Babe: 1927, the year I hit 60 homers. They didn't think I could break my own record, but I showed them.
Ryan:
4
Interview‌.. Continued
Ryan: Any thoughts on the whole steroid era? Babe: The players who did it in my opinion should have been kicked out of baseball due to the cheatin and effects. Ryan: Were you ever offered PED’s? Babe: I was, but I never took them, nor did I ever want to take them. Ryan: If you could change one part of your game, what would it be? Babe: I would have switched from pitcher to hitter earlier in my career. Ryan: What is your pre-game routine? Babe: I have a half dozen hot dogs with onion and mustard! Ryan: If you could be on any team in the MLB, what team would it be? Babe: I would never switch teams, I love the Yankees and always will. This was an amazing article, getting to interview the greatest baseball player in the world is a privilege. This was a one in a lifetime opportunity, Thank You babe. Sincerely, Ryan Cooper
5
Harlem Renaissance Our Writers James Weldon is an American author. After he returned from Nicaragua to New York he became increasingly involved in the Harlem Renaissance. He writes his own poetry and writings as well as supporting others. He is a leading voice of the Harlem Renaissance. Another writer is Jean Toomer. He is an American novelist and poet. He is a very important role in the Harlem Renaissance and modernism. Langston Hughes is an American poet, social activist, novelist, and playwright. Born in 1902 on February 1st. He is an inventor of jazz poetry.
Jean Toomer Langston Hughes James Weldon 6
Briefing Babe Ruth gives amazing quotes that inspire us. “You just can’t beat a person that NEVER gives up.” -Babe Ruth
Famous Quotes If you have to ask what jazz is you’ll never know -Louis Armstrong
There are 106.5 million people in the currently in United States.
The Current unemployment rate is
5.2%
7
8
The Harlem Renaissance by Nikita, Susanna, Gabe, Keshawn, Lauren and Ryan The Harlem Renaissance marks an important change in our times. New music, new literature, new artists and most importantly a new attitude. New ideals are being introduced to us everyday and New York is changing for the better. The Renaissance is taking place now in the 1920’s. Pop culture, high art particularly literature, are reflecting new confidence, and racial pride. Filled with young people and entertainment mixed with artistic achievements. Some call the Renaissance a failure but it sure seems like a success. The 1920’s are a prosperous time. Poets, authors, rhythms, and music echoed Harlem. Langston Hughes is one of the most famous african american writers ever. He had a lot to do with the Renaissance. Hughes writes fiction and drama stories, but he was best known for his poems. His most famous poem is “The Negro Speaks of Rivers” Another famous writer is Cullen. Cullen is one of the most popular and known for his poetry, social marginality, race, religious hypocrisy, and homosexuality. McKay always seems to be second to hughes influencing the renaissance. He was incredibly famous just for how he wrote about and how he portrayed blacks. Toomer is not as influential, but he is a creative force. He writes about the renaissance and is considered to have written the first novel on the renaissance. Spirit Behind Literature. Bontemps was emerging in the 1920’ s but did not start to be known for his novels until the 1930’s.
Female authors in the 1920’s were recently rediscovered. Faust is the editor of the famous book The Crisis which was the journal of the NAACP. Thurman is influential in his promotion of black artists and is perhaps best remembered as the Spirit Behind Literature. The period from the end of the First World War until the start of the Depression in 1929 is known as the "Jazz Age". Jazz has become popular music in America, although older generations considered the music immoral and threatening to old cultural values. Dances such as the Charleston and the Black Bottom were very popular during the period, and jazz bands typically consisted of seven to twelve musicians. Important orchestras in New York were led by Fletcher Henderson, Paul Whiteman and Duke Ellington. Many New Orleans jazzmen are moving to Chicago during the late 1910s in search of employment; among others, the New Orleans Rhythm Kings, King Oliver's Creole Jazz Band and Jelly Roll Morton recorded in the city. However, Chicago's importance as a center of jazz music started to diminish toward the end of the 1920s in favor of New York. People are always saying that Louis Armstrong is the best musician out there and nobody could ever play the trumpet like he does! Whiteman is the most influential figure in making jaz respectable by moving it. The famous Jelly Roll Morton ( Ferdinand La Menthe ) claims he “ Invented Jazz.”
9
The Harlem Renaissance by Nikita, Susanna, Gabe, Keshawn, Lauren and Ryan Coal industry- The coal industry is having huge effect on the economy this year.. Coal is needed in the steel and iron plants, which are other large industries. Coal supplies 90% of america's energy, Therefore, many people need it, and with all the needing of coal, it is supplying many people with jobs in America. There are thousands of new jobs this year than there were in previous years. Automobiles- in 1920, there were 2.3 million cars sold, and with that many cars selling, there is a lot of money. Cars run on oil, and to get oil you need a lot of people, so with the rapid car production, many more jobs are arising. By building and selling cars, it makes the economy much stronger, we are able to make a lot of money and produce a lot of jobs. in the recent years the car production went from 8 million to 23 million which almost triples the amount of money in the United States. With more people buying cars, more dealerships and builders were needed, therefore there are a lot more jobs!
Credit is a new system of paying for things you buy, with credit you could buy now and pay later. You are able to buy anything and pay later, including stocks, which you make money off of. 60% of cars bought were bought off credit. Prior to the 1920’s if you did not have the money to pay, you were unable to get what you wanted. The Harlem Renaissance is obviously providing a lot of new ideals to the ever growing America. We do things now every day that we never would’ve even thought about doing five years ago
Ford was the first major car company, the company produced 60% of the cars in the United States. Ford needed more factories, which means more jobs. It was fairly cheap to make cars, and it only took 12 hours, which means Ford could sell them for a lot more than what they costed to make. That means that Ford would get more money, and more factories! By the time the 1930’s come, I believe that , most people living in a city will have a car
10
11
Society In The 1920’s Nikita Bailey
Society has simply gone crazy! What with all these laws about immigration, and semitism. The KKK are terrorizing the nation and all this tension, and racism is destroying any sense of peace. All of our immigration standards have been tampered with. Why restrict the immigrants so much? All people deserve to have a home. A large majority of our foreigners are getting persecuted, simply for not being the same as everyone else. AngloSaxon protestants are involved in many problems as well. The United States is getting more diverse, but it appears that plenty of people are not on board with that. Neighborhoods are naturally segregating themselves. There is a very large population of Puerto Ricans in East Harlem, that neighborhood is now nicknamed “El Barrio”. 30,000 West Indians now live in close proximity in Harlem, NYC. We are populated with many Italians, Slovaks, Russians, Poles, and Armenians. You can tell that racial groups often get grouped together, instead of all of us mixing together. Radicals and foreigners are being punished. Suspicion of others is constantly present. The laws of immigration are very strict. Recently, two innocent Italians, Sacco and Vanzetti, were sentenced to death on merely unproven suspicion of a murder that they did not commit.
As Americans we tend to think highly of ourselves
Anti-Semitism is very common as well, the Jewish are being very mistreated these days. The amounts of Jews accepted into colleges and jobs are almost always limited. Jewish kids are getting bullied and beat up at school, and Henry Ford even had the audacity to blame Jews for all of the nation’s problems. Many landlords even refused to rent out rooms to Jewish folks. That’s flat out discrimination. Another main cause of tension is some drama with the Bolsheviks. They have been mailing bombs into some important people’s houses, yet no one knows who is causing this. Apparently the Bolsheviks aren’ t familiar with the American Postal System because roughly sixteen of their bombs never made it to their targets; they didn’t put enough postage on the packages! Most other discrimination was directed towards blacks and former slaves. The main contenders of this problem are the members of the Ku Klux Klan. Right now they are at the height of power, with almost 4,000,000 members. They all have irrational fears of almost all non-white people and they way they think to deal with that is to abuse and lynch blacks and others.
12
Letter from the Editor This issue of our magazine is a very special one! We are covering some of the most important topics regarding our world today. We focus on the influence that The Harlem Renaissance has had on America. What with all the new inventions and ideas that have been presented our country is changing and people need to keep up with the times.
We also have some interesting but a few conflicting opinions in our letters that were written to the editor. Our other articles besides the feature about the Harlem Renaissance covers sports, world events, society etc. Read on to find out!
13
Buy a new radio today, be the first family to own one in you neighborhood!
14
Letter to the Editor Dear Editor,
Dear Editor,
I strongly agree with you about the youth cluster. Nowadays the youth culture is trying to restore the old morality in number of ways. Some states are trying to instigate more conservative behavior. They pass laws right now to discourage women from wearing short skirts and skimpy swimsuits. Also from cutting the hair to short usually what flappers wear, however, us members of the older generation restricted itself, expressing loud disapproval. The flappers are crazy, cutting hair, wearing short skirts. Let's talk about flappers and their fashion; during the decade, fashion is an increasingly important symbol of a person's social life.The biggest thing that was crazy is that they cut their hair which is weird. Also, the young women wearing strange clothes. That's one of the reason why the youth have lost it. The youth before and after the war, what was the right thing to do and what wasn't the right thing to do. Usually when boys like a girl they have to meet their parents but now they usually they just don't care the girl will go to their house so the boy wouldn't have to meet their parents. Some places they usually go for dinner concert shows but with a chaperone. Now they go without permission and sneak out without their parents knowing. Sometimes the girls wouldn’t even tell their parents that they were dating.
I read your article on the 18th amendment, and I have to disagree with it. Having Prohibition does not necessarily prohibit the use of alcohol, all it does is help to create organized gang. All of the organized gangs are pointless when you think that all we have to do, is be able to drink alcohol legally. While we are using the 18th amendment, many mobs are breaking out just to have alcohol. Many monopolies are exerting themselves just for alcohol, and there were many gangs killing people for alcohol. Johnny Torrio is now a gang leader in chicago and killed many just for the consumption of alcohol. Some people were able to use political power just to get alcohol. Whenever a saloon closed, a half dozen speakeasies spring up. Once speakeasies opened, it took a lot of money to protect them, so the police are not able to shut them down. Speakeasies make so much money that it is too hard to even try to shut them down. One man, Texas Guinan made over 700,000 dollars in six months of owning a speakise. Overall, with, or without the 18th amendment, people drank, and drank a lot. The only difference was that with the amendment, there were a lot more gangs and deaths in the U.S. therefore I disagree with your perspective on the 18th amendment.
Sincerely, Rya
Sincerely, n Cooper Keshawn Shaw
15
Letter to the Editor Dear Editor,
Dear Editor,
I strongly disagreed with most of the points you made in the article about urban living. Rapid urbanization has had many effects on our citizens, and frankly more bad than good. All rural living is affected, especially our farmers. We make much less money than they had originally been making, before all the urban factories started mass producing low quality “food”. Sometimes farmers can only afford to eat what they could grow or make themselves and that leads to malnutrition, which, in severe cases, can lead to death. The products produced in rural settings are inarguably better, our food is organic, and made with care, and most importantly made in safe, sanitary environments. No rat parts in our food! Everything is ab-so-lute-ly copacetic. The claims that your urban food is better is just absolute baloney! Rural settings are clean and open, we get to breathe fresh air. Much better than living in crowded, dirty tenements, with gross, trash filled streets. Our way of living is better. For us and for the environment, our farmland is reusable so we never have to expand much and we don’t waste resources building more unnecessary structures and streets. Farming never pollutes and we don’t want our land to be taken away. We don’t want our farms to be high-hatted and put to a disgraceful use. Rural living is on the up and up, whereas urban is quite the opposite. Everyone needs to stop wasting time, resources, workers, and land. Just accept the rural way of living and everything will be the bee’s knees!
I loved, absolutely loved your letter about how the Wets need to stop drinking if we want to have a better life in the United States. I agree with you all the way. When people like our hubby’s go out and get drunk all the time. They come home to the kids and tell us to beat it or they will beat them. That should not be happening at all. We need to be a happy family and not have any beef between each other. That is not what a family is all about, we are supposed to stick up for each other when that bimbo comes around and messes with our little bro or sis. I do not want to keep finding dead soldiers all around my house when I have a little girl just learning how to walk. My hubby and I want to have enough dough to send our little girl to college one day or be able to have a great lifestyle when she grows up into a beautiful women. For these reasons I agree with you one hundred percent of the way. WE ( the drys ) need to start to do something. If the people in the hood are starting to get more defensive with the liquor and then the cops are not doing anything about it, something needs to be done. It is not right at all if the police are starting to help the gangs and speakeasy’s sneak in liquor so they can have some of it before they go home. I hope we get this all figured out soon and stop this!
From a sincere farmer.
Sincerely, Lauren Zacharias
16
17
The Present Youth Culture by Susanna Rekward
Right now there are new things being introduced. We now have Flapper Girls. These girls wear short dresses that reveal more skin. They are becoming what they call more independent by smoking in places that usually don’t allow smoking and act differently than the traditional women. They stay out later than usual and drank and partied whenever they please. We have different cars. Bigger and newer. Which means that our transportation will get better by the day with our new technology. Clothing and fashion is the main attraction. Right now, many people are focusing on education. The increases in government and public schools funding is making it better for us to have a solid education.
Our automobiles are the most luxurious of all. Even our music changed. 70% of our radio stations now have tons of music. Over 2.5 million Americans listen to the music that's being played. Many wives that husbands went to war are forced to get jobs to help send food over to the soldiers. It takes a lot of time and a lot of work. Even now after the war the women still don't want to quit their jobs.
18
Entertainment Today By Gabe Film History
Rise of American Film
Two major parts of our modern history is from film. The Industrial Era has made changes to movie making by adding color and sound.The public became the critics of movies, they like it or they reject it.
WW1 is having a bad impact on European movie producers which is giving us American producers a chance to catch up in the movie making business. D.W. Griffith is a famous movie producer who has made two masterpieces.
D.W. Griffith Jazz Since WW1 Jazz has become very popular. Louis armstrong is one of Jazz’s most inventive cornetists. Louis Armstrong stayed in New York, NY but soon went back to Chicago, IL. When he went back to Chicago Louis made recordings and make Jazz even more popular.
One film is called Intolerance this film was made in 1916. His other masterpiece is The Birth of a Nation it is made in 1983.
Intolerance
The Birth of a Nation
Louis Armstrong
19
20
Sports by Keshawn Shaw
Sports history about athletes In the 1920’s Ruth became one of the greatest athletes in a team sport. Babe Ruth almost single handedly saved baseball from a scandal. Babe Ruth fought in the U.S. army but not that long. Before 1926 politicians, journalist, and writers, were anglais celebrities.
js c
The manager of the new york yankees manager connie mack. connie mack is the manager of the Philadelphia's he lead the team with the lowest Era. So dominant is Nick team. Mack is making a risky move in the world sires and put in his seventh best pitcher in. It’s the biggest game yet Philadelphia’s and the Cubs led 8-0 entering bottom of the society. Today on july 25, the home grays of the negro national team also called the NNL. Josh Gibson was 18 Legends in the state known to replace Ewing. He is a hard hitting catcher. Gibson is going to be asked tomorrow to play in the semi pro league and maybe be signed with the Giants. Gibson is now the best hitter in the Negro League can he keep his reputations yes or no we will never know..
Babe Ruth getting ready to bat!! Rigels is a football player for the university of california. He plays center for them. He scored first touchdown but for the wrong team. He fumbled toward the end zone that he was heading into sports immortality. Rigels is one of the best players on the team. Rigels was very sad he sat down on the bench and cried all day long. he scored a 2 point touch down for the other team
21
Bibliography Nikita Bailey
Ryan Cooper
"The 1920s by Hanson, Erica." BetterWorldBooks.com. N.p., n.d. Web. 20 Oct. 2015. Hart, Diane, and Bert Bower. History Alive!: Pursuing American Ideals. Rancho Cordova, CA: Teachers' Curriculum Institute, 2013. Print. "The Roaring Twenties (World History)." PaperBackSwap.com. N.p., n.d. Web. 20 Oct. 2015. Unstead, R. J. The Twenties: An Illustrated History in Colour, 1919-1929. London: Macdonald Educational, 1986. Print.
Baughman, Judith S. American Decades: 1920-1929. New York: Gale Research, 1996. Print. Giovanni, Nikki. Harlem Stamp. N.p.: n. p., n.d. Print. U.S.A. 1920s. Danbury, CT: Grolier, 2005. Print. Unstead, R. J. The Twenties: An Illustrated History in Colour, 19191929. London: Macdonald Educational, 1986. Print
Lauren Zacharias Hill, Laban Carrick. Harlem Stomp!: A Cultural History of the Harlem Renaissance. New York: Little, Brown, 2003. Print. Pendergast, Sara, and Tom Pendergast. Bowling, Beatniks, and Bell-bottoms: Pop Culture of 20th-century America. Detroit, MI: UXL, 2002. Print. Pendergast, Tom, and Sara Pendergast. American Decades. Detroit, MI: UXL, 2003. Print. Trespacz, Karen L. The Trial of Gangster Al Capone: A Headline Court Case. Berkeley Heights, NJ: Enslow, 2001. Print. U.S.A. Twenties. Danbury, CT: Grolier, 2005. Print. Woog, Adam, Michael V. Uschan, Erica Hanson, Petra Press, Stuart A. Kallen, Gini Holland, and Gail B. Stewart. A Cultural History of the United States: Through the Decades. San Diego, CA: Lucent, 1999. Print.
.PBS. PBS, n.d. Web. 20 Oct. 2015. "American Economy in the 1920's." Study.com. N.p., n.d. Web. 20 Oct. 2015. Gabe Alvarado Ellis, Jack C. A History of Film. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: PrenticeHall, 1979. Print. "Gillette Razor Ad Baby Shaving Comic C1910 Postcard." - Delcampe.net. N.p., n.d. Web. 20 Oct. 2015. "Old newyork." Old New York. N.p., n.d. Web. 20 Oct. 2015. Pendergast, Tom, and Sara Pendergast. American Decades. Detroit, MI: UXL, 2003. Print. "Radio Advertisements of the 1920s." Roads Virginia Edu. Chicago Radio Show, n.d. Web. 20 Oct. 2015.
22
Bibliography continued‌
Keshawn T. Shaw "1920s Listerine Advertisement." Http: //bss.sfsu.edu/. San Franisico State University, 8 Nov. 2012. Web. 20 Oct. 2015. Buckley, James. Sports in America. New York, NY: Facts On File, 2004. Print. Gaines, Ann. The Harlem Renaissance in American History. Berkeley Heights, NJ: Enslow, 2002. Print. "History For Hire Graphics - Alcohol Page 1." History For Hire Graphics - Alcohol Page 1. N.p., n.d. Web. 20 Oct. 2015. Oncey, Dlane Y. The Roaring Twenties. N.p.: n.p., n.d. Print. U.S.A. 1920s. Danbury, CT: Grolier, 2005. Print. "Wallpapers for Life." Babe Ruth. N.p., n. d. Web. 20 Oct. 2015.
Susanna Rekward "What+people+said+about+woodr ow+wilson - Google Search." What+people+said+about+woodrow+wils on - Google Search. N.p., n.d. Web. 20 Oct. 2015. "1920s President." 1920+president - Google Search. N.p., n. d. Web. 20 Oct. 2015. SparkNotes. SparkNotes, n.d. Web. 20 Oct. 2015. "Flappers." Ushistory.org. Independence Hall Association, n.d. Web. 20 Oct. 2015. "10 World-Shaping Events That Happened in 1920." Mental Floss. David W. Brown, n.d. Web. 20 Oct. 2015.