The Movement toward Public Schooling
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Technology @ School You can research the one-room school to make a personal connection to the careers of America’s pioneer teachers. Consult these websites for more on one-room schools: ●●
For one-room schoolhouse historical information, access the Northern Illinois University Blackwell Museum website.
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For information on one-room schools, McGuffey readers, and penmanship, access the Country School Association of America website.
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For an introduction to the Kansas One Room School House Project, access the Kansas Heritage website.
For a state listing of sites, stories, photos, lessons, and a bibliography, access the One-Room Schoolhouse Center website. These sites provide information about teachers, students, architecture, textbooks, and curriculum in one-room schools. You can continue your research at your local or school library to identify articles and books on this subject. Contact local museums and history societies in your area to see if they have materials on one-room schools. You can also locate and interview individuals who attended one-room schools. Share your research with colleagues in the course. ●●
FOCUS Did Horace Mann and Catharine
5-3e McGuffey Readers
Beecher achieve their goals in common schools and teacher education? How did the establishment of common schools relate to the growth and development of teacher education and to the entry of more women as teachers? Consider how public schools shaped your educational experience. Do some research to see if any members of your extended family attended one-room schools.
The growth of public elementary schools, especially “graded” urban schools, and teacher-education programs generated a demand for series of textbooks on skills, especially graded reading and spelling books, and subjects such as mathematics, history, and geography. William Holmes McGuffey (1800–1873), clergyman, professor, and college president, wrote the widely used and highly popular McGuffey readers. McGuffey readers emphasized literacy, hard work, diligence, punctuality, patriotism, and civility. Stressing patriotism and heroism, reading selections included the orations of Patrick Henry, Daniel Webster, and George Washington. More than 120 million copies of McGuffey’s readers were sold between 1836 and 1920.24
James M. Lower, “William Holmes McGuffey: A Book or a Man? Or More?” Vitae Scholasticae (Fall 1984), pp. 311–320; Harvey C. Minnich, William Holmes McGuffey and His Readers (Whitefish, MT: Kessinger Publishing, 2008); for a reprint of a McGuffey reader, see Williams Holmes McGuffey, McGuffey’s Fifth Eclectic Reader (Charleston, SC: Bibliolife, 2008).
24
1837 Founds Ladies’ Society for Promoting Education in the West 1839 Publishes The Moral Instructor for Schools and Families: Containing Lessons on the Duties of Life 1841 Publishes A Treatise on Domestic Economy for the Use of Young Ladies at Home and at School 1847 Co-founder with William Slade of Board of National Popular Education 1852 Founds American Women’s Educational Association 1856 Publishes Physiology and Calisthenics for Schools and Families
1878 Death
1840 1850 1860 1870 1880
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