Cimrdc04 153 771347

%"& #$ "!

(

- 01 / 2 )/ ' (# ) *

3

6

. 9$

,8

+ , -

2

.

1

5, 67

/ 8 -

-34

: ( ;: * Email:momeni@tkcco.com

'< = $

%& ' ( ) ! ")

*+

/0

C&8 ) D E

)( 1 !+ +

+ (F G 7 + /+ :+

4 1 !+ !

( <3 1 GT ! " !+ S &

K G ! 1! "

+

(

,

-( (

! + 2 >

/0

! ") 3 4/ 5 6

?+ )@ 1 A + B

- & ) % ! *+ -( > ; % B ' M + * D - N 1+

8) 9:

>

. B

GT ! " ! 1

3B

)( 1 !+ B 8 CR

<31 +

+ ( I + *UV/

(Y Z; @

"

3B +

: 3L ) CL 6

! 1! " < % 1 < 3 W+ L+ !+ X . 0

6 ); : 0+ < .

*+ + .

3 ( 1 H+ I+ !+ B ,

1+ 70 )1+ 3 . )1+ ; %

. )1+ B 7 (+ 6 CNG LNG > ANG

'() 7

+

E [+ +

+ = ( !+ " D

CJ

" D

; + KG

B

%OP

+

(

>

C

G 8+ .)B+ I

I 8! 1! " 7 7D 2

"

5 (

)( 1

7\ )1+ ] +

(Y

LNG 8 ANG 8 CNG '< : ' (# / @ : )< 3: ) '>

] + ] +

G8

" N B \ _ C B B + N B \ _^ G8

" N B \ _ a X N B \ _` 1 3

)

_b

%"& #$ "!

< + ?) )

!+ 7( B 7 1 8

7

+

> B

UR

+

(+ 7

c

1 > 3 0 I ) 1+ 7 B+

. B D 8 C0 " D +

( +

)0 I

(7 + ! 1

GT ! "

(

/0

+

+

%C

+ +

(

;@

71 8

"+

;(+ ! 1

] 6

7 ! +

?+

D

(

@ ; hT +

;

3I T >

+

"

:+ R 7 F

( j2 70 )1+ <C

30 B. "

7 B+

1 F

! !

4 L

( :+ + )0 B

B

k

( :+ +

] D V8 i1

1+

+

)( 1 !+

1+

/0

(Y

3 ": 08 ;

( <3 1 (!

"+

B ' M + * D - N 1+ . B

L (

! ". ) 1+ ; %

; ! "

(o

' C / 1+

?

(

.

4

*+ Y

CO

)( 1 !+ B 8 CR

D >(HC) 7 ( %

%0+ l ;@

HC

/

B!

>(CO)

0 m

B $fL *

> 7

8

3B

" D

<31 +

0 %0+

H+ I+ !+ n6

VC

;(

; + KG

G 8+

I

5

B

%OP

5

! " !+ T ;@ >

$ 1 * G 0 8 + C3 70 )1+ *!+

@ )D I 7 70 )1+

! " > SO2 p

"+

: 3L ) CL 6

L

+ +

A B) /+

(

g 2&8 > 3 +f"

+ + + ' 4C

+ + )% ! A & !+ )9 I

0 D 8

(

L

( : 0 ! 1! " ] 6 7\ 0 D 8 C0 " D

/0

()

3 0 B 7 0 ) 1+ dI G 7;CL !+ " D e& >

( 8 )1+ 7 " *

+ L+ 7;I 7 h T +

1+

. CW +

0

] D V8

8

!+ 7 3

) 3L 7

+

-

8

. ) 1+ 7 ;CL : !+ K

3 ; ? )1+

CB

[

" " * G 0 8 g; *+ Y

B ! "+

UR .

"

!">

/ +

0 B

)( 1 !+

1+ 7 ;CL !+

L : 7M 70 + ' M + [ J

"

"

+

3;I + > ! 1

( ! "+ !+ /

70

%

07

0 D 8 3( 1>

] +K

/0 4 L

:+ R 7

:+ R 7 :+ + 3( 1. C 4 1 qG 1

+ 1+

L

4 L

7 :+ +

/0

1+

GT ! " K

7V +

4 L )( 1 :+ R 7 )( 1 + !+ :+ 8 (

!"

'

+ F

/ 8+ F

GT ! " > o

B (7

*

: i 0 8>F 1

D C

3;VD+ [+ + >

B V /8 : !+ :

3;

)

p 7

" 3 / 6 C0 " 5

3 ( 1 !+

: 6 6 !+ T ;@ 5 C 70 (liquefied petroleum gas) LPG K ! " 7 :+ 8 CNG

!" + 2 j 0

: 1 B 0 G? 38 !+ +fD . )1+ . B

GT ! "

5

] D V8 : " p

)1+ h - : 3L 1

3( 1

L7

3 ( 1 + 7;CL !+ . ?

i 1 87

) 1+ : 8

CR 70 (compressed natural gas )

%"& #$ "!

h B7

2

CI )

3(

1

1 7 )G % )(

1

+ !+

1+

+ 7

U( - . : B

. 2

CI )

.: *+ . + 7 @;" 8

G8 S &

!"j 0

+ :

;%

.+! : T 1 * G 0 8

3 ( 1 *+ + !+

V/

/0

5 j 0

D 1 %0+

(7 1 8 ; +K

8 GR 7\

+

p 75

/

( G? 7

L

(Y 7D % . B

)( 1 ! 1 !1

D 8

!1

(Y :! @ !

7 C 7 )G%

; +E

+. B

E

+ 7pIU

?

:+! +

•

GT ! " :

•

.

(

I * G 0 8 !+ :

R

•

- 01 / 2 ' (# )

71 J I F I

8F +

•

fI

C3 !+ X : @ > CNG

W+ L+

(Y +

•

g; *+ Y

$1

( !"

" ;L

3 ( 1 7 )G% C0 - & )% ! " D

CO HC > NOx p

' M+ *

;%

!

1 )( 1 < % 1 (CNG) ! 1

. )1+

<0+ 8 E 70 . $fL

3 /6 > B

L ! 1

C GT

! 1 K > <0+ 8 : !+

GT ! "

.)(+ 6 < + ( CNG :! @ [+ +

( 7 7 + + . + 7 B+

CNG / @ -D

7 " 2

+ V D )1+ :! @

... q 8 1+ : C%

+

/ s@/

(All metal ) CNG-1 : ) 3D – 9

+ , CNG

+

tC

1+

:! @ 7 "

0 ) 2 !+ : CT+ + / )%8 >

@1

7D D > mcs )\ B

)%8

+ I+ T +.

G? !+ $ @ u

+ f4 +

j8 + 0

+

{ z , x v w 8! " :! @ )( 1 + Y

G

%+

1+

)%8

3/ ! [+ + :! @

. B

/@ (

–

] D [ 7c " D

5 :! @

C + . )1+ '!5 "

(

4 %(

1+

"

8

7D +

.

CD | / )\ B )( 1 (! :

)

(( V & M _ VALLOUREC & MANNESMANN TUBES )) )\ B :

D 8 *5

&

Y*

7

34 Cr Mo 4 [

v] D 5 n L!+

7D D n L :

"

10.84 #–TUBES # Hot Finished Seamless # DIN 1629 =

! 1 7 ( \ ) UR '

F

>

-? > +

) @J

2

* @/

7D D . B

%"& #$ "!

(Hoop Wrapped )CNG-2 . H + + )C%?

L7 ) +

!+ • CR CNG :! @

B ) 28 R B )3L 1+

v ) ! ~ \ .)1+ . B

( jB 6 )

/ 70 )1+ 7L 8 : B 7 V

+ I+ T

+ CNG :! @ !+ [ . B

D+ 70 + B 7 ( 1 '

B + :/ : @ [

1+ ;6 a D

+ 8 CNG :! @ !+ [

5

)! ~ 0

+ !

.

B tC

&

1+ VB 6

R B )3L

. B

85

+ , CNG

:‚ %0+ ! "

' [ :! @ 7 )G% + .

/

:/ + ' 1[ : @

(Y + /

D+

70 +

/ C&8

D

5

!+ eR > 85

+ , CNG D

J+

)! ~ 0 B

/ @ (% 5 !+ :! @

A1+ + !+ :! @ 7 "

+ , CNG

D+

+ + !+ CNG :! @ 7 " +

B 7(1 '

C&8 ) ; ? > )3L

(Fully Wrapped )CNG-3 . H

3+

/ @ ! J=*

U OP 7

D T K-2 ( b) VB .

+

\ > 7/ B

+ @ ) ! ~ 0 jB 6 ) 0

)! ~ 0

5 !+ :! @

+ ( ^ ) VB .( : @

xۥP 7

(Fully Wrapped )CNG-3 . H B ) 28

D

/ @ (&

%\ 6+ !

G . + BF + +

(Hoop Wrapped )CNG-2 . H

. +

+ , CNG

+ . ( ` ) XB

D+ :! @

+ ) 28

' [ :! @ !+ VG1 :! @

/ @ ! K J=*

+

+

%"& #$ "!

(Fully Wrapped )CNG-3 . H

+ , CNG

@ -M 1 N ! % JL*

(All composite )CNG-4 . H 70 * 8 -?

+ > + "

>

B

+

B ) 28

&

R B )3L

D 8 ) ; ? :! @ 7 " + . B G 1+ ! " " / <3

: / + IV w 8 : @

+ ( ; 8+ ;6

D T K-2 ( Ć&#x2019; ) XB . B

)! ~ 0 C ;6

/ @ (O

D+ ' 1 [ :! @ 7 / :! @

C ;6 + !+ :! @ )

+ , CNG +

1+

5 !+ :! @

C&8 ) ! ~ 0 j0 A1 8

+ +

(

5) +

.

+ +

/

j 8 ' C8 7V D I .

(All composite )CNG-4 . H

+ , CNG

/ @ -M 1 N

+

!P J=*

%"& #$ "!

D i%I : @ ( V

5 ) )C ? . )1+

" 7 + + :! @ )C ? ) 9 > :!

G 28

2 ( ^ )F L .)1+ B +

Type

Hydraulic capacity(liter)

Max. Gas capacity at 20 MPa .

Nm3

Empty Weight . kg

Cylinder Weight.

Kg/ liter storage capacity

Cylinder Unit Cost .

US$

Cost for Storage Capacity US$ / liter

Industrial all- steel Lightweight all- steel Lightweight all- steel Fiberwound steel Fiberwound aluminum Fiberwound aluminum All composite All composite All composite All composite

45

11

60

1.33

150

3.3

45

11

40

0.89

160

3.6

80

19

75

0.94

270

3.4

120

30

81

0.68

475

4.0

50

12

38

0.76

500

10.0

120

30

89

0.74

1100

9.1

45

11

16

0.36

700

15.0

80

19

25

0.31

800

10.0

125

32

35

0.28

1400

11.2

250

64

69

0.28

2500

10.0

[1] F L ] + 7G1 &

zPP +

/ 4

/ @ ; R ; D S 8 / -0 7 C !" q

+

V

N 2 . )1+ 7 % + . +

74

!Q9 <B D" F

: @ <MI )G% 7 (

] + :+

+ ! " ' " xâ&#x20AC;˘P : @ ) 9

D

+!+ 7

7 GD+ . )1+ D

] + B

70 )1+ + B

2 (`) (Y

%"& #$ "!

Water capacity . liters

Gas capacity m3

50 60 70 100 120

[1]

GLE ( gasoline liters equivalent)

12.5 15.0 17.5 25.0 30.0

/@

GGE ( gasoline gallons(US) equivalent)

15.6 18.7 21.8 31.2 37.4

. / ' 7U2 V ) . . &TT

, ,

4.2 5.0 5.8 8.4 10.0

@ ; D S K!9 <B

) + 70 )1+ z…Pbar :! @ d0+ I +

+ : 0 6 / d0+ I . B

x„PPP :! @

+: 0 6*

K 1: 0 6

@ X : B

! * RUT+

zPPbar :! @

+ 4 1 7L x„

+ 8 ?+ I . B

.' .W *

I

F G?

[2] .

+

? / !+ / :+ B

: 06 /

) Y2 ; Z4 . [ .

I ( i%c

B

7(1 +

0 /

\ 4Z1

1+ + i%I 70 ! @ J * RUT+ ( ZD+

: B

! +

1+ g -

† 0

(x

FMVSS 304 , “ COMPRESSED NATURAL GAS FUEL CONTAINER INTEGRITY” ( B I+ T : N 1+ : @ 70 )1+ + 1+ 8 F 1 XX ) NGV2-XX ) UR (x_z : . B7B

")1+

1+

0

8

! 1 70

B

/ j 0

8 6 :@ F 1

1 7; 1

CB (x_{

3 8 " * GR i%c

(x_‡

(+ * RUT+ ($ * RUT+ !i8

‰ 73G B 7 0 + 8

:@ † 0

0)? .

B

D >

" 7 J+ H

GL+ * RUT+ !+

+ 7

+ 8

4

7/ C * RUT+

J u +.

G L * RUT+

4 M + i%c

[2].

GL+ B

%"& #$ "!

.

"

+?

CNG + 3 8 : @

1+ . /

( mcs 903-6-00000888 to 903-6-00001194 UT F d 200 15 OC(62 OF)F d

) . B s@/

!17 ( \'

+ . B s@/ ( F 1 ) Z

+ . B s@/ >

08 D 312 B F d 09 .01 :F d

1+ zPx…/€ Š 8 !+

+ . B s@/

:@

\ /

+ . B s@/ : @ )Gk

U F1

( B s@/ ( xzPL F d

% F 1 71

) +

G% :! @

i

GT ! "

: B

!71

D xO„P <MI + !+

R)

…/•

" )( 1

3 4%+

+ > B s@/

B :! @ I

+.

)k

+ 3 4%+

D T F d :+ R 7 > B

1! Š 8

D i%I : @

-

B

1+

/ :+

/@ p

+ ! " CI 7 9 70 ,

) 9

/ )%8

- 01 / 2 9 7, B

D ( :!

+ + 7\ %\ :! @ N ! 3

+ ). B

F 300 F d

CB

i%I : @ )%8 Š 8 . B s@/ : @

. B s@/ )1+ ) IU

CB

;. ] / @ + + 70 ! @ B

i

+ + + Dot :! @

; 8 q F d :+ R 7 . + + F V1 6 4 z„ / C&8 ) ; ? .

% )C 2 + "

; 8

%"& #$ "!

( Π) XB . + +

GT ! " i V

Dot / @ '< : J _ 3

' " ; 0 •P 8 OP :!

8 ^ƒUd * +?

1+

j M"

D „P 8 ‡P

I

7R CM

:! @ [

+.

" )( 1

3 4%+

GT ! "

{…PPP CI ) ; ?

!^ J=*

+ + + : ( KC M ) Cascade :! @

Vc 0

+ + F V1 6 4 z„ / B

+

C&8 :! @ [ +?

+. B

5 $ c 3c q ( • ) XB .

) 2 ;(

' A7U

' a7

"

/ @ + b !` J=*

/2 /@ .

0

B+ K

G 28 >:]

! " :! @ 7 :+ 8

8 7\ )1+ D C >

\

>:‚ %\+ >K 7

%\+

/

1+

GT ! " : C LNG

> $ .) 1+ GT ! "

>

G8 I+

B

GT ! " ! 1

(+

T7

G8 K 7 n~1 T 7\

%

GT ! "

(Y + 7 0

4 :! @ 7;CL !+

( Liquefied Natural Gas ) K B 1 (N %;1 7L – x…‡ )) 3 X/8 + L+ 7;CL !+ >

GT! "

7L _{zO/z

D 1 * G \ 8 :‚ %\+

%"& #$ "!

%ۥ !+ j

7

G 28 LNG

L : . +

/

u

GT ! " .)1+

+ zPP /

u

B

+ L : !+

L

8 41

I

( CNG )

GT ! " + …PP

+ + ( LNG ) K ! " > ! 1

8

+ 2

I

\

% .

( 7 GB

*

( ++

† . 1

> C1 x„ D+ „ 7 +

1+ 0

Approximate Gas Capacity . Nm3 40 60 80 120 160 210

[1] LNG u )( 1 : )p;u . + + !

B @G8 m

l ;@ + M +); ? B

1

! " )D I

7

1+ ) ; ?

/

GT ! " 7 )G%

D

G8

GT K ! " !+ 70

%\+

2 :

] + >

B

)( 1 7

+

&

( ) ; ? + 7 7L 8

!"

D C

Tank Weight Empty . kg 60 90 120 180 230 300

F ŽB+ m

\

GT K ! " ] + > K )D I

1+

/@ ; R

+ . \

GT ! "

( CNG )

V

: / + LNG :! @ )C ? :! (b) F L .

LNG Tank Capacity . litres 75 115 150 230 300 400

/

( LNG )

. B 70

1 : 6 6 >: 8+ C\

+ CNG *

(Y p !+ . +

D 1* G\ 8 $ >

)( 1 !+

Cost . US$ 1800 2000 2600 3000 3600 4000

/ c !9 <B GT ! " <MI ' 7\ \

/B a

+ 6 M +); ?

B @G8 7\

!

! A2

7c K )D I

I LNG )1+ 7c LNG

%"& #$ "!

-ddddddddddddddddd 01 / dddddddddddddddd2 -.YdddddddddddddddddB / dddddddddddddddd@ ( Absorption Storage ) s@/

B ' M + * 2 2&8 gGT . B

(1

+ ! " !+

! <MI

<MI 7% 2

fL

< % 1 !+

(Y $fL ) ; ?

. B

D C :! @

7 "

+ C0 :! '

3B

7% 2

(Y +

!"

(Y <MI

1+ .

+

+

B

;

$fL

+ 0 j+ +

0 G3

3 : !+ 8 +

+

%"

+ . )1+ 7 %VB + I 8 D 4c

)C ? . B

+>: 0

fL g T 7 ! "

+ • + )C ? : )1+ B fL :! @ !+

1+ 7 7L 8 eR

41

3 0

3BU8

D

/

.

B

%‡P 7 %zP !+ ! "

(Y

0 5

D 8i V

> ! " $fL ' 4 C 7

0

@;@8 7L

F

7 i;-

7% 2

:! @

70 )1+ + : / * 2 2&8

F ŽB+ +

C 1 ' " P/„ 8 P/{

(Y <MI j + +

( @;@

B E + " @;@

@;@

m !+

. )1+ ' M + F I [

"

+ > )1+

. )1+ ; :! @ +

4 L

L + 70 )1+

0 + !+

(Y !+ C0 ! "

E

4 j@

@

(Y F V1 6 4 ‡ /

0 )D I

F+

GT ! "

zP !+ C0 @;@8

! " <MI + zPP 8 „P ! 1

7V

1+

/ <MI

! " : 0 8 sD (

0 70 )1+

" s@/ !

<0 D 4c

0 :+

+ 70

j+ +i V

CR

C 1

0

' " P/•

… 8 „ US$/liter ANG :! @

. B

+

G 28

( Adsorbed Natural Gas ) ANG / @ ) l

/ </B q

I) 8

6

/

+

GT ! "

/

2 :+ 8

:! @

+ !+

7 )G%

GT ! " ! 1 <0+ C0 CO2

+ 7 @;" : B ' " k+ i 8 8

7

ANG )D I

:+

5 >!": 0

/

+

8 .

:! @ 70 o

(7 )

: / + :! @

+ ) (

+ :! @ : I+ T 7 [ J " + ? p !+ +

/

+ !+ + 7 C ( •) XB .

+ (

+ /@ f6

+

G3 + < % 1

- + > :! @ L !"

+.

(Y +

C0

/ j 0

6 ] +:

V 6 /

+ 7 + 1+ u

m 70 qG1

@ / ) , , – e J=*

(Y (

.

ANG

-

j 0 CNG

C + ANG :! @

C I+ T +

-

(Y ( CNG 7

. C . + j 0+

1+

-

%"& #$ "!

: / + CNG :! @

ANG :! @

B

ANG :! @ * @/ ( ƒ) F L

(Y <MI 7% 2 ( ‘ ) XB

. @ + ,

-f /$ 4

B

@ 5

' < \

V 1 ‡PPPP

h i@

/$ fD

fD g <_ )

7L x{P 8 {P

D

/

_ q !+ C0

+4 1

…€

‡x

+!+ 7 ' " ; 0 Dq

[1] ANG

/ @ \ i@f P– 9 <B

Gas Storage Capacitiy . Vol/ Vol

CNG

ANG

300 250 200 150 100 50 0 0

5

10

15

20

25

Storage Pressure . MPa

[1] CNG

ANG ;M _

'<* ' (#

fD 6b_ U

! j J=*

: B )\ B

+ L+ )

< % 1 B! >

B " :+ + E + " " +! SD

\

(: ;R

( 7 1 8 )\ B + L+ )

0 ! 1! " 7 ! u+ J

CI > D

K L E + " " +! SD > 8

B " vd TUV 757 +

7D+

;R

D

>

.^b‘’

Y >

\

+>

;R > )2 2I

;R

.^

( 71 8 -D M

1+ N 1+ ! 1! " N 8+ )( 1 *5 8+ . ^b‘^

.`