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Corporal Anthony ,
Mazzolla .
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Here's the message from a • brother on the fighting front to his brother on the productiQn. front •
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FOR three
years Tony Mazzolla worked in the mines of Butte, But on July 14, 1941, Tony was drafted, so he had to leave the St. Lawrence mine and report to Uncfe Sam. He's with the Engineers' Division and now he's building bridges, air landings, and doing all kinds of construction work-except when the Japs appearon the scene and the boys call a halt to construction work and take care of the Japs.
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Tony was with the first Company to set foot in Australia after Pearl Harbor. That was in January, 1942. For seven months he helped Uncle Sam in Australia and then he' was sent on to New Guinea. Twenty-two months he has spent fighting the Japs. Nobody can fool Tony about their treachery. He knows, for he's learned the hard way. He knows that the Japs are not afraid to expend their equipment. If they think it will take ten ships to accomplish a mission, they will send twice as many. If they decide they will need twenty planes to gain an objective they will send one hundred. That is what our forces ~ are up against. Tony knows that only by giving our men an overwhelming superiority of weapons and supplies can we hope to crush Jap recklessness and tenacity without fearful loss of American lives. 'Tony and the other. boys who have met the Japs in all their brutality at close range cannot understand American optimism about an early defeat of Japan. They know that victory will be costly in men and materials and bitterly hard won. He knows the need of copper and other vital wa r materials-i--knows that the war can't be won without them. ' When Tony wrote the following advice to his brother, Joe, who works in the Butte mines, he wasn't fooling:
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"There isn't "_'uch I can say that I'd like to say as mail is censored.
one thing.
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But I can tell you
If you stay in the copper mines you are doing as much for your cou1ntry as I am. I
So take my advice-because
I know.
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I have seen a lot since I've been . in the Army." NOVEMBER 12, 1943
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Men on sheets waiting
to
go underground at the Tramway Mine with repaired batteries for the underground locomotives.
COPPER COMMANDO is the official newspaper of the Victory Labor-Management Production Committees of the Anaconda Copper Mining Company and its Union Representatives at Butte, Anaconda, East Helena and Creat Falls, Montana. It is issued every two weeks ..•• COPPER COM MAN DO is headed by a joint committee from Labor and Management, its policies are shaped by both sides and are dictated by neither .••• COPPER COMMANDO was established at the recommendation of the War Department w"'h the concurrence of the War Production Board. Its editors are Bob Newcomb and Marg Sammons; its safety editor is John L. Boardman; its staff photographer is Les Bishop .••• Its Editorial Board consists of: Denis McCarthy, CIO; John F. Bird, AFL; Ed Renouard, ACM, from Butte; Dan Byrne, CIO; Joe Marick, AFL; C. A. Lemmon, ACM, from Anaconda; Jack Clark, CIO; Herb Donaldson, AFL, and E. S. Bardwell, ACM, from Great I Falls. • • • COPPER COMMANDO is mailed ~ the home of every employe of ACM in the four locations--if you are not receiving your copy advise COPPER COMMANDO at 112 Hamilton Street, Butte, or, better still, drop in and tell us. This is Vol. 2, No.6.
NOVEMBER
12, 1943
In Tliis Issue CORPORAL ANTHONY MAZZOLLA __2 Tony Mazzolla worked in the mines of Butte up until July, 1941. But for the last twenty-two months Tony has been in Australia and New Guinea. He has the score straight. He knows the brutality of the Japs. He also knows the urgent need of copper and other metals. So-he advises his brother to stay in the mines.
CEORCE POTTER .--------~--------.. -8. George Potter is an old-timer in the Geological Department in Butte and can tell some mighty interesting tales of the early days in Montana. But he'll tell you none of them matters-there is only one thing which does matter and that is to win this war. His son, George, Jr., has been a prisoner of the Japs since the bombing of Wake Island.
KEEP INC THE ORE ROLLlNC
PLATTE,R CHATTER .--- -.. -.. -.--9. Mr. and Mrs. Henry Reed and their two children, Freddie and Joan, were recently chosen by the Saturday Evening Post in their story on Butte as the typical miner's family. We asked Mrs. Reed what she fed them-and how she managed red points. She gave us some tips we had never thought of in extending butter.
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It requires batteries to furnish the power if the underground locomotives are kept rolling loaded with the vital ore to be converted into ammunition for the boys fighting for us. Here's how the boys in the Main Battery Room of the Butte Mines' Electric Shop keep the batteries in tip-top condition. ANACONDA
COMMITTEE
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The boys on the Labor-Management Committee at Anaconda are doing a fine job in tackling production problems. The CIO, AFL and ACM representatives sit down and figure out solutions. We thought you would like to see them at work and know who's who on the various' committees. The front cover shows the committee in session.
TO LOOK LIKE NEW . __ _.__10 The boys working in the Paint Shop at Great Falls believe in cleanliness: A new paint job really helps in keeping a place 'clean and besides we all take pride when there is still the smell of fresh paint about. It builds morale and morale affects the production of necessary war materials. So--to make it look like new helps Uncle Sam, too.
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Keeping the Ore Bolling The Main Battery Room of the BuHe Mines' Electric Shop keeps the baHeries in repair. The batteries furftish the power for the, underground locomotives-and the locomotives keep the ore roUing.
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the mucked-out ore in the Butte' mines is to help the boys on the Firing line, it must-be kept rolling. Th~ underground locomotives take care of that and the storage batteries furnish the power with which to do it. So let's take a look at the Main Battery Room of the Butte Mines' Electric Shop and see how the boys keep the underground locomotives supplied with power: In the upper picture you can get a good idea of just what the Main Battery Room looks-like. The Shop has been under construction for the past year and there are still a lot of things to be done. For instance. in the center picture Dennis O'Connell and Joe Thompson are just completing the switchboard. Dennis had been working on the panel shown in the lower right next page picture and Joe came to look it over after it was finished. The wires on the floor in the upper picture connect with this switchboard which furnishes the power for charging. and is also a means of discharging. the batteries when they are brought in for repair. Fifteen trays of eight cells each are used for each locomotive. In order to keep the trays in the right rotation while they are in the Shop and afterwartJs in the locomotive, numbers from one to fifteen are stamped on the end of the trays. In the upper left shot next page BiII Ray is stamping on the numbers.
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Harry Dunstan to the left in the upper picture is connecting the cells together so they can be charged. The trays must be connected with the cell connecters. That'saccomplished by slipping the end of the terminal of the wire connecters over the terminal of the cells. Usually two or more batteries are brought in each day for repair, but there are twenty or thirty battery sets on hand. for the batteries are in the Shop for at least a week. Walter Cannon and Hugo Salvail in the upper picture are taking the meter reading on the cells to see how they are responding to the cycling (that's the charging and discharging of the batteries). NOVEMBER 12, 1943
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Will Wilds is dipping the battery with the help of a crane in the 'paint tank to protect it against underground corrosion. That's Bill Ray and Hugo Salvail cleaning a battery with steam and hot water on the opposite page lower picture. The batteries must be dried thoroughly before they are dipped in paint. It usually takes about twelve hours. The batteries on the floor are to be cleaned and the one in the middle has been dipped in paint and is draining. An asphalt base paint is used to prevent corrosion. After the surplus paint has dripped off, the electric crane moves it to a bench to dry. The pipes shown in the picture are used for refilling the batteries with electrolite, a potash solution. It's the medium through which
the current flows in the battery. The lower left shot is a closeup of Harry Dunstan raising a battery. freshly dipped in paint. . In the upper right picture Walter Cannon is repairing an ampere-hour meter used for controlling the amount of charge in a battery on the locomotive. There are about three hundred locomotives and each has a meter. It is not always necessary to send the meter in for repair at the same time as the batteries are sent in, but they average about one a day coming into the Shop for repair. Neither is it necessary to send the batteries into the Shop each and every time they need charging or discharging. The batteries can be charged underground.
which saves a lot of time, but when they are in need of repair they are sent to the Shop. Dirty cells may fail and then, too. sometimes they are worn out and if the locomotives underground aren't kept in tip-top shape the vital ore isn't kepf moving. Everyone knows how important it is to have your car battery in A-l condition. and just the same as your car battery is needed so are these locomotive batteries needed to furnish power underground. The boys in the Shop do a fine job in overhauling the batteries and thus keeping the locomotives carrying the needed ore along its way toward conversion into ammunition for the boys defending your. Country and my Country.
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NOVEMBER 12. 1943
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ANA(;ONDA~S LABORMANAGEMENT (;OMMITTEE
T HE
Victory Labor-Manageme~t Production Committee of the Anaconda Reduction Department is playing an important part in the production of copper, zinc, manganese, vanadium and phosphate to aid the war effort. Over thirtyfive different departments of the plant, .each with different processes and different equipment, are under their watchful eye. This wide variety of lines of work with their different problems makes the work of the Committee somewhat complicated at times but always very interesting. However, when this committee buckles down to work, they get lots of action. We are proud to introduce you .to the various committees at the Smelter at Anaconda. In the upper left picture O. P. McNally, CIO, and W. A. Emanuel, ACM, are discussing transportation problems. At present they are making a survey of the men driving cars to work so that a program for car pooling can be put into effect. That's part of the work of the Transportation Committee, of which Mr. McNally is chairman .
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NOVEMBER
12, 1943
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M. L. McDermott, AFL, chairman, and S. S. Rodgers, ACM, are discussing awards to be made to three workers at the Smelter for suggestions submitted to the Suggestion Committee in the opposite page center left picture. I the opposite page lo~er left J. S. Marick, AFL chairman, and S. A. McCallum, AFL, are talking over a future salvage program for the Salvage Committee. The Publ icity Committee is arranging for more posters for the bulletin boards in the upper right shot, showing S. A. McCallum, AFL chairman, and L. E. Larsen,~ACM. Mem- . bers R. J. Daniels, AFL chairman, and J. J. Donovan, Cia, of the Bond and War Fund Drive Committees, are shown in the center right picture. The Absenteeism Committee in the lower right pictures H. J. Maguire and W. J. Dooley. That's Dorothy Anderson taking down the minutes of the meeting in the lower right opposite page. The other pictures, as well as those on the front cover, give a good idea of the seriousness with which these members tackle production problems at their meetings the last Thursday of each month at ten A. M. E. A. Barnard, ACM, is chairman and C. F. McLean, CtO,' is secretary at the meetings. The center front cover picture shows them at the head of the table with Wallace Smith, ACM. and W. E. Mitchell. ACM. General Manager, to their left.
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NOVEMBER 12. 1943
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.People .~' Places
A TTACK.
Counter-attack. Attack. Another ridge. Another valley. Another town. All sense of time gone. They get weary. They smell death. But they keep going. That's invasion. That's what happens when the scene changes and they are on the offensive instead of the defensive. There's no let-up. There cannot-there must not be-if this war is to be won. More men-more machines. A new front. That's the life of our American soldiers today. Or maybe they're crouched in a foxhole-waitingwaiting for the signal. Attack! But what about us? And what are we doing at home? Is it attack, counterattack, attack for us on the home front? Are we fighting a battle here to furnish the boys with the materials of war which they need so desperately-more than ever before? Let's not kid ourselves about this. We've been feeling pretty good lately .•• With the hopeful headlines from time to time from our fightin~onts. With that nice CrDP of callouses we raised out in our Victory garden. And with the car in the garage while we walk a couple of blocks to save gasoline. And not grumbling too muc,h ahout rationing. We've gotten smug again. We have the war won. We can let down and take it easy again. That's what we think! Don't fool yourself! This war is far from won. There isn't any likelihood of an early collapse of either Cermany or Japan. The number of workers employed in war industries in Nazi-occupied territories has risen from twenty-three million at the start of the war to a present total of thirty-five million, and the weapons they are making are in some cases better than any which the United Nations have. One of their weapons, a rocket gun, weighs less than 1,800 pounds; yet it has a fire power equal to six heavy field howitzers weighing nine tons apiece. That means we must furnish six to their one and use a lot more metal in making them. And we think that we can relax! Let's get over our over-confidence and get ready for the attack-along with the boys on the firing .line. We know there is one way we can be a partner to him in the attack and that's by furnishing the copper and other vital metals. Let's do our part in the attack.
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THERE'S another reason for George Potter, shown in the picture below, staying on the job in the Geological Department at Butte. George has a son, George H ... [r., a Major in the Marines, who was sent to Wake island just prior to Pearl Harbor bombing. When Wake Island was bombed, his son was captured and has been a prisoner of the laps ever since. George has had no communication from his son since he's been a prisoner but there' one thing sure and that is that he is going to do everything in his power to furnish the ammunition with which we can force the Japs to release our men taken prisoners. George was seventy-five years old August 23. and the boys in the Geological and Sampling couldn't miss that opportunity-to show their sincere affection for him. The celebration took the form of a picnic, at the Reservoir. They presented him with a sweater coat and cigars which they all proceeded to smoke, but George is the kind of a fellow who insists on things like that. It was in 1894 that George fi rst started to work in the Engineering Department with August Christian, who was chief engineer then. Two years later, however, George left the employ of the A. C. M. Later he was U. S. Deputy Mineral Surveyor. At that time the job was an appointment from Washington. Now they have discontinued this particular post. After this appointment from Washington, he had his own survey office in Virginia City. George Said: "It was never necessary for me to play golf or look for exercise. I got plenty of it in making surveys throughout the state." George was asked to be a draftsman in the Geological Department in 1915' and has been there ever since for, as he says: "I n all my experience from 4
my earliest to the present, I've never met , a finer bunch of fellows than the boys in the Geological and Sampling Departments. " A REPORT ON A BUTTE BOY This account of Corporal James Powers Was sent into the Commando office by Gifford C. Loomer, Second Lieutenant, USMCR: "Perhaps this should be entitled, 'From the Mines of Butte to the Tropical Isles of the South Paciftc.' At any rate it is, in brief, an account of an ordinary, yet in many ways an extraor. dinary, young American, who is simply doing his part in the winning of the war. "James Powers joined the U. S. Marine Corps Reserve in July, 1942. Prior to that time he was in the employ of the Anaconda Copper Mining Companyand doing a good job, as evidenced by the fact that at the time of 'joining up' he was about' to become the youngest foreman in the mines. The experiences Jim had while in his former job have done much in fitting him for service in the Marines. An example of this is the handling 'of explosives, which must, in any war, occupy an important place. "Jim recently had another stripe added which makes him a corporal. Through his work in the reconnaissance platoon he has become one of our best map-makers in the battalion. His. work may be characterized by a restlessness caused only by the fact that he wants to get 'in there' and do even more. His consistent good work and popularity as 'one of the boys' and also as a leader of them. stand as proof of the fact that he is proud to be in the Service. The training Jim is getting should prove a great help as he goes back to our American way of lifeafter we straighten out a little matte-r with Tojo's boys in the back room at Tokyo!"
NOVEMBER 12, 1943
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TO路 LOOI{ LIKENEW To make it look new is the ambition of the boys working in the Paint Shop at Creat Falls. Louis E. Jackson, foreman, and his gang believe in cleanliness. They say there's nothing like a new paint job to help keep a place clean. A clean shop builds morale and that affects the production of necessary war materials. NOT only do some of the shops and departments at the Great Falls Reduction Works get a coat of paint each year, but all of them. In the picture above are, left to right, Bill Shaw, Bob Cunningham, Fred Larson, Bud Symhorst, Louie Jackson, foreman, Karl Lukes, Ralph McVey, Charlie Kisselburg and Bill Dow. These are the men who keep the Hill looking spick and span. The two oldest pajnters, BiII Shaw and Bill Dow, are in charge of the paint shop at the Zinc Plant. At eighty, Bill Shaw, an ex-Canadian Mountie, is still on the job every morning on time. He stays in the shop painting sash and that's a full time job. Bill Dow still goes out on jobs. NOVEMBER 12. 1943
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Of course, the summer time is the busy season for painting. Last year three hundred and fifty gallons of paint were used each month. It'll average for the year around two hundred gallons per month. They use a fume paint made of linseed oil, tractor fuel. dryer and zinc fume (zinc oxide). Then, of course, they add color to suit. The boys, just finished painting the general office building inside and out. Three coats were given to the outside and in most cases three coats on the inside, too. Another job this summer was painting the white line down the roads on the Hill. It took thirty-five gallons of traffic paint (they buy it already mixed) to paint that white line. The boys in the Paint Shop will tell you that they'd never be able to cover the Hill in a year without the assi~tance of the spray painters, who come under the Carpenter Shop. All the large buildings are spray painted with an air spray. There are air lines around all the shops, so they just plug in and blow down the dust first and then start spraying on the paint. They spray it on in a hurry and get out-while the regular painter would take days to do the job-and that would disrupt working conditions and mean a slowing down of production. They're all doing their part in keeping up production records by keeping things clean on the
Hill.
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WILSON ASKS FOR HELP! H ••• it is urgent and important, and I need your help," declares Charles E. Wilson, executive vice-chairman of the War Production board, in a message to all American workers •. (
Here is his message to you: "Benito Mussolini has been blasted from his balcony in Rome. That was your doing, for the most powerful of all the weapons which brought him low, the one which neither he nor Hitler nor Tojo can overcome, is the magnificent productive machine which is the sole responsibility of you at home. "You who are the soldiers of production in' America have performed an almost impossible job in your mines and mills, along your railroads and sea lanes, and on your farms. "But power!
you do not know your own
"The biggest job still lies ahead and the blows that' we strike in the coming months must be harder and more savage, our push more relentless. "With one enemy down and two 'to go we cannot pull up or slacken our pace. The time that fights on our side is not waiting time-it is time crammed with shattering, bone-cracking action. "We are invading the Fortress of Europe, and we are going to invade the. Fortress of Japa .. ! "My message is not one of praise, alflhough you who are laboring around the clock to win this battle richly deserve it. There will be time enough for that later. "We. have millions of men now on the figh'ting fronts. It has cost us much in lives and blood and toil to put them there. "If we want them to be where they should be to do the most geed, if we intend to smash the Axis on schedule, you at home must next winter be turning out 40 per -eent more combat munitions than you are now. In 1944 you must deliver 24 per cent more than we expect to deliver in 1943. These are vital statistics. not propaganda. "Your fingerprints are on the weapons our fighting men operate in every theater of war.
M R. AND MRS, Henry
Reed and their two children, Freddie and Joan, pictured below, were recently chosen by the Saturday Evening Post in their story on Butte as the typical miner's family. When we read that, we decided that it was high time we consulted Mrs. Reed to find out just what and how she fed her family, for after all they are a fine, healthy looking group. Since Henry works at the Tramway Mine it is necessary for Catherine to fix a lunch bucket. One of the first things she told us was this: "Always remember to use more salt on food to be eaten underground, for the men require additional salt because of the loss of salt to their systems through perspiring. Butter, spread evenly from crust to crust, adds flavor and food value to a sandwich, But butter is scarce now, so I use butter extenders. J have two recipes for butter extenders. One requi res two teaspoons of unflavored gelatine, two tablespoons \ of cold water, one-half pound of butter, one-half teaspoon of salt and one cup of evaporated milk. First I soften the. gelatine in water and dissolve it over hot water; then cut the butter in small pieces and let it stand until it is room temperature; add the dissolved gelatine and salt to the milk; whip the milk gradually into the butter with a rotary beater or an electric mixer until the milk does not separate; add coloring if desired and pack into a container and chill in refrigerator. For a full pound of butter use one package of Knox gelatine and one teaspoon of salt and one large can of evaporated milk, Another recipe for extending butter, if you happen to be out of gelatine, is to cut up
one pound of butter in a large bowl. Keep at room temperature to soften, but not melt. Heat to lukewarm one large can of evaporated milk and add one teaspoon of salt. Add salt mixture to butter and beat with a wooden spoon until milk and butter are well blended. Shape by hand or press in mold and chill. "Another thing I do to make butter stretch is to mix it ahead of time with sandwich filling. Two-thirds less butter is used by this method than when spread in separate layers: Let ingredients stand at room temperature until softened, but not melted. Mix in large bowl with wooden spoon unti I well creamed. Spread on bread. Left-over butter may be stored in the refrigerator to use later for hot breads, toast, muffins, or pancakes. Here are the proportions to go by: One-fourth cup of butter to one-half cup of honey. This makes 'a spread for fourteen to sixteen slices of bread. One-fourth cup of butter to one-half cup of jelly will make a spread for fourteen to sixteen slices of bread. One-fourth cup of butter to onehalf cup of peanut butter wi II spread fourteen or so sandwiches. One-fourth cup of butter to one-half cup apple but- ' ter wi II spread from twelve to fourteen slices of bread. Then I use various kinds of fiflings for the sandwiches. We particularly like cheese in the sandwich if we have a sweet mix with the butter. For a meat filling, I use one-fourth cup of butter and one and one-half tablespoons of prepared yellow mustard. This makes a spread for eight to ten sl ices of bread. Then, too, I combine mayonnaise and sandwich spreads with butter and they make perfect substitutes.
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"I ask you to work harder, to find better ways to do each job, to avoid illness and accidents and excessive fatigue. Stick to your posts and get out the goods. "The parts and materials that passed through your hands mo,\!hs ago have gone on long journeys-to Guadalcanal and Africa and Sicily. The men who use them are proud of you. They are on the march and they depend on you. "Don't
let them down!"
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NOVEMBER 12, 1943
U. S. EMPLOYMENT SERVICE REPORTS
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Full utilization of Montana's diminishing labor supply. as a maximum' contribution to war production and essential activities, is the primary aim'of Montana's revised employment stabilization program, effective October 15, according to John J. Hanley, manager of the Butte office of the U. S. employment service. "Representatives of labor and management were consulted by the manpower officials in preparation of the re-. vised program, and uniform national standards have been incorporated in this pian," 'said O. C. Lamport, state manpower director at Helena, in releasing copies of the program to field offices, employers, and employee organizations. "Stabilization plans of September, 1942, and May, 1943, have been combined in this unified program, thus bringihg unity of action into the labor freld as regards metal minin.g: lumbering and logging. Coal mining has now been established on the same \ basis as a critically needed war production. "I n a general sense," Manager Hanley states, "the new program is based upon four inter-related purposes: First, elimination of labor turnover in essential activities; second, reduction of unnecessary labor migration; third. direction of scarce labor supply where most needed in the war program; and' fourth, maximum utilization of manpower resources. All these point to the war production goal as the prime object of Montana's effort. " Stabilization program provide:
provisions of the new
1. Hiring and firing controls, in critical spots. 2. Sixty-day waiting period for unauthorized separations. 3. Uninterrupted use existing hiring channels and aids. . 4. Restriction of solicitation among employed workers. ' 5. Separations for workers with higher critical skill or for full-time employment. 6. Orderly transfer of workers as production needs require. 7. Under-paid workers may be cleared to war jobs. 8. Release for men hired under improper conditions. 9. Agriculture freed from most employment restrictions. ... 1Q. State, County. City, and Subdivision employment unrestrained. 11. Appeal procedures for both employer and employee. 12. Protection for rights of individuals and organizations. 13. Penalties and corrective measures. 14. Uniformity with other states. In the mining and lumbering industries a new availability statement is used, but the employee going into, leaving, or transferring within the industry must have approval of the employment service. In other industries the em-
NOVEMBER 12. 1943
plover's release is valid for new employment, in essential industry. Farm restrictions have been removed in the new plan, and no statement of availabiljty is required of a man going into or transferring within agricultural employment. Upon leaving agriculture, however, the worker must have approval of the employment service and a further safeguard of consultation with a representative of the War Food Administration. Domestic help, is I~kewise outside the operation of the stabi Iization policies. The employees of state, county, city and school district may also move into industry or back into public employment without availability statements. Rights of employers and of .employees to appeal from any decision, action, or failure to act on the part of the . employment service are definitely protected. Local Labor-Management committees will review the grievance and may direct reversal or approval. . Copies of the new stabllization program are being furnished all employers and employee organizations in Montana, Mr. Hanley states. Already the simplified procedures, short-cuts, and streamlining of the new plan have won approval of management and labor. CASOLINE
NEEDS
.I n the fi rst 12 months of the war, the quantity of petroleum and petroleum products sent to our troops was more than 80 times that shipped in the first 12 months of the last World war. Instead of horses, mules. and forage, our armed forces now use' trucks, tractors, bulldozers. gasoline and oil. -In TunIsia, for example, 18.000 gallons of gasoline were consumed for every hour each mechanized division, was on the move. On a very active day in North Africa, the Allied Air Forces alone required 1.500,000 gallons of high octane gasoline. In one such day. these air forces consumed enough high octane gas to operate 45,000 car clubs for a year. A single mechanized division required enough gasoline to run 52 average car clubs for a year. Wherever U. S. troops Ft0' supply forces, trucks, and gasoline can be counted on to do a job. Still, military aircraft have sometimes not only been forced down because they have run out of gas, but on the other hand. have been unable to take off for the same reason. Tanks have been abandoned after unsuccessful attempts have been made to obtain fuel from other vehicles; jeeps and valuable armaments have been left behind for the same reason. As bases are taken over from the enemy, and new bases are built , the spread of gasoline supplies must be greater to avoid unnecessary risks occasioned by lack of refueling points, gasoline must be available in as many places and in as great a reserve as possible.
DEEttSKINS FOR WAR Because deerskins are urgently needed for war purposes, the War-Production Board and the Fish and Wildlife Service of the Department of the Interior have made an appeal to deer hunters to turn all deer hides obtained this season int-o commercial channels for the manufacture of military equipment. Deer hides furnish the necessary leathers to make gloves and mukluks for cold climate use. These are needed by the armed forces. It is important that the fullest use be made of the domestic supply of deer hides since present conditions have interrupted the flow of foreign deerskins which came from many out-ofthe-way ports of the world. GARBACE PAILS Housewives can do as much as farmers to make America's food supply go further-by cutting down on waste, two surveys indicate. The Food Distribution Administration estimates that 20 to 30 pounds of. every 100 of food is wasted. Not all of this is due to wastage-at home, but FDA .estimates that America's greatest source of extra food supply is the household garbage pai I, where 15 per cent of the food that comes into the kitchen is finally tossed: A survey in New York disclosed that 26.4 per cent of the garbage (analyses made of 146 truck loads from which all rubbish had been removed) consisted ~f ¡vegetables. Wasted greens made up 23.4 per cent. Baked goods (bread and cakes) accounted for 17.4 per cent. FDA estimates that America throws away 3-5 of a pound of food per day for every person. Most of this could besalvaged for nutrition, according to this agency. Vegetables and greens are the foods housewives are urged to watch carefully: beet tops, for instance, make up 22 per cent of the weight of the bunch of beets, and contain almost as much nutrition as the roots. Celery .leaves, jf not wanted immediately for soups, can be dried for later use. GOOD WORK, BOYS Remember a couple of months ago when we told you that Sal Pinto, phottographer for the Saturday Evening Post, was in Butte covering a story to be used in the near future. The October 30th issue of the Post carried that story, "The Richest Hill on Earth," by Charles Lanius, a former Montana boy. Sal really did his stuff with color photography in picturing scenes around Butte and the converter furnace and the refining furnace at Anaconda. We of the Copper Commando staff say to both Sal and Charles: "Thanks a million."
BUY CHRISTMAS
SEALS Proceeds from the Annual Christmas Seal Sale now .being conducted are devoted to the maintenance of your tree Juberculosis Clinic in the Courthouse.
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MOP UP UNIT-Two alert U. S. Marines stand beside their small tank which helped blast the Japanese in the battle of the Tenaru River during the early stages of fighting on Guadalcanal
in the Solomon Islands. These well-manned. sturdy machines readily mopped up strong points of enemy resistance. (Metals produced by you are needed for those tanks.>
A Marine gunner is prepared to give a hot reception to any possible Japanese sky raiders as he mans a .50 calibre anti-aircraft gun, in his sandbagged emplacement at Cuadalcanal, Solomon
Islands. Th~ Leathernecks have found this weapon to be one of the most effective means to blast enemy planes from the air. (These guns cannot be produced without your metals.),
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NOVEMBER 12, 1943