Proceedings of the Nantucket Historical Association: Forty-seventh Annual Meeting

PROCEEDINGS OF THE

;/Co/

T'Jantucket Historical Association

lyt

'

Forty - Seventh Annual Meeting July Twenty - Ninth

'

Nantucket Historical Association —o—

DUES As this greatest of all wars continues, it becomes more and more- apparent that we of the Home Front must keep up our support of the many vital things for which our fight­ ing men are giving their lives. Among these is the "Ameri­ can tradition." Usually this is composed of intangibles. In the case of Nantucket, we are fortunate to have a visible exposition of one of our country's traditional activities— one which helped to build the foundation for its commercial success—"deep sea whaling. " There is no place in America quite like Nantucket—the birthplace of deep sea whaling. The town stands unrivaled as an historical locality, still revealing the kind of a com­ munity established and maintained for two centuries by the Quaker whalemen who made New England famous— whalemen who carried the Stars and Stripes into unknown portions of the watery globe, who discovered far off islands in the South Seas where today Americans are fighting; whalemen who made Nantucket the greatest whaling port in the world.

The Nantucket Historical Association is devoted to the preservation of this Island whaling tradition. Your support enables us to carry on the work of maintaining the Whaling Museum, the Fair Street Museum, the Oldest House (built in 1686), the Old Mill, (built in 1746), and the last remaining Friends' Meeting House. These interesting and valuable exhibits are assets to the community—assets of incalculable value to Nantucket.

We urge you to continue your interest and support.

Your Association's Council has had a busy winter, with frequent meetings, and the Custodian Committee has been very active, its members devoting much time and effort to the improvement of the exhibits and the care of the buildings.

The annual meeting will be held this year as usual during the last week in July. Advance notice will be given in the local newspaper, together with further information concerning speakers, topics, etc. We urge you and your friends to attend.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE

Nantucket Historical Association

Forty - Seventh Annual Meeting July Twenty - Ninth

1941

Copyright 1941 By THE NANTUCKET HISTORICAL ASSOCIATION

OFFICERS PRESIDENT

Edouard A. Stackpole v VICE PRESIDENTS

Everett U. Crosby Charles P. Kimball Col. Louis J. Praeger

Fred V. Fuller Bassett Jones Harry B. Turner SECRETARY

Mrs. Oscar B. Eger TREASURER

Robert D. Congdon CURATOR

Mrs. Walton H. Adams AUDITORS

Col. Louis J. Praeger

Miss Cora Stevens COUNCILLORS

Mrs. Alfred Shurrocks Miss Mary Turlay Robinson Miss Cora Stevens Charles A. Selden Clinton T. Macy Dr. George A. Folger Rev. William E. Gardner Mrs. Carl B. Urann

Term Term Term Term Term Term Term Term

Expires Expires Expires Expires Expires Expires Expires Expires

1942 1942 1943 1943 1944 1944 1945 1945

LIFE COUNCILLORS

Mrs. Florence Osgood Lang Miss Annie Alden Folger Edward F. Sanderson

COMMITTEES. Old Mill—Harry B. Turner, Col. Louis J. Praeger, Bassett Jones.

Oldest House—Fred V. Fuller, Clinton T. Macy, Mrs. Carl B. Urann, Mrs. Walton H. Adams.

Historical Rooms and Meeting House—Everett U. Crosby, Mrs. Walton H. Adams, Miss Annie Alden Folger, Charles A. Selden, Rev. William E. Gardner.

Whaling Museum—Charles P. Kimball, Miss Mary Turlay Robin­ son, Charles A. Selden, Rev. William E. Gardner, Dr. George A. Folger.

Membership—Mrs. Alfred F. Shurrocks, Miss Annie Alden Folger, Charles P. Kimball, Miss Cora Stevens.

Finance Committee—Robert D. Congdon, Miss Cora Stevns, Fred V. Fuller, Col. Louis J. Praeger.

MEMBERSHIP The Nantucket Historical Association is an organiza­ tion devoted to the preservation of Nantucket's famed past.

Because of the island's importance in the whaling industry its history has become an important phase in the larger history of the United States. For this reason alone, the Historical Association is not an insular society. Besides the satisfaction derived as a supporter of this island organiz­ ation, as a member you are entitled to free visits as many times as you desire, either to the Whaling Museum, the Friends' Meeting House, Fair Street Historical Rooms, Old Mill or Oldest House. These interesting and valuable exhibits are not only community assets of the highest order but offer innumerable opportunities to enjoy the island's old and historic past.

Life Membership, $15.00; Sustaining Membership, $5.00; Annual Membership, $1.00; Junior Membership 50 cents—annually.

Please make checks payable to Robert D. Congdon, Treasurer, Nantucket, Mass.

ANNUAL MEETING. "T* HE FORTY-SEVENTH annual meeting of the Nantucket Historical

* Association was held on Tuesday afternoon, July 29, at the Friends' Meeting House on Fair street. The familiar room, adjoining the Historical Rooms, was well-filled with members and friends when President Edouard A. Stackpole, who presided, opened the meeting at 3:00 o'clock.

Following a brief address by the President, the business meeting got under way. Mrs. Walton H. Adams, Curator, read her report.

Always interesting, her Report was fully up to expectations this year, and will be found in its entirety in these Proceedings. The splendid attendance at the various exhibits was of considerable satisfaction to all members. The Curator mentioned the fine response to "Open House Day" last fall, when 500 people (the majority of them island­ ers) visited the various exhibits. A number of accessions of more than general interest were mentioned by Mrs. Adams. She commented on a number of them, including articles willed by the late Anna Gardner Fish and Annie S. Wait.

As Mrs. Oscar B. Eger, the Secretary, was unable to be present because of illness, her report was read by Clinton T. Macy, a member of the Council. The report gave the number of annual members as 462, junior members 29, sustaining members 24, life members 95— making a total membership of 610.

The report of the Treasurer, Robert D. Congdon, showed receipts of $4,644.70—of ths amount $3,986.64 coming from admission fees and sales at the various exhibits. Expenses of operating the museums and exhibits totalled $3,375.26.

Total assets of the Association, including buildings, land, trust accounts, and stocks and bonds, are $51,881.57.

Col. Louis J. Praeger, a member of the Old Mill Committee, read a statement of the operation of the Mill. This showed a 65% increase in admissions over a corresponding 5-week period last year (698 in 1941, 412 in 1940). For the same 5-week period this year the income of the Mill increased $129.98 over 1940's first five weeks. The report, prepared through the Chairman, Harry B. Turner, further stated: "We feel that the Society is fortunate in retaining the services of Nathan Thurston, who shows keen interest in 4 7 }§<•

the Mill and operates it with good judgment and care. As it is conducted at present, the Mill should last many years longer without the need of extensive repairs. The demand for the meal continues steady and the miller disposes of the prod­ uct every day through his own effort in meeting passengers in sightseeing busses."

The various reports were voted to be accepted as read. They will be found in complete form in these Proceedings.

He*

**

>Jt*

**

The nominating committee was composed of Mrs. George D. Richmond, Chairman, Mrs. Grace E. Hutaff, and Charles E. Congdon.

In the absence of the chairman, Mrs. Hutaff read the report, nominat­ ing officers for the year 1941-42 as follows: President—Edouard A. Stackpole.

Vice Presidents—Everett U. Crosby, Fred V. Fuller, Col. Louis J. Praeger, Bassett Jones, Charles P. Kimball, Harry B. Turner.

Secretary—Mrs. Oscar B. Eger.

Treasurer—Robert D. Congdon.

Curator—Mrs. Walton H. Adams.

Auditors—Miss Cora Stevens, Col. Louis J. Praeger.

Councillors (for three years)—Rev. William E. Gardner, Mrs. Carl B. Urann.

Upon motion of the meeting, Clinton T. Macy (who had been appointed Secretary pro tern), was instructed to cast one ballot for the above-named officers. This was done and they were declared elected. **

**

**

**

In her Curator's report, Mrs. Adams had mentioned the splendid reproduction of the portrait of Mary Gardner Coffin, which was on exhibition at the front of the room. The chairman called upon Miss Mary Turlay Robinson, a member of the Council, to make a few remarks concerning the portrait, as it was through her interest and work that the portrait was prepared. Miss Robinson explained the process of copying, pointing out how faithfully the artist had repro­ duced the colors, and mentioned the important fact that the original, which hangs in the Oldest House, is one of the earliest American portraits. It is presumed that the bride of Jethro Coffin made a trip to Boston especially to sit for this portrait. **

**

**

**

Miss Annie Alden Folger, a Life Councillor of the Association, was then called upon to say a few words about the preservation of certain island "old things." Miss Folger held up a child's toy teapot, •$8

fashioned many years ago, which she recently rescued from a last voyage to the dump. She pointed out the unusual hinge, and asked that such apparently useless items be held for cleaning and examination.

She hoped that some day a collection of old Nantucket tools would be made, with the salvaging of many old tools now reposing in island attics, barns and cellars. **

**

**

**

William H. Tripp, Custodian of the Old Dartmouth Whaling Museum in New Bedford, was present and responded to an invitation to speak by giving a short account of developments in relation to the whaleship Charles W. Morgan, recently purchased by the Mystic Historical Society. New Bedford strove valiantly to obtain the old ship from the Col. Green estate, especially laudable being the untiring efforts of George H. Reynolds, but to no avail, and the Mystic Society will soon take over. **

**

**

**

The first of the speakers on the afternoon's program was Everett U. Crosby, a Vice President of the Association, whose deep interest in island history has resulted in numerous booklets and pamphlets, among them being "95% Perfect" and "Nantucket's Changing Pros­ perity," studies in Nantucket architecture and future trends; and "Books and Baskets, Signs and Silver," a title self-explanatory.

At the annual meeting in 1940, Mr. Crosby had delivered a valuable paper on "Nantucket Silversmiths." The subject of his paper this year was "Nantucket's Underground Moon," and it was well received by an appreciative audience. It was a well planned paper and, although liber­ ally filled with humorous touches, a carefully prepared document. It will be found in full text in these Proceedings. **

**

**

**

James Monaghan, a summer resident who has made a number of contributions to the annual meetings of the Association during the past few years, read an interesting paper on John James Audubon and his visit to Nantucket one hundred and one years ago. After Sketching the ancestry of this famous ornithologist, Mr. Monaghan drew a good picture of Audubon's adventurous and fascinating life.

When he came to Nantucket to seek buyers for his books and pictures, he found a number of sympathetic souls, including Nathaniel Barney, Andrew M. Macy, and Daniel Jones, Jr., the last two booksellers, who aided him greatly. Among the purchasers of his now famous volumes were George Merrick, Jr., Charles G. Coffin, A. M. Starbuck, Frederic W. Mitchell, George Cobb, Jared Coffin, George B. Upton, James Macy, George F. Folger, F. W. Lawrence, Admiral Coffin's School, and the Nantucket Atheneum (which still has its copies.)

^9>

Mrs. Eleanor Graves, a visitor to Nantucket from Seattle, Wash­ ington, and a guest, with her daughter, of Miss Grace Brown Gardner, of Milk Street, was present at the meeting. She graciously agreed to say a few words to the gathering, and told something of the work of the Oregon and Washington historical societies, in which she has been actively engaged in doing research work, being especially interested in the pioneers to those territories.

She described the northwest corner of our nation as being a second New England, where the sturdy lives of the men and women from this section, who went out there in sailing ships and covered wagons, still are evident in the heritage of the present lives of the people.

Mrs. Graves spoke of the schooner Exact, of Nantucket, and its island master, Captain Isaiah Folger, the vessel and skipper bringing the first settlers to Seattle; and of the ship Sarah Parker, which brought many settlers and supplies to Puget Sound, while under the command of Capt. William Gardner of Nantucket. She also mentioned the famous Admiral Wilkes Expedition, which explored and charted the Columbia River and adjacent waters as well as portions of the vast Pacific Ocean and Antarctic wastes.

As a direct, living connection with the historical events she had mentioned, the chairman introduced three residents of Nantucket among those present at the meeting—Mrs. Robert Appleton, grand­ daughter of Capt. Isaiah Folger, of the Exact; Miss Grace Brown Gardner, grand-daughter of Capt. Gardner, of the Sarah Parker, and Miss Margaret Harwood, grand-daughter of the man who wrote the journal of the Wilkes expedition.

It was indeed a remarkable display of the wide interests which may be developed by connecting the past with the present through living people, making the happenings of long ago come closer and take on a new meaning.

The meeting adjourned shortly before 5:00 o'clock.

-S{10)3-

President's Address.

What Price History?

In the world all about this quiet, peace-reflected island in the sea, there is the upheaval of war—a mighty struggle between opposite ideologies, only one of which can survive. We do not hear the roar of war-planes, nor feel the shock of a sky-ridden bomb; we do not hear the faraway rumble of guns, catch the urge of blood for blood. But one part of the world is already in the grip of the madness that is war; it is inevitable that this hemisphere soon shall become a part of it.

We have already experienced political shiftings, economic changes, and other influences which shape the course of nations. We must soon expect the results from the pressure of other factors allied to war.

Has not history shown what is to be expected under such conditions?

Yes—many times. But its lessons are never fully taken to heart, for that is the course of human nature. And yet, history supplies a com­ fort beyond this fact—it has shown what must be the inevitable con­ sequences to humanity—it reveals that, despite the repetition of blun­ ders of statesmen, eras of savagery, and sufferings of people—humanity somehow survives.

Many view with dread the coming months; they feel the deadly, irresistible approach of the coming struggle for the mastery of the world. Like mariners of old, they feel the insecurity of troubled waters in an approaching storm. A great tide has taken hold of the. Ship of State and bears it swiftly out of this last estuary of peace into the seas of war.

Against the dark of what is to come, history yet holds a mirror for hope. Despite the arrival of this conflict in the offing; despite the sudden and bewildering changes that have affected the intercourse of nations, this world will not be reduced to the status of a war-con­ trolled collection of nations, bitterly victorious or bitterly conquered.

History has proven that life is indestructible; that the essence of life can never be crushed so long as human beings still retain three qualities—faith in the righteousness of God, hope for their homeland, and charity toward their fellow men.

Here, in this little meeting house, where the inner spirit guided the Island Friends of old (and still guides those coming here to seek

<{ 11 >

the light), we .will let the stalwart oldness of those days help us to meet the newness of these days. There was high courage and foresight in this old whaling town in the crisis of 1778, and in the days of 1814.

How much easier is our lot today!

Few of us, individually, have the opportunity to aid in righting the wrongs which created this second World War. But, with a full understanding of the lessons taught by history, we can go about our daily tasks with confidence in the future.

What Price History?

Has it not revealed to us that every voyage has its storms as well as its fair breezes? With simple faith, let us stand by, doing our part to aid in bringing to port that ship, that mariner and that voyager —for the end of this voyage will come, all in its due and proper time!

EDOUARD A. STACKPOLE, President.

4 12

Secretary's Report.

Mr. President, Members and Friends of the Nantucket Historical Association: Once again we are assembled here in this historic Quaker meeting house for our 47th Annual Meeting. The officers and members of the Association extend cordial greetings to old friends and new who have gathered today.

In this year, as in the past years, our desire is for increased membership, additions to our fine collections, and a growing interest in our Association and its work.

The Council during the past year has held its regular meetings for routine business. The first was called according to custom as soon after our annual meeting as possible, on August 26, 1940, at which committees were chosen for the ensuing year. Other Council meetings for routine business were held on October 9, 1940; December 7, 1940, May 19, 1941, and June 9, 1941. The routine business of the Council has been transacted in proper order. The meetings have all been well attended. As is customary, with your permission, I will dis­ pense with the summary of all the details relative to the business of the year.

Again this year we have the sad list of those who have been called from us. Among these are three life members; namely, Miss Annie Bodfish, Rev. Walter H. Rollins and Arioch W. Erickson; and a sustaining member, Mr. J. Macy Willets. Other members who have been taken from us, and whose presence will be sadly missed by us all, are Mr. and Mrs. Kenneth Taylor, Miss Anna Gardner Fish, Miss Margaret Coffin Starbuck, Miss Bertha Hazard, Miss Emma H. Van Pelt, Arthur Williams, Harry R. Franklin, Donald C. Gray, Miss Julia Maynard, Mrs. Thomas H. Giffin, Charles S. Ashley, John R. Barnard, Mrs. Anna K. Swain, Mrs. Edgar Twitchell and Mr. and Mrs. Joseph A. Campbell.

Our membership stands thus at the close of the fiscal year, June 30, 1941.

Life Members 95 Sustaining Members 24 Annual Members 462 Junior Members 29 Total Membership

610

Respectfully submitted, CATHERINE RAY EGER, Secretary.

•$13>

Curator's Report.

Mr. President and Members: The past year has been a rather difficult one for your Curator.

While convalescing last summer and fall, she was unable to do much active work, but at least her mind was active, and the usual activi­ ties of the museums continued without her presence. The season of 1940 was excellent, as far as attendance was concerned. The Whaling Museum had about 8,000 visitors, while the Historical Museum had about 1300 and the Oldest House about 1600. The same attendants were in charge, and it seemed advisable to have an assistant at the whaling museum, so Mr. John Kittila was engaged to serve part time duty, relieving Mr. Grant from the long hours which he had hereto^ fore been giving. This seemed a very satisfactory arrangement, but at the opening of the present season Mr. Kittila was away from the island, so his place has been filled by Mr. Edward Grant, who has had long years of experience in light-house and sea duty, and had the same grandfather as the present custodian George Grant, so it seems doubly fitting for him to assist in this work.

There have been very few accessions the past year at the Whaling Museum. A few books and pamphlets and clippings for the library seem to be all that has come in. Our librarian, Miss Cathcart, is ill at present and we miss her very much, as she has been connected with the library since it opened in 1930, and has all the material there at her finger tips. Her place is being temporarily filled by Miss Lydia Freeborn.

At the Oldest House, there seems to be little to report. The out­ standing accession there is the photographic reproduction of Mary Gardner Coffin, which you see here before you. Through the courtesy of the Frick Library the negative has been loaned to us and the actual photographic enlargement was made by the chief photographer at the Library, during his spare time. The color was added through the kindness of Miss Mary Turlay Robinson, who made a sketch of the original portrait last fall, and it was through her efforts that we have this fine reproduction. It is so much like the original that your Curator was quite startled when she saw it hanging on the wall at the old house just after looking at the original at the historical museum. It

414

is a remarkably fine piece of work and our thanks and gratitude are due Miss Robinson for making it possible to have this reproduction made.

The gratitude of your Curator is extended to Clinton T. Macy for his great assistance during the time when she was unable to attend to her usual duties. The building committee has been on the alert and recently held a full committee meeting at the house and recommended several repairs and ordered new signs made, to be placed at strategic points; also, Miss Folger is still scheming to defeat the worms which are eating the tables and chairs.

At the Historical Museum, the custodians report the same kind comments, as in years past, about the fine collection which we have and speaking particularly about the arrangement of the collection.

One lady, who has visited many museums, said: "Don't spoil your museum by making it too much like others, it has individuality."

However, there is much that can be done to make it appear less crowded, and the Council has appointed Mr. Crosby and your Curator to go through the exhibits and remove any article which in their judgment has little or no interest to the average visitor.

Mr. Crosby is also proceeding with the compiling of a catalogue of objects of especial interest to the visitors and which can be placed on sale and be of assistance in guiding visitors to the highlights of our exhibit.

Last September, just after closing time, we held a free open house day, and all the buildings were thronged with visitors, about 193 visiting the Historical Museum, half of whom were Nantucket people.

At the Oldest House there were 166 and at the Whaling Museum 200.

Also, in September, groups of school children were admitted to the two museums and we feel sure they were richly rewarded by their visits.

We have re-published the little booklet written by Miss Susan E. Brock called "Doubling Cape Horn," and it is now on sale for fifty cents per copy. Miss Brock had very carefully made some notes of material which was to be added when the booklet was published again, and with this addition and three illustrations, it makes a very interesting little story.

There are very few actual loans in our exhibit now, and this past year several people have passed on and we have transferred articles loaned by them to our actual catalogue. It seems fitting at this time to speak of the passing of Miss Annie Bodfish, one of the early pioneers of our Association, who did much volunteer work and was an energetic worker in those early days. Also of Miss Bertha Hazard, who, in the past, has been a donor of many articles of interest and many pamphlets and papers.

^15^-

We have received a bequest from Miss Margaret Starbuck, of a tine crayon portrait of her father William Coffin Starbuck, and a certificate of dentistry given to William C. Starbuck in Lisbon, in 1853, also the sum of twenty-five dollars.

From the estate of Miss Anna Gardner Fish we have received some interesting articles of historic value, and there are more to come as soon as your Curator can find time to go through the attic at her late home on Broad Street. Among the articles already received are a beautiful red silk shawl, with deep fringe, a fine little sampler made by Sarah Fish, and a very handsome bead bag, also several interesting pamphlets. We have also received from the late Mrs Annie interesting pamphlets. We have also received from the late Mrs. Annie two muslin caps, a kerchief and cashmere shawl, and a fine old quilted petticoat.

Another acquisition is an old French clock with a glass cover, which was presented by a lady who received it as a gift from Miss Gulielma Folger. The clock is said to have been brought home from France by one of Miss Folger's brothers. We have acquired an account book formerly belonging to Gardner & Swain, 1793. This was given as an exchange gift, when, and if, we have something to give.

A letter has been donated written by Admiral Sir Isaac Coffin to Hon. Charles Ogle, Bart., in 1827; also, some letters from Greville and Phillips relating to the settlement of Nantucketers at Milford Haven, Wales, in 1785-88. These letters were copied from material from the Public Record office, London. It was through the kindness of Prof.

Horace H. Morse that we were able to acquire this copy.

Accessions to the library have been an excellent little book called "Books and Baskets, Signs and Silver of Old Time Nantucket," written by Mr. Everett U. Crosby. We have also been presented with a copy of "A Grandfather for Benjamin Franklin" by the author, Mrs. Florence Bennett Anderson. We have accepted a very generous offer of Mrs. Anderson's, whereby we are to receive a consignment of this book to be placed on sale at our several buildings, and the Association is to receive a 40% discount for all sales with the privilege of re­ turning unsold copies at the end of the season. In making this generous offer Mrs. Anderson is expressing her esteem and devotion to our Association and for which we owe her a vote of appreciation and thanks.

We have also purchased Eleanor Early's book, "An Island Patch­ work." From Mrs. May Bunker Swain we have received a very hand­ some swift which belonged in the Paddock family. And from Miss Mary P. Folger we have received an old green umbrella brought from Halifax by Thomas Folger and engraved in Nantucket by James Easton. A new contribution to our Indian relics has come from Mr. 4 16 }3<-

Elwyn Francis, being fragments of soapstone pottery excavated from within Sachem Potcomet's probable bounds, Madaket to Capaum Pond.

Also some deer antlers and a piece of red cedar excavated from a part of Head Sachem Wanackmamack's territory at Sesachacha Pond.

Another accession is a silver loving cup presented to Prof. Stan­ ley Edwards Johnson by the teachers in the local schools a few days before he left Nantucket, dated June 7, 1901. Prof. Johnson felt he would like to have it placed in our Museum.

Four years of The Inquirer and Mirror have been shipped off to be bound, and we hope to continue sending them until all have been bound. This work has been too long delayed and many of our papers are in bad shape, so we have started with the later years and will work back as we have the money advanced to do it. Our storage space for newspapers is very inadequate.

We were much delayed in opening this year as it was found nec­ essary to install a new skylight in the roof of the main building. As it was constructed of steel, the shipment was delayed, and it did not arrive until the day we were scheduled to open. However, the work was rapidly finished and we were able to open a week later. A new roof is about to be put on the building also. Last fall, the Quaker Meeting House was painted on the outside and makes a very much improved appearance. During this month, and to be continued through August, a group of Friends are holding meetings each Sunday in this meeting house, with an average attendance of twenty-five.

We have added to our equipment two steel filing cases, which we shall use for papers and documents which have heretofore been kept in the vault, the latter having become so damp that it is not a fit place to keep valuable papers and books.

Your Curator has been trying to classify and catalogue the many, many papers which are in the vault, and it seems like an end­ less task, but much progress has been made and we hope to finish the work this year. Although these papers are not much used, it seems quite necessary to have them accessible at all times and easy to be found. In closing this report, I desire to express my appreciaton of the manner in which those associated with me on the several buildings have performed their various duties during the year. The real efficiency of an Association like this depends upon the daily routine work and when the work is performed by those who have the welfare of the Association at heart, it makes the task of the Curator a more pleasant one.

Respectfully submitted, NANCY S. ADAMS, Curator.

•^17}3o

Treasurer's Report.

RECEIPTS Cash July 1, 1940

$22.81

General Account—Dues, Sales and Gifts

$532.75

Museum Accounts Fair Street—Admissions and Sales Oldest House—Admissions and Sales Whaling Museum—Admissions and Sales Old Mill—Admissions and Sales

381.80 475.05 1,910.55 1201.24 $3,968.64

Investments Life Memberships Income credited Bequest—Margaret Starbuck Loan Payments

$45.00 4.50 25.00 46.00 $120.50

Total Receipts

$4,644.70

«{18 J3-

Treasurer's Report.

EXPENSES. General Account—Postage, printing, supplies Salaries

$589.80 400.00 $989.80

Museum Accounts Fair Street—Attendants and Maintenance Oldest House—Attendants and Maintenance Whaling Museum—Attend's and Maintenance Old Mill—Attendants and Maintenance

$641.14 258.67 1428.61 1046.84 $3,375.26

Investments Life Membership Acct., N. I. S. Loans

$45.00 60.00 $105.00

Cash Balance, June 30, 1941

$174.64 $4,644.70 ASSETS

Land and All Buildings Collections in all Museums Trust Accounts—Nan. Inst, for Savings Bonds and Stocks

$25,000.00 10,000.00 16,724.07 157.50 $51,881.57

LIABILITIES Old Mill

$720.14 Respectfully submitted, ROBERT D. CONGDON, Treasurer.

Approved: Miss Cora Stevens, Col. Louis J. Praeger, Auditors.

19 ^

Report of Old Mill Committee.

To the Members of the Nantucket Historical Association: The operation of the Old Mill this year presents some interesting and gratifying comparisons.

From September 15, 1939, to June 15, 1940 (the period of the year when the Mill is closed) the miller sold 214 pounds of meal, the income being $26.70.

From Sept. 15,1939 to June 15, 1940 (the same period of the year) the miller sold 275 pounds of meal, the income being $39.00.

For the first five weeks of 1940 there were 412 admissions; for the first five weeks of 1941, admissions totalled 698.

From June 15, 1940, to July 25, 1940, there were 412 admissions and 1,260 pounds of meal sold. The income from the Mill during these five weeks, a year ago, was $289.43.

From June 15, 1941, to July 25, 1941 (covering the same five weeks this year), the income from the Mill was $418.41.

This shows an increased business thus far this year amounting to $128.98—an increase which reveals two things in particular; namely, an increase in interest in connection with the Old Mill; and the ef­ forts and energy of the miller, Nathan Thurston.

We feel that the Association is fortunate in retaining the services of Mr. Thurston, who shows keen interest in the Mill and operates it with good judgment and care. As it is conducted at present, the Mill should last many years longer -without the need of extensive repairs.

The demand for the meal continues steady and the miller dis­ poses of much of the product every day through his own efforts in meeting passengers in the sight-seeing busses.

The Committee feels that the increase of $128.98 in receipts from the Mill during the first five weeks of the present season should be properly noted at the annual meeting and for that reason the Committee makes this report.

Respectfully submitted, HARRY B. TURNER, Chairman, COL. LOUIS J. PRAEGER, For the Old Mill Committee.

H5{20^

Nantucket's Underground Moon.

BY EVERETT U. CROSBY. That the moon influences the weather has been the belief of our Island people during many generations but more in the past than at present. Tradition has it that "when the moon changes underground foul weather will attend." This needs some explaining. We are told this used to be a belief of sailors and yet we have known of whaling captains who completely discredited it. But it must have one time been a factor in the lives of our people. Even to this day some of them ashore heed it, to the extent that they will not plan a journey to the continent, put out the weekly wash, open up the roof or cut hay on the day of the underground moon.

The tradition is kept alive, we are glad to note, by Mr. Harry Turner of The Inquirer and Mirror, often by an article during the summer season, for the quaintness of the subject excites much interest and the explanation offered serves to continue the mystery.

As we all know, the moon has four quarters of approximately seven days each, the first of which is spoken of as the new moon, next the. first quarter, followed by the full moon and then the last quarter, after which we come to the next new moon. In the Old Farmer's Al­ manac, which guided our forefathers and now serves the Mirror for this purpose, the day is divided into two periods of twelve hours each, and an occurrence during the first is recorded as of the morning and in the second as of the evening. That is to say, zero hour 45 min­ utes morning is quarter of one after midnight. Zero hour is the time from midnight to one A. M. and from noon to one P. M. It appears that the occasional elucidation of this subject in the Mirror stems from an article in that paper of July 8, 1905, written by its then proprietor Mr. Roland B. Hussey. This was accompanied by a humorous illustration depicting elves prying up the underground moon with a crowbar, and students in cap and gown hunting for it with lanterns, so that at least thirty-six years ago this tradition was not being taken with complete seriousness. What might be called an explanation of the underground moon also appears in William F. Macy's "Nantucket Scrap Basket" which he published in 1916 in collaboration with Mr. Hussey, in which he affirms the time of what he calls the "real" underground moon is "when it makes its <6(21 )§•

change between the time of setting and rising and between the hours of twelve and one o'clock, being the time when it is below the horizon or underground."

All of the local traditions save one which we have read or heard of use the zero hour as a determinant but otherwise vary greatly in choice or inclusion of midnight or midday and of the new, full, first or last quarter phases of the moon. The belief seems to relate to weather following the moon phase and not. shortly preceding it. One old popular consequence of an underground moon of any phase was said to be unsettled weather for two weeks following.

In this explanation our purpose has been to check for a fiveyear period the weather that actually occurred with that which was prophesied by the underground moon formula and thus determine to what extent the tradition may be relied upon to guide us in the future.

What the belief consists of has been difficult to ascertain as opinions vary radically and in several fundamental particulars. There are, however, two chief definitions of an underground moon. The "true" and most prophetic one is thought to be a new moon which occurs at twelve to one o'clock midnight. The other definition is the occurrence of any one of the four moon phases, namely, a new, first quarter, full or last quarter moon occurring either at twelve to one o'clock midnight or twelve to one o'clock midday. These are the two extremes and we will check them both.

But we must first know what influence on the weather is ex­ pected. We learn that some expect an underground moon to bring bad weather on the date of the underground moon or shortly there­ after. Others claim that "unsettled weather" will attend for two weeks following an underground moon date. We will check both of these theories.

Also we must first arbitrarily determine what we are to define as bad weather. A storm, in U. S. Weather Bureau language is a wind of thirty-two miles or more velocity per hour sustained for five minutes or more. This is with or without rain. We can regard such a storm as bad weather. And any valuable formula for prophesying bad weather should above all else be able to indicate these storm days.

An exception is the frequently prevailing southwest wind at thirty to thirty-five miles per hour with clear weather, or a similar wind of a dry northeaster; these are not regarded as "bad weather" in this review.

In addition, underground moon weather advocates will wish to include as bad weather rainy days in which there are no winds of storm velocity, so in part of our checking we will give the results for bad weather as consisting of all storm and rain days together, a rain

^22^-

0)

+3 HH

j3

-P O) rX o £

IS

> o3

"S 03

T3 Tl o £ <D

,£ +3

£ .2 2 O -43 o £

o -4-3

m -43

£

-4-3 2 CD X Ifl <D m £ o3 o bJO > •4-3 o O .2 2 .2 *43 r£ m

ft £

r£

2

£

bD

o3 .2 *43 s 13 -P CO CD £ <D CQ rO P n>

£

£

W

£

cc

W

"S o XJl

2 £

H

3

"

®

r£

<D

B 5 o

§

t J

£ -43 «

w

ft O

° «

&

o

day being determined as one having one-half inch or more of rainfall in twenty-four hours.

We are examining the records for the five consecutive years 1935 to 1939 inclusive because they were the last five years at the time this review was started. The following statistics apply to this peiiod.

1826 days—total number of days in the five years.

138 days—total number of days of real storms, viz.: 27 in 1935.

27 in 1936.

26 in 1937.

26 in 1938.

32 in 1939.

219 days—days of real storm plus rain days.

5 days of new moon at midnight to 1 A. M. 19 days of all four moon phases occurring at midnight.

27 days of all four moon phases occurring at midnight and mid­ day.

First Check. To determine the weather that occurred on the actual dates of the five "true" underground moons, viz., when the new moon phases occurred between twelve midnight and one A. M. Year 1935 1936 1937 1938 1938

Month Jan. June April March April

Day 5 19 11 2 30

Wind 18-S 18-SE 22-SW 33-SW 16-N

Rain none none none none .10

Snow none none trace trace none

Remarks clear pt. cloudy pt. cloudy clear cloudy

Therefore no storm or even moderately bad weather occurred precisely on these five days of which two were clear, two were partly cloudy and one was cloudy.

Shcond, Check. To determine the weather for a spread of seven days, viz., for one week commencing with each of the five true moon dates, making a total of thirty-five days: of these five were bad, with wind or rain, namely 14%, and an unsettled period occurred in two of the five weeks, one of three days' duration and one of five days' dura­ tion.

Third Check. To determine for two weeks' periods (commencing with each of the five true moons) how many real storm days occurred and how many days of rain without storm. During these seventy days there were 8 real storm dates and 4 rain dates without storm, a total of twelve, or 17 % of bad days.

Fourth Check. To determine the nearest bad weather date (wind or rain) following all moon dates (all four phases at either midnight <j[23fr

or midday). The average for five years is for the storm date to follow seventeen days after the moon date; and for the storm or rain date to follow eight days after.

Putting all this another way as looking into the future, if we were to be governed by the results of these five years we would expect the following each year: 1 true underground moon 5 underground moons of all phases at midday and midnight 28 real storm days 44 days of bad weather, meaning the storm plus rain days There would be no bad weather on the day of the occurrence of a true underground moon.

Next, in respect to the true moon on the seven days commencing with such a moon, there would be bad weather 32% of the time, a period of unsettled weather in two out of the five true moon weeks, and on the fourteen-day period commencing with a true moon there would be bad weather on 17% of the days.

It would seem that if this checking indicates anything, it is that the underground moon as defined cannot be regarded as foretelling bad weather, but can more properly be regarded as foretelling good weather, and that there is no virtue in the true moon as compared to the other underground moons.

It has been our purpose to sympathetically support this tradition as we have seen the attempt to ignore or decry it from at least four sources, to wit.

First, the people. Times have changed. Ships no longer sail the seas. The population center has moved inland from the coast. Many city dwellers never know from which direction the wind blows, or if there is a moon. To them weather has ceased to be a subject of concern or much interest, except possibly at week-ends.

Second, the scientists. They state without reservation that there is no relation between the moon and our weather, except that the moon influences our tides and the tides in turn affect the atmospheric pressure, but in an infinitesimal degree. These scientists also abso­ lutely discredit the ground hog, the first three days of December, the dry moon lying on its back, St. Swithin's Day, and other old-time weather indicators.

Another commonly accepted weather tradition has been upset by checking. It has been believed that veering winds (that is, winds changing clockwise) were followed by better weather than backing winds. A Weather Bureau official made a test, of which we have the data, which showed that just the reverse is true along the New England coast.

•$24]^

Third, the moon. Yes, perhaps the moon, that is to say, the socalled "true" underground moon, is the worst offender to the useful­ ness of our tradition, loafing on the job, actually being away without leave through the entire year of 1939. How can we get along in these forecasts if the moon fails us altogether?

Fourth, the had weather. True, there has been the usual rather uniform amount of this throughout each of our five years, as the Weather Bureau statistics show, but the bad weather fails us by not coinciding with the underground moon dates.

The dates of the beginning of the four phases of each of the thirteen moons in each year, or in any number of years in the future, are known to the minute and second and they are set forth in print on The Inquirer and Mirror calendar a year in advance. They are absolutely fixed, but not so the time the weather changes, so far as anyone now knows. This has been a chance then for the weather to be accommodating and to show a little elasticity so that bad weather may coincide with a lot of our fixed moon dates.

In conclusion, it occurs to us to make a number of suggestions to relieve this siuation which, quite frankly, has not developed favorably to the underground moon tradition.

First, if anyone wishes to take the time (it will not be the author of this report), let him make up sheets for a ten-year period recording each Weather Bureau storm on its proper date. Then record all occur­ rences of all moon phases for the twenty-four hours of each day for the ten years. From this could be worked out a formula for future storm prophesying which would be most nearly in agreement with the actual storm happenings of that past period.

Second. This proposition would be not to limit the underground moon to the zero hours, but to extend the time to all occurrences of all phases which take place below the horizon. It may be that there is ample old-time authority for something of this kind, in justification of which we quote from the log book of Capt. John J. Gardner of Nan­ tucket in the year 1852 furnished by Mrs. Clark Coffin. It was written on the fly-leaf as though very important: "Observations on the weather—If the moon changes, fulls or quarters, from ten in the evening, to two in the morning, you may expect fair weather for the next seven days. And if she changes, fulls or quarters, from ten in the morning to two in the afternoon, you will have foul weather for the next seven days."

Third, and finally, is a suggestion that may be favored for its simplicity. It is that hereafter we make but one simple change in the tradition and have it that the underground moon predicts good weather instead of bad weather. This would improve our score tremendously. t§(25 }*•

Audubon on Nantucket.

BY JAMES MONAGHAN. John James Audubon, one of our great well known Americans, devoted the best part of his life to his volumes on "The Birds of America," and, in conjunction with his sons and others, on "The Quadrupeds of America," with other volumes on similar subjects.

These artistic volumes gave him an international reputation.

John Borroughs, in his life of Audubon, in the little Beacon Biographies, says: "Audubon's life naturally divides itself into three periods: his youth, which was on the whole a gay and happy one, and which lasted till the time of his marriage at the age of twenty-eight; his business career which followed, lasting ten or more years, and consisting mainly in getting rid of the fortune his father left him; and his career as an ornithologist which, though attended with great hardships and privations, brought him much happiness, and, long before the end, substantial pecuniary rewards."

To prevent the implication from Borroughs' text that Audubon was not happy after his marriage, I must say that his marriage was a very happy one.

His ancestry was, until recently, in some respects unknown. It has been earnestly suggested that he was the lost French Dauphin, who you know was clandestinely taken out of prison in Paris, in the French Revolution, and never heard of again. Nantucket might well wish that Audubon was the Dauphin as it would add greatly to the interest of the little statue of the Dauphin in the adjoining room of the Nantucket Museum. I fear this suggestion is not the true one as there are too many lost Dauphins in the world already.

The encyclopedias and biographies are very much mixed as to Audubon's birth, but later biographers state the case definitely, with documentary evidence. Audubon's father was a captain in the French navy and served with Lafayette in our Revolutionary war. He fought pirates of Cape Haitien, sank a British ship, and was with Admiral DeGrasse at Yorktown when Cornwallis surrendered. The Captain married a French woman older than himself and she had no children.

After years of absence from his home in France, he returned from Haiti in Santo Domingo with two children of his own by different mothers. One of these children, a boy, born on April 26, 1785, is the subject of my sketch. The Captain confessed to his wife that he was <26]3»

their father. She asked who their mothers were. He said hesitatingly, as to the mother of the boy, "Call her—call her Mademoiselle Rabin."

Donald Peattie comments on this as follows: "Mrs. Audubon knew that the mother's full name would never pass his lips; that she had been some one high born." But Mrs. Audubon became a devoted mother to both children. The Captain in his will left his estate to these children, to the boy by the name of Jean Rabin. Greatly to the boy's credit, he gave his share to his half sister, although he repudiated the name.

The boy had an inborn love for birds. His father, impressed with his son's ability to draw pictures of the birds, sent him to Paris to take lessons from the artist David, court painter to Napoleon. He was later instructed by Sully in Philadelphia, and others elsewhere.

He afterwards met Charles Lucien Bonaparte, who was the first to suggest to him the publication of his pictures.

At the age of 18, young Audubon was sent to his own beloved country to take charge of his father's estate of Mill Grove Farm near Philadelphia on Perkiomen Creek, a tributary of the Schuylkill River, the Valley Forge country. The Farm consisted of a large tract of land, a large house, a large mill and a little cave. The cave was already oc­ cupied by little feathered tenants. This made it all the more attractive to the lover of birds. He brought from his house his books and crayons, his papers and gun, and made this his study. One of the first things that occurred to him was to try to find out the history of the little tenants. He says: "I fixed a light silver thread on the leg of each bird, loose enough not to hurt the part but so fastened that no exertion of theirs could remove it." In this way he would know his little tenants from year to year. Peattie says: "Audubon was the unconscious founder of the Bird Banding Society that a hundred years later would plot the marvelous course of the birds."

Returning one day from his cave to his house, he wasf told that a gentleman, a Mr. Bakewell, who had recently bought the near-by property of Fatland Ford, had called on him. "Oh, yes," our young Frenchman said, "that Englishman! If he calls again, tell him I am not at home." They soon met, however, and made up and on his first call he fell in love with the Englishman's daughter. They were married a few years later, and she made him a most devoted wife.

Describing the twelve days of their wedding journey to Louisville by flatboat down the Ohio River, Peattie says: "The craft in which they floated through this innocent Eden was called an Ark and Audu­ bon writes of these vessels that they accommodated the immigrants, their wives, children, cows, pigs, dogs, cats, chickens, ducks and geese; on the decks were piled beds and bedding, farm implements, spinning wheels and stoves When the voyagers were in need of meat, they

•^27^-

made fast to the bank and in a few minutes the men would have teal and turkey and grouse enough for the feast. The women had built the fire and found the spring, and soon the spit was turning, and the odor of wood smoke and browning fowl mingled with the smell of fern and lichen and moss When darkness came, the whippoorwill, calling in the depths of the forest, brought eerieness to the moment, and the couples, hand in hand, went back to the Ark, where in the prow John took his fiddle under his chin and drew a sweet bow across the responsive strings The oddest honey-moon journey in the unwritten history of lovers."

Audubon himself says: "No sooner had we landed, and made known our intention of remaining, than we were introduced to the principal inhabitants of the place and its vicinity, although we had not brought a single letter of introduction, and could not but see, from their unremitting kindness, that the Virginian spirit of hospitality displayed itself in all the words and actions of our newly formed friends."

But he failed in every business he undertook, except in depicting the birds, etc. He introduced the novelty of painting them in their environment, often with very charming landscapes. He wandered all over the middle and southern United States hunting for birds to draw. It was for years a hand-to-mouth existence, ending in imprison­ ment for debt. His wife supported the family by teaching. At last he decided to join her. Peattie says: "He found she had prospered in his absence, and was earning nearly $3000 a year, with which she was quite ready to help him in the publication of his drawings. He forth­ with resolved to see what he could do to increase the amount of his own efforts [!]. Receiving an offer to teach dancing he soon had a class of sixty organized. But the material proved so awkward and refractory that the master in his first lesson broke his bow and nearly ruined his violin in his excitement and impatience. Then he danced to his own music till the whole room came down in thunders of applause.

The dancing lessons brought him $2,000; this sum, together with his wife's savings, enabled him to foresee a successful issue of his great ornithological works."

His next move was to go to Europe. From there he wrote his wife: "I am cherished by the most notable people in and around Liverpool, and have obtained letters of introduction to Baron Humbolt, Sir Walter Scott, Sir Humphrey Davy, Sir Thomas Lawrence, Hannah More, Miss Edgworth, and your distinguished cousin Robert Bakewell." Peattie says: "Mark his courtesy to his wife in this gra­ cious mention of her relative—a courtesy which never forsook any woman's affections. His paintings were put on exhibition in the rooms of the Royal Institute, an admittance of one shilling being charged.

28 }>

From this source he soon realized a hundred pounds." After a month spent in exhibiting his pictures in Liverpool, he visited Edinburgh, London and Paris. In all these and other neighboring places, he was received with interest and enthusiasm, which was repeated on his return to America. He later went again to Europe, this time with his wife, and arranged for the publication of the bird books.

His visit to Nantucket, discovered by me in the public Library of Philadelphia, in his volume 2 of "Letters," must be given in his own language, with his own abbreviations, etc., in two letters to his family, the first one, written July 24, 1840, in Nantucket, as follows: "My Dear Friends,—I received yours of the 20th Inst, last evening and it relieved my poor mind very much, for I thought it a long time since I had heard from you all.

"I arrived here Tuesday last at 4 o'clock of the afternoon by Steamer, and I have found this Island quite a curiosity, but as I have not time for description of it I will proceed with the important part our Business. When I reached New Bedford on Saturday evening, the Pictures had not arrived, but they came during Sunday, and I opened them on Monday [?] morning in the Insurance office, where they Showed to good advantage; I cannot tell if any have been Sold, but rather think So as I had some talk with several Gents about some of them. The cleaning and the varnishing has improved their appear­ ance much—[ ] there was very little hope of selling the large work.—Here I found that neither the Atheneum nor Mr. C. G. Coffin had paid for their Nos [however, he restored their credit by adding] but will have the money today or tomorrow.—The New Subscribers are as follows.

Admiral Coffin's School Library, deld 13 Nos Paid 12$.

D. Jones Junior.—delivered 13 Nos Paid 13$.

James Macy. deld 6 paid 6$.

A. W. Starbuck 6 Nos Paid 6$.

F. W. Lawrence Deld 6 Nos Paid 6$.

George B. Hupton deld 6 Nos Paid 24$.

F. W. Mitchell Deld 6 Nos Paid 6$.

• Geo. Cobb Deld 6 Nos Francis F. Hussey deld 6 Nos paid 6$.

George F. Folges [Folger] deld 6 paid 6$.

Jared Coffin deld 6 nos Pd 6$.

"I have some others in the place who will come in to day. it is now only 5 o'clock and rainy, but the steamer goes at 8 and I must be shaved &c by breakfast which takes place at 7. There is a Gentleman who talks of purchasing a Copy of the large work, but I cannot say any more [ ] I wish all my sets had been compleat for I would •*§{ 29 >

then have received more money. However I will write to you how the Nos are to be forwarded here as I have finished procuring Names.

I do not expect to leave this until Monday next, and you may wi ite for me at New Bedford. The news from our beloved Maria and Johny are most extraordinary to me, and I am sadly grieved that both ever went to Charleston, but it was to be I suppose. I will write to Johny on Sunday. I have some pretty shells for Harriette and Lulu to play with. The people are extremely kind here, and I have seen a good deal of the Island.—Now Dearest Friends God bless you All, remember me to all Friends and believe me ever most effect'y. Your Husband Father and Friend. John J. Audubon."

In his next letter, written in New Bedford, he says: "My visit to Nantucket was perhaps a fruitful one, in as much as I have procured 18 names while there and now have 20 subscribers on that truly curious Island. [ ] Mr. Progue relinquished his names, thinking as he Says that the Nos were one cent each!!!

The following names were added: Andrew M. Macy deld 6 Nos 6$.

Thomas D. Morris deld 6 Nos 6$.

Nathaniel Barney deld 6 Nos 24$.

Charles P. Crane 6 David Joy 6 Geo. Merrick Junr 6 Charles G. Coffin 13 Nos Nantucket Atheneum deld 13 176$ "Dannel Jones Junr Esqr. Book Seller who will act as our agent, along with Andrew M. Macy Esqr Bookseller. Neither of these gentlemen will hear of a commission, they assisted me greatly &e.

"There are no Hotels or Taverns in Nantucket and I went to a Boarding House, 3 beds in a room, and $12 per week! pretty severe! One Gent there was so honorable as to propose to take a copy of the large work paying down 100$ and one hundred dollars annually without interest for nine years to come! by which he would have had that Copy for nothing.

"You will receive a Box containing shells and Sperm Whale Teeth for the Darlings to play with and ornament the chimney mantel, and also the History of Nantucket, which read."

I will close my address with Borroughs last paragraph: "Audubon belonged to the early history of the country, to the pioneer times, to the South and the West, and was, on the whole, one of the most win­ some, interesting, and picturesque characters that have ever appeared in our annals." <30^-

REV. ARTHUR COOPER. (From a painting on wood in the Historical Rooms) Escaping from slavery in Virginia in 1820, together with a woman who afterwards became his wife, two years later Arthur Cooper was res­ cued from a pursuing sheriff by a group of Nantucket "Friends.'

He subsequently became a minister among the people of his race.

"Angola Street" and Arthur Cooper— a Misplaced Street and a Rescued Slave.

BY EDOUARD A. STACKPOLE. Running to the west from Pleasant street, in the southwesterly part of Nantucket, is a narrow, sandy lane known as "Angora Street.

It connects Pleasant and North Mill streets, at the south side of the extensive garden of the estate known for many years as ' Moor s End. Just when this lane took its present name is a matter for conjecture, the strangest part of its derivation is that it is unquestionably meant to be "Angola Street." But, according to the William Coffin map of 1834 and to earlier records, "Angola Street" actually runs to the south of "Angora," and today is a mere cart-track, with no sign to mark it and not a single house standing on either side of its short length.

Just why and when "Angora Street" was mis-named or, more properly when "Angola Street" was misplaced, is not known, but during the year 1922 the town engaged an off-island concern to make some new street signs and it was probably at this time that the street was misplaced and the name transformed. That such an error should have gone unnoticed is perhaps understandable as the houses on Angola Street have long since disappeared. But it is to be regretted that the mistake should be perpetuated because "Angola Street" has a definite derivation, while the name "Angora" is meaningless in comparison. Angola Street undoubtedly took its name from that part of the west coast of Africa frequented by the whalemen almost two cen­ turies ago. Not only with this distinction, the street has a further feature in having furnished Nantucket with one of the most exciting chapters in its own local history. This incident, occurring in 1822, was that of the rescue of two fugitive slaves, living on the street, who were nearly dragged from their home by a sheriff sent from Virginia to track them down and bring them back to slavery.

The incident nearly caused a riot, with the colored folk living in the neighborhood, frantic with anger and fear, ready for drastic action. The terror-stricken fugitives were Arthur Cooper and his wife Mary, originally slaves on a Virginian plantation, brought to the island by a unit in the "Underground Railroad" of the times—a Nan­ tucket sloop. They arrived in 1820 and were married soon after. Both «St31)8>-

were kindly received by the colored folk of the island. Their escape and marriage, romantic and so happily climaxed, came so close to disaster that Cooper, grateful for the unprecedented rescue of him­ self and his family from the hands of the Virginian sheriff, afterwards became a minister among his people, preaching for many years at a little church on West York street known as the Zion Church. ** ** ** ** ** At the time of the Cooper rescue, the settlement of colored folk lived in a part of the town called New Guinea or Guiney, south and east of the three windmills which stood on Mill Hills; a section which in­ cluded Pleasant street extension, what is now Atlantic Avenue, West York, South Mill, Essex Street, and Gardner's Lane. Here lived many descendants of the negroes freed from slavery even prior to the Rev­ olution, the Bostons, Painters, Pompeys, etc. Essex Street (the correct name for the present Angora Street) ran west and south from Pleasant along what is now called North Mill to Copper Street (now Prospect Street) and thence to the rope walks just west of Chicken Hill, on Joy Street. Angola Street ran west, from South Mill to North Mill streets. Gardner's Lane was a passageway through what is now the Col. Stewart estate and was closed up a century ago. **

**

**

**

It was sometime in the year 1820 when Arthur Cooper and Mary, who was to become his wife, escaped from a plantation or farm owned by a David Ricketts, near Alexandria, Virginia, As the well-known secret organization known as the "Underground Railroad" many times aided the escape of slaves by sloops from Norfolk, it is not improbable that the Nantucket Quakers aided the escape of many in this manner by allowing them to hide aboard their trading sloops.

Upon arrival in Nantucket, Cooper secured employment and, marrying Mary, took up residence in a little house mid-way down Angola Street.

In August, 1822, one Camillus Griffiths came here, via Boston and New Bedford, as agent for the slaveholders in Virginia. He had attempted to secure a "process" for the apprehension of Cooper and his wife from Judge Davis of Boston, which was denied, Judge Davis citing a clause in the 1793 law to uphold his decision. Griffiths then managed to obtain a deputy named Bass from Col. Harris, the State Marshall, and, together with another deputy named Taylor, proceeded to Nantucket.

Griffiths had managed to locate the fugitive slaves through some informant, and he had no sooner landed on the island than the purpose of his visit "leaked out." The colored folk spread the word, so that when Griffiths and his deputies, Bass and Taylor, arrived at Cooper's dwelling an hour before sunrise that next morning, a crowd •«{ 32]3>

of negroes was on hand to greet them. The strangers were all armed, but as the colored folk were desperately angry, a fight appeared to be inevitable.

William Mitchell, father of Maria Mitchell the astronomer, was awakened about this time by a rap on a side door. There stood a colored man named George Washington, who kept the western cow herd. Almost breathless from running and excitement, the man informed Mr. Mitchell of the gathering in front of Cooper's house, and the purpose of the strangers. Mr. Mitchell sent the man to Gilbert Coffin's, and then dis­ patched another messenger to Oliver Gardner. Gilbert Coffin, in turn, sent George, the colored man, to Sylvanus Macy's house. **

**

**

**

**

William Mitchell credits Oliver Gardner with engineering the escape of the Coopers. When the leaders of this Quaker community arrived at the scene it was instantly apparent that blood would be shed if Griffiths tried to break into the dwelling. Sylvanus Macy and Thomas Mackrel Macy, brothers, and Gilbert Coffin began mildly ex­ postulating with Griffiths. Sylvanus asked to see the warrant of authority for the seizure of the Coopers and, when it was produced, Macy declared it might be a forgery. This vein was continued upon the arrival of Alfred Folger, a magistrate, who immediately requested to see the written authority possessed by Griffiths—the idea being to delay proceedings until some plan of action was determined. At this point, Deputy Taylor, who had been detailed to guard the rear exit of the house, returned to Griffiths at the front, having become alarmed by the threats of the crowd. His appearance gave the Quakers an idea for a plan of rescue.

Esquire Folger informed Griffiths that the State of Massachusetts did not recognized colored folk as slaves and if he continued in his effort to arrest the fugitives he would exercise his power as a magis­ trate and arrest the sheriff and his deputies. Griffiths countered by asking if the State law was not subordinate to the Federal laws, and upon receiving a negative answer, asked Magistrate Folger to disperse the mob. There was a whispered conference between Folger and Gilbert Coffin, following which Folger stepped down and into the crowd while Sylvanus Macy resumed the argument.

The conference continued, with the Macys quietly expostulating and the visiting authorities adamant. In the meantime, Thomas Mackrel Macy entered the house, put his Quaker coat and hat on Arthur Cooper and then hustled Mrs. Cooper and an infant daughter out the rear door, where Alfred Folger and others were waiting.

It lacked a half hour before sunrise, and under cover of the dusk the terror-stricken little family was spirited away, over fences and •$33^

through the fields to (possibly) Copper Street, thence to Saratoga and Upper Main to the home of Alfred Folger. Here they were hidden in the large attic of the big house. They moved to other houses of the town during the next week, remaining safely hidden until the slavehunters had left the island for good.

Thus, according to the testimony of those participating, was the story of the escape of Arthur Cooper and his family from a return to slavery. Oliver Gardner is credited by William Mitchell with en­ gineering the plan—"a transaction of great daring and adroitness," to use the words of Mr. Mitchell. Mr. Gardner was the father of Anna Gardner, one of the leading spirits in the abolitionist movement in Nantucket, the secretary of the "Anti-Slavery Society," and a con­ temporary with Wendell Phillips, William Lloyd Garrison and others of the famous leaders of that crusading period who came to Nan­ tucket and enlisted the financial aid of the wealthy shipowners. ** ** ** ** ** The Society of Friends on Nantucket was against the practice of slavery, and as early as 1716 a monthly meeting put itself on record that it was "not agreeable to Truth for friends to purchase slaves & Keep them Term of life." It was in 1729 that Elihu Coleman, an Elder in the Society, presented to a monthly meeting the manuscript "A Testimony Against That Anti-Christian Practice of Making Slaves of Men," published in 1733—one of the very earliest documents f its kind in the history of the country.

I t is to William Rotch that credit for first giving actual freedom to a slave on Nantucket should be recorded. In 1769 he placed on board the whaleship Friendship, of this port, a slave belonging to the heirs of William Sw: in. At the conclusion of the voyage in 1770, Rotch paid this slave, whose name was Prince Boston, his share of the proceeds from the voyage. The owners of Boston objected, claiming his wages.

The matter was brought before a jury in the Court of Common Pleas.

Boston was manumitted by the magistrates following a jury verdict in favor of Mr. Rotch (who took it upon himself to defend the negro), and thus was the first act of emancipation in this Commonwealth in consequence of a jury verdict. After this incident practically all the colored folk here were free, and men allowed their whaleship "lays."

The famous anti-slavery meeting at the "Big Shop" in 1841, at which time Frederick Douglass, a fugitive slave, made his first speech and launched his career as an orator, has been recounted in previous "Proceedings" of this Association. It was a result of exceptions taken by prominent Nantucketers to remarks made by Stephen S. Foster at an anti-slavery meeting here, that Foster wrote his curious and venomous pamphlet against the clergy called "A Brotherhood of Thieves."

-<E 34 >

W 1-3 jo B* U *1 cc cr <n- £

3 ^ - p t-H »

I§.

P QTQ 02 •-«• p

g

rB ^ cd SJ R o 3 3 (_1< 3 02

CD £

> Hs

4_ o* P

£ c+-

O VJ CD P •-i

5? oo O

a

® s —< Ch ® w 2 CO 3

W CD

2 R

o

g a

o^ ^ cd P p B 95 <*

»4 g

« 0* CD S q C/2 JS <*- 3 ^ 5' g crq B ^ R CD

s. a 02 O

|. 6 St ^ M & P O-

To return to Arthur Cooper. Convinced that God had aided his rescue from the sheriff's posse, he, as has been stated, became a min­ ister among his people. He helped to organize and preached for many years at the Zion Church, on West York Street, where the Coombs house now stands. While not so eloquent a preacher as the Rev. Mr. Crawford, who conducted the Colored Baptist Church, (on the cor­ ner of York and Pleasant streets) some years later, he was a devout Christian and lived an honorable life. Mr. and Mrs. Cooper had five children, Eliza, Randolph, Cyrus, Robert and Arthur, Jr. At the time of his death, a correspondent wrote: "In writing about him, his serene countenance is brought vividly to my mind, as he passed along on Sundays to church, with his brown beaver and white cravat, resembl­ ing much a Quaker costume."

Cooper married twice, and his second wife, Lucy Cooper, who died in 1866, had an even more remarkable career. She claimed to be 110 years old, and is so recorded. As a young child, she was stolen from her home on the African coast and brought to this country, being pur­ chased by the owner of a South Carolinian plantation. She often told visitors of her life as a field hand, clearing swamps, hauling brush, and digging ditches for rice fields.

A year after her arrival in this country, the Revolution broke out.

Her obituary records that, with her wonderful memory, she could recall many stirring events of the war in the south. In 1811, she was sold to a man in Newport, R. I., being then in her 54th year. Here, she first heard the gospel preached by a Rev. Mr. Webb, and became a Christian.

She married a Mr. Goadley, who died several years later. Some time after the death of Cooper's first wife, Mary, she came to Nantucket, where Arthur Cooper met and married her. She outlived him thirteen years, and was buried from the Cooper home on Angola Street—a lane named for a part of Africa close to het birthplace, where she had been made a captive and a slave one hundred and ten years before. ** ** ** ** ** It is rather a pity that, after such associations, "Angola Street" should lose its identity and even its original whereabouts. Such is a rare but not an isolated case in island history, however, as Black Horse Lane, Barton's, Brennan's and Brewer's lanes have long since disappeared, while Duke Street has become Dukes Road, Copper Street has become Prospect Street, Grave Street is now called Saratoga, Moose Lane has been changed to Moore's Lane, Maiden Lane is now called Lower York Street, North Street has become Cliff Road, and Prison Lane is now Vestal Street. Added to these changes, Rose Lane and Independence Lane have lost their western ends, South Street has no sign, Tillet Street has vanished and Wharf Lane has been forgotten.

LIST OF MEMBERS LIFE COUNCILLORS. Folger, Miss Annie Alden, 16 Gardner St., Nantucket.

Lang, Florence Osgood (Rand), Nantucket.

Sanderson, Edward F., Quidnet, Nantucket, Mass.

LIFE MEMBERS. Adams, Harry B., 4 Ashmore Road, Worcester.

Adams, Karl, 36 Beacon St., Boston.

Adams, Mrs. Nancy S. (Grant), Fair St., Nantucket.

Appleton, William Sumner, 141 Cambridge St., Boston.

Barnard, Prof. Charles, 139 East 39th St., New York City.

Barrett, Mrs. Mabel Allen (Downing), 1170 Fifth Ave., N. Y. C. Barrett, Mrs. Mary E. (Wilson), 411 Montross Ave., Rutherford, N.J. Barrett, William Wilson, 411 Montross Ave., Rutherford, N. J. Beebe, Miss Alice Geissler, 181 Appleton St., Arlington Heights, Mass.

Blackburn, Miss Elizabeth M., Orange St., Nantucket.

Boynton, Frederick P., 204 Sheridan Road North, Highland Park, I1L Brewer, Mrs. Mary Augusta, 728 Fairfield Rd., Burlingame, Cal. Bruen, Edward F. L., Box 366, Nantucket.

Capp, Seth Bunker, Box 2054, Philadelphia, Penn.

Carlisle, G. Lister, Jr., 18 Orange St., Nantucket.

Cassidy, Rt. Rev. James E., Fall River, Mass.

Cathcart, Wallace Hugh, President Western Reserve Historical Society, Cleveland, Ohio.

Clapp, Mrs. George A, 48 Cliff Road, Nantucket.

Coffin, Maurice P., 47 Union Park Ave., Jamaica, N. Y. Colket, G. Crawford, Villa Nova, Pa. Colket, Miss Susan, Villa Nova, Pa. Colket, Mrs. Tristram Coffin, 2d, Villa Nova, Pa. Colket, Tristram Coffin, 2nd., Villa Nova, Pa. Colket, Tristram Coffin, 3rd, Villa Nova, Pa. Craig, Mrs. Margaret Minshall, 140 Montrose Ave., South Orange, N. J. Crane, Mrs. Herbert R., 5 Chester St., Nantucket.

Davis, Charles Henry, 18 Old Slip, New York City.

Davis, Mrs. Margaret (Underwood), 100 Common St., Belmont, Mass.

Dickinson, Walter F., Wheatley Cross Roads, Wheatley, Long Island.

Durfee, Mrs. Mary Galusha (Hatch), Palmyra, N. Y. "S{36fr

Erickson, Arioch Wentworth, Jr., Greystone House, Swampscott, Mass.

Erickson, Mrs. Cecile Macy, Greystone House, Swampscott, Mass.

Erickson, Douglas, Greystone House, Swampscott, Mass.

Erickson, Josiah Macy, Greystone House, Swampscott, Mass.

Everett, Henry Coffin, 201 Devonshire St., Boston, Mass.

Fitzgerald, Miss Elizabeth Coffin, 49 Federal St., Boston, Mass.

Folger, Miss Annie Alden, Nantucket, Mass.

Forbes, Miss Mary Bowditeh, Milton, Mass.

Ford, Mrs. Horatio, Mayfield, Richmond Rds., South Euclid, Ohio.

Ford, James B., 1790 Broadway, New York.

Francis, Mrs. Edgar S., Durham, Conn.

Freeborn, Miss Lydia S., 22 Liberty St., Nantucket.

Freeman, Mrs. Pauline Smith, Main St., Nantucket.

Frothingham, Miss Ellen Folger, 9 Exeter St., Boston.

Fuller, Frederick Vincent, Milk St., Nantucket.

Gray, Mrs. David, 2406 Penobscot Bldg., Detroit, Mich.

Gray, David, Jr., 2406 Penobscot Bldg., Detroit, Mich.

Greene, Howard, 559 Marshall St., Milwaukee, Wis. Gries, Mrs. Ethel Goff (Folger), 2803—18th St., N. W., Wash., D. C. Griek, Mrs. Albert, 26 North Liberty St., Nantucket.

Gwynn, Mrs. Mary, 228 South 22nd. St., Philadelphia, Penn.

Hackenberg, Frederick, 143 North Front St., Milton, Pa. Hamilton, Mrs. Dora Macy, 3319 N. Adams St., Tacoma, Wash.

Hinchman, Miss Anne, 3635 Chestnut St., Philadelphia, Pa. Hinchman, Miss Margaretta, 3635 Chestnut St., Philadelphia, Penna.

Humphrey, Mrs. Nancy Delia (Robb), Nantucket.

Hutaff, Mrs. Grace (Elkins), Nantucket.

Jannotta, Mrs. Stella S., 6314 Lakeview Ave., Chicago, 111.

Jenkins, Lawrence W., Peabody Museum, Salem, Mass.

Johnson, Mrs. Minnie Agnes (Jonah), Bath, Maine.

Johnson, Mrs. Pauline (Mackay), Main St., Nantucket.

Jones, Bassett, 101 Park Ave., New York City; Polpis, Nantucket.

Kenney, Miss Lillian, Nantucket.

Kimball, Charles P., Madaket Road, Nantucket.

Kimball, Mrs. Martha, 13 Argyle St., Rochester, N. Y. King, Samuel G., 367-369 Atlantic Ave., Boston.

Lang, Mrs. Florence O. R., 36 Hawthorne Place, Montclair, N. J. Larkin, Mrs. Ruth William, care of Larkin Co., Buffalo, N. Y. MacDonald, Miss Elizabeth H., Hotel Margaret, Columbia Heights.

Brooklyn, N. Y. Mackie, Mrs. David Ives, 128 East 39th St., N. Y. Macy, Mary H., 365 W. E. Ave., New York city, N. Y. 4 37 Jfr

Macy, Nelson, 441 Pearl St., N. Y. Manter, Capt. Harry, 386 Park Ave., Cliffside, N. J. McCleary, Miss Helen C., 46 Longwood Ave., Brookline, Mass.

McGill, Mrs. Frances M., 36 Rue Desaix, Paris, France.

Miller, Mrs. Gertrude Hussey, 50 Marshall St., Brookline, Mass.

Morse, Mrs. Elizabeth W., Liberty Street, Nantucket.

Nye, Pemberton, H., 709 County Street, New Bedford Mass.

O'Gorman, Mrs. Ella Foy, 1706 Menlo Ave., Los Angeles, Cal. Oliver, Norris S., 26 Washington St., East Orange, N. J. Otis, Charles, 67 Pearl St., New York city.

Paine, Mrs. Mary Elizabeth (Folger), 315 Thayer St., Providence, Rhode Island.

Praeger, Mrs. Caroline S. G., Nantucket.

Praeger, Col. Louis J., Nantucket.

Robinson, Miss Emily B., 4 Martins Lane, Nantucket.

Runk, B. F. D., 24 North St., Greenwich, Ct. Sand, Henry A. L., 27 Hulbert Ave., Nantucket.

Sharp, B. Karl, 49 West Castle Place, New Rochelle, N. Y. Sharp, Mrs. Elizabeth Elting, 729 Washington St., Brookline, Mass.

Sharp, Mrs. Virginia May (Guild), Gorhams Court, Nantucket.

Starbuck, George Franklin, Waltham, Mass.

Starbuck, John Austin, University Club, Los Angeles, Cal. Starbuck, Walter F., Waltham, Mass.

Stig, Carl, Liberty St., Nantucket.

Swain, David Whiton, 31 Nassau St., New York City.

Swain, Mrs. Emma Swain (Barney), 191 Soundview Ave., White Plains, N. Y. Swain, Robert Edward, 321 Elmora Ave., Elizabeth, N. J. Tucker, Albert M., Academy Lane, Nantucket.

Walling, Lieut. John, U. S. S. S-37, Cavite, P. I. Webster, Mrs. Eugenie, Stone Alley, Nantucket, Mass.

Wilson, Miss Anne, Nantucket.

Worth, Frank, Nantucket.

Wyman, Theodore C., 19 Brant Point Road, Nantucket, Mass.

<i 38 ]•>

SUSTAINING MEMBERS Ackerman, Mrs. Frederick L., Windy Hill, Nantucket.

Armstrong, M. M., 1 Wall St., New York City.

Bigelow, Mrs. Rachel M., Annis Acres, Louisville, Kentucky.

Brooks, Mrs. Anne Roberts, 24 North St., Greenwich, Ct. Brown, Miss Helen Dawes, 9 Howard Street, Nantucket.

Caverly, Albert H., 132 Bowden St., Boston, Mass.

Collier, Mrs. Robert, 823 Park Ave., New York City.

Donald, Miss Ann, Nantucket, Mass.

Emerson, Richards H., Mill Hill, Nantucket.

Griffin, Rev. Joseph M., 6 Orange Street, Nantucket.

Gundry, Jean Satler, India St., Nantucket.

Haile, Pennington, Sutton Place South, New York City.

Harris, Mrs. Edward, 1171 Clover Rd., Rochester, New York.

Harris, Mrs. Julian, 4 Hadrie Lane, Grosse Point Farms, Detroit, Mich.

Hussey, Rev. Alfred Rodman, 1 North Green St., Plymouth, Mass.

Jarvis, Mrs. Mary, Martins Lane, Nantucket.

Johnson, Mrs. Pauline M., Colorado Springs, Col. Kendall, William Mitchell, 101 Park Ave., New York City.

Lehmaier, Mrs. Isabelle M., 140 W. 57th Street, New York City.

McKeag, Mrs. Henry S., 123 No. Mountain Ave. Montclair, N. J. Russell, B. F. W., 20 Newbury St., Boston, Mass.

Russell, Mrs. B. F. W., 20 Newbury St., Boston, Mass.

Shurrocks, Alfred F., 16 Vestal St., Nantucket.

Shurrocks, Mrs. Alfred F., 16 Vestal Street, Nantucket.

Storrow, Mrs. James J., 417 Beacon St., Boston, Mass, Sullivan, Mrs. Amelia L., 180 Washington Ave., Albany, N. Y. Waggaman, Robert M., 1700 Eye St., N. W., Washington, D. C. Walls, Dr. Frank, Main St., Nantucket.

Walls, Mrs. Frank, Main St., Nantucket.

Willets, Mrs. J. Macy, New Marlboro, Mass.

Willets, J. Macy, New Marlboro, Mass.

Winsor, Mary, Haverford, Penn.

39 >

ANNUAL MEMBERS Ackerman, E. D., 90-23 149th St., Jamaica, Long Island, N. Y. Ackerman, Mrs. E. D., 90-23 149th St., Jamaica, Long Island, N. Y Adams, Walton H., 17 Fair St., Nantucket.

Ahern, Henry E., 151 Valley View Road, Ridgewood, N. J, Alfred, Alin E., 337 So. Ridgewood Rd., So. Orange, N. J. Allen, Florence M., 85 Vine St., Woonsocket, R. I. Allen, Miss Marion Hallett, Orange St., Nantucket.

Allen, Miss Olive Marchant, Orange St., Nantucket.

Anderson, Prof. Louis F., 364 Boyer Ave., Walla Walla, Washington.

Anderson, Mrs. Florence Mary (Bennett), 364 Boyer Ave., Walla Walla, Washington.

Appleton, Mrs. Helen E., (Folger), Milk St., Nantucket.

Appleton, Mrs. Leila H. (Macy), 14 Fairfield St., Brockton, Mass.

Atkins, Mrs. Katharine Wi, P. 0., Box 1250, Boston.

Atkins, Mrs. Robert W., Union St., Nantucket.

Atwood, Mrs. Harry, 100 High St., Leonia, N. Y. Austin, C. Warren, Orange Street, Nantucket.

Austin, Mrs. C. Warren, Orange Street Nantucket.

Babcock, Miss Edwina Stanton, 298 Piermont Ave., So. Nyack, N. Y. Babcock, Miss Betsie, Trinity Road, R. F. D., Eureka, Cal. Babcock, Miss Sallie, Trinity Road, R. F. D., Eureka, Cal. Babcock, Mrs. Thomas Folger, Trinity Road, R. F. D., Eureka, Cal. Bacheller, Miss Augusta F., 51 Franklin St., Lynn, Mass.

Bache, Miss Edith M., 4400 Sansom St., Philadelphia, Pa. Backus, Mrs. Alma, Main St., Nantucket.

Baker, Miss Maude, 67 Stimson Ave., Providence, R. I. Baldwin, Mrs. Annie Osgood, 9 Quince St., Nantucket.

Baldwin, Frank C., "The Crossways," Lincoln Ave., Nantucket.

Barkentine, Slater, 4 W. 40th St., New York City.

Barney, Charles Neal, 2 Park Ave., New York City.

Barney, William H., Hopedale, Mass.

Barney, Mrs. William H., Hopedale, Mass.

Barney, William H. Jr., Hopedale, Mass.

Barnum, Gen. Malvern-Hill, 194 St. Paul's St., Brookline, Mass.

Barrett, Miss Anna E. C., Siasconset.

Bates, Maurice E., 3216 Morrell Ave., Kansas City, Mo. Benchley, Mrs. Robert, 2 Lynnwood Rd., Scarsdale, N. Y. Benchley, Robert Jr., 2 Lynnwood Road, Scarsdale, N. Y. Benham, Mrs. Lizzie E., 23 Pearl St., Nantucket.

Bennett, Mrs. Flora M., 14 N. Clinton St., Walla Walla, Wash.

Bennett, Martha C., 423 W. 120 St., New York City.

Benson, John W., 420 W. 116th St., New York City.

Benton, Mrs. Amy Alice, Chestnut St., Nantucket.

•«{ 40 ]§<•

Bergh, Lewis 0., Briar Hill Road, Montclair, N. J. Bergh, Mrs. Ethel C., Briar Hill Road, Montclair, N. J. Bettridge, Miss Agnes E., 47 Newbury St., Boston.

Bigelow, Edward Alden, 8 Francis Circuit, Winchester, Mass.

Blackmur, Paul, Cohasset, Mass.

Blackshaw, Miss Merle E. (Turner), 8 Orange St., Nantucket.

Blair, Mrs. Robert S., 60 E. 42nd St., New York City.

Blair, Mrs. Walter J., Hawthorn Lane, Nantucket.

Blake, Mildred Mighell, 149 E. 40th St., New York City.

Blanchard, Mrs. Kenneth, 59 West 12th St., New York City.

Blossom, Rev. W. G., 2431 Lower Azuso Rd., El Monte, Calif.

Borneman, Mrs. E. L., 66 Gates Ave., Montclair, N. J. Boyd, Miss Edith L., 823 Park Ave., New York City.

Bracher, Mrs. Catherine Morison Coffin, Dongan Hills, N. Y. Bradlee, H. Gardner, 6 Ledgewood Road, Winchester, Mass.

Bradlee, Mrs. Reginald, 6 Ledgewood Rd., Winchester, Mass.

Bradt, Mrs. Schuyler, 39 1-2 Washington Square South, New York City Breckinridge, Mrs. Desha, Pleasant St., Nantucket, Mass.

Brock, William C., 13 Gardner St., Nantucket.

Brock, Mrs. Annie Cartwright, 36 Liberty St., Nantucket.

Brock, Elizabeth, 13 Gardner St., Nantucket.

Brock, Mrs. Bessie Eastman (Cook), 13 Gardner St., Nantucket.

Brock, Albert G. 2nd, 13 Gardner St., Nantucket.

Brooks, Edward, 32 Allerton St., Brookline, Mass.

Brooks, Miss Mildred Howland, 403 Common St., Belmont, Mass.

Brown, Mrs. Clyde, Norwalk, Conn.

Brown, James Wright, 24 Cliff Road, Nantucket.

Brown, Rose, 74 Arsenal St., Watertown, Mass.

Bruce, H. Addington, 2 Riedesel Ave., Cambridge, Mass.

Bryant, Miss Catherine Alma, 63 Beckwith St., Cranston, R. I. Bunker, Austin T., 5 Worthen Road, Winchester, Mass.

Bunker, Clarence Alfred, 46 Chestnut St., Wellesley Hills, Mass.

Bunker, Mary Hawthorne (Mrs. C. A.), 46 Chestnut St., Wellesley Hills, Mass.

Bunker, Theodore, 188 Ellison St., Paterson, N. J. Bunker, William, P. O. Box 115, Ridgefield, Conn.

Bunting, Mrs. W. S., 315 South Fourth St., Wilmington, N. C. Bunting, W. S., 315 South Fourth St., Wilmington, N. Carolina.

Burgess, Miss Mildred G., 107 Main St., Nantucket.

Bushnell, Miss Eleanor Gray, 9 Franklin Place, Morristown, N. J. Butler, Mrs. Mabel Ricker, 22 Cumberland Circle, East Lynn, Mass.

Cameron, Miss Alice S., 34 Wellington Courts, Brooklyn, N. Y. Campbell, Mrs. Olive (Dame), Brasstown, N. C. Carlisle, Elsie, 75 Main St., Nantucket.

Carri, Herman, 221 Langdon Ave., Mt. Vernon, N. Y.

•*[ 41 }•>

Carroll, Mrs. Cecilia B., 31 Garfield Place, Poughkeepsie, New York.

Cartwright, Archibald, Howard St., Nantucket.

Cartwright, Mrs. Esther B., Howard St., Nantucket.

Cash, Miss Helen, 49 Centre St., Nantucket.

Cathcart, Miss Ida, Box 584, Nantucket.

Chadwick, Dr. James F., 463 Pine St., Fall River, Mass.

Chadwick, Mrs. James F., 463 Pine St., Fall River, Mass.

Chamberlain, Henry Harmon, 22 May St., Worcester, Mass.

Chambliss, Mrs. L. A. (Anna Scott), 97 Main St., Nantucket.

Chandler, Eleanor, 109 Adee St., Port Chester, N. Y. Chapel, Mrs. J. Everett, Union St., Nantucket.

Chase, Charles N., 968 Washington St., Stoughton, Mass.

Chase, Miss Charlotte B., 67 Hillman St., New Bedford, Mass.

Chase, Warren Benson, Pine St., Nantucket, Mass.

Chase, Mrs. Annie Barker (Coffin), Pine St., Nantucket.

Christian, Mrs. George P., Liberty St., Nantucket.

Coffin, Miss Adelaide B., 15 Fairview Heights, Rochester, N. Y. Coffin, Caleb, 226 East 70th St., New York City.

Coffin, Dean, 19 W. 44th St., New York City, N. Y. Coffin, Frank M., 110 Hillside Ave., Mount Vernon, N. Y. Coffin, Mrs. Delia B., 75 Willett St., Albany, N. Y. Coffin, Isa L. E., 4421 Morgan Ave. N., Minneapolis, Minn.

Coffin, Isabel P., 30 Fifth Ave., New York City.

Coffin, Ruth, 89 Chestnut St., E. Orange, N. J. Coffin, Seward V., 75 Willett St., Albany, N. Y. Cole, Mrs. Helen W., 45 Centre St., Nantucket.

Coleman, Henry B., Hussey St., Nantucket.

Coleman, Dr. W. S., Room 307, Trelawny Bldg., Portland, Me. Collis, Mrs. Lucy A., Silver St., Nantucket.

Colt, Jeanne N. (Mrs. James D.), 27 Suffolk Rd., Chestnut Mill, Mass.

Conable, Mrs. Florence (Easton), P. O. Box 154, Monrovia, Calif.

Conable, Mrs. Leska Littlefield, 356 N. Primrose Ave., Monrovia, Cal. Conable, Maj. Morris E., Room 231, U. S. Court House, Portland, Oreg.

Congdon, Dr. Charles E., Orange St., Nantucket.

Congdon, Mrs. Anne (Ramsdell), Orange St., Nantucket.

Congdon, Mrs. Bessie (Gates), 31 Liberty St., Nantucket.

Congdon, Frank E., 31 Liberty St., Nantucket.

Congdon, Miss Josephine, 1 School St., Nantucket.

Congdon, Mrs. Robert, Orange St., Nantucket.

Congdon, Robert, Orange St., Nantucket.

Collie, William Miller, Auburn, N. Y. Conklin, Julia F., 142 So. First Ave., Canton, Illinois.

Conway, Mrs. Gifford, 1000 Park Ave., New York, N. Y. Cook, Miss Emma, Box 424, Nantucket.

Cook, George, 89 Orange St., Nantucket, Mass.

Cook, Mrs. R. H., 75 Washington Ave., Northampton, Mass.

•>S{ 42 j§"

Coolidge, Mrs. Ruth D., 7 Hastings Lane, West Medford, Mass.

Crafts, Mrs. Kenneth P. (Gertrude Folger) 124 Ridge Ave., Newton Centre, Mass.

Craig, Mrs. Wm. H., Baltimore, Md. Craig, Louise, Baltimore, Md. Craig, Clarissa, Baltimore, Md. Craven, Miss Jessie, Nantucket.

Crosby, Everett U., Orange Street, Nantucket.

Crosby, Mrs. Everett U., Orange St., Nantucket.

Cummings, Lawrence B., 130 E. 75th St., New York City.

Cummings, Mrs. Lawrence B., 130 E. 75th St., New York City.

Cutler, Earl N., 31 Headley Road, Morristown, N. J. Dana, Miss Bessie A., 80 Church St., Englewood, N. J. Davis, Herbert E., Monomoy, Nantucket.

Davis, Mrs. Edith M., Monomoy, Nantucket.

Deane, Kenneth W., 69 Newbury St., Brockton, Mass.

Defriez, Mrs. Sarah E., 237 Washington St., Brookline, Mass.

Denton, Eugene Willis, New Hyde Park, Long Island, N. Y. Denton, Mrs. Lydia M. Garretson, New Hyde Park, Long Island, N. Y. Diefendorf, Robert D., Summit, N. J. Diefendorf, Mrs. Robert D., Summit, N. J. Dillingham, Mrs. Louise G., Milburn, N. J. Ditmars, Mrs. Mary C. (Worth) Main St., Nantucket.

Dodd, Mrs. Mary (Dillingham), 16 Cedar Road, Belmont, Mass.

Donoghue, James W., Concourse and 161st St., New York City.

Donovan, Mrs. James J., 28 Cliff Road, Nantucket.

Dowey, M. Lyall, 232 Palisade Ave., Union City, N. J. Doyle, William B., 531 Ocean Ave., New London, Conn.

Drake, Constance, 2 Penstone Rd., Bryn Mawr, Pa. Drake, Thomas E., 2 Penstone Rd., Bryn Mawr, Pa. Duane, Miss F., 558 West Chester Ave., Port Chester, N. Y. Dudley, Helen M., Morrow, Warren Co., Ohio.

Dunham, Mrs. Harrison G., 180 Hillon Ave., Hempstead, L. I., N. Y. Dunham, Harrison G., 180 Hillon Ave., Hempstead, L. I., N. Y. Dyer, Mrs. George L., (Eva L.) Milk St., Nantucket.

Edgarton, Lewis G., 84 Briarcliff Road, Rochester, N. Y. Edgarton, Mrs. Mildred G. (Coffin), 84 Briarcliff Rd., Rochester, N. Y. Edgarton, Priscilla, 84 Briarcliff Road, Rochester, N. Y. Edmunds, A. D., 1411 Beacon St., Brookline, Mass.

Eger, Mrs. Catherine (Ray), Saratoga St., Nantucket.

Eger, Oscar B., Saratoga St., Nantucket.

Ellinger, Edgar, 16 East 52nd St., New York City.

Ellinger, Blanche (Mrs. Edgar), 16 East 52nd St., New York City.

Ellis, Albert W., 24 School Street, Boston, Mass.

Ellis, Mrs. A. W., 24 School Street, Boston, Mass.

•^43^-

Emery, Mrs. Jennie S., (Chadwick), Milk St., Nantucket.

Ernst, Joan, Monomoy, Nantucket.

Ernst, Mrs. Margaret S., 46th West 11th St., New York City.

Ernst, Milita, 179 Pine St., Brooklyn, N. Y. Ernst, Morris L., Monomoy, Nantucket.

Ernst, Roger, Monomoy, Nantucket.

Eswald, Miss Margaret, 640 Oak St., Hagerstown, Md. Everett, Bernice J., 76 Hoyle St., Norwood, Mass.

Everett, Carol Miss, 76 Winter Street, Norwood, Mass.

Everett, Miss Lydia Coffin, 57 Parker St., Newton Centre, Mass.

Ewer, Nelson P., 59 Pleasant St., Nantucket.

Farley, Morgan, 104 E. 57th St., New York City.

Farrell, Florence, High St., Nantucket.

Farnum, Miss Mary, 15 No. Water St., Nantucket.

Fay, E. W., Southboro, Mass.

Fay, Elizabeth, Dongan Hills, Staten Island, N. Y. Fee, Albert, Orange St., Nantucket.

Fezandie, Mrs. Hector, Hudson 7iew Gardens, 183rd St., and Pinehurst Ave., New York City.

Fine, Dr. J., Broad St., Nantucket.

Finch, William E., Jr., 85 Indian Field Road, Greenwich, Ct. Findlay, Paul B., 463 West St., New York City.

Fisher, Mrs. D. K. Este, Ruxton, Baltimore Co., Maryland.

Fisher, Miss Lila Capen, 25 Richwood St., Boston, Mass.

Folger, Mrs. George A., Pearl St., Nantucket.

Folger, Mrs. Herbert Warren, 1723 Radcliffe Road, Dayton, Ohio.

Folger, Herbert Warren, 1723 Radcliffe Rd., Dayton, Ohio.

Folger, Lester M., 7538 12th St., N. W., Washington, D. C. Folger, Miss Ruth Angell, 146 First St., Troy, N. Y. Folger, Oliver N., Maywood, N. J. Folger, Walter W., 613 Barron St., Portsmouth, Virginia.

Forbes, Mrs. Rose Ring, 14 Fair St., Nantucket.

Fordyce, Wesley, Darling St., Nantucket.

Fordyce, Mrs. Wesley, Darling St., Nantucket.

Francis, Lewis W., 81 Remsen St., Brooklyn, N. Y. Francis, Mrs. Lewis W., 81 Remsen St., Brooklyn, New York.

Frazier, Robert H., 313 W. Washington St., Greensboro. N, C. Freeman, Harrison B., 50 State St., Hartford, Conn.

Freeman, Miss Ruth, 160 E. 48th St., Brooklyn, N. Y. Frost, Gabriella, 419 W. 34th St., New York City.

Fuller, Mrs. Susan B., Milk St., Nantucket.

Fuller, Walter N., 40 Chester Ave., Waltham, Mass.

Fulper, Mrs. William L., Washington Corners, Pa. Gale, Harvey, 1168 Lowell Road, Schenectady, N. Y. Gale, Mrs. Sadie M., 1168 Lowell Road, Schenectady, N. Y. 44 ]&•

Gallagher, Mrs. Robert J., 128 Chapin St., Binghamton, N. Y. Gale, Robert, 135 West 12th St., New York.

Gardiner, Mrs. Alice C., Needham, Mass.

Gardiner, Raynor M., Needham, Mass.

Gardiner, Marshall, Main St., Nantucket.

Gardiner, Mrs. Marshall, Main St., Nantucket.

Gardner, MissGrace Brown,State Teachers College, Framingham.Mass.

Gardner, Herbert C., Box 47, Siasconset.

Gardner, Miss Julia M., 339 E. 78th St., New York City.

Gardner, Rev. William E., Orange St., Nantucket.

Gardner, Mrs. Mary Tracy, Orange St., Nantucket.

Garland, Mrs. Hattie B., 73 Orange St., Nantucket.

Gates, Miss Florence V., 8 Washington Square, Marblehead, Mass.

Geddes, James, Jr., 39 Fairmount St., Brookline, Mass.

Geils, Miss Frances, 3232 84th St., Jackson Heights, N. Y. C. Gibbs, Stephen S., Madaket Road, Nantucket.

Giffin, Miss Charlotte C. N., 61 Sherman St., Hartford, Conn.

Giffin, Norman P., Nantucket, Mass.

Giffin, Thomas H., 14 Hussey St., Nantucket.

Gill, George M. L., 187 Sherwood Place, Englewood, N. J. Gill, Mrs. Phebe Andrews (Luther), 187 Sherwood Place, Englewood.

Gill, Mrs. Sarah Pike, 187 Sherwood Place, Englewood, N. J. Gill, Phillip Lee, Jr., 187 Sherwood Place, Englewood, N. J. Glassford, Mrs. S. R., 299 Highland Ave., Ridgewood, N. J. Gordon, Elsie Mae, 70 Morningside Drive, N. Y. C. Gordon, Mrs. Harry, Jr., Polpis Road, Nantucket.

Grant, George A., 76 Orange St., Nantucket.

Graves, Mrs. Lloyd O., 2122 Hamlin St., Seattle, Washington.

Greene, David J., 47 Broad St., Milford, Conn.

Greene, Mrs. Anna (Dort), 47 Broad St., Milford, Conn.

Greenman, Rev. Lyman, Harvard, Mass.

Grimshaw, William C., Fort Phoenix, Fairhaven, Mass.

Grosvenor, T. P., Old Westbury, Long Island, N. Y. Grosvenor, Mrs. Anita, Old Westbury, Long Island, N. Y. Grout, Mrs. John C., 194 St. Paul St., Brookline, Mass.

Gurley, Rev. Richard H., St. Martin's Rectory, Radnor, Penn.

Haines, Mrs. Arthur, Alden Park Manor, Germantown, Philadelphia.

Halbach, Mrs. E. K., Short Hills, New Jersey.

Hall, Mrs. Clarence, 19 Senior PI., Bridgeport, Conn.

Hanner, Rev. James Z., Fair St., Nantucket.

Harris, Mrs. Richard B., 1127 East Avenue, Rochester, N. Y. Harwood, Miss Margaret, 23 Craigie St., Cambridge, Mass.

Harwood, P. Leroy, P. O. Drawer 853, New London, Conn.

Hatch, Miss Hannah Gifford, 37 Union St., Nantucket.

Haviland, Howard R., 4410 R. C. A. Bldg., Rockefeller Centre, N. Y. ig( 45 }>

Hayward, Mrs. Emma F., Centre St., Nantucket.

Heard, Mrs. Reginald E., 33 Clinton Place, Hackensack, N . J. Hedge, Mrs. William R., 87 Kilby St., Boston.

Hedge, William R., 87 Kilby St., Boston.

Hegeman, Anne., 1675 Longfellow Ave., Detroit, Mich.

Hegeman, Mrs. John S., 1675 Longfellow Ave., Detroit, Mich.

Heins, Mrs. Mabel T., 404 E. 18th St., Brooklyn, N. Y. Henry, Mrs. Frank F., 800 West Ferry St., Buffalo, N. Y. Henry, Lewis C., 26 Washington St., E. Orange, N. J. Henry, Kenneth, 507 Hancock St., Quincy, Mass.

Hesselgrove, Miss Ruth A., 66 Bradley St., Bridgeport, Conn.

Hicks, Mrs. J. Everett, 124 Bellview Ave., Upper Montclair, N. J. Hill, Murray Gardner, 20 Oak Knoll Gardens, Pasadena, Calif.

Hill, Miss Pauline, State Library, Raleigh, N. C. Hiller, Miss Helen, A. W. A. Club House, 353 W. 57th St., N. Y. C. Hinckley, Mrs. Van Ingen, "Eden Hill," Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Hitchcock, Mrs. Lemuel, Siasconset.

Hindman, Dr. R. B., 15 Nottingham Terrace, Buffalo, N. Y. Hindman, Mrs. R. B., 15 Nottingham Terrace, Buffalo, N. Y. Hobbs, Franklin W., 78 Chauncey St., Boston, Mass.

Hoffmeier, Miss Helen, 140 West Antietan St., Hagerstown, Md. Holden, Mrs. Harry H., Siasconset.

Holland, William, 4 Gay St., Nantucket.

Holmes, Mrs. James A., 41 Orange St., Nantucket.

Hornbrook, Mrs. John, 2501 Iroquois St., Detroit, Mich.

Howard, Frank B., 234 Main St., Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Howard, Miss Lucy V., Hussey St., Nantucket.

Hoyle, Alexander E., 248 Boylston St., Boston.

Hubbard, Thomas F., 3324 Ellerslie Ave., Baltimore, Md. Hubbard, Mrs. Thomas F., 3324 Ellerslie Ave., Baltimore, Md. Hubbard, Thomas M., 1001 Riverside Ave., Baltimore, Md. Humphrey, Ira W., Tiverton, R. I. Hunter, C. C., 90 North 17th St., East Orange, N. J. Hurst, Carl E., 40 Broad St., Boston.

Hussey, Elliot B., 134 Summit Cross, Rutherford, N. J. Hussey, John E. A., 50 Marshal St., Brookline, Mass.

Hussey, Peter M., 17 W. Chester St., Nantucket.

Hussey, Mrs. Elizabeth Chace (Kelley), 17 W. Chester St., Nantucket.

Hutton, Miss Florence Edgar, 18 Union St., Nantucket.

Hyde, Miss E. A., 105 Muchencore Rd., Rye, N. Y. Inman, Annie G., 3328 Euclid Ave., Cleveland, Ohio.

Jacob, Mrs. W. H., 157 E. 72nd St., New York City.

Jackson, Alison K., 88 Bay State Road, Boston, Mass.

Jaillet, Elizabeth, 110 Orange St., Nantucket.

4 46

Jaillet, Urbaine, 110 Orange St., Nantucket.

Jenney, Mrs. Edgar W., Vestal St., Nantucket.

Jernegan, Miss Elsie, Orange St., Nantucket.

Johnson, Mrs. Belle H., Conway, Mass.

Jones, Anna M., 2475 Palisade Ave., Bronx, N. Y. Jones, Bassett, Polpis, Nantucket, Mass.

Jones, Mrs. Bassett, Polpis, Nantucket.

Jones, Frank W., 9 Lakeview Terrace, Winchester, Mass.

Kaufman, Simon, Nantucket.

Kayan, Mrs. Elizabeth, Hollymede, Charlottesville, Va. Keally, Mrs. Mildred Taber, 28 E. 70th St., New York City.

Kellogg, R. S., 31 Bayles Ave., Yonkers, N. Y. Kellogg, Mrs. Janet Reid, 31 Bayles Ave., Yonkers, N. Y. Kellogg, Mrs. Louise Livingstone, Hussey St., Nantucket.

Kendrick, Miss R. H., 154 Maple St., Springfield, Mass.

Kerins, Mrs. Dorothy Coffin, 53 Arthur St., Yonkers, N. Y. Kidde, Miss Elsa A., 66 Gates Ave., Montclair, N. J. Kilton, Miss Harriet A., 180 Power St., Providence, R. I. Kimball, Mrs. Charles P., Madaket Road, Nantucket.

Kimball, Elizabeth, 14 Fair St., Nantucket.

King, Clarence, Silvermine Rd., New Canaan, Conn.

King, Mrs. Clarence, Silvermine Rd., New Canaan, Conn.

La Boiteaux, Mrs. Isaac, Bryn Mawr, Pa. Lachmann, Mrs. Norbert, 299 Lawrence St., New Haven, Ct. Lane, Hazel Gardner, 394 Broadway, Chicopee Falls, Mass.

Lang, Miss Anna, 20 Pearl St., Nantucket.

Langton, Mabel Ford, 454 Waverly Place, Orange, N. J. Lapham, Mrs. Edna Capen, South Ave., New Canaan, Conn.

Lathrop, Churchill P., Norwich, Vt. Lathrop, Mrs. Mabel (Blossom), 10 Prescott Ave., Montclair, N. J. Lathrop, John Clarke, 10 Prescott Ave., Montclair, N. J. Laurence, Julia R., 1 Vestal St., Nantucket.

Lehmaier, Alan L., % Ladd & Webster, 4 East 46th St., New York.

Leighton, Miss Henriette L., Fair St., Nantucket.

Lewis, Dr. Frank Edward, Centre St., Nantucket.

Lewis, Mfs. Mary (Brock), Centre St., Nantucket.

Lewis, Susie, 115 Main St., Nantucket.

Lewis, Vivian M., Vice Chancellor's Chambers, Paterson, N. J. Lewis, Mrs. Vivian M., Vice Chancellor's Chambers. Paterson. N. J. Lewis, Walter C., Brookline, Mass.

Locke, John G., 1969 Alameda Terrace, San Diego, Calif.

Locke, Mrs. Isabella F., 1969 Alameda Terrace, San Diego, Calif.

Loepsinger, Albert J., 50 Abbottsford Court., Providence, R. I. Loines, Miss Elma, 3 Pierrepont Place, Brooklyn, N. Y. Longley, Rev. Harry, 592 Linden Rd., Charlestown, W. Va. 47

Lord, Miss Harriet, 25 East End Ave., New York City.

Lord, Katharine, Liberty St., Nantucket.

Loring, Marcia G., 14 Dover St., Wellesley, Mass.

Lothman, Mabel Voss, 375 So. Gore Ave, Webster Grove, Mo. Low, Mrs. Will H., 22 Sagamore Rd., Bronxville, N. Y. Lowell, Nathaniel E., Nantucket.

Ludwig, Mrs. Elizabeth Temple, "The White Elephant," Nantucket.

Lyman, Mrs. Alice W., 15 Larsen Road, Winchester, Mass.

Mack, Miss Doris M., 1 Plumb Lane, Nantucket.

Mackie, Mrs. Arthur H., 535 Lake St., Newark, N. J. Macomber, B. Frank, Tiverton, R. I. Macy, Clinton Thomas, 28 West Chester St., Nantucket.

Macy, Harriett, 509 W. 122nd St., New York City.

Macy, John Williams, 966 South Private Road, Hubbard Woods, 111.

Macy, Madeleine W., 515 W. 122nd St., New York City.

Macy, Nelson Jr., Greenwich, Conn.

Macy, Mrs. Nelson, Jr., Greenwich, Conn.

MacKay, Mrs. W. E., North Liberty St., Nantucket.

MacKinnon, Miss Anna I., 33 Liberty St., Nantucket.

Manville, C. Rollin Jr., Lawrence Park, Bronxville, N. Y. Marion, Benjamin, 22 Sheffield Road, Roslindale, Mass.

Marshall, Albert E., 139 Brewster Road, Scarsdale, N. Y. Marshall, Mrs. Albert E., 139 Brewster Road, Scarsdale, N. Y. Marshall, Miss Helen, 71 Williams St., Norwich, Conn.

Marshall, Kendric N., Chevy Chase Junior College, Washington, D. C. Marshall, Mrs. Kendric N., Chevy Chase Junior College, Wash., D. C. Marshall, Thomas W., 1147 Connecticut Ave., Washington, D. C. Marshall, Mrs. Thomas W., 1147 Connecticut Ave., Washington, D. C. Marshall, Whitfield, 7023 Blair Road, Washington, D. C. Mason, Mrs. Lydia Swain, 5025 Larchwood Ave., Philadelphia, Pa. Martin, Mrs. Charles H., Indian Harbor, Greenwich, Conn.

Martin, Shelton E., Peasack, N. J. Martyne, Charles W., 82 Pierrepont St., Brooklyn N. Y. Marvel, Mrs. Helen Gardner, 2 Locke Road, West Medford, Mass.

Marvel, William Macy, 2 Locke Road, West Medford, Mass.

Mason, Edith, 8036 Watkins Drive, St. Louis, Mo. Mason, Mrs. Lydia Swain, 5319 Angora Terrace, Philadelphia, Penn.

Mason, Mrs. W. S., 8036 Watkins Drive, St. Louis, Mo. Mather, William L., Nantucket.

Mather, Ida L., Nantucket.

Matthews, Miss E. W., 7 West Underwood St., Chevy Chase, Md. McCarthy, Eleanor G., 43 Fowler Ave., Revere, Mass.

McCormick-Goodhart, L., Langley Park, Silver Springs, Md. McDonald, H. Louise, 11 Grant Ave., Glen Falls, N. Y. McGrath, Thomas, Hummock Pond Rd., Nantucket.

48 )&•

McKean, Captain John, 210 Oakland Beach Ave., Bye, N. Y. McMillan, Mary E., 162 Pleasant St., North Adams, Mass.

McWilliams, William J., 99 Willow Ave., Larchmont, N. Y. Meader, Miss Caroline Stewart, 862 Glenwood Ave., Avondale, Cin­ cinnati, Ohio.

Menges, Dr. Ernest H., Orange St., Nantucket, Mass.

Menges, Mrs. Susan, Orange St., Nantucket.

Merremon, Charles Benbow, Oak Ridge, North Carolina.

Messick, Ottilie M., 63 Forest Ave., Riverside, 111.

Merchant, Miss Abby, 149 Grand St., White Plains, N. Y. Merchant, Miss Helen, 360 E. 50th St., New York City.

Meyer, Mrs. Edith Wells, 460 Scotland Road, So. Orange, N. J. Mifflin, Mrs. E. N., 54 Concord Ave., Cambridge, Mass.

Miller, Miss M. Louise, 66 Centre St., Nantucket.

Milliken, Mrs. Mary Alice, 303 County St., New Bedford, Mass.

Mills, Mrs. Buell P., 11 Portsmouth Terrace, Rochester, N. Y. Miner, Dr. Frederick B., 1000 27th St., Flint, Mich.

Miner, Mrs. Frederick B., 1000 27th St., Flint, Mich.

Mitchell, Florence, 33 Water St., Medford Mass.

Mitchell, Josephine L., 33 Water St., Medford, Mass.

Mitchell, Leeds, 1515 Board of Trade Building, Chicago, 111.

Mitchell, Leeds Jr., 1515 Board of Trade Building, Chicago, 111.

Mitchell, Richard, 808 Cypress St., Greensboro, N. C. Mix, Adeline H., 21 Ashley St., Hartford, Conn.

Moller, Mrs. Hans Eskildsen, 7 Pleasant St., Nantucket.

Monaghan, James, Nantucket.

Moore, Charles Everett, 11 Court St., White Plains, N. Y. Moore, Mrs. Frank W., Melrose Road, Auburn, N. Y. Moore, Frederic Gardner, Segreganset, Mass.

Moore, Mrs. Grace Boomer, Segreganset, Mass.

Morrissey, J. Frank, 590 Main St., West Warwick, R. I. Morrissey, Mrs. Frank J., 590 Main St., West Warwick, R. I. Morris, William R., Lily St. Nantucket.

Morse, Horace H., East Northfield, Mass.

Morse, Mrs. Horace H., East Northfield, Mass.

Mount, Dr. Walter B., 21 Plymouth St., Montclair, N. J. Murray, Henry A. Jr., 158 Mt. Vernon St., Boston.

Nash, Francis P., Groton School, Groton, Mass.

Nash, Mrs. Francis P. Jr., Groton School, Groton, Mass.

Newcomb, Mrs. Lizzie, 7 Union St., Nantucket.

Nichols, Marie Jordan (Mrs. Walter J.), Hudson View Gardens, 183rd St. and Pinehurst Ave., New York City.

Nichols, Walter J., Hudson View Gardens, 183rd St. and Pinehurst Ave., New York City.

Nicholson, Mrs. Caroline Harriet (Bartlett), 27 G. St., South Boston.

«S{49]3<-

Norcross, Jessamine A., 76 Orange St., Nantucket.

Norcross, Mrs. Madeleine L., 76 Orange St., Nantucket.

Norris, Mrs. Emma F. (Marsh), 9 Norway St., Boston.

Norris, Mrs. Jean (Cobb), 20 Cliff Road, Nantucket, Mass.

Norris, Mrs. Whiton, Ashburnham, Mass.

Norton, Henry Franklin, 64 West River St., Milford, Conn.

Nye, Mrs. Pemberton H., 709 County St., New Bedford. Mass.

O'Connell, Mary B., 17 Woodside Terrace, Springfield, Mass.

Osborne, William E., 712 Guaranty Bldg., Indianapolis, Ind. Otis, Miss Berenice, 62 Sunapee St., Springfield, Mass.

Jud-^e Thomas, Hyannis, Mass.

Out ult, Mildred, 2 Penstone Road, Bryn Mawr, Pa. Paddock, A. E., Darling St., Nantucket.

Parker, Miss Clara, Stone Alley. Nantucket.

Parker, Mrs. Lydia Bradford, Plympton, Mass.

Pearson, Gardner W., 69 Chelsea St., Lowell, Mass.

Pearson, Whitman, Tewksbury, Mass.

Perry, Mrs. Annie M., Liberty St., Nantucket.

Perry, Mrs. Annie Mabel, 1 Howard St., Nantucket.

Perry, Eugene M., Liberty St., Nantucket.

Phelan, John K., 59 Pleasant St., Nantucket, Mass.

Phelan, Mrs. John K., 59 Pleasant St., Nantucket, Mass.

Philcox, Norma Hussey, 75 Jefferson Ave., Maplewood, N. J. Pitman, Mrs. Charlotte (Wyer), Centre St., Nantucket.

Pollak, W. G., 30 Pine St., New York City.

Pollak, Mrs. Elsie E., 30 Pine St., New York City.

Poore, Charles M., 380 Ames St., Lawrence, Mass.

Porte, Lincoln, Lowell Place, Nantucket.

Post, Regis, 90 Main St., Nantucket.

Post, Mrs. Regis, 90 Main St., Nantucket.

Post, Mrs. William Combe, Boontown, N. J. Potter, Mrs. L. D., 81 Franklin St., Greenfield, Mass.

Prentice, Miss Margaret, The Skipper, Nantucket.

Price, Joseph M., 35 E. 84th St., New York City.

Price, Mrs. Miriam Sutro, 35 E. 84th St., New York City.

Priest, Joseph K., 44 E. Pearl St., Nashua, N. H. Prime, Mrs. Alfred, Paoli, Pa. Proodian, Carekin S., Centre St., Nantucket.

Prosser, Miss Harriet R., 20 Dwight Place, Englewood, N. J. Prouty, Mrs. G. Edward, Foster St., Littleton, Mass.

Putney, Mrs. Edmonds, 125 E. 63rd St., New York City.

Ramsdell, Frank W., West Chester St., Nantucket, Mass.

Ratcliffe, Mrs. Frances, Nantucket.

Rawson, Dorothy, 3737 Clifton Ave., Cincinnati, Ohio.

Rawson, Miss Marion, 3737 Clifton Ave., Cincinnati, Ohio.

->g{ 50 Js®-

Ray, Miss Annie Sheffield, 92 Campbell St., New Bedford, Mass.

Ray, Earl S., Nantucket.

Reed, Montgomery, 3 Concord Avenue, Cambridge, Mass.

Reed, Mrs. Montgomery, 3 oncord Ave., Cambridge, Mass.

Reed, William M. 2nd, "Meadowside," Dedham, Mass.

Rich, E. L., 217 Armington St., Edgewood, N. J. Richardson, William J., 500 East 18th St., Brooklyn, N. Y. Richmond, Mrs. Dorothy Sharp, Nantucket.

Richmond, Helen F., 18 Fitzhenry Square, Revere, Mass.

Ricker, Mrs. E. M., Lewis Ave., Walpole, Mass.

Ricker, William E., Lewis Ave., Walpole, Mass.

Ring, Miss Anne, Nantucket.

Ring, John C., Liberty Street, Nantucket.

Rixford, Mrs. Mary E., 454 So. Main St., Woonsocket, R. I. Robb, Mrs. Ann, Main St., Nantucket.

Robbins, Mrs. Loring G., 185 High St., Pittsfield, Mass.

Robinson, Mrs. Annie D., 816 St. James St., Pittsburgh, Penn.

Robinson, Miss Celeste M., 115 Llewellyn Road, Montclair, N. J. Robinson, John H., Box 301, Nantucket.

Robinson, Captain William Appleby, Cornwall, N. Y. Robinson, Mrs. William Appleby, Cornwall, N. Y. Robinson, Mary Turlay, 171 W. 12th St., New York City.

Rogers, Mrs. A. Stewart, School St., Nantucket.

Rogers, James Cunningham, Chevy Chase, Md. Rose, Miss Grace D., 41 Franklin St., Morristown, N. J. Rule, Mrs. George C., Gay St., Nantucket.

Russell, Mrs. Adelaide T., 215 Chestnut Road, Sewickley, Penn.

Russell, Miss Isabel, 20 Newbury St., Boston.

Russell, John R., 107 Caroline Ave., Alexandria, Va. Russell, Mrs. John R., 107 Caroline Ave., Alexandria, Va. Russell, Mrs. Lucia, Greenfield, Mass.

Saltus, Mrs. Rollin S., Mt. Kisco, N. Y. Sanderson, Rev. Edward F., 70 Fifth Ave., New York City.

Sanderson, David E., Quidnet, Nantucket.

Sandsbury, Miss Edith M., 25 Gaylord St., Dorchester, Mass.

Sangree, Carl, 2 Penstone Rd., Bryn Mawr, Pa. Sangree, Walter H., 2 Penstone Rd., Bryn Mawr, Pa. Santus, Mrs. L. W., Montclair, N. J. Saunders, Mrs. Margery, 7 Morton St., New York City.

Sautter, Mrs. Sue, 55 Prescott Ave., Bronxville, N. Y. Satler, Charles E., Main St., Nantucket.

Satler, Mrs. Charles E., Main St., Nantucket.

Schaub, Mrs. Harry P., 37 Temple Way, Summit, N. J. Schauffler, Jarvis, Quidnet, Nantucket.

Schauffler, Miss Helen E., Quidnet, Nantucket. «[51J*-

Sehauffler, F. S., Quidnet, Nantucket.

Schepp, Florence L., 834 Fifth Ave., New York City.

Schoepf, Mrs. W. Kesley, Hotel Elms, Cincinnati, Ohio.

Scholl, Mrs. Harry P., 37 Templar Way, Summit, N. J. Scott, Clara A., 315 Rickey Ave., Pittsburgh, Penn.

Scott, Mrs. William Clement, "The Crossways", Newburgh, N. Y. Scott, Mrs. W. C. Jr., R. D. 2, Newburgh, New York.

Scudder, Benjamin C., 62 Lakeview St., North Hackensack, N. J. Scudder, Mrs. Jane P., 62 Lakeview St., North Hackensack, N. J. Searle, Olive M., East Huron St., Ann Arbor, Mich.

Sears, Mrs. Henrietta Bird, Hotel Iowa, Keokuk, Iowa.

Seeler, Edgar V., Jr., 43 Lunnaean St., Cambridge, Mass.

Selden, Charles A., Liberty St., Nantucket, Mass.

Selden, Mrs. Grace Savage, Liberty St., Nantucket, Mass.

Severance, Miss Susan, The Barnacle, West Haven, Conn.

Severance, Walter E., 1901 Market St., Harrisburg, Penn.

Sheahan, George M. (M.D.), 12 School St., Quincy, Mass. herman, Miss C. B., 1430 Belmont St., Washington, D. C. Sherman, Wilbur G., 165 Campbell St., New Bedford. Mass.

Simms, Mrs. Thomas, Fells Rd., Essex Falls, N. J. Simpson, Robert C., 161 Monument St., Groton, Conn.

Small, Mrs. Phebe Hanaford (Coffin), Main St., Nantucket.

Smith, Alfred E., Federal St., Nantucket.

Smith, Mrs. Mertie H., Federal St., Nantucket.

Smith, Franklin E., 50 Congress St., Boston.

Smith, Mrs. Annie M. (Nye), 50 Congress St., Boston.

Smith, Miss Emma Riddell, 69 Main St., Nantucket.

Smith, Harry E., Centre St., Nantucket.

Smith, Mrs. Harry E., Centre St., Nantucket.

Smith, Capt. Herbert P., Nantucket, Mass.

Smith, H. S., Longview Road, Port Washington, N. Y. Smith, Mrs. Lucy Coleman, Nantucket.

Snedeker, Mrs. Caroline, Centre St., Nantucket.

Snelling, Mrs. Eugenia (Meneely), Orange St., Nantucket.

Snow, Mrs. Emma S. F., 4296 Ashland Ave., Norwood, Ohio.

Stackpole, Mrs. Alice T., Pleasant St., Nantucket.

Stackpole, Edouard A., Pleasant St., Nantucket.

Staeth, Miss Elizabeth, 126 Huntington Street, Hartford, Ct. Stanley-Brown, Mrs. Rudolph, 2123 Bancroft PL, N. W., Washington, Starbuck Descendants, care of Mrs. E. J. Lindsey, Sec'y-Treasurer, Somerset, Indiana.

Starbuck, Mrs. Annie Whitfield, Box 124, Walloon Lake, Mich.

Starbuck, Dr. C. Leonard, 8 Ogden Ave., White Plains, N. Y. Starbuck, Dr. Joseph Clinton, 42 E. Baltimore Ave., Media, Penn.

Starbuck, Miss Isabel F., 6 Bournedale Road, Jamaica Plain, Boston.

•<{ 52 )»•

Stark, Louise, 'Sconset, Nantucket.

Stevens, Miss Cora, 7 Centre St., Nantucket.

Stevens, Mrs. William Stanford, 8-A Darling St., Nantucket.

Stevens, William 0., Pleasant St., Nantucket.

Stevens, Mrs. William O., Pleasant St., Nantucket.

Still, Mrs. Ella (Hussey), 837 Belmont Ave., Springfield, Mass.

Stitt, William, 328 W. Bedford St., New Bedford, Mass.

Stovell, Miss Maude, "The Woodbox," Nantucket.

Stratton, Mrs. Frank L., Gorhams Court, Nantucket.

Street, Mrs. Gertrude T., 11 Shephard St., Cambridge, Mass.

Street, Mrs. Ellen A., 117 West 11th St., New York City.

Streets, Mary, 205 East Commerce St., Bridgeton, N. J. Strieby, Mrs. Irene Macy, Apt. 44 — 402 No. Meridian Ave., Indian­ apolis, Ind. Strong, Austin, Apt. 7-A 125 E. 63rd St., New York City.

Strong, Mrs. Mary (Wilson), Apt. 7-A, 125 E. 63rd St., New York.

Sturzen, Miss Doris, 7 East 43rd St., New York City.

Sutton, Miss Ruth H., Nantucket, Mass.

Swain, Charles B., 10 Leslie Road, Winchester, Mass.

Swain, Frank King, Doylestown, Pa. Swain, Mrs. William T., Dukes Rd., Nantucket.

Swartwout, Mrs. Mary Cooke, 45 Church St., Montclair, N. J. Swett, Mrs. Alton, 130 Hermosa Ave., Long Beach, Calif.

Swinburne, Mrs. Charlotte (Gardner), 3 Academy Hill, Nantucket.

Sylvester, Edmund Q., Hanover, Mass.

Symonds, Warren L., Isle La Motte, Vt. Taber, Mrs. G. H., 4114 Bigelow Blv'd, Pittsburgh, Penn.

Taylor, Frank C., 190 Kempton St., New Bedford, Mass.

Taylor, Mrs. Frank C., 190 Kempton St., New Bedford, Mass.

Taylor, Mrs. William A., Siasconset, Mass.

Taylor, Mrs. Wm. S., 20 Newbury St., Boston.

Taylor, Huntley, Nantucket.

Taylor, Mrs. William A., 480 Chase Ave., Winter Park, Fla. Teetor, Mrs. Leora C., Hagerstown, Indiana.

Tenney, Winthrop P., 80 Maiden Lane, New York City.

Terwilliger, Charles D., Jr., 22 East 89th St., New York City.

Terwilliger, Mrs. Charles D., Jr., 22 East 89th St., New York City.

Thayer, Luella M., 17 Woodside Terrace, Springfield, Mass.

Thomas, Miss Ellen W., Nantucket.

Thomas, Mrs. Florence Chase, Chester St., Nantucket.

Thompson, Miss Eliza B., 23 Pearl St., Nantucket.

Thorpe, G. E., 17 Barnard Ave., Watertown, Mass.

Thurston, Mrs. Lillian (Wood)., Liberty St., Nantucket.

Tice, Edward P., 65 Orange St., Nantucket.

Tice, Mrs. Edward P., 65 Orange St., Nantucket. <§(53}>

Todd, Mrs. Helen (Mitchell), 411 Forest Ave., Oak Park, 111.

Tolman, Mrs. Helen M., Canton, Mass.

Tompkins, Mrs. Richard W., Grand Ave., Newburgh, N. Y. Touret, Rev. Frank Hale, Tryon, N. C. Touret, Mrs. Frank Hale, Tryon, N.C. Touret, William C., Tryon, N. C. Tripp, William H., 165 Newton St., New Bedford, Mass.

Trescott, Mrs. Howard G., 257 South Central Ave. Wollaston, Mass.

Tripp, Mrs. William H., 165 Newton St., New Bedford, Mass.

Troskoff, Baroness Ann J., 243 Riverside Drive, New York City, N. Y. Burrows, Miss Louisa Libby, 550 College Road, Lake Forest, Illinois.

Turner, Gordon Baker, Chestnut St., Nantucket.

Turner, Mrs. Harriett Chadwick, 72 Georgia St., Roxbury, Mass.

Turner, Harry B., Nantucket.

Turner, Mrs. Grace F. (Gordon), Nantucket.

Turner, Mrs. Paul, 49 Northway, Bronxville, N. Y. Tuttle, Mrs. Isabelle (Hollister), 271 Park St., New Haven, Conn.

Twichell, Lillian A., Framingham, Mass.

Urann, Mrs. Julia Macy (Wagner), 34 Gibbs Ave., Wareham, Mass.

Urann, Karl, 34 Gibbs Ave., Wareham, Mass.

Urann, Marcus Morton, 34 Gibbs Ave., Wareham, Mass.

Urann, Maxine Macy, 34 Gibbs Ave., Wareham, Mass.

Urann, Mina Blaisdell, 34 Gibbs Ave., Wareham, Mass.

Van Pelt, Miss S. Elizabeth, 77 Maple Ave., Morristown, N. J. Varin, Mrs. Chas .T., 9708 9th St., Ozone Park, N. J. Varney, Theodore, 100 Main St., Nantucket.

Varney, Mrs. Elizabeth P., 100 Main St., Nantucket.

Viola, W. N., 740 Joslyn Road, Pontiac, Mich.

Wagner, Max, 4 Liberty Square, Boston.

Wagner, Mrs. Wilhelmina Dexter, 14 Wyman St., West Medford, Mass, Waine, William, 51 Fair St., Nantucket.

Waine, Mrs. Grace E., 51 Fair St., Nantucket.

Walker, Mrs. Grace R., 454 Pomeroy Ave., Pittsfield, Mass.

Walker, William, 454 Pomeroy Ave., Pittsfield, Mass.

Walker, Miss Mary Elizabeth, Milk St., Nantucket.

Wallace, William, Nantucket.

Wallace, Mrs. Jouette (Lee), Nantucket.

Wallach, Jane, 145 E. 61st St., New York City.

Walling, Mrs. Georgie L., Easton St., Nantucket.

Walsh, Mrs. Mary E., 600 E. 57th St., Brooklyn, N. Y. Walsh, Mrs. Wm. T., Box 197, Siasconset, Nantucket.

Walrath, Miss Vera M., 132 Wilder Terrace, Springfield, Mass.

Webster, Franklin Folger, 131 Eaglecroft Road, Westfield, N. J. Webster, Mrs. Franklin Folger, 131 Eaglecroft Road, Westfield, N. J. 54

Weeks, Miss Mabel F., 39 Claremont Ave., New York City.

Wescott, Dr. O. D., Nantucket.

West, Mrs. Ralph, 16 Quince St., Nantucket.

Wetzel, Mrs. Ada C., Pine St., Nantucket.

Whipple, Miss Nellie L., 27 East Housatonic St., Pittsfield, Mass.

Whipple, Miss Phila M., 27 East Housatonic St., Pittsfield, Mass.

Whitelaw, Ralph T., Aecomac, Virginia.

Whitney, Miss Georgianna, 676 Brush Hill Road, Milton, Mass.

Whitney, Miss Rosamond, 676 Brush Hill Rd., Milton, Mass.

Whitney, Henry L., 676 Brush Hill Road, Milton, Mass.

Whitney, Mrs. Henry L., 676 Brush Hill Road, Milton, Mass.

Whittemore, Mrs. Jennie R., 96 Cedar St., Fitchburg, Mass.

Widenmann, Mrs. H. A., 124 Bellview Ave., Upper Montclair, N. J. Wieand, Miss Irma C., Winter Park, Florida.

Wilbur, Miss Fannie B., 364 Hope St., Providence, R. I. Wilbur, Miss Florence H., 364 Hope St., Providence, R. I. Wilby, Eleanor, 367 Terrace Ave., Clifton, Ohio.

Wilcox, Harold, Greenwich, Conn.

Wildman, Marne, Woodbridge, Conn.

Willard, Mrs. Helen Parker, 2425 Wyoming Ave., Washington, D. C. Willauer, Mrs. Whiting, 20 Newbury St., Boston, Mass.

Willey, Leonard T., 6 Washington St., Fairhaven, Mass.

Williams, Miss Harriet C., 70 Orange St., Nantucket.

Williams, Philip Adams Jr., Williams Motor Sales Co., Springfield.

Mass.

Williams, Wm. Lloyd, Kent, Conn.

Winslow, Mrs. Bessie (Chadwick), Nantucket.

Wolff, Mrs. Marion A., Jamaica, L. I. Wood, Arnold, 1 East 51st St., New York City.

Wood, Mrs. Etta C., 11 Gardner St., Nantucket.

Wood, Dr. George C., Hanover, N. H. Wood, James H., Nantucket.

Wood, Miss Margaret, 201 Chestnut St., Wilmington, N. C. Woodbridge, Mrs. J. Lester, 524 Arbutus St., Mt. Airy, Phila., Penn.

Woods, Mrs. Frank A., Nantucket.

Worcester, Mrs. W. W., 1109 No. Calvert Ave. Baltimore, Md. Worth, Mrs. Emma C., 15 Washington St., New Bedford, Mass.

Wright, Harrison, 236 Grand View Bldg., Tuckahoe, N. Y. Wunder, Mrs. Charles S., Pittsburgh, Pa. Wyatt, Grace, Easley, So. Carolina.

Wyer, Arthur C., Delhi, N. Y. Wyer, Louise Selden, Delhi, N. Y. Yaeger, Clem L., P. 0. Box 277, New Bedford, Mass.

Zabriskie, F. C., 344 Prospect Ave., Hackensack, N. J. 55 ^