MLA Portfolio for GSD Application

Natural Resources and Ethnic Industry Research in Xinjiang

Email: lnn17@tsinghua.edu.cn

Tel: +86 18888619930

EDUCATION

Landscape Heritage Protection and Redesign Research

Visited Redesigned Landscape Heritage in Shanghai such as the Quarry Garden in Chenshan Botanical Park, discussed with professors from Tongji University,and finished a report about how the spirit of industry ruins is kept and developed through landscape design.

INTERNSHIP

YuanZhu Landscape --- Intern

Participated in several ongoing programs, including the landscape design of Hengshan Ship Port, the interior design of a private villa in Changping, Beijing, the landscape design of Hepu Visitor Center.

Supplemented the landscape and architecture drawings of past programs, including Jijiadun Villagers Center, Liang Pavilion in Ancient Yang River Wetland Park and Tianyangchen Village rural revitalization project.

DATA PARK (magazine) --- Writer

Wrote several analysis and comment passages about architecture/ landscape architecture/ Interior design projects, including Shibuya Miyashita Park, Striatus( 3D printed concrete bridge by ZAHA), Tsingtao Brewery1903 Concept store, etc.

ACADEMIC EXPERIENCE

International comparative study of National Park concession mechanism

(Instructor: Zhicong Zhao, Student Research Training program)

Researched the management mechanism, financial condition and ecological/ cutural value of all New Zealand National Parks. Discussed the differences between National Parks in the USA/ France/ South Africa. etc.

Finished a special report about New Zealand National Park and nature protection, focusing on its concession mechanism, to serve as a reference of national park construction in China.

2021 Summer

Visted and researched the Yellow mountain National Park's general plans and management, finished a report about its natural heritage protection.

Landscape Architecture And Architecture Inspect Tour to Japan and Europe

Visited famous Ancient Japanese Gardens such as Katsura Detached Palace, Suizenji Jojuen Garden, Kenroku-en Garden , etc. Visited great ancient and modern architectures in Switzerland, Austria and the Czech Republic, including La Chapelle de Ronchamp, Vitra Campus, etc.

Discussed with professor and students from Tokyo University of Agriculture about planting and modern landscape.

2017

Summer

2021 Summer

PUBLIC SERVICE

Tsinghua Charity Association --- Minister

Organized two Old-Clothes Donation in school. These old clothes are examined, classified, disinfected and then donated to poor primary and junior high students in the suburbs of Beijing and Tianjing.

Organized regular "Thursday-volunteer teaching" activities in Changping, Beijing and attended several of it----teaching the kids Engish and Nature Science.

Department of Social Communication (Student Union) ---Vice Minister

Raised 120k RMB for the school music festival from entertainment companies, gained large discounts for students with group members.

2018 Summer 2019 Summer

RESTORE, REESTABLISH, ACTIVATE-------NATURE BASED SOLUTION FOR CHAOBAI RIVER BASIN

Tsinghua University 2022 Spring (Graduation Project)

Instructor: Ning Kang, Shuhua Li Group members: Xinchen Wei, Jingke Li, Ting Jiang (Contributed in Preliminary analysis)

Site: Chaobai River, Beijing

The Chaobai River is one of the most important mother rivers of Beijing and Tianjing and has fed the people for hundreds of years. With villages settling down along the riverside, orhards and farmlands expand to provide food and income for the residents. Chaobai River is not only home for human beings, but also natural habitat for wildlives, such as fishes and rare birds. However, those wildlives are losing their territory with farmlands replacing wetlands, forests and grasslands, and the remaining habitats are cut into small pieces.

Another problem is about the river and groundwater. The Chaobai River is not stable all the time. It has dry and wet seasons and sometimes brings severe flood. And due to such reasons as climate change, the river even dried up in 1960s. So a longterm plan to regulate flood water and recharge groundwater is necessary.

How to balance the need of both human and wildlife and provide opportunities for people to admire the great nature?

How to solve the problem of flood and groundwater while creating beautiful landscapes in both dry and wet season?

How to solve the land use conflict between villagers who need farmlands, citizens who need recreation, wildlives who need their habitats, and water conservancy project?

HUMAN ACTIVITIES AND HISTORY

Farmland expanded without control until 2013

Agriculture serves as the main industry since ancient times

2015 An urban sub-center is planned near the site

Orchards where the visitors can pick fruits for themselves

The economy is confined within the villages and lacks breakthroughs

Lack of systematic services for tourists

2011 Ecological water replenishment brought the river back to life

1960s Chaobai river dried up due to climate change and groundwater over-extraction

1939 Severe floods from Chaobai river brought great damage

Lack of general plan and management

The Chaobai River was once an unstable river that occasionally caused severe floods. In the 1950s, a series of hydraulic engineering were constructed to decrease damage from the river , but that eventually dried up the river. In recent years, the government tried to restore the ecology along Chaobai river and has made some progress. But still, how to protect the nature and ensure economy income at the same time is a problem to be solved. And with the plan of Tongzhou urban sub-center, this site also needs to provide space for urban residents to recreate in nature. So the main question is, how to meet the requirements of ecological protection, industrial income and countryside recreation at the same time?

KEY STRATEGIES

1 Ecological Restoration

2 Nature Education and Tourism

3 Science Research Base

Villages and towns are old and lack of vitality

a. Store and regulate flood water.

b.Protect wildlife habitats and construct ecological corridors for various animals.

a. Set certain amount of nature education spots.

b. Construct a slow traffic system.

a. Construct ground water recharge experimental area.

b. Conduct long-term bird observation.

Riverside activities (fishing/sports/...)

4 Urban Agriculture

a. Reserve and expand farmland to serve as source of income and wildlife habitats.

b. Carry out agricultural recreation.

PROFILE

Key Species and Habitats

Beijing Gold-striped Pong Frog Pelophylax piancyi Wetland

Chinese Schemer

Hypophthal michthys molithx Water area

Near Threatened

Aucha Perch

Siniperca chuatsi Water area

Grassland: 38335 ㎡ Forest: 1809811 ㎡

Farmland: 233588 ㎡

Wetland: 275019 ㎡

Villages: 245370 ㎡

Other: 535654 ㎡

perfect suitable acceptable occasionally acceptable

Beijing Gold-striped Pong Frog Baer's Pochard

Baer's Pochard

Aythya baeri

Marsh and wetland

Critically Endangered

White Wagtail

Motacilla alba

Wetland and farmland

Yellow Bittern

Lxobrychus sinensis

Wetland and marsh

perfect suitable acceptable occasionally acceptable

Yellow-breasted Bunting Oriental White Stork

Great Bustard Otis tarda

Grassland and farmland

Vulnerable

Common Crane

Grus grus Wetland,grassland and farmland

Broad-billed Sandpiper

Limicola falcinellus Wetland and marsh

perfect suitable acceptable occasionally acceptable

Yellow-breasted Bunting Emberiza aureola Bushes and grassland

Critically Endangered

Oriental White Stork Iconia boyciana Grassland and marsh Endangered

Long-eared Owl Asio otus Forest and woods

perfect suitable acceptable occasionally acceptable

Great Bustard Long-eared Owl

4.46km

6.98km

As a result of human activities, wildlife habitat has been separated into many small pieces, greatly affecting the living conditions of wildlives.

Hydrological Analysis

Farmland Chaobai River Levee Nature woods Main stream Sparse wood grassland Forest for birds Farmland for birds Main stream Gravel banks Seasonal river Cascade control Reserved village Farmland Orchard Wetland park

ECOLOGICAL RESTORATION AND FLOOD REGULATION

After analysing the habitat requirements of different wildlives, especially five species--Beijing Gold-striped Pong Frog, Baer's Pochard, Yellow-breasted Bunting, Great Bustard and Long-eared Owls, which well represent wildlives from wetlands, sparse woods grasslands, farmlands and forests, four types of ecological corridors are designed, based on current situations.

Besides these ecological corridors, a series of flood regulation strategies are used to create beautiful landscape no matter in dry or wet seasons. When the flood comes, water will stream into seasonal wetlands or rivers or submerge into some parts of the flood plain.

The carscade control area helps scientists monitor the water level and water quality, while the gravel banks north to the carscade control area filter the rain and flood and help recharge groundwater.

Ecological Corridors

Corridor for Beijing Gold-striped Pong Frog and Baer's Pochard

Corridor for Yellow-breasted Bunting

Corridor for Great Bustard and farmland birds

Corridor for Long-eared Owl and forest birds

Woods

Flood Regulation

Wet season

Dry season

HUMAN ACTIVITIES AND TRAFFIC SYSTEM

How to provide close-nature experiences for tourists and protect wildlives' habitats at the same time?

A slow moving system seems to be the best solution.

A new Bus Routine is set because private cars are strictly limited to cut out noise and pollution, though the area is nearly 16 square kilometers large. And a main Ped Routine is set with several other small routines, which connects most activity spots.

Activity Areas

Wetland--

Fishing, Camping,etc.

Farmland--

Agriculture, Nature education

Orchards--

Fruit Picking, Nature education

Villages--

Restaurants, Hotels, etc.

Traffic and Routines

Bus Routines

Motor vehicles

Main ped routine

Main roads

Secondary roads

Nature based activitiy spots

Nature education spots

Artificial recreation spots

Waterfront

PERSPECTIVE II

THE LAST CAVE VILLAGE -------MIDDLE CAVE MIAO VILLAGE RENEWAL

Site: Middle Cave, Guizhou,China

Time: 2022 Autumn

In a mountain in southwest China's Guizhou province lies Zhongdong Miao Village, the last cave village in China. This mountainous area is a typical karst landscape with mountains and numerous caves, but only this cave has been inhabited for a long time. The residents have been living a unique cave life since they migrated to the cave in the 1940s to escape bandits and war. They are not closed to the outside world, but communication is very limited, and generally remain closed to the cave, and when they do meet friends outside the cave, only others visit them in the cave instead of them going out. Marriages are often intermarriages within caves or by outsiders who marry into caves.

Despite their poverty, Dong residents do not want to go out. The local government once set up accommodation for them and invited them out, but they returned after only a few days because they could not get used to it. First, accustomed to living in the safety of caves, the man-made structures appear very insecure, and the sound of rain against the Windows makes them scared. Second, the housing is too far away from the water source of the farmland. Local residents have been used to making a living from farming and feel unable to feed themselves without farmland.

However, living in caves is also facing a crisis. The first is the problem of water use. Deforestation leads to the reduction of water in the cave, and residents lack knowledge of this aspect, blocking many water outlets. At present, the natural precipitation in the cave is not enough to use and lack of purification. Second, there is the problem of the new generation. The caves are warm but old, and the new children are more eager to go out into the wide world. As the current generation of cave dwellers grows old, the caves will gradually be abandoned.

A village near the Geconvex River in Ziyun county, Guizhou province, is mostly Miao ethnic group.

Villages School

Children of the cave village walk a long way to study here.

Farmland

Special farmland built into the hills called terraces, as an efficient use of rainwater .

Upper Cave

Two ends of ventilation ,can't be used for habitation.

The Cave

Drain Pool

Water Storage Tank

Different from ordinary houses, houses in caves have little demand for roofs. They often use very light flat roofs for simple cover, or built slope roofs where there are more leaks in caves, some even don't have a cover. The house does not need to bear the weight so no load wall is needed, the whole house is very light, generally using bamboo and wood structure and the woven bamboo mat as a partition of the enclosure. The outer wall is generally used by rammed earth wall, very few will use bricks.

Folk Houses

Live-Stock Shed

Front Garden

Ware Houses

Debris Storage Area

Folk Houses

Playground

The Cave

Tent Area

Home Stay Inn

Dry Grain Area

Folk Houses

Home Stay Inn

Water Storage Tank

Storage Pool

Drain Pool

Backyard Bean Field

Water Collection

Domestic Water

Water For Batik

Water For Livestock

Water For School

GENERAL PLAN

Drying Tourism

Frontyard

Backyard

Playground Batik Workshop

Cornfield

Debris Storage

The function of the whole cave are reorganized based on the water system. No major changes are made, but integrated and improved on the original basis.

In order to solve the problems of water shortage, poor water quality and water accumulation, the water usage and drainage system is replanned. Water towers are set up in leaking areas of the cave to collect the cave water and then purified and piped to small storage tanks in each household. Special water routines for batik water, for livestock sheds and for schools are set and separate drainage routine is set for toxic industrial water.

The overall function is integrated according to the distribution of water use facilities and the existing function distribution. By combining the drainage pool with batik drying, public activities, children's recreation facilities with grain drying, and each household's water storage buckets with the backyard function, the function distribution in the cave is reorganized more reasonably, and guided by several device nodes constructed with local construction methods. For detailed design of these devices, see the next page.

WATER SYSTEM

The main source of water for the villagers is leakage from the cave. We collected cave water through water towers and distributed it to the families through multiple stages of evolution using locally available and easily maintained materials.

All the waste flows through natural terrain and sunken drains into now-clogged drainage basins and into mountains. In order to prevent the drainage pool from being blocked, bamboo and wooden shelves were built around the pool, and it was transformed from waste dumping place into a stage for airing and entertainment.

Through simple ground excavation and pavement changes, a place for children to enjoy the water is formed near the school. Together with the drainage pool stage and the basketball court, it becomes the main public meeting place in the cave.

The farmland receives rainwater from a water tower outside the cave, which is then watered as it passes through a bamboo pipe with holes in it, and then along with the water used by the livestock to water the small farm inside the cave.

All the installations are multi-functional, simple structural materials, easy to build and maintain, and harmoniously integrated with the original building.

Water collection tower

Groundwater leaks into the cave through cracks in the rock and collected

Rainwater is filtered through the forest into the mountain rock and then into the cave

Household water

Rainwater collected by the water tower to water the crops Water collection tank

Independent water pipes for Batik workshop, the used water are specially treated and discharged.

Drainage Pool

The shelves around the drainage basin can be used for drying, exhibition and public events.

Collection and filtration

Gravel

Plastic film funnel

Fine filter layer Sink cylinder

Storage tank

A.water

Five kinds of water devices are designed including the collection, usage,drainage and incidental functions of cave water. These devices can be easily built with bamboo and wood.

B.water Drainage Playground

Collection Tower

Bamboo pipes

The water used by the livestock is used with rainwater to water the small fields inside the cave.

Bamboo pipes

MULTIFUCTIONAL PLACES

Most of the public areas in the cave carry a variety of functions and take on different looks at different times of year. This efficient and flexible way of using space is more in line with the reality of village life, and also enables the new generation to love this old but not ruined village as much as the old generation.

Spring--Winter

Stage--Theatre--Basketball court

Playground--Drying Yard--School

Hikers Inn--Batik Workshop--Folk House

REHABILITATION SPACES FOR COLLEGE STUDENTS SUFFERING FROM PSYCHOLOGICAL DISORDERS

Nowadays, college students are under great pressure from schoolwork/relationships/social expectations and other aspects, which may end up with different psychological disorders.

Researches showed that the environment students stayed in had great effect on their emotions , which gave me the idea that maybe by creating certain kinds of outdoor spaces,we can improve students' psychological condition in some way.

Firstly, to be specific, I looked into medical reports and picked out six main psychological disorders that Chinese college students were suffering from, which were anxiety, depression, irritability, distration and eating or sleeping disorder. Then I learnt some environmental psychology theories and did my own researches, and finally understand what kinds of spaces were preferred by students with these disorders.

With these specific knowledges, I turned the design into a place ohealing and designed several rehabilitation spaces within it.

Site:Tsinghua University, Beijing Instructor: Xiaodi Zheng Time: 2019 Spring

ENVIRONMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY AND MAIN PSYCHOLOGICAL DISORDERS AMONG COLLEGE STUDENTS

I cannot sleep well at night or feel sleepy during daytime.

I cannot help worring about everything about me, which makes me exhausted.

I feel hard to concentrate on my schoolwork, which causes me much trouble.

I easily lose temper and mess up my relationships.

I feel as if I have lost all my energy and interests and sunk into the dark sea.

I feel like vomiting over any food or cannot stop eating.

Carl Gustuv Jung 1960s Color Psychology

W Ittelson 1973 Environment Perception

R Kaplan&S Kaplan 1984 Attention Restoration Theory

Peter Wahrborg 2014 Nature Assisted Rehabilitation of Severe Stress and Depression

Roger S Ulrich 1991 Stress Recovery Theory

Jay Appleton 1975 Prospect-Refuge Theory

Edward Hall 1966 Proxemics Personal Space

PRESSURE SOURCES AND MAIN FUNCTIONS DISTRIBUTION

The design site locates on the main north-south road of the school and is close to the main teaching area, where students gain great pressure from.The design site can be easily accessed from all around the school due to its convenient traffic, which gives us confidence that if designed well, it will be frequently used.

RANKING OF SPACE TYPES PREFERRED BY STUDENTS IN DIFFERENT DISORDERS

Students were asked to choose two from the eight given space types imagining they were under different disorders. This can be used as a reference for what kind of space type is more suitable for these people. Also ,we counted students' preference over space features and found out five most wanted ones.

I keep worrying about my assignments and relationships.

Anxiety

I lose interest over everything and often feel too tired to do things.

Depression

I feel hard to control my temper and become easily annoyed.

Irritability

I haven't slept well for several days.

Sleeping Disorder

I feel like votmiting no matter what I eat.

Eating Disorder

I can't focus on the things I'm doing.

Distraction

DESIGN STRATEGIES

Multifunctional Bridge

Create a ped-cycle bridge to ease traffic pressure/mental pressure by providing sight and shelter

Rehabilitation Spaces

Build different rehabilitation spaces for people suffering from anxiety/ depression/irritability/..., based on firsthand statistics and theories.

Spatial Sequencing

Curve paths provide various interesting exploration possibilities and chances of communication.

Seasonal Planting

Different combinations of plants help people control their emotions/feel the touch from nature and create enough mental social distance in limited spaces.

Eating Disorder

Round sunken squares with a flower tree in the center

Depression

Curve roads and private places surrounded by

Anxiety

Open lawn and wood platforms with a safe shelter

Distraction

Curve flagstone paths through the woods

Irritability

Stairs and wood platforms with items to lean on

Sleeping Disorder

Private spaces in the "Eggs" with decoration grass

SECTION A-A'

SECTION B-B'

SEASONAL PLANTING

Students' mental conditions are affected by weather/temperature/schedule and other factors. Seasonal planting, which provides various color/smell and sense of touch throughout the whole year, can specifically help with different disorders.

For the main six disorders, different combination of plants are designed. For example, blue and purple flowers can help people calm down which suits people suffering from irritability, while orange and yellow can light up people's mood and drive away depression.

Eating Disorder

Anxiety

Irritability&Distraction

Depression

Sleeping Disorder

Trees

Sleeping Disorder

Depression

Anxiety

Eating Disorder

Irritability&Distraction

Depression

PERSPECTIVE II

BRICK CORRIDOR -------HERITAGE PROTECTION AND FUTURISTIC RENEWAL OF THE GREAT WALL

The Great Wall is one of the most magnificent landscape heritages in China, with a history of more than 3000 years. It stretches across China from east to west, with a total length of more than 1800 kilometers. It spans a variety of climatic zones, landforms, natural landscapes and ethnic regions. It can be said to be a double collection of Chinese culture and geography.

The protection of the Great Wall has always been a serious problem. Due to the different landforms and climates of each section of the Great Wall, the erosion such as wind and sand erosion, sun erosion and related natural problems such as water and soil loss are complicated and difficult to manage as a whole. At the same time, the traditional passive protection means have limited effect and lack of breakthrough. The Great Wall under passive protection also has a single function in terms of sightseeing, which is difficult to radiate new vitality.

It should be interesting to try a new way of protection and utilization. While maintaining the basic structure of the Great Wall, I tried to create new functions tailored to the Great Wall, so that it has new practical value and is thus retained for a longer time.

The basic components of the Great Wall are bricks. According to the characteristics of bricks and future new technologies, I replaced the original red bricks with newly transformed bricks, bringing the Great Wall fresh values, including clean energy collection, rainwater collection, cemetery commemoration, etc.

Tsinghua University 2021 Spring Instructor: Zhicong Zhao Site: The Great Wall, China

Gobi Desert

Danxia landform

Loess Plateau

Qilian Mountains

Snow Mountain

Plateau meadow

PASSES AND CASTLES

Taihang Mountain

The Yellow River

LONG WALLS

Yin Mountain

JU-YONG PASS Bada Mountain

Inner Mongolia prairie

Changbai Mountain

The Pacific Ocean

WATER PASS

SHAN HAI PASS

JIA YU PASS

BEACON TOWER (TANG)

CLIFF GREAT WALL

RAMMED GREAT WALL (HAN)

ZHENBEI PASS

BRICK GREAT WALL (MING)

BRICK GREAT WALL (HAN)

BEACON TOWER (MING)

The Great Wall majorly locates on moutain top and consists of the long walls, trenches, buildings such as beacon towers and passes and other related villages.

STONE GREAT WALL(QI)

BEACON TOWERS

The major part of the great wall, connects passes and beacon towers, mainly locates on mountain tops.

An important garrison with troops, often with castles and villages nearby.

Small towers where the beacon fire was lit, to pass on war signals.

MULTIFUNCTIONAL BRICKS REPLACING ORIGINAL ONES

Bricks which form every part of the original great wall, will be replaced by new technical bricks that can take advantage of different natural resources where the great walls are located, and will serve brand new functions in engineering, ecology, clean power and tourism areas.

MULTIFUNCTIONAL BEACON TOWERS AND BRICK ROADS

People built those beacon towers and long walls with bricks mainly, and after replacing the original bricks, the new technical bricks form new beacon towers. Different from the original bricks, technical bricks need to be placed in special patterns to make the biggest use of nature resources and suit special usages.

CO2 collection bricks use light to draw chlorela which can collect CO2, so to make sure every brick has sufficient contact with water is most important. Special interval arrangement is introduced to make sure of that.

Wind power bricks collect static electricity when wind blows through the holes and slim films inside vibrates. The point is to receive wind as strong as possible, so the tower is unusally tall and needs metal support.

Solar power bricks receive sunlight and turn it into electricity, and the receive surface collects sunlight best when it's 45° to the sunlight. And the more bricks are exposed in sunlight, the more energy it can produce.

Rainwater collection beacon tower needs to make as many of the upper surfaces of the bricks contact with rainwater as possible, so it is designed in the shape of a huge funnel, to collect the precious water.

VR experience beacon tower is build on the base of Damaged Remains of the Great Wall. It looks usual on the outside, but once get inside it , tourists will be offered wonderful VR experience about the Great Wall.

Energy storage roads are made of energy storage bricks, and as the need of energy is continuously changing, the bricks also keep come and go, forming different shapes, serving as seats or sculptures.

Memorial grave roads are made of memorial bricks that carries the ash and name of the dead, and provide a place for the living to sit down and memory their family and friends, maybe even put some offerings.

The huge pyramid is made of memorial bricks. When relatives come to visit, they can pull down the corresponding bricks with cables. The sky light blocked by the pyramid pours down from the empty passage.

Wireless power transmission towers are tall and in a shape similar with an antenna. Those towers are located mainly on mountain tops and forms a wireless power transmission net to support power need.

Power transmission road serve as a huge wire across thousands of miles and transmit electricity from place to place. Metal bracket supports the brick-wire and keeps it from too much heat or strike.

Rainwater collection road needs as many bricks exposed to the rain as possible, and be stable as possible because after filled with water the bricks can be heavy, so its cross section looks like a triangle.

AIRCRAFT DESIGN

MANUAL CONTROL BALL SCREEN

REST TANK

VIEWING WALKWAY

ENGINE CIRCLE

GAS TRANSMISSION PIPE

JET ENGINE

MAIN DRIVING SHAFT

The upper part of the aircraft is the part where passengers can enjoy the trip. Passengers can rest in the rest tank and interact with the aircraft's AI. They can walk to the outer circle to view the scenery through the transparent shell on the footpath and stop where they need.

GENERAL DESIGN OF THE SMALL AIRCRAFT

The aircraft is light, stable and flexible, and its main function is to transport passengers and bricks. The brick transport cabin exists in the form of a detachable magnetic suspension ring. The bricks are stored in categories for the best experience of tourists. The aircraft shell is made of transparent materials and a circular footpath is designed for the passengers to view the beautiful scene. The lower half of the housing can be rotated to open, so that the telescopic manipulator can access the bricks from the open cabin.

BRICK TRANSPORTATION CABIN

MAGNETIC LEVITATION DEVICE

MAGNETIC LEVITATION COIL

VIEWING WALKWAY

CONNECT WITH BEACON TOWERS

The aircraft stops at one side of the beacon tower. Passengers can access the beacon tower through the retractable footpath.

Passengers can visit the nearby Great Wall with the beacon tower as the base, and the lower part of the aircraft takes or supplements the bricks of the beacon tower and the long wall.

RETRACTABLE WALKWAY

DRIVE PULLEY

A larger part of the vehicle is occupied by the power structure which is made of a number of small jet engines, and the brick transport structure which is designed as two rings and divided into 12 identical section. The aircraft is designed to be light weighted and as flexible as possible.

FUEL TANK

AIRCRAFT SKIN

PROTECTION SHELL FOR ROBOT ARMS

MECHANICAL ARMS

BRICK TRANSPORTATION STRUCTURE

Two round brick cabins are suspended in the middle of the aircraft using a magnetic levitation structure.

BRICK TRANSPORTATION CABIN

Six kinds of bricks are carried from place to place in twelve transportation tanks.

MAIN DRIVING SHAFT

The most important structure of the aircraft, connects the engine and the rest tank.

TANK / GAS TRANSMISSION PIPE

Fourteen transmission pipes carries gas from the fuel tank to the jet engine.

CORE POWER STRUCTURE

The core part of the aircraft, including the main driving shaft, fuel tank and the jet engine. Small but sophisticated, allows the small aircraft to shuttle flexibly through the air.

Jet engine circle around the shell allows it to move in every direction.

FUEL

JET ENGINE CIRCLE

Full scale tour of the Great Wall depends on a small autonomous aircraft.