۱۸-۱۹ﺁﺫﺭ۱۳۸۲
ﭼﻬﺎﺭﻣﻴﻦ ﻫﻤﺎﻳﺶ ﻣﺮﺍﻛﺰ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻭ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻥ
ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻫــﻮﺷﻤﻨـﺪ ﻣﻮﺗﻮﺭ ﮔﺎﺯﺳﻮﺯ ﻋﺒﺪﺍﻟﺮﺿﺎ ﻧﺮﻳﻤﺎﻥ ﺯﺍﺩﻩ ،ﻋﻠﻲ ﻣﻮﻣﻨﻲ ،ﻏﻼﻣﺮﺿﺎ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺳﻲ ،ﻧﺎﺩﺭ ﺁﻝ ﺍﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ Narimanzadeh@tkcco.com ﭼﮑﻴﺪﻩ
ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﻫﺎﻱ ﮐﺎﺭ ﺍﺯ ﮔﺎﺯﻭﺋﻴﻞ ﺑﻪ ﮔﺎﺯ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﺨﺸﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺍﺳﺘﺮﺍﺗﮋﻳﮏ ﺷﺮﮐﺖ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ
ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﺩﻳﺰﻝ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﺳﺎﺯ ﺁﻏﺎﺯ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎﺕ ﻭ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎﺕ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﯽ ﺩﺭ ﺷﺮﮐﺖ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﮐﺎﺭ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ .ﺩﻻﻳﻞ ﺍﺻﻠﻲ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺑﻌﻀﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻫﺎ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪ ،ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺁﻟﻮﺩﮔﻲ ﻭ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺍﻳﻤﻨﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺍﻃﻤﻴﻨﺎﻥ ﺍﺯ ﻃﻮﻻﻧﻲ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ
ﻣﺪﺕ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻭ ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﺁﻥ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ.
ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺶ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﮔﺎﺯﺳﻮﺯ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻥ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﻫﺎﻱ ﮐﺎﺭ ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭﺍﻥ ﺷﺮﺡ ﮐﺎﻣﻠــﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻫــﺎﻱ
ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻟﻲ ﺍﻟﮑﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﮑﻲ ﻭ ﺳﻨﺴﻮﺭﻫــﺎ ﻭ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮﺩ ﮐﻠﻲ ﺍﻳﻦ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻟﺮ ﺑﺮﺭﺳــﻲ ﻣﻲ ﮔــﺮﺩﺩ .
ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ ﮐﻪ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻫــﺎﻱ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻟﻲ ﺍﻟﮑﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﮑﻲ ﻣﻮﺗﻮﺭ ﻭ ﺳﻨﺴﻮﺭﻫــﺎ ﻭ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮﺩ ﮐﻠﻲ ﺁﻥ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ
ﺫﻳﻞ ﻣﻲ ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺯﻳﻢ :
ﺍﺳﺘﺮﺍﺗﮋﻱ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮﺭﻫــﺎﻱ ﺍﺻﻠﻲ ﺩﺭ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻣﻮﺗﻮﺭ ) ( Map Controlling
ﻣﻌﺮﻓﻲ ﺳﻨﺴﻮﺭﻫــﺎ ﻭ ﺑﻬﻴﻨﺔ ﮐﺎﺭﺑﺮﻱ ﺁﻧﻬــﺎ
ﻣﻌﺮﻓﻲ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻟﻲ Speed Density
ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻫــﺎﻱ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺣﻠﻘﻪ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ) ( Close Loop
ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﺔ ﺁﻻﻳﻨﺪﮔﻲ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﻫــﺎﻱ ﮔﺎﺯﺳﻮﺯ ﺑﺎ ﺩﻳﺰﻝ ﻭ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺍﻟﮑﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﮑﻲ ﺑﺎ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﮑﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﮑﻲ ﻭ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺘﺎﹰ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﺔ ﮐﻠﻲ ﻣﻌﺎﻳﺐ ﻭ ﻣﺰﺍﻳﺎﻱ ﺁﻥ ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺘﻪ ﺧﻮﺍﻫـــﺪ ﺷﺪ .
ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﮐﺎﻣﻴﻮﻥ ﮔﺎﺯ ﺳﻮﺯ ۱۹۲۴ﻃــﺮﺍﺣــﻲ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻮﺗﻮﺭ ﮔﺎﺯ ﺳﻮﺯ ) M355Gﺳﺎﺧﺖ ﺷــﺮﮐــﺖ ﺍﻳﺪﻡ ( ،ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ
ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻦ ﮐﺎﻣﻴﻮﻥ ﮔﺎﺯ ﺳﻮﺯ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷــﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺍﻳﻦ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺷﺮﮐﺖ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﺔ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﮐﺎﺭ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﻭ ﺍﺟﺮﺍ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ
ﺩﺭ ﭼﻬﺎﺭﻣﻴﻦ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ ﻣﺤﻴﻂ ﺯﻳﺴﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﻬﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﺳﺒﺰ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﮔﺮﺩﻳﺪ .
ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ :
ﺍﺯ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺗﺌﻮﺭﻱ ﻫﺮ ﻳﮏ ﮐﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮﻡ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﻳﺴﺖ ﺑﺎ 14.6 kgﻫﻮﺍ ﺑﺴﻮﺯﺩ ﺗﺎ ﺍﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﮔﻴﺮﺩ ) ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ
ﺍﺳﺘﻮﮐﻴﻮﻣﺘﺮﻱ ( ﻭﻟﻲ ﻋﻤﻼﹰ ﺍﻣﮑﺎﻥ ﺭﻋﺎﻳﺖ ﺁﻥ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ ﭼﺮﺍ ﮐﻪ ﻣﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻫﺮ ﻟﺤﻈﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺭﺍﻧﻨﺪﮔﻲ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺧﺎﺹ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻤﺎﻥ
ﻟﺤﻈﻪ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺍﺭﻳﻢ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﻟﺤﻈﻪ ﺷﺘﺎﺏ ﺩﺍﺩﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻨــﮕﺎﻡ ﺣـﺮﮐﺖ ﻳﺎ ﻣــﻮﻗﻊ ﺣﺮﮐﺖ ﻳﮑﻨﻮﺍﺧﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺟﺎﺩﻩ ﺻﺎﻑ ،ﺷﻴﺐ
ﭘﻴﻤﺎﺋﻲ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﺗﺮﻣﺰ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻫﺮﮐﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻮﺍ ﻣﻲ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺑﻄﻮﺭ ﻣﺘﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﺎ ﺷــﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﮐﻢ ﻳﺎ ﺯﻳﺎﺩ ﮔﺮﺩﺩ .ﺑﺎ ﺯﻳﺎﺩ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﻫﻮﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ،ﻣﺨﻠﻮﻁ ﻓﻘﻴﺮ ﺳﻮﺧﺘﻲ ﭘﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻲ ﺁﻳﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻥ ﺷﺎﻫﺪ ﺍﮐﺴﻴﮋﻥ ﺩﺭ ﮔﺎﺯﻫﺎﻱ 1
۱۸-۱۹ﺁﺫﺭ۱۳۸۲
ﭼﻬﺎﺭﻣﻴﻦ ﻫﻤﺎﻳﺶ ﻣﺮﺍﻛﺰ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻭ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻥ
ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ ﺍﮔﺰﻭﺯ ﻫﺴﺘﻴﻢ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺯﻳﺎﺩ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﻧﺴﺒـﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻮﺍ ،ﻣﺨﻠﻮﻁ ﻏﻨﻲ ﺳﻮﺧﺘﻲ ﭘﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻲ ﺁﻳﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻥ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ
ﺷﺎﻫﺪ ﺋـﻴـﺪﺭﻭﮐـﺮﺑﻦ ﻧﺴـﻮﺧـﺘﻪ ﺩﺭ ﮔﺎﺯﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﮔﺰﻭﺯ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﻴﻢ .ﺍﺯ ﻟﺤﺎﻅ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻱ ) ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﮐﻤﺘﺮ ( ﺑﻬﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﺨﻠﻮﻁ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﻭ ﻫــﻮﺍ ،ﻣﺨﻠﻮﻁ ﻓﻘﻴﺮ ﺳﻮﺧﺘﻲ ﺑﺎ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﻫﻮﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ۱۸ /۱ﺍﺳﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﻴﮑﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺑﺪﺳﺖ ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻥ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﺨﻠﻮﻁ
ﻏﻨﻲ ﺳﻮﺧﺘﻲ ﺑﺎ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ۱۲/۱ﺍﻟﻲ ۱۳/۱ﺑﮑﺎﺭ ﺑﺮﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ .
ﭘﺲ ﻫــﻤﺎﻧﻄﻮﺭ ﮐﻪ ﻣﻼﺣﻈﻪ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻩ ﻭﺳﻴﻌﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﻫﻮﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﮐﻪ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﺭﺳﺎﻧﻲ ﻣﻲ
ﺑﺎﻳﺴﺖ ﻃﺒﻖ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﮐﺎﺭ ﻣﻮﺗﻮﺭ ﺟﻮﺍﺑﮕﻮﻱ ﺁﻥ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ .ﺭﻭﻱ ﻫﻤـﻴﻦ ﺍﺻــﻞ ﺳـﺎﺧﺘــﻤﺎﻥ ﮐﺎﺭﺑﺮﺍﺗﻮﺭ ﻫﺎ ﭘﻴﭽﻴﺪﻩ ﺗﺮ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﻣﺪﺍﺭﺍﺕ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﻲ ) ﻋﻤﺪﺗﺎﹰ ﭘﻨﺞ ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ( ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮﺡ ﺫﻳﻞ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻥ ﺑﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺁﻣﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ . ١ ٢ ٣ ۴ ۵
( Main
.ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﺍﺻﻠﻲ ) Circuit .ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﺩﻭﺭ ﺁﺭﺍﻡ ) ( Idle Circuit .ﭘﻤﭗ ﺷﺘﺎﺏ ﺩﻫﻨﺪﻩ ) ( Accelerator Pump .ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﻗﺪﺭﺕ ) ( Power enrichment circuit .ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﺷﻮﮎ ) ( choke circuit
ﺑﺎ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻣﺪﺍﺭﺍﺕ ﺫﮐﺮ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﻣﺪﺍﺭﺍﺕ ﭘﻴﭽﻴﺪﻩ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺩﺭ ﮐﺎﺭﺑﺮﺍﺗﻮﺭ ﮐﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﻣﮑﺎﻧﻴﮑﻲ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻣﻲ ﮐﻨﻨﺪ ،ﺍﻳﻦ ﻭﺳﻴﻠﻪ
ﭘﺎﺳﺦ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﮐﺎﺭﮐﺮﺩ ﻣﻮﺗﻮﺭ ﻧﺪﺍﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﺑﺎﺯﺩﻩ ﻣﻄﻠﻮﺏ ﺑﺪﺳﺖ ﻧﻤﻲ ﺁﻳﺪ ﻭ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﺑﺎﻻ ﺭﻓﺘﻪ ﻭ
ﺩﺭ ﺿﻤﻦ ﺁﻟﻮﺩﮔﻲ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻣﻲ ﻳﺎﺑﺪ .
ﺩﺭ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﺭﺳﺎﻧﻲ ﺍﻧﮋﮐﺘﻮﺭﻱ ﺑﺪﻟﻴﻞ ﻣﺎﻫﻴﺖ ﺍﺟﺰﺍﺀ ﺗﺸﮑﻴﻞ ﺩﻫﻨﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻟﻲ ﺍﻟﮑــﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﮑﻲ ﺁﻥ ،ﻋﻤﻞ
)ﻣﺨﻠﻮﻁ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﻭ ﻫﻮﺍ ( ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﺩﻗﻴﻖ ﺗﺮ ﻭ ﻣﻄﻠﻮﺏ ﺗﺮ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻣــﻮﻗﻊ ﺍﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ . ﺍﺟﺰﺍﺀ ﮐﻠﻲ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺫﻳــﻼﹰ ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻩ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﺍﺳــﺖ :
-١ﮐﻨــﺘﺮﻟــﮕﺮﻫــﺎﻱ ﺍﻟﮑﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﮑــﻲ ) ( ... ، ADM ، ECU -٢ﺳﻨﺴﻮﺭﻫﺎ
-٣ﭘﻤﭗ ﺍﻧﮋﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﻭ ﺍﮐﭽﻮﻳﺘﺮ ﻫــﺎ ﻱ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ
-۴ﻭﺭﻭﺩﻱ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﻋﻤﺎﻟﻲ ﺍﺯﻃﺮﻑ ﺭﺍﻧﻨﺪﻩ ) ﭘﺪﺍﻝ ﮔﺎﺯ ﺍﻟﮑﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﮑﻲ ،ﭘﺪﺍﻝ ﺗﺮﻣﺰ ﺑﺮﻗﻲ ،ﺗﺮﻣﺰ ﻣﻮﺗﻮﺭﻱ ( ... ، -۵ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻫــﺎﻱ ﺍﻟﮑﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﮑﻲ ﺑﺨﺶ ﻫــﺎﻱ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ) ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ASR ، ABSﻭ ( ....
ﺩﺭ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﻫــﺎ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻈﺮ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻣﻮﺗﻮﺭ ﻭ ﺍﺳﺘﺮﺍﺗﮋﻱ ﺁﻥ ،ﺗﮑﻨﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﻫــﺎﻱ ﻣﺨــﺘﻠﻒ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ Lean Burnﻳﺎ
Stoichiometricﻭ ﻳﺎ ﺭﻭﺵ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﺎﺗﻲ ﻭ . . .ﺑﺎ ﻫﻢ ﻣﺘﻔﺎﻭﺕ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ .ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﮐﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺍﺳﺘﻮﮐﻴﻮﻣﺘــﺮﻱ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﺮﺍﺗﮋﻱ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ) ( Speed Densityﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺑﺤﺚ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷــﺪ .
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۱۸-۱۹ﺁﺫﺭ۱۳۸۲
ﭼﻬﺎﺭﻣﻴﻦ ﻫﻤﺎﻳﺶ ﻣﺮﺍﻛﺰ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻭ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻥ
ﻳﮏ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻫﻮﺷﻤﻨﺪ ﻣﻮﺗﻮﺭ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﺍﻱ ﻣﻮﺗﻮﺭ ﺭﺍ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﮐﻨﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻓﻲ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﻫﻮﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻥ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ
ﮐﺎﺭ ﻣﺒﺪﻝ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺘﻲ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻮﻱ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺣﺪﺍﮐﺜﺮ ﺭﺍﻧﺪﻣﺎﻥ ﻣﻮﺗﻮﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ِﺍﺯﺍﻱ ﺣﺪﺍﻗﻞ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺳﻮﺧـﺖ ﺗﻀﻤﻴﻦ ﮐــﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺑﺘـﻮﺍﻧــﺪ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﮐﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺧﺼﻮﺹ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﻭ ﻗﺪﺭﺕ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﺮﺁﻭﺭﺩﻩ ﮐـﻨـﺪ .
ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺭﺳﻴﺪﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻫﺪﺍﻑ ﻓﻮﻕ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺍﻟﮑﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﮑﻲ ﻣﻮﺗﻮﺭ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺎﺋﻲ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺑﻬﻴﻨﻪ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﺩﺭ ﻫﺮ
ﺳﻴﻠﻨﺪﺭ ﻭ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﮐــﻨـﺘﺮﻝ ﺯﻣـﺎﻥ ﺟـﺮﻗــﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻧﻬــﺎ ﺟﻬﺖ ﻧﻴﻞ ﺑﻪ ﮐﺎﺭﺍﺋﻲ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ .ﺩﺭ ﺿﻤﻦ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻳﮏ ﻣﺒﺪﻝ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺘﻲ ﺳﻪ ﺭﺍﻫﻪ ،ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻓﻮﻕ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﻫﻮﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﻣﺸﺨﺼﻲ ﺛﺎﺑﺖ ﻧﮕﻪ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ) ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺣﻠﻘﻪ
ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ( .ﺛــﺎﺑــﺖ ﻧﮕﻪ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻦ ﺩﻭﺭ ﻣﻮﺗﻮﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺩﻭﺭ ﺁﺭﺍﻡ ) ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻣﻴﮑﻪ ﻣﻮﺗﻮﺭ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﺑﺎﺭ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺣﺪﺍﻗﻞ ﺩﻭﺭ ﭘﺎﻳﺪﺍﺭ ﮐﺎﺭ ﻣﻲ ﮐﻨﺪ – ، ( Idle Speedﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺳــﺮﻋـﺖ ﻣﺠــﺎﺯ ،ﻣﺎﮐــﺰﻳﻤﻢ ﺩﻭﺭ ﻣﻮﺗﻮﺭ ﻭ . . .ﺍﺯ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺎﺋــﻲ ﻫــﺎﻱ ﺑﺨﺶ
ﺍﻟﮑــﺘﺮﻭﻧـﻴـﮑﻲ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻫــﺎﻱ ﺍﻧﮋﮐﺘﻮﺭﻱ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﻲ ﮔﻴﺮﺩ ،ﻣــﻲ ﺑﺎﺷــﺪ . ﺑﻄﻮﺭ ﮐﻠﻲ ﻫﺮ ﻗﺴـﻤﺖ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺭﺍ ﻣﻲ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﻫــﺎﻱ ﺍﺳﺎﺳﻲ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ ﮐﺮﺩ : .۱ﻭﺭﻭﺩﻳﻬﺎ
.۲ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ .۳ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻴﻬﺎ
ﻳﮏ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻫﻮﺷﻤﻨﺪ ﻣﻮﺗﻮﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩﻱ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﻱ ) ﺟﻬﺖ ﺍﻃﻼﻉ ﺍﺯ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﻣﻮﺗﻮﺭ ﻭ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ ( ،ﻳﮏ
ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻣﺮﮐﺰﻱ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﮔﻴﺮﻱ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﻲ ) ﺟﻬﺖ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﺣﺎﻻﺕ ﻣﻮﺗﻮﺭ ﻭ ﺻﺪﻭﺭ ﻓﺮﺍﻣﻴﻦ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ
ﮔﺸﺘﺎﻭﺭ ﺩﺭﺧﻮﺍﺳﺘﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻳـﻖ ﭘــﺪﺍﻝ ﮔـﺎﺯ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﺗﺮﻣﺰ ﻣﻮﺗﻮﺭﻱ ﻭ ( ...ﻭ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ ) ﮐﺎﻧﺎﻝ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻱ ﻓﺮﺍﻣﻴﻦ ﺻﺎﺩﺭ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻮﻱ ﭘﺮﻭﺳﺴﻮﺭ ﻣﺮﮐﺰﻱ ( ﺍﺳﺖ .
ﻭﻇﻴﻔﻪ ﺍﺻــﻠﻲ ﻭ ﻋﻤﻠﮑــﺮﺩ ﻭﺍﺣــﺪ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺍﻟﮑﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﮑﻲ ﻣـﻮﺗـﻮﺭ ) ( Engine Control Unitﺩﺭ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﭼﻨﻴﻦ
ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﮐﻪ :
ﻭﺭﻭﺩﻳﻬﺎﻱ ﻳﮏ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻫﻮﺷﻤﻨﺪ ﻣﻮﺗﻮﺭ ،ﺳﻨﺴﻮﺭﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﮐﻪ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﻭ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﻓﻌﻠﻲ ﻣﻮﺗﻮﺭ ﻭ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ
ﺍﻃﻼﻉ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻣﺮﮐﺰﻱ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﮐﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﻣﻲ ﺭﺳﺎﻧﻨﺪ .ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﮐﻪ ﻳﮏ Chipﭘﺮﻭﺳﺴﻮﺭﻱ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺑﺮﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﻧﺮﻡ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺷـﺪﻩ
ﺑﺮ ﺭﻭﻱ ﺁﻥ ﻋـﻤـﻞ ﻣﻲ ﮐﻨﺪ ،ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﻳﻬﺎ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺨﺶ ﻫــﺎﻱ ﻣﺘﻔﺎﻭﺕ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﻭ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﮐﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺗـﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻧـﻴﺎﺯ
ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻫــﺎﻱ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺭﺍ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻓﺮﺍﻣﻴﻦ ﻣﺸـﺨـﺼﻲ ﺭﺍ ﺑــﺮﺍﻱ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﺭﺳﺎﻝ ﻣﻲ ﮐﻨﺪ ،ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻴﻬﺎﻱ ﭼﻨﻴﻦ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻤﻲ ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻻ ﺍﮐﭽﻮﻳﺘﺮ ﻫــﺎ ﻭ ﺭﻟﻪ ﻫــﺎﻱ ﺍﻟﮑﺘﺮﻳﮑﻲ ﻳﺎ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻤﻬﺎﻱ ﺍﻟﮑﺘﺮﻳﮑﻲ ﻣـﻲ ﺑﺎﺷــﻨﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺍﺯ ECUﻓﺮﻣﺎﻥ ﻣﻲ ﮔﻴﺮﻧﺪ .
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۱۸-۱۹ﺁﺫﺭ۱۳۸۲
ﭼﻬﺎﺭﻣﻴﻦ ﻫﻤﺎﻳﺶ ﻣﺮﺍﻛﺰ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻭ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻥ
ﺍﻳـﻦ ﺟﻌﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﮑﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﮑﻲ ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﻳﮏ ﮐﺎﻣﭙـﻴـﻮﺗﺮ ﮐـﻮﭼـﮏ ﺍﺳــﺖ ،ﺗـﺸـﮑـﻴﻞ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺯ -۱:ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺣﺎﻓﻈﻪ ﻣﻮﻗﺖ -۲
ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﺎﺕ ) – ۳ ، ( ALUﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﮐﻨـﺘـﺮﻟﻲ – ۴ ،ﻭﺍﺣـﺪ ﺣــﺎﻓـــﻈﻪ ﺩﺍﺋﻢ )۵ ( E2PROM or Flash Ram – ﻣﺒــﺪﻝ ﺁﻧﺎﻟﻮﮒ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻳﺠﻴﺘﺎﻝ ﻭ ﺑﻠﻌﮑﺲ ﻭ ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻣﻼﺣﻈﻪ ﺍﻱ ﺩﺭﮔﺎﻩ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﻱ ﻭ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ ﺩﻳﺠﻴﺘﺎﻝ ﻭ ﺁﻧﺎﻟﻮﮒ ﺟﻬﺖ ﻗﺮﺍﺋﺖ
ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﻱ ﻭ ﺻﺪﻭﺭ ﻓﺮﺍﻣﻴﻦ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻟﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺤﺮﮐﻬﺎ ﻭ ﺍﺩﻭﺍﺕ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ .
ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺔ ﻧﺮﻡ ﺍﻓــﺰﺍﺭﻱ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ECUﺗﻮﺳــﻂ ﺷﺮﮐــﺖ ﺳـﺎﺯﻧﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺷﺮﮐــﺖ ﺗﻮﺳــﻂ Programmerﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ ﺩﺭ
ICﺭﻳﺨﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺑﺠﺰ ﺍﻓــﺮﺍﺩ ﻣﺠﺎﺯ ﻫﻤﺎﻥ ﺷﺮﮐﺖ ،ﮐﺴﻲ ﺣﻖ ﺍﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻧــﺮﺍ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ .ﺟــــﻬﺖ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ) ( Monitoringﻭ ﻋﻴﺐ ﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﺔ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻳﮏ ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻁ ﺑﺎ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﻋﻴﺐ ﻳﺎﺑــﻲ ) ( Mini Diagﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﺷﺪﻩ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺗﺼــﺎﻝ
ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺗﺴﺖ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﻲ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﻳﮏ ﺳﺮﻱ ﺍﻃــﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻋﻴﺐ ﻳﺎ ﺑﺪﺳﺖ ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻥ ﺍﻃﻼﻋــﺎﺕ ﺩﺭ ﺧﺼﻮﺹ
ﭘﺎﺭﺍﻣﺘﺮﻫــﺎﺋﻲ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺩﻭﺭ ﻣﻮﺗﻮﺭ ،ﺩﻣﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺗﻮﺭ ،ﺍﻃﻼﻋــﺎﺗﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺧﺼﻮﺹ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ) ﺩﺭ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﻫــﺎﻱ ﮔﺎﺯﺳﻮﺯ ( ﻭ ... ﺑــﺪﺳــﺖ ﺁﻭﺭﺩ .ﻻﺯﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺫﮐــﺮ ﺍﺳـﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺍﮐﺜﺮ ﺷﺮﮐﺖ ﻫــﺎﻱ ﺳﺎﺯﻧﺪﻩ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﻮﻉ ﻣﻮﺗﻮﺭﻫــﺎ ) ﺑﺎ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺍﻟﮑﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﮑــﻲ ( ﺍﻣﮑﺎﻥ
ﺩﺧــﻞ ﻭ ﺗﺼﺮﻑ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﻫــﺎﻱ ﺗﺴﺘﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﮐﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﻧﻤﻲ ﺩﻫﺪ ﻭ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﻣﮑﺎﻥ Monitoringﺍﻃــﻼﻋــﺎﺕ ﻭ ﻋﻴﻮﺏ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻣﻲ ﺑــﺎﺷﺪ .ﺍﻟﺒﺘﻪ ﻣﺎ ﻭﻗﻮﻉ ﻫــﺮ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﺩ ﺍﺻﻠﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ) ( Faultﺭﺍ ﺗﻮﺳــﻂ ﻳﮏ ﻧﺸﺎﻧﮕــﺮﻱ ) ﻧﮕﻴﻨﻲ ( ﺑﺮ ﺭﻭﻱ ﺩﺍﺷﺒﻮﺭﺩ ،ﺭﻭﺑﺮﻭﻱ ﺭﺍﻧﻨــﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﮐﺎﺑﻴﻦ ﺩﺍﺭﻳﻢ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺭﻭﺷﻦ ﺷﺪﻥ ﻣﻤﺘﺪ ﻳﺎ ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺕ ﺭﻭﺷﻦ ﻭ ﺧﺎﻣﻮﺵ ﺷــﺪﻥ ﻣﺘﻨﺎﻭﺏ ﺑﻪ
ﺭﺍﻧﻨﺪﻩ ﺍﻋــﻼﻡ ﺑﺮﻭﺯ ﺍﻳــﺮﺍﺩ ﻣـﻲ ﮐـﻨـﺪ .ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﺸــﺎﻧﮕﺮ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻤــﺎﹰ ﺗﻮﺳــﻂ ﻭﺍﺣــﺪ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻟﻲ ،ﺭﻭﺷﻦ ﻣﻲﮔــﺮﺩﺩ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺤﺾ
ﺭﻓــﻊ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﺩ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﺸﺎﻧﮕــﺮ ﻫﻢ ﺧﺎﻣﻮﺵ ﺧــﻮﺍﻫــﺪ ﺷــﺪ .ﺍﻟﺒﺘﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺷﺮﮐﺘﻬﺎﻱ ﺳﺎﺯﻧﺪﺓ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺭﻭﺵ ﻣﺘﻔﺎﻭﺗﻲ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﻳﻦ ﮐﺎﺭ
ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷــﺪ .
ﺫﮐــﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﮑﺎﺕ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺍﻫــﻤـﻴﺖ ﺑﻴـﺶ ﺍﺯ ﺣﺪ ﻭﺍﺣــﺪ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻟﻲ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺗﻲ ﻣﺮﮐـﺰ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻟـﻲ ﮐـﻞ
ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻗــﻮﺍﻱ ﻣﺤﺮﮐﻪ ﻣــﻲﺑﺎﺷــﺪ ،ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﺧــﺖ ﺍﻳﻦ ICﻫــﺎ ﺍﺯ ﺗﮑﻨﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱﻫـﺎﻱ ﭘﻴﺸﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﻭ ﭘﻴﭽـــﻴﺪﻩ ﺟﻬـﺖ ﺍﻳﺰﻭﻻﺳـﻴﻮﻥ ﻭ
ﻣﺤﺎﻓﻈﺖ ﻫﺎﻱ ﻻﺯﻣﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻧـﻈــﺮ ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﮐﻮﺗﺎﻩ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ ،ﻭﻟﺘـﺎﮊ ﺑـﺎﻻ ) ( High Voltageﺗـﺎ ﺣـﺪﻭﺩ ﭼﻨـﺪ ﮐﻴﻠﻮ ﻭﻟﺖ ،ﺣــﺮﺍﺭﺕ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ۱۲۰ﺍﻟﻲ ۱۵۰ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﺳﻠﺴﻴﻮﺱ ،ﺭﻃﻮﺑــﺖ ،ﻓـﺸــﺎﺭ ﻭ . . .ﺑﮑﺎﺭ ﮔــﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﻣـﻲﺷــﻮﺩ .
** ﻋﻼﻭﻩ ﺑـﺮ ﺁﻥ ﻳﮏ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺔ ﻧــﺮﻡ ﺍﻓــﺰﺍﺭﻱ ﺩﺭ ﺑﻌﻀﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻤﻬــﺎ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺭﻳﺰﻱ ﺷــﺪﻧﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺷــﺪﻥ
ﺻﺪﻣــﺎﺕ ﺍﺳﺎﺳﻲ ﮐﻪ ﺍﻣﮑﺎﻥ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﺔ ﮐﺎﺭ ﺑــﺮﺍﻱ ECUﺑﻪ ﺻــﻮﺭﺕ ﻧــﺮﻣــﺎﻝ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻧﺪﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ECU ،ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ
ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﻃﺒﻖ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺔ ﺧﺎﺹ ﮐﺎﺭ ﮐــﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻣــﻮﺗــﻮﺭ ﺑﺎ ﻳﮏ ﺩﻭﺭ ﺛﺎﺑﺖ ﮐﺎﺭ ﻣﻴﮑﻨﺪ ﺗﺎ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺰﺩﻳﮑﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺗﻌﻤﻴﺮﮔﺎﻩ ﻣﺮﺍﺟﻌﻪ ﮐﻨﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﺮﺍﻳــﻂ ﺣﺎﻟـﺖ Emergency Runningﺍﻃــﻼﻕ ﻣﻲ ﮔــﺮﺩﺩ . **** **** *********
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ﺩﺭ ﻗﺮﻥ ﺣــﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺍﺳﺘــﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺭﻭﺯﺍﻓــﺰﻭﻥ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﻫــﺎﻱ ﻓﺴﻴﻠﻲ ﻣﻌـﻀﻞ ﺑﺰﺭﮔﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻧــﺎﻡ ﺁﻟﻮﺩﮔــﻲ ﻣﺤـﻴﻂ
ﺯﻳـﺴﺖ ﮔﺮﻳﺒﺎﻧﮕﻴﺮ ﻧﺴـﻞ ﺑﺸــﺮﻱ ﮔﺮﺩﻳﺪﻩ ﺍﺳـﺖ .ﺁﻻﻳﻨـﺪﻩﻫـــﺎﺋﻲ ﮐﻪ ﻋﻤـﺪﺗﺎﹰ ﮔﺎﺯﻫـــﺎﻱ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ ﮐﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺍﮔــﺰﻭﺯ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ
ﺍﻧﺘـﺸـﺎﺭ ﻣﻲ ﻳﺎﺑﻨﺪ ،ﺑﺎﻋـﺚ ﺗﺨﺮﻳـﺐ ﻧﺒﺎﺗﺎﺕ ،ﻻﻳﺔ ﺍﹸﺯﻥ ،ﮔﺮﻡ ﺷــﺪﻥ ﺩﻣـﺎﻱ ﺳـﻄﺢ ﺯﻣﻴﻦ ،ﺷﻴﻮﻉ ﻫﺮ ﭼﻪ ﺑﻴﺸـﺘﺮ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱ ﻫــﺎﻱ ﺭﻳﻮﻱ ﻭ ﺗﻨـﻔـﺴــﻲ ﻭ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﮔﺎﺯﻫــﺎﻱ ﺧﻴﻠﻲ ﺳﻤﻲ ﻭ ﺧﻄﺮﻧﺎﮎ ﻭ ﻏﻴﺮﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﻧــﺪ . 4
۱۸-۱۹ﺁﺫﺭ۱۳۸۲
ﭼﻬﺎﺭﻣﻴﻦ ﻫﻤﺎﻳﺶ ﻣﺮﺍﻛﺰ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻭ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻥ
ﺍﺯ ﺳﺎﻝ ۱۹۵۰ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﺎﻻﺕ ﻣﺘـﺤـﺪﻩ ﺍﻣﺮﻳﮑﺎ ﻭ ﺳﭙﺲ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺭﻭﭘﺎ ،ﮊﺍﭘــﻦ ﻭ ﺍﺧــﻴــﺮﺍﹰ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺍﺳــﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩﻫــﺎﺋﻲ ﺩﺭ
ﺟــﻬــﺖ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻭ ﻣﺤــﺪﻭﺩ ﮐــﺮﺩﻥ ﻣﻴـﺰﺍﻥ ﺁﻻﻳﻨﺪﻩ ﻫــﺎﻱ ﺧﺮﻭﺟــﻲ ﻣﻮﺗﻮﺭﻫــﺎﻱ ﻭﺳﺎﻳــﻂ ﻧﻘﻠﻴﻪ ﻭﺿﻊ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳـﺖ ﮐﻪ
ﺷﺮﮐﺖﻫــﺎﻱ ﺳﺎﺯﻧﺪﻩ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧـﻮﻉ ﻣﻮﺗﻮﺭﻫﺎ ﻣﻠـﺰﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺭﻋــﺎﻳﺖ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳــﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩﻫــﺎ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ .ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﺍﺳــﺘﺎ ﺷﺮﮐــﺖ ﻫﺎﺋﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳــﺮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺍﺭﺗﻘﺎﺀ ﺗﮑﻨﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﻭ ﮐﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻱ ﻭ ﺗﺎﻣـﻴـﻦ ﺍﻟـﺰﺍﻣـﺎﺕ ﺯﻳﺴﺖ ﻣﺤﻴـﻄﻲ ،ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﻫــﺎ ﻭ
ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻣــﺎﺗﻲ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﮐﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺟﻤﻠﺔ ﺍﻳـﻦ ﭘﺮﻭﮊﻩ ﻫـﺎ ،ﺍﺳﺘـﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻮﺧـﺖﻫــﺎﻱ ﺟﺎﻳﮕــﺰﻳﻦ LPGﻭ CNGﺩﺭ ﺑـﺮﺧﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻴﭗ
ﻣﻮﺗﻮﺭﻫــﺎ ﻣﻲ ﺑــﺎﺷـﺪ ..ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﭘﺮﻭﮊﻩ ﻫﺎ ﺿﻤﻦ ﺑﻬﺒﻮﺩ ﭘﺎﺭﺍﻣـﺘـﺮﻫــﺎﻱ ﻋﻤﻠــﮑﺮﺩﻱ ﮐﻠﻲ ﻣﻮﺗﻮﺭ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻮﺗﻮﺭ ﺩﻳﺰﻟﻲ ،ﺑﺎﻋـﺚ
ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﭼﺸﻤﮕﻴﺮ ﺁﻻﻳﻨﺪﻩ ﻫــﺎﺋﻲ ﻧﻈﻴﺮ ﺩﻭﺩ ﻭ ﺫﺭﺍﺕ ﻣﻌﻠﻖ ﮔﺮﺩﻳﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳــﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻳﮏ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟـﻴـﺴﺖ ﺳﻪ ﺭﺍﻫــﻪ ،ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ ﺁﻻﻳﻨﺪﮔﻲ ﺍﺭﻭﭘﺎﺋﻲ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺭﺍﺣـﺘـﻲ ﺍﺭﺿﺎﺀ ﻣﻲﮐﻨـﺪ ﻭ ﺿﻤﻦ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺣــﺪﻭﺩ %25ﮔﺎﺯ CO2ﺧﺮﻭﺟــﻲ ﺍﮔـﺰﻭﺯ ﺑﺎﻋـﺚ
ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺍﻱ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺛـﺮﺍﺕ ﺗﺨﺮﻳﺒﻲ ﺯﻳﺴﺖ ﻣﺤﻴــﻄﻲ ﻧﺎﺷــﻲ ﺍﺯ ﮔﺎﺯﻫــﺎﻱ ﮔﻠﺨﺎﻧﻪ ﺍﻱ ﻣﻲﮔــﺮﺩﺩ . : ECU – ۱
ﺍﺯ ﻧﻈــﺮ ﺍﻣﻨﻴﺖ ﻭ ﺍﻫــﻤﻴﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ،ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺩﺭﺟﺔ Securityﺭﺍ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﺣﺘﻴﺎﻁ
ﺍﺯ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻧﺼﺐ ،ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﻭ ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺁﻥ ﺭﻋــﺎﻳـﺖ ﻣـﻲﮔــﺮﺩﺩ ECU .ﺑﻪ ﻋـﻨـﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﻐﺰ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻪ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻫــﺎﻱ
ﺍﺣﺘﺮﺍﻕ
ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺁﻥ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻣﻲ ﮔــﺮﺩﺩ ،ﺍﻃــﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻨﺴﻮﺭﻫــﺎ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﮐﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻧﺠــﺎﻡ ﻳﮏ ﺳــﺮﻱ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺭﻳﺎﺿﻲ ﻭ ﻣﻨــﻄﻘﻲ ﻭ ﺑﺮﺍﺳــﺎﺱ ﻳﮏ ﻣﻘــﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﺍﺯ Store MAPﺯﺍﻭﻳﺔ ﭘﺎﺷﺶ ﻭ ﺯﻣــﺎﻥ ﭘﺎﺷﺶ ﺭﺍ ﺣﺴﺎﺏ ﮐﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻓﺮﻣﺎﻥ ﻫــﺎﻱ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﭘﻮﺭﺕ ﺧـﺮﻭﺟﻲ ﺍﺭﺳﺎﻝ ﻣـﻲﮔﺮﺩﺩ .ﺩﺭ ﺍﺻـــﻞ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻐـﻴﻴﺮ ﺯﺍﻭﻳﺔ ﭘﺎﺷﺶ ﻭ ﻣﺪﺕ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺗﺰﺭﻳـﻖ ﺳـﻮﺧــﺖ ﮔﺸﺘﺎﻭﺭ ﺩﺭﺧــﻮﺍﺳـﺘـﻲ ﺭﺍ ﺍﻋـﻤـﺎﻝ ﻣـﻲ ﮐـﻨـﺪ . ﺩﺭ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻫــﺎﻱ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﺎﺗﻲ ) ( Speed Densityﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﺔ ﺟﺮﻡ ﻫــﻮﺍﻱ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻘﻲ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﻫﺮ ﺳﻴﻠﻨﺪﺭ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﺣﺪ ﮔﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ Maf Sensorﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘــﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﭼﻨﺪ ﺳﻨﺴﻮﺭ ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻝ ،ﺍﻃــﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻓﺮﻣﻮﻝ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﺎﺗﻲ
ﮔﺎﺯﻫــﺎﻱ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ **** N
P1 .V 1 T1
Ideal Gas Roleﻭ
ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺭﺍﻧﺪﻣــﺎﻥ ﺣﺠﻤﻲ ﮔﺎﺯ ﻣﺤﺎﺳـﺒـﻪ ﻣــﻲ ﮔــﺮﺩﺩ .
5
M V
U
****
ﺑﻪ ﻭﺍﺣــﺪ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺍﺭﺳﺎﻝ
۱۸-۱۹ﺁﺫﺭ۱۳۸۲
ﭼﻬﺎﺭﻣﻴﻦ ﻫﻤﺎﻳﺶ ﻣﺮﺍﻛﺰ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻭ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻥ
ﻣﺎ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﺔ ﺣﺠﻢ ﻫﻮﺍ ﺍﺯ ﻓﺮﻣﻮﻝ ﻓﻮﻕ ،ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻃــﻼﻋــﺎﺕ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﻭ ﺩﻣــﺎﻱ ﻫﻮﺍ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻨﻴﻔﻠﺪ ﺩﺍﺭﻳﻢ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻨﺴﻮﺭ ﻫــﺎﻱ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺁﻥ ﺑﻌﺪﺍﹰ ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻩ ﺧــﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺷــﺪ ،ﻣﻘﺎﺩﻳﺮ ﺷﺎﻥ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ECUﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﻋﺪﺍﺩ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺣﺠﻢ ﻫﻮﺍﻱ ﺩﺍﺧــﻞ ﺳﻴــﻠﻨﺪﺭ ﻣـﺤـﺎﺳـﺒﻪ ﻣﻴﮕــﺮﺩﺩ . ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﮔﺮﺩﺩ ﮐﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒــﺎﺗﻲ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘــﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻳﮏ ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ،ﺭﺍﻧﺪﻣﺎﻥ ﺣﺠﻤﻲ ﻋﻤﻠﻲ ﺳﻴﻠﻨﺪﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺎ ﺧــﻮﺍﻫــﺪ ﺩﺍﺩ ﮐﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺤﻮﺭ ﻫــﺎﻱ ) ﺭﺍﻧﺪﻣﺎﻥ – ﺩﻭﺭ ﻣــﻮﺗﻮﺭ ( ﻣﻲ ﺑــﺎﺷﺪ .ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻋﺪﺩ ﺣﺎﺻــﻞ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳـﺖ ﮐﻪ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻫﻮﺷﻤﻨﺪ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﺭﺍ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻧﮋﮐﺘﻮﺭﻫــﺎ ﻋﺮﺽ ﭘﺎﻟﺲ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺭﺍ ﺍﻋﻤــﺎﻝ ﻣﻴﮑﻨﺪ . – ۲ﺳﻨﺴﻮﺭﻫــﺎ :
ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺩﺳﺘﻴﺎﺑﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺻﺤﻴﺢ ﻣﺨﻠﻮﻁ ﻫﻮﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﮐﺎﺭﻱ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻭ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮﺩ ﺻﺤﻴﺢ ﻣﻮﺗﻮﺭ ،
ﺳﻨﺴﻮﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺘﻌﺪﺩﻱ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺟﺰﺍﺀ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﻧﺼﺐ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﻪ ECUﺍﺭﺳﺎﻝ ﻣﻲ ﮔﺮﺩﺩ .ﻧﻮﻉ ﻭ ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ﺳﻨﺴﻮﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺗﻮﺭ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻮﻉ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻲ ECUﻭ ﺗﮑﻨﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﺑﮑﺎﺭ ﺭﻓﺘﻪ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ .ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮ ﻫــﺎﻱ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒــﺎﺕ ﺳﻨﺴﻮﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮﺡ ﺯﻳﺮ ﻣﻲ ﺑــﺎﺷﻨﺪ . .۱ﺳﻨﺴﻮﺭ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﻫﻮﺍﻱ ﻣﻨﻴﻔﻠﺪ ) ( P .۲ﺳﻨﺴﻮﺭ ﺩﻣﺎﻱ ﻫﻮﺍﻱ ﻣﻨﻴﻔﻠﺪ ) ( T .۳ﺳﻨﺴﻮﺭ ﺩﻣــﺎﻱ ﮔﺎﺯ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻘﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺍﻧﮋﮐﺘﻮﺭﻫــﺎ . ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﺟﺮﻡ ﻫﻮﺍ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ %95ﺍﺯ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﺎﺕ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻃــﻼﻋــﺎﺕ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳﻪ ﺳﻨﺴﻮﺭ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺍﺳــﺖ . ﺍﻟﺒﺘﻪ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺫﮐﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺩﻣﺎﻱ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﺩﺭﺳﺖ ﺟﺮﻡ ﻣﺤــﺎﺳﺒـﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻮﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺍﺳﺘﻮﮐﻴﻮ ﻣﺘﺮﻳﮏ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷــﺪ . ﺍﻣﺎ ﻳﮑﻲ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺍﺯ ﮐﺎﺭﻫــﺎﻱ ﺍﺻﻠﻲ ECUﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺩﺭﺳﺖ ﺍﺣﺘﺮﺍﻕ ﻭ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﻣﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺁﻭﺍﻧﺲ ﻭ ﺭﻳﺘﺎﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺣﺘﻲ ﻗﻄﻊ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﻣﻲ ﺑــﺎﺷﺪ .ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﻳﻦ ﮐﺎﺭ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ Loadﻭ ﺩﻭﺭ ﻣﻮﺗﻮﺭ ﻭ ﺩﻣــﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺗﻮﺭ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﮐﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﺯ ﭘﺮﺕ ﻫــﺎﻱ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺑﻪ ECUﺍﺭﺳﺎﻝ ﻣﻲ ﮐﻨــﺪ .ﺳﻨﺴﻮﺭ ﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻟﻲ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺗﻨﺪ ﺍﺯ : .۱ﺳﻨﺴﻮﺭ ﺩﻣﺎﻱ ﺁﺏ ﻣﻮﺗﻮﺭ 6
۱۸-۱۹ﺁﺫﺭ۱۳۸۲
ﭼﻬﺎﺭﻣﻴﻦ ﻫﻤﺎﻳﺶ ﻣﺮﺍﻛﺰ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻭ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻥ
.۲ﺳﻨﺴﻮﺭ ﺩﻭﺭ ﻣﻮﺗﻮﺭ Pick Up Sensor ﺑﺨﺶ ﻣﻬﻢ ﻭ ﻧﻬﺎﺋﻲ ﮐﺎﺭ ECUﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ CLOSE LOOPﻳﺎ ﺑﺎﺯﺧﻮﺩ ﻣﻨﻔﻲ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﮐﻪ ﻳﮏ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻃﻤﻴﻨﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﻻ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺁﻻﻳﻨﺪﮔﻲ ﻣﻮﺗﻮﺭ ﻣﻲ ﺑــﺎﺷﺪ .ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﺮﺍﮊﻱ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﺭﺿﺎﻱ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ) ( O = 1ﺍﺳﺘﻮﮐﻴﻮﻣﺘﺮﻳﮏ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ . ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ ﻣﻮﺗﻮﺭ ﻳﮏ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ ﺍﮔﺰﻭﺯ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻻﻣﺒﺪﺍ ﺳﻨﺴﻮﺭ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓـﺖ ﮐﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ Leanﻳﺎ Reachﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﻣﺨﻠﻮﻁ ﻳﮏ ﺿﺮﻳﺐ ﺗﺼﺤﻴﺢ ﺩﻳﮕﺮﻱ ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭ MAPﺩﻳﮕﺮﻱ ﺩﺭ ECUﺫﺧﻴــﺮﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺮﺍﺝ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﺍﻋﻤﺎﻟﻲ ﺍﺛﺮ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺳﻌﻲ ﺩﺭ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ) ( O = 1ﻣﻲ ﻧﻤﺎﻳـﺪ . .۱ﻻﻣﺒــﺪﺍ ﺳﻨﺴﻮﺭ **************************
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ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳـﻦ ﻣﺴﺌﻠﻪ ﻣﻬﻢ ﺍﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭ ﭼﻨﻴﻦ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺍﺣﺘــﺮﺍﻗﻲ ﮐﻪ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ %95ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﺎﺕ ﺑﺮﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﺩﻭ
ﺳﻨﺴﻮﺭ Mapﻭ RPMﺍﻧﺠــﺎﻡ ﻣﻲ ﮔـﺮﺩﺩ .ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻣــﺤﺎﺳﺒــﺎﺕ ﺳﺮﻳﻊ ﺩﺍﻧﺴﻴﺘﻪ ) ﮔﺎﺯ ﻭ ﻫــﻮﺍ ( ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﻣﻴﺸﻮﺩ .
ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﻣــﻲﮔـﻴﺮﻳﻢ ﮐﻪ ECUﭘﺮﺳﺴﻮﺭﻱ ﺍﺳـﺖ ﮐﻪ ﮐﻞ ﺍﻃــﻼﻋــﺎﺕ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻨﺴﻮﺭﻫــﺎ ﺑﻌﻼﻭﻩ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻪ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓــﺖ
ﮐــﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻣﺤــﺎﺳﺒﺎﺕ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺭﺍ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳـﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺟﺪﺍﻭﻝ ﻣــﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ ﻭ ﺑﺎﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ Firm Ware file & Cal Fileﺍﻋــﺪﺍﺩ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﺧــﺮﻭﺟــﻲ ﺍﺳﺘﻨﺘﺎﺝ ﻭ ﺍﺳﺘﺨــﺮﺍﺝ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺧﺮﻭﺟــﻲ ﻫــﺎﻱ ﺍﻋﻤــﺎﻝ ﻱﮔــﺮﺩﺩ
7
۱۳۸۲ ﺁﺫﺭ۱۸-۱۹
ﭼﻬﺎﺭﻣﻴﻦ ﻫﻤﺎﻳﺶ ﻣﺮﺍﻛﺰ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻭ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻥ
ECU ﻳﮏ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺑﻠﻮﮎ ﺩﻳﺎﮔــﺮﺍﻡ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑــﻪ Engine Control Module Coolant Temperature Intake Air Temperature CNG Cylinder Pressure Throttle Position * Gas Temperature Oxygen Sensore 1 Intake Manifold Pressure Battery Voltage
Engine RPM EGR Solenoid MAF Sensor Camshaft Position Spare Spare
Microprosesor
Analog Signal In
Injector Drives Analog Inputs
Fule Gauge Drive
Digital
Out puts Digital Signal Out
Digital Inputs
Sparke Out Put Drive Idel Drive
Low Soeed Digital Drives
Keyed Power Unkeyed Power 5v Out Put
Power Suplly
Flash Memory
8
Injector No.1 Injector No.2 Injector No.3 Injector No.4 Fuel Gauge Injection System By Pass Signal OEM Idle Air Cont.
CNG Shut Off Gasoline Shut Off Mod Inject Lamp Mal function Lamp Spare
۱۸-۱۹ﺁﺫﺭ۱۳۸۲
ﭼﻬﺎﺭﻣﻴﻦ ﻫﻤﺎﻳﺶ ﻣﺮﺍﻛﺰ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻭ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻥ
ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﮔـﻴـﺮﻱ : ﺍﺯ ﺩﻻﺋــﻞ ﻣﺰﺍﻳﺎﻱ ﮔﺎﺯ ﺳﻮﺯ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻳــﺰﻝ :
xﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﻱ ﺍﺯ ﻭﺍﺭﺩﺍﺕ ﺳﻮﺧﺘﻬﺎ ﻱ ﻓﺴﻴﻠﻲ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺣﻤﻞ ﻭﻧﻘﻞ . xﺍﺭﺯﺍﻥ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﮔﺎﺯ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﻭ ﻣﺸﻜﻞ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺁﻥ .
xﺁﻟﻮﺩﮔﻲ ﺯﻳﺴﺖ ﻣﺤﻴﻄﻲ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻮﺧﺘﻬﺎﻱ ﻓﺴﻴﻠﻲ ﻭ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﮔﺎﺯﻫﺎﻱ ﮔﻠﺨﺎﻧﻪ ﺍﻱ .
xﺣﺬﻑ ﺩﻭﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺫﺭﺍﺕ ﻣﻌﻠﻖ ﻭﻧﻴﺰ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺁﻻﻳﻨﺪﻩ ﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﻧﻈﻴﺮ HC ، NOxﻭ COﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺍﻧﺠـﺎﻡ ﺻـﺤﻴﺢ ﺗﺒـﺪﻳﻞ ﻣﻮﺗﻮﺭ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﻫﺎ .
xﻋﺎﺭﻱ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒﺎﺕ ﺣﺎﻭﻱ ﺳﺮﺏ ﻭ ﺩﻱ ﺍﻛﺴﻴﺪ ﺳﻮﻟﻔﻮﺭ ﻭ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒﺎﺕ ﺳﺮﻃﺎﻥ ﺯﺍ . xﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﺟﻬﺖ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﭼﺸﻤﮕﻴﺮ ﺁﻻﻳﻨﺪﮔﻲ .
ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﺮﺍﺗﮋﻱ ،ﭼﻨﻴﻦ ﻓﺮﺍﻳﻨـﺪﻱ ﺍﺭ ﻧـﻈــﺮ ﺍﻗﺘــﺼﺎﺩﻱ ،ﺁﻻﻳﻨـﺪﮔﻲ ﻭ ﺍﻟﮕـﺪﻱ ﻣﺼـﺮﻑ ﺳـﻮﺧﺖ ﮐـﺎﻣﻼﹰ ﻗﺎﺑـــﻞ ﺗﻮﺟﻴـﻪ
ﺧﻮﺍﻫــﺪﺑــﻮﺩ .ﻳﮏ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﺩﺭﺳﺖ .
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