Nelson Marlborough Farming April 2021 by Top South Media

15,500 copies distributed monthly – to every rural delivery & P.O. mailbox in Nelson, Marlborough & The West Coast. April 2021

INSIDE Marlborough Federated Farmers Report pg 5 Garrick Batten Defrags the Industry pg 7 Golden Bay Federated Farmers Report pg 9 Risks to Land in the Planning Framework Anna Bensemann pg 13 Carbon Positive Farming Peter Burton pg 14

Flaxbourne A&P Show After a Covid enforced break last year the A and P Show season was back on Sunday 28 March in the small Ward community. Huge community support was evident with the volunteers and organisers helping to outcomes polished show on a warm and windy day. With the horse events taking centre stage on the main ring the terrier race was a real crowd pleaser as was the Flaxbourne Iron man challenge held at the end of the day with crosscut saw, bike powered shearing and wool bale rolling testing the 6 teams. Trade displays and community stalls all contributed to a great day out for Marlborough families. Thanks to Joe Blakiston for the pic and story

Wellbeing support package unveiled for horticulture sector

Climate Change topical issue By Stuart Smith MP Climate Change is fast becoming a topical issue amongst many of the farming community. However, from the large number of farmers I have spoken to they are open to transitional change, so long as their lifestyle is not greatly affected too quickly. The Climate Commission was created following bi-partisan support across the 52nd Parliament. The National Party wanted to commit New Zealand to the target of net-zero emissions by 2050, and hence the Commission was created to provide Parliament with independent and sound recommendations. Since the Climate Commission released their draft report, the National Party have been underwhelmed.

The entire point of the Commission was to provide us with policy recommendations, which would reach our targets, but that would also have sufficient economic analysis alongside them. We have yet to see any sufficient economic modelling or costs associated with the policies they have recommended. Farmers need to see this information. They need to understand what is going on, and how Government policy will affect them. Our leader Judith Collins has said openly, that in order for us to support the Commission’s report we need to see the costings. We have a wonderful, market-driven vehicle that is able to deliver a net-zero target called the Emissions Trading Scheme (ETS). In fact, the Commissions own report suggests that the ETS can deliver us netzero emissions in 2050 through a carbon price of $50. Therefore, it begs the question, why do we need these nanny-state policies to dictate what we can and can’t do when the ETS can deliver the results we need. Farmers need the Commission to front up with their numbers, tell us the advantages and disadvantages of each policy they give, so that not only Parliament can understand the policy prescription but also so that everyday New Zealanders know what they’re getting themselves into.

Hon Damien O’Connor Agriculture Minister Damien O’Connor has announced the rollout of a wellbeing support package for fruit growers facing tough times. “I understand it’s challenging at the moment. The pandemic has led to national workforce issues and orchardists down south have suffered crop losses caused by weather events. “This package significantly boosts funding and resources to support affected growers and their staff,” Damien O’Connor said. Events and workshops focusing on the importance of mental wellness are expected to kick-off in April and are planned for the Gisborne, Hawke’s Bay, Tasman and Central Otago regions.

The support package will include a workplace-based wellbeing training programme, which will initially be offered in the Hawke’s Bay. It is one of the regions where Covid-19 has made it harder for growers to find orchard and pack house staff. The package is a joint initiative between Government and industry. The Ministry for Primary Industries (MPI) and the Ministry of Social Development (MSD) will contribute almost $350,000. New Zealand Apples and Pears chief executive Alan Pollard said it will build on work already being done to boost training and development to help growers attract, recruit and retain staff.

“Many of our members are under considerable stress and we all need to look out for each other. This comprehensive package of workshops, training and events will greatly assist with that,” Alan Pollard said. The support package is part of a raft of measures being funded to help address labour challenges across the horticulture sector. Damien O’Connor said there is a big focus on connecting people looking for work with roles that need to be filled. “Last year, I launched O p p o r t u n i t y G r ow s Here – a campaign funded through Budget 2020, to attract 10,000 New Zealanders into food and fibre jobs over four years. I’m pleased that to date 3,121 people have gained employment as a result of promotional campaigns, training courses and connections provided through MPI’s regional liaison service.” MPI has funded a free online course to provide job seekers with the credentials they need, such as health and safety and phytosanitary training, to be able to work in the horticulture sector. “Rural Support Trusts are also there to help rural people with wellbeing support during tough times. The Trusts work alongside communities and are well placed to deliver confidential one-onone support,” Damien O’Connor said.

April 2021

Marlborough Federated Farmers Report Several farmers at the monthly meeting of Marlborough Federated Farmers called on the Marlborough District Council to tell government to back off over stringent rules involving freshwater. Present were councillors Francis Maher and Barbara Faulls and council staff Jamie Clark, Matt Oliver and Peter Hamill. Waihopai farmer Aiden Mackenzie was one calling for stronger council advocacy. “It seems like council has sat down on their hands and accepted government demands., Council should be sending a delegation to government,” he said. But councillor Francis Maher did not agree, “You’ve got to have faith in the system,” he responded. “Banging on Parliament’s doors is not the way to get results. On the Marlborough District Council committee dealing with this, are three rural councillors.” Councillor Barbara Faulls said farmers should come to council meetings and hear rural councillors advocating on behalf of farmers. President Phillip Neal in his president’s report said a council report, recommending that the monitoring and

compliance of freshwater charges be paid 100% by farmers would especially adversely and unfairly affect pastoral farmers. He said the executive of Marlborough Federated Farmers decided to take a stand, a special meeting was called and a media statement was prepared and sent to the local media for release. This press release ended up as an opinion article with his name attached to it. Some of the content of the article has been printed by “Farmers Weekly” and resulted in an interview with Radio Magic’s Rural Programme. Phillip Neal urged all members to make submissions outlining in your concerns about the “unjust double dipping” being carried out by local government. “Use personal examples and cost to your families, to give those in power a peek into the working life of ‘real’ Marlborough farmers,” he said. Southland Protests Another speaker pointed to Southland where protests have been strong with 100 tractors at a rally in the town of Gore with an audience addressed by protest organisers Laurie Paterson and Bryce McKenzie, and Gore

Twelve months has passed since we all had the news of the 2020 Covid lockdown and it seems like yesterday but also an eternity ago. Maybe that’s an age thing catching up with me! So much has happened in Tasman, New Zealand and the World and I am pleased that when all it is added up New Zealand is still the envy of the world for the way we have got through. You only have to look at the number of people out on mountain bikes out in the Nelson region at the moment to realise that kiwis are making the most of having our country back for ourselves. This is a great thing and to make the most of it – I’m sure local builders and car dealers have the same sentiment as many people look to spend money on their properties and vehicles instead of overseas travel. It will not last, and tourism will be back so enjoy Aotearoa… I for one will be getting a Covid vaccine as soon as it is my turn and I see that as a vital contribution to us all getting back to normality on the national and international stage. It has been a very busy month waiting for it to rain – while also wanting it to stay dry for the grape harvest here in Marlborough – it has proved a challenging

mayor Tracy Hicks. When members of the audience were given the opportunity to speak, one Waikaka farmer encouraged farmers to be united in ignoring the reforms. Government came in for criticism too. Rapaura farmer Alister Campbell said watching Parliament on television showed the mediocre calibre of MPs and debate. “These are the people who debate and pass laws like this,” he said. “We’re dealing with woolly woofter bureaucrats in Wellington,” said another farmer. Northbank farmer and Marlborough Federated Farmers vice president, Scott Adams said the way Parliament was passing laws without adequate proper public scrutiny was like a state dictatorship. “It’s heading towards a communistic approach with commissars coming out to inspect farms with farmers footing the bill,” he said. “It’s heading to a collective style of farming.” The views of dealing with Wellington bureaucrats and M.Ps got some sympathy from council. MDC soil scientist Matt Oliver said city bound people were sometimes without knowledge of rural realities. “Meeting some

of these Wellington people who probably have never got their hands dirty in soil is challenging,” he said. “On the other hand, farmers are invariably practical people.” Scott Adams said there were always the odd “bad egg” in any system. However, the big majority of farmers were environmentally responsible and complied. MDC’s Matt Oliver agreed and said 97% of Marlborough farmers complied, whereas their regions had much less compliance. Early in the meeting Scott Adams criticised the manner in which farmers were confronted with the demands of the new freshwater rules. “The article in the paper announcing $155 an hour charge for inspections blindsided us. It was poor PR by Council. Farmers understandably were annoyed and even angry.” Councillor Barbara Faulls acknowledged MDC communication could have been better. MDC Compliance officer Jamie Clark said he was present to explain but urged farmers to make submissions that closed towards the end of March. Meanwhile Federated Farmers NZ has encouraged Marlborough Fed-

year with yields well down due to frosts and poor flowering weather – but harvest is largely complete and now it can rain as much as it likes as the Marlborough district is parched. The buoyant Real estate industry is the buzz word /cannon fodder of the news media at present and we are certainly desperate for listing, so Rural Lifestyle, Forestry, Dairy or Horticulture give our team a call. On a sad note, I would like to pay tribute to recently retired Marlborough PGGW stock agent Graeme Melton, “Melty,” who passed away in March after a very short illness. Graeme was a stalwart of the stock and station industry and was well known to many in the rural world across New Zealand. 50 years unbroken service in PGGWrightson was a great achievement and his untimely passing is a real lesson to us all to make the most of every day and cherish the time where you enjoy good health and the company of family and close friends and acquaintances; and like Melty – always be smiling and have a good word for people and show you care. Melty will be missed by us all. Have a great month and work safely. Joe Blakiston 0274344069

Tony Orman

erated Farmers to make submissions. In a letter FFNZ explained the relevant regulation states that a local authority may charge for monitoring permitted activities. However, “this is not a requirement; it is just an option. It is not suggested in the Regulations that all activities should face such charges.” Councillor Francis Maher was challenged by President Phillip Neal as to whether he would make a submission as a farmer against the new rules and proposed council charges. “I have to see if it is proper for me as a councillor,” he replied. Aiden McKenzie said, “Of course you can make a submission. We expect you as our rural councillor to do so. You’re a farmer, you’re a councillor and also an individual with democratic rights.” Land Tax In his president’s monthly report Phillip Neal predicted the proposed freshwater charges will be the first of many battles in this year. In two months’ time we will need to make submissions that consider the increased rate hike the Marlborough District Council are proposing. “This archaic rating

system is unfair to farmers, severely attacking their bottom line. Our rates are effectively a land tax on farm property. What Federation Farmers has and is trying to do, is to change the rating system for farmers, to a fairer one in the future.” Covid 19 Phillip Neal had strong criticism of Government and its Covid19 response. “The Covid 19 response of government - it is still making the same mistakes and border blunders it made a year ago. Keep doing the same thing and expecting a different outcome is the definition of insanity,” he said. “Prior to the Covid epidemic, New Zealand had two golden eggs in its economic basket i.e., exporting primary produce and importing foreign tourists. Now we have only one golden egg in the economic basket and the government seems hellbent on shooting the goose that lays that other golden egg”. Climate Change The Climate Change Commission also came in for scrutiny. Phillip Neal said the Commission needs to stop attacking CO2 for warming up our world. “CO2

happens to be a very important building block for sustaining life on earth. In medieval times, that is the 12th and 13th century, the climate was warmer than it is at present and there was an abundance of plant growth and crop yield. What heated up our world back then? Look to the sky’s and observe that big yellow ball, the main influencer of earth’s climate.” Future Battles Phillip Neal warned over the coming months and years, farmers and primary producers together, will have many battles to fight. “We won’t win them all, perhaps we will win only a few, but unless all primary producers including farmers unite and support each other and also organisations representing farmers, we will be ‘stuffed’ and New Zealand as a whole will - in my opinion - go down the gurgler. We need to look after ‘our abundant New Zealand’ and so provide a better future for our children and grandchildren,” he said.

Defrag the Industry – Why? Garrick Batten

There are increasing threats to agriculture’s efficiency and future. A major threat is politically driven by urban Auckland’s voting strength, perhaps based on Lange describing a sunset industry. But agriculture has a strong position, lauded by a self-congratulatory government for burgeoning exports, yet the Minister still urging it to help reboot the economy to climb from the heavy borrowing hole. Surely the industry has realised the need to first defrag, and be accepted publicly as one clear industry voice, and not fragmented rural voices driven by specific interest and played off politically. The country needs to unite for cooperation to fight Covid-19 and climate change. But GHGe, Freshwater and Biodiversity legislation is having the opposite effect on landowners, whose cooperation is needed. Using policy to drive behaviour is counterproductive, and the Dairy NZ survey showed political igno-

rance of farmers’ outlook and mental state reflecting that. The problem for all challenges is the way bureaucrats are advising political masters about how to handle agriculture, environmental and climate change issues, and how to handle Covid-19 even though pandemic immediacy has hidden the former. Avoiding making a mistake and not pursuing an opportunity are clear from the indecision about nasal swapping, not wearing masks and tracking systems. Like not admitting that farmers could know more about land and environmental use than them or their lobby group influencers, and one size does not fit all. Government policy approach is top-down, developed by bureaucrats with limited farming knowledge in a burst of centralised government direction on what must be done. Environmental policy advisers ignore autonomy and expertise of farmers’ practicability, workability and man-

agement of their own land. A specific example is widespread promotion of pine planting with loss of farmland, rural road costs, slash blocking rivers, silting, no carbon offset after harvest, windthrow of timber clones after maturity, reduced water yield in catchments, and adverse effect on communities and farmer well-being when government cannot handle existing mental health challenges. Add risk of corporate ownership fragility. Farmers are dealing constantly with unknowns and face daily decisions in a range of options, actions and problems with varying results. Their industry has a huge range of topics needing industry input without duplication of advocacy costs. Even with common interests and challenges, a public view is of multiple sector organisations working to achieve cooperation and slowly failing. Media are constantly negative, and minority groups are having more say imposing their

will, bolstered by echochamber social media opinions and incomplete knowledge and understanding. There are many other signs that seem to have been ignored or unseen in handling increasing complexity with strangled resources. Farming organisations and their industry activities fund those from levies and fees from members. They are constantly challenged by government that also funds such as EDA, or by nonfarming groups that think they know more, do not recognise negatives of their demands, and would object if farmers attempted to dictate their lives and businesses. See next month for suggestions. Garrick Batten, Brightwater, writes on rural topics from a lifetime professional and practical career l o c a l l y, n a t i o n a l l y and internationally. w w w. r u r a l s c r i b e . wordpress.com

April 2021

Chemical appliers best to drift into this workshop Rural Contractors NZ CEO Roger Parton Anyone using agrichemicals in Nelson Marlborough and West Coast as part of their job is being invited to attend an update session in Nelson in May. The ‘Agrichemical Afternoons’ bring together speakers from Rural Contractors NZ, Growsafe, Responsible Care NZ and Nufarm. Rural Contractors NZ CEO Roger Parton says the three 45-minute workshops are designed to assist Registered Chemical Applicators, Certified Handlers and Qualified Contractors. “We have been running these afternoon sessions for many years as an easy way for those working with agrichemicals to stay abreast of legislative and registration requirements, best practice models for storing and handling chemicals as well as spraying risks.’’ Those who attend are eligible for three Continuing Professional Development points – 10 points a r e r e q u i r e d ove r five years to renew Registered Chemical Applicator accreditation. Other speakers include Jane Lamb, who is General Manager of NZ Agrichemical Education Trust (Growsafe) and Ken Clarke, Compliance Manager of Responsible Care NZ which represents most major New Zealand manufacturers and importers of hazardous substances. A Nufarm representative also talks on the challenges facing contractors. The Agrichemical Afternoon for top of South and West Coast contractors is being held at Nelson’s Quality Hotel from 2-5pm on Thursday May 20. The cost is only $25 per person –n register at www.ruralcontractors.org.nz Following the agrichemical session, a 1.5 hour r o a d s h ow w i l l b e h e l d for Rural Contractors NZ members to update them on issues including the recruitment of short-term workers from offshore, changes to immigration policies and transport and employment legislation. Contact: Brendon Burns Rural Contractors NZ Communications 0274 305501

Golden Bay Federated Farmers Report March 25th 2021 marked a year since the beginning of the Covid 19 lockdown and members of Federated Farmers were asked to think of those essential workers who helped New Zealand get through, and to thank them. While farmers themselves were

essential workers, providing food and caring for animals, our work could not have been completed without such others as vets, fertiliser spreaders, meat processors, delivery truck drivers, healthcare professionals and so forth. I know that New Zealand-

ers across the country have been appreciating the freedoms we now have because of the action we all took. Federated Farmers Dairy Council Report This national Council met in February in Wellington. The agenda covered the environment, climate, water, animal welfare, bobbies, farm succession and new technologies. Representatives from various Government Ministries, Fonterra and DairyNZ, along with the Hon Damien O’Connor, spoke. In his opening address, Dairy Chairperson Wayne Langford spoke of the new era ahead for NZ dairy, which would see the sector go from volume and velocity to quality and value. “Our environmental efforts over the last 10 years will begin to pay dividends, the discussions on farm are moving away from the basics of fencing waterways and effluent ponds (which were all

costs), now into nutrient management and precision placement of water. All things set to drive efficiency and profitability. We may just be what some would call Fit for a Better World,” he said. Climate Change Commission – Rod Carr (Commission Chair) and Nicola Shadbolt (Commissioner) both spoke at the meeting. The Council heard about the emphasis that is being placed on the split gas approach (the difference between long lived gases such as carbon dioxide and biological gasses such as methane) and the importance of farmers knowing their Green House Gas numbers. Fonterra already calculates this for their suppliers in October each year and farmers are encouraged to pull out this Environmental Report and really try and understand the drivers behind the numbers. The Commission was very keen to point out that they did not recom-

mend a 15% reduction in stock numbers. This was a conclusion drawn in the report only after assuming all other recommendations were adopted. Fresh Water Regulations – Bryan Smith, from the Ministry for the Environment, gave us an update on the freshwater regulations. There was good robust conversation around the practicality of some of the requirements. Bryan assured the room that there is no directed timeline for things such as the DIN (Dissolved Inorganic Nitrogen) number, but local councils need to demonstrate a plan for moving towards the number. We discussed at great length the Fresh Water Plans and what they would need to include (section 9A of the RMA lays it out). These Plans will form part of the Integrated Farm Plans. Locally Water Conservation Order

Federated Farmers Golden Bay is in the midst of an appeal process for a Water Conservation Order for Te Waikoropupu Springs which is now in mediation. Federated Farmers has provided legal and policy support to this process which has seen slow but steady progress being made. Valuable relationships are forming and understanding of differing viewpoints continues alongside the need for quality scientific data and it’s analysis by those qualified to provide it. Health & Safety Pax Leetch, the Meat & Wool Chairperson for the province has a few salient points to make with regards to being prepared. He suffered an accident that has left him laid up for a few more weeks yet, and his advice is to: Make sure you have a reliable source of communication Get an emergency locator beacon

Take them with you! It could be the difference between life and death. Overall 2021 sees Federated Farmers in Golden Bay continuing to build on the relationships fostered to date to enhance the understanding and value of farming in our community and within our environmental constraints. Contracts Last year Federated Farmers updated the Contract for Contract Milking. It now includes a Guaranteed Minimum Return (GMR) which requires both parties to develop a detailed and accurate budget before signing the agreement. The GMR will only be triggered if the actual income less the agreed budgeted Contractor costs fall to or below the GMR percentage agreed by the production calculator. The agreed budgeted costs can be reviewed at any time. The GMR does not replace the importance of due diligence before signing a contract milking agreement and highlights the need to fill in the contract in its entirety. This does take time, but is important. Ring Federated Farmers (0800 327 646) for new Contracts and advice. AGM The Federated Farmers Golden Bay AGM will be held on Wednesday 21 April 2021, at the Old School Café, Pakawau, starting at 6pm. Please RSVP by 18 April (but now is excellent) to goldenbayfederatedfarmers@gmail.com. Ann Thompson Executive Member, Federated Farmers Golden Bay

April 2021

Inter row cover cropping allows us to benefit from nature

Article supplied by OsGro Seed Services

Inter row cover crops or break crops are becoming the normal in the horticultural/ viticultural sectors. 10 years ago, it was only the organic growers that were planting inter row mixes, now a large number of mainstream growers are heading down this way. Cover crops can have a huge number of benefits such as increasing organic matter, improving soil structure and increasing nutrient cycling and many more which ultimately leads to increased yields. We now understand by planting a mixture of certain species we can work with nature and develop a more sustainable long-term system. The question is what to plant? Some species are suited to Autumn sowing others to the Spring. Ultimately what species to plant comes down to what you are actually trying to achieve and your current situation. So once again no one size fits all.

Our base autumn interrow mix is our bio builder Blue Lupins @ 20 kg per ha Tick beans @ 20 kg per ha Oats @ 40 kg per ha Tares @ 30 kg per ha Mustard @ 2 kg per ha Tillage Radish @ 1 kg per ha This is a short-term mix that can be customised on your vineyard/orchard or gardens requirements and can either be cultivated back in, in the Spring or crimp rolled. This mix aims to bio soil organic matter, add natural nitrogen and improve soil structure. Our base Spring pollinator mix Phacelia @ 1.25 kg per ha Mustard @ 2 kg per ha Tillage Radish @ 2.5 kg per ha Buckwheat @ 10 kg per ha

Borage @ 3 kg per ha Vetch @ 20 kg per ha Alyssum @ 50 grams Crimson Clover @ 2 kg per ha The idea of this mix is to attract as many beneficial insects as possible into the area. The key behind both of the mixes is having plant diversity, some species will thrive in certain environments other will not, nature has natural plant diversity. It’s up to the individual how far you want to go, one grower has a mix of 42 different species, including carrots and spinach, this is right out there on the spectrum, most growers are not quite this extreme but still have a diverse mix to help nature help their system. To discuss you cover crop requirements, please feel free to contact me on 027 263 9885. Jeremy Oswald

Small crop early harvest Andrew Ritchie

Hen and chicks in pinot noir due to prolonged flowering Winegrowers in Marlborough are reporting grape tonnages 20% to 50% down from previous years and are attributing this to wet cold weather in November prolonging the flowering period. Contractor Brian Wells of Practical Vineyard Solutions says, at this stage he has had two weeks of harvesting. “Crops are much lighter but superb quality apart from much of the pinot noir which is suffering from uneven ripening due to the length of the flowering period. Many wineries may be finished harvest early before the end of March.” Uneven ripening is known as ‘hen and chicks’ where there are overripe grapes on the bunch as well as unripe

grapes and small green grapes. The demand for lower alcohol wines has meant some wineries are harvesting at lower brix levels than previous years. The scramble for grapes has resulted in wineries paying more per tonne to growers. The lack of RSE workers due to government regulations around Covid 19 has also had implications for the horticultural industry as well as the grape industry. Costs throughout are on the rise. One contractor spoken to says he will be training workers who normally do summer work to perform winter tasks such as pruning. Another contractor says he has less than 50% of RSE workers on his books. He has been attempting to make up the difference by employing kiwi backpackers who would normally be going on their OE. He has also formed worker sharing partnerships with contractors in other parts of the country who employ staff in the kiwi fruit, apple and asparagus industries by giving them the opportunity to learn new skills. Unfortunately the apple industry alone is expected to have losses in income from $100 million to $200 million due to the shortage of labour and crop losses due to hail in the Nelson area. The increase in the minimum wage and other incentives such as free transport, accommodation supplements and a labour shortage will mean a substantial rise in the cost of pruning in the vineyards. The increase in the price of a tonne of grapes is unlikely to compensate, particularly when coupled with the lower yields. The 2020/21 growing season will be long remembered for many reasons.

April 2021

Risks to land in the planning framework Anna Bensemann, Senior Planner, Baseline Group Marlborough, Phone 03 578 7299, Email anna@blg.nz

With the RMA under scrutiny lately and a new planning framework for managing risks to land being integrated over the next two years, it’s a good time to consider the potential environmental risks to your land and how you might best manage them. Identifying the challenges likely to emerge from a new planning framework can set you up to respond to changes in a pragmatic and forward thinking manner, using this platform as a catalyst for innovation and change in your business model. Science predictions and recent history outlines that we are likely to experience greater climate extremes, placing pressure on land along the coastline, and adjacent to waterways. Ensuring you understand the extent of flood prone areas and potential restrictions on the use of these areas will ensure you can plan for a resilient farm. Perhaps you need to think about when you have stock in paddocks, with stock on higher ground during the winter months. Greater climate extreme and associated weather events also mean the potential for dryer periods during the summer months, and reduced access to water to service your farming needs. Preparing for climate extremes through stock water storage ensures you are in a better position to provide for a resilient farm model through dry periods. Farmers have always adopted a number eight wire approach to farming in New Zealand, to ensure that they are resilient in the face of pioneering challenges, and our approach to managing the emerging climate extreme challenge is no different.

The reality is that government authorities at, local, regional and national level will be imposing policy directions that challenge the farming bottom line in order to achieve positive long term gains in climate change and environmental enhancement spaces. As an industry the farming community has an opportunity to take the lead on the conversation around managing the impeding climate extremes issue, and finding palatable solutions, prior to enforcement. While the horse may have bolted prior to these conversations on freshwater management, with government imposed national environmental standards and policies around freshwater already in place, the conversation around the balance of farming activities is yet to be had. Our views on climate change, be them supportive or skeptical doesn’t change the fact that restrictions on how we use our land and water resources will be imposed. The opportunity lies in how we seek to engage in the conversations, the value of our voice to demonstrate the most appropriate way forward that provides for the agricultural sectors social, cultural and economic wellbeing, while achieving sustainable management of our key resources including our land, air, water and soils. Without farmers engaging in the conversations with our plan makers and our decision makers over what limitations and practical expectations they can have for the management of the land resource, decision makers will consistently make decisions that do not sit comfortably with our farming communities.

Mixed species trial results outstanding

Why denying the obvious won’t work

Andrew Ritchie Kiwi Seed have recently received outstanding dry matter results over a twelve month period from a mixed species pasture grazing trial in Opunake in Southern Taranaki. The first year of establishment of the pasture has resulted in an average of 2750 kgs of dry matter per hectare per month amounting to over 30 tonnes of dry matter per hectare per year. Bruce Clark of Kiwi Seed who has been developing seed mixtures for dryland conditions for many years credits this achievement to the fact that each month there is some species experiencing a surge in production. For example, in the winter grasses such as Uplands cocksfoot and Matua prairie grass become active. The perennial pasture does not contain any ryegrass which tends to have shallower roots but is replaced with longer rooted species of grass, herbs and clovers that are able to access the moisture and nitrogen from deeper down. The nitrogen provided by the clovers also assists with the palatability of the grass varieties. IrrigationNZ estimates the average 220ha farm in Canterbury to have irrigation costs of $24000 to $29000 per annum. Plant varieties that can source moisture from lower down in the soil profile could be advantageous. In July 2021 a nitrogen cap of 190kgs/N/year is due to be introduced. Currently the average Canterbury farm applies 234 kgs/N so will have to decrease the application rate by approximately 20%. Legumes such as clover have the ability to produce upwards of 30 kgs of N per tonne of dry matter/year, according to Lincoln University trials. The reduction in the production of methane gas is another problem for graziers in our climate change environment. Bruce Clark advocates the use of Arrowleaf clover in the mix as it is high in tannins. Local farmers in Marlborough have reported that they have had no incidences of bloat when grazed on pastures containing Arrowleaf clover. Bruce maintains mixed species have an important place in pastoral farming where summer dry limits production over the growing period, and plants respond when rain finally arrives. Planting of mixed species cover crops is a practice now being employed in many Marlborough vineyards, something that our farming grandfathers did in days of yore. Fertiliser inputs are reduced as well as soil erosion, compaction, weed competition, plus the added benefit of moisture retention by the addition of organic matter. For the most successful outcome Bruce suggests that crops are sown in the autumn to make use of the soil moisture and lack of evaporation that is prevalent at that time of year.

Shown is a recently taken photograph of a Functional Fertiliser client’s property from 2,500ft. The move to organic certification was made in March 2013 with all required nutrients applied annually. Without accurate rainfall data it’s not possible to know whether it has been drier or wetter than normal recently, however what is important is the difference in colour between the property and neighbours. The farm is situated close to Forest Lakes just north of Otaki, an area where locals enjoy walking and over the last 10 years the owner has received many compliments and often been asked the question, “why is your place so much greener than the neighbours?” Under the current conventional model of excessive water-soluble nutrient propped up by unsustainable synthetic N applications many farmers will not survive the coming crisis. Carbon positive and high levels of pasture and animal production are compatible however will only be achieved when the current models are dismantled. The new system will be based on the awareness and understanding of the interconnectedness of soil, plant, ani-

mal, and human health. Soils are the basis of the new paradigm and until there is a focus on creating healthy biologically active soils that necessarily grow more feed of higher quality, there will be a continued reduction in farm profitability. The models used to j u s t i f y t h e ex i s t i n g growing systems have a flaw. That flaw is calculating plant protein by measuring the nitrogen content and multiplying by 6.25. The number reached is a measure of crude protein and a poor indicator of actual protein. Plants containing high levels of crude protein are unacceptable to animals unless balanced by a high energy and fibre supplement. Animals consuming high levels of crude protein necessarily excrete excess nitrate resulting in loose dung, dirty backsides, rapid weight loss, and poor mating performance, the reason for, on average, dairy cows lasting less than three lactations. Animals grazing pasture grown on truly healthy soils containing all necessary elements are clean, docile, and gain weight at a rate that most find unbelievable. When the pasture is grazed after reaching the top of the rapid growth

phase it is naturally high in full protein, and the losses of methane and nitrous oxide are of little if any consequence. Plants develop a stalk and seed head in response to stress, which over summer is usually due to a lack of moisture, and high soil temperatures. The pasture highlighted has a deeper root structure and is therefore able to access both moisture and nutrient

from a greater depth. The difference in colour is in part due to the plant’s ability to convert sunlight to protein and energy very efficiently. Because there is less stress plants stay leafy and digestible for longer. The current industry model actually incentivises lower levels of pasture production and taken to its logical conclusion, browntop becomes the pasture spe-

cies of choice. That means far fewer animals gaining weight slowly with lactating stock producing much lower volumes of milk resulting in an uneconomic pastoral industry. The highlighted property was part of an AGmardt funded study that showed it to be actively sequestering carbon, lowering atmospheric carbon dioxide levels. The property is positive on every environmental measure due in large part to astute and sympathetic daily management. Every year there is the potential to grow more pasture and produce a greater quantity of meat, however that is at the discretion of the owner. It provides a blueprint that can be used for far larger properties and ultimately the entire pastoral farming industry. The owner extends an invitation to the scientific fraternity, and politicians, to visit, examine, and measure every aspect of the operation. For more info, please call Peter on 0800 843 809.

April 2021

Plant Natives Councils’ LT Plan proposals include extensive tree planting, presumably as part of their climate change policy. The NN-TSM Climate Forum has joined this increasing noise to plant more native trees, echoing recent Climate Change Commission recommendations, and environmentalists’ constant support. While this can have merit nationally, Tasman and the West Coast in particular have large areas in trees. Tasman has 62% of its million hectares in DoC estate and 22% of private land already in trees. Planting more trees in specific areas for waterway improvements has a place, but the very small area of remaining food producing land is too valuable to be lost. Planting native trees locks up land for ever, so benefits will be permanent and should be paid for by everyone. There could be significant and practical limits to grow native trees to meet the urgent need to reduce GHGe. Although that sequestration is permanent, it has less relevance for the next 30 years. They store significantly less carbon than pines. Planting cost is 5-10 times that of pines, the government planting grant is about $2000 short of costs, they need ongoing maintenance particularly during the first 3 years, and survival can be less successful. There could be significant differences between species for location-specific carbon sequestration and other, as yet substantiated ecosystem benefits. There are practical limits on supply of planting material, especially that suitable for our locality, and job-saving incentives to assist farmers are temporary.

Nelson Tasman Climate Forum Report After one year, the Forum held a conference in two parts in February. Climate Change Commissioner Prof. James Renwick spoke for an hour and answered questions covering land use, forestry, the heat/ industry/power sector with emphasis on transport and waste. He described the work of the Commission to formulate three GHGe budgets between 2022 and 2035 based on four points of the direction of government policy, advice on emissions reduction, consistency with NZ commitment to the 2016 Paris agreement, and eventual reductions in biogenic methane by 2050, noting that our long term and short-term (methane) gases

need separate thinking, not yet fully appreciated. The Commission has concluded that NZ can action its responsibilities to itself after a slow start. That can be good for business although he did not spell out who pays for what benefits. Clearly there was a need for more global urgency to achieve the 1.5C target, and he criticised the profit motive in the electricity industry with changes needing government intervention. Questioned about the ETS, he noted it was one tool, the carbon price can be manipulated, and that electric vehicles are not included. A s e c o n d s p e a ke r wa s

15-year-old Sophie Weenink who presented her personal philosophy, journey and actions in specific areas affecting the environment. The second half of the conference dealt with the draft Climate Action Book, and Forum Charter commitments. During the year the focus has embraced the natural world for the Forum who sees itself as the voice for the biosphere, with a mechanism to weave a vision for the region to restore nature and create a stable climate, resilient and egalitarian communities, and a wellbeing economy without committing to definitions of these elements. The Climate Action Hand-

book reflects significant and expected input from committed environmentalists pursuing their agendas. While that can be supported, the loss of focus is also a loss of credibility. It prioritises the third Charter goal and reduces emphasis on the need for urgent and directs action to reduce GHGe. Of particular rural note is the recommendation to plant at least 10% of the property in mostly native trees, and consider partial conversion to horticulture. Both have significant practical and time limitations in the region, and ignore the relative importance of early reductions of vehicle emissions.

Marlborough climate suitable for crops other than grapes

Andrew Ritchie

Outsiders could be forgiven for thinking that Marlborough is all about the grape industry and in particular Sauvignon Blanc, but Alan Jones of Garlico maintains our dry climate is also ideal for the production of garlic. The company grows shallots and garlic mostly around the Seddon area where bare land is still available, free from grape posts. The other main area of garlic production is Pukekohe which harvests in November. In Marlborough the crop is planted close to the shortest day of winter and harvested in the heat and dry of February. Rain at that time of year could produce staining which would seriously affect the sale of the crop. To prevent the build-up of disease the crop is not grown in the same ground for a number of years. Previously the harvesting of the crop was done by hand providing enthusiastic school children with a useful income, but nowadays this is done with a harvester which can cover about two hectares a day. The

bulbs are then kiln dried before being checked for bruising and sized for sale. The crop is sold to a wholesaler but can also be purchased privately from Garlico at their premises in Old Renwick Road. France is a major producer of garlic and has an active ongoing research programme involving growers and INRA, their agricultural research department. In New Zealand strict biosecurity controls are put on the importation of seed and growers struggle to import more vigorous strains of the crop currently available around the world. Alan Jones’s company also grows a variety of small seeds including grass seed, mustard seed, clovers, forage peas and onion seed. The onion seed is harvested into bins by hand then kiln dried before putting the seed heads through a header. In days of old the onion seed would be put in hessian bags and hung over the fence to dry. The size of the crop could be judged by neighbours by the length of fence that was covered.

Garlico packing shed

Forage peas being swathed prior to harvesting

April 2021

Wetland Workshop Many landowners in the Top of the South and community groups are interested in enhancing or creating new wetlands. A great target for us is one or two wetlands on every land holding in Top of the South. Filtering water through more sediment dams and wetlands is crucial to maintaining and enhancing our beautiful fresh and salt water in the Top of the South and also enhancing our biodiversity. There are constraints in wetland construction due to resource consents which are currently being worked on. Cost can also be an issue, but wetlands don’t need to be expensive if you work with nature and pick the right place. We do have limits in the knowledge and capacity to build wetlands in the Top of the South. We are trying to address this in this workshop. So, whether you want to enhance or build a wetland on your property with your own digger or build or promote them for others this could be a useful workshop for you. We are offering this practical workshop for people to come and learn how to build wetlands and share their knowledge on building wetlands. The workshop is being held by NZ Landcare Trust on 14 and 15 April in Takaka, Golden Bay. For further information and to register please phone 0800 526 322.

Wool Procurement Manager, PGG Wrightson Wool

Slightly Better Market Despite Shipping Delays Wool Comment, Rob Cochrane, Wool Procurement Manager, PGG Wrightson Wool Despite more wool than expected coming forward for auction in New Zealand during late February and throughout March, plus continued shipping issues, the market reacted positively and, after some reasonable price improvements particularly for better style crossbred wool types including lamb’s wool were recorded in the early March auctions, prices stabilized. A handful of wool types continued to improve before levelling out somewhat at the latest (at time of writing) South Island auction held on 25th March. An obvious willingness by growers to meet market levels was evident during the past six weeks

or so, something which gave exporters confidence knowing that in most cases the highest bid price was likely to be accepted, rather than have large quantities of wool passed-in due to, often, unrealistic grower expectation. Recent auction catalogues in the South Island contained a wide variety of wool types with quantities of “outof-season” wools being offered amongst freshly shorn wools. Most interest was aimed towards good scouring colour second-shear types, which were in shorter supply than usual, probably due to many growers deciding to shear once per year simply to

save wool harvesting costs which are exceeding wool sale returns. At the March 25th auction, good style second-shear wool types were fetching prices only fractionally less or equivalent to those received by good style full-length fleece wool. Poorer full-length fleece types surprisingly remained in good demand although those displaying very poor colour and high vegetable matter contamination levels were discounted considerably. Several average style fleece lines which had not been prepared well in the wool shed, suffered discounts due to too much variation in fibre length, which would likely create unaccepta-

ble fibre wasteage during processing. Crossbred lamb’s wool remained in fair demand with most interest shown towards those lines measuring finer than about 29 micron, however gross returns for lamb’s wool remained well below cost of production. Better style crossbred oddment types also improved during the past few weeks, but monetary returns compared to effort remained very questionable. Only limited quantities of Corriedale and Halfbred wool types were offered during the past few weeks with very few, if any, meaningful price quotes resulting. What wools there were on offer

received limited enquiry although a few lines of very good style wools sold well. Similarly bred lamb’s wool also drew limited support with only the very fine edge being very keenly sought by the export trade. Very small quantities of Merino types were available at recent auctions, mostly being secondshear from cull sheep, with values reflecting a reasonably keen demand from European and Middle Eastern buyer representatives. Having painted a slightly better picture of market prices of late, a serious transport issue is facing all exporters of wool both from Australia and New Zealand. Shipping problems have magnified as delays of between three and six weeks are becoming common-place due to congestion at many ports around the world. Singapore is a hub for shipping across the globe, with cargo transferred from one vessel to another for distribution to its destination port. Shipping which may have previously taken forty to fifty days, has more recently taken ninety to one hundred days or longer, if in fact space has not been cancelled due to shipping companies re-routing vessels. Continued shipping delays along with recent substantially increased shipping costs, could cause credit issues for exporters, many of whom often have terms of payment upon or after arrival of the physical wool, or upon actual vessel departure date. Watch this space! That’s my view.

Working the ground ‘RLT Contacting’ has been operating for a number of years and are well-known for their big earthmovers and scrapers, working on developments: roading, and land-forming for new subdivisions for developers and councils and contouring and land clearing for rural landowners. With 3 TS14 scrapers, diggers up to 30 tonne and a fleet of modern Deutz Fahr tractors there wasn’t too many jobs that RTL couldn’t tackle. Russell Lawrence says that he started getting calls from customers to do more ag groundwork. “I’ve already got the tractors with the hp” says Russell, “so the decision was made to invest in some groundwork implements.” “I’ve been in the industry for over 30 years doing groundwork here and in Australia, so it wasn’t a difficult decision to make.” Russell has been operating a set of 4.5m wide Kverneland discs for the last season and is impressed with the quality and the area he can work in a shorter space of time. “I’ve been dealing with Terry at BMTT for a few years now,” says Russell, “he’s always put me right, the Deutz Tractors have been great and the 7250 is a fantastic tractor, huge pulling power and is proving to be remarkably fuel efficient.” “The BMTT workshop has a reputation as being the best in the district and that’s very reassuring for a commercial operation where breakdowns can cost the whole job.” If you need any groundwork, discing, deep ripping or dams built, give Russell a call on 027 543 2016

Russell Lawrence with his Deutz-Fahr tractors - “huge pulling power and remarkably fuel efficient”

Carbon, calcium and soil life Many farmers express a genuine desire to reduce the regular use of nitrogen fertiliser on pasture. That’s an understandable attitude as farmers are conservationists at heart and nitrogen fertilisers over time can destroy humus, which is the world’s most valuable energy store. Humus is a result of decaying vegetation built up most recently by pastoral farming. To destroy it makes no sense. But hard on the heels of that desire comes the fear of what may happen if nitrogen applications are stopped. What if the net result of not applying nitrogen is that a consistent amount of grass is grown throughout the season, with a marked improvement in animal health and a significant reduction in the need for remedies of all types. Nitrogen is a major nutrient and like most other major nutrients the supply of it in the top six inches of the soil is far larger than most people are aware. It has been built up through years of pastoral farming and it’s not going to disappear overnight. In the case of nitrogen there is likely to be tonnes of organic nitrogen in the top six inches of the soil. Only a part of that

Article supplied by Fertiliser NZ

is available at any given time, and only a small amount of this needs to be taken up by herbage during the season. This amount is unlikely to exceed 500kg annually. The key to ensuring sufficient naturally available nitrogen to maximise grass growth is to use farming practices and fertiliser inputs that promote healthy soils. Calcium is the major nutrient most responsible for driving organic activity, hence the increase in worm activity after the application of lime. Ideal Base Saturation levels lie between 60 and 70%. Magnesium levels should be between 10 and 15%. With high performing dairy properties losing 20 –25kg Mg/ha/year, an annual application of magnesium fertiliser makes good sense. Carbon, Calcium & Soil Life VitaLife has either calcium and magnesium or both, depending on what is required in the soil and is in a non-leaching form. This will help provide months of protection against calcium/magnesium-related metabolic disorders. Added to this is organic matter containing a range of specifically selected

microbes that aid in the fixation of nitrogen and help release phosphorus. Most of the farm’s life exists out of sight beneath the surface of the soil. Billions of organisms inhabit the upper layers of the soil where they break down dead organic matter, releasing the nutrients necessary for plant growth. The micro-organisms include bacteria and fungi. Farmers using these products report greater root depth penetration to at least six inches and, more recently, reports of tighter swards with less need for pasture renewal. With more biological activity, greater root depth, increased drainage in winter, and moisture retention in summer, along with non-leaching fertiliser inputs, the need for applied nitrogen is markedly reduced. In situations where regular nitrogen applications have been made, it may take a little time for the natural system to completely recover. The best time to start the restoration process is autumn. For more information contact us on 0800 337 869 John Barnes, Managing Director Fert NZ

April 2021

Ford Ranger Bi Turbo; Better is Smaller! There must be a magical formula known only to Ford which keeps the now 8-year-old Ranger design not only the top selling Ute in NZ, but also the best-selling vehicle. Indeed the 2nd place is also a Ute, the evergreen Hilux, so we have not fallen out of love with these utilitarian vehicles for over a decade since the Corolla held the top spot... I’ve driven and reviewed on these pages several 3.2 litre 5-cylinder Rangers and its sibling Everest. However, I grabbed the opportunity to drive the Bi Turbo 2 litre 4 cylinder. The 3.2 delivers 147kW/470Nm with the 2 litre Bi Turbo at 150kW/500Nm. The Ranger has long since dropped manual gearboxes in favour of an all-automatic line-up the 3.2 with 6 speeds. And for good reason. Their auto is more economical and a much easier drive on and off road. The new kid Bi Turbo on the block since, well mid 2018, has 10 speeds. With both having a low

ratio transfer case the 2 litre is unlike the other mainstream 2 litre 4 cylinder the Amarok, which has an 8-ratio transmission in the Automatic, though without the low ratio box. Imperceptibly the Bi Turbos revs rise and fall as it ascends during acceleration as it rushes headlong through the ratios. Yes, you do have a tip tronic function available though it’s not needed for maximum thrust, nor I found when towing, as the box seems always to be in the best torque band for the load. I found the performance better than I remember from the 5-cylinder motor though most noticeably quieter. Ford say they have fitted Active Noise Cancellation to the Ranger and while I don’t know how it works, I certainly found the cabin quiet even under hard acceleration. The very satisfying growl sound the Bi Turbo makes on full throttle seems like it is a much bigger engine. I liked it. Fuel consumption showed at 8.1 litres

till I began towing a large 3 tonne boat. Tow rating is 3500kg braked. While towing it jumped to 17.4 though the little 4 cylinder coped admirably without fuss. As with all model 2020 year onwards there are 5 Star Euro NCAP and ANCAP safety ratings. It comes with Autonomous Braking, Pre-Collision Assist using camera and Radar for Pedestrian and Cyclist detection, automatically applying the brakes. Lane Keep Assist and Departure Warning Blind Spot Detection, Speed Sign Recognition, ABS, ESP, EBD and Trailer Sway Control. 8 Airbags, Active Parallel Park Assistance, Hill Descent and Launch Assist. Now standard too are SYNC3 with Apple Car and Android as well as Ford’s embedded modem FordPass, that allows you to monitor your car from wherever you are, to lock and unlock the doors and even start the engine. I didn’t try this though I have seen it working. There’s little change to the cabin from the previ-

A grunts lesson learned At 15m, with my thumb on the lever, I let him have it. I couldn’t last any longer, eight days into the study for exams I took the opportunity to go for a quick afternoon bow hunt. It had just rained so I knew there would be a good chance to see a pig. Before long, I was seeing the odd bit of pig-rooting. While following some prints, I walked up on three pigs. A big old sow let off an alerting grunt, giving me quite a fright. I instantly froze in the hope she might lose interest in me and continue digging her hole. Sure enough, she relaxed and started digging, occasionally looking at me from 10m away. It was clear she was pregnant, so I wasn’t interested in shooting her. However, there was a smaller 40lber down the hill and a nice big boar further up the hill, making his way down. The boar soon after called the others and moved to a different location, with me following closely behind. Ten minutes later and the pigs were digging, so I made my move. I snuck up, hiding behind a tree. The boar was at 15m. I drew back and moved around till I found a clear pathway for my arrow. As soon as he turned broadside, I sent an arrow his way, hitting him perfectly behind the shoulder. Previously, I arrowed a small boar at the same distance, with the same arrow setup, Easton Power Flight using a large cut diameter mechanical broadhead, and the arrow went straight through the pig. This pig was well over 100lb and the arrow made, at most, 10cm into his side, which

2 litre, 2 turbo’s and red - The latest best seller Ford Ranger ous 2018 model - the major cosmetic giveaway is the grill, remarkably like the very last Falcon, which was arguably the nicest looking Falcon ever, so there’s that. I drove a ‘Meteor Grey’ XLT though the image here is of the Fire Engine red duco called ‘True Red’ For the first time ever I deleted the photos on the camera BEFORE I had downloaded them. So, at the S.I. Fieldays at the end of March I took a few replacement pics courtesy of Avon City Ford. Pricing for the XLT model Bi Turbo Ranger Wellside is a recommended $65,990 just $1000 more than the 3.2 litre. That’s interesting as the Wildtrack Bi Turbo version is $75,490 a a $3000 premium over the 3.2 litre, with the only addition being a light bar! For the lower fuel burn, quieter cabin and

higher performance the smaller motor is now a popular option. With the demise next year of the current model Ranger opting for a cooperative deal with Volkswagen to produce a joint model, much as Ford had with Mazda who now shares its tooling with Isuzu, we’re likely to see an entirely new Ute line-up. Given Ford US is releasing a Hybrid F150 truck, maybe Ford NZ and presumably across the ditch we’ll see the first Hybrid Ute though that’s speculation at this stage. Till then the latest Ranger is still the most popular Ute available and that won’t change anytime soon. It is a wide bodied, genuine 5-seater, great on the road, great as a tow vehicle and very competent in almost every off-road situation. Ford got it right a decade ago and buyers have responded.

Max Barclay

sent him trotting off. Not a drop of blood, all I had was footprints leading me to him. 40 minutes later, lying down, he saw me, grunted and ran off again. There was a couple of drops of blood where he was lying, so I knew he was going to live another day. After thinking about the shot, I believe I might have hit the back edge of the boar’s shoulder plate. Combined with bighard ribs, my arrow set up didn’t stand a chance. I learned a good lesson that day, mechanical broadheads aren’t very good for big pigs. I have now changed to a fixed two-blade broadhead using a Sika Stopper arrow, with an outsert weighing in at 470 grains. An almost indestructible setup that, I hope, will see that pig in the freezer in the near future.