Fazelab lecture13

‫ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻲ ﺷﺮﻳﻒ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮑﺪﻩ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﻣﮑﺎﻧﻴﮏ‬

‫ﻃﺮﺡ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻤﻬﺎﻱ ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ ﻣﻄﺒﻮﻉ‬ ‫ﺩﮐﺘﺮ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺣﺴﻦ ﺳﻌﻴﺪﻱ‬

‫ﺍﺟﺰﺍﻱ ﺷﺒﮑﻪ ﻓﺎﺿﻼﺏ‬ ‫ﻟﻮﻟﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﺻﻠﻲ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻥ‬

‫ﻟﻮﻟﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﺷﺒﮑﻪ ﺁﺏ ﺑﺎﺭﺍﻥ‬

‫ﻟﻮﻟﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﻓﺎﺿﻼﺏ ﺳﺒﮏ‬

‫ﻭﺳﺎﻳﻞ ﺑﻬﺪﺍﺷﺘﻲ‬

‫ﺩﺭﻳﭽﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﺑﺎﺯﺩﻳﺪ‬

‫ﻟﻮﻟﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ‬

‫ﻟﻮﻟﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﻓﺎﺿﻼﺏ ﺳﻨﮕﻴﻦ‬

‫ﺳﻴﻔﻮﻥ‬

‫§ ﻣﺘﺎﺳﻔﺎﻧﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﮐﻤﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﻳـﺮﺍﻥ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ ﻓﺎﺿﻼﺏ ﺷﻬﺮﻱ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻟﺬﺍ ﻋﻤﺪﺗﺎﹰ ﺍﺯ ﭼﺎﻩ ﺟﺬﺑﻲ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫§ ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻻﹰ ﻣﺤﻞ ﭼﺎﻩ ﺟﺬﺑﻲ ﺗﻮﺳـﻂ ﻣﻬﻨـﺪﺱ ﻃـﺮﺍﺡ ﻣﺸـﺨﺺ ﺷـﺪﻩ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺣﺠﻢ ﺁﻥ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﭘﻴﻤﺎﻧﮑﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﻲ ﮐﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺟﺬﺏ ﺧﺎﮎ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻡ ﺍﺟﺮﺍ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻣﻲﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫§ ﻫﺮﭼﻨﺪ ﺣﺠﻢ ﭼﺎﻩ ﺟﺰﺑﻲ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻘﺸﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺎﺳﻴﺴﺎﺗﻲ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﻧﻤﻲﺷﻮﺩ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺒﺎﹰ ‪ 8‬ﻣﺘﺮﻣﮑﻌﺐ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺯﺍﻱ ﻫﺮ ﻧﻔﺮ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺩﻭﺭﻩﺍﻱ ‪ 20‬ﺳﺎﻟﻪ ﮐﺎﻓﻲ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫§ ﻣﺤﻞ ﭼﺎﻩ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﮑﺎﻧﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﮐﻪ ﻭﺯﻥ ﭘﻲﻫـﺎﻱ ﺳـﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻥ ﺭﻭﻱ ﺁﻥ‬ ‫ﻧﺒﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺍﻣﮑﺎﻥ ﺣﺪﺍﻗﻞ ﻋﺒﻮﺭ ﻭ ﻣﺮﻭﺭ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻭﻱ ﺁﻥ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫§ ﺍﮔﺮ ﻧﻔﻮﺫ ﺧﺎﮎ ﮐﺎﻓﯽ ﻧﺒﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﺑﺪﻟﻴﻞ ﺑﺎﻻ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺁﺑﻬـﺎﻱ ﺯﻳـﺮ‪-‬‬ ‫ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻲ ﺣﻔﺮ ﭼﺎﻩ ﺍﻣﮑﺎﻥﭘﺬﻳﺮ ﻧﺒﺎﺷﺪ‪ ،‬ﺍﺯ ﺳﭙﺘﻴﮏ ﺗﺎﻧﮏ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬

‫ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﺷﺒﮑﻪ ﻓﺎﺿﻼﺏ ﺑﻬﺪﺍﺷﺘﯽ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﻟﻮﻟﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﻓﻘﻲ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎﺋﻢ ﻭ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﺍﻓﻘﻲ ﺍﺻﻠﻲ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻥ ﺭﻭﻱ ﻧﻘﺸﻪ ﭘﻼﻥ‬ ‫§ ﺟﺎﻧﻤﺎﻳﻲ ﻭﺳﺎﻳﻞ ﺑﻬﺪﺍﺷﺘﻲ ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻻﹰ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺱ ﻣﻌﻤﺎﺭ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑـﻪ ﺁﻥ‪ ،‬ﻣﺴـﻴﺮ ﺷـﺒﮑﻪ ﻓﺎﺿـﻼﺏ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺱ ﺗﺎﺳﻴﺴﺎﺕ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﻣﻲﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫§ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﻟﻮﻟﻪﻫﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺣﺘﻲﺍﻻﻣﮑﺎﻥ ﺳﺎﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫§ ﮐﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻻﺕ ﺯﺍﻧﻮ ﻭ ﺳﻪ ﺭﺍﻩ ﺷﺒﮑﻪ ﻓﺎﺿﻼﺏ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ‪ 45‬ﺩﺭﺟﻪ ﻃﺮﺍﺣـﻲ ﻭ ﺍﺟـﺮﺍ ﺷـﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻳـﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺗﺼـﺎﻻﺕ ‪90‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺟﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﻋﺒﻮﺭ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺧﻮﺩﺩﺍﺭﻱ ﻧﻤﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫§ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺷﻴﺐﺩﺍﺭ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﻟﻮﻟﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﻓﻘﻲ‪ ،‬ﺣﺘﻲﺍﻻﻣﮑﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﺷـﺒﮑﻪ ﻓﺎﺿـﻼﺏ ﺑـﺎ ﻟﻮﻟـﻪﻫـﺎﻱ ﺍﻓﻘـﻲ ﺑﻠﻨـﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﺟﺘﻨﺎﺏ ﻧﻤﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺯﻳﺮﺍ ﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎﻝ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﮕﻲ ﻟﻮﻟﻪﻫﺎ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻼﻭﻩ ﺍﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ﺳﻘﻒ ﮐﺎﺫﺏ ﺟﻬﺖ ﻧﺼﺐ ﻟﻮﻟﻪﻫﺎ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑـﻴﺶ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩ ﺯﻳﺎﺩ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫§ ﻟﻮﻟﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﻗﺎﺋﻢ ﻓﺎﺿﻼﺏ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﺎﹰ ﺩﺭ ﮐﻨﺞ ﺩﻳﻮﺍﺭ ﻳﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺷﻔﺖ ﺗﺎﺳﻴﺴﺎﺗﻲ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﻧﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﺷﺒﮑﻪ ﻓﺎﺿﻼﺏ ﺑﻬﺪﺍﺷﺘﯽ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻣﺤﻞ ﺩﺭﻳﭽﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﺑﺎﺯﺩﻳﺪ‬

‫§‬

‫ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻟﻮﻟﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﻓﻘﻲ )ﻭﺳﺎﻳﻞ ﺑﻬﺪﺍﺷﺘﻲ ﺧﻮﺩ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻧﻨﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭﻳﭽﻪ ﺑﺎﺯﺩﻳﺪ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﮔﺮﺩﻧﺪ(‬

‫§‬

‫ﻣﺤﻞ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺍﻣﺘﺪﺍﺩ ﺑﺎ ﺯﺍﻭﻳﻪ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ‪ 45‬ﺩﺭﺟﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻟﻮﻟﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﻓﻘﻲ‬

‫§‬

‫ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻗﺎﺋﻢ ﻓﺎﺿﻼﺏ‪ ،‬ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺯﺍﻧﻮﻳﻲ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﺑﻪ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﺍﻓﻘﻲ ﺍﺻﻠﻲ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻥ‬

‫§‬

‫ﺭﻭﻱ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﺍﻓﻘﻲ ﺍﺻﻠﻲ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻓﻮﺍﺻﻞ ﺣﺪﺍﮐﺜﺮ ‪ 30‬ﻣﺘﺮﻱ‬

‫ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﺷﺒﮑﻪ ﻓﺎﺿﻼﺏ ﺑﻬﺪﺍﺷﺘﯽ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻭﺳﺎﻳﻞ ﺑﻬﺪﺍﺷﺘﻲ‬

‫ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﻓﺎﺿـﻼﺏ ﺍﺯ ﻭﺳـﺎﻳﻞ ﻭ ﺳﻴﺴـﺘﻢ ﻫـﺎﻳﻲ ﻧﻈﻴـﺮ‬ ‫ﭘﻤﭗﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺗﺎﺳﻴﺴﺎﺕ ﮔﺮﻣﺎﻳﺸﻲ‪ -‬ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﺸﻲ ﮐﻪ ﺗﺨﻠﻴـﻪ ﺁﺏ‬ ‫ﻳﺎ ﻓﺎﺿﻼﺏ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﻪﻃﻮﺭ ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺘﻪ ﻳﺎ ﻧﻴﻤﻪ ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺘﻪ ﺻـﻮﺭﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﻲﮔﻴﺮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﺍﺯﺍﻱ ﻫﺮ ﮔﺎﻟﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻗﻴﻘﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺘﻪ‬ ‫‪ 2‬ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻭ ﺑـﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﺨﻠﻴـﻪ ﻧﻴﻤـﻪ ﭘﻴﻮﺳـﺘﻪ ‪ 1‬ﻭﺍﺣـﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﻣﻲﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪.‬‬

‫ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﺷﺒﮑﻪ ﻓﺎﺿﻼﺏ ﺑﻬﺪﺍﺷﺘﯽ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﺷﻴﺐ ﻟﻮﻟﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﻓﻘﻲ ﻭ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﺍﻓﻘﻲ ﺍﺻﻠﻲ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫§ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺷﻴﺐ ﻟﻮﻟﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﻓﻘﻲ ﺷﻴﺐ ‪ 2%‬ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺑﻬﺘﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﻃﻮﻝ ﺷﺒﮑﻪ ﺛﺎﺑﺖ ﺑﺎﻗﻲ ﺑﻤﺎﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫§ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻱ ﺷﻴﺐ ﮐﻤﺘﺮ‪ ،‬ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺁﻥ ﻧﺒﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻘﺎﺩﻳﺮ ﻣﻨﺪﺭﺝ ﺩﺭ ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ﺯﻳﺮ ﮐﻤﺘﺮ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪:‬‬

‫ﺷﻴﺐ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﺣﺪ ﻟﻮﻟﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﻓﻘﻲ ﻓﺎﺿﻼﺏ‪ ،‬ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺳﻴﺎﻝ ﺩﺭ ﻟﻮﻟﻪﻫـﺎ ﻭ ﺍﻳﺠـﺎﺩ ﻣﮑـﺶ ﺳـﻴﻔﻮﻧﻲ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﺳﺎﻳﻞ ﺑﻬﺪﺍﺷﺘﻲ ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﺑﻪ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻣﻲﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﻴﺐ ﻟﻮﻟﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﻓﻘﻲ ﻧﺒﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﺯ ‪ 4%‬ﺗﺠﺎﻭﺯ ﮐﻨﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﺷﺒﮑﻪ ﻓﺎﺿﻼﺏ ﺑﻬﺪﺍﺷﺘﯽ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻗﻄﺮ ﻟﻮﻟﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﻓﻘﻲ ﻭ ﻟﻮﻟﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﻗﺎﺋﻢ‬

‫ﻗﻄﺮ ﻧﺎﻣﻲ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻗﺎﺋﻢ ﻓﺎﺿـﻼﺏ ﺍﺯ ﭘـﺎﻳﻴﻦ ﺗـﺎ ﺑـﺎﻻﻱ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻥ ﺑﻬﺘﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﻧﮑﻨـﺪ‪ ،‬ﻣﮕـﺮ ﺁﻧﮑـﻪ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻃﺒﻘﺎﺕ ﺑﺎﻻ ﻗﻄﺮ ﻧﺎﻣﻲ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻧﺼﻒ ﻗﻄﺮ ﻧﺎﻣﻲ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻥ ﮐﻤﺘﺮ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬

‫ﺣﺪﺍﻗﻞ ﻗﻄﺮ ﻟﻮﻟﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﻓﻘﻲ ﻭ ﻗﺎﺋﻢ ﻓﺎﺿﻼﺏ ﺳـﺒﮏ‬ ‫‪ 2‬ﺍﻳﻨﭻ ﻭ ﺣـﺪﺍﻗﻞ ﻗﻄـﺮ ﻟﻮﻟـﻪ ﻫـﺎﻱ ﺍﻓﻘـﻲ ﻭ ﻗـﺎﺋﻢ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﺿﻼﺏ ﺳﻨﮕﻴﻦ ‪ 4‬ﺍﻳﻨﭻ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻗﻄﺮ ﻫﻴﭻ ﻳـﮏ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻴﭻ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻧﺒﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﺯ ﻗﻄﺮ ﻗﻄﻮﺭﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻥ ﮐﻤﺘﺮ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﺷﺒﮑﻪ ﻓﺎﺿﻼﺏ ﺑﻬﺪﺍﺷﺘﯽ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻗﻄﺮ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﺍﻓﻘﻲ ﺍﺻﻠﻲ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻥ‬

‫ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﺷﺒﮑﻪ ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ‬ ‫ﺳﻴﻔﻮﻧﺎﮊ )ﻣﮑﺶ ﺳﻴﻔﻮﻧﻲ(‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻞ ﺧﺎﻟﯽ ﺷﺪﻥ ﺳﻴﻔﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﻣﻌﮑﻮﺱ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋـﻪ ﻟﻮﻟـﻪﻫـﺎﻱ ﻫـﻮﺍﮐﺶ ﺑـﻪ ﻫـﻮﺍﻱ ﺁﺯﺍﺩ ﺩﻭ ﺭﻭﺵ ﻣـﻮﺭﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﻲﮔﻴﺮﺩ‪:‬‬ ‫§ ﻫـﻮﺍﮐﺶ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻗﺎﺋﻢ )‪ :(Stack Vent‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻣﺘﺪﺍﺩ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻗﺎﺋﻢ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﺿﻼﺏ ﺍﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻗﻄﺮ ﺗﺎ ﺑﺎﻡ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﻳﺎﺑﺪ‪ .‬ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﺍﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻃﺒﻘﻪ ﺁﺧﺮ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻥ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻧﻤﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫§ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻗﺎﺋﻢ ﻫﻮﺍﮐﺶ )‪ :(Vent Stack‬ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻗﺎﺋﻤﻲ ﺍﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺍﺯ ﭘـﺎﻳﻴﻦ ﺑـﻪ‬ ‫ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﺍﻓﻘﻲ ﺍﺻﻠﻲ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻥ ﻳﺎ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻗﺎﺋﻢ ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﻻ ﺗـﺎ ﺑـﺎﻡ ﺍﺩﺍﻣـﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﻟﻮﻟﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﻗﺎﺋﻢ ﻫﻮﺍﮐﺶ ﻣﻤﮑﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺩﺭ ﻃﺒﻘﻪ ﺁﺧﺮ ﺑﺎ ﻫﻢ ﻳﺎ ﺑﺎ ﻫﻮﺍﮐﺶ‬ ‫ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻗﺎﺋﻢ ﻣﺸﺘﺮﮎ ﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪.‬‬

‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ‪:‬‬

‫§‬ ‫§‬ ‫§‬

‫ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﮔﺎﺯﻫﺎﯼ ﻓﺎﺿﻼﺏ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺪﻳﻞ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ‬ ‫ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﯼ ﺍﺯ ﺧﺎﻟﻲ ﺷﺪﻥ ﺳﻴﻔﻮﻥ‬

‫ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﺷﺒﮑﻪ ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻣﺤﻞ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﻟﻮﻟﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﻓﻘﻲ ﻭ ﻗﺎﺋﻢ ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ ﺭﻭﻱ ﻧﻘﺸﻪ ﭘﻼﻥ‬ ‫§ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺟﺎﻧﻤﺎﻳﻲ ﻭﺳﺎﻳﻞ ﺑﻬﺪﺍﺷﺘﻲ ﻭ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻳﺖﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻳﻲ‪ ،‬ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﺷﺒﮑﻪ ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ ﺗﻮﺳـﻂ ﻣﻬﻨـﺪﺱ ﺗﺎﺳﻴﺴـﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﻣﻲﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ ﺁﻧﺠﺎ ﮐﻪ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﺎﹰ ﻧﻤﻲﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻫﺮ ﻭﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﺑﻬﺪﺍﺷﺘﻲ ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ ﺟﺪﺍﮔﺎﻧﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺖ‪ ،‬ﺍﻳـﻦ ﻣﺮﺣﻠـﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻬﻤﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺩﺭ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻓﺎﺿﻼﺏ ﻣﺤﺴﻮﺏ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻗﻄﺮ ﻟﻮﻟﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﻫﻮﺍﮐﺶ ﺟﺪﺍﮔﺎﻧﻪ‪ ،‬ﻣﺸﺘﺮﮎ ﻭ ﺷﺎﺧﻪ ﺍﻓﻘﻲ‬ ‫§ ﻗﻄﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻟﻮﻟﻪﻫﺎ ﻧﺒﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﺯ ¼‪ 1‬ﺍﻳﻨﭻ ﻳﺎ ﻧﺼﻒ ﻗﻄﺮ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻓﺎﺿﻼﺏ ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﺑﻬﺪﺍﺷﺘﻲ ﮐﻮﭼﮑﺘﺮ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﭼﻨﺎﻧﭽﻪ‬ ‫ﻃﻮﻝ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﻮﺍﮐﺶ ﺗﺎ ﻣﺤﻞ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﺑﻪ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﻮﺍﮐﺶ ﻗﺎﺋﻢ ﻳﺎ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻗـﺎﺋﻢ ﻫـﻮﺍﮐﺶ ﺑـﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ‪ 12‬ﻣﺘـﺮ ﺑﺎﺷـﺪ‪ ،‬ﻗﻄـﺮ ﻟﻮﻟـﻪ‬ ‫ﻫﻮﺍﮐﺶ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻳﮏ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩ ﺑﺰﺭﮔﺘﺮ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬

‫ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﺷﺒﮑﻪ ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻗﻄﺮ ﻟﻮﻟﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﻫﻮﺍﮐﺶ ﻗﺎﺋﻢ‬ ‫ﻭ ﻫﻮﺍﮐﺶ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻗﺎﺋﻢ‬

‫§ ﺍﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ﺍﻧﺘﻬﺎﻱ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﻮﺍﮐﺶ ﺩﺭ ﺭﻭﻱ ﺑﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﮐﻒ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺣﺪﺍﻗﻞ ‪ 30‬ﺳـﺎﻧﺘﻴﻤﺘﺮ ﻭ‬ ‫ﭼﻨﺎﻧﭽﻪ ﺭﻭﻱ ﺑﺎﻡ ﺍﻣﮑﺎﻥ ﺭﻓﺖ ﻭ ﺁﻣﺪ ﻭﺟـﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﺣﺪﺍﻗﻞ ‪ 2/2‬ﻣﺘﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫§ ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ ﺍﻓﻘـﻲ ﺍﻧﺘﻬـﺎﻱ ﻟﻮﻟـﻪ ﻫـﻮﺍﮐﺶ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻫﺮﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﺩﺭ‪ ،‬ﭘﻨﺠﺮﻩ ﺑﺎﺯﺷﻮ ﻳﺎ ﺩﻫﺎﻧـﻪ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ ﻣﻄﺒﻮﻉ ﺣﺪﺍﻗﻞ ‪ 3‬ﻣﺘﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻣﮕﺮ ﺁﻧﮑﻪ ﺍﻧﺘﻬﺎﻱ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﻮﺍﮐﺶ ﺣﺪﺍﻗﻞ ‪60‬‬ ‫ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻴﻤﺘﺮ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻘﻄـﻪ ﻣـﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻈـﺮ ﻗـﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﮔﻴﺮﺩ‪.‬‬

‫ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﺷﺒﮑﻪ ﺁﺏ ﺑﺎﺭﺍﻥ‬ ‫§‬

‫ﺟﺪﺍﻭﻝ ﺑﺮ ﻣﺒﻨﺎﻱ ﺣﺪﺍﮐﺜﺮ ﺑﺎﺭﺵ ‪ 1‬ﺍﻳﻨﭻ ﺑﺮ ﺳﺎﻋﺖ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬

‫§ ﭼﻨﺎﻧﭽﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺠﺎﻭﺭﺕ ﺑﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﺩﻳﻮﺍﺭﻱ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺁﺏ ﺑﺎﺭﺍﻥ ﭘـﺲ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺑﺮﺧﻮﺭﺩ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻥ ﺭﻭﻱ ﺑﺎﻡ ﺟﺎﺭﻱ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻣﺤﺎﺳـﺒﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻧﺼﻒ ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺖ ﺩﻳﻮﺍﺭ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺑﺎﻡ ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪ ﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪.‬‬