PRECAST CONCRETE JEFFREY ALEX | TREVOR GOTFREDSON
WARM AIR RELEASE
RUNOFF COLLECTION AND TREATMENT
LIGHT FILTRATION
SOLID WASTE DISPOSAL
AIL FILTRATION AND COOLING
By the end of the century, 84% of the world’s population will be living in urban areas. However, urbanization has suppressed certain ecological systems, resulting in unbalanced urban ecologies. As cities grow, the increased use of building materials will continue, and its adverse effects on the natural environment is inevitable. An integration of ecological systems with an urban fabric will mitigate the externalities of harmful materials in growing urban areas. Concrete, the single most widely used material in the world, also has the highest carbon footprint. Its high embodied energy can be partially offset by re-introducing landscape to the environment. The efficiency of precast creates opportunity to return the ecological servants to the urban environment. Landscape must be designed as an inherent relationship to structure. The symbiotic relationship is a rebalancing of the urban equilibrium. Ailanthus altissima, a species proven to thrive in urban environments, has the potential play a vital role in the social, ecologic, and economic condition of a city. Although its invasive habit creates a stigma, its distinctive properties allow for it to benefit from a relationship with precast concrete. Uniting these two traditionally disparate elements creates an environment that is better than either element could create independently.
POLISHED EFFLUENT RELEASE
CONCEPT
INFRASTRUCTURE
LANDSCAPE INTEGRATION
GROWTH
PROCESS
PROGRAM
CLIMATE ANALYSIS Boston, Massachusetts
PROJECTED CONDITIONS
ANALYSIS humid continental climate
Boston is in a humid continental climate, which is a zone that is ideal for Ailanthus altissima to grow and serve an integral role. The climate allows us to support the environmental goals of the city. Boston is prone to variable weather patterns and a large seasonal temperature variance. This means that we need to account for both natural heating and cooling. The directional wind loads means we can take advantage of natural patterns using the Bernoulli Principle. Boston’s sun angles means that shading is necessary in the summer, but access to sunlight in the winter is ideal.
17%
11%
7%
degrees (fahrenheit)
90
N W
20%
70
E
11%
S
50
7%
30
16%
11%
ja
nu
fe ary br ua r m y ar ch ap ril m ay ju ne ju au ly se gu pt st em oc ber no tob ve er m de ber ce m be r
10
WIND DIECTION AND FREQUENCY
TEMPERATURE
24 hr warm
source: http://www.cityofboston.gov/climate/
cold
54%
74%
cool
comfortable
65%
49%
12 hr
TIME SPENT IN CERTAIN COMFORT ZONES
gu pt st em be r oc to no ber ve m be de r ce m be r
ly
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ju
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ay
m
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br
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to no ber ve m be de r ce m be r
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oc
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ju
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• City Government should immediately incorporate projected climate change into all planning initiatives and activities (climate adaptation)
freezing
hours of dailight
percent of day
34%
DAYLIGHT CONDITIONS
PRECAST CONCRETE MATERIAL SYSTEMS DIAGRAM
ADVANTAGES (compared to cast in place) Versatile: walls, floors detailing Increased quality conrol in factory over on site Year round manufacturing = less delays Reduced on-site construction Overall cost savings Labor savings
REINFORCEMENT TYPES
DISADVANTAGES (compared to cast in place) Roughly 150 pounds per feet3 = heavy Requires large cranes on site Higher maintenence because of joints Requires special considerations for wind & seismic loads (shear walls)
WELDED WIRE More flexible, stronger than traditional rebar More expensive Can be displaced during concrete pour Lightweight
ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS Allows for a variation of finishes Uses recycled materials Energy efficiency allows downsizing of HVAC systems Reduced energy consumption by 30% Less labor required Higher embodied energy than other materials
PRE/POST TENSIONING Greater strength, longer spans Thinner components Complex manufacturing + installation
FIRE RESISTANCE
FIBER REINFORCED CONCRETE 500 times more resistance to cracking 40% lighter than traditional conc More controlled Easier to work with Fibers are mixed with aggregate like cement
Column thickness
aggregate
FIBER Glass fibers Polypropylene Carbon Nylon Cellulose
thickness 1 hr 2 hr 4 hr
Siliceous
8”
10”
14”
Carbonate
8”
10”
12”
Sand- Lightweight
8”
9”
12”
Slab thickness
aggregate
REBAR Corrosion is major issue Heavy, more labor intensive, less flexible Inexpensive
thickness 1 hr 2 hr 4 hr
Siliceous
3.5”
5”
7”
Carbonate
3.2”
4.6”
6.6”
Sand- Lightweight
2.7”
3.6”
5.1”
SLAB TYPES SOLID
LOAD BEARING EXTERIOR WALL
+
FRAME
COLUMN
MODULAR UNIT
+
BEAM
LOAD BEARING INTERIOR WALL
SINGLE T
DOUBLE T
HOLLOW CORE
SOLID SLAB
=
FLOOR SLAB
25
0 100 88
75
50
25
0
EMBODIED CO2 100
50
100
75 63 45
25
0
relative % compared to traditional cast in place concrete
1,000 ft
n ca al c st on in cr tra pl ete ul d iti tra ac o e na hi gh lc on pe pr cre rfo ec te rm as an t ce co n pr cre ec te as t
50 75
15,000 sf
tio
ECONOMY OF PRECAST
tra di
75 100
n ca al c st on in cr tra pl ete ul di tra ac tio e na hi gh lc on pe pr cre rfo ec te rm as an t ce co n pr cre ec te as t
92 relative % compared to traditional cast in place concrete
TOTAL
tio
104 relative % compared to traditional cast in place concrete
10,000 sf
tra di
100
n ca al c st on in cr tra pl ete ul di tra ac tio e na hi gh lc on pe pr cre rfo ec te rm as an t ce co n pr cre ec te as t
0 100
tio
MATERIAL COMPARISON
tra di
50
n ca al c st on in cr tra pl ete ul di tra ac tio e na hi gh lc on pe pr cre rfo ec te rm as an t ce co n pr cre ec te as t
100
relative % compared to traditional cast in place concrete
150
tio
200
tra di
tra
e tim l be di tio r p na la l c sti on c cr e m te as on ry gl as s
st e
embodied energy (GJ)
PRECAST CONCRETE PRECAST EFFICIENCIES
MATERIAL SYSTEMS DIAGRAM COMMON SHIPPING SIZES
48’
WEIGHT 100
13’ 6”
OR 80,000 LBS
8’ 6” 48 ft
EMBODIED ENERGY
MATERIAL USE 100
75 59
50 39
25
0
BUILDING SYSTEMS STRUCTURE
ELEVATED WOOD FLOORING
GREY WATER FILTRATION AILANTHUS
ADJUSTABLE PEDESTAL
STANDARD FLOOR BAY
DRAINAGE CHANNEL
DRAINAGE CHANNEL
GROUTED SLEEVE
GROUTED SLEEVE
STANDARD FACADE BAY
BUILDING SYSTEMS STRUCTURE
GROUTED SLEEVE SHEAR GRID REINFORCING SANDWICH WALL INSULATION
HORIZONTAL DISPERSION OF ACTIVE LOAD
BEARING PAD EMBEDDED STEEL REINFORCING
CARBON FIBER REINFORCING HIGH PERFORMANCE CONCRETE
BUILDING SYSTEMS STRUCTURE
MATERIALS DETAIL
CONNECTIONS DETAIL
TRANSFER TO CONCRETE VAULT ELEVATED WOOD FLOORING ADJUSTABLE PEDESTAL
VENTILATION CHANNEL
PRECAST CONNECTIONS
BEAM ACTION SPLITTING LOAD
BUILDING SYSTEMS BUILDING SYSTEMS STRUCTURE STRUCTURE
COLUMN TRANSFER TO GROUND
ELEVATED FLOOR DETAIL
ELEVATED WOOD FLOORING ADJUSTABLE PEDESTAL
VENTILATION CHANNEL
PRECAST CONNECTIONS
LOAD PATHS ELEVATED FLOOR DETAIL FRAMING SYSTEM PLAN
BUILDING SYSTEMS FLOW STRATEGY
CLIFF WATER
OUTSIDE AIR
FACADE FILTRATION
GREY WATER
FRESH AIR
ENERGY
BUILDING PROGRAM 40 PERSONS
EXHAUST AIR
SOLID WASTE WASTE WATER
GROUND FILTRATION
BUILDING SYSTEMS WATER CIRCULATION
BUILDING SYSTEMS WATER CIRCULATION
CLIFF RUNOFF
RUNOFF WATER
RUNOFF WATER FROM COARSE FILTER
SAND
SAND
GRAVEL
GRAVEL
BUILDING SYSTEMS WATER CIRCULATION
REUSED AS GREY WATER
GREY WATER
INTAKE
FILTRATION
DISTRIBUTION
WASTE WATER
TREATED
GREY WATER
DISTRIBUTION PIPE
WASTE WATER
GRAVEL SAND BAFFLE
DRAINAGE
WASTE WATER IRRIGATION
COLLECTION
FILTERED
FILTRATION
RETURN
BUILDING SYSTEMS WASTE WATER
biogas flare
Facade Greywater Treatment
Primary Treatment sludge settling in baffled tank Secondary Treatment Phragmites rhizomes maintains hydraulic conductivity of filter bed while accumulating toxins
Tertiary Treatment Effluent is polished before release to waterway
PERFORMATIVE FACADE 4
1 SCREEN The buffer between the exterior landscape and the building functions for thermal mass and acts as a performative space. Precast concrete is used in a self-supporting screen to provide an armature for Ailanthus Altissima to grow on. Thus, it provides natural relief in an urban environment.
3
2
1
envelope
EXPLODED AXONOMETRIC
As the summer sun hits the screen, it is shaded by the tree. In the winter, more sunlight will enter and be used to heat the interstitial space.
2 INTERSTITIAL SPACE The multi-story space between the screen and the curtain wall is where the Ailanthus Altissima will grow from. This acts as a buffer between the urban fabric and the building, and provides a natural relief.
O2
O2 CITY POLLUTION
SILK WORM + HARVEST
NESTING + HUNTING
3 CURTAIN WALL The glass wall beyond the intersitial space traps warm air in the winter, and takes advantage of the shading from the trees in the summer to minimize warm air.
4 INTERIOR STRUCTURE The structure beyond the facade uses solid slabs on each level to span across columns. This leaves space on the underside of the slab for equipment and systems.
BUILDING SYSTEMS LIGHTING
MAXIMUM CONCRETE FOR THERMAL MASS
MODERATE SHADING AND AILANTHUS GROWTH SUPPORT
SOUTH WEST FACADE
THREE SIDED HARDSCAPE
SOUTH EAST FACADE
THREE SIDED SOFTSCAPE
MINIMAL SHADING FOR MAXIMUM LIGHT
NORTH EAST FACADE
BUILDING SYSTEMS BUILDING SYSTEMS LIGHTING LIGHTING
MODERATE SHADING AND AILANTHUS GROWTH SUPPORT
12’-0” HEIGHT OF OPENING
MAXIMUM CONCRETE FOR THERMAL MASS
SUMMER
24’-0” DEPTH SOUTH WEST FACADE
WINTER
MINIMAL SHADING FOR MAXIMUM LIGHT
+++ SHADING +++ COOLING
SOUTH EAST FACADE
NORTH EAST FACADE
+++ LIGHTING +++ HEATING
QUARRY HILLS The landscape infrastructure of our intervention responds to the inherent challenges of the site. Coupled with architecture, this hybrid creates a technical project that performs for both the site’s environment and social deficiencies. The intervention as a series allows people to experience the site with the same strategy that the landscape does. All systems enter the building separately, but are united within the hybrid infrastructure to exit and perform as an integrated system. Ultimately, we repurpose the byproducts of the existing landscape through our building to create value where none was before.
TREVOR, SEAN, JEFF LABOY / BISHOP
LANDSCAPE BUILDING RELATIONSHIP
SITE STRATEGY Intake
Centralized Treatment
STRUCTURE
Mix Release
Program
PROGRAM RELATIONSHIP
Decentralized Treatment
Infrastructure
Program
Service
Administration
Orientation
PHASING STRATEGY
Historical Use
TREVOR, SEAN, JEFF LABOY / BISHOP
Human Use
Current Use
Phase 1 Landscape Intervention
Phase 2 Program Intervention
Phase 3 Full Redevelopment
TREVOR, SEAN, JEFF LABOY / BISHOP
Site model in context
TREVOR, SEAN, JEFF LABOY / BISHOP
Modular condition model
QUARRY HILLS TREVOR • SEAN • JEFF
SANFORD GOLF DESIGN
2002
N 2000’
2015
N 2000’
watershed landfill surface drainage landscape buffer landscape buffer with building
native wetland and wooded swamp wetland potential
proposed road
SITE EDGES HUMAN USE
residential the masses of residential homes acts as a force to shape and constrain our site
pipelines pipelines restrict our site from being built in certain areas, limiting our boundaries
community spaces cultural and community spaces like athletic fields influence the edges of our site
residential
residential
quarry baseball field
residential car auction
algonquin pipeline
SITE DESIGN PHASING STRATEGY
H istor i ca l U s e
Huma n U se
Cu rre n t U se
Forest
Qu arry a nd L a nd fi l l
Gol f Cour s e R ed ev el op m e n t
Phas e 1 I nt e r v e n t i o n
P ha se 2 In te rv e n tio n
Ph ase 3 In te rv e n tio n
Ye ar 0 - 4 - L a ndsc a pe mo difi c a tion
Ye ar 4-15 - B ui l d i ng Cons t r uc t i on
Y ea r 15+ - Si t e R ed ev el o p m e n t
BUILDING CONCEPT SYSTEMS
runoff
clean water
methane leachate
biofuel BUILDING
heat
energy building waste
recreation industry
SYSTEMS
BUILDING ON A LANDFILL
RUNOFF
IRRIGATION
LEACHATE
WATER
ENERGY
AIR
BU I LD ING AS AN I N T E R VE N T ION MAS S ING S E CT I ON S
4
P U B L I C SPA CE
3
OUTPUT
2
PROGRAM
1
I NP U T
auditorium
dilution of water and leachate for irrigation
functionality in the intersitial space
gabion
4
3
2
1
BUILDING DESIGN SECTIONAL PERSPECTIVE
runo ff pump
l eachate
retent ion ba sin
sed imentat ion basin
intake
ret ention and sed imenta t ion
percipitation
relea se
water
dilution
leachate
settling tank
airation
hyperacumulation willow release
hyper a ccumula tion
r el eas e to w etl ands
BUILDING DESIGN
grey water use
SECTIONAL PERSPECTIVE
runoff
retention basin leachate
sedimentation basin
intake
retention and sedimentation
dilution and aeration
percipitation bioenergy
golf fertilizers+pestacides
nutrient stripping a. altissima forebay sedementation
grey water
nutrient stripping a. altissima dilution
hyperacumulation willow release
hyperaccumulation
release to wetlands
BUILDING DESIGN SECTIONAL PERSPECTIVE
energy use
methane
intake
moisture separator condenser chiller
electrical generator
exhaust
electricity
methane+carbon dioxide
generator
BU ILDIN G AS AN I N T E R V E N T IO N PO R O S I T Y DIA G R A M
CL O SU R E
the core essentials of a building in its simplest form for the function of intervention do not allow permability
P O R O SITY
opening the bar allows a point of entry not only for water, but for occupants as well
D IR E CTION
the building gives direction for the liquid towards irrigation, after being diluted inside
BUILDING DESIGN LOWER FOUNDATION
leachate
methane
collection
collection
recirculation pumps
sedimentation
sedimentation basin
sedimentation basin
sedimentation basin
electrical generator airation and dilution
hyperaccumulation
energy use
BUILDING DESIGN UPPER FOUNDATION
runoff
methane
collection
collection
retention
retention basin
retention basin
retention basin
electrical generator airation and dilution
hyperaccumulation
energy use
BUILDING DESIGN TYPICAL FLOOR
1
people
administration
A
B
circulation
C D
program
E
environment F
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
BUILDING DESIGN ELEVATIONS
east
west
BUILDING DESIGN ELEVATIONS
grey water use
runoff leachate
north
release to wetlands
grey water use
south
runoff leachate
intake
retention and sedimentation
dilurion and aeration
release to wetlands
QUARRY HILLS TREVOR • SEAN • JEFF
SANFORD GOLF DESIGN
JUNKSCAPE The integration of landscape with architecture allowed our building to use both ecology and mechanical systems for performative functions. Fitting systems into the interstital space created between the precast concrete strucure and the raised flooring gave a logical space for permanent systems. The space underneath the arch gives a space for non-permanent systems that can easily adapt to new programs. Ailanthus altissima became an important driver as an ecological system, not only for the form of the building, but also for the comfort of its users through shading and water filtration. The building design utilizes much of the on-site systems to satisfy the energy requirements of a lab space. The benchmark of 36 kWh/ sf/ yr of efficient lab buildings is achieved through passive systems, adequate and flexible shading, building orientation, and conscious insulation. The electricity is provided by taking the methane produced at a landfill and turning it into electrical energy. The heating and cooling requirements utilize hydronic radiant system that utilizes the heat produced in a landfill for building heat. During cooling months, the geothermal system cools the water to be circulated through the same radiant pipes. The water runoff from the golf course is naturally filtered and used as grey water for the building’s benchmark 14 gal/ sf/ yr demand. This same water is also used in the hydronic heating and cooling system. The net to gross ratio is .71. This is because the large structural system integrates passive building systems, taking up floorspace. The building’s FAR is not a fair representation of building space utilization because the site requires significant space for performance systems.
TREVOR, SEAN, JEFF LABOY / BISHOP
SANFORD GOLF DESIGN
TREVOR, SEAN, JEFF LABOY / BISHOP
Site & building model
mechanical systems
entry sequence
split-level interaction
greenhouse
scenario roofs
partial planting atrium concept
TREVOR, SEAN, JEFF LABOY / BISHOP
angled form for more sunlight
full planting
scenario facade
Concept sketches
SOCIAL
SO CIA L
ECONOMIC
Ag e n d a
ICE AGE
people need shelter and nourishment, which our building provides
con g u rat io n
building functions as greenhouse to grow food and warm gathering place to escape the cold
snow storage on flexible ground floor that is heated by leachate to provide fresh water
Rapid Globalization Causes Increased Temperatures
Greenland Ice Cap Melts
[5
[1 0
[7 5
ye ar s]
1
ye ar s]
CL IMATE
ye ar s]
E CON OM IC
CL IMATE
Pro gram
Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation Slows
North America Plunges into Ice Age
SC EN A R I O PLA N N I N G I NEQUALI TY
SOCIAL
SO CIA L
ECONOMIC
Ag e n d a
CASTE
Pro gram
people need universal education to break apart the caste system
Current Conditions
TREVOR, SEAN, JEFF LABOY / BISHOP
con g u rat io n GMO research provides foundation for sustenance in an increasingly diverse and unstable environment
[5
0
ye
ye
ar
ar
s]
s]
CL IMATE
[5
ar ye [1
0
2
s]
E CON O M IC
building provides space for golf club and GMO research/education, catalyzing interaction between two classes of people
CL IMATE
Education is Privatized
Unprivelaged Do Not Have Access to Education
Traditional Caste System Implemented
Scenario planning/strategies
TREVOR, SEAN, JEFF LABOY / BISHOP
Integrated systems diagrams
STRU CTU RA L SYS T E M
structural system precast concrete formed to create interstital space
HYDRON I C
HE ATI N G /COOL ING SYSTEM hydronic heating/cooling system under-floor
P ROG RA M -DE P E N D E NT
SYSTE MS program-dependent systems systems below the primary interstital space, able to function for future programs
TREVOR, SEAN, JEFF LABOY / BISHOP
R A IS E D F LO O R I N G S Y S T EM
raised floor system __ used to lift the floor and create interstital space between the structural bay and floor
WAT ER S U PPLY / R ET U R N
water supply/return system water system description here
RADON
radon
intake from basement cavity, and continuous piping for exhaust
D I S PLA C EM EN T
V EN T I LAT I O N S Yventilation S T EM displacement system under-floor air distribution
PLA N T I N G S Y S T EM
planting system planters on the facades will provide shade for the building
A LL S Y S T EM S
all systems
a bar creates a literal intervention between two landscapes
Comfort strategies diagrams
BUI LDING DE SIGN SE C TION P E R SP E C TIV E
passive ventilation TREVOR, SEAN, JEFF LABOY / BISHOP
active ventilation Section
SI TE SYSTE MS LAN DFILL
SI TE SYSTE MS WATERS HE D S
SI TE SYSTE MS BU ILDIN G L O C AT I O N
BUI LDING SY STE M S CON C EPT
runoff methane leachate
clean water BUILDING
heat
biofuel energy building waste
recreation industry
SCEN AR IO P LANNING PR OBABIL I T Y
e co no mi c environmental
technological As su re a s t h e s u nr ise
Whe n p ig s
political
globalization robotics, artificial intelligence partisanship
social
inequality climate change
y
SCEN AR IO P LANNING IN EQUALI T Y
SOC IA L
SOCIAL
E CO N OM IC
Ag en d a
CASTE
Pro gram
people need universal education to break apart the caste system
Current Conditions
[5
0
ye
ye
ar
ar
s]
s]
C L IMATE
[5
[1
0
ye
ar
s]
E CON O M IC
building provides space for golf club and GMO research/education, catalyzing interaction between two classes of people
Education is Privatized
Unprivelaged Do Not Have Access to Education
Traditional Caste System Implemented
C L IMAT E
con gu ration GMO research provides foundation for sustenance in an increasingly diverse and unstable environment
SCEN AR IO P LANNING CLIMATE C H A N G E
SOC IA L
SOCIAL
E CO N OM IC
Ag en d a
ICE AGE
Pro gram
people need shelter and nourishment, which our building provides
snow storage on flexible ground floor that is heated by leachate to provide fresh water
Greenland Ice Cap Melts
s] ar ye [5
ar ye 0 [1
5
ye
ar
s]
CL IMATE
[7
Rapid Globalization Causes Increased Temperatures
con gu ration
building functions as greenhouse to grow food and warm gathering place to escape the cold
s]
E CON OM IC
C L IMAT E
Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation Slows
North America Plunges into Ice Age
BUI LDING CONC EPT M AS S IN G D I A G R A M
IN TERVEN TION
SY STEM S
LIGHT
DEPTH
a bar creates a literal intervention between two landscapes
split the bar to accomodate the building systems
a shear split to expose more surface area on the interior to light
rotating the bars to open up the central area to more light
BUI LDING CONC EPT SU N PATH D I A G R A M
N
N
5
7
6
6 5
7
4
8
3
9 10
2 4
8 3
9 2
1
11
10 1
12
WI N TER
11
12
SUMMER
BUI LDING CONC EPT SP LIT-LEV E L I N T E R A C T I O N
c l a ss
work c l a ss l ab l ab
CL AS S R OOM + L A B
lab
lab
WORKSTATION S + L A B
BUI LDING CONC EPT SP LIT-LEV E L I N T E R A C T I O N
m e ch
me c h
c las s room
interstitial space
classro o m
interstitial space
interstitial space
lab
interstitial space
lab
w or ks tat io n s
interstitial space
wo r kst at io n s
interstitial space
interstitial space
lab
interstitial space
lab
c las s room
interstitial space
classro o m
interstitial space
entranc e
e x
CL AS S R OOM + L A B
e n t r an ce
e x
WORKSTATION S + L A B
BUI LDING DE SIGN SE C TION P E R SP E C TIV E
passive ventilation
active ventilation
BUILDING DESIGN LOWER FOUNDATION
Thermal Envelope Chilled Beams Raised Floor
Insulated Sandwich Slab Precast Columns Ultra High Performance Precast Concrete Openings for Leachate Collections Gabions for Runoff Collection
LANDFILTER The integration of landscape with architecture allowed our building to use both ecology and mechanical systems for performative functions. Fitting systems into the interstital space created between the precast concrete strucure and the raised flooring gave a logical space for permanent systems. The space underneath the arch gives a space for non-permanent systems that can easily adapt to new programs. Ailanthus altissima became an important driver as an ecological system, not only for the form of the building, but also for the comfort of its users through shading and water filtration. The building design utilizes much of the on-site systems to satisfy the energy requirements of a lab space. The benchmark of 36 kWh/ sf/ yr of efficient lab buildings is achieved through passive systems, adequate and flexible shading, building orientation, and conscious insulation. The electricity is provided by taking the methane produced at a landfill and turning it into electrical energy. The heating and cooling requirements utilize hydronic radiant system that utilizes the heat produced in a landfill for building heat. During cooling months, the geothermal system cools the water to be circulated through the same radiant pipes. The water runoff from the golf course is naturally filtered and used as grey water for the building’s benchmark 14 gal/ sf/ yr demand. This same water is also used in the hydronic heating and cooling system. The net to gross ratio is .71. This is because the large structural system integrates passive building systems, taking up floorspace. The building’s FAR is not a fair representation of building space utilization because the site requires significant space for performance systems.
TREVOR, SEAN, JEFF LABOY / BISHOP
TREVOR, SEAN, JEFF LABOY / BISHOP
Site model photos
TREVOR, SEAN, JEFF LABOY / BISHOP
Building model photos
TREVOR, SEAN, JEFF LABOY / BISHOP
Wall section model photos
TREVOR, SEAN, JEFF LABOY / BISHOP
Sketches
PHASE 1
LANDSCAPE SYSTEMS
Excavation to create a berm for lechate filration
PHASE 2
BUILDING INTEGRATION
Building to encourage interaction and research
PHASE 3
BUILDING ADAPTATION
Building construction
Program transition
Lechate filtration
Ailanthus introduced
Silkworms introduced
Capacity
Researchers & golfers
Locals & strangers
Program and use is adapted for an iceage scenario
BUILDING LIFE
ECOLOGY
SOCIETY
as sure as the sun rises
TREVOR, SEAN, JEFF LABOY / BISHOP
when pigs fly
Future scenarios & strategies
PHASE 1
P H A SE 2
SYSTEMS DIAGRAM
PHASE 1
LANDSCAPE SYSTEMS
Excavation to create a berm for lechate filration
PHASE 2
PHASE 3
BUILDING INTEGRATION
BUILDING ADAPTATION
TODAY
as sure as the sun rises
when pigs fly
PHASE 2
P H A SE 3
SYSTEMS DIAGRAM
PHASE 1
LANDSCAPE SYSTEMS
PHASE 2
BUILDING INTEGRATION
Building to encourage interaction and research
PHASE 3
BUILDING ADAPTATION
2020
PHASE 3
TREVOR, SEAN, JEFF LABOY / BISHOP
as sure as the sun rises
when pigs fly
Integrated systems diagram
WATER SUPPLY EXHAUST TO HEAT EXCHANGER
SUPPLY FOR FUTURE USE
WATER SUPPLY PEDESTALS RADIANT COLD WATER RETURN FRESH AIR SUPPLY
PRECAST CONCRETE STRUCTURE
AIR RETURN
FRESH AIR SUPPLIED FROM BELOW
RADIANT HOT WATER SUPPLY FROM HEAT EXCHANGER RADIANT HEATING & COOLING SYSTEM
ALL SYSTEMS comfort systems integration, considering heating/cooling, ventilation, and water supply
TREVOR, SEAN, JEFF LABOY / BISHOP
Comfort strategy diagram
envelope
structure
berm
foundation
willow field
TREVOR, SEAN, JEFF LABOY / BISHOP
Construction process diagram
WATER SUPPLY
SUPPLY FOR FUTURE USE
AILANTHUS FOR SHADE
FRESH AIR SUPPLY
PLANTER BOXES AND GRAY WATER FILTRATION SYSTEM RADIANT HOT WATER SUPPLY FROM HEAT EXCHANGER
DOUBLE SKIN FACADE FOR HEATING THROUGH GREENHOUSE EFFECT
PEDESTAL GLASS ENVELOPE CUTAIN WALL FOR THERMAL ENCLOSURE
RADIANT HEATING & COOLING SYSTEM
TREVOR, SEAN, JEFF LABOY / BISHOP
Peel away axon wall section
TREVOR, SEAN, JEFF LABOY / BISHOP
Phase 2 site plan
TREVOR, SEAN, JEFF LABOY / BISHOP
Phase 3 site plan
BUI LDING D E SIGN M AIN LEVE L P L A N
1 A
B
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
offices
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
offices
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
offices
C
cafe
gallery
function
D
TREVOR, SEAN, JEFF LABOY / BISHOP
Main level plan; 1/32” = 1’-0”
BUI LDING D E SIGN TYPIC AL L E V E L P L A N
1
2
3
4
5
A
B
C
6
7
8
9
golfers lounge
10
11
12
13
14
15
workstations
lab
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
workstations
lab
lab
D
TREVOR, SEAN, JEFF LABOY / BISHOP
Typical level plan; 1/32” = 1’-0”
BUI LDING D E SIGN BA S EM EN T L E V E L 1 P L A N 1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
A
leachate
power room B
runnel C
storage treated leachate D
TREVOR, SEAN, JEFF LABOY / BISHOP
Basement level 1 plan; 1/32” = 1’-0”
BUI LDING D E SIGN BA S EM EN T L E V E L 2 P L A N 1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
pump room
A
power room B
C
storage
D
TREVOR, SEAN, JEFF LABOY / BISHOP
building functions
landscape functions
building functions
Basement level 2 plan; 1/32” = 1’-0”
BUI LDING D E SIGN EG RES S
MAIN LEVEL TYPICAL LEVEL
EGRESS ROUTE STAIR ENTRY EGRESS STAIR
TREVOR, SEAN, JEFF LABOY / BISHOP
Life safety plans; 1/32” = 1’-0”
TREVOR, SEAN, JEFF LABOY / BISHOP
South elevation
TREVOR, SEAN, JEFF LABOY / BISHOP
East elevation
TREVOR, SEAN, JEFF LABOY / BISHOP
West elevation
classroom
lab
workstations reinforced berms
lab
classroom
cafe
phytoremediation plantation
retention leachate settling
TREVOR, SEAN, JEFF LABOY / BISHOP
heat exchange
dilution
Phase 2 section
greenhouse
temporary dwelling
silkworm harvesting
temporary dwelling
reinforced berms
food storage
temporary dwelling
amenities
melt water
melt water leachate settling
TREVOR, SEAN, JEFF LABOY / BISHOP
heat exchange
black water
Phase 3 section
lab lab public systems systems
TREVOR, SEAN, JEFF LABOY / BISHOP
Transverse section
LANDFILTER
TREVOR • SEAN • JEFF
SITE
CURRENT CONDITION
SITE
LANDFILLS
SITE
WATERSHEDS
SITE
MASTERPLAN
SITE
MASTERPLAN AXON
D U R A B I L I T Y + C A PA B I L I T Y
BUI LDING SY STE M S CON C EPT
runoff methane leachate
water BUILDING
heat
biofuel energy building waste
precast concrete
ailanthus altissima
PH ASE 1
SY S TEMS D I A G R A M
PHASE 1
LANDSCAPE SYSTEMS
Excavation to create a berm for lechate filration
PHASE 2
BUILDING INTEGRATION
PHASE 3
BUILDING ADAPTATION
TODAY
as sure as the sun rises
when pigs fly
PH ASE 1 EX C AVATIO N
CONSTRUCTED BERM
EXCAVATION FOR FOUNDATION
PH ASE 1
LEAC HATE E X T R A C T I O N
COLLECTION
STORAGE RETENTION/SETTLING TANK
LEACHATE TREATMENT IRRIGATION FOR WILLOW TREES
PH ASE 1 IRRIGATIO N
STORAGE
LEACHATE TREATMENT IRRIGATION FOR WILLOW TREES
PH ASE 2
SY S TEMS D I A G R A M
PHASE 1
LANDSCAPE SYSTEMS
PHASE 2
BUILDING INTEGRATION
Building to encourage interaction and research
PHASE 3
BUILDING ADAPTATION
2020
as sure as the sun rises
when pigs fly
PH ASE 2
BU ILDIN G I N T E G R AT I O N
AILANTHUS INTRODUCED
BUI LDING INTE GR AT IO N SY S TEMS
reinforced beams
phytoremediation plantation
retention leachate settling
heat exchange
dilution
BUI LDING INTE GR AT IO N PR OGRAM
classroom workstations classroom ofďŹ ces
lab lab cafe
C O M FO RT SY STEM I N TEG R ATI O N
PRECAST CONCRETE STRUCTURE
S TR UC TUR AL SY STEM precast concrete formed to create interstital space
PEDESTALS
RA I SED FL O O R I N G SY STEM pedestals used to lift the floor and create interstital space between the structural bay and floor
EXHAUST TO HEAT EXCHANGER
FRESH AIR SUPPLY
AIR RETURN
FRESH AIR SUPPLIED FROM BELOW
DI SPL AC EM EN T VEN TI L ATI O N SY STEM under-floor air distribution
RADIANT COLD WATER RETURN
RADIANT HOT WATER SUPPLY FROM HEAT EXCHANGER RADIANT HEATING & COOLING SYSTEM
H Y DR O N I C HEATI N G / C O O L I N G SY STEM under-floor
WATER SUPPLY
WATER SUPPLY
WATER SUPPLY / R ETUR N water system supplied for building use
SUPPLY FOR FUTURE USE
PR O G R AM -D EPEN D EN T SY STEM S systems below the primary interstital space, able to function for future programs
WATER SUPPLY EXHAUST TO HEAT EXCHANGER
SUPPLY FOR FUTURE USE
WATER SUPPLY PEDESTALS RADIANT COLD WATER RETURN FRESH AIR SUPPLY
PRECAST CONCRETE STRUCTURE
AIR RETURN
FRESH AIR SUPPLIED FROM BELOW
RADIANT HOT WATER SUPPLY FROM HEAT EXCHANGER RADIANT HEATING & COOLING SYSTEM
AL L SY STEM S comfort systems integration, considering heating/cooling, ventilation, and water supply
FACA DE SYSTEM
PRECAST CONCRETE STRUCTURE AS FINS
I N TER I O R FI N S for shading in addition to ailanthus
GLASS ENVELOPE CURTAIN-WALL
PR I M ARY EN C L O SUR E glass envelope curtain-wall
CORTEN STEEL SUPPORT FOR PLANTER BLOCKS
FR AM I N G SY STEM frame to hold either glass or planter blocks
DOUBLE SKIN FACADE
DO UB L E SK I N C O N DI TI O N double-skin glass facade
AILANTHUS ALTISSIMA TO PROVIDE SHADE
A I L AN TH US C O N DI TI O N ailanthus altissima used on facade for shading
A I L AN TH US C O N DI TI O N ailanthus altissima used on facade for shading
PH ASE 3
SY S TEMS D I A G R A M
PHASE 1
LANDSCAPE SYSTEMS
PHASE 2
BUILDING INTEGRATION
PHASE 3
BUILDING ADAPTATION
Program and use is adapted for an iceage scenario
2070
as sure as the sun rises
when pigs fly
PH ASE 3
BU ILDIN G A D A P TAT I O N
GREENHOUSE
BUI LDING AD AP TAT IO N SY S TEMS
reinforced berms
melt water leachate settling
melt water heat exchange
black water
BUI LDING AD AP TAT IO N PR OGRAM
temporary dwelling temporary dwelling temporary dwelling
ofďŹ ces
greenhouse silkworm harvesting food storage
amenities
L A N D F I LT E R
SEAN KLINE, JEFF ALEX, TREVOR GOTFREDSON
6
Urban Landfills hold a potential to support evolving urban uses over time. The former Quincy and Milton landfills, capped in the hills just south of Boston, provide urban communities with a recreational hilltop.
2
In its current condition, vast physical surfaces of light recreational use shed nutrient-laden runoff to surrounding watersheds. Below the surface, toxic landfill leachate threatens ecological and public health. A new thriving ecotone between golf course and forest would intercept, convert, and redirect waste products as useful resources for urban life. Concrete’s high embodied energy can be partially offset by re-introducing landscape to the environment. Designing landscape that intrinsic to structure creates a symbiotic relationship that performs for the environment.
3
5
4
7
1
1
existing wetland system
2
existing golf course
3
extended perimeter road
4
connection to blue hills trails
5
landfill expansion berm
6
intercepted runoff
7
proposed building
8
willow plantation
8
4
BUILDING PHASES phasing strategies
PHASE 1
LANDSCAPE SYSTEMS
Excavation to create a berm for lechate filration
PHASE 2
BUILDING INTEGRATION
Building to encourage interaction and research
PHASE 3
BUILDING ADAPTATION
Program and use is adapted for an iceage scenario
1
Building construction
Program transition
Lechate filtration
Ailanthus introduced
Silkworms introduced
Capacity
Researchers & golfers
Locals & strangers
BUILDING LIFE
ECOLOGY
SOCIETY
as sure as the sun rises
when pigs fly
L A N D F I LT E R SEAN KLINE, JEFF ALEX, TREVOR GOTFREDSON
Urban Landfills hold a potential to support evolving urban uses over time. The former Quincy and Milton landfills, capped in the hills just south of Boston, provide urban communities with a recreational hilltop. In its current condition, vast physical surfaces of light recreational use shed nutrient-laden runoff to surrounding watersheds. Below the surface, toxic landfill leachate threatens ecological and public health. A new thriving ecotone between golf course and forest would intercept, convert, and redirect waste products as useful resources for urban life. Concrete’s high embodied energy can be partially offset by re-introducing landscape to the environment. Designing landscape that intrinsic to structure creates a symbiotic relationship that performs for the environment. 1 3
2
1
new landfill cells
2
adapted building
3
heated road
4
sow melt
BUILDING PHASES phasing strategies
4
PHASE 1
LANDSCAPE SYSTEMS
PHASE 2
BUILDING INTEGRATION
PHASE 3
BUILDING ADAPTATION
Excavation to create a berm for lechate filration
Building to encourage interaction and research
Program and use is adapted for an iceage scenario
IN TERVEN TI O N
S YS T E M S
LIGHT
DEPT H
a bar creates a literal intervention between two landscapes
split the bar to accomodate the building systems
a shear split to expose more surface area on the interior to light
rotating the bars to open up the central area to more light
G DESIGN
P LA N
LEVEL 1
1 A
B
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
offices
10
11
12
13
14
15
offices
16
17
18
19
20
21
offices
C
cafe
D
gallery
function
22
23
24
25
envelope
structure
berm
foundation
willow field
NG DESIGN
V E L PLAN
TYPICAL LEVEL
1
2
3
4
5
A
B
C
D
6
7
8
9
golfers lounge
10
11
12
13
14
15
workstations
lab
16
17
18
19
20
21
workstations
lab
lab
22
23
24
25
BUILDING DESIGN facade strategies
AILANTHUS
PLANTER BLOCKS CORTEN STEEL
GLASS ENVELOPE
SOUTH ELEVATION
WEST ELEVATION
EAST ELEVATION
A I L A N T H U S C ON D I T I ON ailanthus altissima used on facade for shading
PHASE 2
experiential strategies
classroom
lab
workstations reenforced berms
lab
classroom
cafe
retention leachate settling
heat exchange
dilution
PHASE 3
experiential strategies
greenhouse
temporary dwelling
silkworm harvesting
temporary dwelling
reinforced berms
food storage
temporary dwelling
amenities
melt water
melt water leachate settling
lab lab public systems systems
heat exchange
black water
phytoremediation plantation