AGROFEED PROPOSAL FOR THE ADEQUATE USE OF FEED ADDITIVES FOR DAIRY COW Feed additives Probiotics
Enzymes
Organic Trace Minerals
AGROFEED PROPOSAL FOR THE ADEQUATE USE OF FEED ADDITIVES FOR DAIRY COW Feed additives Buffers Anionic Salts and Products
Toxin binders Calcium Propionate
Protected Choline
Yeast Products
Need for use Increase dry matter intake and stabilize rumen pH. Sodium Bicarbonate/ Magnesium oxide. In summertime, and in case of bad quality forages (low starch content), please put additional buffer at the end of the feeding bunk, ad libitum. Cause the diet to be more acidic, increasing blood calcium levels by stimulating bone mobilization of calcium and calcium absorption from the small intestine. Ammonium chloride, ammonium sulfate, aluminum sulfate, magnesium sulfate, calcium chloride. Toxin binders reduce the absorption of mycotoxins from the gut, rather they reduce those toxic effects, through alteration. Activated charcoal – bind toxins, Aluminum silicate (clay) bind mycotoxins, Bentonite – clay, liquid turnover, bind toxins. Increase blood glucose and calcium levels. Very good and useful additive, but because of the price, and mechanism, most usual way of usage is in the first 5 days post-partum, to help to ensure Ca-balance. A methyl donor used to minimize fatty liver formation and to improve fat mobilization. Choline’s effect on triglyceride transfer from liver in early lactation. Very good effects on liver protection, but just if additional methionine used in the diet. Choline is one of the best methyl-donors, and the methionine synthesis is a very agressive part of metabolism. If no additional methionon used to ensure the needs, choline will definiatelly used for methionine synthesis, instead of the liver protecting effect… And this is wasted money… Two types of yeast products are primarily on the market: live yeast products and yeast culture. Their inclusion in dairy cattle diets, especially in early lactation, may increase dry matter intake, increase milk and milk component production, stabilize the rumen fermentation, and increase rumen microbial growth.
Recommended use Sodium bicarbonate; Magnesium oxide; 100 to 250 g/day Feed to dry cows two to three weeks before calving.
Propylene Glycol
Feed to calves on liquid diet, transition cows, and during stress conditions.
Depends on the product (enzymatic units per unit of feed dry matter).
Dosage depends on the different recommendations of different producers. 200 to 500 grams per cow per day.
Amino acids
Niacin
Coenzyme systems in biological reactions, improves energy balance in early Two weeks prepartum to lactation cows, controls ketosis and stimulates rumen protozoa. 10 weeks postpartum
Biotin Protected Fats
Right after calving as a drench. In the first 5 days postpartum as a drench, or on the top
Urea (retard urea) ß-carotine
Two weeks prepartum to 10 weeks postpartum and during off-feed conditions and stress.
Recommended use
Feed to cows in early lactation Improve amino acid supply, especially methionine. Minimize fatty liver formation, receiving high levels of control ketosis, and improve milk fat test. Methionine hydroxyl analogs. concentrate and limited dietary protein.
The dosage must be adjusted to the real toxin levels and to the flock.
Recommended 15 to 30 g of rumen-protected choline from 21 days prepartum to 50 days postpartum.
Need for use The purpose of using probiotics is to overcome some of the beneficial bacteria in the intestine and stabilize the gut flora of the animal. Produce metabolic compounds that destroy undesirable organisms, provide enzymes improving nutrient availability, or detoxify harmful metabolites. Bacillus, Bifidobacterium, Streptococcus, Bacteroides , Lactobacillus, and Pediococcus. Enzymes are natural catalysts produced by the body to aid in the digestion of feed proteins, starches, and fiber. Commercial forms of enzymes are made from the fermentation extracts of bacteria, such as Bacillus subtilus, Trichoderma longibrachiatum, and Aspergillus oryzae. Increase fiber digestibility by reducing fiber (cellulase and xylanase enzymes) and DM intake. There are many-many things to complete on the farm (the whole system), on the field (forage making) before we could measure the effects of using these kind of additives. This is really the Fine Tuning of Dairy Nutritioning… Trace minerals complexed with an amino acid, complexed with proteinates. Goal increase small intestinal absorption. Improvements in milk production, milk protein, reproduction, and hoof quality. Source of blood glucose, stimulate an insulin response and reducing fat mobilization. Drench cow starting at one week prepartum (preventative role) or after calving when signs of ketosis are observed (treatment role). Feeding is not as effective as drenching.
L-carnitine Ionophore antibiotics (Monensin and Lasalocid)
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to 20 milligrams per cow Improve hooves by reducing heel warts, claw lesions, white line separations, 10 per day for six months to one sand cracks, and sole ulcers and increase milk yield through a metabolic route. year. Bypass energy supply, to increase milk yield. Use at the beginning of lactation, when the Negative Energy Balance is physiological, or in high yielding groups in 200-500 g/cow/day the first and second trimester of lactation. Also good supply in time of heatstress. Non-Protein Nitrogen supply for the cows. Helps to improve the efficiency of rumen bacterias. Also good supplement in time of heat stress. Decreases 25-120 g/cow/day endogen heat production of the cow. From the start of lactation till the third trimester of lactation. Improving the reproduction results through the increasing blood carotine level. 250-500 mg/cow/day Use from 21 days prepartum till 30-40 days postpartum. Helps to prevent ketosis in the heat stress periods, and improves energy supply. Short Chain Fatty Acids pass easier the cell mambranes. Use it 7 days prepartum 3-5 g/cow/day to 30 days postpartum, or in heat stress periods any phase of lactation. Ionophores increase the ratio of propionate to acetate in the rumen. Propionate is needed for lactose (milk sugar) synthesis and is a primary driver of milk production. Propionate is also important in the liver of transition cows to reduce 300-350 mg/cow/day or ketosis. Ionophore studies with lactating cows have shown inconsistent milk 11-22 g/ton dry matter in TMR responses depending on diet. Ionophores usually reduce ketosis and cause milkfat depression. It can be used according to local or national regulations.