23rd Source of the Nile National Agricultural & Trade Show Magazine

Climate change: will agriculture pass the test? By Solomon Kalema Musisi

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Can Climate Smart Agriculture work for our smallholder farmers? By Enoth Mbeine Issue 03, July 2015

Climate Smart Agriculture for Sustainable Food Security and Wealth Creation

How to access credit for Agricultural Financing

Have you heard about Kadogo Kitchen Garden farming?

Editorial

Publisher’s Word Chief Executive Officer: Godrick O. Dambyo Managing Director: Peter Mugeni Wanyama Regional Business Development Manager & Editorial Coordinator: Solomon Kalema Musisi Sales & Advertising: Luke Kasolo, Bellah Ruth Nankanja, Kasibin Francis Mutaka Photography: The East Africa Agribusiness Magazine Ltd Published by:

The East Africa Agribusiness Magazine Ltd P. O. Box 33752, Kampala-Uganda Tel: +256 (0)414 223 471 / +256 (0)200 902 012 Fax: +256 (0) 414 223 475 Email: info@ea-agribusiness. co. ug Website: www. ea-agribusiness. co. ug Rwanda: Agri Publications Limited P. O. Box 2227, Kigali, Rwanda Tel: +250 (0) 787 397 015 Email: info@ea-agribusiness. co. ug Design/layout

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From the 6th – 13th July 2015, the Uganda National Farmers Federation (UNFFE) will hold the 23rd Source of the Nile National Agricultural and Trade Show at Jinja Show Grounds. This year’s show is under the Theme; Climate Smart Agriculture for Sustainable Food Security & Wealth Creation. With Uganda considered the food basket for the East African region, emphasis has now shifted to encouraging farmers to adopt Climate Smart Agriculture (CSA) in order to enhance production and productivity. With this kind of agriculture taking centre stage on the agenda, the agricultural sector is destined for a better future in this era of rapid climate change.

W

ith the changing global weather patterns, the only way agriculture will remain relevant by adopting Climate Smart Agriculture.

Currently, agriculture contributes 42% of the National Domestic Product (NDP) and 80% of the export earnings. About 85% of the strong work force in Uganda also relies on agriculture for their livelihood. But ironically, this workforce comprises 90% of the rural poor, who are mainly subsistence farmers contributing 70% of the country’s marketed produce.

However, there is a lot that is being done by the Government of Uganda and private sector players to transform agriculture from subsistence to commercial farming and from small scale to large scale production.

Government should therefore continue to dialogue with farmers, through the Uganda National Farmers Federation (UNFFE) as the primary partner in the implementation

and realization of the meaningful agricultural transformation for food security and wealth creation.

UNFFE should also spread the agricultural show countrywide in a regional setting as a forum for exchange of information and exhibition of technologies, experiences, products, innovations, best practices and exposure to agriculture related investment opportunities.

Farmers and private sector should use the Show to find new products, services and partnerships.

The Source of the Nile National Agricultural and Trade Show has over the past 22 years moved from being a mere farmers’ event showcasing simpler to high-tech agricultural farming technologies and equipment as well as growing market for ready products for the local and export market. It is important to appreciate that as much as there are benefits the show has created, Ugandan farmers need to work more in groups for easier access to finance and other agro-services.

Chief Executive Officer The East Africa Agribusiness Magazine.

1 May - June, 2015

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AGRI-FINANCING 14 | How to access credit for Agricultural Financing 17 | Government identifies priority agricultural enterprises in Uganda

EDITORIAL 03 | Publisher’s Word 04 | Word from the UNFFE President

FOOD SECURITY

NEWS BRIEFS

26 | Food prices: Smallholder farmers can be part of the solution

6 | Kenya eyes highvalue agriculture to up production 6 | Uganda Govt maintains ban on agriculture exports to EU 6 | President Kikwete Calls For Food Surplus Storage Investment In Tanzania

AGRIBUSINESS 28 | Helping farmers in Eastern Uganda to achieve better results URBAN FARMING

COVER STORY

30 | Have you heard about Kadogo Kitchen Garden farming?

8 | Climate change: Will agriculture pass the test?

INTERVIEW

Farm Guide

11 | Farmers need to embrace Climate Smart Agriculture NEWS BRIEFS 12 | Highlighting agricultural sector implications in FY 2015/16 East African country budgets

Climate Smart Agriculture for Sustainable Food Security and Wealth Creation START-UP GUIDE TO GARLIC GROWING

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May - June, 2015

21

F OR E W ORD

Word from the UNFFE President

O

n behalf of the National Executive Committee of the Uganda National Farmers Federation (UNFFE) and on my behalf, I welcome all development partners, readers, exhibitors, participants, organizers and the general public to the annual farmers’ week at Jinja Show Ground under the theme “Climate Smart Agriculture for Sustainable Food Security & Wealth Creation.”

This year comes with another impressive theme focusing on Climate Smart Agriculture aimed at improving national food security by engaging farmers in climate resilient agricultural practices.

In this Show, people from all walks of life will be offered a chance to explore and learn about the different models of Climate Smart Agricul-

4 May - June, 2015

ture and how it can revolutionise agriculture.

This Show will, therefore, offer a platform for technology, marketing experience and information sharing between the farmers, researchers, traders, manufacturers and the general public

from Uganda and the East African region.

I would like to thank the government and, in particular, the Ministry of Agriculture, Animal Industry and Fisheries (MAAIF) for the continued support to farmers at all levels.

I would, equally, like to thank our development partners for their support during the preparation of this year’s Show. I also thank the UNFFE National Executive Committee and the Show board for their efforts in organizing this year’s Show. I would also like to thank The East Africa Agribusiness Magazine for their professional agricultural sector coverage.

Thank you all and enjoy the Show Charles Ogang PRESIDENT, UNFFE

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Kenya eyes highvalue agriculture to up production Kenya is committed to developing linkages between industrialisation and agriculture to power transformation. Acting Cabinet Secretary for Agriculture, Livestock and Fisheries Adan Mohamed said the move will open up opportunities in the sector and accelerate Kenya’s food security plans.

Speaking in Cape Town at the Grow Africa Investment Forum last week, Adan said African countries need to attract the private sector. This, he noted will support farmers and agricultural projects to commercialise the sector and deal with food security.

“Kenya is creating an enabling agricultural policy to attract investors and establish investments in the agricultural sector which includes infrastructure investments to improve market access and lower the cost of production,” he said.

The CS said Kenya’s agricultural potential will be complemented by the plan to develop agro-processing capability through value addition. He noted that the focus is on empowering and creating opportunities for smallholder farmers and elevating them from subsistence farming to feeding the regional market. “We are currently reviewing the agricultural policy to address the needs of small-scale farmers, taking into account the emerging trends in the sector such as environment and climate change.”

He said the model farm of 10,000 acres which is part of the one-million-acre food irrigation programme is progressing well and once completed, will offer a sustainable food security solution. The Grow Africa Investment forum is part of the World Economic Forum on Africa that brings the continent’s leaders together to deliberate on Africa’s opportunities.

6 May - June, 2015

Uganda Govt maintains ban on agriculture exports to EU

T

vegetables and flowers had excess he government of Uganda chemicals and some had been mixed has maintained the ban on with marijuana,” Ssempijja said. the exportation of agricultural «The Government had to impose produce to the European Union (EU) self-ban of the exports two months ago market following persistent complaints to show that we are concerned and as over their poor quality, state minister a proactive measure before the EU defor Agriculture, Vincent Ssempijja, clared the ban. Once you are banned has said during the 4th National Agrifrom exporting to EU, it may take cultural Policy Forum at Golf Course you more than four years to be cleared Hotel in Kampala was organized by Vincent Ssempijja, again, which taints your international the Economic Policy Research Centre State Minister for Agriculture image,» Ssempijja said.

(EPRC).

Trade and Industry minister, Ssempijja said Ugandan exporters have failed to meet the minimum set standards for Amelia Kyambadde, said the export ban on pepper to Europe that commenced in April could be horticulture produce especially fruits, flowers and stretched till August. The initial export ban was vegetables. imposed to retrain 60, 000 farmers and over 50 “The EU has complained for two years that exporters to prevent and detect produce affected Ugandan exporters were supplying poor quality by harmful organisms in line with stringent EU agriculture produce. We received constant warnrequirements. ings and some of the products that were exported there were destroyed. They complained that the

President Kikwete Calls For Food Surplus Storage Investment In Tanzania accounts for nearly half of Tanzania’s President Jakaya Kikwete has called GDP contribution with an annual for investment to increase Tanzania growth rate of 6%. food surplus storage and assure Tanzania is promoting agriculture market for food surplus produce. The and investment via 3 initiatives: The call was made during Kikwete’s keyAgriculture Sector Development note address to the United Nations Programe, Kilimo kwanza (transformEconomic and Social Council on ing agriculture) and the Southern “Achieving Sustainable Development President Jakaya Through Employment Creation and Kikwete of Tanzania. Agriculture Growth Corridor of Tanzania (SAGCOT).

Decent Work”, held in New York on In 2014 Tanzania government March 30th 2015. embarked USD 50 million project to construct During the council the President reminded 30 new silos to accommodate surplus of Tanzania that for three years now Tanzania has enjoyed grain and rice harvests. surplus food production but the challenge is to The establishment of a Tanzania commodity increase storage. Agriculture is amongst the top exchange market is currently underway. sector the country has identified for investment as it absorbs 80% of the country’s workforce

Cover Story

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7 May - June, 2015

Cover Story

Members of an Agro-Pastoral Field Schools in Karamoja display their harvest.

Climate change: Will agriculture pass the test?

Why East Africa needs Climate Smart Agriculture

By Kalema Musisi Solomon

Agricultural sector policy makers, students, leaders from all parts of Uganda, farmers, researchers and innovationists are heading to a common location this July to attend Uganda’s most popular agricultural spectacle, the Source of the Nile National Agricultural and Trade Show that has been held by the Uganda National Farmers Federation in Uganda since 1993.

T

his year, the Federation is holding yet the 23rd Source of the Nile National Agricultural and Trade Show under the theme, ‘Climate Smart Agriculture for sustainable food security and wealth creation’

8 May - June, 2015

This year the show which is to run from 6th to 13th July at the Jinja Agricultural Show Grounds is in high gear with an expected turn up of exhibitors from various countries both from East Africa and beyond.

This show is focusing the spotlight on a vital trend that will be much needed in feeding billions across the world amidst the rapidly changing climate.

Cover Story ers to adapting to resilient farming methods that have over the years maintained high agricultural output in areas that are covered with mountainous landscape.

One outstanding example is the great terracing pattern in the hills of Kigezi in Western Uganda where farmers dug terraces on the slopes of the great highlands to check effects of rain water on the people living and carrying out agricultural production in the area while maintaining availability of water which is beneficial for ecological make-up of the area.

This is a trend of Climate Smart Agriculture.

With the currently observable effects of the changes in climate, the population is in constant need for as many initiatives as possible to avoid exposure to the threat of greatly reduced food security that arises from floods, prolonged drought and unexpected variations in seasons.

What is Climate Smart Agriculture?

Climate Smart Agriculture, can be simply defined as a summation of farming practices that can adapt to changing climatic conditions enhance production without compromising the ecological composition of an area.

History of Climate Smart Agriculture in East Africa East Africa, which has a wealth of landscape and vegetation, has numerous climatic regions of montane, tropical monsoon, semi-arid, arid, dry tropical, modified equatorial and equatorial climate accompanied by great world features including the Kilimanjaro mountain shared by Kenya and Tanzania, the Nile river, Mountain Rwenzori and Lake Victoria in Uganda, the hills of Rwanda and Burundi among others.

The region is blessed with a diverse selection of willing development partners from all over the world who are collaborating in safeguarding the natural resource wealth as well as the prowess of the five Eat African countries in international agricultural market presence.

Farming populations in Uganda are no strang-

How Climate Change affects Agriculture

Conservation of plant genetic resources at the National Agricultural Research Organisation (NARO) in Uganda.

■■ Delays in planting and harvesting ■■ Prolonged drought causes shortage of water, a vital element for all major plant processes ■■ Floods cause blockage of major feeder roads cutting off rural farmers from markets

How to practice simple Climate Smart Agriculture

■■ Policy makers have to protect forest reserves against encroachment for agricultural purposes ■■ For farmers practising agro forestry or farming near forested leaves that drop from the trees should be used for mulching in the crop gardens rather than burn them ■■ Intercropping

Progress of Climate Smart Agriculture and Climate Change Awareness in 2015

Left to right: Virginie Leroy Country Representative of the French Agency for Development, Hon Eddy Kwezira President of the Uganda Parliamentary Forum on Climate Change, HE Sophie Makame the Ambassador of France to Uganda, Hon. Rebecca Kadaga the Speaker of Parliament and Hon. Ephraim Kamuntu the Cabinet Minister for Water and Environment and at the Photo exhibition held at the Parliament of Uganda.(Source: French Embassy)

The global umbrella of the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organisation has registered success in this area by exploiting potential options for Climate Smart Agriculture in different countries across the world in a bid to save the expected world population of 9 billion people by 2050 from food insecurity and mass scarcity with some of the success evident in the East African region.

African governments drafted the Africa Climate Smart Agriculture Alliance under the comprehensive agriculture Development Programme whose major underlying target is to achieve participation of 25 million households that are involved in ag-

9 May - June, 2015

Cover Story

riculture across the African continent in Climate Smart Agriculture by 2025.

The project would include use of the leaves from trees for compost and mulching rather than burning them in the open, letting off smoke into the atmosphere and compromising the ozone component.

According to Mr. Peter Nyakatura, the Coordinator of the Bunyoro Joint Farmers Association in Hoima, Western Uganda, farmers who plant trees along with crops in the area have contributed a lot to the push for resilience in Hoima district, sensitizes fellow farmers to adopt similar measures.

While the larger population of farmers grow maize, moringa and sorghum they have adopted a number of farming measures to adapt a resilient approach to climate change whilst earning well from agricultural investment.

As an association they have adopted methods such as water harvesting, use of alternative fuels rather than wood fuel as well as agro forestry.

Another instrumental partner in East Africa in promoting awareness and pushing for resilience amidst climate change challenges is the Embassy of France in Uganda.

The Embassy, held a series of roundtable discussions on climate change and resilience involving a range of experts from academia, climate change organisations and the general public at

10 May - June, 2015

Makerere University earlier in the year.

The initiatives to introduce the French touch to responsiveness and resilience to climate change complications were reinforced with a new and much effective means in photography.

This was showcased at the Climate Change Photo Exhibition held at Parliament on the 17th of June 2015 that was attended by, among others, the Ambassador of France to Uganda, Her Excellency Sophie Makame, Hon. Rebecca Kadaga, Speaker of the Parliament of Uganda, Hon. Ephraim Kamuntu, the Minister for Water and Environment, academia, representatives of various diplomatic missions and Hon. Eddie Kwezira, the Chairperson of the Parliamentary Forum on Climate Change.

While speaking at the event, the Ambassador pointed out that the photos in the exhibition illustrated that it is possible to conciliate climate change projects and development strategies that bring growth to countries like Uganda.

The French Ambassador also noted the need to take action about greenhouse gas emission, pollution, overfishing and water waste to avoid the very powerful manner of the disaster that our ‘home’ could face.

Warning signs While submitting on the trends that need

attention, the Ambassador of France to Uganda pointed out vital signs including ■■ 1 billion people starving ■■ 13 million hectares of forests disappearing every year, equivalent to one football pitch every second, ■■ Various mammals and birds and amphibian species disappearing ■■ Overfishing affecting three quarters of the resources.

■■ Rising temperatures over the 15 past years have never been so high, affecting the glaciers are in the North Pole ■■ 200 million people could become climate refugees in 35 years to come.

■■ The rise of temperatures, according to experts, is still ongoing and even faster than before.

While poverty reduction, livelihood improvements, infrastructural development and the fight against epidemics including Ebola are top of the list for development agenda in African countries, climate change is the new addition that would present a far greater threat to livelihood if such committed partners were not in place.

Agricultural production, the food source for world’s ever growing population will only thrive if attention is focused on Climate Smart Agriculture in countries all over the world.

Interview

Farmers need to embrace Climate Smart Agriculture Chris Balwanaki, Project Manager of Canaan Mixed Farm and Community Training Centre in Jinja, the host district for the National Agricultural Show, where over 150 farmers from Jinja, Kamuli, Rukungiri and Mayuge among others are undergoing training for purposes of mind set change spoke to Solomon Kalema on Climate Smart Agriculture.

What is Climate Smart Agriculture according to you?

This is use of agricultural tools, materials and practices aiming at improving agricultural outputs while minimising on its effect on the climate. It bridges between how to increase production and reduce harm on the climate.

are being finalised with NAADS offices in Kamuli.

What is your opinion of the UNFFE choosing climate smart as the theme?

I think this was long overdue as climate plays a major role in Uganda’s agriculture.

Most Ugandans rely on the natural climate patterns to grow food and since this has been changing, interventions to help Farmers adapt are needed as soon as yesterday.

Which practices would you advise farmers to carry out to avoid encroaching on natural resources?

Farmers need to embrace acceptable practices in agriculture such as use of organic substance in farming. Practices such as bush burning, intoxication of soils with polythene, toxic medicines in spraying, fishing and many others should be avoided.

Do you think Uganda has done enough to promote Climate Smart Agriculture?

I think in regards to promoting Climate Smart Agriculture, Uganda still has a big ground to cover. This does not dispute what has been done. Climate Smart Agriculture has three objectives that is; sustainably increasing agricultural productivity to support equitable increases in farm incomes, food security and development, adapting and building resilience of agricultural and food security systems to climate change at multiple levels and reducing greenhouse gas emissions from agriculture (including crops, livestock and fisheries).

These objectives are being addressed through NAADS, Ministry of Agriculture, Animal husbandry and Fisheries, FAO, WFP and other key players in the Agriculture, Animal husbandry and Fisheries bodies but there is a lot to be desired.

The centre is stepping up awareness regarding Climate Smart Agriculture amongst the farmers undergoing training.

Chris Balwanaki When does the official start of that initiative?

This training shall effectively start running September in Kamuli district. Some Programs

How do you think the show will benefit farmers and show goers as far as Climate Smart Agriculture is concerned?

I think every farmer who shall make it to the show will leave a more knowledgeable person in terms of producing amidst this changing climate.

Farmers shall also be able to interface with new technology that can enable them adapt to farming and even increase their produce in this day and age.

Mr Tom Tenywa takes farmers through a training on proper farming methods.

11 May - June, 2015

Agri- Financing

Highlighting agricultural sector implications in FY 2015/16 East African country budgets

By Kalema Musisi Solomon

“In Sub Saharan Africa, Mr. Speaker, growth is projected to slow down to 4.5 percent in 2015, from 5 percent in 2014. However in 2016 the economy is expected to recover to 5.2 percent.” This was part of the message delivered by Mr. Henry Rotich the Cabinet Secretary for the National Treasury to the people of Kenya at the National Assembly on the 11th of June 2015, in the same week where Cabinet representatives in Uganda, Tanzania, Rwanda and Burundi in charge of Finance presented budget speeches to the respective East African nations. The question remains, “Will the budgetary allocations made by East African countries foster economic development in that direction without compromising food security and slowing agricultural development?”

I

n Uganda, the allocations as read by Hon. Matia Kasaija are to serve a nation with a predominantly agriculture-dependent population with a growth rate of 3.2% and total fertility rate of 6.7 as estimated by the Uganda Demographic and Health Survey in 2006.

These two factors are expected to increase the population of Africa’s Pearl up to 91.3 million people by 2050, all of whom will need feeding from food grown within land area that is not going to increase.

Much more is to be invested in infrastructure development as a supportive move that, according to government will continue to enhance linkage to markets for both raw and processed agricultural products.

Critics argue that directly financing agricultural production is a more welcome approach that should bring more funds to building capacity in cooperatives to produce more as well as supply of quality agricultural inputs to the farming households in the country.

The ultimate global goals of supporting the sector as outlined in the 8 Millennium Development Goals, reflect that governments all over the world recognise the need to increase food production.

Prioritisation of this aspect in the first Goal which is to eradicate extreme poverty and hunger, is confirmation of that commitment.

In Rwanda, where the Finance Minister,

12 May - June, 2015

Claver Gatete, presented a fiscal year budget of Rwf 1,768.3 billion for the 2015/16 financial year that is Rwf 5.9 billion bigger than the 2014/15 revised budget.

The Finance Minister pointed out that the prior 7% growth of the country’s economy in 2014 was enhanced by increased agricultural production with good climate that had enabled the economy to grow by 4.7% in 2013.

According to Hon. Claver Gatete the economy is expected to grow by 6.5% in 2015 and 2016 with agriculture expected to grow by 5.2%, a promising projection when matched with his Kenyan counterpart Henry Rotich’s message.

In Burundi, where the population is estimated at 10 million people on a 2015 budget of 1.5 trillion franc, the government’s aim was to increase the budget by 6.4 percent from the 2014 budget aiming to invest more funds in agriculture. Like Uganda, infrastructure development was the next priority on the list of highly “expectant” sectors along with energy.

Burundi’s economic development is expected to grow by 5.4 percent in 2015 against 4.8 percent in 2014, adding to the list of countries in the region that are moving in the direction of the Sub-Saharan Africa development targets.

In Kenya, the agricultural sector is set to benefit from irrigation projects that attracted a sum of Kshs13.8 billion for projects under

Hon. Matia Kasaija, Uganda’s Minister of Finance, planning and Economic Development.

Agri- Financing

Rwanda: Hon. Claver Gatete

Kenya: Hon. Henry Rotich

Tanzania: Saada Mkuya

(L-R) East African presidents: Presidents Pierre Nkurunziza (Burundi), Jakaya Kikwete (Tanzania), Uhuru Kenyatta (Kenya), Yoweri Kaguta Museveni (Uganda) and Paul Kagame (Rwanda). the National Irrigation Board and the Galana Irrigation Project.

Echoing the same climate-responsive motive with the theme of the Agricultural Show in Uganda this year Mr. Rotich expressed the Kenyan government’s commitment to investing heavily in irrigation to build resilience in the country’s economy and ensure food security. To achieve this, the Kenyan Government made an additional allocation of Kshs29.5billion in water supply and sanitation as well as Kshs 2.1 billion for preventive and survival strategies during situations of water shortage and flood control.

In this Eastern side of the region, agricultural production has been stepped up with more initiatives to enhance well-being of the people and draw their attention to participation in agriculture, especially the Kenyan youth.

To boost the population’s potential contribution to agricultural sector growth the government allocated Kshs 3.1 billion to fisheries sector development, Kshs 3.5 billion to land tilting, Kshs 600 million into the Kenya Meat Commission and Kshs300million into pyrethrum production.

Tanzania also had the national budget increase by over 13.3% from Tshs19,853.3 billion in the 2014/15 financial year to Tshs 22,495.5 billion for 2015/16.

The United Republic of Tanzania is also looking forward to growth of 7.2 percent in 2015, another positive projection for East Africa.

In Uganda, where the cabinet approved an “agriculture-sensitive” development vision in 2007, referred to as Vision 2040, the hopes for increased agricultural development and economic growth are also along a similar trend.

The government envisages “A Transformed Ugandan Society from a Peasant to a Modern and Prosperous Country within 30 years” and agricultural sector players are working hard to offset bottlenecks in stepping up the profit levels in some of the most dependable cash crops grown for export like Coffee, Tea and Maize.

As per the financial year 2015/16, these are the targets, allocations and projections of economic development across the region, all fairly in line with the quotation by the Kenya Cabinet Secretary for the National Treasury, Henry Rotich.

Agricultural sector across East Africa stands to gain as more global organisations such as the United Nations through the World Food Programme, Food and Agricultural Organisation among others are working in collaboration with the respective governments to ensure that food security is not compromised but rather prioritised.

East African countries are engineering initiatives that should trigger new rate of development in the region’s agricultural sector, scale up technocratic efforts in advising political leaders, increasing awareness of the farming households regarding Climate Smart Agricultural practices, irrigation and land policy.

The region’s governments under the leadership of Presidents Yoweri Kaguta Museveni of Uganda, Jakaya Kikwete of Tanzania, Uhuru Kenyatta of Kenya, Paul Kagame of Rwanda and Pierre Nkurunziza of Burundi must go to greater lengths to exploit advantages in the trade platform including Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA) as member states of the East African Community that was revived in July, 2000 for the mutual benefit of the economies.

Development partners and civil society organisations will also be tasked with exploring the ways in which the sector is influenced by adjustments in budgetary allocations to agriculture as well as the direct and indirect effect on fiscal policies of the five economies to farmers’ incomes and livelihoods.

All of the five East African countries have focussed funds on increased welfare of the people as well as mobility of both traded products and man power with joint focus on completion of the Standard Gauge Railway and revisiting the 2004 East Africa Community Customs Management Act, all of which are a vital boost to trade in agricultural products and services and agribusiness value chain development across the region.

13 May - June, 2015

Agri- Financing

How to access credit for Agricultural Financing Increasing finance and investment to the agricultural sector is a vital part of addressing food security and poverty reduction as it helps farmers access credit for agriculture-related activities such as input supply, production, distribution, wholesale, processing/value addition and marketing. In 2009, the government of Uganda in partnership with Commercial Banks, Uganda Development Bank Ltd (UDBL), Micro Deposit Taking Institutions (MDIs) and Credit Institutions, all referred to as Participating Financial Institutions (PFIs) set up the Agriculture Credit Facility (ACF) where GoU and PFIs, each contributing 50% of the total loan to the eligible borrower at a 1:1 ratio.

T

he Scheme, which operates under a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) signed by all the stakeholders, provides medium and long-term loans to projects engaged in agriculture and agro- processing on more favourable terms than are usually available from the Financial Institutions. Bank of Uganda (BoU) plays the role of the Fund Administrator.

Eligible Purposes The Scheme’s core objective is to support agricultural expansion and modernisation through value addition along the agricultural value chain. The loans under the ACF are extended to private sector businesses or individuals engaged in agriculture and agroprocessing of raw materials and intermediate

14 May - June, 2015

The chart below gives the details of the areas funded

Agri- Financing this amount can be increased up to Ushs5 billion on a case by case basis (for eligible projects that add significant value to the agriculture sector and the economy as a whole).

There is no minimum loan amount to the final beneficiary.

■■ The maximum loan tenure is 8 years including a grace period of up to 3 years and the minimum loan tenure is 6 months.

■■ The interest rate charged by the PFI to the final beneficiary is up to a maximum of 12 percent per annum. The GoU contribution is disbursed to the PFIs at no interest (interest free) as an incentive to lend to the agricultural sector.

■■ The loan administration fees charged by the PFIs to eligible borrowers should not exceed 0.5 percent of the total loan amount.

Legal and documentation costs are however borne by the borrower.

Procedure of accessing the facility

Stanbic Bank Headoffices in Kampala.

Where to apply Potential Borrowers Should Apply Through The Pfi Of Their Choice. These Are: ■■ Abc Capital Bank ■■ Barclays Bank ■■ Bank Of Africa ■■ Bank Of Baroda ■■ Cairo Bank ■■ Crane Bank ■■ Centenary Bank

■■ ■■ ■■ ■■ ■■ ■■ ■■ ■■ ■■ ■■ ■■

Citi Bank Diamond Trust Bank Dfcu Bank Ecobank Equity Fina Bank Finca Global Trust Bank Housing Finance Bank Kenya Commercial Bank Mercantile Bank

■■ ■■ ■■ ■■ ■■ ■■ ■■ ■■ ■■ ■■ ■■

Orient Bank Post Bank Pride Microfinance Stanbic Bank Standard Chartered Bank Tropical Bank Udbl United Bank For Africa Uganda Finance Trust Imperial Bank Opportunity Bank (U)Ltd

The ACF is a refinance facility where the PFIs upon appraisal of the eligible projects extend loans to the borrower and thereafter claim re-imbursement from BoU for the GoU contribution.

Below is the procedure for accessing the facility; ■■ Client submits a bankable proposal through any of the PFIs mentioned above ■■ The PFI appraises/analyses the project to ascertain existence, eligibility, feasibility and viability prior to sanctioning the loan in accordance with the ACF guidelines ■■ Upon satisfaction, the PFI sanctions the facility and extends the loan to the eligible borrower ■■ The PFI submits the relevant documentation to BoU for re-imbursement of the GoU contribution.

Areas Funded products originating from crop and livestock production, fish farming, poultry keeping/ farming and bee-keeping.

The eligible purposes include; acquisition of machinery for agriculture and agro- processing, post harvest handling equipment, storage facilities/Warehouses for storage of agricultural produce and any other activity related to agriculture and agro- processing. A maximum of up to 20 percent of the total project cost can be used to finance inputs/working capital that mainly includes fertilizers, pesticides, etc required for primary production.

The facility however, does not finance working capital for trading in agriculture commodities, purchase of land, forestry and financing existing loan facilities.

Loan Terms and Conditions The ACF loans are disbursed to farmers and agro- processors through the PFIs on the following terms; ■■ The loans are designated in Uganda Shillings.

■■ The maximum loan amount to a single borrower is up to Ushs 2.1billion. However;

The facility benefits commercial farmers, Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) and farmer associations/groups that comprise mainly of out growers. Most of the SMEs include those involved in poultry farming, fruit growing, acquisition of tractors for land opening and milk coolers among others.

Through the provision of medium and long term credit to eligible projects under more favourable terms than usually available on the market, the ACF has indeed played a big role in promoting the agricultural sector.

15 May - June, 2015

Agri- Financing

Vision

A competitive, private sector let agriculture in Uganda

Mission

To promote private sector agribusiness development to enhance wealth creation in Uganda

aBi Trust

Value Chain development, Financial Services Development

aBi finance

Agribusiness Loan Guarantee Scheme, Construction guarantee Fund (CGF), The Endowment Fund, Line of Credit

Cross Cutting Issues

Green Growth, Gender, Human Rights Based Approach

16

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May - June, 2015

Agri- Financing

Government identifies priority agricultural enterprises in Uganda The Ministry of Agriculture, Animal Industry and Fisheries (MAAIF) is promoting the growing of priority crops and other agricultural enterprises in order to transform agriculture. The key crops and enterprises that were approved by the cabinet include; coffee, tea, bananas, cassava, beans, rice, cotton, dairy cattle, beef cattle, fish farming, Irish potatoes, poultry, goats, citrus, maize and pineapples.

A

ccording to the State Minister for Animal Industry, Hon. Bright Rwamirama, the Ministry demarcated the country into 10 agricultural zones as a requirement of the sector’s five year Development and Investment Strategy Plan (DISP) before rolling out the commodity approach (priority crops) across the country. The plan also requires the Ministry to promote the growing of specific crops in areas where they are suitable. This is aimed at increasing production and transforming the largely peasantry sector into a more commercial one.

The Ministry launched the National Agriculture Policy in September 2014 which, according to the ministry, is aligned with the sector’s Development and Investment Strategy Plan and other sub-sector policies to transform agriculture.

The main objectives of the policy are to; ■■ Achieve national food and nutrition security ■■ Increase income of farming households in crops, livestock, fisheries and all other agriculture related activities.

■■ Support stakeholder-led value chain development.

■■ Promote domestic , regional and international trade.

■■ Ensure sustainable use and management of Agricultural resources To achieve this, the policy requires Government to promote agricultural enterprises that enable households to earn periodic and long term incomes and facilitate the construction of appropriate agro-processing and storage infrastructure.

This is to improve post-harvest management, develop and improve food handling, marketing and distribution systems and linkages to domestic, regional and international markets. Under this policy, MAAIF aims at increasing the population’s access to agricultural and skills development opportunities.

The policy also emphasizes the importance of

David Muwonge, a coffee agribusiness expert at CURAD demonstrates to Mrs Joan Kakwenzire how to remove affected coffee beans.

the National Agricultural Research Organization (NARO) to generate, demonstrate and disseminate appropriate safe and cost-effective agricultural technologies and research services to enhance production and improve the quality of products.

A lot is being done to achieve the objectives of

“We have opportunities in agriculture and we should continue to utilise them.

Africa should not be poor.

We continue to make tremendous efforts in agriculture,” President Yoweri Museveni

the policy.

According to Hon. Bright Rwamirama, the Bukalasa Agricultural College, the Fisheries Training Institute and District Farm Institutes are also being revamped.

He also said agriculture training and information centres will be established in new districts with support from the World Bank under the Skilling Uganda scheme.

The Commissioner for Agribusiness, Mr. Deus Muhwezi, said they have completed rehabilitation of Mobuku, Doho and Agoro irrigation schemes and established water harvesting and irrigation demonstration sites to promote rice farming as a priority enterprise.

He said that the Ministry has introduced tea growing in various parts in western Uganda and West Nile as well as coffee growing in the North as part of the Commodity Approach scheme.

17 May - June, 2015

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Farm Guide

Start-up guide to Garlic growing

21 May - June, 2015

Farm Guide

Earn Ushs50millions by growing an acre of garlic herb

By Godrick Dambyo

Garlic herb is a relative of bulb onions of which yield about 10 tons, the equivalent of 10,000 kg’s of garlic bulbs on one acre if properly grown. At a farm gate price of Ushs5,000 per kg, the gross income per acre will be about 10,000 kgs x 5,000Ushs = Ushs50,000,000. The crop has a growing market in Uganda and the east African region due to its culinary and medicinal value. Garlic also has spicy taste and smell and it’s used for flavouring food particularly soups, meat and fish. This medicinal plant has been used successfully for removal of pimples and boils from the skin, relief of rheumatism, colds, coughs and sore throats, management of diabetes and HIV/AIDS complications.

G

arlic growing is suited for medium to high altitudes of 500 - 2,000 metres and high temperatures of 30ºC are necessary for optimum bulb development.

Cooler temperatures in the early stages are required as they favour vegetative growth required for plant establishment. Optimum temperatures for growing the crop are 12 - 24ºC and excess rainfall as well as humidity are detrimental to the plant’s vegetative

growth and bulb formation.

Garlic growing is carried out in areas with well drained fertile soils and low rainfall where irrigation can be used in the early stages when water requirement is highest.

The weather should also be sunny to allow for favorable flavor development of the garlic.

The farmer should avoid clay soils as they may result in malformed bulbs.

What farmers should note

■■ Soil Ph should also be 5.5 - 6.8.

■■ Deep land preparation is required to ensure adequate rooting depth.

■■ Bulbs for sowing from the previous crop should be stored at 10ºC and a relative humidity of 50-65%.

■■ Stored bulbs should be fumigated if mites are present and inspected periodically for storage rots.

■■ Garlic is grown on raised seed beds, on

Dr Twaha Kakooza of Bubajjwe village, Kayunga sub-county, in Kayunga district , a successful garlic farmer.

22 May - June, 2015

Farm Guide

ridges at a spacing of 30cm between rows and 15 - 20cm between plants,which should give a plant population of 150,000200,000 per hectare.

■■ The cloves should be sown 2.5cm deep in well firmed soil.

■■ The seed clove requirement is 500 700kg/ha.

Garlic responds well to organic manure and 20tons/ha can be ploughed into the soil before planting.

Fertilizer requirements for growing the crop vary with soil fertility and therefore the standard fertilizer rate of application of NPK should be 150:55:40kg/ha applied as 1/3N:1P:1/5K. N and K topdressing.

The fertiliser should be applied 6-8 weeks after sowing and final N application should be at the beginning of bulb formation.

Common Pests and Diseases Farmers should also note the most common pests and diseases in garlic growing including; ■■ Purple blotch ■■ Downy mildew ■■ Rust ■■ Bulb rot ■■ Nematodes ■■ Onion thrips.

Control measures

■■ 4year crop rotations ■■ Field hygiene ■■ Good drainage ■■ Removal and destruction of infected and crop debris ■■ Spraying suitable insecticides and fungicides.

Harvesting garlic

■■ The crop matures 6-8 months after sowing. This is shown by the leaves turning yellow or brown. The leaves bend over and dry out.

■■ At this stage, dig the bulbs carefully to avoid damage.

■■ Light and sprouting bulbs should be discarded.

■■ Next, cure the bulbs in open air under shade for 8-10 days until the plants are thoroughly dry.

■■ Dry storage of the bulbs for two months is sufficient to break dormancy.

From the Farm The East Africa Agribusiness Magazine team spoke to one Dr. Kakooza a garlic farmer and the proprietor of Shatwa Mixed Farm in Bubajja village, Kayunga sub county, Kayunga district and this is what he had to say.

I

started this farm in 2004 on a four-acre piece of land. During that time, vanilla prices were soaring so I decided to take advantage of the trend and grow vanilla also. But before my vanilla matured, the prices fell drastically so I decided to cut down all my vanilla after realizing that the venture was not economically viable as its price was not dependable.

Economic viability After realizing that the future of vanilla growing in Uganda was gloomy, I decided to go to South Africa and Brazil to study herbal medicine as well as growing herbs and their different uses.

While in Brazil, I visited a farm that had herbs being grown on large scale, including garlic. After being told by the Brazilian farmer about the purposes and uses of garlic, I picked interest in it.

I did not only take interest in growing the crop, I also did more research about garlic and its economic values, which I discovered were enormous.

When I returned to Uganda in 2011, I was further encouraged when I learned that despite the large market for garlic in the country, most of it was being imported from China, Egypt and South Africa. For a start I began to plant garlic on a small scale. I started with a quarter an acre because seeds were very expensive each kilogram was at Ushs 3,500.

So, in a quarter an acre I used about 2,000 kilos, which I bought at Ushs 7, 000,000 from shops, farmers in South Africa and from local supermarkets.

Lessons learned The price for seed seems a lot but when you learn how to grow it, you realize it is not as much.

When you grow it, the yields are worth about three times the money you invested in buying seed.

But some of the garlic seeds did not germinate as I had mistakenly bought garlic meant for consumption and not for sowing.

It was at this time that I learnt that seed garlic should be harvested when it is at six months though garlic for consumption may be harvested even when it is at four months. But both look the same.

From the quarter acre, I harvested about 2,000 kilograms, which I sold at Ushs 8,800 a kilogram and earned Ushs 17,000,000= I sold it to wholesale dealers in Kampala and other local retail buyers.

After knowing where I had gone wrong during the first time, I increased the size of my garden to 1 acre. From this one, I yielded 4,000 kilograms of garlic from which I earned about Ushs 35,200,000 in six months.

Because garlic seeds are expensive and since the crop needs a lot of irrigation, currently I cannot expand my acreage farther as this would mean spending a lot. I also want to cultivate a small garden I can attend to properly.

Training others Because garlic needs a lot of moisture to develop a full sized bulb, I installed an irrigation system by constructing a water dam and installing a water pump. I use sprinkle and drip irrigation in my garden even when it shines a lot, my crop is not affected. I bought the water pump at Ushs 2.5m and the water pipes at Ushs 720, 000.

Though I use this method of irrigation, watering cans can also be used.

After realising that many Ugandans wanted to grow garlic but lack knowledge on how it is grown, I started training farmers interested in garlic farming.

I conduct trainings for individuals and groups at a fee though I prefer training people in a group as they are easy to train than an individual. As the number of garlic farmers grows, we shall form an association and sell our crop as a group to local buyers in the outside market.

For more information :Dr Twaha Kakooza 0776993187

23 May - June, 2015

Farm Guide

How to Grow Garlic Garlic is used to make a variety of dishes more tasty. It has wonderful health benefits and can be dried to last for a long time. Growing garlic is easy and inexpensive, and one growing season produces so much garlic that you'll have plenty to share with your friends. Read on for information on sourcing garlic to plant, cultivating the garlic, harvesting it at the end of the growing season, and storing it properly. with there tips upward, about 2 inches (5cm) deep into the soil.

The cloves should be spaced about 20cm (8 inches) apart for best growing conditions and are covered with mulch. Suitable toppings include hay, dry leaves, straw, compost, well rotted manure, or well rotted grass clippings.

Fertilizer may be required at the time of planting.

1. Preparation In East Africa, garlic is usually planted from October to February. It grows well in a wide range of climatic conditions but flourishes less in areas of high temperature or humidity, and where there is a lot of rainfall.

Garlic is grown by planting the cloves and needs a lot of full sunshine, but it can tolerate partial shade provided it is in short durations or growing season. The soil must be well dug over and crumbly where Sandy loam is best.

Farmers must ensure that the soil has good drainage and are also encouraged to use compost and manure to add nutrients to the soil before planting the garlic.

A farmer needs to buy fresh garlic preferably from the local farmers market. It’s very important that the garlic bulbs chosen are fresh, dry and of high quality and, if possible, organic garlic which is not sprayed with chemicals.

Keep in mind that each clove planted will sprout into a garlic plant. This should help you to figure out how many heads to buy.

If you have some garlic at home that has sprouted, that’s great to use. Nurseries also offer garlic bulbs for planting.

2. Planting the Garlic Garlic cloves are carefully broken from a fresh garlic head. They are the planted

24 May - June, 2015

3. Caring for Garlic Plants Newly planted garlic needs to be kept moist to help the roots to develop. Don’t apply too much water, as garlic does not grow well, or may even rot, if planted during cold months.

Water deeply once a week if rain has not fallen. Watering garlic is not necessary unless there is a drought, in which case water should be applied sparingly. Reduce the watering gradually as the season warms up. The garlic needs a hot, dry summer to allow the bulbs to mature.

5. Harvesting the Garlic As the garlic plants begin to grow, long green stalks called scapes will emerge and form loops. Pull off a few scapes and eat them if you wish.

This may damage the garlic bulbs themselves, so don’t do it to every plant.

Use gloves when pulling off scapes; otherwise your hands will smell of garlic for days.

Garlic bulbs are ready to be harvested when you can feel the individual cloves in the bulb, and the leaves turn yellow or brown.

Once the scapes start to dry, it is important to harvest the garlic or the head will “shatter” and divide into the individual cloves.

Some warm climates may enable earlier harvesting of garlic.

To harvest, a farmer must loosen the area around each bulb with a shovel and carefully pull the bulbs out of the ground with out causing bruises.

Wash them and leave to dry in a wellventilated space or in the sun for a few days if rain is guaranteed not to fall. Garlic can get sunburned, so don’t leave them outside for too long.

6. Storing Garlic Garlic should be stored in a cool, dry place.

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Food Security

Food prices: Smallholder farmers can be part of the solution

By Godrick Dambyo

Recent price volatility on international markets is putting pressure on global food security. For the 2 billion people who live and work on small farms in developing countries, life has become more precarious. But with the right investment policies and development programmes in place, smallholder farmers have a huge potential to increase food production, improving their lives and contributing to greater food security for all.

T

he roots of the recent food security crisis go back almost 30 years, when investment in agriculture started to decline because of the growing perception that agriculture was unprofitable. In 1979, aid to agriculture was 18 per cent of total assistance. By 2006, it was just 2.9 per cent. Domestically, government investment in agriculture in developing countries also fell, by one third in Africa and by as much as two thirds in Asia and Latin America during this period.

In many developing countries, particularly low-income countries, a policy vacuum accompanied the decrease in investment. Governments dismantled older, costly instruments that had supported agriculture, but did not replace them with new, more effective ones.

In the absence of spending and supportive policies, the growth rate of agricultural productivity began to drop, from some 3.5 per cent in the 1980s to about 1.5 per cent today. Global food stocks also diminished – by about 3.4 per cent a year since 1995.

Today food security is critical. Climate change is expected to reduce the availability of arable land and water. And more agricultural land is being devoted to bio-fuels rather than to food crops.

At the same time, a growing and more affluent world population is raising demand for food. To meet this demand, cereal production will need to rise by an estimated 50 per cent by 2030 and meat production by 85 per cent. The question of who produces this food is crucially important.

Most of the world’s smallholder farmers are struggling to live and to feed their families on less than US$2 a day. Many have not been able to respond to increased demand because they lack access to assets and capital, and they face higher

26 May - June, 2015

transaction costs, which makes it difficult for them to adapt and respond quickly to market developments.

Smallholder farmers do not compete on equitable terms in local, regional or global markets.

Often they lack access to markets because roads are poor or transportation is too expensive. And higher food prices do not always filter down to the farm-gate, where poor farmers often have to sell their produce.

As a result, the increased demand is being met by large commercial farmers in developed and food-exporting countries. From 2007 to 2008,

cereal production in developed countries increased by 11 per cent. Production in developing countries rose by 0.9 per cent in the same period.

And when Brazil, India and mainland China are excluded, production in developing countries actually fell by 1.6 per cent.

Supporting smallholder farmers would not only enhance world food security, but would make a significant dent in poverty. Leaving them out of the equation will push many into greater poverty and hunger.

When people cannot make a living on the land, they are often forced to leave it. This economic

Food Security and can influence national, regional and global policies related to agriculture.

Above all, smallholder farmers need a longThe power of smallholder farms term commitment to agriculture from their own governments and the international community, Smallholder farms are often very efficient in terms of production per hectare, and they have tre- backed up by greater investment. mendous potential for growth. Experience shows Intervention of the international that helping smallholder farmers can contribute to a country’s economic growth and food security. community For example, Vietnam has gone from being a foodIFAD recognizes the need for a concerted, deficit country to a major food exporter, and it is comprehensive and coordinated effort by the now the second largest rice exporter in the world. international community. It played an active role It achieved this largely through development of its in the High Level Task Force on the Global Food smallholder farming sector. In 2007 the poverty Security Crisis, established by the United Nations Secretary-General in April 2008. The task force produced a Comprehensive Framework for Action, which aims to ensure that the international effort is well planned and coordinated. IFAD now hosts the Rome hub of the Secretariat of the task force.

Partnerships are essential in overcoming hunger and addressing food security. IFAD’s key partners are poor rural people and their organizations.

IFAD also works with the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), the World Food Programme (WFP), the World Bank and other partners. In this broad partnership, governments play a key role in guiding international efforts to ensure an effective, efficient and coherent response to the challenge of global food security.

IFAD was set up to help combat rural hunger and poverty. It focuses on strengthening the capacity of poor rural people to respond to and shape the challenges and opportunities they face.

Farmers’ organizations play a key role in defending the interests of poor rural people in an increasingly competitive and global market. Strengthening these organizations is fundamental to the way IFAD works.

During the Eighth Replenishment of IFAD’s rate fell below 15 per cent, compared with 58 per resources in 2008, IFAD’s Member States agreed cent in 1979. Seventy-three per cent of Vietnam’s to contribute US$1.2 billion to the Fund. This population live in rural areas, and agriculture is means that IFAD was able to considerably expand their main source of income. its programme of work up to US$3 billion durSmallholder farmers can contribute to greater ing the period from 2010 to 2012. It continued food supply for the world. But, first, they need secure access to land and water – as well as to rural to strengthen its development effectiveness and expand its investments in sustainable agricultural financial services to pay for seed, tools and fertilizer. They also need roads and transportation to get production in order to guarantee food security, their products to market, and technology to receive nutrition and rural development, and to eliminate and share the latest market information on prices. the root causes of hunger.

And they need stronger organizations, so they can have greater bargaining power in the marketplace migration has implications for social tension, urban poverty and conflict.

Key facts ■■ The world population is expected to grow by 50 per cent by 2050.

■■ Food production will need to rise by 50 per cent by 2030 to meet growing demand.

■■ There are about 500 million small farms in developing countries, supporting almost 2 billion people – one third of humanity.

■■ From 2007 to 2008, the number of undernourished people in the world rose by 40 million to a total of 963 million.

■■ Despite the decline in international prices in the second half of 2008, in December 2008 FAO’s Food Price Index was 28 per cent higher than in 2005. Domestic food prices remain very high in several developing countries affecting access to food of low-income population groups.

■■ Government spending on agriculture in the world’s poorest countries averages 4 per cent of public expenditure.

■■ Development aid to agriculture was 4.6 per cent in 2007, compared with 18 per cent in 1979.

27 May - June, 2015

Agribusiness

Helping farmers in Eastern Uganda to achieve better results

By Allan Hojgaard

Stella Amoding and Agnes Amongin are two typical farmers from the Kanyipa Parish in Bukedea district in Eastern Uganda. In this current season they produce ground nuts and are expecting to harvest their products in June. They are typical farmers and in the prime target group of Excel Hort Consult Ltd (EHC) agricultural development work in Bukedea district. EHC has since 1999 actively worked on value chain improvements and agricultural development working with farmers in Uganda and other countries in East Africa.

B

ukedea district in the Eastern part of Uganda is an area predominantly relying on agricultural activities. The flat plains of the district are gifted with fertile

soils, plenty of sunshine, year round mild temperature and rainfall differentiated in two rainy seasons. First season is usually reliable and with adequate rainfall, and second season

a bit shorter and less reliable. Due to low farm productivity, those people living in the district suffer from periodically food insecurity, poverty and poor livelihoods. People there live for

A savings group secretary carefully taking note at a meeting as group members witness in Kanyipa Parish. Saving in groups encourages individual members to stick to saving plans which helps every farmer to acquire a higher level of security. Excel Hort Consult Ltd takes part in some of these meetings to give inputs, feedback and ideas to the farmers. Groups meet regularly with a meeting frequency between 1 week to 1 month.

28 May - June, 2015

Agribusiness a minimum and have limited possibilities to change their situation by themselves. However, it does not have to be that way. With a business, orientated mind set, access to micro finance, improvements in farming practices farmers would be able to increase their productivity drastically and break the cycle of poverty.

EHC has since 2012 been involved in helping farmers in Bukedea district. The current project with the title Agribusiness Value Chain Development for Improved Livelihoods and Income Security in Kolir Sub County, funded

by Help a Child, Netherlands, focuses on the farmers’ productivity issues. About 400 people, mainly farmers from 16 different farmer groups are included in this project.

Through a participatory approach in the local language, the farmers are trained in various activities to improve their own businesses. For example we train them in business planning and record keeping, skills important for the farmer to have a clear overview of his business, expenses and expected profit.

When the farmer masters those skills, he or she is able to set up a proper business with proper targets. The farmer is suddenly able to look back in time and follow his own improvements. Farmers also benefit from trainings in “saving for production”, skill needed if farmers want to achieve long term goals and expand his business or if he or she want to obtain a loan.

Lack of planning for the future limits the farmer’s ability to save up and make proper investments for the coming growing seasons.

The trainings also focus on their production, and how the farmer can utilize his land in the best possible way. We do our best to give them specific tailor made guidelines to optimize their production. Our experienced local staffs know our farmers at a personal level, they do their outermost to help the farmers to achieve our common goal, increase production and decrease poverty.

The farmers in Bukedea do already have established groups registered at district level or at sub county level. The groups are very practical and are increasing socialising and bonding between farmers. The groups also serve as farmer groups with knowledge and experience sharing, sharing of tools and equipment.

Some groups has formed and developed group savings for increased security for the individual farmers and for future investments. Regular

To make it easy to attend the training, all trainings are done out in the villages. Like here, were the training takes place under a large tree next to their fields.

Stella Amoding and Agnes Amongin, two of the farmers from Kanyipa Parish in Bukedea district in Eastern Uganda. meetings are held, and records of monetary are noted. EHC build on this structure and enrich groups strengthening, improve savings and increase knowledge. EHC is focus the effort on households that already has an established production of some kind.

For the time being four people employed

by EHC are directly involved in the project on an everyday basis. This involves one Agribusiness Development Officer, one Agribusiness Planner, a Regional Manager and an Administrative Assistant. These officers are situated in a modern equipped regional office and

one field office. In corporation, they plan and coordinate all trainings and activities with the farmers and report to Program Coordinators and donor. EHC have a strong corporation with the NGO Share An Opportunity (SAO) who is working in the same area. Knowledge sharing, and sharing recourses are some of the benefits we enjoy from this mutual group of farmers we work with. Current budget for this year’s (2015) activities is more than 60.000 Euros.

Allan Hojgaard is the Regional Manager of Excel Hort Consult Limited, Eastern Uganda.

29 May - June, 2015

Urban farming

Have you heard about Kadogo Kitchen Garden farming?

EA Agribusiness team

Do you know that you can increase your life span by growing your own fruits and vegetables? Homes today, than ever before, relay on food from markets to feed their households. On average, 70% of East Africa’s house holds spend on buying food from urban Markets. Ironically, Homes in rural areas too buy food from markets rather than grow their own.

A

nd, with the increasing rate of urbanisation that has made land such a highly priced asset, most homes can hardly grow food to meet their domestic demand.

However, agriculture is such an enterprising venture that irrespective of the size of the land, a person can grow food and save especially if it is an extended family, by domestically growing fruits and vegetables through backyard farming The East Africa Agribusiness team spoke to Eng, Oliver Ndegwa, from a Kenyan company called Agro Tunnel International the inventor of Kadogo Kitchen Garden.

The Green House Kadogo concept is appropriate for kitchen garden farming, scientific research, seedlings and aquaphonics. All vegetables and fruits can be grown from one green house in a very small space; as small as one square meter beds.

In addition, the land size required is small so does the size of the green house (5x5) meters. This means it is suitable for the urban and peri-urban dwellers. Vegetables and fruits can be grown within 30cm interspacing in the same green house.

One is required to have a plan and prepare adequately in order to venture into this lucrative venture. Once the green house is in place, dig and harrow to a fine tilth, apply organic manure on top of seed bed followed by topping organic fertilizer. The 5x5 meters green house can accommodate at least 150 tomato plants.

Compared to other farming methods, this model enable a farmer manipulate temperature, humidity there by suit any climate. Crops grow faster without direct reliance on rainfall hence more output throughout the year. Poor households in this business have been able to

30 May - June, 2015

A ‘kadogo kitchen garden’ engineered by Agro Tunnel Uganda. increase their purchasing power while saving up to 80% of their grocery budget. Value addition can be done on fruits and vegetables by altering their colour and form thereby increasing the shelf life of perishables. This model reduces post- harvest losses of green produce especially through processing. Value addition promotes food security through provision of nutritious foods throughout the year.

Nutritional benefits reaped from intake of vegetable salads contribute immensely in promoting a healthy household and society. They have a rich supply of minerals and contribute to building a strong immune system. Fruits and vegetables have low caloric content hence suitable for weight loss diets. Once the farmer harvests the Fruits and vegetables products, the family should supplement the family diet and the surplus taken to the market. Marketing the product should be organised and planned to bring commercial value to the farmer.

It is important to identify the potential markets, whether restaurants, Nyamachoma joints or micro-green groceries, for the pre-prepared farming. Packaging and making the product

known by potential customers through advertising will help in selling the product. With about Ushs 2,850,000, one is able to acquire a green house which will give a minimum output of Ushs 3,600,000 in six months. I.e.

10 kgs per plant x 600 plants x Ushs 600/=.

The green house Kadogo for 3m x 6m of 600 plants at a cost of Ushs 2,850,000 is ideal for the farmers who are entering this venture for the first time. It is important to start small, learn, get the experience, know the challenges and expand when you are sure of the venture.

Kachumbari is the local name for vegetable salads commonly made from a combination of vegetable fruits. It can be served cold, raw or sometimes slightly cooked. Kachumbari can be served on its own or accompanying other dishes.

For more information about this topic, contact: Eng. Oliver Ndegwa on +254722520083/ +2547335200 83/+256783141426/+256770520083 Email: agrotunnel@gmail.com Website: www.agrotunnel.tobiasmuma.info/

Urban farming

1

Carrot

Carrots are easy to grow using either method of sowing seed directly in the garden on open ground or through a black plastic mulch. They are easily grown in a raised bed or container garden, as well as the traditional backyard vegetable garden.

Carrot seed need soil that are crumbly and easy broken into so as grow long and slender.

Mix compost and well-aged manure into your garden soil before planting carrot seeds so that your carrots have access to a steady supply on nutrients during the growing season.

Carrots also need a steady supply of water in order to grow properly, and to become sweet and juicy.

2

Tomatoes

Tomatoes are always a good choice when planning a container garden in a sunny location. There are over 7,500 tomato varieties to chose from.

Quality soil is required for tomato growing as well as “tomato cage” for support, preventing the branches from breaking.

Moderate quantities of water and fertilizer are required for better results.

3

Peppers

Peppers not only add a delightful flavor to many dishes such as stir fry but also add an enticing rainbow of color to all your tasty recipes.

Seed are grown indoors transplanting outdoors, at soil temperature of 65 degrees. They need moderate wetness around the roots.

Top 5

Vegetables to grow in your garden A perfectly ripe, juicy tomato, still warm from the sun. Sweet carrots, pulled from the garden minutes (or even seconds!) before they're eaten. Growing your own vegetables is one of those activities that balances practicality and indulgence. In addition to the convenience of having the fixings for a salad or light supper right outside your door (or on your windowsill), when you grow your own vegetables, you're getting the most nutritional bang for your buck as well. Here are 5 simple crops you can grow in your home garden

Pepper plant branches are brittle and break easily, so it is good advice to stake tall plants.

At harvest time, snap or clip with shears, firm ripe peppers from plants as needed. If left on the plant until fully mature, peppers often become larger and turn red. Plants may grow and produce for several seasons in warmer climates.

4

ONIONS

Planting onions in any type of home vegetable garden is simple and easy. It does not take a lot of space in your vegetable garden and there are various delicious varieties to grow.

Onions Seed germinate in 7-10 days and take 120-160 days to harvest. Onions are a delicious compliment to many foods and flavors.

5

Cabbages

Cabbage is easy to grow from seed, though one can chose to transplant. Their seeds are sown indoors, 1/4 inch deep and 2 inches apart In the garden however, the seedlings are planted slightly deeper than they grew in flats.

Space 6 to 12 inches apart in rows 1 to 2 feet apart.

Cabbages need to be wellwatered, you can risk splitting the head if you water too much.

They are harvested when the heads are large, firm and the plant has reached it’s maturity date, you can usually cut out the entire head to harvest. You don’t need the rough outer leaves, just the tighter inner head. Cut through the stalk at soil level.

31 May - June, 2015

Average Commodity Prices: As at Jun 29, 2015 Commodity

Units

Agwedde Beans Apple Bananas Beef Cassava Flour Cavendish (Bogoya) Coffee (Arabica) Coffee (Robusta) Cow Peas Dry Fermented Cassava Exotic Chicken Exotic Eggs Fresh Cassava Goat Meat Groundnuts Irish Potatoes Kayiso Rice Local Chicken Local Eggs Maize Flour Maize Grain Matooke Matooke (kg) Milk Millet Flour Millet Grain Nambale Beans Nile Perch

Orange Fleshed Sweet Potatoes

Pineapples Pork Processed Honey Simsim Sorghum Flour Sorghum Grain Soya Beans Sun Dried Cassava Sunflower Super Rice Tilapia Turkey Unprocessed Honey Unprocessed Tea Upland Rice

White Fleshed Sweet Potatoes

Yellow Beans

kg kg kg kg

Average RP 2,300 2,200 8,550 1,100

WP 2,000 1,700 7,600 900

kg kg kg kg kg bird tray kg kg kg kg kg bird tray kg kg bunch kg litre kg kg kg kg kg whole kg kg kg kg kg kg kg kg kg whole bird kg kg kg kg kg

3,200 5,000 3,000 3,750 750 12,700 9,500 1,150 9,700 4,150 1,450 2,800 18,550 16,100 1,750 950 18,000 1,350 1,300 2,600 1,700 2,200 11,400 950 2,200 8,350 14,050 4,400 1,900 1,250 2,350 850 1,050 3,300 8,500 46,300 9,300 5,000 2,800 1,300 2,450

2,500 4,500 2,500 3,250 650 10,700 8,350 850 8,750 3,700 1,200 2,550 15,600 13,350 1,500 800 14,950 1,100 1,150 2,250 1,450 1,900 9,500 800 1,700 7,300 11,950 3,700 1,650 1,000 2,050 700 950 3,000 7,350 39,700 7,800 4,000 2,500 950 2,100

Central RP 2,000 2,150 8,700 1,100

WP 1,550 1,500 7,000 800

Eastern RP 2,000 2,200 8,750 1,050

WP 1,750 1,650 8,000 850

4,150

Northern RP 2,550 2,900 8,750 1,200

WP 2,450 2,400 8,150 1,050

Western RP 2,250 1,650 8,200 1,050

WP 1,850 1,300 7,500 850

3,100

2,800 5,000

2,200 4,500

3,200

2,700

2,650

2,100

4,900

4,350

3,100 650 12,200 8,900 1,150 9,500 3,900 1,000 2,600 14,350 12,450 1,750 950 20,000 1,200 1,250 2,100 1,700 2,150 10,500

2,650 550 11,200 8,100 900 8,600 3,400 850 2,300 12,150 10,800 1,550 850 16,900 950 1,050 1,850 1,500 1,800 9,250

2,300 8,500 13,200 4,300 1,550 1,050 2,000 650 1,100 3,300 8,900 41,900 8,150

1,750 7,750 12,200 3,700 1,250 850 1,700 600 1,000 3,000 7,750 38,000 6,900

2,650 800 13,000 11,100 1,000 9,250 4,200 1,900 2,750 19,250 18,400 2,000 950 20,750 1,700 1,400 2,650 1,450 2,450 12,650 1,000 2,750 8,100

2,400 750 11,000 9,200 850 8,800 3,850 1,650 2,600 17,400 15,750 1,750 850 18,450 1,600 1,250 2,300 1,300 2,300 11,650 900 2,400 7,650

3,550 1,650 1,000 2,000 800 1,050 3,500 11,550 17,150 10,000

2,950 1,550 750 1,750 700 950 3,100 10,400 12,500 8,250

3,000 3,500 800 13,150 8,700 1,150 9,850 3,850 1,600 3,000 17,000 15,100 1,500 850 14,400 1,500 1,200 2,750 1,850 2,200 10,400 700 1,750 8,300 15,600 5,400 2,200 1,600 2,500 1,000

2,800 700 10,650 8,000 950 8,950 3,500 1,350 2,650 14,950 13,300 1,300 700 11,400 1,200 1,050 2,500 1,550 1,950 8,750 600 1,400 7,550 11,400 4,100 1,950 1,300 2,100 800

12,450 9,300 1,150 10,000 4,550 1,350 2,850 22,800 19,200 1,900 1,000 18,600 1,000 1,400 2,750 1,800 2,050 12,000 1,000 2,300 8,650

10,250 8,200 800 8,450 3,950 1,050 2,550 17,550 14,200 1,550 850 14,750 750 1,150 2,200 1,600 1,550 8,950 750 1,450 6,500

5,200 1,950 1,450 2,950 950

4,450 1,650 1,150 2,550 750

3,350 6,950 67,500

3,000 5,800 55,850

3,200 7,850

2,900 6,600

5,000 2,950 1,000 2,250

4,000 2,650 650 1,800

10,000

9,000

2,500 1,350 2,600

2,250 950 2,200

2,700 1,650 2,600

2,550 1,200 2,350

2,850 1,200 2,500

2,500 950 2,100

FIT Uganda Ltd Promoting Innovation in Business Services

The markets in the table above are representative of our collection points therefore for more information on daily prices of the above commodities to could reach us on Email: info@fituganda.com, Tel:- +256414 532 393, Toll free 080020855 To subscribe to the weekly prices on email:- send your request to infotrade@fituganda.com To receive information on your phone send the request to 8555 e. g Coffee Masaka send to 8555

Expert view With Solomon Kalema MUSISI, The East Africa Agribusiness Magazine

Fisheries profits most deterred by poor post-harvest handling- Part One In a country where about 20% of the land surface is covered by water, fisheries sector is undoubtedly a key source of income to exploit. The exports from Uganda’s fisheries as percentage of total exports has taken a negative trend in recent years with a drop from 15.2% in 2006 to 9.3% in 2007 and to 7.2% in 2008 as recorded by the Uganda National Bureau of Statistics in 2009. Could that be as a result of reduced biodiversity in Uganda? Could it be due to lack of adequate fishing equipment? Could it be due to illegal fishing activities? The list of contributing factors goes on. Let’s examine one of the major bottlenecks; high perishability of fish.

Vulnerability of fish Fish spoils faster than other foodstuffs including beef and chicken for reasons that are in the nature of the fish which is characterised by: High moisture content, High fat content, High protein content and weak muscle tissue As soon as a fish dies, a number of chemical and biological processes begin to occur in the body of the fish leading to spoilage at rate far much higher than in other foodstuffs.

Fish contains large amounts of fatty acids that are unsaturated, making it possible for free radical oxidation to take place.

Fish is therefore easily spoilt under conditions of Ambient temperature and Unhygienic handling

Crucial components of fish Component

Use

Long Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (LCPUFAs)

Vital for prevention of diseases of old age

Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (PUFAs) (highly present in Nile Perch)

General health improvement

How fish is spoilt One of the most detrimental processes, oxidation, takes place on the lipid content of

fish due to the presence of large quantities of Long Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in fish leading to decrease in triacyglycerols and phosopholids and an increase in free fatty acids.

This is the process that leads to the off flavours in fish.

Spoilage is also caused by

■■ Bacterial activity on the urea, turning it into ammonia and also giving off bad odour ■■ Rodents and insects ■■ Action of enzymes on other components of the fish

Global effect of fish spoilage Losses in fish are ■■ Estimated at 10 to 12 million tonnes globally ■■ Account for around 10% of global capture and cultured fish.

How to distinguish spoilt fish Spoilt fish shows, among other signs, Change in colour of eyes, gills and skin, Change in texture, Softening of the muscles and offensive odour

How to combat fish spoilage Soon after harvesting the fish, ensure to lower the temperature of its environment to zero degrees using ice in a container. This pro-

cess is what is referred to as chilling.

How is chilling different from freezing?

Under freezing, the fish is kept in controllable refrigeration equipment like fridges to enhance crystallisation of the water in the fish which takes place at -40 oC. Afterwards, the fish is maintained at about -18 oC up to the point of sale.

Fish can also be preserved using traditional methods including; Smoking, Deep frying, Sun drying, Drip drying and salting as well as more modern methods like icing and canning Governments need to engage community-led organisations and fishing populations in sensitisation projects regarding these largely ignored facts that undermine both quality and quantity of fish that can be marketed and also invest in ■■ Regular inspection of fish landing sites ■■ Setting up more toilet facilities at the sites to reduce possibilities of contamination ■■ Hygienic handling of material.

■■ Use of good quality ice and water.

■■ Maintenance of high standards of personnel hygiene and cleanliness.

■■ Regular cleaning of both landing and processing centres ■■ Availing cold storage facilities for poorer fishing communities especially in rural locations

Opinion

Can Climate Smart Agriculture work for our smallholder farmers?

Today we are increasingly finding ourselves facing converging food and climate challenges at an alarming rate. Globally, the International Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) predicts that food insecurity will rise by between 15-40 percent by the year 2050. Agriculture is a sector that is immensely vulnerable to the impacts of climate change; hence it is important that the smallholder farmers are enabled to build farming practices that can make them more resilient to such changes.

I

t is therefore imperative that our agriculture and the food system are reformed in such a way that they; ■■ Are more resilient to the impacts of climate change and other shocks and crises.

Some of these shocks and crises include among others; escalating food prices, deforestation and depletion of other natural resources.

■■ Able to contribute less to the global climate change.

■■ Ensuring people’s right to food through appropriate levels of production including distribution and equitable access.

This new unique role of agriculture brings a new paradigm shift and unleashes an array of bottlenecks which rotate around key techni-

34 May - June, 2015

By Enoth Mbeine, Director/ Senior Technical Advisor, Business Development Services, FIT Uganda Ltd

cal, environmental, social, and economic issues. Many of the relevant stakeholders i.e. researchers, civil society, private sector, government and policy makers are now grappling with ensuring food security in a climateconstrained environment! This is a complete nexus of events.

The World Agroforestry Center (ICRAF) policy brief (2011) mentions three key constraints for our smallholder farmers who are usually more vulnerable to the climate shocks. The constraints include among others the following; ■■ The smallholder farmers finding it hard to innovate and invest in better management systems especially when they are preoccupied

Opinion

with finding other means of survive.

■■ Adapting the best Climate Smart Agricultural practices which is a costly venture for smallholder farmers. It also usually takes a lot of time to achieve the desired benefits.

■■ Since many smallholder farmers have limited access to markets and finance, their ability to come up with creative and innovative systems for Climate Smart Agriculture to be able to raise their income is hampered.

But all hope is not lost for the smallholder farmers. There are some small management and appropriate changes than can be adopted which could in turn have significant growth in income and livelihood benefits. The ICRAF policy brief (“Making Climate Smart Agriculture work for the poor, 2011”) highlights some interesting recommendations that could help in overcoming the challenges to having the smallholder farmers adapt to Climate

Smart Agriculture; The first is to hold the relevant stakeholders in the agricultural sector accountable, so that they can gear towards providing an enabling legal and political environment. The relevant institutions should spearhead this.

There should be improved market accessibility for the smallholder farmer produce. This can be fostered through improving infrastructure such as roads, market outlets etc. Collective marketing initiatives through producer marketing groups can play a key role here.

The argument is that once a farmer’s income is enhanced, this reduces their vulnerability to climate change.

Another mitigation strategy would be helping improve access to knowledge and training opportunities. Agricultural Market information can play a key role here. Market infor-

mation on prices can help the smallholder farmers make informed decisions of when to sell or store their produce. This reduces their vulnerability. The farming tips and weather information can guide the farmers on when to plant or harvest their produce. The trainings can also enhance good management practices which would in turn increase adoption rates.

Streamlining land ownership can also play a critical role in fostering smallholder farmers to adopt Climate Smart Agriculture best practices. This tends to have a significant effect on the farmers’ willingness to invest in their land hence improving productivity. When the farmers have proper ownership of the land, there is a tendency to have increased investments in crop diversity, improved livestock, soil conservation and even the confidence to engage in agroforestry.

It is common knowledge that when you have outright ownership of an asset, you tend to make long-term investments!

Adapting to new improved management practices by the smallholder farmers will provide enormous benefits aimed at achieving Climate Smart Agriculture. These new improved systems can help in overcoming the barriers of high opportunity costs to land.

Another key strategy for overcoming the challenges to introducing Climate Smart Agriculture is that of helping to improve access to farm inputs and financial products.

Agribusiness support agencies should design projects focusing on such interventions.

The financial and insurance institutions should also design tailor-made products for the farmers to enhance access to capital and agricultural insurance products. Such interventions would go a long way in helping to minimize associated risks hence overcoming the investment gaps that have previously hindered the adoption of climate-smart agricultural best practices.

In conclusion, all efforts by agricultural support agencies and other key players in the sector should aim at adaptation, mitigation and ultimately ensure the fundamental right to food for all people through appropriate levels of production including proper and efficient distribution and equitable access of resources. Once this is achieved, then we can all confidently say that Climate Smart Agriculture is the real deal!

35 May - June, 2015

Uganda National Roads Authority

Infrastructure Development

Plot 5 Lourdel Road, Nakasero | P. O. Box 28487, Kampala- Uganda

Implementation of the NRM Manifesto 2011-2016 The NRM commitments under the Works and Transport Sector are detailed in Manifesto 2011-2016 on pages 160 -173. The commitments are aimed at improving access to transport infrastructure and services in the rural and urban areas.

T

he current government policy on the transport sector is to invest substantially in the road, water, rail and air transport with the ultimate aim of reducing the cost of doing business and making

Uganda the preferred investment destination.

Since 2011 the paved network on National roads has increased from 2800Km to over 4000km today. Currently there are 2000km under construction and another 1,000Km is

scheduled to start this year. A total of 6 new ferries are now operational and another 5 will be delivered by the end of 2015.

Progress of road rehabilitation/strengthening projects No.

Road Project

Progress

1

Busega – Mityana (57Km)

Completed in July 2012 funded by the GoU

2

Kampala- Kalerwe (Dualing) 1.5Km

Completed in August 2011 funded by the World Bank and GoU

3

Kalerwe-Gayaza (13Km) (rehabilitation)

Completed in August 2011 funded by the World Bank and GoU

4

Bugiri – Malaba/Busia (82Km)

Completed in December 2013 funded by the GoU

5

Kampala - Masaka – Mbarara – Katuna (416Km)

Masaka – Mbarara Road (148km) section; completed in August 2012 funded by EU. Kampala – Nsangi and Kamengo – Lukaya Road (63 km) section; completed in July 2012 funded

by GoU. Nsangi – Kamengo and Lukaya – Masaka Road (51km) section, substantially completed. Funded

by GoU Mbarara (Buteraniro) – Ntungamo (Rwentobo) section (59Km) substantially complete and Ntungamo – Katuna Road section (65Km) – 95% works completed; completion is expected in June 2015.

Funded by EU and GoU. Mbarara Bypass (40Km)– 20% works completed. Completion expected by June 2016. Funded by EIB and GoU

6

Tororo – Mbale – Soroti (152km)

Tororo – Mbale section – substantially completed; Mbale – Soroti section – substantially completed; Works funded by GoU. This road is part World Bank funded project for Output Performance Road Contract (OPRC) for maintaining the road for a period of 10 year.

7

Jinja – Kamuli (58Km)

All major works completed. Project funded by the GoU

8

Jinja - Mukono road (52Km)

81% of works completed. Completion is expected in June 2015.

9

Kafu – Karuma-Gulu (GoU)

Kafu-Kiryandongo (43Km); 40% of works completed. Road to be completed by June 2015.

Kiryandongo – Karuma – Kamdini road (58km) 11.86% of works completed, Kamdini – Gulu road (62km) Mobilisation completed. Project scheduled to be completed by May 2016.

10

Lira – Kamdini – Gulu (128Km)

Lira – Kamdini is part of North Eastern Road Asset Management Project intended to maintain the road for 10 years. The loan for the implementation of the NERAMP was approved by the Parliament of Uganda on 17th December 2014. Advertising of works bids is expected by March 2015.

11

Mukono – Kayunga - Njeru (94Km)

This is a design and build pavement recycling project. Contract for civil works commenced on 29 January 2015 to design and works are scheduled to commence by July 2015.

12

Kawempe – Kafu 166Km)

85% of the works completed. Works are scheduled to be completed by June 2015.

36 May - June, 2015

Ongoing works on Gulu-Kamdini Road.

Completed Hoima - Kaiso - Tonya Road

Construction for upgrading to paved standard This category includes roads for upgrading to paved standard No. 1 2

3 4 5

6

7 8

9 10

11

Road Progress Matugga – Semuto – Kapeeka (41Km) Completed in February 2011 with funding from the NORDIC Development Fund Gayaza – Zirobwe- Wobulenzi (66Km) Gayaza – Zirobwe (31km) Completed in August 2011 funded by the World Bank and. The GoU. Zirobwe- Wobulenzi (25km), the design review is ongoing expected to be completed by May 2015. The review is being funded by the World Bank.

Kabale – Kisoro – Bunagana/Kyanika Completed in September 2012 with funding from AfDB and the GoU (101Km) Fort Portal – Bundibugyo – Lamia Completed in February 2014 funded by the AfDB and the GoU. (103km) Nyakahita – Ibanda – Kamwenge – Nyakahita – Kazo road (68Km)AfDB/ GoU): Completed in June 2013.

Fort Portal (208Km) Kazo – Kamwenge road (75Km)AfDB/GoU): Completed March 2014 Kamwenge – Fort Portal (65Km)IDA/WB/GoU): 40% of works completed. Completion expected

by July 2016.

Mbarara – Kikagati - Murongo Works on the main Mbarara-Kigagati – Murongo Bridge Road were substantially completed in Bridge(74km)GoU) June 2014.

The contractor is currently working on the following additional works:- Nyamitanga-Katete road (4kms), Isingiro-Rwebicucu road (6.1Kms), Mbarara-Diocece Access road (2kms), access road to Kikagati Town (1.5kms), Murongo Bridge approach road and the parking lot at Murongo Boarder.

These works will be completed by end of April 2015.

Hoima – Kaiso – Tonya (92Km) Works were substantially completed on 13th December 2014 with funding from the GoU. Gulu – Atiak – Bibia (Sudan border) Atiak – Gulu road (74km) WB/GoU):- 95% of the road works had been completed by December (104Km) 2014. The Project will be substantially completed by April 2015.

Atiak – Nimule road (35km) JICA/GoU): 42% of the road works have been completed. Works expected to be completed by June 2016.

Vurra – Arua – Koboko – Oraba 98% of the road works had been completed by April 2014. Works will be substantially completed (92Km)WB/GoU)

by June 2015.

Ntungamo – Kakitumba - Mirama Hills Ishaka – Kagamba (35km)GoU): 60% of the road works completed by April 2015. Works expected to be completed by December 2015. / Ishaka –Kagamba (72Km) Ntungamo – Kakitumba /Mirama Hills (37Km) GoU/TMEA): Works commenced on 15th September 2014 scheduled to be completed by September 2016.

Moroto – Nakapiripirit (93Km) GoU) 65% of the road works completed. Project is expected to be completed by January 2016.

Infrastructure Development 12

Atiak – Moyo – Afoji (92Km) GoU)

13

Jinja - Buwenda –Mbulamuti – Kamuli (80Km) Namutumba- Bulange-Bugiri-Muterere To be designed in FY2015/16 Mayuge-Mbaale-Nakivumbi-BugiriTo be designed in FY2015/16 Namayingo-Lugala Wakitaka-Bugembe-Kakira (20Km) To be designed in FY2015/16

14 15 16

The 6 box culverts and 2 bridges (Ayugi and Eri) were completed. Works on the 2 land sites (Laropi & Umi) is substantially complete.

Design completed – funding for works being sought

Roads for upgrading to tarmac No.

Road

Remarks

1

Mukono – Kyetume – Katosi/ Kisoga – Nyenga (74Km) (GoU)

The new contract was signed on 12th January 2015 and works are ongoing.

2

Mpigi – Kabulasoke – Maddu – Sembabule (135Km) GoU

Mpigi – Kanoni (64Km) 15% of works completed. Project completion is expected by November 2017.

Kanoni – Sembabule – 71 Km: Works commenced on 9th September 2014 and are expected to be completed by September 2017.

3

Villa Maria – Sembabule (38Km) (GoU)

This road is being implemented under the same contract of Kanoni – Sembabule road. The contractor commenced in September 2015.

4

Olwiyo- Gulu- Kitgum- Musingo (233Km) (GoU)

The project is being implemented under 3 different contracts as follows: - Olwiyo (Anak) – Gulu (70.3 Kms), Gulu -Acholibur (77kms) and Acholibur – Musingo (86.4kms). All the 3 contracts commenced in September 2014 and are scheduled to be completed by September 2017.

5

Musita – Lumino – Busia/Majanji (104Km) (GoU)

The contractor commenced on 15th September 2014 and works are scheduled to be completed by end of September 2017.

6

Mubende – Kagadi – Kakumiro/ Ndaiga (134Km) (GoU)

Works to be implemented under a design and build contract. Evaluation of bids was completed but award of contract has been delayed by the repeated administration reviews arising out of complaints.

7

Masaka- Bukakata (41Km) (BADEA/ OFID and GoU)

Evaluation of works bids completed and contract awarded.

8

Kyenjojo- Hoima-Masindi-Kigumba (240Km)

Kigumba- Masindi – Hoima– Kabwoya (135Km) AfDB/GoU). Works to be implemented under 2 contracts; Kigumba – Bulima; Evaluation of bids completed, awaiting ADB approval Bulima-Kabwoya; Contract awarded Kabwoya – Kyenjojo (105km). Contract awarded. Awaiting Parliamentary approval of the loan before signing the contract.

9

Tirinyi - Pallisa – Kumi/Pallisa – Mbale (111Km) (IDB/GoU)

Prequalification of contractors was completed; the report was submitted to Islamic Development Bank (IDB) for approval. Works to commence by September 2015.

10

Mbale –Bubulo –Magale/Lwakhakha (41Km) (AfDB/ GoU)

Prequalification evaluation report was submitted to AfDB for no objection. Works to commence

by September 2015.

11

Rukungiri-Kihihi – Ishasha/Kanungu (74Km) (AfDB/ GoU)

12

Kapchorwa – Suam (77Km)

Design was completed. This project is going to be funded by AfDB under the regional projects funding arrangement.

13

Muyembe-Nakapiripit (92Km)

The loan for the project was approved by IDB and Parliament. Advance procurement of the contractor will commence in June 2015.

14

Hoima – Wanseko (111Km)

The design was completed. Procurement of the contractor commenced and works are expected to commence by July 2015.

15

Soroti- Katakwi- Moroto- Lokitanyala (208Km)

The design completed. Procurement of the contractor under Contractor Facilitator Financing is ongoing.

16

Rwenkunye – Apac – Lira – Kitgum– Musingo (350Km)

The design was completed. Submitted application for funding to IDB

17

Moroto- Kotido (101Km)

The design was completed. Government is seeking for funds to construct the road.

18

Namagumba- Budadiri- Nalugugu (30Km)

Design Complete, funding for works being sought

19

Kamuli- Bukungu (64Km)

Design Complete, funding for works being sought

20

Luwero-Kiwoko-Butalangu (32Km)

Design Complete, project has been forwarded to BADEA for funding

21

Nebbi-Goli (14Km)

The design is ongoing

22

Ocoko-Inde (33Km)

Design Complete, funding for works being sought

23

Mityana-Kanoni (37Km)

Design Complete, funding for works being sought

38 May - June, 2015

Infrastructure Development No.

Road

Remarks

24

Kyegegwa-Kazo (87Km)

Design Complete, funding for works being sought

25

Atiak – Moyo – Afoji (104Km)

Design Complete, funding for works being sought

26

Buwaya-Kasanje-Mpigi-Kibibi-Mityana Procuring design consultant – designs to commence by July 2015 (90km)

27

Kayunga – Galiraya (88.5Km)

28

Hamurwa-Kerere-Kanungu/BulemaProcuring design consultant – services expected to commence in July 2015 Buhoma-Butogota-Hamayanja-IfashaIkumba (149Km)

29

Katine-Kalaki-Lwala-KaberamaidoOcero

Consultant procured - designs to commence February 2015

30

Namalu-Nabilatuk-Lokapel (45Km)

Draft designs submitted and final design expected in June 2015.

31

Ishasha-Katunguru (88Km)

Design consultants are being procured – designs expected to commence by July 2015.

32

Kabale-Bunyonyi (8Km)

33

Kisoro-Mgahinga Gate (14Km)

34

Kisoro-Nkuringo/Bwindi (40Km)

35

Namutumba-Butaleja to Nabumali (85Km)

Draft designs submitted; final design report expected in June 2015.

Construction of Bridges This category in the Manifesto (Pg 166 VIII) had 17 bridges on the national roads network. By April 2015, 10 bridges had been completed, construction of 9 Bridges (including the new Nile bridge) was ongoing.

No. 1

Bridge 2nd Nile bridge at Jinja (JICA/ GoU);

2 3

14

Aswa bridge on Gulu – Kitgum Road; Bulyamusenyu bridge connecting Nakaseke to Masindi district Awoja bridge along Mbale – Soroti road; Muzizi bridge connecting Kibale to Kyenjojo district; Apak bridge in Lira district; Nsongi bridge in Kabarole district; Nyamugasane bridge in Kasese district A bridge on R. Semliki connecting to DRC; Nsongya Bridge in Kabalore District Alla and Enyao Bridges in Arua (BADEA) Pakwala, Nyacara, Goli and Nyagak Bridges in Nebbi (BADEA) Daca, Ure, Envetre and Uzurungo Bridges on Arua–Wandi–Yumbe road.

Mitaano Bridge in Kanungu

15

Ntungwe Bridge in Kanungu

16 17 18 19 20

Birara Bridge Nalakasi & Lopei in Karamoja Karuma Bridge across the Nile Masindi Port Bridge across the Nile Kasozi (Lugogo) Bridge linking Ngoma to Buluri Maliba – Nkenda – Bugoye – Nyakalingigo road in Kasese

4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13

21

Progress Physical works commenced in April 2014, 10% of works have been completed. The bridge is expected to be completed by April 2018 The bridge was completed in September 2011.

The bridge was completed in September 2012.

The bridge was completed in December 2013.

The bridge was completed in June 2012 Completion expected by June 2015 The bridge was completed in June 2011.

Contract awarded Design complete – soliciting funds for works The bridge was completed in 2010 75% of works completed Works ongoing more than 50% complete. Final completion expected by June 2016.

Works completed March 2014 Physical works commenced in January 2015 scheduled to be completed by August 2016.

Designs completed and physical works commenced in January 2015 scheduled to be completed

by August 2016.

70% of works completed, final completion expected by June 2015.

Procurement of contractor ongoing.

Designs completed, funds for works being sought Designs completed, funds for works being sought Design consultant procured Contract awarded

39 May - June, 2015

Infrastructure Development No. 22 23 24 25 26 27

Bridge Ruboni access to Mt Magaritta tourist Site Kasese Kyanzuki – Kasese Kilembe road Cido – Nebbi – Goli Nebbi district Nyalit and Seretyo on Kapchorwa Suam Leresi (Butaleja) Butaleja – Leresi – Budaka road Kabaale (linking Kyankwanzi to Ngoma in Nakaseke)

Progress Contract awarded 70% of works completed, final completion expected by June 2015.

Physical works commenced in November 2014. Works expected to be completed by December 2015 Physical works commenced in November 2014 and are expected to be completed by November 2016 The contract for civil works was signed in December 2014 and expected to be completed in June 2016.

Contract awarded and to be completed by February 2017

Capacity improvement/ Dual Carriageway This category of pledges (163 IV&V) had 4 roads for capacity improvement/ construction of dual carriage ways radiating from Kampala. By December 2014, works on 2 projects (Kampala – Entebbe Express Highway and Kampala Northern by Pass) was ongoing. Detailed Designs for Jinja-Kampala Express way was completed, while for Kampala – Mpigi the consultant has submitted the draft detailed designs.

No. 1 2

Road Project Kampala – Entebbe Express Highway with spur to Munyonyo (51Km) Kampala Northern Bypass (21Km)

3

Kampala - Jinja (77 Km)

4

Kibuye - Busega - Mpigi (30Km)

5

Other capacity improvement roads not in Manifesto Kampala Southern Bypass (18 Km)

6

Kampala – Bombo (35Km)

Progress 35% of works completed; project is expected to be completed by November 2017. Funding is by a loan from China Exim Bank and the GoU. Works commenced on 14th July 2014 for a period of 3 years, expected to be completed by end of July 2017. Project is funded by the EU, the European Investment Bank and GoU. Detailed Engineering design completed Construction will be financed under PPP. Transactions Advisor (International Finance Cooperation) is assisting in structuring the project into a bankable PPP Project. Tendering for financing and implementation is expected in April 2015.

Detailed Engineering design is ongoing and will be completed by March 2015. The Project has been presented to AfDB and China Exim Bank for possible funding.

Detailed Engineering design is ongoing and will be completed by June 2015. Construction will be financed under PPP. The Contract for detailed design was signed in January 2015. Designs to commenced in March 2015. Construction will be financed under PPP.

Ferries The following ferries were provided: ■■ Obongi-Moyo-Sinyanya ferry ■■ Lwampanga (Zengebe-Namasale) – Namasale-Amolatar ■■ Mbulamuti (Bugobero-Kamuli) – Kasana (Kayunga) ■■ Bukakata (Masaka)- Luuku (Kalangala) – 2 ferries ■■ Laropi (Moyo)- Umi (Adjumani) ■■ Contract for Second Ferry for Namasale -Zengebe crossing has been signed and expected to be delivered by Dec. 2015.

■■ Contract for the new ferry for the Wanseko-Panyimur crossing was signed and expected to be delivered by Dec. 2015 ■■ The new Ferry for Bugiri – Sigulu – Dolwe Islands crossings was retreaded because there was no responsive bidder. It has been readvertised and the contract is expected to be signed by June 2015.

■■ Kiyindi – Buvuma Islands Ferry crossing: Rehabilitation of the old Bukakata ferry com-

40 May - June, 2015

MV Ssese Ferry connecting Masaka and Kalangala Districts menced and will be completed by June 2015.

■■ Rhino Camp – Amuru Ferry Crossing: Construction of ferry landing sites is ongoing

and will be completed by April 2015. Refurbishment of the old ferry demobilised from Laropi is ongoing.

IAL EC ON SP ITI ED

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