AIR2012

AIR2012 NADIAH HUSNA BINTI SAIFUL BAHRI 376193 JOURNAL

_CONTENTS _ Contents _ Introduction PART l : EXPRESSION OF INTEREST

1.0 _ Case For Innovation

1.1 _ Architecture as a Discourse 1.1.1 _ HEADSPACE

1.1.2 _ CONTINUUM - Mary Huang

1.1.3 _ DISORIENTING SPATIAL PROJECTIONS - Peter Koler

1.2 _ Computing in Architecture

1.2.1 _ CODA innovations

1.2.2 _ WORLD OF CHLOROPHYLL - IAMZ Studio

1.3 _ Parametric Modelling

1.3.1 _ HAESLEY NINE BRIDGES GOLF CLUBHOUSE - Shigeru Ban

1.4 _ Case For Innovation Conclusion

2.0 _ RESEARCH Project

2.1 _ Input/Association/Output Matrix

2.2 _ Reverse-Engineered Case-Study

2.3 _ Fabrication Methods

2.4 _ Material Effects

2.5 _ Research Project Conclusion

3.0 _ Expression of Interest Conclusion : Competitive Advantage 4.0 _ Learning Objectives and Outcomes : Interim

PART ll : PROJECT PROPOSAL

5.0 _ PROJECT : WYNDHAM CITY GATEWAY

5.1 _ Project Interpretation

5.2 _ Project Delivery

5.3 _ Presentation

5.4 _ Proposal Conclusion PART lll : REFLECTION

6.0 _ Learning Objectives and Outcomes : Final

6.1 _ Personal Background and Learning Objectives

6.2 _ Learning Progress

6.3 _ Learning Outcomes

6.4 _ Future Work

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PART l : EXPRESSION OF INTEREST

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1.1 ARCHITECTURE AS DISCOURSE

HEADSPACE VIRTUAL ENVIRONMENTS SEM 1, 2010 BACHELOR OF ENVIRONMENTS UNIVERSITY OF MELBOURNE

This first-year subject was an introduction to the use of computation design and 3D modelling software. We were asked to explore what defines architecture and its parameters by exploring precedents, ranging from fashion designers, to musicians, artists and architects.

Sourcing inspiration from a wide variety of sources was challenging especially when we had to translate the idea into a physical form.

The objective was to design a headpiece to be worn by the designer at the end of semester, taking the ideas from inside their heads, outside. Forming a miniature version of the idea from clay, cut-sections were then drawn and translated to a 3D digital form.

The idea of using technical help like computation softwares has indeed open new ways to design an idea, one that was thought to be unattainable by hand. Time is a contributing factor to development of architecture as discourse. We have the tools as a mean to speed up the process of realizing any limits on architecture, and as such, the faster we are to progressing further into new ideas and better tools.

This project portrays the potential of prototyping through inexpensive means before it was adapted digitally, pushing forward the debate surrounding experimental design architecture. Meanwhile, the use of 3D modelling softwares (in this case, Sketchup) brings out the design challenges and potential of automatised design.

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The process of configuring the design in Sketchup. From line vectors traced from the miniature model, facets and triangulations are brought out to form the faces of the object. Basic tools are then used to push-pull the facets into the desired form.

Below left: The form is then unfolded to allow for 2D printing.

Design _ Nadiah Husna Lecturer & Coordinator _ Stanislav Roudavski Tutor _ Andrew Reynolds

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CONTINUUM_mary huang

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Continuum by Mary Huang tempted to blend interactive oftware, fast fabrication and acessability of the web. This design oncept allowed direct individual articipation in the production ocess. Processing developed software which allows a user to draw’ a dress, convert it into a 3D odel, which is later flattened, cut ut from fabric and later sewn.

Computational couture aids solving the persistent problem standardized sizing of ready ade clothes. With the design ncompassing an engaging and ontinuous user experience, this esign narrative inspire changing titudes and behaviours of mass onsumption.

Based on Patrick Schumacher’s he Autopoiesis of Architecture 011), the idea that architecture scourse not only revolve around uilt structures, but written works, nowledges and practices. I think ONTINUUM could be advancing chitectural discourse, even if it as meant as a tool in the fashn industry, in the sense that the esign concept could be seen dapted into the architecture eld. Inspirations for architecture an come from anywhere, from e fashion or automobile industry. his circle of knowledge passed on om field to field could be underood as communications conecting each other in an ongoing cursive network. The idea of er-specific products could be ell adapted into architectural orks such as housing in the future.

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DISORIENTING SPATIAL PROJEC

Artist Peter Koler draws his inspiration for this installation from watching movies such as “The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari” and “Metropolis”, where architecture cam be seen to play an important role in evoking emotions from its viewers. Koler wanted to evoke said emotions in a way that the spaces change before the viewer’s eyes. He uses large graphic projections, making the walls seem to shift, expand and move, all at once. This is another example of manipulative design in which it interacts engagingly with the user of the space. Architecture discourse could arise from this installation in which it provokes the use of space as an interactive, as well as functional space.

Regina Silveira - Depth

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Daniel Palacios - Waves

CTIONS_Peter Koler

Architectural discourse could start off from other fields outside of architecture, from fashion designs to artistic installations. This ongoing recursive network of knowledge and communication is vital to the birth of new ideas in architecture, even if its only contribution is to revoke thought-provoking questions, which are then further developed to form new ideas. I chose artistic installations and fashion design concepts because I think architecture will become obsolete without fresh interventions from design-focus fields.

Below: Other artistic installations that provokes the role contemporary architecture play in society.

Andrei Hakhovich - Voricity

Elise Morin and ClĂŠmence Eliard - Waste Landscape

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CODA 1.2

COMPUTING IN ARCHITECTURE

BCNoids 2009 “The public bicycle rental service was introduced into Barcelona in May 2007, and its gradual and successful implantation ever since has transformed the cityscape. With their displacements, users of this service generate information on their journeys, bicycles and stations which are then compiled in the central computer of BSM, the body managing the service, which then searches for mechanisms to optimise responses to imbalances in the use of its network.

The information filters the valuable origindestination matrix of users, and only publishes the state of use of Bicings stations around Barcelona, This information is downloaded and stored using a scraper hosted on an independent server. Then, this database is later made accessible on the Internet, and through specific requests it visualises use patterns and behaviours of this service on an urban scale. The end result was fruit of the intense collaboration between various persons and the integration of the diverse tools they provided. Physicists and computer scientists materialised the ripper machine able to extract data and generate the database, while the city planning and design disciplines organised the overall data architecture and its visualisation.

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The Bicing webpage provides information on the service for users through Google Maps API. The map of Barcelona is dotted with signals indicating the location of stations, the number of bicycles available and the number of free spaces for parking at each station. The data is inserted on the map using a JavaScript code with a chain of characters that contains a KML geospatial annotation document. With the goal of analysing the dynamics of the use of the stations, KML documents have been accumulated every five minutes, cleaning them and storing them on a MySQL database.� http://coda-office.com

CODA is a mobile, shape-sifting, quality-driven and prob tures, and computer science, and they focus in the opt

blem solving design office. Their research fields are geometry, construction, structimization of processes: reduction of energy, material and time costs in design fields.

HoneyLight 2010 Honeylight is a concept project for an adaptive lighting system which consists of two pieces build in Corian: the emitter arms and the parabolic spreading base.

Every lighting focus emitter is independently controlled allowing the system to adapt the lighting level.

Honeylight received the first award in the Corian Dupont 2010 Competition .

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WORLD OF CHLOROPHYLL IAMZ Design Studio World of Chlorophyll features individual units stemming from central columns, imitating the ‘branch and leaf’ structure of a plant. This way, the building mimics nature, which also makes for an easy configuration. Similar to chlorophyll in plants would utilize sunlight for photosynthesis, this design concept would harness the elements to power this experimetal structure. The staggered, leaf-like orientation of the units would maximize exposure to sun and wind.

Although still a design concept, it made sure to incorporate eco-friendly features like natural ventilation with the penetration of sunlight thorugh the units and the creation of indirect lighting. Passive solar design seeks to trap and use energy from the sun to heat and cool buildings without utilizing active mechanical systems.

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1.3

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PARAMETRIC MODELLING

HAESLEY NINE BRIDGES GOLF CLUBHOUSE Shigeru Ban The Nine Bridges Country Club-Clubhouse is a structure with three floors and an underground level.

The atrium and the upper portion of the main building consist of timber columns and a glass curtain wall, while the base is of stone. Using advanced computer and cutting machine technology, the most efficient and suitable structural form was found which minimizes fabrication and the assembly process, as well reducing waste through the amount if timber used.

Parametric modelling and digital fabrication technologies offer new ways of developing designs, and represent a working method based more on procedure than geometric form. Parametric modelling differs from standard CAD modelling principally in the way elements are related to one another.

While a standard CAD model consists of geometric elements placed in a uniform, Cartesian space, a parametric model sets up a structure of relationships, or schema, that allows dimensions, and even quantities of elements to be deferred to a later point.

With the addition of scripting and basic programming even non-geometric relationships can be incorporated, including structural and environmental considerations and abstract logic. This parametric approach entails a very different approach to design, more aligned to the idea of the architect as chief builder than the designer as the drawer of form.

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1.4 CASE FOR INNOVATION : CONCLUSION The precedents adapted into this journal are to show projects or ideas that could be advancing architectural discourse, the innovations brought out by computational design techniques, as well the advantages of scripting or programming cultures in the areas of design and architecture.

I concluded that precedents for architecture can come from a variety of sources, including those out of the field of architecture.

Projects that uses contemporary computational design techniques, like scripting or parametric design are rather useful in terms of a more efficient production process. Trails and errors occured digitally, instead of constructing prototype models which will increase the cost of production and experimentation. The flexibility that is evident in programming softwares allows for a more efficient use of time and material. This is an example of how scripting or programming softwares helps reduce the time framework of the design process by making full use of what can be done just as efficiently in the software.

Adapting this into the Wyndham Gateway project, I believe a parametric approach to desgning the gateway would a more efficient, less time-consuming event. Parametricism could pave a way into the future, which aligns with Wyndham’s ideals and its relationship the city of Melbourne.

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2.0

RESEARCH PROJECT

2.1

INPUT/ASSOCIATION/OUTPUT MATRIX As part of the research project, we were given a set of definitions comprising of inputs, associations and outputs. A matrix of diagrams is produced as a result of the experimentation with grasshopper components as part of the scripting program undertaken for the Wyndham City Gateway Project.

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maths function

image sampler

curve attractor

attractor point

arbitrary points

18 boolean curve intersect surface grid

overlap patterns explicit hexagonal

explicit circle

surface normal

attractor point curve attractor image sampler maths function

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2.2 REVERSE-ENGINEERING CASE-STUDY

The masonry buffers temperature and filters sunlight for the fermentation room behind it. The bricks are offset and rotated to allow light through the gaps, producing an amazing light pattern on the inside. The production method includes the use of a robotic arm which enabled each one of the 20,000 bricks to be places according to programmed parameters - at the desired angles and intervals allowing each wall to possess the optimal light and air permeability.

There is a dramatic play between plasticity, depth and colour, which are dependent of the observer’s position and the angle of the sun. The three-dimensional depth of the facade forms the solidified dynamic form of the wall as well as encourages the eye to wander across the facade. The subtle deflection of the bricks further creates an appearance of plasticity that constantly changes, according to the movement of the viewer and the position of the sun. Likened to the similarity of pixels on a computer screen, the pattern also communicates a distinctive image and identity of the vineyard.

The angle of rotation for each brick permits light to reflect differently and engage in different degree of lightness. The joints (gaps) between the bricks creates transparency, lessening the boundary between interior and exterior by allowing daylight to seep into the building. In order to make the pattern distinguishable from the interior, the bricks are laid close together as possible in order for the gap at full deflection are nearly closed. This generates a maximum contrast between the open and closed joint, allowing light to profoundly model the interior walls.

The pictorial effect when seen from a distance is that of an enormous basket filled with grapes but at a closer view, the sensual, textile softness of the facade dissolves to portray rough materiality of the masonry; the gradual change from the soft, round forms to the composition of individual, hard bricks.

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GANTEN VINEYAR

NBEIN RDFACADE

GRAMAZIO & KOHLER ZURICH, SWITZERLAND 2006

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ASSOCIATION: image sampler OUTPUT: data driven rotation

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Because each brick has a different rotation, every single brick has a different and unique overlap with the brick below it, and the one below that. A digital replica of the Vineyard’s facade was made in Rhinoceros and Grasshopper. The image sampler and the orient tool was found to be the most successful technique in producing the desired pattern. The image sampler component makes the design process more flexible and less restrictive in the sense that it borrows from another source, usually a .jpeg or .png file. This makes it easier to incorporate the desired pattern without the complex turns in grasshopper.

“To create the façade, we designed a generation process. We

interpreted the concrete frame construction by Bearth & Deplazes as a basket and filled it with abstract, oversized grapes of varying diameters. We digitally simulated gravity to make the grapes fall into this virtual basket, until they were closely packed. Then we viewed the result from all four sides and transferred the digital image data to the rotation of the individual bricks.

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2.3 FABRICATION

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model 02 model 03 Sketch models are then produced based on the design techniques derived from the matrix and the reverse-engineering project. One of the ways to fabricate a digital model was through the use of unfolding the geometric facets, laying them out flat on a 2D planar surface. In this case, the models are flattened onto a flat plane, converted from Rhino to an Adobe Illustrator file, in which the data are sent to the laser printer.

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2.4

EXPERIMENTATION AND DOCUMENTATION

The models are printed and cut out from 3mm MDF board. Model 02 and 03 are assembled manually by gluing the parts to each other.

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MODEL 01 The earlier model was a simple model with the sole idea of experimenting with light and shadow against a basic pattern of circular and rectangle perforations. The idea was to acknowledge speed and movement as part of the design themes for the Wyndham gateway project. The change of pattern along the board signifies the changes of pattern the drivers will experience along the gateway.

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MODEL 02 The second model was an attempt to replicate the ideas received from the Vineyard facade. The chaging facets are meant to dislplay the material tectonics of brick as a potential material used for the gateway.

The difference of light and dark of this model adds depth to the facade, allowing for a very effective display of movement and colour, relative to the position of the viewer. The main idea of the changing tone and depth of the materials can prove to be quite engaging to the individuals experiencing the gateway.

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MODEL 03 The final model is a developed design concept from the second model. By maintaining the changing facets as a theme for the project, we extended the form vertically, giving it a more renowned stand along the highway. Height can be quite receptive to viewers, allowing for a moment of awe at its vast scale.

The movement along the model is from smooth to rough, representative of the cultural stereotype of Melbourne city and Wyndham.

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2.5

RESEARCH PROJECT : CONCLUSION

The research project aided in the development of the ideas and themes we had in mind for the gateway project. Experimenting and exploring Rhino and grasshopper allowed for new ways of designing. The use of stereotypes to expand on the technicality of the project was rather useful in spotting what works and what doesn’t in determining a suitable form and design technique for the gateway project.

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3.0 EOI CONCLUSION _ COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE

The idea of incorporating speed and movement when considering the pattern and form of the gateway is the advantage of our design. The change a user experiences are evident in the design through the adaptation of changing geometry and facets along the stretch of the design, allowing for a maximized amount of time a driver can experience the gateway.

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4.0 LEARNING OBJECTIVES and OUTCOMES : INTERIM

As a relative newcomer to digital design, one could not help feeling excited on this new way of creating forms and structures. With more time spent on responding to the brief and design thinking, scripting allows for a better use of time in the working process. I think that it is already a way of moving forward into the future, and this irreversible step towards better designing. Irreversible, in the context of how future designers will move forward into the scripting frontier eventually, given the time.

I feel that there is still more to learn and experience from computational design techniques, especially parametric modelling, as it serves an unsubstantial amount of potential for creativity.

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