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ISJM THE CONDITION OF PERIPHERAL BLOOD OF RATS, WHICH BADGERED

BY HEAVY METALS Dolayev Zh., Nurmakhan E., Aryntai T. E-mail: zharas92@mail.ru Supervisors: Professor A.N. Nurmukhambetov, Associate Professor M.K. Balabekova, Department of Pathological Physiology Kazakh National Medical University named after S.D. Asfendiyarov

Purpose of study Under the conditions of anthropogenic pollution of the environment a person is exposed to combined effects of metals. Due to the rapid development of road transport, oil-producing and chrome industry, high prevalence and prioritize of environmental pollution takes lead, chromium and vanadium. The toxic effects of many xenobiotics decrease the number of red and white blood cells. The condition of the hematopoietic system of the body can be considered as markers of adverse environmental impact. In connection with the above, the purpose of this research was to study the combined effects of chromium and vanadium to the blood system of adult rats.

Materials and methods The experiments were performed on 20 white male rats weighing 180-220 g, which were kept under the standard conditions of vivarium on a normal diet. Two series of experiments were performed: the 1st control animals, and the 2nd - experimental animals, which received potassium dichromate (BC) and ammonium vanadate (VA) orally for two weeks, using a metal probe at a dose of 5 mg / kg. Control animals received an equal volume of saline.

Experiments on animals were performed with compliance of bioethical rules.

Determination of indicators of rats’ peripheral blood was performed at the medical center "Immunodiagnostic".

Determined: the total number of

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leukocytes, the absolute and relative number of lymphocytes, neutrophils, erythrocytes, hemoglobin, color index (by conventional methods). Staining the smears of bone marrow by RomanowskyGiemsa was performed in the laboratory of pathomorphology in Science Center of Surgery named after A.N. Syzganov. And also was consulted in the Scientific Center of Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery MoH. Procedures for statistical analysis were performed using the statistical packages as SAS 9.2, STATISTICA 10 and SPSS-20. The critical level of statistical significance in testing the null hypothesis was taken to be equal to 0.05 or 0.1. In case of exceeding the achieved level of significance, the null hypothesis was accepted.

Descriptive statistics are presented in the text as M Âą s, where M - mean, and s standard error of the mean. The significance of the results of research were taken in cases of p <0.05.

Results and Discussion The values of variables in the control and experimental groups were compared to reject the null and to accept the alternative hypothesis. This values were selected from general set of variables, using criterion of Wilcoxon, Kruskal-Wallis, Van der Waerden.

The normality of data distribution was taken if value of p higher than 5%.

As a result of two-weeks badgering with heavy metals compounds in dose of 5 mg/kg, the total number of leukocytes in

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Issue 03 / November 2013 peripheral blood of animals was reduced on 40.2%, mainly due to the absolute and relative number of lymphocytes. So, the average value (s) of the relative amount of lymphocytes of badgered rats was 60.5 (7.6) that is less for 22.6% (p = 0.0001) from control level. The absolute number of lymphocytes reduced for 55,3% from control level. Increasing of relative and absolute amount of monocytes in blood of experiment rats was statistically significant (Ń&#x20AC;=0,0006).

The average content of erythrocytes and hemoglobin (6.1 (0.2) and 12.4 (1.1)) of badgered rats compared with those of control animals (at a significance level of p = 0.0001) was reduced by 24 7% and 12.0% respectively. The coefficient of variation (CV) of erythrocytes equal to 15.2% of the control animals was more variable than in the experimental animals.

While hemoglobin variability (CV = 8,8%) was 3.7 times higher than the control (CV = 2,4%).

Differences of color indicators for control and experience were not statistically significant.

The cytological research of the femur puncture showed that hematopoietic organs of control rats contained round nuclear cells, neutrophil and eosinophil myelocytes, polynuclear neutrophils and eosinophils, normoblasts and giant cells.

The main mass of cells in the bone marrow consisted of round nuclear cells and polynuclears. Mononuclear cells were quite varied, their small nuclei were located centrally or eccentrically, in some cases, completely fills the cell.

Neutrophil granulation was not very rich, but eosinophilic - well expressed.

Basophils had a round or lobate core.

Giant cells with a homogeneous plasma

and numerous central lying small nuclei were seen rarely. Normoblasts had typical nucleus and protoplasm. Nucleus of eosinophils and neutrophils are formed on the type of ring.

Cytological research of the bone marrow of experimental rats revealed heamotoxical effect of vanadium and chromium. So, the punctate of bone marrow was meager, represented by singe granulocytic cells without nuclear. Megakaryocytes was not revealed.

The combined using of salts of heavy metals led to hypoplasia of bone marrow due to reduction of immature and mature granulocytes, lymphocytes and megakaryocytes.

Conclusion Thus, it can be concluded that the effects of heavy metals in the animals was accompanied by development in peripheral blood lymphopenia with leukopenia, anemia, hypoplasia of bone marrow due to reduction of mature and immature granulocytes, lymphocytes and megakaryocytes.

Literature 1.

Trachtenberg I.M, Tychinin V.A, Talakin Y.N . The problem

of exogenous toxic effects of low intensity / / 2 Journal of Medical Sciences. 1991. - â&#x201E;&#x2013; 2. - P.5-12.

2.

E.L Levitsky, Gubskii Y.I, Marchenko A.N Primak R.G, A.G

goryushko . Correction of defeats of the nuclear genome with antioxidants in toxic liver damage / / Modern. Toxicology. -1998.

2-N. -p. 16-17.

3.

Eropkin M. Smirnova, T.D, E.M Yeropkina. Metabolic

activation with minimal toxic doses of xenobiotics as an acute pattern of acute cytotoxic Answer of human fibroblasts in culture / / Toxicol.vestnik . -1999.vesttnik -N 1. -p 16-21 4.

Galiyev S.A, Gallo R.S .Effect of exhaust gases on the

adaptive reactions of sensitized body. Materials of the International Conference "Tatishchev read: actual problems of science and practice of Togliatti, May 17-20, 2006 / / Togliatti. 2006 - P.89-91

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ISJM THE PREVALENCE OF SMOKING AMONG THE FIRST AND SECOND YEARS STUDENTS OF KAZNMU Azizhanov P. E-mail: Supervisors: Associate Professor Zhuiko N.V., Ryspekova N.N., Kim T.A., Department of Pathological Physiology Kazakh National Medical University named after S.D. Asfendiyarov

In the modern world, tobacco is one of the most important causes of morbidity, disability and premature death, which defines the problem of tobacco as a global [1]. If the trend of increase in smoking prevalence does not decline, according to WHO in 2030 every year the number of deaths will be 8.3 million people by this reason, which represents 10% of all deaths in the World. Every year from diseases related to smoking, more than 25 000 Kazakhs are dying.

According to the WHO, over the next fifteen years, Kazakhstan will lose two million smokers. According to statics, more than 27 per cents of Kazakhs smoke which is 4.2 million people. In Almaty around 350 000 people smoke [2].

Medical studies have shown a clear link to smoking with diseases such as chronic bronchitis, lung cancer and emphysema, coronary heart disease, myocardial infarction, stroke, occlusive disease, etc.

[3].

In connection with such disappointing statistics the Kazakh President, Nursultan Nazarbayev, signed the laws such as "On prevention and curbing smoking" (2002), "On the prohibition of smoking in public places" (2009). In 2010, a state program of health "Salamatty Kazakhstan" for 2011-2015 was adopted. In addition, in 2006 Kazakhstan ratified the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) [4,5,6,7].

According to these laws, and given the fact that the medical officer is a key figure in the formation of a healthy way of life, in KazNMU n.a. S.D. Asfendiyarov the internal rules prohibiting smoking in rooms and in the territory of KazNMU were adopted. For the systematic (more than three times) smoking on the premises of the University a student is a subject to expulsion.

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The purposes of research: To study the prevalence of smoking among KAZNMU’s students The objectives of research:  To analyze the data of the prevalence of smoking among younger students of KazNMU from faculties such as preventive health affairs, pharmacy, dentistry.  To promote the formation of an active professional attitude to smoking among medical students of the University. 

The method of research A survey specially designed questionnaire containing 17 questions. For all questions there were from 2 to 5 choices. A total number of questionnaires were 298 students from 1-3 courses, which were 117 students from preventive health, 121 from the Faculty of Pharmacy and 60 from Faculty of Dentistry.

During the survey it was found that all the students who participated in the survey were well aware of the negative effects of smoking on human health. The most part of the students of the Faculty of Dentistry agree that smoking has a negative impact on the processes of memory, attention weakens, impairs performance. However, the highest percentage of smokers at the time of the survey was at the faculty of Dentistry. The low percent of smokers was among the students of pharmaceutical and medicalprophylactic faculty. Moreover, according to the survey, the students of these faculties had previously smoked but do not currently suffer from this addiction anymore.

According to the survey the main motivation to smoke was often a stress reliever, sedative effect and the existence of "a smoking environment."

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Issue 03 / November 2013 Results

Literature:

The analysis of the prevalence of smoking among students of the 1st, 2nd, 3rd year courses of medical-prophylactic faculty revealed that most of the smoking took place among the 3rd year students.

Findings:  The first year students of KazNMU have a high level of awareness about the negative effects of smoking  The highest percentage of smoking students according to the survey is among the Faculty of Dentistry  According to the survey the number of smokers among the 3rd year students of the Faculty of "Medical and prophylactic cases" is higher compared to the first and second years students  The majority of the students support the slogan "Smoking and the doctor are incompatible" and want to quit smoking soon

1. B. Zhusupov, G. Alimbekova Smoking as a social problem in Kazakhstan. From the digest Lifestyle and health of newly independent states (otv.red. H.Haerpfer, D.Rotman, S.Tumanov – Mn. ..: 2003 – 308 p.) P.187-194.

2. M. Just-Sarobe. Smoking and the skin // Actas DermoSifiliograficas (English Edition). – 2008. – Vol.99, Issue 3. – P. 173184 3. B. Saltman and J. Figueras Health system reforms in Europe.

Analysis of modern strategies: Trans. from English. – M.: GEOTAR MEDICINE, 2000 4. Codex of the Republic of Kazakhstan about people's health and the health care system (with the amendments as of 19.01.2011) http://www.zakon.kz/zdorov_kodex.html 5. The Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On prevention and curbing smoking" of 10 July 2002 N 340, Bulletin of the Parliament of the Republic of Kazakhstan, 2002, N 16, p. 149. Additions made to the the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On the prohibition of smoking in public places» http://www.zakon.kz 6. State Program for the Development of Health of the Republic of Kazakhstan "Salamatty Kazakhstan" on 2011 - 2015 years, http://www.mz.gov.kz

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ISJM PHYTOCOMPOSITION ARTICLE Dauitova Zh. E-mail: zhadyra.dauitova@gmail.com Supervisor: Associate Professor Balabekova M.K., Department of Pathological Physiology Kazakh National Medical University named after S.D. Asfendiyarov

Actuality

stress.

One of the most popular theory of aging is free-radical theory (1,2,3,4,5,6 ].

Mitochondrial active forms of oxygen (AFC) are an important factor in determining aging speed (7.8 ). This concept states that the intensity of oxidative stress increases with age as a result of an imbalance of pro-and antioxidative systems [3] and with age, the degree of oxidative damage of DNA macromolecules, proteins, lipids, carbohydrates increases and antioxidative action activity reduces. The theory explains not only mechanisms of aging, but also the emergence of many age-related diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, atherosclerosis, neurodegenerative disease, tumors, immunosuppression, etc. [3, 5, 6, 8, 9]. However, the literature on the anti-aging effect of natural antioxidant is controversial [3, 5, 10, 11, 12]. Currently, natural and synthetic antioxidants not found a wide application in the clinic [13].

In the meantime, use herbal medicines in anti-aging are still not sufficiently learnt (15). Therefore, we have attempted to investigate the impact on the processes of aging experimental rats, phytocomposition drug developed by us, representing the oil balm from medicinal herbs (pumpkin, germs of wheat, nettle, sea buckthorn, palm in a certain proportion).

Materials and methods

Purpose of study In connection with the above, the purpose of the present study was an examination of the effects of the phytocomposition to behavioral reactions in animals different age groups in conditions of exposure immobilization

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Experiments conducted at 40 white rats, as contained in the standard terms and conditions in vivarium and on a normal diet.

Held 4 series experiment: 1-series - mature bulls and rams rats 10 to 12 months, weight 200-240g, exposed immobilization stress; 2 series - old rats older than 22 months of age, weight 340-370 g; 3 series - the old rats as , the same age, exposed immobilization stress, 4 series - old rats that have been exposed immobilization stress, and treated with phytocompisition. (Stress in rats simulated intense transactions using premises animals in close plastic camera exposure control 30 min. In a period of one week. After the immobilizied stress the animals of all series experiment studied behavioral reactions in the tests "open fields", Morris water maze, CRAA (conditioned reflex of active avoidance) and PA (passive avoidance). After a week had been repeated studies behavioral reactions.

The test "open field" define the measurement of behavior, caused by placing animal in unfamiliar open space, flight from which it is impossible. For the water labyrinth used swimming pool filled with water, without soy milk, one end of which was placed a safe platform. Rat allowed to fly in the opposite end of the pool and noted the time of searching the platform. Then animals trained conditional reactions active and passive human joy (CRAA and PA) and within a week was tested behavioral reactions and securing memory about Hubbard (PES) (8). When using the CRAA animals in both first and second experienced sessions produce on 50 combined conditional won't go, counting the number of avoidance response and rid. When checking the RA maximum time observation was 300 sec.

The statistical analysis was performed using

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Issue 03 / November 2013 the application package SPSS-16. The value of the statistical significance of taken in cases p< 0.05.

The critical importance of statistical significance of the test zero hypothesis was taken equal to 0.05, or 0.1. In the case of exceeding the achieved level of statistical criterion of that value, zero hypothesis has been taken into account.

Discussion of the results Under the influence of phytocomposition in the first pilot session old stressed rats committed in 2 times more moving on an external ascii files field, than young stressed specimen (tab.1). If the time of grooming in an older stressed rats to 1.5 times longer than the time of grooming, perpetrated by young stressed specimens, the under the influence phytocomposition this act behavioral reactions returned to the original level of young.

At the time, as behavior of stressed young and old rats act as “ a-pillar to the rear sweep” and “ duration stands without support” were absent, in rats treated with the phytocomposition these acts were at the level intact old rats.

In the second test session old rats , treated with phytocomposition the numbers og crossing outer squares increased by 28.6 % and 200% (mu=9, interquartile magnitude 5 to 20), than untreated stressed old (mu=7, interquartile magnitude 5 to 9) and young animals (mu=3, interquartile magnitude from 2 to 8). However, if the time of grooming the remaining animals in the second test session had tended to decline, the rats, treated with phytocompoition, it remained at the same level.

Thus, phytocomposition has provided a more expressed by corrective influence in the first term study in relation to the vertical thruster activity and emotional component behavioral reactions stressed old rats, whereas through a week of worrying about only horizontal movement.

The results of a study on hole exploratory behaviour have shown that, under the influence of phytocomposition animals during a PA avoid bright light in the 22 second cycles (interquartile magnitude from 6.5 up to 72) Research , whereas the old intact rats at 30.1 second cycles (interquartile magnitude from 19.5 up to 49.2 ), that it was the 36.8 per cent more (table 2).

The CRAA showed that the old rats, treated with phytocomposition, did not commit a single correct response avoidance. However, during the test the number of correct response choice had approached values intact old animals, whereas in relation to young and old stressed animals exceed the 58.2 per cent and 85.4 per cent ( table 3).

As it shown in the table 4, In the first test session in the water maze in an older stressed rats under the influence phytocomposition significantly improved the time finding a safe platform as compared to all other animal groups. For example, the search for the safe platform for they have decreased in relation to the young intact animals to 129.7 per cent, to stressed young rats - at 102.4 per cent, to old intact - at 264.9 per cent, and the stressed old rats - at 37.8per cent.

In the second test session reduction in search time, treated animals in relation to intact young and old animals and to stressed young rats was more pronounced on the 77.8, 124.2 per cent and 27.4 per cent, respectively, that had been pointed out to the significant impact corrective phytocomposition spatial memory in animals.

In this way, under the influence of phytocomposition in the old intact rats exasperated over species was less pronounced, and complemented by a horizontal and vertical spectrum of research activities. In the old stressed rats treated with phytocomposition, horizontal movement activity was in 2 times higher than in young stressed rats. If the behavioral reactions of stresed young and old rats is absent such acts as vertical research activity, in the rats treated with phytocomposition these acts were at the level of intact old animals. The intervention was more corrigent action in rats, which have been subjected emotional stress, in the first term.

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ISJM Phytocomposition, without affecting the learning processes and memory in passive avoidance reactions, significantly accelerated learning processes once again acquired skill in active avoidance reactions. The search for a safe platform in the water maze in the first pilot session was significantly shorter than in all groups by comparison. Thus, under the influence of phytocomposition the orientation in space of external benchmarks significantly improves.

However, this effect can be the consequence of emotional stress.

References 1.

Harman D.The biologic clock: the mitochondria. J. AmGeriatrSoc. (1972), 20:145–7.

2. Jan Gruber, Sebastian Schaffer, Barry Halliwell, The mitochondrial free radical theory of ageing – Wheredowestand & Frontiersin Bioscience, (2008), May 1, 13, 6554-79.

3. Sastre J., Pallardo F.V., Garciadela Asuncion J. еt al.

Mitocondria, oxidative stress and aging. Free Rad Res. (2000), 32:189–98.

4. Beckman K.B., Ames B.N. The free radical theory of aging matures. Physiol Res. (1998),78:547–81.

5. Shringarpure R., Davies K.J. Protein turnover the proteasome in aging and disease. Free Radic Biol Med. (2002), 32:1084–9.

Table 1. - The main statistical indicators behavioral reactions of young and old rats in the test "open field", subjected to immobilized stress and treatment with phytocomposition.

No.

1 2 3 4

The behavioral act

Number of outer square Number of racks on the rear.sweeps Dur.stands without support The time of grooming

Young + stress Mu(25 % -75 %)

Old intact Mu(25 % -75 %)

The first experienced session 5 (2-22) 13 (10-24V DC )

Old + stress Mu(25 % -75 %)

Old + Stress + PhC Mu(25 % -75 %)

15(9-27) ***

10(5-15) *****

0 (0-3)

1 (0-4)

0 (0-7)

1 (0-2)

0 (0-6)

2 (0-7)

0 (0-20)

2 (0-3)

18 (7-21)

35 (29-45)

27 (18-55)

19 (0-55)

The second experienced session Nuber of outer 3 (2-8) 12 (5-36) 7 (5-9) 9 (5-20) square 2 Number of racks on 0 (0-1) 1 (0-2) 0 (0-6) 0 (0-1) the rear.sweeps 3 Dur.stands without 0 (0-3) 2 (0-4) 0 (Offsets 0-14) 0 (0-2) support 4 The time of 12 (2-17) 28 (22-36) 4 (2-14) 20 (0-28 0-28 0grooming 28) Note: * - statistically significant in relation to the formulation, *** -young stressed to the old stressed, **** -old stressed to intact old, ***** -PhC to the old stressed 1

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Issue 03 / November 2013 Table 2. - Statistical indicators PA in young and old rats, subjected to immobilization stress and treated with phytocomposition.

No. 1 2 3 4

Series Young intact Young stressed Old intact Old stressed

Training Mu(25 % -75 %) 6 (4-10) 10 (4-11) 30.5 (19.5 -49,2) 9 (6 -17,7)

Check Mu(25 % -75 %) 300 (300-300) 300 (23.9 -300) 300 (264.5 -300) 300 (300-300)

Old stress + PhC 22 (6.5 -72) 300 (300-300) Note: * - statistically significant to the young, ** - to the young stressed, *** - The old ones

Wilkоxоn test (Level quantity.)

0.012 * Z =-2,527 0.002 * Z =-3,066 0.002 * Z =-2,521 0.002 * Z =-3,063 0.041 *** Z=-2,041 0.002 * Z =-2,521

Table 3. - Statistical indicators of CRAA (conditioned reflex of active avoidance) in young and old rats, subjected to immobilization stress and treated with phytocomposition.

No.

Series

Training Check Wilkоxоn test Mu(25 % -75 %) Mu(25 % -75 %) (Level quantity.)

1 Young stressed 0.12 (0) 6,9(0,25-17,8) * * 2 Old intact 7.4 (4.7 -9-8) 17.8 (12.2 -20,8) * ( ** ) 3 Old stressed 5.8 (0-8) 2.4 (0 and 4.75. *** 4 Old stress + PhC 0 (0) 16.5 (12.5 -22,7) * ( **** ) Note: * - statistically significant in the elaboration, ** -to the young stressed, * ** - to old intact, **** - the old stressed

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ISJM IMMUNOCORRECTION SYNTHETIC DRUG PILOT INFLAMMATION CAUSED

BY THE BACKGROUND OF HEAVY METALS Abydynova A. E-mail: Supervisors: Professor A.N. Nurmukhambetov, Associate Professor M.K. Balabekova, Department of Pathological Physiology Kazakh National Medical University named after S.D. Asfendiyarov

Actuality It is known that the course and outcome of many pathological processes depends on the condition of non-specific resistance of the organism]. The main mechanism of protection of the human infections is inflammation.

Logic inflammation is evident and eliminating the damaging factor and restoration of damaged tissues. In ideal conditions, conjugation of these resistance mechanisms allows the body to successfully fight the infection and leads to a rapid recovery. Unfortunately, in reality diseases often observed depression of one or more immune defense mechanisms that lead to chronic processes, and in severe cases, the death of the organism. Most often as a result of anthropogenic activity disrupted the function of the immune system, leading to a decrease in the effectiveness of antimicrobial protection .

In this regard , it was of interest to study the efficiency of the drug IHF -2 in experimental inflammation in the background metallindutsirovannoy depression of immunological defense. In JSC "Institute of Chemical Sciences n.a.

A.B. Bekturova " synthesized 1 - (2ethoxyethyl) - 4 - ( dimethoxyphosphoryl ) - 4 - hydroxypiperidine , which has an immunomodulatory effect and used under laboratory code IHF 2.

Materials and methods The experiments were performed on 120 white male rats weighing 180-220 g , kept under standard vivarium conditions on a normal diet. Conducted a series of experiments 4 : Episode 1 - control animals , Episode 2 - intact animals with inflammation , and 3 series - animals

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with inflammation against the toxicity of ammonium vanadate ( VA) and potassium dichromate ( BA) (BA + BC + turpentine ) 4 series - animals treated with the IHF -2 against intoxication by metal salts ( VA + BC + + turpentine IHF -2). Metal salts of intoxication caused by the introduction of BA and BC in a dose of 5 mg / kg bw oral gavage for two weeks. After the two-week seed BA and BC animals aseptic inflammation caused by subcutaneous administration of 0.3 ml in mineral oil of turpentine in the interscapular region, then treatment with the IHF -2 at 50 mg / kg by dissolving in physiological saline and administered subcutaneously in 0.5 ml of a week. The animals were taken from the experiment by decapitation after administration ether anesthesia at 1, 7 , 14, 30 from the beginning day of the experiment correction IHF 2 .

The medical center " IVD " was determined phagocytic activity ( FG ) and NBT - test ( nitroblue tetrazolium reduction test ) , the test PPN (direct damage of neutrophils ) in a manner Fradkin (1985 ) [5,6 ] .

Procedures for statistical analysis were performed using the statistical package SAS 9.2, STATISTICA 10 and SPSS- 20. The critical level of statistical significance in testing the null hypothesis was assumed to be 0.05 or 0.1 . In case of exceeding the level achieved statistical significance criterion of this value , accept the null hypothesis .

Checking the normality of the distribution of quantitative traits in selected comparison groups was performed using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov Shapiro- Wilk test , Cramer- von Mises and Anderson-Darling .

For comparison, the central group settings used parametric and non-parametric methods : analysis of variance , including with the Kruskal â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Wallis test and the

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Issue 03 / November 2013 Wilcoxon rank- marks , the median criterion and the criterion of Van der Waerden . For all quantitative traits in the two groups was evaluated arithmetic and RMS ( standard ) errors mean and coefficient of variation. Descriptive statistics are presented in the text as M Âą s, where M - mean , and s - standard error of the mean.

Results and Discussion Subcutaneous injection of turpentine intact animals resulted in the first day to a sharp decline in leukopenia with absolute lymphocyte count more than 4 times , and the next time their gradual increase . The combined effect of BA and BC led to a greater reduction in these parameters (Figure 1).

In the experimental animals after 7 days after exposure to turpentine and treatment IHF -2 by reduction of the absolute lymphocyte counts the total number of white blood cells to 187% higher than the data of untreated animals. During this period a number of neutrophilic studies compared to the control was increased absolute amount of band and segmented neutrophils 2 and 1.4 times , respectively.

After 14 days of the absolute number of total leukocytes and lymphocytes experienced rats treated IHF - 2, compared with the experience without treatment rose by 71 % and 89 % , respectively, while the monthly term studies in relation to the control of these rats was observed leukocytosis due to lymphocytosis and neutrophilic leukocytosis with a nuclear shift to the left. Thus , the absolute number of lymphocytes , stab and segmented neutrophils under the influence of IHF 2 was increased by 22.4 % , 255.2 % and 141 %, respectively.

After 45 days of peripheral blood neutrophil response persisted , although the total number of leukocytes by the absolute lymphocyte count compared to the control level was lowered.

Thus, under the influence of IHF -2 in

animals with experimental inflammation of the total number of white blood cells by increasing blood lymphocytes and neutrophils recovered after 7 days and lasted for a month, after which there was a decrease the total number of white blood cells, which, in our opinion, due to the completion of the inflammatory process.

The study of the absorption and metabolic activity of neutrophils showed that on the 7th day after the subcutaneous injection of turpentine intact animals , compared to 1 for days there was an increase of spontaneous and stimulated NBT test and phagocytic activity of neutrophils ( Figure 2).

On the 14th day of the study of spontaneous and induced NBT-test performance did not differ from controls, whereas spontaneous phagocytic activity of neutrophils was reduced by 18.8 %. By 30 days of all indicators of spontaneous and induced NBTtest and the phagocytic activity of neutrophils exceeds the control value of 29.5 %, 35%, 30.7% and 40.2 % respectively.

As seen in Figure 3, the introduction of turpentine animals previously baited BA and BC, on the 7th day resulted in low levels of spontaneous and induced HCT and the phagocytic activity of neutrophils, respectively, 39.4% , 35.6 %, 20% , 41.6 %.

Such a pattern was also observed at 14 and 30 day study.

At the same time, the drug treatment the animals IHF-2 as 7 and 14 and on day 30 significantly increased rates of spontaneous and induced by NBT-test and the phagocytic activity of neutrophils that were significantly higher than in intact animals.

As can be seen from Figure 6 the level of the CEC under the influence of IHF -2 in experimental animals with experimental inflammation by day 14 of the experiment by more than 2 times the data of untreated animals after 30 days of control and reached only 13.6% slower than his 45 day experiment.

Thus , the preparation 2 IHF inflammation caused as the control animals and against toxic metal salts had a significant protective effect , as manifested in the increase in the number of leukocytes , lymphocytes, neutrophils phagocytic activity , reducing the damage to neutrophils.

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ISJM Figure 1 - The content in the peripheral blood of experimental animals with aseptic inflammation absolute lymphocyte (109 / l)

Figure 2 - Indicators of NBT test of intact animals at 1.7 days after exposure turpentine

Figure 3 - Indicators of NBT-test experimental animals with aseptic inflammation at 7 days after exposure to turpentine

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Issue 03 / November 2013 Figure 4 - Performance NBT test experimental animals with aseptic inflammation treated with IHF-2 at 7 days after exposure to turpentine

Figure 6 - The content of the CEC in rats with experimental inflammation after seeding vanadium and chromium and treatment of IHF -2

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ISJM BIOSAFETY OF A PERSON IN ELECTROMAGNETIC ENVIRONMENT Nurdaulet Zholdasov, Islamzhon Karimov E-mail: islamk97@mail.ru Scientific Supervisors: Alfiya Rafkatovna Mustafina (Doctor of Medicine, professor of KazNMU n.a. S.D. Asfendiyarov, director of Scientific-Research Institute of Fundamental Medicine n.a. B.A. Atchabarov, Almaty); Yuriy Vyacheslavovich Arkhipov (Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, professor, holder of the chair of Plasma Physics and Computer Physics of Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty) Project Supervisor: Baktygul Askerovna Kizbayeva (teacher of physics of Arystan SL in Talgar area of Almaty region) Arystan Specialized Lyceum, Talgar area of Almaty region

The Purpose of the Research The results of our investigation are to confirm or refute the known data about harmful effect of EM radiation on human body.

Hypothesis Is the known data about computer EMR and its effect on health condition of students that must be protected by state supervision from harmful effect of electromagnetic fields confirmed?

Objectives 1. To study specialized literature on the research subject.

2. To carry out an integrated survey of computer classrooms and compare it with Sanitary Regulations and Standards of RK: Đ°) to measure temperature and relative humidity of air; b) to measure parameters of computer classrooms and working places; c) to measure electromagnetic field strength near PCs and indentify hazardous computers; d) to measure radioactivity level.

3. To assess the safety degree of LCD monitors.

4. To determine the rating value of energy density.

5. To carry out a questionnaire on health condition of PC users.

Experimental Techniques 1.

Research physical Microclimate study.

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method.

2. Sanitary and hygienic method. Studying computer classroom parameters.

3. Electrometric method. Measurement of EMR intensity.

4. Dosimetric method. Measurement of radioactivity level.

5.

Sociological method.

Questioning students.

The Novelty of the Research 1.This work is a pilot project of the lyceum students.

2. First integrated survey of computer classrooms was carried out: EMF intensity, level of radioactive background, air humidity, temperature condition and parameters of working places of PC users were measured.

3. The rating value of EMF density for the Republic of Kazakhstan in the range of frequencies of computer hardware operation was established in this paper.

4. Radiations of monitors of two types were compared: monitors on the base of cathode ray tube and liquid-crystal displays.

5. Analysis of measurements and their compliance with Sanitary Regulations and Standards of RK were carried out.

Findings and Conclusions.

1. Computer is the most dangerous EMF source, as person spends a lot of time in close proximity to it. The full set of computer hardware radiates: monitor, keyboard, processor, leading-in cables.

Our measurements showed that liquid-crystal display can be recognized as the most safety device.

2. In comparison with the monitors of an older generation (monitors with cathode ray tube LGFlatron 710 TH 2003 year of manufacture) liquid-crystal displays (SamsungSyncMaster 933, 2009 year of manufacture) show radiation level by electric

Issue 03 / November 2013 | isjm.kaznmu.kz

Issue 03 / November 2013 component 70 times less, by magnetic component 11 times less, by radiation energy density 1,5 times less.

3. Values of radioactive background (γrays) within the norm: for power handling capacity of exposure dose 0,30 µSv/h the measured value is 0,22 µSv/h.

4. We calculated that the rating value of energy flux density in the range of frequencies 2kHz-400kHz is 5 µW/cm2 for Kazakhstan. PC radiation norms are not determined in Sanitary Regulations and Standards of RK. 5. Questionnaire analysis showed that all PC users (students of 9-10 grades) feel various degrees of EMF effect on overall health: fatigability - 32,5%, headache 16,25%, nervousness - 10%, sleep disorder - 8,75%, smarting eyes - 46%, dizziness - 12,5%, and etc.

Practical Value 1. First EMR effect on vulnerable child’s body was demonstrated.

2. The rating value of energy flux density of computers – 5 µW/cm2, was determined for Kazakhstan.

3. Biosafety of LCD monitors was proved.

4. This paper will help doctors of educational institutions in planning of working places, PC work dosing.

5. Working materials in the research paper of students are useful for teachers of physics (computer science) to get a visual picture of EMR from the computers in use.

Proposals 1. To the Ministry of Public Health of RK: а) To develop a government program of environmental monitoring and control over the level of EM-radiation in all educational institutions (irrespective of the form of ownership). b) To decommission computers with radiation exceeding the rating values.

2. To the Ministry of Education and Science of RK: а) To introduce a mandatory briefing on planning of PC user working place, dosing of lesson hours, compliance with the norms of a positive microclimate in educational institutions. b) To include into the program of physics (computer science) school course the EMR research of computers in use as a laboratory work for early familiarization of students with the global issues of biosafety.

3. To the Ministry of Justice of RK: To develop a bill of high demands to computer hardware, when importing it to Kazakhstan: mandatory conduction of measurements of computer EMF strengths immediately before purchasing, as it is done in many countries.

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