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> I fwet akeaqui ckl ookatt heOct oberRevol ut i on t odayt o be abl et or ead how Rus s i ai s hos t i ng ar chi t ect ur e,i ti sunder s t ood t hatar chi t ect ur e and ar tar es een asan i ndi s pens abl ecomponentt ot hes t at ef r om t her evol ut i on t ot oday .The Communi s tPar t y ,whi ch t ookar at herdi dact i cat t i t udeons oci et y ,was awar eoft het r ans f or mi ngpot ent i alands oci al r ol eofar tandar chi t ect ur eons oci et y . TheOct oberr evol ut i onwasnotj us tar egi me change,buta s er i ous change i nt he s oci al s t r uct ur eofs oci et y .Ever yt hi ng coul d change onpaperi noneni ght ,butt hes oci et ywant ed i twheni tcoul dbechanged.Thecons t r uct i vi s tt houghtt hats t ar t edt obl oom att hi sexact t i me pr edi ct ed t hat t he bui l t envi r onment s houl d be us ed t o cons t r ucts oci alchanges . Thus ,t he i nnovat i ve l i f es t yl et o be adopt ed af t er t he r evol ut i on coul d be i ncor por at ed i nt o ever ydayl i f e.The ar chi t ect shoped t hat t he s oci al i s tut opi at hatt he r evol ut i on had begunwi t hcons t r uct i vi s m woul df i ndi t s el fi n t he backgr ound oft he economi cbot t l eneck wi t hi nt hecount r y . Att hi spoi nt ,ar chi t ect ur et ook i t spl ace as oneoft hei mpor t antt ool soft hes oci alt r ans f or mat i onoft hes oci al i s ts t at e. Wi t ht hei ndus t r i alact i vi t i esdevel opi ngi nt he pos t r evol ut i on Sovi etUni on,i nt er nalmi gr at i on began t ot ake pl ace i n Sovi etcount r i es and bi g ci t i esofRus s i a' sr ur alar eas( mai nl y Mos cow) .Bet ween191339,t hepopul at i onof 1. 5mi l l i on,t hepopul at i onoft heci t yr eached 4 mi l l i on and a s er i ous hous i ng di s put e emer ged.Sol vi ngt hi spr obl em wast het as kof t hepar t yhavi ngever yt hi ng. Wi t hcommunaldwel l i ngs ,t hi spr obl em was t r i edt obes ol vedi nt hef as t es tandmos teconomi calway . I fwet hi nkt hatt hewor ker swho mi gr at ed t ot heci t yatt hatt i mel i ved i nt he bar r acks ,i twasagoodi deat ogetar oom f or t hem i nacommunaldwel l i ng,butt hi sl i f es t yl e hasbecomeanel ementt hatf or cest hes oci et y overt i me. I ti swor t hment i oni ngt hatt hi sl i f es t yl e,whi ch i spr ovi ded by common us e of ki t chen,bat hr oom,t oi l etandt el ephone,i s

one oft he mos tcr eat i ve ar chi t ect ur ali deas devel opedbyt hes oci al i s tut opi an. Ther evi s edandunr es ol vedr es i dent i alhabi t s ofcommunaldwel l i ng l i vi ng s t andar dsNi ki t a Khr us hchev( 195364)wer ehandl eddi f f er ent l y and t he f amous Khr us hchevki apar t ment s began t o bui l d ata r api d pace. Thes es t r uct ur es ,whi ch wer e bui l tr api dl yf r om t he ci t y cent erand out war d,gave t he pos s i bi l i t yt o have t hei rown bat hr oomsand ki t chensi na ver ys mal lar ea.Eachdet ai loft hebui l tenvi r onmentwasr edes i gnedbya"mor epar t yor i ent ed"mi cr odi s t r i ct s( mi cr or egi ons )f or med byt hes es t r uct ur esi nt hewal l soft hegr owi ng ci t y ,r enami ng t heci t ybor der sofMos cow by t aki ngt henameofr ayonont heuppers cal e. The wor d "Mos cow i snotmade ofr ubber ", whi ch has been f r equent l y us ed s i nce t hi s per i od,i sagr owi ngci t yt hatcannotgr owf or ever . Whati shappeni ngt oday? I nMay2017,wi t ht hedeci s i ont akeni nMay , about8, 000Sovi et er ar es i dent i albui l di ngsi n Mos cow (equi val entt o 10% ofMos cow ' s bui l di ngs ) wer e col l aps ed and 1. 6 mi l l i on peopl er es i di ng i nt hes ehous eswer epl aced i n newl y bui l tapar t ment s . I ti st houghtt hat t hi sdeci s i on,whi chhasbeenpr ot es t i ngs i nce t hedayhascome,wi l lber eal i z ed. St at edi r ect eddes i gnandi mpl ement at i onof each i s s ue oft he bui l tenvi r onmentf or ces peopl et oadaptt odi f f er entl i f es t yl es .Att hi s poi nt ,ar chi t ect ur ehass eenamedi aappeali n or dert hatdi f f er enti deol ogi calel ement scan begat her edandadapt ed.Looki ngatt her evol ut i on f r om t hi spoi ntofvi ew,i ti sobvi ous t hateachi deol ogi calappr oachpr oducesdi f f er entar chi t ect ur alhous i ng t ypol ogi es ,and al t hough t hes et ypol ogi esar e cons i der ed as t he mos tappr opr i at e des i gn f ort he per i od, t heyar edef or medovert i meandcannotmeet t heexpect edf ut ur es cenar i o. The s t at e can or gani ze s oci alcons t r uct i on butcannotdes i gni t .

Ps ychohi s t or yi saf i ct i onals ci encef i ct i onr eveal ed byI s aacAs i mov .Thi ss chol aranal yz es t he ps ychol ogi cal mot i vat i ons of hi s t or i cal event sand at t empt st o ant i ci pat et he f ut ur e behavi orofmas s esbybr i ngi ng t oget herhi s t or y ,s oci ol ogy and mat hemat i cals t at i s t i cs . As i movexami nest hi sbr anch ofs ci ence t hat hasemer gedt hr oughHar iSel don,t hechi efof t he f oundat i on s er i es .Har iSel don i sa ps ychol ogi s t whos e l i f e i s dedi cat ed t o t hi s knowl edge.Us i ng hi sps ychohi s t or ydat a,he di s cover ed t hat t he Gal act i c Empi r e woul d col l aps ewi t hi nt hr eehundr ed year s ,and det er mi ned t hatt hi scol l aps ecoul d notbepr vent ed. Hedeci dest owr i t eagal act i cencycl opaedi at o pr eventt he f actt hatt he s ci ence andexper i encehehadaccumul at edunt i lt he year10, 000ar edes t r oyed.

Ps ychohi s t or yandAr chi t ect ur e Les s onsf r om t hepas tar edr aggi ngi nt oas pat i aler r oroft oday' sMos cow.Aseachnew i dea i s bui l tby br eaki ng down a pr evi ous one, ever yi mageoft hepas ti ss ubj ect edt oas candal ,and t hes ei mages ar e depr eci at ed and del et edf r om t hememor i es . Today ,Mos cow i sexpos ed t ot hedes t r uct i on ofval uesj us tasi thasbeeni nt hepas t .The capi t al i s twayofl i f et hati sdes i r ed t obeadopt edi st r yi ngt oer as et het r acesofcommuni s tl i f e.Thi sdes t r uct i on wi l ldr ag t he f ut ur e oft heci t yi nt oanewer aaf t erawhi l e,per haps del et i ngt oday' sdynami cst ol eavei t spl acei n anot herl i f es t yl et hati st o be adopt ed af t er f i f t yyear s. Att hi spoi nt ,t he abi l i t yoft he ci t yt o det er mi ne t he f ut ur e oft he ci t yi sbas ed on t he r eadi ng of a s t r ong i ndi vi dual s cal e pas t . Meet i ng t he pas tand l ear ni ng f r om i ti st he onl ywayt obui l dt hef ut ur e. 13

". . .We can al l evi at et he ef f ect soft hi scol l aps e bypr es er vi ng t he knowl edge t hatour r acespos s es s .The t ot alknowl edge ofmanki ndi sf arbeyondwhatoneorat hous andcan l ear n.The di s i nt egr at i on ofours oci alcons t r uct i on wi l ll ead t ot he di vi s i on ofs ci ence i nt o mi l l i onsofpi eces .Al t hough i ndi vi dual s can l ear n al otaboutt hes et i nypi eces ,t hey wi l lnotbeabl et omakeanybenef i tt ot hems el ves .Meani ngl es si nf or mat i on can notbe pas s ed on t ol at ergener at i ons ,gener at i ons wi l lbe was t ed ast heygo on.But ,i fwe can now pr epar eagi ants ummar yofal lourknowl edge,i twi l lneverdi s appear .Fut ur e gener a t i onswi l lbecons t r uct ed ont hebas i soft hi s knowl edge and wi l lnothave t o di s coverever yt hi ngagai n.Sot hewor koft hi r t yt hous and year swi l lonl yf i tt hous andsofyear s ." Thes peecht hatHar iSel dondef endedhi ms el f dur i ng hi st r i al , "The Foundat i on", I s aac As i mov The col l aps er ef er r ed t o byHar iSel don has beenexper i encedmanyt i mesi nt her ecentar chi t ect ur alhi s t or yofRus s i a,and i ti swai t i ng att hedoort ober epeat edver ys oon,nowadays ,whenMos cow' sar chi t ect ur alval uecompl exi si nhos pi t abl e. Al ar gepar toft heSovi et er a hous i ng cons t r uct i ons - t he s i z e of whi chcor r es pondst oal ar gerar eaont hemap t hant hecent erofMos cow -i sar ecal loft he des i r et ocr eat eanew Mos cow undert her ui n andt heSovi eti mpos edl i f es t yl enol ongert o ber emember ed. Vl adi mi rPut i n' ss peechi nt he pas tdayss ugges t st hatt hi sdemol i t i on wi l l s ol vet hepr obl em ofhous i ng,whi chhasbeen t r i edwi t hs ol ut i onsbuthasnotbeenachi eved s ucces s f ul l y .

Wi l lt hegoodpr obl em bes ol vedbybr eaki ng down t he pas t ?St al i n,Khr us hchev ,Br ez hnev andGor bachevmadeas i mi l arappr oacht or es ol vi ng ur ban pr obl ems ,and t hes es ol ut i ons wer edeci ded byamonopol yt obedes i gned and pr es ent ed t ot he f i nes tdet ai l . Al lt hes e s pat i al and s oci al s ol ut i ons have been s hor t l i vedi nt hes hadow ofpas tcal cul at i ons . Att hi spoi nt ,t r yi ngt obr i nga"s ol ut i on"may notwor k,buti tmay be t he f i r s ts t ep i na s t r ongf ut ur es cenar i o,j us tast heHar iSel don poi nt ed outi st o exami ne t he pas twel land under s t andwhyi tdoesnot . Ps ychoanal ys i sai mst o puta l adderon t he f ut ur ebyr eas s es s i ng al lt hes pat i alpr act i ces t hathave been des t r oyed i n Mos cow.Ever y dat a,exper i ence,f eel ,et c.accumul at edher e. t he s pecul at i on ofhow yourf ut ur e Mos cow wi l lbe s haped . Locat ed i n Mos cow' shi s t or i c Bas mannydi s t r i ct ,t hePs ychoanal yt i calFoundat i onkeepst r ackofal lnegat i veorpos i t i ve s pat i alexper i encest hathavebeenwi pedout f r om memor i esandbui l tupt hr oughoutMos cow' shi s t or y ,and ai mst o pas st hem on t o f ut ur egener at i ons . Thi si sal s o anexper i ment alpl acef orexi s t ence.Looki ngatt hehi s t or y ofnear byMos cow,i ti st he gr eat es ti ns pi r a t i onf ort hi si ns t i t ut i ont hatt heci t yi sagi ant s pace exper i ment .The Foundat i on ai ms t o pr es entMos cow' spas t ,pr es entandf ut ur ei na dr amat i cway ,whi chi si t smos ti mpor t antexper i ment . 15

Theps ychi at r yf oundat i oni sas pacel abor at or y ,af act or yandanar eaofexper i ence,andever yonei sopen. Per i scope Mos cow, whi ch wi l ls oon become a gi ant bui l di ng s i t e,i saper i s copet hatcanber ead onur bans cal eand wher eMos cow' schanges canbewi t nes s ed.I nMos cow,aci t yi nwhi chi t i snoteas yt of or m awhol ebet weent hebr oad s t r eet sandt hehi ghwal l soft heci t y ,t hi ss t r uct ur eai mst ocr eat eanat mos pher ei nwhi cht he ci t y can r ead,exami ne and change al lof Mos cow f r om i t s"l i vi ng quar t er s ".Per i s cope hasamechani s mt hatcanmovei ni t sownaxi s andai mst onotmi s sanyt hi ngi nt henameof t heci t yi nt hi sr es pect . Dr i l l Thi si st hepl acewher eMos cow' ss pat i aldr i l l i ng wasdone.The val uesher e ar et r yi ng t o cl ar i f y conf us i on exper i enced i n Mos cow, Mos cow s cr ut i nyher e. I nMos cow,wher et her e i ss er i ousdebat eaboutwhati spr es er vedand whats houl d notbe pr es er ved t oday,t hes e di s cus s i onsar ef ur t heradvanced her e,t r yi ng t oactwi t hacol l ect i vecons ci ous nes s .

Psychol ogi calLabor at or y Thi sl abor at or yai msatl ooki ngatt heps ychohi s t or yt heor y ofHar iSel don' s ar chi t ect ur e f r om t hear chi t ect ur alwi ndow andf ol l owst he pol i t i caland i deol ogi calagenda ofMos cow cl os el yand exami nest he pl acesi tpr oduces and pr oduces t hr oughout hi s t or yt o make f ut ur e concl us i onsand concl us i ons .Becaus e t hi si saf ut ur i s t i cl abor at or yf ort hef ut ur e,i t t r i est of i gur eouthow t hef ut ur ef i ndi ngswi l l have a r es pons e and r es pons ef r om s oci et y . Wi t ht hehel pofcomput er s ,mat hemat i calcal cul at i onspr edi ctwhatki ndofs paceswi l lar i s e i mmedi at el y af t er each di s cour s e, at t i t ude and s t ep ( i ns hor t ,anymovementt hathasan ef f ecton Mos cow)i nt hi ss pace ,whi ch has s uf f i ci entt echnol ogi calequi pment ,andt hes e s paces ar e pr oduced and di s cus s ed wi t ha r api dphys i calpr oduct i ont oolI tpr es ent ed. "I ti st hem ( ar chi t ect s )who under s t and ar chi t ect ur easadecor at i vear tr at hert hanmeans ofs at i s f yi ng mat er i alneedsofs ovi etpeopl e. I ti st hem who was t et he f unds of s ovi et peopl e on beaut y whi ch nobody needs ,i ns t eadofbui l di ngs i mpl er ,butmor e." Ni ki t aKhr us hchev ,1954 17

Forexampl e,accor di ng t ot heps ychol ogyof what Mos cow ar chi t ect ur e coul d t r ans f or m i nt o ( khr us hchevka) t hr ough t hi ss ent ence whi chNi ki t aKhr us hchevmadei nas peechhe madei n1954. Today ,s uchdi s cour s escont i nue t o exi s tand t hi st i me,t he pr edi ct abi l i t y of Mos cow' sur ban at mos pher e can be pr edi ct ed,r api dl ypr ot ot ypedanddi s cus s edoveri t . Physi calAr chi ve Each ur ban el ementt o be ar chi ved f ort he dat aobt ai ned f r om t he dr i l l i ng i skepti n ar chi ves wi t ht he s peci f i ed s cal es .Thi s wor ks l i ke a s pat i almemor ys t or e.The val uest hat ar edel et edanddes t r oyedar ecol l ect edher e, s ot hatt hel ayer eds t r uct ur et hatMos cowpos s es s esbutwhi ch can notbe r ead t odaybe comes a publ i cl y r ecogni z abl e s pace. The phys i calar chi ves pacehasnos peci f i cl i mi t ,i t s pr eadsl i ke an i nf ect i on i nt he whol es t r uct ur e,gr ows ,over f l ows .Each new f i ndi ng i s pr es ent ed i n an ecl ect i cf or m,ar t i cul at ed i n t hepr es enceoft heot her .Ar chi vals pacei san ar eaofexper i ence byi t snat ur e. Thi ski nd of per i s cope deal swi t ht he hi s t or yofwhatwe ar et r yi ngt os how t oday .

PL STI CI TY A hi ghdens i t ys l um j our neyt oMumbai ,I ndi a

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When we have a qui ck l ook att he dens es t pl acesonear t hbyt hes t at i s t i cs ,whatwes ee ar ef amousci t i esf orbei ng hi ghl ypopul at ed wi t ht hei r hi gh r i s er es i dent i al s and dens e ur banf abr i c.St at i s t i css howmeas ur abl eur ban dat a whi ch gener al l y cannoti ncl ude “i nf or mal ”dat a,whi chi sdet er mi nantwhatwecal l andunder s t andf r om dens i t y . To emphas i z e whati st he r ol e ofi nf or mali n t er msofci t i esand how i taf f ect sur ban pays ageandl i f el et ’ shaveabas i cdi agr am ofhow s et t l ement scanbef or medaccor di ngt opopul at i on,l and ar ea and dens i t ys t at i s t i cs .Di agr am bel ow s howshow woul di tbei fweus e f or maldat at o cr eat e an i mage oft he ci t i es Mumbai ,New Yor kandTokyo. I nt er es t i ngl ys t at i s t i cs ar e pr oved us r i ght aboutwhatwei magi neofTokyoandNewYor k buts eemsl i kei tdoes n’ tmat chwi t hMumbai . Chas i ng af t erhow Mumbaigotoverpopul at edonas mal lpi eceofl andandhow ci t yhave behavedt ot hi s ,Imett hewor l d’ sbi gges tand mos tpopul at ed s l um r i ghti nt he hear tof Mumbai :Dhar avi . Thi ss t udypur s uest he goalofs howi ng how “i nf or mal ” af f ect st he ci t y ,how i tr eact st o f or malandt r i est ohol davi ew ofhow s houl d weappr oacht oi nf or malt hati snol ongert he “ot her ”.

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DHARAVI

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MUMBAI ,I NDI A

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Kumhbar wada, t he pot t er y nagar ( nei ghbor hood)ofDhar av i ,namedaf t ert hec ommuni t yof pot t er s ,t heKumhbar swhomi gr at edf r om I ndi a’ s nor t hwes ti nt hel at e19th c ent ur y .Sc enesf r om ar oundt heKhumbar wada,t heGuj ar at ipot t er s ' di s t r i c t ,wi t ht hei ropenk i l nsi nt heal l ey s .The k i l ns , whi c hbur nc l ot hs c r aps , c aus emuc hai rpar t i c l epol l ut i on. Theguj ar at i pot t er sar eoneoft he or i gi nali nhabi t ant soft hear ea,andar eamong

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Dens i t yi n Dhar av ihasi t s “ YOUNEED TEA, pot ent i aloff ul l f i l l i ng t hei r SEL LTEA. ” needs i ns i de t he s l um. I Ther ei sanac t i v eec onomi - whatt heypr oduc e,andt he c al s t r uc t ur e i n Dhar av i . ec onomi ct ur nov erofDhar Not hi ngar oundbutwas t e av i s l um i sabouta nearDhar av i ,s l um dwel l er s bi l l i ondol l ar sanual l y .Ther e us et he was t e ar ound t o ar es l um dwel l er st hatr egupr oduc e t hei r needs .A l ar l ygoesonat r i pt oChi na man c ol l ec t spl as t i cwas t e f or bus i nes s .Peopl ev i s i t andt henc ut si ti nt os t r i ps Dhar av it obuyl eat herj ac k t o mak eabr oom,and he et swhi c hDhar av ii sf amous mak es money out of i t .f or !Dr amat i c al l y ,al loft hi s Dhar av idwel l er sc l ai mt hat pr ı duc t i on and ec onomy t heydo notbuyany t hi ng oc uur si nmax i mum 2s t or ey outoft hes l um,ev er ydai l y s hant i es .Peopl e pr oduc e, nec es s i t ypr oduc ti ss ome- s el l ,eat ,and s l eep i nt he how pr oduc edi nt hes l um. s ames pac e.Dhar av ii ss an I naddi t i ont ot hat ,Dhar av i ex ac tj ux t apos i t i onofpr uex por t s duc t i onanddai l yl i f e.

Atabar r elr ec y c l i ng bus i nes s ,wor k er spr oc es s bar r el sanddr ums .Theyr emov eoi l andc hemi c al s t ai nsi ns i det hebar r el s ,c l ear i ngt hem f orr eus e. Thewor k er sar ei ns er t i ngagl owi ngbul bi nt ot he bar r el s ,i nor dert os eeanyr emai ni ngs t ai ns .

I nagar mentf ac t or y ,about45empl oy eesf r om Ut t arPr ades hwor kl onghour s ,of t ens l eepi ngon t hef l oori nbet weens hi f t s . * Phot ogr aphyc r edi t :J onasBendi k s en“Dhar av i : Mumbai ’ sShadowCi t y *

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“TheDhar av iRedev el opmentPl an— c onc ei v ed byc ons ul t antMuk es h Meht a and bei ng i mpl ement edbyt heGov er nmentofMahar as ht r as t at e — env i s agesl ev el i ngt hi sener get i candpr oduc t i v epar tofMumbai andc onv er t i ngi ti nt oac ol l ec t i onofhi ghr i s ebui l di ngs ,wher es omeoft hec ur r entr es i dent swi l lbegi v enf r eeapar t ment s .The r emai ni ngl andwi l lbeus edf orhi ghendc ommer c i alandr es i dent i albui l di ngs . Onpaper ,t hepl anl ook sbeaut i f ul .Butpeopl ei n Dhar av iar enotc onv i nc ed.Theybel i ev et hepl an hasnotunder s t oodt henat ur eandr ealv al ueof Dhar av iandi t sr es i dent s .I thasonl yc ons i der ed t hev al ueoft hel andanddec i dedi ti st oov al uabl e t obewas t edonpoorpeopl e. Dhar av ir es i dent shav ebeenl ef twi t hno c hoi c e butt oadaptt oanunf ami l i arl i f e

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s t y l e.I ft hi smeantas mal ladj us t ment ,onec oul d j us t i f yi t .Butt henew f or m ofl i v i ngi na20s t or y hi ghr i s ewi l lf or c et hem t opaymor eeac hmont h, s i nc et hemai nt enanc ec os t sofhi ghr i s esex c eed whatr es i dent sc ur r ent l ys pendonhous i ng.Thes e c os t sbec omeunbear abl ewhenpeopl eear nj us t enought os ur v i v ei nabi gc i t y . Ev enwor s e,t hi snew,i mpos edl i f es t y l ewi l lk i l lal l t heent er pr i s est hatf l our i s ht odayi nDhar av i .Cur r ent l y ,peopl el i v eandwor ki nt hes ames pac e.I n t henewhous i ng,t hi swi l lnotbepos s i bl e. Theal t er nat i v esenv i s agedar es pac esappr opr i at e f orf or mal ,or gani z edi ndus t r y .Butent er pr i s esi n Dhar av iar ei nf or maland s mal l ,wor k i ng ont i ny mar gi ns .Suc hent er pr i s esc annots ur v i v ef or mal i z at i on. Ther ealal t er nat i v ei st ogi v er es i dent ss ec ur i t yof t enur eandl ett hem r edev el opDhar av i .Theyhav e i deas .I tc an happen onl yi fpeopl e ar ev al ued mor et hanr eales t at e. ” Kal panaShar ma( Aut hor ),Apr i l2009.

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Li v i ngCondi t i onsof13Compund > Ther ei san es t i mat ed onet oi l etf orev er y 1, 440 peopl e.Hous esdoesnothav et oi l et s wi t hi n.Peopl ei nDhar av ius epubl i ct oi l et swhi c hi sgener al l yanempt yhutwi t hnoi nf r as t r uc t ur e. >Onl y%24hav es af edr i nk i ngwat er , 15f ami l i es s har eonet apt hatwor k sf ort wohour saday . >T ox i c i t yl ev eli s3t i mest hel i mi t s . Theav er age l i f es pani sunder60y ear sol d,duet odi s eas e andheal t hc onc er ns .4, 000av er agedai l ydi pht her i aandt y phoi dc as ed. > Theav er agewagei sbet ween$12USD per day .Womenar enotal l owedt owor ki nf ac t or i es .Onaer agepeopl ewor k16hour saday .

13COMPUND,DHARAVI ’ S PLASTI CRECYCLI NG I NDUSTRY

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13Compundr ec y c l es was t eofMumbaibut notmany r ec ogni z et hatr ec y c l i ngi sani mpor t antt oc ons er v er es our c esr educ ec os tand f i ghtgl obalwar mi ng.I tac t ual l yi sas our c eofempl oy ementt oov erami l l i onpeopl e. >Londonr ec y c l es%25ofi t ’ swas t e. >I ndi ahasnowas t emanagementpol i c y . > Mumbaigener at es7, 025t onsofpl as t i cwas t e perday .

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>4, 000t onsofdai l ywas t eofMumbail ef tt oDenonarDumpy ar dwhi c hi sonl y6ki l omet eraway f r om Dhar av i . > Ov er10, 000s mal les t abl i s hmentt hatr ec y c l e, onl y1, 000oft hos ehav el i c enc es . Hous i ngdi agr am ont hel ef ts howshow anor di nar yhous ei sor gani z edi nDhar av i .Commonl yr ef er r edast he“t ool hous e”,t hes ehous esc anac c omodat emanyac t i v i t i esi naf ewar ea.

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Sor t edpl as t i cwas t et hent hr owni nt ot hes hr edder . Thepl as t i cs hr edderi ss eenont hel ef tofTheRec y c l er ,wi t hac onc r et ec aps hr edst hepl as t i cwas t ei nt o pl as t i cpel l et s . Thr ownpl as t i cwas t ei ss hr eddedandf al l si nt ot he was hi ngpool .Her ei nt hepool ,pel l et sar ewas hed andanyex t r a/ unwant edpi ec es uc hasamet all ef t ov eri ss epar at edf r om t her es t . Was hedpel l et sar et r ans por t edt oadr y erwher epel l et sar edr i ed. Dr i edpel l et sar et hens entt ot heex t r us i onmac hi ne wi t hapi pewher epel l et sar et ur ni nt opl as t i cgr anul es byheat i ng. Out putgr anul esar er eadyt obes haped! Gr anul esar et r ans f er edt ot hemol di ngmac hi ne.Thi s mac hi negi v espl as t i canys hapedes i r ed.I nt hi sc as e, weas s umet hatmol di ngmac hi newi l l mol dapi ec eof pl as t i cpl at ewi t hat hi c k nes s . Thi spl at ei st hens entt oCNC mac hi neandc uti nt o manys hapest hatc anbeber i ngt oget hert of or ma bui l di ng mat er i al ,abeam ormay be j us tas i mpl e t abl e? Gr anul esar eal s oc anbet ur nedi nt of i l ament sus ed f or3D pr i nt erf ors mal l eranddet ai l edf or mst obe us eds uc hasj oi nt set c .

THERECYCLER

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Pl as t i cRec y c l i ng Pr oc es si ns i det he “Rec y c l er ”

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THE MENTOR The“Ment hor ”s er v esasanur s er yandar ec r eat i ons pac e.Oneoft hemos ti mpor t edi s s ues i nDhar av ii st hatwomenc an’ twor kbec aus e t heyhav et ol ookaf t ert hei ri nf ant sast her ei s nopl ac ef orpr es c hoolk i dst ogoands pend t i meandt ak enc ar e.Ment hor ’ snur s er yhel ps woment ol eav et hei rc hi l dr enandwor k . On t he s ec ond f l oort her ei sa l i br ar yf or s c hool dk i dst os t udyandgr ownupst os pend s omet i me. Apar tf r om t heWas herandRec y c l er ,Ment hor i sdes i gnedt ogi v ear es pons et oc ommuni t i es s oc i alneeds .