GROUP MEMBERS TUTOR CONTENTS INTRODUCTION EVALUATION & STRATEGY PROJECT OUTCOMES APPENDIX BACKGROUND PRECEDENTS SITE ANALYSIS 1.1 Site fact sheet 1.2 Shanghai history 1.3 Demographic information of Shanghai 5.1 Architectural evaluation & strategy 5.2 Sharing facilities analysis 5.3 To create safe and clean space 5.4 SWOT 5.5 Design strategy 5.6 Design process 5.7 Architectural renovation intention 6.1 Master plan 6.2 Functions 6.3 Section 6.4 Design analysis 6.5 New building - Apartment 6.6 New building - Community health center 6.7 Shikumen building renovation 6.8 Design corridor 6.9 Design community store 6.10 Typology of installation 6.11 Focus 7.1 Design process 7.2 Mirroring Chengxingli (1) : Park Hill 7.3 Mirroring Chengxingli (2) : Cohousing 2.1 History review 2.2 Location 2.3 Existing building 2.4 Expansion and decline of Shikumen dwellings in Shanghai 2.5 Renovation and demolition in Chengxingli 3.1 'Haiyue River Tide' renewal 3.2 Yongqingfang renovation 4.1 Urban fabric 4.2 Surrounding analysis 4.3 Aerial view 4.4 Surrounding section 4.5 Limited access to urban infrastructure 4.6 Access to infrastructure further restricted under COVID-19 01 05 06 07 02 03 04 Zhou Zhou 21307210 Jiwei Zhu 21413456 Shiyan Zeng 20055197 Xiaoyu Sun 21376518 Teng Mu 20056928 Chenlu Sun 21374605 Pengfei Wu 20037515 Runnong Tian 21356895 Yuchen Zhou 20054203 Pengyu Lu 21405888 Dr Youcao Ren
INTRODUCTION
01
SITE FACT SHEET
SHANGHAI HISTORY 1887 1889 1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1949 1950 1958 1978 1992 NOW Huanghe Road appeared Beijing West Road appeared Suzhou Li appeared The qing dynasty Shanghai was colonized Suzhou Li surrounding land development Guangyuan Fang appeared Sancheng Fang appeared Songbai Li appeared Chengde Fang appeared Airen Li appeared Chengxing Li appeared Meiyuan Tun appeared Huanghe Xintun appeared Shanghai liberation Founding of New China Shanghai began to establish a modern urban plan Reconstruction of old urban areas in Shanghai Reform and opening up Shanghai establish a new economic zone
DEMOGRAPHIC INFORMATION OF SHANGHAI NOW Functionless building Population aging Dense population AROUND 20C20S AROUND 21C
HISTORY REVIEW
LOCATION
EXISTING BUILDING EXISTING BUILDING
Generation of Shikumen building
Jiangnan house Victorian back-to-back Old-style Shikumen New-style ShikumenBaroque
Layout comparison
Traditional courtyard architecture
Shikumen architecture
EXPANSION AND DECLINE OF
DWELLINGS
SHIKUMEN
Structure comparison IN SHANGHAI
Traditional courtyard architecture Shikumen architecture
EXISTING BUILDING
RENOVATION AND DEMOLITION IN CHENGXINGLI
2018.4:
began in stages and batches.
goal of renovation
to
the house and the residents"
can let
The
will not demolish
houses
will renovated it so that every household will have individual kitchen and toilet
travel when get the demolit -ion money
Construc -tion was halted in 2020 due to the epidemic .
back!
live here all my life,
demolition fee
so cheap
The second phase was shelved because residents voted against it .
Each additional kitchen and toilet area adds up to only 3.5 square meters, nothing been solved
First Phase is fully completed.
No one
me leave here !
government
your
We
! I'll
2020.7:
We are
I
The
is
!
!
Renovation
The
is
"keep
'HAIYUE RIVER TIDE' RENEWAL YONGQINGFANG RENOVATION
The preservation and renewal center of Cangxia Historic District lies in the "wharf spirit", creating a dynamic and developable "temperature" space from the perspective of urban design.
Through reorganization and integration, the history of the city is involved in the present and future urban development.
ANALYSIS
04 SITE
Buildings, roads, green Spaces, and various functional lands near Chengxingli.
Chengxingli is in the center of the city, surrounded by large residential and commercial areas. It is difficult to carry out community renovation in a situation where traf c is surrounded and green space is relatively sparse.
URBAN FABRIC
ANALYSIS
Keys: Chengxingli Residential area Residential area Commercial area Commercial area Educational area Educational area Hospital Hospital Tourist area Tourist area Institutional area Institutional area Greenland SURROUNDING ANALYSIS SURROUNDING
Landuse Architecture
Keys: Chengxingli Elevated road Elevated road 30m 20m 5m Main road Main road Secondary road Secondary road Road system Public transport SURROUNDING ANALYSIS SURROUNDING ANALYSIS Keys: Chengxingli Bus station Underground station Line 12 Line 8 Line 1 Line 13 Line 2 5minutes' 10minutes'walking 5-minute living circle 10-minute living circle Bus station Underground station 5-minute/10-minute living circle
SURROUNDING
ANALYSIS Keys
Green space Public facilities
ANALYSIS SURROUNDING
Renmin Park
Neighbourhood Park
Jing
'an
Sculpture Park
Jiuzi Park
Community independent green space Chengxingli Water Greenland Park
Light show
Keys Chengxingli Public toilet
Public toilet
Hospital Community clinic Pharmacy
Medical care & Pharmacy
AERIAL VIEW Population activity heat SURROUNDING ANALYSIS
SURROUNDING SECTION
SURROUNDING SECTION
Indicatior Ⅰ : Age Ⅱ : Integrity Ⅲ : Craft aesthetic value Criterion Era of existing architecture Year: Now 2000 1949 1940 1930 1850 Degree Low High Degree Low High Score: 2 4 6 8 10 Score: 0 3 7 11 15 Score: 0 4 8 12 Existing Shikumen and their architectural details and the preservation of the surrounding environment Aesthetic value of existing traditional architecture, such as architectural modelling, structure, materials or decoration Definition and score Total score and strategy 10-20Mostly renewed or demolished >20 Retained / Partially renewed<10 Demolished Chengxingli (not renovated) Airenli Daodali East Zone Chengxingli renovated) Suzhouli Songbaili Meiyuanchun Sancheng Fang Huanghe Xincun Evaluation total score Based on the evaluation strategy, 9 blocks within the community are evaluated. Here are their scores. There are 3 blocks to be retained or partially renewed, 4 blocks to mostly renewed or demolished, 2 blocks to demolished. ARCHITECTURAL EVALUATION & STRATEGY
Categories: Sanitation and water facilities Kitchen facilities 'Longtang' activity Entrance Laundry tray The elderly Tap Children Boiling water Chamber pot and urinal point Common residents Cooking Usage time2468 1014201218162224:00 Usage time2468 1014201218162224:00 Usage time2468 1014201218162224:00 Site Mostly renewed or demolished Mostly renewed or demolished Retained / Partially renewed Retained Partially renewed Government certified heritage architecture (Former residence of Jiguang Zhang) Government certified heritage architecture (Former residence of Jiguang Zhang) Demolished Demolished ARCHITECTURAL EVALUATION & STRATEGY SHARING FACILITIES ANALYSIS Map Distrubtion map
Scene pictures Behavior process
Residents wash their dirty clothes in outdoor laundry trays and hang them on clotheslines in the lane to dry naturally.
Residents use the tap in the lane to wash their hands, hair, face and brush the teeth.
Residents use the chamber pot at home. In the morning, they pour excrement at waste collection point. Then clean the chamber pot.
Behavior process
Behavior classification
Scene pictures
Scene pictures
Jing 'an Sculpture Park
Keys: Open space Gated
community space
Movement in the site Public
toilet
Gated public
toilet
Direction to the
public toilet
Sanitation and water facilities
Sanitation and water facilities
Laundry tray
Map
Tap
Chamber pot and waste collection point
Gated community
Public toilet outside the site
Community excrement collection station
Scene pictures Scene picturesResidents boil water on stoves in the lane to make tea or drink. Residents cook in the public kitchen in the lane and eat at home. Behavior process Behavior process Behavior classification Behavior classification Behavior classification Talk Sunbath Play ball game Grow flowers Play other games Publicity Pile up sundry Hang out Keep birds Do homework Play chess Park bicycle Dry clothesJiuzi sports meet Scene pictures Scene pictures Scene pictures Kitchen facilities 'Longtang' activity The elderly Map Children Common residents Boiling water Map Cooking
TO CREATE SAFE AND CLEAN SPACE SWOT
DESIGN PROCESS
DESIGN STRATEGY
PROJECT OUTCOMES
06
MASTER PLAN FUNCTIONS
Main entrance Secondary entrance
B A A B
SECTION
DESIGN ANALYSIS
DESIGN ANALYSIS
NEW BUILDING - APARTMENT
NEW BUILDING - COMMUNITY HEALTH CENTER
SHIKUMEN BUILDING RENOVATION
The original living situation of local residents is very poor, usually the per capita living area is 6m, and the indoor space is too narrow, the elderly living here lack barrierfree facilities and it is inconvenient to move without private toilets, which also leads to many health problems.
By relocating some of the local tenants, the original space was consolidated into a single household, allowing residents to gain more indoor space and separate sanitation facilities.
DESIGN CORRIDORSHIKUMEN BUILDING RENOVATION
DESIGN CORRIDOR Perspective
Perspective
DESIGN COMMUNITY STORE
Green
TYPOLOGY OF INSTALLATION
Area Activity Area Life Area
FOCUS Focus C Focus B Focus A 1 3 2 12 1
FOCUS Focus A-1 Focus A-2 Expanded outdoor space accommodate sitting area for elderly to rest and communicate Newly developed activity area to allow intra-generation interactions
Demolish
FOCUS Focus A-3 Focus B-1
dated buildings with little value allows the development of public facilities so that residents' needs can be supported within the community Extra green spaces are developed to created a more friendly living environment
FOCUS Focus B-2 Focus C-1 We have kept the original function of the previously narrow lanes: where the residents can socialise Bin station and community sanitation facilities are developed to created a cleaner, better managed environment
DESIGN PROCESS First tutorial Contact a friend in China to help take photos of Chengxingli FieldtripinShef eld Visit Park Hill Cohousing
lecture by Dr Felstead
Design sketch Mid-term review Discuss des gn work w th tutor weekly Finish the submission and play
MIRRORING CHENGXINGLI (1) : PARK HILL
1853
Taiping Revolution
It drove more migrants and refugees into Shanghai, which lead to a large number of residential buildings in conces sion.
1850-60s
Old Type Shikumen
Smaller site area, quickly constructed with wooden materials, and a lower cost.
1870-1910s
Early Shikumen
The "litie" technique of wooden frame and load-bearing brick veneer construction were built. Western terrace houses.
1910-30s
Late period Shikumen
Wider width of lanes between terraces, less width of each dwelling. Two-bay or one-bay hall, and one side wing.
1930-40s
New-style Shikumen
High rent costs lead to “Second landlord”. Steel also became a popular material. In 1934, Chengxingli was built.
1950s Shikumen buildings
There were about 9000 shikumen buildings, comprising 65% of residential housing stock by area in Shanghai. Chengxingli is lilong areas suffering from poor quality of life following processes of expropriation after 1949, when the state confiscated housing stock from individual property owners and redistributed it to accommodate multiple households.
1980-90s Profit-driven redevelopment
This model proved easy to implement, but had little regard for the preservation of the urban fabric or the historically significant identity of the city.
1990sRedevelopment
The Shanghai Municipal Government announced a series of policies to redevelop dilapidated neighborhoods, including shanty housing.
1997 Taipingqiao area
SoLL signed an agreement outlining that SoLL would pay for the relocation, land, and a portion of infrastructure and redevelopment of the site. This agreement provided SoLL with the development rights for the entire Taipingqiao neighborhood.
2018 Chengxingli Term 1
“By stages and group”, repair and renovation by govement. Independent bathroom and kitchen.
2020 Term 2
The area of bathroom and kitchen is add to 3.4m². This project is uncompleted because of the disagree from the residents in Chengxingli.
ORIGIN TRADITIONAL TYPE HOUSE NEW DEVELOPMENT
STAGNATION
PARK HILL, SHEFFIELD
REBIRTH
CHALLENGE
1832-1866
Cholera epidemi
Inadequate sewage disposal, where up to 100 people shared a standpipe, contributed to several outbreaks of cholera.
1920s
Back-to-back housing
Sheffield had over 16.000 such houses by the 1920s when an estimated 25% of people in England including Sheffield, lived in appalling slum conditions.
1930-50s
Demolishing
The amount of ‘back-to-back’housing was demolished between the 1930s and 1950s to make way for the new Park Hill developments.
1957-1961
Streets in the sky
To deal with rehousing the Park Hill community, the architects Jack Lynn and Ivor Smith proposed a solution.
1970s-80 Maintain
Development started to suffer from a lack of maintenance and the flats fell into disrepair. Social problems involving drugs and prostitution took hold.
1998 Listing building
Controversially was Grade II* listed in 1998 making it the largest listed building in Europe.
2007 Renovation A part-privatisation scheme by the developer Urban Splash in partnership with English Heritage to turn the flats into upmarket apartments, business units and social housing is now underway.
2009 Phase 1
It were initially cleared, leaving only their concrete shell. 260 homes.
2017 Phase 2
‘Light touch’ which retains the original brick infill and full width of the streets. 195 homes and 2,500m² of commercial space.
2018 Phase 3
356 Student bedrooms in 74 unique townhouse style units, communal spaces and a convenience shop.
2019 Phase 4 95 residential units, artist accommodation, heritage flats, artist studios, and contemporary art gallery.
CHENGXINGLI,
SHANGHAI
1 2 4 4 3 5 MIRRORING CHENGXINGLI (1) : PARK HILL
MIRRORING CHENGXINGLI (2) : COHOUSING
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