Navabharathi_Portfolio_UG by Navabharathi

portFOLIO

Navabharathi.T.N Bachelor of Architecture Prime College of Architecture and Planning, Nagai. Anna University, chennai. 91 8489292750, 91 8903693472 navabharathi.nat@gmail.com

Work experience

Education College /University Prime College of Architecture and Planning, Nagapattinam, Tamil Nadu

CGPA B.Arch.,

80.0%

HSC

81.5%

SSC

94.4%

School Sri Sakthi Matric. Higher Secondary School, Namakkal, Tamil Nadu

Activites Journal Article for NASA 2013 Documentation of Tharangambadi fort and Velankanni Magazine Editor in Xstay-14(Symposium)

Worked as a Junior architect in Sri Vignesh Builders between July 2016- February 2017

At present Junior architect, Origin Architects, Bangalore

Personnel skills Team work

Model making

Photography

Documentation

ground floor

NPT

+0.50

+0.65

NPT

+1.40

Security cabin NPT

URBAN DESIGN

AUROVILLE

+2.30

MUSEUM NPT

URBAN INSERT

DOCUMENTATION

0 +0.0

HOSPITAL

Contents TECTONICS

Hobbies

URBAN DESIGN Agricultural city Agricultural city as a prototype of TamilNadu. A radius of 2.5km of 17 villages surrounded by Nagapattinam, Thiruvarur and Velankanni. Study of the villages were done to find the issues. Each village has its own history, tradition, lifestyle. The design proposals was to develope the existing scenario and add on some.

INDUSTRIAL ZONE_ SCOPE

PUBLIC SPACES

RESEARCH BLOCK HYDROPONICS AEROPONICS GREEN HOUSES

DWELLING UNITS (DU’s) APARTMENT: 1bhk,2bhk,studio GROUP

BUILDINGS

URBAN SQUARE RIVER FRONT PLAZA VIEWING DECK

DAIRY INDUSTRIES DAIRY BARN PROCESSING INDUSTRY BAKERY GOODS INDUSTRY VETERINARY CLINIC INSTITUTE

STREETS STREETSCAPE (DU’S & INDUSTRIES)

URBAN ELEMENTS

LANDSCAPE

TRANSPORTATION ROAD NETWORKS (BOLEWARD, SUB ARTRIAL ROAD, MULTIUSE LANE - CYCLE, PEDESTRIAN)

RIVER CORRIDOR GREEN POCKETS

INDUSTRIAL ZONE_LOCATION BOULEVARD

STREETSCAPE

RECREATION

Industrial zone Railway corridor City boundary

ECR Sub corridor Water corridor

INDUSTRIAL ZONE Master plan The objective of our Urban design was to develop agriculture through out the season by techniques like Hydroponics and Aeroponics. Other productions like bakery goods milk and its by products,

also leads to job opportunity to all grades of people. This

wide range of cultivation and productions improves research and job opportunity for the people and increases floating income.

TRANSPORTATION

Road Network Rail Node

Circulation

E.C.R Node

5-10 M I

TE SW AL K

C.B.D Node

Rail Corridor

Boulevard Sub Arterial

Visitors

Service road

workers (Industrial Resident, City Resident)

Street

P P Parking Structure

TRANSPORTATION

Time vs Traffic

Multi-users Visitors Light Motor

12-2

2-4

4- 6

Boulevard

6-8

8-10

10-12

12-2

2-4

4-6

6-8

8-10

10-12

Heavy vehicles

INDUSTRIAL ZONE MASTER PLAN Rail Node

E.C.R Node

ECR Boulevard

Ware house

Main entry security zone

Industry vehicle Bakery indus-

Ware house

Dairy barn

Rice mill Green house

Dairy industry

Admin and exhibition block

Public zone

Veterinary clinic Hydroponics and Aeroponics Service zone

THENGALAORATHUR

Residents parking Dwelling units Community garden River front landscape Recreation area

C.B.D Node

Service road

Rail corridor Boulevard

Street

Sub Arterial

Viewing deck

Typical boulevard An approach to sustainable strom water management, the uses of perforated concrete pavers collects strom water into the under - drain system and then discharged.

3.00 m

2.00 m

3.60 m

Multi use Light Molane, tor Bicycle, Sidewalk Vehicle PedesLane + trian Planting

7.00 m

Heavy Vehicle Lane

7.00 m

Curb + Planting

Heavy Vehicle Lane

3.60 m

2.00 m

3.00 m

Light MoMulti use tor lane, Vehicle Sidewalk Bicycle, Lane Pedes+ Planting trian

HYDROPONICS

TOMATOES Accrued yield 35 %

RED KALE Accrued yield 65 %

BELL PEPPER Accrued yield 53 %

PARSLEY Accrued yield 21 %

SQUASH Accrued yield 50 %

BASIL Accrued yield 19 %

CHARD Accrued yield 8%

CUCUMBER Accrued yield 07 %

Exterior view

LIFT-1

LIFT-2

LIFT-3

LIFT-1

LIFT-2

NUTRITION STORE

LIFT

AHU

GROOMING ROOM

First and Fifth floor plan

GROOMING ROOM

Second and Sixth floor plan

LIFT-1

LIFT-3

LIFT-2

LIFT-3

NUTRITION STORE NUTRITION STORE

LIFT AHU LIFT AHU

GROOMING ROOM GROOMING ROOM

GROOMING ROOM

Third and Fifth floor plan

Fourth and Eighth floor plan

Hydroponics_Section

Hydroponics_Detail

INDUSTRIAL CITY_RECREATION

INDUSTRIAL CITY_EXHIBITION

METRICS FRAMEWORK

Activities

Ag./Farm Job TrainManageGrowing ing/ Environmental Food System ment TrainRain water Seed Raising Cow - Barn Planting Creation Trading Vegetables/ Education Education Harvesting Saving Livestock Keeping Composting Trees Hub Fruits/Herbs ing

Health

Access to healthy food

Food Healthy - Literacy Healthy Eating Physical Activity

Social Empowerment & Mobilization Youth Development & education Food security

Economic Local economic stimulation Job growth Job readiness Food affordability

Ecological Awareness of food systems ecology Stewardship Conservation Strom water management Soil Improvement Biodiversity & Habitat Improvement

AUROVILLE

Hands on experience In Auroville , W I had a great chance to in volve myself in making of steel vault , Rhombus research and ferrocement workshop. It has provided me with a chance to find my way of interest. The steel vault is added in Aha ! school play ground . The rhombus research is about constructing a beam without using the steel in it.

Rhombus research Key Stone column Resultant force

0.3

0.1

0.12

0.23

0.26

0.3

Types of bricks

0.14

0.3

2 panel for 30 cm Mould

5 0.1

0.13

4 0.1

0.12

2 panel for 15 cm Mould

Typical key stone

Typical stone

0.15

0.3

0.15

4 panel for 30 and 15 cm Mould

2 panel for 13 cm hieght Mould

0.23

3 panel for Key Mould

2 panel for 13 cm hieght Mould

Ferrocement workshop Ferrocement is a thin cement mortar laid over wire mesh, which acts as a reinforcement is relativelycheap, strong and durable, and the basic technique is easily acquired. Ferrocement in Auroville is used, among other things, in the construction of roof channels, doors, water tanks, latrines, slabs, various form works and bio-gas plants.

Site work-Steel vault Aha school, Auroville

MUSEUM

Museum of Science, Bangalore

GROUND FLOOR PLAN Kitchen

Office

Kitchen store Restaurant

Office store Special exhibition

Conference hall

Lvl +8

Temporary exhibition

Student experiment room/ workshop

Main wadi

Double height Equipment store

Plumbing room

The wall of life

Library

Electrical room coats

Store Female

Mechanical room

vests

Toilet

Lobby

Pantry Multi purpose hall or av hall

Data room

Male Meeting room 123

AHU

Reception Billing counter

-4348 VX-CK

-4348

VX-CK

Cloak room

Office

SITE PLAN

TERRACE

JAKKUR LAKE

ground floor

NPT

ENTRY

NPT

+0.50

+0.65

NPT

+1.40

Security cabin NPT

+2.30

EXIT

NPT

PARKING

FOREST

KUR

JAK

IN MA

+0.0

FIRST FLOOR PLAN

Terrace

Lvl +8

Astrophysics gallery Terrace

Astrophysics gallery

Double height seen below

Earth science gallery

Terrace

Earth-core journey

Plumbing room Electrical room Mechanical room

Female

Temporary exhibition

Data room Planetarium

Male

AHU

Permanent exhibition roof lvl 2 great hall

SECOND FLOOR PLAN

Terrace

Lvl +8

roof lvl 1

Lvl + 4

Female

sale area Male

THESIS URBAN INSERT |SRI RANGAM, TRICHY Every community has its own set of unique characteristics and issues that guide solutions by understanding of existing environmental settings, regional influences, historical importance and cultural aspects. This thesis aims to promote, facilitate and catalyze the physical developments through a variety of public, private and publicprivate initiatives by adding the effective build structure within the existing urban conditions.

GROWTH OF CITY

Two temples form the nodes for the city to expand from

The city expands from the two nucliei

Settlement of the city by Islamic and british culture changed the urban morphology, diversifying Srirangam.

Pre 14th century

16th - 17th century

19th - 20th century

14th - 16th century

17th - 19th century

20th century - present

ARCHITECTURAL TYPOLOGY Residential streets

South street

Orientation Mixed use buildings

Koll

idam

Forma urbis

Growth of the city Koll

idam

rive

Sri rangam

Mumford’s theory: “At the heart of the village are the temples consecrated by Bhramins”.

Thiruvanaikovil

Kauveri river

rive

Sri rangam

i ri

Thiruvanaikovil

“The best villages are those located on a river and extending along its South bank” - The mayamta Vastu Shastra

PRESENT SCENARIO IN SOUTH STREET From the Rajagopuram upto the temple entrance, the street is of the Intimate, Nature, Narrow and buzzling with activities. Commercial activities in South main street resulted to congestion. Vehicular movement likely to cause inconvinience to pedestrians.Tourists flow is increasing year by year.Traffic and parking complications.

100m

72m The tallest gopuram in the Asia 50m

Section through N-S axis This is an urban section running from running from North to South passing through each gate in the main temple and then continuing South into the organic areas that are seperate from the temple. The heights of the gates are estimated from photographs of the area, the only fixed height that could be found from our research was the South gate also known as the Srirangam South Temple entrance(shown in middle of section) which is the tallest in the world reaching 72m.

Street elevation_South to North Temple entrance Meeting nodes Secondary roads Major two way road Raja gopuram_South entrance Bus stop Active urban edge with pedestrian path Major gathering node Areas to be developed with public amenities Boundary lines as limits to development Entrance to Srirangam Commercial activity Recreational activity Residential activity Street elevation_ North to South

From the Rajagopuram upto the temple entrance, the street is of the Intimate, Nature, Narrow and buzzling with activities. Vehicular movement likely to cause inconvinience.

Tourists flow is increasing year by year. Traffic and parking complications. The bronze and copper vessel makers are now been changing to fancy stores.

The advertisement boards are placed on top of the shop fronts with the display of cinema actors to promote business and to attract tourists. Increaased mobile users.

SPACE USER ANALYSIS VENDORS

desires a convenient space to sell their goods

HAWKERS

desires they want more people to passby

PILGRIMS

desires need a place to sit and sleep

SHOP KEEPERS

EATERS

desires a place to exhibit variety of goods desires basic sanitation and a place to sit

RESIDENTS

TIME USER ANALYSIS

desires need a place for refreshment

5 6

7 8

9 10 11 12 1

Time scale User- 1

WD WE

User- 2

WD WE

Commuters

User- 3

WD WE

User- 4

Pilgrims

Residents

Shop holders

User- 5

Vendors

WD WE

REQUIREMENT ANALYSIS

hard surface

vendors

hawkers little or no noise

space space to sleep to eat

space to shelter refresh

space to exhibit

space for relax

open parking unpopulated

PUBLIC PARTICIPATION

Pilgrims Vendors

Conjested Pathways

Commuters Residents Lack of parking

Conjested spaces Recreation

Traffic Parking

Lack of space

Lack of relaxing space

Congested street

Traffic

Permanent Shops

Place for refreshment

Exibit goods Parking Accomdation

Issues faced by user group

User group impact on public space

Needs for the user group

seating

LAND USE MAP OF THE STREET

BASE MAP BASE MAP

Ko lli

rive

Ranga Gopuram and other important buildings. In such process of photographic recordings, people completely ignore the traffic that has already been in a congestedd situation. street comprises of heavy traffic since it signifies the major important access to the temple complex. This street has barricades placed all over the entry points so as to restrict the incoming four wheelers like cars, buses, lorries and trucks, thereby by dedicating the entire street for the the pilgrims visiting the temple.

12 am

10 pm

2 am

8 pm

4 am

6 pm

6 am

4 pm

8 am

2 am

10 am

8 pm

The south street is accessed mostly by the pedestrians and also by the two wheeelers, pedestrains still find it difficult to walk comfortably without any fear of accidents.

4 am

6 pm

6 am

4 pm

10 pm

4 am

6 pm

8 am

2 am

8 pm

6 am

4 pm

Pedestrian

Vehicle

10 am

8 am

Vendors

2 am

10 am

12 pm

Tirumananja kau

veri

12 pm

12 am

2 am

Place for shopping and parking. This space is near to temple entrance and bus stop, a good node to attract pilgrims.

Place for sleeping and dining. This space has unique characteristics to accomodate various type of pilgrims.

Sri Ranganathar temple

Temple entrance_South

Raja gopuram

Proposed site 1 Proposed site 2

Ka uv e

ri r ive

Place for Refreshment and recreation. This space has community spot due to its location near the waterbody.

Proposed site 3

Amma mandapam 100

0 50

150

200 250

SOUVENIER SHOPS A place to exhibit variety of An appropriate place to

Vendors and Stall holders want more people to

Place for shopping

Basic sanitation and a place to sit

Souveneir shops for tourists

Protection from weather

Closed and semiclosed spaces for shopping

View of Souvenier shop entrance

RECREATION A place to exhibit variety of An appropriate place to

Vendors and Stall holders want more people to

Place for shopping

Basic sanitation and a place to sit

Souveneir shops for tourists

Protection from weather

Closed and semiclosed spaces for shopping

Site plan Entrance Service road Pedestrian circulation Vehicular circulation

Rest room River front seating Pavillions

Food court 40M WIDE ROAD MAJOR ENTRANCE TO THE CITY

View from Pavillions

PILGRIMS SHELTER Basic sanitation and a place to sit

A place with minimum facilities to accomodate individual as well as families

Dining space and quality food Open space for parking

Pilgrims shelter

Place to accomodate nomades

Community interaction space Low rent shelter for pilgrims

A place for stall hold-

Site plan

Vehicular entry

Office

Parking Zone

Mai

Rooms to accomodate pilgrims with semi private courtyards

Kitchen

n en

try

Dining Service zone

Community space with hard and soft open landscape

40M WIDE ROAD MAJOR ENTRANCE TO THE CITY

View of hard and soft open spaces Hard open spaces Soft open spaces Water fountain Seatings

Typical plan

Performance of jali screen The brick is hollow, with cavities running along the length of the brick. It is light weight and its air cavity allows for lessr thermal heat gain.

The ventilating nature of hollow brick core , the voids between the bricks and the ventilated air cavity between the brickwork and the block work all ensure that there is very little direct heat transfered from exterior face to indoor environment.

INTACH

Documentation of Velankanni Vellankanni South

situated

Nagapattinam.

along Its

the

coast

prominent

of a

bay

tourist

Bengal, destinati-

ion and people creed come to pay respect to the great lady. The small hamlet on the sandy shore of Bay of Bengal is 350km far from Chennai. the scaredplace was once a port and people of this region traded with countries like Rome and Greece, which was the ancient commercial centre

of the western countries.

We initiated the work from physical features of Vellankanni, history behind it and spotted the old buildings and thier settlement pattern for

Heritage buildings

MATHANKADU ROAD

Railway station

TSUNAMI NAGAR

TSUNAMI MEMORIAL

CHETTY NORTH STREET

Tsunami memorial SIVAN KOVIL STREET

SIVAN

EAST

Religious building

STREET

AADHI

SIVAN KOIL

THIRAVID

Burial grounds

AR KUD

IERUPU

STR

EET

VELANKANNI RAILWAY STATION

POOK

EAST COAST ROAD

ARA

Water body

ENTRY

PUMP SET STREET

ROAD

UTH

IRIY

A MA

THA

SABESTI

EET STR

AR ROA

MAIN

MORNING STAR CHURCH

BURIAL GROUND

ARIYA

SHRINE COMMUNITY HOLY WATER BANIYAN TREE

BASILICA OF OUR LADY OF GOOD HEALTH

KAMARAJAR

STREET

HOLY PATH

ADORATION CHURCH

LAI

STRE

AMMA

N KO

IL ST

REET

I NA

KALI

PIL

ANNA

MUSLIM

STREET

TOMB

PANDAGASALAI

JAMIYA MASJID

STREET

NADU THITTU CHURCH

NATTU

STREET SIVAN EAST

CHETTY SOUTH

STREET

BEACH

BURIAL GROUND

ROAD

Mahadanam Urban re-structuring

Mahadanam

mono-functional

settlement

which

having low level of service and high level of inconvenience. A minimalistic settlement

based on

nature-centred approach recognises that natural

systems interact in highly synergistic ways, which is respected. Low opportunities which creates unemployment in half of the year. Re-Structuring the villages of Mahadanam is to attract smaller activities to power larger activities.

Mahadanam Panjayat:

Continuity of space:

Its further sub- divided into Kalasambadi, Suk-

The spaces are used as a farm land predomi-

kanoor, Thangalorathur, Manikkapangu. The Mahadanam vil-

nantly which is continuing to connect neighbourhood villages.

lage has population of 1486. In 2011, literacy rate of Mahadan-

And the settlements are mostly spread in non-farming lands.

am village was 79.58% compared to 80.09% of Tamil Nadu.

The natural ponds and the river enriches the nature of the space.

Historical Background:

Continuity of built form:

The name has emerged from “DHANAPURAM”

where Jamins donated their wealth for the people. People

tlement, rather it is spread in the landscape as a hamlets mostly

built the temple with the memory of “ANJUVATTATHAMMAN” .

emerged in either side of the corridors. Continuity of built form

Built form has not formed as a planned set-

is highly affected by the farmlands. Work profile: work

Main

55.06 Work

workers

(Employment

describe

their

Earning

Continuity of public space:

Public facilities are placed in main corridor

than 6 Months) while 44.94 % were involved in Margin-

of Kalasambadi for accessibility and connected with road net-

al activity providing livelihood for less than 6 months.

works to make up a continuous network of space. The building itself, its walls, or painting, should contribute to defining the pub-

Health:

lic space. There is no significance in ensuring clean air, po-

table water, the disposal of waste and shelter. Health care fa-

Crime prevention:

cilities are located in neighbourhood village Vadavoor is ac-

cessible but not much integrated with public transportation.

good lighting, controlled vegetation and high levels of activity; small

All paths and pedestrian routes in areas where there is

Continuity of movement: Pedestrians

can

theoretically

Ponds

stop anywhere along a route, buses stops in a bus

Brown field

stop mostly in the centre core of the village and

Primary school

train stations at intervals of 1.5 km to 2 km. This prin-

Public buildings

ciple consists of the creation of a complex and di-

Bus stops

verse pattern of movement and accessibility. This

Dwellings

will enable all settlement activities, large and small,

Play grounds

formal and informal, to find a place within the struc-

Religious buildings

tural system mostly in bridges, bus stops, trees, shops and nodes.

Public utilities:

Homogeneous and Heterogeneous in settlements:

Public utility services, such as potable water and

electricity into settlements, and sewage, refuse, storm water

Homogeneous

settlement

which

does

and wastewater removal from settlements are not in proper use.

not have any diversity in economic and cultural expressions. It affects the connections between the space and struc-

Emergency services:

ture, cultural and life style of the settlement. Example: Public

Fire stations, ambulance and police station is locat-

spaces such as temples and churches are owned by partic-

ed in Velankanni relative to the areas they serve. Enable access

ular groups or communities. The sense of homogeneity and

by emergency vehicles is difficult because of corridor width.

heterogeneity achieved in successful settlements. Comparing with religious spaces the playgrounds are heterogeneous.

Externalisation:

Social facilities and higher-order activities are not

The movement network and public transport:

be embedded within residential areas, but they are external-

ised by locating them along more continuous movement routes.

It will also maximise the potential return on the investment in facili-

ferent movement modes significantly increasing the at-

ties, by making the facilities accessible to a wider range of people.

tractive power of the zones in which they are found. These

It will reinforce the private quality of the residential areas. Also

zones are ideal for high intensity, mixed-use development.

contribute to the establishment of symbiotic relationships be-

Spaces are not highly dominated by vehicles or pedes-

tween different activities and facilities. The library, is externalised

trian.

from the settlement and placed in main road. A continuous hier-

wheelers which four wheelers cannot penetrate, have their

archical system of public spaces organises the location of edu-

place in settlements. It is necessary to maximise continui-

cational and other public facilities, all of which are externalised.

ties of movement, as this promotes choice and integration.

The stopping points and terminals of dif-

However, entirely pedestrian routes penetrate two-

General observations:

Different communities have different priorities in terms of social facilities. The pre-

cise nature and form of many of these facilities can be determined over time by the community itself. Community facilities are important place-making elements and they should be deliberately used, in combination with public space, to make memorable places. Social facilities are dependent upon public support and play an important integrating function in and between communities. They should therefore be â&#x20AC;&#x153;externalisedâ&#x20AC;?, by being located in places of high accessibility, and made accessible to the local and surrounding communities. In this way, they bring together people from a number of local areas and are not tied to the fortunes of any one community. Realities of resource scarcity demand that public spaces and buildings be used for more than one purpose.

Urban restructuring: - Improving the quality of the public spatial environment; - Creating new public spaces where they are required; - Intensification, through housing-infill programmes, in order to increase thresholds of support and thus levels of service. - New development into existing areas in order to improve them. This can be achieved by using new development, particularly housing, to increase densities in order to improve levels of service (for example, along existing or new transportation corridors), or to make better use of existing investments (for example, in inner city areas, around existing commercial and industrial nodes).

HOSPITAL

Multi speciality(100 bed) The hospital from the holy place of “the art of curing“ of the ancient Greeks and Roman’s ,evolution

has brought us for the place of

‘having cure’. The main motto of the design is to design a space not onl y for the treatment but to creat environment friendly design.

Horizontal zoning GROUND FLOOR

SECOND FLOOR Service core

Blood bank

Services Emergency

Service block

Canteen

Court yard

Diagonostic

Service core Services Administration

CSSD Services

Service block

Court yard General ward

OPD Reception Medical

Services

Private wards Nurses lounge

THIRD FLOOR

FOURTH FLOOR Service core

Service core Services

Cath lab

Service block

Services OT Complex

Laundry

Court yard

Services Private wards

General ward

Service block

Court yard

Private zone

Nurses lounge

Semi-private zone

Courtyard

Services Private wards

ICU

Nurses lounge

Public zone

ICU doctors lounge

Public flow Doctor and staff flow

Site plan

Vertical zoning LOUNGE

RAMP

POST- OP

LAUNDRY

RAMP

CSSD

RAMP

Staff accessibility CATH LAB

Sterile instrument distribution passage (clear space) Patients and surgeons circulation passage in clean space

BLOOD BANK

ADMIN

Dirty utility collecting access

EMERGENCY

RAMP FOOD COURT POST I.C.U

ACTIVE GRE

EN SPACE

PRIVATE RO

OMS

Transfer access from ICU to private/semi-private rooms Visitors circulation Vertical circulation to Operation theatre from emergency and diagnostic

GENERAL WARD

ACTIVE GREEN SPACE

GENERAL WARD

ACTIVE GREEN SPACE

CATH LAB

BLOOD BANK

EMERGENCY

PRIVATE ROOMS

OP DEPARTMEN DIAGONOSTIC

CEPTION

ENTRANCE/RE

View of general ward and ICU nurse lounge balcony

View of Nurse lounge balcony

View of Private and Semiprivate ward balcony

Elevation 1

Ground floor plan

Public zone

Private zone

Semi-private zone

Landscape

Public flow Doctor and staff flow

First floor plan

Public zone

Private zone

Semi-private zone

Landscape

Public flow Doctor and staff flow

Second floor plan

Public zone

Private zone

Semi-private zone

Landscape

Public flow Doctor and staff flow

Second floor plan

Public zone

Private zone

Semi-private zone

Landscape

Public flow Doctor and staff flow

TECTONICS Form finding

This study of Form finding worked through the medium of fabric and string. First stage of explorations was about to solve the sagging of tensile fabric. The iteration

of exploration emanated the parameter, multilayer and in-

tersection of further experiments. The parametric approach to the experiment assisted us to get in the prototype which is initiation of Form finding.

Pulling forces

Down

Cut

Down

Cut

HOBBIES

Painting and sketching