Challenges of our era Summit 2018

Challenges of our era summit 6-7 March 2018 BASE Milano

Challenges18

Nesta

#OurEra2018

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Contents Welcome

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About Nesta

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About the Challenge Prize Centre

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The prizes showcased today

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Summit partners

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Content partners

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Programme - Tuesday 6 March

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Programme - Wednesday 7 March

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The themes and challenges

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Feeding the 10 billion 10 Surgical equity 14 Data for good 18 Summit speakers biographies

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Notes 31

Live interactive polling and audience Q&A To make sure we address your most important questions at today’s event we will be using a tool called Sli.do. To access Sli.do, please follow these simple steps: 1. Connect to the WiFi on your smartphone or tablet 2. Open the web browser and go to www.slido.com

Challenges of our era summit

3. Enter the event code #OurEra2018 4. In the web app you will be able to ask questions and join live polls

Welcome Welcome to Challenges of our Era 2018, the second challenge summit to bring together leading thinkers in the identification and shaping of challenges needing open innovation Nesta’s Challenge Prize Centre exists to stimulate and speed up problem solving activity on some of the most difficult challenges we face, especially ones that are being overlooked We believe that innovation competitions excite and engage the broadest community of problem solvers, creating solutions that are better quality, sustainable and impactful, pushing frontiers and advancing society. That is why this summit is focused around three of the key challenges facing the world today: 1. Access to safe and plentiful food – feeding a growing world population without destroying the planet.

2. Access to the benefits of the data revolution – so that its economic and social fruits enrich us all.

3. Access to safe and affordable health care – so that lack of even basic surgery no longer blights lives in the global south.

In different ways, these problems affect billions of people. Solving them would transform the world for the better.

Over the next two days, we’re going to try to kickstart the change we need in these areas.

With your help, we want to identify what the priorities are in these fields and make concrete recommendations for new prizes that could solve them.

What innovation is needed? What barriers must we overcome? Where should we focus our energies?

We’re working with leading experts in the field and partner organisations keen to act. The point of the summit is not just to discuss the problems but to change the world.

But we can only do this with you.

So over the next two days, lend us your brain, and help us design the next generation of challenge prizes that change the world.

Tris Dyson Executive Director, Challenge Prize Centre, Nesta

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Nesta is a global innovation foundation. We back new ideas to tackle the big challenges of our time.

We use our knowledge, networks, funding and skills – working in partnership with others, including governments, businesses and charities. We are a UK charity but work all over the world, supported by a financial endowment.

Nesta’s Challenge Prize Centre is a global pioneer of challenge-driven innovation. We run challenge prizes to help organisations reach ideas far beyond their own boundaries – providing partners all over the world with advisory and delivery services – and helping find solutions to some of the most difficult challenges we face.

To find out more visit www.nesta.org.uk

The prizes showcased today Data Driven Farming Prize

Open Up Prize

Longitude Prize

The Data Driven Farming Prize sought tools and approaches that source, analyze and translate data into actionable, timely and context-specific information for smallholder farmers to improve value from agricultural productivity.

The Open Up Challenge is a £2.5m prize fund backing ambitious products that will help small businesses save time and money, find better services, reduce stress and discover the intelligence in their financial data.

The Longitude Prize is a £10m prize fund that will reward a competitor that can develop a point–of– care diagnostic test that will conserve antibiotics for future generations and revolutionise the delivery of global healthcare. The test must be accurate, rapid, affordable and easy to use anywhere in the world.

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Summit partners

Nesta Italia tests and grows new ideas to address Italy’s most pressing societal challenges.

Based in Turin, Nesta Italia is a partnership between the global innovation foundation Nesta (based in the UK), and Compagnia di San Paolo, one of Italy’s largest and oldest philanthropic foundations.

Nesta Italia supports innovation in education; responses to migration; health and ageing; and the arts and cultural heritage – using Nesta’s proven innovation methods to encourage social innovation in Italy.

UNDP works in about 170 countries and territories, helping to achieve the eradication of poverty, and the reduction of inequalities and exclusion. We help countries to develop policies, leadership skills, partnering abilities, institutional capabilities and build resilience in order to sustain development results. The UNDP Innovation Facility is as a global mechanism to accelerate innovation for development. The Facility provides technical support and funding to across all regions to test frontier technologies and new approaches to deliver better results. @UNDP_innovation undp.org/innovation

@nesta_it

Supported by:

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Content partners

Feeding the 10 billion FUTURE FOOD

CIAT: Forward-looking, Applied Agricultural Research The International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), working in collaboration with hundreds of partners across the developing world, harnesses new methods, knowledge and technologies to better enable farmers, mainly smallholders, to enhance eco-efficiency in agriculture. We help make food systems more sustainable, production more competitive, profitable, and equitable, and work to enhance the resilience of the global agricultural system.

CIAT’s cross-cutting research spans the development of new, information-enabled agronomic practices, agricultural policy, sustainable use of soils and landscapes, and crop improvement for cassava, beans, and tropical forages. We employ the power of new information tools and participatory methods to influence decisions, practices, and policies on three key issues: climate change, ecosystem services, and sustainable food systems.

Working closely with decision makers in the private and public sectors, we provide novel and accurate information with easy-to- use methods for analyzing agricultural systems at all levels – from individual farms to whole continents. From smallholders to producer associations to government ministries, CIAT leverages cutting edge science to partner with and bring together the stakeholders needed to address major agricultural challenges. @CIAT_ www.ciat.cgiar.org

Challenges of our era summit

Deep Science Ventures DSV builds high impact, high growth science companies: they take a multidisciplinary group of scientists and engineers and support them to start high impact science companies. Founders are selected for the programme pre-team, pre-idea and provide 6 months of funding (around ÂŁ120k in total). Shock proof transparent materials, 1 day in silico de novo antibody design and living neural interfaces are amongst the products produced by their portfolio companies. @deepsciventures www.deepscienceventures.com | www.dsv.io

Future Food The Future Food empowers talents through educational programs, inspires the community with events, conference and hackathons and boosts entrepreneurs and industry through open innovation.

Situated in one of the most influential agricultural and culinary regions in the world, the FF expands from its headquarters in Bologna and satellite programs in Reggio-Emilia (Food Innovation Program) to include a global network of actors in order to provide mindset, knowledge, and opportunities, to make change happen through food innovation. @ffoodinstitute www.futurefood.network/

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Surgical equity Lifebox Lifebox Foundation is a global nonprofit making surgery safer in low-resource countries.

For billions of people around the world, there is no such thing as a ‘routine’ operation. Emergency caesarean sections for mothers dying in labour, trauma repair after road traffic accidents: the surgery they will face is urgent, under-resourced, and often unsafe. Lifebox works to address some of the greatest risks, giving surgical teams the tools, training and partnership they need to keep the most vulnerable patients safe.

Lifebox was founded by medical professionals in 2011, and is chaired by surgeon and bestselling author Atul Gawande.

We grew out of efforts at the World Health Organization to reduce deaths from unsafe surgery through a ‘Surgical Safety Checklist’. Regardless of geography or economy, the Checklist is a communications tool proven to reduce surgical complications and mortality by nearly 40 percent.

But global change happens at the local level, so Lifebox works colleague-to-colleague, partner-to-partner across more than 100 countries to make safe surgery a right, not a privilege. Through safer anaesthesia, infection reduction and improved teamwork, Lifebox makes a life-changing difference for millions of people each year @SaferSurgery www.lifebox.org

World Federation of Societies of Anaesthesiologists (WFSA) The World Federation of Societies of Anaesthesiologists (WFSA) strives to achieve universal access to safe anaesthesia. We unite anaesthesiologists around the world to improve patient care and access to safe anaesthesia and perioperative medicine.

Our programmes tackle the key barriers to access and are run in partnership with our Member Societies and other organisations that share our goals. We have official liaison with the World Health Organisation (WHO), are a founding member of the G4 Alliance and also work with governments, with other legislative bodies, with surgical organisations, with NGOs, with hospitals and with training centres.

Our impact is felt globally. Education programmes in Africa, Asia, Europe and Latin America train thousands of anaesthesia providers every year, our publications are accessed across high to low resource settings, and our advocacy work brings key issues to the World Health Assembly and other global decision-makers.Together with our partners and members we have done much to achieve our aims, but with 5 of the world’s 7 billion people without access to safe and affordable anaesthesia and surgical care when needed, there is a long way to go. @wfsaorg www.wfsahq.org

Data for good Engineering for Change Engineering for Change (E4C) is a non-profit organization advancing Technology for Development (Tech4Dev) and a global community of more than 1 million individuals.

E4C delivers original news, professional development and due diligence resources through programs and a digital platform to enable knowledge exchange, prepare the workforce and raise the Tech4Dev innovation quotient. @engineer4change www.engineeringforchange.org

responsibly for the public good. The Initiative was established to assist the UN to transition development and humanitarian practice and policy implementation to more agile, adaptive ways of working that leverage real-time feedback and the power of data analytics. To this end, Global Pulse promotes awareness of the opportunities big data presents for sustainable development and humanitarian action, develops high-impact analytics solutions for UN and government partners through its network of data science innovation centres, or Pulse Labs, in Indonesia (Jakarta), Uganda (Kampala) and at UN Headquarters (New York), and works to lower barriers to adoption and scaling.

UN Global Pulse

Read more in the UN Global Pulse annual report: www.bit. ly/2n6syKy

UN Global Pulse is an innovation initiative of the UN Secretary-General on data science. Its vision is a future in which big data and A.I. are harnessed safely and

@UNGlobalPulse www.unglobalpulse.org/

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Programme - Tuesday 6 March (Subject to change) Time

Session

14.00

Registration and refreshments

14.40

Welcome and introduction

Geoff Mulgan, Chief Executive, Nesta

Challenges of our era: securing a better future for everyone 14:50

Karen Boswell, Head of Innovation, adamandeveDDB

Challenge-driven innovation: incentivising problem solving 15:10

Paul Bunje, Chief Scientist and Vice President, XPRIZE Tris Dyson, Executive Director, Challenge Prize Centre, Nesta

Meet the innovators: prize participants sharing their experiences 15:50

16:10

Registration and refreshments

16:45 Introducing the challenges of our era: food, surgery and technology

Chaired by: Constance Agyeman, Head of International Development

and Communities, Challenge Prize Centre, Nesta

Will Day, Sustainability Advisor, PwC UK

Tom Weiser, Associate Professor Department of Surgery, Stanford

University Medical Centre

Stuart Russell, Professor of Computer Science, University of California, Berkeley 17:45

What to expect on day two

Kate Adams, Director of Operations and Special Projects, Challenge Prize Centre, Nesta

18:00

Drinks reception and networking

Hosted by: Marco Zappalorto, Chief Executive, Nesta Italia

20:00

Day one close

Event moderated by: Constance Agyeman, Head of International Development and Communities, Challenge Prize Centre, Nesta

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Programme - Wednesday 7 March (Subject to change) Time

Session

08:30

Registration and refreshments

09:30

What makes a good prize and introduction to the themes

Feeding the 10 Billion

Constance Agyeman, Head of International Development and Communities, Challenge Prize Centre, Nesta Sara Roversi, Founder, Future Food Institute

09:30

Surgical equity

Data for good

Amb. Neil Parsan, Chairman, Global Alliance for Surgery, Obstetrics, Trauma and Anesthesia care Daniel Berman, Lead, Global Health, Challenge Prize Centre, Nesta Emmanuel Makasa, Honorary Adjunct Professor of Global Health School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Witwaterstand

Chris Gorst, Lead, Fintech Challenge Prize, ‎Challenge Prize Centre, Nesta Stuart Russell, Professor of Computer Science, University of California, Berkeley

Provocations

Feeding the 10 Billion

André Briend, Pediatric Nutritionist and Creator, Plumpy’Nut Will Day, Sustainability Advisor, PwC Dom Falcao, Founder, Deep Science Ventures

Surgical equity

Jana MacLeod, Consultant Surgeon & Intensivist-Critical Care, Columbia Africa Medical Center Gautam Shetty, Consultant Surgeon, Mullaji Knee Clinic & Arthritis R&D Limited Carolina Haylock-Loor, Anesthesiologist, Intensive Care and International Pain Physician, Honduras, Central America

Data for good

Paula Hidalgo-Sanchís, Manager, Pulse Lab Kampala, Global Pulse Scool of Management Mario Calderini, Full Professor, Politecnico di Milano Iana Aranda, President, Engineering for Change, LLC

11:00

Refreshments and networking

11:30

Theme Workshops

Each theme will be divided into four groups to focus the discussion on one of the four problem areas, mapping out its future, identifying problems that need to be solved, and designing challenge initiatives that can solve them.

13:00 Lunch and networking 14:00

Workshop roundtables (continued)

15:00

Closing remarks

Tris Dyson, Executive Director, Challenge Prize Centre, Nesta

16:00

Event close Challenges of our era summit

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The themes and challenges

Feeding the 10 billion One in nine people are still malnourished. The majority live in developing countries that will see the highest increase in population in years to come.

Many more vulnerable people are expected to struggle due to the consequences of climate change.

What can we do about it?

The answer is to innovate agriculture, and grow resilience within poor communities from the bottom up. The problems facing the world’s most vulnerable farmers are the barriers to tackling

hunger, poverty and sustainability.

Besides productivity, growing resilience in agriculture is a larger issue of food quality, closed-loop food systems, accessing resources and even women’s rights.

Let’s think radically about how to free people of hunger and poverty through green agricultural innovation.

Workshop facilitators Lead facilitator

Constance Agyeman

Pippa Smith

Head of International Development and Communities, Challenge Prize Centre, Nesta

Assistant Programme Manager, Challenge Prize Centre, Nesta

Dom Falcao

Olivier Usher

Founder, Deep Science Ventures

Research Manager, Challenge Prize Centre, Nesta

Orpa Haque Research Coordinator, Challenge Prize Centre, Nesta

Our partners

FUTURE FOOD Challenges of our era summit

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Agriculture holds the key to solving poverty

Only by putting the poorest in charge of their own lives and destinies will absolute poverty and deprivation be removed from the face of the earth Sir Fazle Hasan Abed, 2015 winner of the World Food Prize

Food has a transformative power Agriculture is the engine of growth and hunger reduction in low and middle income countries (LMICs). Working to eliminate hunger fights poverty and realises people’s potential through work and education. Consequently, food is the fundamental resource to build resilient communities. The World Bank states that agricultural growth will have 2-4 times higher poverty alleviation power than nonagricultural growth.

Food demand is growing One out of nine of the 7.5 billion people around the world is malnourished. By 2025 there will one billion more of us. Regions that are at highest risk of food insecurity will experience the highest growth.

We will need to address the growing need for food. Not only will quantity

be important; cost-efficient protein sources will be in ever greater demand, to cater to the shifting appetites of the growing middle class. That puts more pressure to intensify and diversify food production by smallholders – the majority of farmers in LMICs – and we need to make sure this is achieved sustainability.

Productivity and sustainability The last half-century has seen a major increase in food production, mainly due to transformation of agricultural practices – the adoption of artificial fertilisers, pesticides, and highyield crops – as part of the Green Revolution.

However, greater intensification of agriculture brought with it unwanted environmental consequences. A push to produce more out of less has released carbon into the atmosphere, turned forests into barren land and cut biodiversity. Coping with the future needs of people ought to be coupled with the needs of the planet as a whole.

When it comes to climate change, and I say this with a heavy heart, agriculture is the biggest part of the problem Mark Cackler, World Bank

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The world needs to be both fed and sustainable

Overcoming climate change will help to overcome poverty. If we fail on one, we fail on the other

• Resources and materials.

• Information and training.

• Credit for investment.

• Land ownership.

• Distribution channels.

• Market access.

Lord Nicholas Stern, in Gordon Conway’s One Billion Hungry

The Challenge Prize Centre at Nesta wants to bring forth new ideas of how the transformative power of food could fight systemic poverty and build economic and environmental resilience in the developing world.

Climate-smart agriculture Climate change affects everyone but has greatest impact on poor economies. Over time, more people will become vulnerable as their livelihoods become unsustainable.

Going forward, agricultural practices need to concentrate on closed-loop production systems that are not detrimental to the environment. This approach is a part of climate-smart agriculture (CSA), which was first coined by The FAO back in 2010.

Efficiency isn’t everything There is much more to improving global food yields than increasing production efficiency.

In fact, food security is a value chain problem: we need to diversify our food sources, especially proteins; preventing waste could save a third of all food produced; urbanisation will further complicate market access.

Smallholders, women in particular, experience barriers in accessing:

Challenges of our era summit

Challenge prizes

Prizes are powerful tools for incentivising the creation of longterm solutions to social challenges by stimulating new enterprise and endeavour.

Innovations that are guided by smallholder farmers, adapted to local circumstances, and sustainable for the economy and environment will be necessary to ensure food security in the future Bill Gates

The 4 Key Challenges 1. Sustainable use of soil How can we improve food production while preventing soil degradation and adverse environmental change?

The Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations (FAO) has identified a strong link between land degradation and poverty.

Poor land also represents a major threat to food security and the environment.

Tropical and subtropical soil is especially vulnerable.

Regions like these will be a major contributor of the future populational growth.

Clearly, we have to tackle the problems of land and soil if we want to deal with hunger and poverty.

Intensification of agriculture allowed people to flourish.

Deforestation and the adaptation of land for annualised crops and pastures maximised food production, but has destroyed ecosystems. We

have seen the dramatic effect of topsoil erosion, pollution and inefficient water management on land fertility. Greenhouse gases are also on the rise due to deforestation, accelerating climate change.

We need agroecological practices designed for smallholder farmers to prevent an environmental catastrophe as we feed the growing population.

There are plenty of ideas around: adapting nutrientfixing microbes as ecofriendly biofertilisers; deep-rooted perennial plants doing wonders for soil and carbon sequestration; clever ways of growing old crops; polyculture methods boosting resilience through biodiversity. The list goes on – but a real breakthrough will require frugal innovation and a method to scale it in a low resource setting.

2. New sources of nutrition What unconventional food source could we leverage to improve global nutrition?

Frogs or snails have found their way onto our plates but other juicy creatures still have a long way to crawl before people across the world find them palatable.

What if we embraced unusual but nutritious organisms and plants to address growing food demand?

Necessity being the mother of invention, hundreds if not thousands of insect and bug species are eaten in the developing world. Additives derived from them are also used to enrich foodstuffs.

It does make economic sense. Compared to cattle, insects need 12 times less feed to produce the same amount of protein, and have

a lower carbon footprint.

Algae also offer a very wellrounded nutritional package, and face less aversion and scepticism with eaters than creepy-crawlies do. Many algae applications are under consideration, from animal feed to baby formula.

Algae are claimed to be 20 times more productive than regular crops, do not compete for fertile land and metabolise carbon dioxide.

In fact, half of the world’s oxygen is produced by the microalgae in phytoplankton.

The challenge is to identify an such an organism and designing a method of its cultivation on a small or community-wide scale.

For these opportunities to take off, we should think about their operational needs and environmental competitiveness.

3. Improving smallholder outcomes

2. New sources of nutrition

How can we better support the needs of smallholder farmers?

What can we do to incentivise shifting from value chains to sustainable food systems?

Smallholders farm an area of land of up to 10 hectares.

They work mostly within families and produce for private consumption. In developing countries, smallholders are the main food suppliers – up to 80 per cent in Asia and sub-Saharan Africa.

Farming in low resource settings is problematic for many reasons, but the difficulties boil down to lack of access to resources, tools and training. One effective way of dealing with this is through forming communities centered on sharing and cooperation. Such groups are more resilient and invest in productivity. Creating formalised and transparent co-op platforms could offer easier access to resources and expertise but also aid, credit and training.

ICT solutions are one way of bringing people together but community groups around the globe have done very well without them, too.

Smallholder farmer problems are in a big part women’s problems, thus solutions need to take gender into account. FAO reports that 79 per cent of economically active women are farmers and amount to 43 per cent of all agricultural workers in developing countries. Women often are paid less and do not own land, which has a detrimental effect on their education, status and the wellbeing of their children.

One study showed that women’s education contributed 43 per cent of the reduction in child malnutrition over time. Giving women equal access to resources, materials and training could reduce malnutrition by up to 17 per cent, especially among children.

Sustainability of food systems can be achieved by shifting towards closed-loop farming - recycling all elements to achieve a sustainable cycle According to FAO, a third of of production. Thailand’s all food produced ends up innovative cassava producers either wasted or spoiled. That did just that. The leftover amounts to 1.3 billion tonnes peel of this highly nutritious of food – $1 trillion worth – root is turned into fertilisers, each year. Just a quarter of while the wastewater is that would be enough to feed treated with microorganisms all the hungry people in the and produces extra biogas world for two months. that powers the processing The situation is even worse plants. in the developing world, Some dairy farmers are where up to 40 per cent of experimenting with similar food is wasted. It is more ideas to reduce their carbon than a waste of nutrition. It footprint involving cow is somebody’s work, land, manure to produce energy. their resources and their The process can be so time that did not reach its effective that the excess transformative potential. energy is being sold back to We need a radical change the grid at a profit. of culture around food Synergies like these could production and consumption. help us to close the loop The most important thing on food production and is to produce varied and facilitate the next green nutritious food sustainably agro-revolution. with minimal environmental footprint.

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Surgical equity We want to bring transformational innovation to surgical procedures in poorer countries.

There is room for improvement in areas ranging from the development of better surgical tools and systems design, upskilling personnel and operative care, to new infrastructure, platforms and distribution systems for healthcare provision.

With new technologies, materials science and ways of thinking, increasing access to and capacity of surgical care around the globe is within our grasp and could have a lasting benefit for communities in low resource settings.

Workshop facilitators Lead facilitator

Daniel Berman

Scott Smith

Lead, Global Health, Challenge Prize Centre, Nesta

Managing Partner, Changeist

Piotr Gierszewski

Kate Sutton

Foresight Researcher, Challenge Prize Centre, Nesta

Inclusive Economy Lead, Innovation Programmes, Nesta

Caroline Purslow Programme Manager, Longitude Prize, Challenge Prize Centre, Nesta

Our partners

Challenges of our era summit

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16.9 million lives were lost from conditions requiring surgical care in 2010 Unrecognised need Until recently, surgery was not recognised as a significant contributor to the global disease burden and was not a top priority in the eyes of global public health agencies.

But recent estimates from The Lancet claim that five billion people lack access to safe and affordable surgical services.

Five billion people cannot get safe and affordable surgical and anaesthesia care, 90 per cent of people in LMICs can’t even get basic surgical care Jim Yong Kim MD, PhD, 12th President of the The World Bank

Five billion affected Many surgical needs are unmet. The landmark Lancet global surgery report (see following page) estimates that there is demand for an additional 143 million surgical procedures each year.

This unmet need contributes up to 30 per cent of the global burden of disease and, if met, could address 25 per cent of all treatable disabilities.

the mortality rates of HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis and malaria combined.

Figures vary, but he WHO estimates that there were 16.9 million premature deaths due to lack of safe surgical care in 2010.

Lack of surgeons The surgical capacity of the developing world is low. There are roughly 0.5 surgeons per 100,000 people in the developing world and five times fewer within sub-Saharan Africa. For comparison, Austria has almost 98 surgeons per 100,000 people.

Surgeons trained abroad will often learn on equipment that will not be available to them locally. Many will decide not to come back to their country of origin.

Basic surgeries such as setting broken bones or delivering babies via cesarean section are among the most cost-effective health interventions in developing countries The World Bank

4.7 million deaths could be prevented each year, a figure that exceeds

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Redesigning surgery around local resources Local adaptations

Financial barriers

Rural hospitals often do not have running water, stable electricity sources or access to roads. Resource shortages mean that crucial equipment and supplies (such as medical oxygen) are either reused or unavailable, anaesthesia cannot be provided and hospitals depend on the help of non-specialists.

Seeking surgical care has disastrous financial consequences for over 80 million people and their families every year, nearly 60 per cent of who face a ‘catastrophic health expenditure’ due to non-medical costs, such as reaching the surgery in the first place.

Let’s redesign surgical care in poorer countries from the ground up instead of trying to adapt the solutions found elsewhere. We should use local talent, transport links and build upon existing resources to create materials, tools and approaches to surgery that are innovative and suitable for local communities.

Challenge Prizes The Challenge Prize Centre at Nesta wants to steer the discussion towards improving the access to and capacity of surgery in developing countries. Prizes are powerful tools for incentivising the creation of longterm solutions to social challenges by stimulating new enterprise and endeavour.

Global Surgery 2030 The Lancet commission on global surgery report Key Messages

2030 Targets

• Five billion people lack access to surgical and anaesthesia care.

• Access to surgery: minimum of 80 per cent national coverage.

• 143 million additional surgical procedures are needed annually.

• Specialist workforce: minimum of 20 per 100,000 people.

• 33 million people face catastrophic health expenditure.

• Surgical volume: minimum of 5,000 procedures per 100,000.

• Investment is affordable, saves lives, promotes economic growth.

• Tracking of surgery-related mortality rates.

• Surgery is an indispensable part of health care.

• Protection against impoverishing and catastrophic expenditure.

Challenges of our era summit

The 4 Key Challenges 1. Postoperative infections How can we minimise postoperative infection?

Infections have plagued recovery since the inception of surgery. Postoperative infections complicate up to 25 per cent of all treatments in resource limited settings, and are the largest cause of hospital acquired infections in low and middle income countries.

Infections can double the length of hospital stay and add financially devastating costs to patients, facilities, and health systems.

Furthermore, patients who develop infections have a much higher risk of dying.

While infections will be difficult to eradicate, they can be reduced dramatically if critical standards of infection prevention and control are maintained before operation, during operation, and after operation.

These standards include the

assurance of sterility of the operating room environment and instruments, the appropriate and judicious selection and timing of antibiotics, the maintenance of normal body temperature during surgery, supplemental oxygen therapy, and the appropriate decontamination and preparation of the surgical site.

Due to process breakdowns, lack of communication, poor operating theatre resourcing, inconsistent power and autoclave functioning, limited knowledge of local organism antibiotic susceptibility, and poor water quality, the ability to deliver on these well documented standards is frequently absent.

Each of these challenges represents an opportunity for innovative solutions that could take the form of both products and services dealing with infections or improving on their management.

3. Blood banking and transfusions How to increase access to safe blood transfusions?

Haemorrhage - an escape of blood from a ruptured blood vessel - is the surgeon’s most feared calamity.

Haemorrhage control and meticulous technique is the role of a skilled surgeon, however blood loss continues to plague operations even when they seem to have gone well. Replacing blood volume is essential to a high-functioning hospital, particularly one with surgical capacities ranging from caesarean delivery to cancer and trauma care.

implications, as many cultures relate to blood in ways that go beyond its medical use.

Current blood banking systems can be stretched during times of crisis and mass casualty. Prior work investigating blood substitutes have been disappointing, and the ability to transform the way facilities procure, store, and transfuse blood could revolutionize care around the world.

Innovations in this space range from tech-driven drone delivery systems to ‘walking’ blood banks, i.e. community-centered blood Blood banking is complex banks pioneered by militaries and requires sophisticated processes to collect and store using fellow soldiers as a source for warm, whole whole or component parts such as plasma, red cells, and blood. Tech or not, leveraging all available resources will platelets, and assure that require overcoming a number these products are screened of process and protocol for infectious diseases and challenges. are safe for transfusion.

Procuring and storing blood also has profound cultural

2. Safe anaesthetic care How could we adapt anaesthetic machines and procedures to deliver better care in low resource settings?

Prior to the first use of ether, surgeons were known more for their speed and determination than for skill. Surgery has become exponentially safer since the dramatic improvements in anaesthesia over the last 40 years.

Starting with the standardisation of anaesthetic machines, engineered safety features, and monitoring standards pioneered by anaesthetic professional organisations, mortality from anaesthesia is a fraction of prior rates.

However, this improvement is not universal across the countries and regions.

Anaesthesia-attributable mortality in resource poor settings is still hundredsfold higher than in high income countries, and the opportunities to improve training, monitoring, anaesthetic delivery, access to oxygen and medications cannot be overstated.

Operations vary dramatically, but anaesthetic principles can be widely applied for the benefit of the patient, and with profound positive consequences for patients everywhere.

There is an urgent need for affordable machines and procedures that are customized for low resource settings including equipment that can function with little or no access to mains power.

4. Operating theatre technologies What should we focus on in improving the operating suite?

While skills, teamwork, and standards all play an important role in improving surgical and anaesthetic delivery and care, the operating theatre is a domain that continues to drive the need for improved technology and innovation.

From early improvements in instruments, to minimally invasive ‘keyhole’ and catheter-based surgery, to robotic surgery, devices have revolutionized operative techniques.

This has translated into faster recovery, reduced pain, longer life, and lower complication rates. Yet these improvements are not universally available and many surgical theatres in LMICs do not fulfil the most basic requirements of surgical and anaesthetic interventions. Lighting, power,

suction, water, oxygen and sterilisation are all essential components of a functioning facility, but are frequently absent or unreliable. For example, a third of LMIC hospitals lack reliable access to oxygen. Many solutions to these challenges exist, but are not available due to poor market demands, prices, procurement and logistics.

Design flaws that ignore the realities of the environments into which they are introduced can be also a factor. Some contextappropriate devices are already having effects on care, from pulse oximeters for use during anaesthesia to portable solar power storage to ensure a night’s-worth of electricity. If these devices can be built, delivered, maintained, and integrated into the work and function of health facilities they could improve the surgical capacities of hospitals in LMICs.

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Data for good We have yet to fully make use of the digital revolution and distribute its benefits - fairly and inclusively - to people around the globe.

At a time when big data and AI are seen as an answer to many problems of the future, having access to information will become a privilege and a growing divide.

We want to empower people with the means and skills necessary to gain access to information,

make sense of it and use it to benefit to them and their communities.

An inclusive vision for the future and challengedriven innovation will ensure that the Information Age is an age for us all.

Workshop facilitators Lead facilitator

Harry Atkinson

Chris Gorst

Digital Content and Entrant Manager, Challenge Prize Centre, Nesta

Lead, Fintech Prize, Challenge Prize Centre, Nesta

Simona Bielli

Ricardo Santana

Head of Programmes, Nesta Italia

Project Manager, Challenges of our era summit, Nesta

Richard Duffy Foresight Researcher, Challenge Prize Centre, Nesta

Our partners

Challenges of our era summit

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Access to information is a necessity to make the world a more equal place Digitalisation is a force for good The digital revolution improved quality of life and brought prosperity to many people around the world. New ways to record, store, structure, search and make sense of various type of information have transformed the way we live our lives and - on the whole - enabled us to be more connected, informed and productive.

All of this has been possible due to the exponentially growing volume of data, 90 per cent of which was generated in the past two years. From satellites, personal computers and mobile phones to sharing digital records and consumergenerated data online, we are now on course to see 500-times more bytes of information being produced per second in 2018 than we produced daily in 1992.

It’s no surprise that we are setting our sights on AI and automation. In the fourth industrial revolution, human and machine will come together as one.

However, it’s time for a reality check. We have only scratched the surface of the transformative potential of the digital revolution. Our growing dependence on digital and big data infrastructures creates even more access barriers for people seeking to contribute to the global economy. The next step is to spread the benefits of good data technology in an effort to create a more equal world.

A lot of the good data technology already exists, it is just not evenly distributed across the world.

The World Bank

Access to data is a basic need The gaps in data availability around the world mirror the global inequalities of wealth and opportunity. Over half of the countries in the world do not even record accurate birth and death records, while an estimated 1.1 billion people in the planet do not have any form of identification. The lack of basic records makes it impossible to reach those in need and connect them with services and support like immunisations, microfinance, voting, aid, training and maternal care, to name a few – all of which could be facilitated by data-driven infrastructure.

Clearly, there is a demand for innovation in how we monitor, record and store information that can be easily integrated and scaled in the places of greatest need. A solid set of standards and good practice is the first step to help policy makers and innovators in identifying, prioritising and dealing with challenges.

We cannot achieve what we cannot measure.

Pali Lehohla, Statistics South Africa

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We want to connect people with services and data that will improve their quality of life Great needs offer great opportunities Being able to capture a rich data-set was also recognised as a great opportunity to create and monitor indicators for challenges associated with the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals.

Basic data like the penetration and use of internet or smartphones gives valuable insight into monitoring inequality, poverty or trust in local institutions to better inform international action.

Accurate, reliable, timely and disaggregated data is essential to achieving the 2030 Agenda’s seventeen Sustainable Development Goals.

Wu Hongbo, United Nations

Accessing valuable information and enabling services over mobile networks will be another opportunity. Uptake of mobile technologies in the Middle East and Africa, which were historically not well covered has exploded. Africa will be the driving force behind breaking the 6 billion mark of global smartphone users by 2020. Building on that success with the right information platforms will enable delivery of cost-effective services and transform people’s lives for the better.

Challenge Prizes The Challenge Prize Centre at Nesta is reaching out to the international community to bring into the spotlight the challenges of tackling inequality and building resilient communities with datadriven infrastructures.

We are strong supporters of stimulating new enterprise and endeavour with challenge-driven innovation and the domain of Data for Good is no different.

We have already done so with The Data Driven Farming Prize, our recent prize developed with USAID as part of the U.S. Government’s Feed the Future initiative.

The prize supported the creation of tools and approaches that source, analyse, and translate data into actionable, timely, and context-specific information for smallholder farmers to improve value from agricultural productivity in Nepal.

Data should no longer reside on computer servers at research institutes. We must make it open and accessible to Nepal’s farmers, agribusiness owners, and all stakeholders across the agriculture value chain.

Amy Tohill-Stull, USAID

Challenges of our era summit

The 4 Key Challenges 1. Modernising education How can we modernise education to be more widespread, inclusive and cost-effective?

areas, which decreases opportunities and makes life even harder for those who are not city dwellers.

According to UNESCO, the year 2015 saw 264 million school-age children not enrolled in school. Those in the greatest need – poorest and marginalised – face the biggest barriers.

Education is also a gender issue, as women around the globe are currently twice as likely to be illiterate.

In the poorest areas of the world, every additional year of education increases potential income by an average of 10 per cent.

Unfortunately, the top 20 per cent of wealthiest children are 4 times more likely to be in school than the poorest 20 per cent, propagating the cycle of poverty. Investing in new ways of delivering education provides the means for people to reduce poverty and inequality.

Children who are out of education are also twice as likely to come from rural

The world needs us to mobilise all available channels to deliver education to the poorest and most remote areas.

Alleviating the global education shortage will require ingenuity and innovation. Let us explore the potential of existing technologies to overcome the barriers to accessing quality education, irrespective of gender, location or status.

Digital solutions have a great potential for delivering it at scale.

3. Financial inclusion How can we improve people’s quality of life by providing them with financial tools?

design of such services with low-income populations in mind.

The World Bank reports that 2 billion working-age adults around the globe are excluded from using formal financial services. Almost one third of these are located in two countries – India (20.6 per cent) and China (11.6 per cent) – while nearly three quarters of the world’s financially excluded are located within 25 countries scattered across Africa, Central and South America and South-East Asia.

Digitalised financial platforms may hold the keys to many of these issues, as they have a great track record of providing decentralised and personalised services while benefiting from the economies of scale.

Out of those, 59 per cent of the unbanked cannot afford it. Even if they are wealthy enough, they may live too far away from a financial institution or do not have the right documents.

Clearly, financial services have a long way to go before becoming accessible to people who need them the most and there is an unprecedented demand for accelerating the

Good practice in this space includes – but is not limited to – innovative uses of biometrics for identification of the most vulnerable, digitising the process of microlending through community groups or textbased mobile banking.

If done correctly, this could dramatically improve people’s quality of life and future outlook by enabling them to cover the costs of education, healthcare, investments into their families and businesses and be prepared to deal with financial shocks.

2. Linking people and markets equitably How can we link supply and demand in way which is more efficient and fair?

Trade is a well-document determinant of growth and poverty reduction. Data has a great role to play in improving value chains with digital tools and transparent marketplaces.

We want to help people in accessing services and commodities that enable them to do new things and improve their quality of life.

Also, we ought to strive to reduce risk in the system and build trust between merchants and customers to grow resilience of local communities.

To achieve this, we need to support producers and merchants to be at the top of their game to deliver to the best of their ability. Having real-time insight into the ins and outs of their local market

conditions is invaluable and crowd-sourced digital platforms are an excellent tool for achieving this.

From weather forecasts, availability of fuel and planned redevelopments, disaster monitoring – there’s plenty of open-source information already out there and much more specialised data can be shared if we give people the means to do so.

In turn, data has the power to transform marketplaces to allow for growth, create jobs and improve value chains to offer better price and accessibility.

Data-driven platforms have the potential not only to remove the middle-man but also create an ecosystem which is much more transparent, accessible and efficient.

4. Evidence-driven governance How do we improve the impact of governance with fair and transparent decision-making tools?

Access to information is increasingly recognised as a fundamental component of good governance – both within and outside of government.

On any scale – locally, nationally or globally – you don’t have to look far to find examples of poor management that lead to wastage, bad investment and growth outcomes falling short of predictions.

Additionally, lack of platforms that offer transparency and include the voice of local communities incites distrust and paves the way to corruption – both actual and perceived.

We want to explore the good practice behind novel digital tools to reinforce proper governance. Openness will

be the key, but not only in terms of open source information.

Platforms need to be open to domain experts and everyday users alike to benefit from citizen-generated data and gain insight into opinions and trends.

Infrastructures will also need to be open and easy to use to enable creative people to find new useful applications for creating evidence and mapping out the need landscapes.

Another opportunity is to simplify processes for acquiring already available information which may be time- or resource-intensive to request otherwise.

The end goal is to empower decision-making with inclusive and data-driven tools that offer transparency, accountability and improve the positive impact of governance.

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Summit speakers biographies (A-Z by surname)

Kate Adams Director of Operations and Special Projects, Challenge Prize Centre, Nesta Working in the Challenge Prize Centre, Kate helps to shape and deliver the Centre’s future as it evolves from being a successful start-up to it’s next exciting chapter.

She is responsible for leading and developing key cross-team functions of the Centre, including Nesta’s research and development, events and communications, learning and impact, as well as working on organisational strategy, business development and leading on the management of special projects.

Before joining Nesta, Kate spent eight years at Comic Relief as Chief of Staff, growing new income streams, leading on strategy, leading cross-organisation change projects and managing key relationships including the Board of Trustees and Government.

This was preceded by seven years in management consultancy specializing in building effective and engaged workforces for various global, FTSE and third sector organisations. Kate is also the Chair of the charity Missing People.

Constance Agyeman Head of International Development and Communities, Challenge Prize Centre, Nesta @ConstanceAgyema Constance is Head of the Sustainable Communities team, leading on International Development and UK Prizes. Since joining the Centre in 2012, Constance has developed and delivered a number of challenges such as the Giving Challenges, Dynamic Demand and Longitude Explorer. She also works with a range of partners, such as World

Challenges of our era summit

Bank, USAID, Department for Work and Pensions, Cabinet Office and Essex County Council, to provide a range of consultancy services in strategic application of challenges, capacity development and design and delivery of challenges.

Constance previously managed a £50million match fund programme at vinspired, worked with the Greater London Authority and has headed up youth volunteering and grant management programmes. She also spent a number of years working for TimeBank and Mind, the mental health charity.

With over 20 years of experience in the voluntary sector, Constance still has a desire to empower innovators and entrepreneurs to develop the skills and knowledge to apply their ideas for social good and believes that fostering effective public/ private/voluntary sector collaborations to tackle specific social challenges is a great way to do that.

Constance is on the board of Youth Music, supporting life-changing music making. She also runs her own business, creating clothing and home furnishings with African textiles and sells her products online, at African Fairs and market stalls.

Iana Aranda President, Engineering for Change, LLC @iana_aranda

Day 2 - Data for good Iana is the President of Engineering for Change, LLC, a knowledge organisation and global community of over 1 million individuals dedicated to design and delivery of essential technologies for underserved communities. In this role, she is driving an agenda for a multidisciplinary and human-centered approach to international development enabled by digital platforms, partnerships with technical societies and knowledge infusing engineering rigor, innovation and talent to deliver sustainable solutions.

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Iana has over 12 years of experience in academic, research and nonprofit sectors focusing on the intersection of engineering design, business development and social responsibility. Her unique professional background has enabled her to be a knowledge broker and global connector with networks extending across science, technology, education, and global development sectors. Iana is an active agent for social change, with a proven record of creative problem solving, bridging diverse communities and employing lean business methods to advance social justice, engineering workforce readiness and evidence-based decision making.

Alessio Balduini CEO, Credit Data Research @Credit_Data_Res

Alessio is the CEO of Credit Data Research.

Alessio has more than 20 years of experience working in credit risk management. Prior to joining Credit Data Research, Alessio was a Managing Director at Moody’s Analytics were he headed the EMEA’s Sales Credi​​t Specialist Team and became a leading expert in Basel II stress testing. Prior to that he was Head of Quantitative Product Management at Standard & Poor’s.

Alessio has managed global and regional teams, product management and strategy, and lead sales. Alessio has published numerous articles on risk management and is regularly invited by the Faculty of Statistical Sciences at the University of Bologna to act as a visiting Professor for students undertaking an MA in Banking and Finance.

Alessio gained his Masters in Finance from the Cass Business School in London.

Rajan Man Bajracharya Founder, db2map

Rajan is the founder of USAID data-driven farming prize winner called GeoKRISHI. Bajracharya is also a system architect and leads Pathway Technologies and Services Pvt. Ltd. In parallel, Rajan has recently co-founded a social enterprise called Digital Data System for Development (DDSD) to democratize digital data infrastructure in Nepal. Rajan has work experience in the development sector, particularly in using technologies for solving societal benefit areas in the Hindu-Kush Himalayan (Mountain) Region.

With his progressive experience of 18 years in data, information and knowledge management, his contribution is valuable in mainstreaming many science-based applications and decision support system in solving environmental and livelihood challenges in the region.

Rajan’s major research interests are engaging in developing and applying data-driven solutions in demographic analysis, agriculture, health and energy.

Daniel Berman Lead, Global Health, Challenge Prize Centre, Nesta @danielberman10 Daniel leads the Global Health Team in the Challenger Prize Centre, which includes the Longitude Prize.

He most recently worked for the World Health Organization in Ethiopia on a local pharmaceutical production project and was the general director of Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) Southern Africa office in Johannesburg, South Africa. He brings to Nesta more than 15 years of

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international public health experience as well as expertise in stimulating and developing innovation in both medicines and diagnostic products. He also has experience in projects to create uptake of new health products and technologies.

Karen Boswell Head of Innovation, adam&eveDDB @scarletgeek Karen is Head of Innovation at adam&eveDDB, helping our clients evolve their businesses from both a strategic and implementation perspective, weaving together people and ideas to create and maintain cultures of innovation and agility.

With 15 years’ experience specialising in digital working as part of the wider marketing mix, she uses technology as an enabler to keep up with customer demand, shaping transformational strategies that disrupt in the right way but click together seamlessly.

Having instigated a culture of positive disruption and rapid innovation at adam&eveDDB, she helps teams and clients alike look at things differently; constantly challenging the norm, lifting the bar and breaking the rules.

She’s described as an instigator and an enabler, and with her finger on the pulse of emerging technologies will ensure the path of transformation your brand or organization is on, is one that is future proof.

Karen works across the agency’s clients, including Lloyds Banking Group, Aviva, Max Factor, Waitrose, Virgin Atlantic, the AA, Samsung, Marmite and Sky. Karen also sits on the advisory boards for VR Creative Summit and Immerse UK, charged with setting and pioneering the standards for emerging and enabling technologies such as AR, VR and MR. She also advises the agenda for Data and AI adoption, progression and standards for the KTN.

Challenges of our era summit

André Briend Pediatric Nutritionist and Creator, Plumpy’Nut

André, a Medical Doctor with a PhD in nutrition from the University of Paris has more than 30 years experience in researching pediatric nutrition in developing countries. As a scientist from the French Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD) he worked for several years in the Senegal (Office de Recherche sur la Nutrition et l’Alimentation Africaine) and the Bangladesh (International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh) and collaborated with many research projects in other developing countries. At that time, he worked mainly on the relation between malnutrition, breastfeeding and mortality and on the interactions between malnutrition and diarrhoea.

In the late 90’s, he played a key role in the development of Ready to Use Therapeutic Foods (RUTF) which led to a revolution in the management of severe acute malnutrition.

André joined WHO in 2004 at the department of Child and Adolescent Health and Development.

He retired from WHO in 2009 and is now Adjunct Professor at the University of Tampere, Department for International Health, Finland, and Affiliated Professor, Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.

Paul Bunje Chief Scientist and Vice President, XPRIZE @paulbunje Paul is the Chief Scientist at the XPRIZE Foundation, where he brings his unique ability to bridge the gap between science and society to the grand challenges facing our world. Paul leads the impact strategy across grand challenge domains

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at XPRIZE, combining expertise in incentive prizes, crowdsourcing, technology, and innovation with challenges that span civil society, environment, energy, health, and exploration. In particular, Paul is a global thought leader in bringing innovation to solve environmental grand challenges.

Paul is also the Co-Founder of Conservation X Labs, an organisation that brings innovation to global conservation threats.

Paul was the founding Executive Director of the UCLA Center for Climate Change Solutions, the Managing Director of the Los Angeles Regional Collaborative for Climate Action and Sustainability, and served on the World Economic Forum’s Global Agenda Council for Oceans.

Mario Calderini Full Professor, School of Management, Politecnico di Milano @mariocalderini

social innovation agenda in Italy, launching the sector’s first public consultation. He has been part of the Government’s Advisory Group that drafted the new law on social entrepreneurship. He is currently a member of the Government’s Task Force on Social Impact Investment. He sits in the Director’s Board of the newly established Nesta Italy Foundation.

Will Day Sustainability Advisor, PwC UK

For the last 10 years, Will has been Sustainability Advisor to PwC UK. In this role he works at Board and Executive team level with global and large national companies, and governments around the world, to help them better understand, and identify the strategic risks and opportunities that accompany the rapidly evolving global context.

In addition, he has the following current roles:

Mario, a Ph.D. in Economics from the University of Manchester, is full Professor at Politecnico di Milano, School of Management, where he teaches Social Innovation. He is the Director of Alta Scuola Politecnica and Executive Vice President of Fondazione Politecnico. He is the Director of Tiresia, the Politecnico di Milano School of Management’s Research Centre for Impact Finance and Innovation. He is a member of the Scientific Advisory Board of the Minister of University Research and Innovation and a Government’s Sherpa for the G7 Italian Presidency 2017.

• Fellow of the University of Cambridge Institute for Sustainability Leadership (CISL).

• Chairman of Water and Sanitation for the Urban Poor (WSUP), • Member of the P&G Sustainability Advisory Board.

• Board member of SDGLead, a Danish impact investment consultancy • Chairman of On Purpose, an NGO developing leaders for Social Enterprise • Member of the Council of Ambassadors of WWF (UK)

His numerous publications in highly ranked international journals cover several topics in the field of innovation and social impact finance.

He has been a member of the G8 Task Force for Social Impact Investment, he chaired the Italian Advisory Board on Social Impact Finance, he is the President of the Scientific Committee of the Social Impact Agenda for Italy Association (Italy’s NAB). He sits in the Italian Government’s Advisory Group on Social Entrepreneurship and Impact Measurement and he contributed to promote the

He was previously Chairman of the Sustainable Development Commission, the UK government’s independent advisory body. He was involved with the establishment of Comic Relief, a major UK fundraising and grant giving organisation, as it’s first Grants Director for Africa; was Chairman of the BBC Children in Need Appeal, and was Special Advisor to the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). For twelve years he was a Trustee, and latterly Chairman, of the Overseas Development Institute (ODI).

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Earlier in his career he worked for Save the Children Fund and Oxfam in humanitarian relief programmes in East Africa, was Director of the micro-savings and credit organisation Opportunity, and CEO of CARE International UK for eight years. He also worked for the BBC World Service, and was an Independent Assessor for the public appointments process for the UK’s Department or Culture, Media and Sport.

Tris Dyson Executive Director, Challenge Prize Centre, Nesta @trisdyson As Executive Director, Tris, leads the Challenge Prize Centre. He oversees Nesta’s challenge driven innovation projects and explores interesting new areas where their approach and expertise can have impact.

Tris is a social entrepreneur, having previously founded Spice that works to re-engage people and empower communities – an outfit which was named one of Britain’s New Radicals by the Observer and Nesta.

Chris Gorst Lead, Fintech Challenge Prize, Challenge Prize Centre, Nesta

Chris leads on Challenge driven innovation designed to stimulate and accelerate fintech and data-driven innovations.

Chris’s experience spans the public, commercial and social impact sectors and interactions between the three. He started his career in supply side policy and public finance at HM Treasury. In the commercial sector he has worked as a strategy consultant and in investment banking. In social impact, he has delivered a major capacity-building programme for UK small business leaders and developed impact measurement strategies for a wide range of non-profits.

Chris has a Masters degrees in Economics and in European Literature. In his spare time he is a keen (but green) Python coder. He is a volunteer mentor for the Year Here programme, which encourages talented graduates to develop innovative solutions to entrenched social challenges.

Tris was included in the Independent on Sunday’s alternative to the Sunday Times Rich List, ‘The 100 Happy List’ in 2012.

Carolina Haylock Loor

Among other things Tris has also run a university think tank, worked as a consultant, been a secondary school teacher and worked for an investment bank.

Anesthesiologist, Intensive Care and Interventional Pain Physician, Honduras, Central America

Dom Falcao Founder, Deep Science Ventures

Previously three years building Imperial College’s start-up community from zero to 3000 scientists, founded a social enterprise consultancy and worked in marketing at several digital start-ups.

Challenges of our era summit

Carolina is an Anesthesiologist, Intensive Care Physician and expert in Interventional Pain Medicine. She is also President of the Honduran Society of Anesthesia, Reanimation and Pain Therapy, President of the North West chapter of the Honduran Society for the Study and treatment of Pain and a member of the EPM (Essential Pain Management) Sub-Committee of the Australia and New Zealand College of Anaesthetists.

She is also a member of the World Federation of Societies of Anaesthesiology in Latin America.

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Paula HidalgoSanchis Manager, Pulse Lab Kampala (UN Global Pulse) @mariocalderini Paula has over 17 years of international professional experience as humanitarian and developer practitioner. For the last three years she has been based in Uganda working as manager of Pulse Lab Kampala, the third Lab of the UN Global Pulse. A motivated professional she has spent most of her career based in America, Asia and Africa and has working experience in more than 20 countries. Before Uganda, she worked as Social Policy Advisor and Manager of Innovations working with the United Nations Development Programme based in the Eastern Caribbean.

She has also worked as analyst and manager with the United Nations World Food Programme (WFP) based in Central America, Afghanistan and the Democratic Republic of North Korea. Before joining the UN, Paula worked as programme and operations manager with an NGO from Spain.

Paula has a strong technical background with specialised studies on international assistance. She holds a PhD in Geography and is the author of an awarded PhD thesis. An expert on Geographical analysis she is passionate about promoting the use of Big Data for the Public Good and Human Development.

Jana MacLeod Xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxx

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Emmanuel Makasa Honorary, Adjunct Professor of Global Health, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Witwatersrand Emmanuel was appointed Honorary Adjunct Professor in the School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences of the University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa on 1 April 2017. He has served for the last five years (2012 – 2017) as the Republic of Zambia’s Global Health Diplomat at the United Nations in Geneva and Vienna during which time he led the 194 Member States of the WHO to recognise and endorse Surgery and Anaesthesia as part of the Primary Health Care, as a component of Universal Health Coverage and the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. Additionally, Emmanuel was technical coordinator of Health Attachés’ from the African Unions’ Permanent Missions at the UN in Geneva (2014). A distinguished Orthopaedics and Trauma surgeon turned Global Health Diplomat, Emmanuel previously served as Deputy Director responsible for Emergency Health Services at the Ministry of Health, Zambia; as Secretary General of the Zambia Medical Association (ZMA) and Secretary General of the Surgical Society of Zambia (SSZ). He is an honorary Fellow of the College of Surgeons of East

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Central & Southern Africa (COSECSA). He serves on the Boards of Trustees of the G4 Alliance and the Lusaka Orthopaedics Research & Education Trust (LORET). He has also served as an honorary Lecturer at the University of Zambia, School of Medicine (UNZA-SoM). Emmanuel was the Hugh Greenwood Lecturer at BAPS (2017); the A J Orenstein Lecturer (2017); He is the past recipient of the Fulbright Scholarship, the Dr. Benjamin L. Van Duuren Travel Grant, the Ridge Bursary and the AO Foundation Educational Grant.

Amb. Neil Parsan Chairman, Global Alliance for Surgery, Obstetrics, Trauma and Anesthesia Care @nparsan

Day 2 - Surgical equity His Excellency Dr. Neil Parsan assumed the position of Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary to the United States of America, non-resident Ambassador to the United Mexican States, and Permanent Representative of Trinidad and Tobago to the Organization of American States (OAS) in February, 2011. He also held the Cabinet position of Executive Secretary for Integral Development at the Organization of American States (OAS) as confirmed by 34 countries through the Inter-American Council for Integral Development (CIDI) in September, 2015.

Neil earned his Undergraduate Medical Degree at the University of the West Indies, Faculty of Medical Sciences, where he graduated with Distinction. After spending eight years as a Lecturer/Tutor at the Faculty of Medical Sciences (UWI), he pursued a Master of Business Administration (MBA), where he graduated as Top Student with Distinction. He also holds a Registered Financial Consultant (RFC) Degree, a CACM from Harvard University School of Public

Challenges of our era summit

Health, and a World Trade Professional Degree from ITM Worldwide in Sweden. Neil was also awarded an Honorary Doctorate for Education, Culture, and Humanitarian work from the Americana University, registered with Cambridge University (UK) and the Congress of Mexico.

Neil is presently Special Advisor to The World Bank Group, President of the Board of Virtual Educa Global Alliance based in Washington DC; Chairman of the Board of Directors for the Global Alliance for Surgical, Obstetric, Trauma, and Anesthetic Care (The G4 Alliance) based in Chicago; Chairman of the Global Gas Council; Chairman of the International Gas Union (IGU) Global Ambassadors Network and a Director of the Young Americas Business Trust (YABT) and the Arthur Lok Jack Graduate School of Business (GSB) Alumni Board. He previously served as Chair of the Inter-American Council for Integral Development (CIDI) in 2014 and Chair of the Permanent Council in 2015. He was also the Chief Executive Officer of HealthNet Limited.

Neil has also been given the following recognition: Conferred the title of Colonel Honorable Neil Parsan by the Governor of the Commonwealth of Kentucky, U.S.A.; Award for Leadership by the City of Philadelphia and the Africa and Caribbean Business Council; Proclamation of Ambassador Dr. Neil Parsan Day in the Cities of Boston, Hartford, Doral, and Miami; Statesman Award from Memorial of Congressman Payne; and the key to the City of Broward County, Florida.

Neil is an Honorary Member of the International Committee on HIV/AIDS on Capitol Hill, the Women’s Foreign Policy Group, the American Association of People with Disabilities, and the Americas Society. Ambassador Parsan is also on the Board of Advisors of the National Student Leadership Foundation of the USA. He was a Director at several Companies and has consulted on several special projects locally and internationally.

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Sara Roversi Founder, Future Food and Executive Director, Food innovation Program Sara is a serial entrepreneur and startup specialist, constantly inspired and motivated by the search for new social scenery and new trends of communication, with the aim of bettering world through education, technology and food.

Stuart Russell Professor of Computer Science, University of California, Berkeley

Stuart received his B.A. with first-class honours in physics from Oxford University in 1982 and his Ph.D. in computer science from Stanford in 1986. He then joined the faculty of the University of California at Berkeley, where he is Professor (and formerly Chair) of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, holder of the Smith-Zadeh Chair in Engineering, and Director of the Center for Human-Compatible AI. He is a recipient of the Presidential Young Investigator Award of the National Science Foundation, the IJCAI Computers and Thought Award, the World Technology Award (Policy category), the Mitchell Prize of the American Statistical Association, and Outstanding Educator Awards from both ACM and AAAI. From 2012 to 2014 he held the Chaire Blaise Pascal in Paris. He is a Fellow of the American Association for Artificial Intelligence, the Association for Computing Machinery, and the American Association for the Advancement of Science. His book Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach (with Peter Norvig) is the standard text in AI; it has been translated into 13 languages and is used in over 1300 universities in 118 countries.

His research covers a wide range of topics in artificial intelligence including machine learning,

probabilistic reasoning, knowledge representation, planning, real-time decision making, multitarget tracking, computer vision, computational physiology, and philosophical foundations. He also works for the United Nations, developing a new global seismic monitoring system for the nucleartest-ban treaty. His current concerns include the threat of autonomous weapons and the long-term future of artificial intelligence and its relation to humanity.

Guatam Shetty Consultant Surgeon, Mullaji Knee Clinic & Arthritis R&D Limited

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Amrita Sukrity Founder & CEO, SpotSense, India @SpotSense

Amrita is the founder of SpotSense, India and has been working in he field of public health for last 3 years. She is a materials science graduate and is passionate about manufacturing, technology development and working with underserved communities.

a World Bank initiative that evaluates the cost effectiveness of health interventions, and the Lancet Commission on Global Surgery. He is a trustee of Lifebox (www.lifebox.org), a charity devoted to improving surgical safety worldwide, and leads its Clean Cut program, a multinational effort to improve surgical safety and prevent surgical infections.

Marco Zappalorto Chief Executive, Nesta Italia @MarcoZapp

Thomas Weiser Associate Professor, Department of Surgery, Stanford University Medical Center @tgweiser Thomas is an associate professor in the Department of Surgery at Stanford University Medical Center, where he practices general and emergency surgery and surgical intensive care.

He is on sabbatical at the Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh as a Visiting Professor. His research focuses on quality and safety of surgical care, and strategies for improving the safety and reliability of surgical delivery in resource poor settings.

From 2006-2009 he worked with the World Health Organisation’s Safe Surgery Saves Lives program to quantify the global volume of surgery and create, implement, evaluate, and promote the WHO Surgical Safety Checklist. He has been involved in the Disease Control Priorities Project,

Challenges of our era summit

Marco joined Nesta in 2011 and before setting up Nesta Italia he was Head of European Development and he contributed to the set-up of Challenge Prize Centre, and led most of the Centre’s European and international work.

Prior to Nesta, Marco worked for OmniCompete (now Innocentive), managing the execution of prize competitions in a wide range of sectors for both the public and the private sector.

He also worked for the London Chamber of Commerce and Industry where he provided advice to SMEs on European issues and opportunities.

Marco holds an MSc in European Political Economy from the London School of Economics and Political Science.

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Notes

Challenges of our era summit

Nesta is a global innovation foundation.

We back new ideas to tackle the big challenges of our time.

We use our knowledge, networks, funding and skills - working in partnership with others, including governments, businesses and charities. We are a UK charity but work all over the world, supported by a financial endowment. @nesta_uk nesta.org.uk Nesta is a registered charity in England and Wales with company number 7706036 and charity number 1144091.

Registered as a charity in Scotland number SC042833. Registered office: 58 Victoria Embankment, London, EC4Y 0DS.