NCB - National Commercial Bank by SOM

NATIONAL COMMERCIAL BANK JEDDAH - 1983 Local Modern Building Analysis

by Musab Badahdah

NATIONAL COMMERCIAL BANK 1983 GENERAL INFORMATION Architect

Gordon Bunshaft / SOM

Location

Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

Date

1981 to 1983 timeline

Building Type

skyscraper, commercial office tower, bank headquarters

Climate

desert

Context

urban

Style

Modern

Notes

Triangular plan, two square cut-outs in facade.

BUILDING CONSIDERATIONS • Islamic pattern and forms.

• Squares, circles and specially TRIANGLE • Climatic conditions and • Wind, desert heat and sun light.

• Consistency with the adjacent urban area.

• Creating landmark of the city and the bank.

• Emphasizing the cultural aspect of communication, simplicity and sociology.

• Maintain privacy and high security of the bank.

• Merging the courtyard concept and the gardens through all the building height.

DESIGN PROGRESS

1. Preliminary design consist of triangle and reverse triangle with middle vertical circulation.

National Commercial Bank, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, preliminary study 1977 Skidmore Owings & Merrill 1909

DESIGN PROGRESS

2. Preliminary design consist of triangle and circle attached, glass in the middle of the walls

National Commercial Bank, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, preliminary study 1977 Skidmore Owings & Merrill 1909

DESIGN PROGRESS

3. Preliminary design consist of triangle and site boundary with attached circle vertical circulation.

National Commercial Bank, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, preliminary study 1977 Skidmore Owings & Merrill 1909

DESIGN PROGRESS

4. Preliminary design consist of triangle and elliptical form next to the building, with attached stairs.

National Commercial Bank, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, preliminary study 1977 Skidmore Owings & Merrill 1909

BUILDING PHILOSOPHY ...In the center, three columns allowed openings and offices to be rotated to any side.

The dramatic 100-foot-wide facade openings were designed to provide daylight without direct sunshine.

Light filters into the three courtyards through these openings, reaching the inhabited spaces only indirectly.

The shaded cavity of the building reduces air temperatures slightly before cooling is completed by air-conditioning machinery.

Above the level of the first office floor, warm air is drawn up the building's small triangular core and vented in the center of the roof.

DESIGN PROGRESS

5. Preliminary design consist of triangle form total open faรงade with structure at corners and embedded stairs.

National Commercial Bank, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, preliminary study 1977 Skidmore Owings & Merrill 1909

DESIGN PROGRESS

6. Preliminary design consist of triangle totally closed on two sides and open from the third

National Commercial Bank, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, preliminary study 1977 Skidmore Owings & Merrill 1909

DESIGN PROGRESS

7. Final design solution Consist of Triangle and attached rectangular vertical circulation with a neck National Commercial Bank, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, preliminary study 1977 Skidmore Owings & Merrill 1909

NCB CURRENT SITE PLAN

N

Basic triangle + attached rectangular circulation and Circular form parking National Commercial Bank, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, preliminary study 1977 Skidmore Owings & Merrill 1909

BUILDING PHILOSOPHY • The office areas are protected from the sun's glare by gray glazing.

• And the glass-walled executive offices on the top floor are shielded by a pierced wall covering a 10-foot recess behind the building's outer surface.

• These recessed windows are akin to the shuttered of screened balconies of traditional Saudi architecture.

• A computerized building management system adjusts the climate-control machinery as external thermal conditions change."

NCB CURRENT TYPICAL FLOOR PLANS

N

N

Basic triangle + attached rectangular circulation and Circular form parking National Commercial Bank, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, preliminary study 1977 Skidmore Owings & Merrill 1909

NCB CURRENT TYPICAL FLOOR PLANS

N

N

Basic triangle + attached rectangular circulation and Circular form parking National Commercial Bank, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, preliminary study 1977 Skidmore Owings & Merrill 1909

NCB CURRENT TYPICAL FLOOR PLANS

N

N

Basic triangle + attached rectangular circulation and Circular form parking National Commercial Bank, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, preliminary study 1977 Skidmore Owings & Merrill 1909

NCB CURRENT TYPICAL FLOOR PLANS

N

N

Basic triangle + attached rectangular circulation and Circular form parking National Commercial Bank, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, preliminary study 1977 Skidmore Owings & Merrill 1909

NCB CURRENT TYPICAL FLOOR PLANS

N

N

Basic triangle + attached rectangular circulation and Circular form parking National Commercial Bank, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, preliminary study 1977 Skidmore Owings & Merrill 1909

CROSS SECTIONS

National Commercial Bank, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, preliminary study 1977 Skidmore Owings & Merrill 1909

ELEVATIONS

West Elevation

North-East Elevation

National Commercial Bank, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, preliminary study 1977 Skidmore Owings & Merrill 1909

South-East Elevation

BUILDING TECHNOLOGY • Thick gray glazed glass to reduce glare and heat.

• Cooling the air before hitting the glass through the triangular cavity.

• Roof Garden and drainage system.

• Air flow and circulation from sides to middle foyer.

• Simples facead treatment ever.

• Triangular Beams system.

THE FINAL PRODUCT

THE NCB

Thank you : )