Whole of Cycle Assessment Design For Disassembly
Narges Flowersun
Design For Disassembly in The Whole of Cycle Assessment (DfD)
• Demolishing • Deconstruction • Repair • Reuse
Whole life cycle Assessment
Disposal and obsolescence
•Design for the ENV •Minimization •Intensity of Use •Dematerialization •Reuse •Recycle •Degrading •Salvage martial •Embodied energy •Technology • Rebound effect
Manufacturing materials
extraction manufacturing design construction
• • • • •
Efficiency Durability Performance Intensity of Use serviceability
Use and operation
operation
Design and construction
renovation • Design for the ENV • Design for the Durability • Design for the Serviceability • Design for Maintainability • Design for the Flexibility • Design for the Easy of Assemble • Design for the performance • Design for the Deconstruction • Modular Design • Prefabrication •
Design for Disassembly
disposal
design of buildings to facilitate future change and the eventual dismantlement (in part or whole) for recovery of systems, components and materials.
This design process includes developing the assemblies, components, materials, construction techniques, and information and management systems to accomplish this goal.
What is DfD ?
The recovery of materials is intended minimize environmental impacts
maximize economic value reuse, repair, remanufacture and
Recycling and safe biodegradation.
DfD enables flexibility, convertibility. Df D includes using reusable materials & materials intended as recycling feedstock and “natural� materials that might be entirely biodegradable
Product inception Design cycle
Pre _ Design cycle
Design for Disassembly
research recycling stream
create measurable goals
organizational education
research martials processes
evaluate measurable results
create DfD concept
examine end –of- life results
implement DfD products or services
Post _ Design cycle
Product Release
Design for disassembly methodology
What is Design for Disassembly?
Human factors
Technology
Hierarchical Modular modelling
DfD Guidelines Active Disassembly
Disassembly Embedded Design
others
Enable maintenance
Reasons for Disassembly
Enhance serviceability End-of-life (EOL) objectives such as product reuse, remanufacture, and recycling
product is reacquired
how does disassembly work?
product taken to special DfD facilities Each component of the product is taken off the components are sorted
then reused .recycle and refurbished
Manufacturing materials Disposal and obsolescence
Use and operation
Design and construction
•Design for the ENV •Minimization •Intensity of Use •Dematerialization •Reuse •Recycle •Degrading •Salvage martial •Embodied energy •Technology • Rebound effect
1.Use bolted, screwed and nailed connections 2.Select materials using the precautionary principle 3. Minimize or eliminate chemical connections 4. Separate mechanical, electrical and plumbing(MEP) systems. 5. Simplicity of structure and form. 6. Interchangeability. 7. Document materials and methods for deconstruction. 8. Design connections that are accessible. 9. Design to the worker and labor of separation.
provide ready access to parts. Fasteners. etc. to support disassembly Disposal and obsolescence
Use and operation
Manufacturing materials
design modular products to enable modules to be disassembled for service or re-use
Design and construction • Design for the ENV • Design for the Durability • Design for the Serviceability • Design for Maintainability • Design for the Flexibility • Design for the Easy of Assemble • Design for the performance • Design for the Deconstruction • Modular Design • Prefabrication • Design for
Disassembly
minimize weight of individual parts and modules
Enhance serviceability Cost- saving whit disassembly
Disposal and obsolescence
Manufacturing materials
better selection of martials more specific identification of component martials
Use and operation • • • • •
Efficiency Durability Performance Intensity of Use serviceability
•
SLD
Design and construction
assembly methods that provide for more efficient and possibly automated disassembly
DfD includes using reusable materials & materials intended as recycling feedstock and “natural� materials that might be entirely biodegradable
most important reason to disassembly
Demolishing Deconstruction Repair Reuse Disposal and obsolescence
component reuse Manufacturing materials
remanufacture
recycle Use and operation
Design and construction
Waste management
construction
Technology Furniture manufacturing
what industries use DfD?
Electronic manufacturing Automobile manufacturing
what industries use DfD? (Construction)
The Six S’s According to Stewart Brand
• Site (geographical setting, urban location, legally defined lot) can easily outlast the life of the building. • Structure (foundation and load-bearing elements) can last 30-300 years although many buildings don’t live that long for other reasons.
The Six S’s According to Stewart Brand
• Skin (the building envelope, consisting of frame, exterior finishes, glazing, etc.) can change for repair or appearances every 25 years or so.
• Services (the utility and HVAC systems and moving parts like elevators)may reach the point of major replacement every 7-15 years and can cause demolition of an entire building if their embedded-ness prevents alteration. • Space Plan (division of space, cabinetry, interior finishes) can range widely from a commercial setting being overhauled every 30 years to a much longer life in a residential setting. • Stuff (furniture, free-standing lamps, appliances, etc.) the things that change daily to monthly. (Brand, 1994)
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