CONTENTS
PREFACE............................................................................................. iv © 2021 National Collaborating Centre for Indigenous Health (NCCIH). This publication was funded by the NCCIH and made possible through a financial contribution from the Public Health Agency of Canada. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent the views of the Public Health Agency of Canada.
Une version française est également publiée sur le site ccnsa.ca, sous le titre : Il n’y a pas de vaccin contre la stigmatisation : un examen rapide des données probantes sur les stratégies d’atténuation de la stigmatisation pendant les éclosions dans les populations autochtones vivant dans des régions rurales, éloignées et du Nord du Canada et les leçons à en tirer pour la COVID-19
Guided by the National Collaborating Centre of Methods and Tools Rapid Review Guide (Dobbins, 2017), this rapid review seeks to answer the question, “What are the best practices for preventing and mitigating COVID-19 related stigma in Indigenous rural, remote and northern communities within Canada?” The paper synthesizes information from 25 papers that explored stigma mitigation strategies used by Indigenous communities during past infection disease outbreaks and factors that need to be considered when undertaking such strategies within rural, remote, northern and Indigenous contexts.
Citation: Ward, V. and MacDonald, J. (2021). There is no vaccine for stigma: A Rapid Evidence Review of stigma mitigation strategies during past outbreaks among Indigenous populations living in rural, remote and northern regions of Canada and what can be learned for COVID-19. Prince George, BC: National Collaborating Centre for Indigenous Health.
KEY MESSAGES............................................................................... 1
For further information or to obtain additional copies, please contact:
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY............................................................... 4
The National Collaborating Centre for Indigenous Health (NCCIH) 3333 University Way Prince George, BC, V2N 4Z9 Tel: 250 960 5250 Fax: 250 960 5644 Email: nccih@unbc.ca Web: nccih.ca
INTRODUCTION............................................................................. 5 CURRENT KNOWLEDGE............................................................ 6 What is stigma? ......................................................................................6 Stigma and health outcomes ........................................................7 Setting the context: a history of colonization......................8 Historical trauma, pandemics, and COVID-19 .....................8
ISBN (Print): 978-1-77368-301-0 ISBN (Online): 978-1-77368-300-3 Download publications at nccih.ca/34/Publication_Search.nccih
SYNTHESIS OF FINDINGS.......................................................11 Pathogen factors ................................................................................11 Fear, anxiety and misinformation .............................................11 Structural and systemic drivers...................................................14 Culture........................................................................................................15 Public health measures....................................................................18
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IMPLICATIONS AND CONCLUSIONS................................20 Limitations ..............................................................................................21
REFERENCES...................................................................................23 APPENDIX 1: LITERATURE SEARCH ................................29 Results of the search ........................................................................30
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