Asia-Pacific Telecommunications in Facts and Figures
Michael Minges
Pan-Asian Telecommunications Summit ‘93
Pan-Asian Telecommunications Summit, Bangkok, 7-9 December 1993
Asia-Pacific in the World 1991 World population
World telephone lines
AsiaPacific AsiaPacific
Source: ITU, UN.
Pan-Asian Telecommunications Summit, Bangkok, 7-9 December 1993
Regional telecoms growth Telephone lines Average annual growth % 1983-92
Source: ITU.
Pan-Asian Telecommunications Summit, Bangkok, 7-9 December 1993
Disparities in Telecom Development Population distribution High-income
Telephone line distribution
OECD OECD
Lowincome
Lowincome
High-income Note: OECD = Australia, Japan and New Zealand Upper Income = Brunei, French Polynesia, Guam, Hongkong South Korea, Macau, New Caledonia, Singapore and Taiwan Low income = 26 other countries. Source: ITU.
Pan-Asian Telecommunications Summit, Bangkok, 7-9 December 1993
Teledensity “Main telephone lines per 100 people�
Asia-Pacific, 1992
Note: Each bar represents one country. Source: ITU.
Pan-Asian Telecommunications Summit, Bangkok, 7-9 December 1993
Lorenz Curve
Source: ITU, UN.
Pan-Asian Telecommunications Summit, Bangkok, 7-9 December 1993
Telecom & economic development 1991
Better off telecom-wise than expected Region average Worse off telecom-wise than expected
Source: ITU, World Bank.
Pan-Asian Telecommunications Summit, Bangkok, 7-9 December 1993
Money doesn’t explain everything Better off telecom-wise than expected
Difference between actual and expected Teledensity Worse off telecom-wise than expected Source: ITU.
Pan-Asian Telecommunications Summit, Bangkok, 7-9 December 1993
The telecom underdeveloped Economies with teledensity of less than one, 1992 Country
Population (M) 9.1
Main lines (k) 5.0
Teledensity 0.06
1
Cambodia*
2
Afghanistan*
19.1
29.0
0.15
3
Lao P.D.R.*
4.5
6.8
0.15
4
Myanmar *
43.7
80.0
0.18
5
Bhutan *
1.6
3.0
0.18
6
Bangladesh*
119.3
256.3
0.21
7
Viet Nam
69.5
200.0
0.29
8
Nepal*
20.6
68.9
0.33
9
Sri Lanka
17.4
130.0
0.75
10
India
879.6
6'796.7
0.77
11
Indonesia
191.2
1'500.0
0.78
12
Papua New Guinea
4.1
36.5
0.90
13
China
1'175.7
11'469.1
0.98
TOTAL / AVERAGE
2'555.1
20'581.3
0.81
Note: * Classified by United Nations as Least Developed Country. Source: ITU, UN.
Pan-Asian Telecommunications Summit, Bangkok, 7-9 December 1993
From 1 to 40 in thirty years
Teledensity 1983 - 1992
83
Source: ITU.
92
83
92 83
92
Pan-Asian Telecommunications Summit, Bangkok, 7-9 December 1993
Convergence Teledensity transition from 10 to 30
Source: ITU.
Pan-Asian Telecommunications Summit, Bangkok, 7-9 December 1993
Convergence II
Source: ITU.
Pan-Asian Telecommunications Summit, Bangkok, 7-9 December 1993
Digitization
% of main lines connected to digital exchanges 1992
Source: ITU.
Pan-Asian Telecommunications Summit, Bangkok, 7-9 December 1993
Mobile
Cellular subscribers per 100 inhabitants Top 16 countries, 1992
Note: Nordic - Sweden, Finland, Norway, Iceland and Denmark. Not including countries with population less than 100,000. Source: ITU.
Pan-Asian Telecommunications Summit, Bangkok, 7-9 December 1993
Mobile II
Cellular subscribers as a % of total telephone subscribers 1992
Source: ITU.
Pan-Asian Telecommunications Summit, Bangkok, 7-9 December 1993
Telecom service revenue Constant prices
Source: ITU.
Pan-Asian Telecommunications Summit, Bangkok, 7-9 December 1993
Market share
Taiwan
Others
China Korea
Telecom service revenue Total 1992: US$ 93 B
Australia Japan
Source: ITU.
Pan-Asian Telecommunications Summit, Bangkok, 7-9 December 1993
Capital expenditure Constant prices
Source: ITU.
Pan-Asian Telecommunications Summit, Bangkok, 7-9 December 1993
Investment shares
Australia
Others
Taiwan China
Korea
Source: ITU.
Telecom capital expenditure Total 1992: 36 B US$ Japan
Pan-Asian Telecommunications Summit, Bangkok, 7-9 December 1993
Traffic Outgoing international telephone traffic Asia Pacific region Billion minutes
Source: ITU.
Pan-Asian Telecommunications Summit, Bangkok, 7-9 December 1993
Direction of traffic
Europe Other Destination of Asia-Pacific Traffic 1991 Total: 5 B Minutes
USA AsiaPacific
Source: ITU.
Pan-Asian Telecommunications Summit, Bangkok, 7-9 December 1993
Telecom equipment exports USA Telecom equipment imports M US$ 1992
Note: Black bars are Asia-Pacific countries. Source: US Department of Commerce.
Pan-Asian Telecommunications Summit, Bangkok, 7-9 December 1993
Telecom equipment exports II USA Telecom equipment imports M US$ 1989-92
Source: US Department of Commerce.
Pan-Asian Telecommunications Summit, Bangkok, 7-9 December 1993
Top operators
World Rank 49 46 45 40 38 36 31 27 26 22 18 1
Source: ITU.
Asia-Pacific Telecom Operators 1992 Revenue > US$ 1 Billion
Pan-Asian Telecommunications Summit, Bangkok, 7-9 December 1993
Productivity comparison 1991
Category Main lines per employee Revenue per employee Revenue per main line
Source: ITU.
Average Top country 70 South Korea - 251 US$ 52’000 Japan - US$ 185’000 US$ 742 Singapore - US$ 1’204
Pan-Asian Telecommunications Summit, Bangkok, 7-9 December 1993
Future • “Reaching the consumer is going to be hard, because the roads, airports, ports and telephone lines ... needed to support the next burst of industrial growth and consumer spending are not there. The process of building them should provide the second great Asian business opportunity of the next few years.” • A billion consumers, Survey of Asia. THE ECONOMIST. October 30th 1993.
Pan-Asian Telecommunications Summit, Bangkok, 7-9 December 1993
Future II • “Asia is going to be installing the equivalent of Japan’s entire present switching capacity and of two-fifths of America’s. China will be adding as many lines as America does in these years, and India more than Japan does. As a whole Asia’s purchases should equal those of the OECD excluding Germany.” • A billion consumers, Survey of Asia. THE ECONOMIST. October 30th 1993.
Pan-Asian Telecommunications Summit, Bangkok, 7-9 December 1993
Projection
Projection for 27 lower income Asia-Pacific countries Teledensity 1992
1.06
Teledensity forecast 2000
2.72
Investment forecast (1993-2000)
US$ 95 B
Lines to add (1993-2000)
65M
Annual growth rate
15%
Source: ITU.
Pan-Asian Telecommunications Summit, Bangkok, 7-9 December 1993
Prospects • Ingredients for telecom growth o o o o
Economic growth Adaptation to technology Liberalization Government commitment
Pan-Asian Telecommunications Summit, Bangkok, 7-9 December 1993
CIS
Population (M)
TeleDensity (p. 100)
Country Kazakhstan
17.0
1.93
11.33
Kyrgyzstan
4.5
.34
7.58
Tajikistan
5.5
.27
4.87
Turkmenistan
3.8
.25
6.55
21.5
1.44
6.70
Uzbekistan
Source: ITU.
Main lines (M)
Pan-Asian Telecommunications Summit, Bangkok, 7-9 December 1993
Restructuring trends 1985 1990 1990 1990 1990 1993 1995
Japan Introduces competition; partly privatizes NTT Malaysia Partly privatizes Telekom Malaysia New Zealand Privatizes Telecom New Zealand Clear licensed as second operator Australia Optus licensed as second operator Australia Telecom & OTC merge (Telstra) Korea Dacom licensed Korea Telecom partly privatized (93) Singapore Singapore Telecom partly privatized Hongkong Local service competition with 3 additional operators
Pan-Asian Telecommunications Summit, Bangkok, 7-9 December 1993
Food for thought Fastest growing telecom networks 1991-1992
Note: Not including countries with population less than a million or less than 100’000 lines added. Source: ITU.