The State of Latin American Information Society Indicators Michael.Minges@itu.int International Telecommunication Union
International Telecommunication Union • • • • •
United Nations specialized agency for telecommunications Oldest inter-governmental organization Global organization with broad membership Mandate includes promoting the development of ICT sector worldwide Main inter-governmental agency collecting ICT infrastructure and user statistics for all countries and regions
www.itu.int/ti
The importance of Information Society indicators • Need up-to-date, relevant and comparable statistics to monitor and analyze Information Society developments • Indicators should be readily available so that more time can be spent on analysis • Although many indicators are useful, this presentation focuses on access to Information & Communication Technology (ICT)
Sources of Information Society indicators • • • •
Telecom regulators National statistical offices Telecom operators Market research firms
Classifying Information Society indicators National
Household
Radio
Sets
Radio
Television
Sets
Television
Community
(regular, pay)
Fixed telephone
Lines in service Fixed only
Localities with service
Mobile telephone
Subscribers
Mobile only
Population coverage
Total telephone
Fixed+Mobile
Fixed or mobile
Personal computer
Total
PC
Internet
Subscribers Users
Home Internet access (connection type)
Number of / Localities with public access
Problems with Latin American ICT statistics • Hard to find – In many cases, not readily available
• Non-existent – Few countries have carried out detailed ICT surveys
• Reliability – Particularly for PCs and Internet users
Regulatory agencies: South America Availability of telecom/ICT indicators Country
Regulator
Argentina
Secom
Web site
secom.psi.gov.ar/municipios/ver.asp?MID=10&tipo= nota&id=141
Bolivia
Sittel
www.sittel.gov.bo/sittel/sercon.nsf/($All)?OpenView
Brazil
Anatel
www.anatel.gov.br/indicadores/default.asp
Chile
Subtel
www.subtel.cl/servlet/page?
Colombia
CRT
www.crt.gov.co/paginas/internas/infsector/ppal.htm
Ecuador
Supertel
www.supertel.gov.ec/ecuador/ecuador2.htm
Paraguay
Conatel
www.conatel.gov.py/indicadores.htm
Peru
Osiptel
www.osiptel.gob.pe/Index.ASP?T=P&P=2635
Uruguay*
Ursec
www.ursec.gub.uy/home.htm
Venezuela
Conatel
www.conatel.gov.ve/ns/index.htm
_pageid=58&_dad=portal30&_schema=PORTAL30
* No ICT indicators available on web site.
Regulatory agencies: Central America Availability of telecom/ICT indicators Country
Regulator
Web site
Costa Rica*
ARESP
www.aresep.go.cr
El Salvador
SIGET
http://www.siget.gob.sv/Resumen%20Manual
%20de%20Indicadores %201998%201999%202000%202001%202002. htm
Guatemala
SIT
www.sit.gob.gt/ger_regula_06.htm
Honduras
Conatel
www.conatel.hn/EstadoTelcoms/estado_telecoms
Nicaragua
Telcor
www.telcor.gob.ni/Estadisticas.asp
Mexico
CFT
http://
Panama
_hond_2000.htm
www.cft.gob.mx/frame_economico_estadisticas.html
Ente www.enteregulador.gob.pa/estadisticas.asp regulador * No ICT indicators available on web site.
General ICT indicators Latin America Profile, 2001 Radio 215 million sets 44 per 100 people Television 139 million sets 29 per 100 people Newspaper 35 million in circulation 7 per 100 people
Internet 26 million users 5 per 100 people
Millennium Development Goals Goal 8: Build a global partnership for development… includes ICT indicators: • Telephone lines and cellular subscribers per 100 people • Personal computers in use per 100 people • Internet users per 100 people
1996 2001 CAGR
33.4
24%
73%
20%
11.4 6.0 2.4
Main lines
PCs
Latin America Per 100 inhabitants
5.1 0.3
Internet
Internet users: Where do the data come from? • In majority of countries, regulators offer a figure for users usually based on number of subscribers • In Uruguay, the telecom operator provides a figure • Only Chile & Paraguay seem to have carried out nationwide survey by NSO • Market researchers – Nielsen//NetRatings • Very misleading (only home access)
– Local consultancies • Only Argentina, Brazil, Mexico • Argentina, Mexico, Peru • Sometimes not nationwide
Peru
12
Chile
4.6
Ecuador Bolivia C.Rica Venezuela Colombia Argentina L.America
Ratio: Internet users ÷ Internet subscribers 2001
Brazil Mexico Panama Honduras Paraguay 0
1
2
3
4
5
Source: ITU adapted from national data.
Universal service versus universal access 100 Universal access
90
Universal service
80
R2 = 0.7
70 60 50 40 30 01 r ep s e nohpel e T
20 10
Community indicators
0 $0
$2'000
$4'000
$6'000
Household indicators $8'000 $10'000 $12'000 $14'000
Per capita income, PPP$, 2000
ICT in households 2001 100 90 80
Telephone PC Internet
70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 Mexico
Chile
Brazil
Argentina Portugal
Spain
USA
Canada
Uruguay: Encuesta Continua de Hogares 10 Este hogar ¿cuenta con: SI NO Calefón o termofón ............................................. Calentador instantáneo de agua ........................ Refrigerador ....................................................... T. V. Color .......................................................... Conexión a T. V. por abonados (cable o similar) Videocasetero .................................................... Lavarropa ........................................................... Lavavajilla ........................................................... Horno microondas .............................................. Microcomputadora .............................................. Conexión a Internet ............................................ Automóvil o camioneta para uso particular del hogar ............................................. Teléfono ..............................................................
www.ine.gub.uy
93.0 95.1
Televisor color
90.7
Conexión a TV para abonados Microcomputadora Conexión a Internet
48.6 45.8
51.6
17.4 24.7
9.5
13.0 18.9
6.6
Teléfono Total
Montevideo
73.4 85.1
60.0
Interior urbano
Source: ITU adapted from INE, ECH 2001
Peru stands out 100
Chile Uruguay C.Rica Argentina Peru L.America
11.9 L. America 9.3 Top 5 by 9.1 Internet users per 7.7 100 people 5.1 2001
10
Peru
5 0 0 Source: ITU.
5'000
80
74.3
70 60 50 40
<-Internet Users per 100, 2001
15
90
Peru: Household equipment / services, %, 2000
R2 = 0.59
Per capita income, US$ 2000 10'000
15'000
30
23.8
20 10
5.0
0 Electricity Telephone
PC
Source: ITU adapted from INEI.
0.4
Internet
Community access • Most Peruvians access the Internet from cybercafes “cabinas publicas” • Some 1’740 cabinas in the country
Other
Home
Peru 6% Location of Internet use October 2001 11%
School
17%
Work
18%
Cabina pública
83%
Accessibility indicators Mobile population coverage, 2001 Mexico E.Salvador Honduras Panama C.America Guatemala Nicaragua C. Rica ???
90 85 83 77 76 76 56
25â&#x20AC;&#x2122;368 have telephone service
61%
14%
% of population
2'528
513
Semi-Urban
Urban
25%
Rural
Source: INEGI, Telmex.
% households with Distance from telephone service telephone Both 25%
Mexico localities, 2000 196'328
Telephone access in Chile, 2000
Mobile None 15% 32% Fixed 28%
< 28 blocks 27%
> 28 blocks 2% No access 3%
Source: ITU adapted from Subtel.
Good reports
Suggestions • Telecom regulators should improve collection and dissemination of statistics including detailed statistical reports • National statistical offices need to carry out household ICT surveys including individual access to the Internet* • Government agency responsible for ICT should make indicators readily available and easy to find on a web site • Improved dialogue between regulators, national statistical offices and international agencies to enhance comparability * For the scope of this presentation. However business, education and government ICT surveys are also needed to measure impact in those sectors.