BUILDING DESIGN the specialization in the balconies Natália Kostelníková
GROUP2
INTRODUCTION TO THE SPECIALIZATION
DESIGN OF THE PRIVAT BALCONIES, SONDERBROGADE 34-48 Privat balconies are designed on the NW side of the building, so that create privat space for the occupants of the building, where they can enjoy the sunlight in summer, such as in winter. The construction of the balconies is made by prefabricated concrete components, such as columns and slabs, which are easy to build-up. Concrete components were designed such, that are easy to maintanance. To eliminate thermal bridges, tha construction is indipendent from the construction of the building and connected are just by steel wall brackets. The railing was designed made by glass panels and fixed by ponts into the concrete slabs. The floor of the balcony is wooden and there is the drain system hidden under the floor.
MAIN KEY ISSUES FROM SCHEME DESIGN
STATIC AND BUILDABILITY 4.1.(2) Load-bearing structures must be designed to withstand normally occuring static and dynamic loads. Balconies construction is made from prefabricated reinforced components, as columns and slabs. Columns transmit main weight from slabs to the foundations. The slabs ale attached to the wall with two anchors. The solution of the balconies is easy to build-up on the side. All the balconies have the same dimensions, so the amount of components is reduced.
COLD&WARM CONSTRUCTION
The cold and warm parts of the cnstruction are separated from each other, the cold balcony construction is independent. Balconies are just suspended from the construction via two anchors, what reduce thermal bridges.
SOUND DEMANDS
Sound demands had to be also solved. As a solution joints have to be inserted between concrete components to prevent the noise transmittion from one component to anotker one.
THERMAL CHANGES
Thermal changes must be taken to the consideration due to changing dimensions of some components. The concrete slab is expected to have a horizontal movement of 0,7mm per meter of the slab width. In our case it means 1,5 mm in width. Therefore the gap between these components had to be designed, which is filled with interface material to prevent also sound spreading. The neoprene between must be at least 2*expected movement of the slab, what means 30 mm. The width of neoprene abutment should be 5 times the hight of the abutment and minimum 50 mm.
MOISTURE 4.6(1) Buildings must be build so as to prevent water, moisture and damp from causing damage or underminingservice-ability, impairing and vitiating health and safety conditions. Special attention must be paid on the moisture. Experience shows, that moisture problems usually occur when the slope away the facade is insufficient, and in the cases when anchors penetrate the facade. Sufficient slope is 15‰ at least.
DRAINAGE
To protect the balcony slab and the materials on the balcony, drainage system had to be solved. With the slope 15‰ concrete is formed to the “basin” which ends in one of the corner into drainage pipe. Drainage pipe will be hidden in the wall construction.
MAINTANANCE The balconies are made by materials which are easy to maintanance and from long life cycle point of view very long-run. The floor on the balconies is made from wood, which will need maintanance after some time, but have another, mainly aesthetical advantages.
GUARDING 3.2.3(1) Taking account of the use of the building, corridors, staircases and ramps on shared access routes as well as balconies, French windows, balcony doors, access balconies, air locks, roof teraces, external staircases and other elevated recreation areas must be secured by guarding and fitted with handrails, Handrails must be easy to grip and hold onto. The height of guarding on stairs, on access balconies and air locks should be increased as appropriate, but should be no less than 1.2m. The railing is combination of steel carrying construction and glass panels. The construction is catched to the concrete columns and in the middle of balcony to the steel column. Railing hight 1,2 m.
GLAZED PANELS
4.3.(1) Glazed panels, glass surfaces and structural glazing must be designed and constructed so as to provide satisfactory safeguards against personal injury.
AESTHETICAL SOLUTION
From aesthetical point of view, we choosed wooden floor combined with concrete panels. Concrete islab is on the top formed into a bath, frame, which is filled with wooden boards.
LIST OF THE PREFABRICATED COMPONENTS All the components are made by CONCRETE CONTRACTOR, who makes also main straucture of the building. The list is sent to him and the company design the dimensions of details, which are carrying any load. The contractor provide also all the brackets and neoprene joints and the installation of the balconies on the site. All the components are made by reinforcement concrete.
THE GROUND SLAB (12 pieces)
U-SHAPED FRAME (36 pieces)
THE GROUND SLAB HAS THE SAME DIMENSIONS AS THE SLABS OVER. IT IS NOT CARRYING ANY LOAD SO THE THICKENSS IS SMALLER, IT IS JUST 200mm. IT IS ADAPTED IN THE CORNERS, WHICH ARE CUT OFF AND ALLOW THE COLUMNS TO CONTINUE TO THE FOUNDATION PAT.
THERE IS THE U-SHAPED FRAME ON THE TOP OF THE CONSTRUCTION OVER THE HIGHEST FLOOR. THE COMPONENT IS MADE BY ONE PIECE OF CONCRETE FOR FASTER INSTALLATION.
CONCRETE SLAB (24 pieces)
SECTION IF THE BALCONY SLAB IS THE SAME AS FOR THE OTHER SLABS, JUST THICKNESS IS SMALLER.
FOR THE FLOORS, CONCRETE SLAB IS USED. IT IS ONE COMPONENT WITH THE THICKNESS OF 300mm. THE PART IN THE MIDDLE OF THE SLAB IS CUT OF TO ALLOW THE WOODEN FLOOR CONSTRUCTION TO BE PUT IN. THE INNER PART HAS ALSO TLE SLOPE 15 prom. IN THE OUTER CORNERS THERE ARE HOLES TO ALLOW THE CONCRETE FILLING BE PUT IN. EACH SLAB HAS TWO TEETHS, GOING INTO THE WALL CONSTRUCTION, WHICH ARE SUPPORTED BY WALL BRACKET, CARRYING THE LOAD.
COLUMN (72pieces) SECTION THROUGH THE SLABS SHOWS THE SLOPE AND THE CHANNEL INSIDE THE SLAB, WHICH IS MADE TO DRAIN THE RAIN WATER. AT THE ENT OF THE TEETH THERE IS THE STEEL BRACKET APPLIED TO THE CONCRETE IN THE PRODUCE PROCESS. WITH THIS BRACKET, WHICH IS ALREADY INSERTED THE PROCESS OF THE MOUNTING WILL BE EASIER.
THE DIMENSIONS OF THE COLUMN IS 200x200mm. IT IS ADAPTED TO FAST CONSTRUCTION PROCESS ON THE SIDE. ON THE TOP OF THE COLUMN, THERE IS A HOLE, WHICH IS ON THE SIDE FILLED WITH THE CONCRETE AND THE REINFORCEMENT. IN THE BOTTOM OF THE COLUMN THERE IS THE HOLE CONTINUING OUT OF THE SLAB WHAT ALLOWS THE WORKERS TO FILL THE HOLE WITH THE CONCRETE.
GROUND COLUMN (24pieces) THE GROUND COLUMN IS LONGER, IT IS CONTINUING TO THE FOUNDATION PAT. THE TOP OF THE COLUMN IS THE SAME AS THE REST OF THE COLUMNS. THE BOTTOM OF THE SLAB HAS REINFORCEMENT WITH THE BRACKET CONSTRUCTION APPLIED. ON THE SIDE IT IS SCREWED WITH THE PART OF THE BRACKET WHICH IS APPLIED TO THE FOUNDATION PAT.
BALCONY PLAN 1:20
A
B
SEALANT (CC) BACKING (CC) GASKET SEALANT (CC)
WIDTH OF THE GLASS PANELS WIDTH OF THE BALCONY CONSTRUCTION
THE GAP BETWEEN EXTERNAL WALL CONSTRUCTION AND CONSTRUCTION OF THE BALCONY ≈ 20-30mm FIBRE CEMENT CLADDING PANEL 13mm (WC) AIR CAVITY 40mm (WC) GYPSUM WINDSCREEN BOARD 10mm (WC) WOOL INSULATION 270mm ( EARTHWOOL RAINSCREEN SLAB 150+120mm) (WC) PREFABRICATED LOAD-BEARING CONCRETE PANELS 185mm (CC)
WOODEN BOARDS 3077x130mm (CPT)
GYPSUM BOARD 10mm (WC) RAINWATER DRAIN ∅ 150mm (PB) L LONGITUDINAL PROFILE (WC)
PREFABRICATER CONCRETE COLUMNS 200x200mm (CC) WIDTH OF THE GLASS PANELS FASTENING DOWEL (WC) THERMAL SEPARATOR (WC) WALL BRACKET (WC)
WIDTH OF THE BALCONY CONSTRUCTION BRACKET SCREW (WC) VERTICAL T PROFILE (WC) RIVET (WC)
LIST OF THE CONTRACTORS WC - WALLING CONTRACTOR WNC - WINDOW CONTRACTOR CC - CONCRETE CONTRACTOR CPT - CARPENTER FC - FLOORING CONTRACTOR PST - PLASTERER RC - RAILING CONTRACTOR PB - PLUMBER
A
SECTION THROUGH THE WINDOW
C
SECTION THROUGH THE RAILING
B
ATTACHEMENT TO THE WALL
RAIN WATER SOLVEING1:20 DISTANCE OF THE BRACKETS AND DIMENSIONS OF THE ANCHORS DISTANCE FROM THE AXIS OF THE ANCHORS
WIDTH OF THE GLASS PANELS WIDTH OF THE BALCONY CONSTRUCTION
15 prom.
15 prom.
15 prom.
15 prom.
GYPSUM BOARDS 10mm (WC) RAINWATER DRAIN diam.. 150MM (PB) L LONGITUDINAL PROFILE (WC)
FASTENING DOWEL (WC) THERMAL SEPARATOR (WC) WALL BRACKET (WC)
DRAIN FOR THE RAINWATER IN PREFABRICATED ELEMENT, width 50mm
WIDTH OF THE GLASS PANELS WIDTH OF THE BALCONY CONSTRUCTION BRACKET SCREW (WC) VERTICAL T PROFILE (WC) RIVET(WC)
LIST OF THE CONTRACTORS WC - WALLING CONTRACTOR WNC - WINDOW CONTRACTOR CC - CONCRETE CONTRACTOR CPT - CARPENTER FC - FLOORING CONTRACTOR PST - PLASTERER RC - RAILING CONTRACTOR PB - PLUMBER
DETAIL OF THE ATTACHEMENT TO THE WALL 1:6 FIBRE CEMENT CLADDING PANEL 13mm (WC) AIR CAVITY 40mm (WC) GYPSUM WINDSCREEN BOARD 10mm (WC) WOOL INSULATION 270mm ( EARTHWOOL RAINSCREEN SLAB 150+120mm) (WC) PREFABRICATED LOAD-BEARING CONCRETE PANELS 185mm (CC) WOODEN LINING (CPT) AIRTIGHT RUBBER JOINT(WNC) CEMENT BOARD 10mm (WNC) SEALANT (WNC) TWO STEP WINDOW JOINT (WNC) WOODEN WINDOW FRAME(WNC)
INSULATION 75mm(WC) MOUNTING WALL BRACKET (CC) ANCHOR BOLT (CC) STEEL CORNER OF THE SLAB(CC)
BRACKET SCREW (WC) FIBRECEMENT BOARD 5MM (WC) LONDITUDINAL L PROFILE(WC) BRACKET SCREW (WC) VERTICAL L PROFILE (WC) RIVET (WC)
LIST OF THE CONTRACTORS WC - WALLING CONTRACTOR WNC - WINDOW CONTRACTOR CC - CONCRETE CONTRACTOR CPT - CARPENTER FC - FLOORING CONTRACTOR PST - PLASTERER RC - RAILING CONTRACTOR PB - PLUMBER
U SHAPED CONCRETE FRAME IN-SITU CONCRETE FILLING (CC)
REINFORCEMENT (CC) CONCRETE COLUMN NEOPRENE RUBBER 12mm(CC) cast in-situ concrete filling(CC) steel reinforcement (CC) NEOPRENE RUBBER (CC)
NEOPRENE RUBBER (CC) ANCHOR BOLT (CC) MOUNTING WALL BRACKET (CC) SUPPORT FOR STEEL BRACKET (CC)
WOODEN SKIRTING (FC) INSULATION 10mm (WC) CAST IN-SITU CONCRETE (FC) WOODEN DECK BOARDS 25mm (CPT) POLY VAPOUR BARIER 2mm (FC) SMOOTH CONCRETE FINISH 5mm (WC) CAST IN-SITU CONCRETE 70mm (WC) HARD SOUND INSULATION 30mm (WC) HOLLOW-CORE DECK 220mm (WC) PLASTER 4mm (PST) FASTENING DOWEL (WC) THERMAL SEPARATOR (WC) WALL BRACKET (WC)
LIST OF THE CONTRACTORS
PREFAB. CONCRETE SLAB
WC - WALLING CONTRACTOR WNC - WINDOW CONTRACTOR CC - CONCRETE CONTRACTOR CPT - CARPENTER FC - FLOORING CONTRACTOR PST - PLASTERER RC - RAILING CONTRACTOR PB - PLUMBER
REINFORCEMENT IN THE CONCRETE COLUMN (CC)
ANCHOR BOLT (CC) FOUNDATION PAT (CC)
SECTION THROUGH THE BALCONIES 1:45 & DETAIL OF THE SLAB-COLUMN CONNECTION 1:5
GROUND SLAB
NEOPRENE RUBBER (CC)
SECTION B-B 1:20
CAST IN-SITU CONCRETE FILLING (CC) STEEL REINFORCEMENT (CC)
ATTACHEMENT TO THE WALL
LIST OF THE CONTRACTORS WC - WALLING CONTRACTOR WNC - WINDOW CONTRACTOR CC - CONCRETE CONTRACTOR CPT - CARPENTER FC - FLOORING CONTRACTOR PST - PLASTERER RC - RAILING CONTRACTOR PB - PLUMBER
STEEL BRACKET ELEMENT FIXED TO THE CONCRETE COMPONENT(CC)
WOODEN SKIRTING (FC) INSULATION 10mm (WC) CAST IN-SITU CONCRETE (FC)
NEOPRENE RUBBER 12mm (CC)
NEOPRENE RUBBER (CC) ANCHOT BOLT (CC) MOUNTING WALL BRACKET (CC) SUPPORT FOR THE STEEL BRACKET
VERTICAL T PROFILE (WC) RIVET (WC) WALL BRACKET (WC)
WOODEN DECK BOARDS 25mm (CPT) POLY VAPOUR BARIER 2mm (FC) SMOOTH CONCRETE FINISH 5mm (WC) CAST IN-SITU CONCRETE 70mm (WC) HARD SOUND INSULATION 30mm (WC) HOLLOW-CORE DECK 220mm (WC) PLASTER 4mm (PST) FASTENING DOWEL (WC) THERMAL SEPARATOR (WC) WALL BRACKET (WC)
SECTION A-A SECTION THROUGH THE BALCONY DOORS DETAIL OF THE ATTACHEMENT TO THE WALL 1:20 1:6
WOODEN FLOOR CONSTRUCTION (CPT)
SLIDING FRAME OF THE DOOR (WNC) WOODEN THRESHOLD (CPT) RUBBER JOINT (WNC) JOINT(WC)
TWO STEP JOINT (WNC) CEMENT BOARD (WNC) STEEL BRACKET (WNC) STEEL L BRACKET (WNC) CAST IN-SITU CONCRETE (CC)
WOODEN BATTENS 50x50mm(CPT) CONCRETE SLAB 300mm (CC)
LEVEL FREE ACCESS
channel in the concrete component to drain the rain water
‰ TO DRAIN THE WATER
LIST OF THE CONTRACTORS WC - WALLING CONTRACTOR WNC - WINDOW CONTRACTOR CC - CONCRETE CONTRACTOR CPT - CARPENTER FC - FLOORING CONTRACTOR PST - PLASTERER RC - RAILING CONTRACTOR PB - PLUMBER
ZINC PROTECTION AGAINST WATER (WC)
SEALANT (WC) WOODEN LINING (CPT) AIRTIGHT FOIL (WNC) SEALANT(WNC) TWO STEP JOINT (WNC) PU RIGID FOAM (WNC) WOODEN WINDOW FRAME(WNC)
DETAIL OF THE PAT 1:10 LIST OF THE CONTRACTORS WC - WALLING CONTRACTOR WNC - WINDOW CONTRACTOR CC - CONCRETE CONTRACTOR CPT - CARPENTER FC - FLOORING CONTRACTOR PST - PLASTERER RC - RAILING CONTRACTOR PB - PLUMBER
REINFORCEMENT IN THE CONCRETE SOLUMNE (CC) ANCHOR BOLT (CC) FOUNDATION PAT (CC) NEOPRENE RUBBER (CC)
DETAIL OF THE RAILING 1:8 GASKET (RC)
FIXING ROD (RC) CHEMSET INTO CONCRETE (RC)
LIST OF THE CONTRACTORS WC - WALLING CONTRACTOR
Walling contractor is prividing all the works which are connected with the insulation and cladding installations, mounting the brackets holding the boards, insulation and windscreen board.
WNC - WINDOW CONTRACTOR
Window contractor is providing all the window installation: installation of the brackets, cement board hodling the window, applying all of the joints.
CC - CONCRETE CONTRACTOR
Concrete or balcony contractor is the concrete company, which is providing all the calculations about the dimensions. The contractor is providing installation and mounting of all of the prefabricated concrete components
CPT - CARPENTER
Carpenter is finishing wooden work in all the project. He is providing window wooden lining and balcony floor construction.
FC - FLOORING CONTRACTOR
Flooring contractor works on the all floors in all the building. He puts all the layers of the floor from the concrete slabs. Floor heating is also provided by the flooring contractor.
PST - PLASTERER
Plasterer is making all the plasters inside the building, on the interior walls.
RC - RAILING CONTRACTOR
Railing contractor mount the railin in the balconies, installation of the gaskets, glass panels and the handle-
PB - PLUMBER
Rainwater pipe is only pipe provided by the plumber in balcony area.
SPECIFICATION TO THE TENDER FORM Case number Case Specialization in Date
COMPONENT STAINLESS STEEL GLASSHOLDER for the frameless railing system
203 985 Team 2, Chr M Østergaards Vej 4, 8700 Horsens GLASS BALCONY BALUSTRADE 11.01.2014
piec.,m²
AVERAGE PRICE (DKK)
2x10 piec.
82-130 DKK/piec.
TOUGHENED GLASS PANELS
5,1m/balcony
STAINLESS HANDRAIL + gasket
5,1m/balcony
HANDRAIL FITTING
TOTAL PRICE
4piec.
768/m 164-548/m 7-60/piec.
PRICE USED FOR THE CALCULATION(DKK)
PRICE FOR ONE BALCONY(DKK)
PRICE FOR ALL THE BALCONIES (36)
90/piec.
1800
64 800,-
768/m
3920
141 120,-
300/m
1530
55 080,-
120
4 320,-
30/piec.
7370 DKK/ 1 balcony
COMPARING THE PRICES A lot of BALCONY CONTRACTORS offer the price for the m of the railing. The average prices are 2500 - 4065/m For 5,1m for 1 balcony it means 12 750 - 20 731 DKK.
256 320,DKK
MOUNTING OF THE BALCONY MOUNTING OF THE WALL BRACKET
The bracket are mounted in the same time, when the prefabricated building walls. There is neoprene rubber between the wall bracket and the wall, to stop any sound and vibration transmitting. The brackets are screwed from the top and also from the front. The bracket mounting is provided by the BALCONY CONTRACTOR.
FOUNDATION PROCES
When all the walls are done, the soil around the building structure is hardened and prepared for the foundation of the balconies. After the foundation are stabe, the prefabricated concrete slab can be put on the gravel. The works are provided by the CONCRETE/BALCONY CONTRACTOR
WALL AND BRACKET MOUNTING
FOUNDATION 3 MONTHS
EXTERNAL WALLS MOUNTING
When the soil and walls are done, the insulation and the windscreen board is mounted. The layers are missing aroun the wall brackets holding the balcony. In this period also raindrain is mounted in between the insulation. The works are provided by the WALLING CONTRACTOR AND PLUMBER.
BUILDING OF THE MAIN BUILDINGSTRUCTURE
FIRST SLAB
CLADDING MOUNTING
Because some details of the cladding are hidden behind the balconies, the cladding has to be mounted before the concrete elements. The works is provided by the WALLING CONTRACTOR.
THE CONCRETE COMPONENT MOUNTING
The main concrete components are mounted in longer period by the stories. The connection between the slab and columns is filled with reinforcement and in-situ concrete, so the concrete has to indurate. Induration of the concrete takes more days. There is the neoprene rubber between each concrete component to stop the vibration transmition. The works are provided by the CONCRETE CONTRACTOR.
WINDOWS MOUNTING
The mounting of the windows is made in the same time as the flooring and internalwalls mounting. Window construction is holden by the brackets arount the opening. There are cement boards on the bracket, which are connected with the concrete panels with the airtight rubber joint, to ensure the airtightness. The works are provided by the WINDOW CONTRACTOR.
WALL INSTALLATIONS
CONCRETE ELEMENT MOUNTING
FACADE COBERING
FLOORING AND INTERNAL WALLS MOUNTING
WINDOWS MOUNTING
5 MONTHS
FLOOR CONSTRUCTION
FINISHING OF THE BUILDING
BALCONY FLOOR CONSTRUCTION
The balcony floor is wooden. The work is provided in the process of the finishing of the building. The plastic pads are installen and then wooden floor boards are mounted. The works are provided by the CARPENTER.
RAILING CONSTRUCTION
The railing construction is also provided in the phase of finishing of the building. The railing is point fixed, so the screws are mounted to the concrete slab from outside. The glass is installed in the same time. After glass steel handrail is installed with the fittings. The works are provided by the RAILING CONTRACTOR.
RAILING CONSTRUCTION