Marshall DeGarmo | Northeastern University | SUEN 7130 | Scott Bishop
DISPLACEMENT IN CONTEXT
Historical Displacement
7.8 (47%) 2.6 (4%) 0.6 (6%) 1.7 (2%) 1.3 (2%)
4.3-13.1 (1-4%) 50.5 (4%) 1.0 (2%)
.08 (6%)
0.57 (7%)
12.6 (1%)
African Slave Trade (1400-1800)
Irish Potato Famine (1845-49)
Chinese Immigration (1848-1882)
Gold Rush (1848-1855)
Holocaust - Displacement (1933-1945)
Great Migration (1940s-1960s)
1.0 (4%)
4.7 (9%) 10.2 (7%)
12.8 (10%)
8.2 (12%)
6.2 (7%) 23.4 (26%)
1.2 (4%)
GLOBAL DISPLACEMENT
Largest Contributors to Global Carbon Emissions - Lifetime Country
Contribution
Displacement
Discrepancy
U.S.A
27%
4%
23%
China
11%
4%
7%
Russia
8%
<1%
7%
10.2 (4%) 1.7 (1%)
Syrian Civil War (2015-)
Climate Change (Global) 2100 760 Million to 1 Billion Displaced
Climate Change (US) 2100
GLOBAL REDISTRIBUTION METRICS
1 Million US Migrants 1 Million International Migrants
Method 1: “Carbon Accountability” Redistribution is based on lifetime contribution to greenhouse gas emissions. National Burden: 13 MILLION DOMESTIC
227 MILLION INTERNATIONAL
240 MILLION CLIMATE REFUGEES
Method 2: “Spatial Accountability” Redistribution is based on spatial availability. National Burden: 13 MILLION DOMESTIC
51 MILLION INTERNATIONAL 64 MILLION TOTAL REFUGEES
Method 3: “Self-Interest” Redistribution is handled locally. National Burden:
13 MILLION DOMESTIC 0 INTERNATIONAL 13 MILLION TOTAL REFUGEES Marshall DeGarmo | Northeastern University | SUEN 7130 | Scott Bishop
SHIFTING CONTEXT: UTILIZING THE OPENING OF THE NORTHWEST PASSAGE
The North Pacific and Atlantic Gyres provide a potential source of MATERIALS whose sourcing could have a significant impact on the viablility of coastal populations.
The Great Pacific Garbage Patch contains potentially billions of tonnes of sourceable plastics, creating an opportunity for a significant reduction of nonsustainably sourced materials
Marshall DeGarmo | Northeastern University | SUEN 7130 | Scott Bishop
UTILIZING MARINE PLASTICS Energy Recovered
~30%
Emissions Prevented
NET GAIN Externalities
.5-.6 tons CO2
1 ton Material
Faster Shipping Routes
Surface Debris
76-88% Polystyrene and Polyethylene Containers
~50%* MicroPlastics
1.3-1.7 tons CO2 1 ton Material
1.0-1.5 tons CO2 1 ton Material * Under Current Methods
Repurposed Materials
Healthier Ecosystem
Marshall DeGarmo | Northeastern University | SUEN 7130 | Scott Bishop
NATIONAL REDISTRIBUTION: RETHINKING DENSITY IN THE RUST BELT
Grand Rapids, MI Area: 48.3 sq mi Density: 4,235/sq mi
Detroit, MI Area: 142.87 sq mi Density: 5,142/sq mi Greater Metro Area Area: 1337 sq mi Density: 2,792.9/sq mi
Milwalkee, WI Area: 96.1 sq mi Density: 6188.3/sq mi
Chicago, IL Area: 227.6 sq mi Density: 11,841.8/sq mi Greater Metro Area Area: 10,857 sq mi Density: 896.2/sq mi
Buffalo, NY Area: 40.4 sq mi Density: 6470.6/sq mi
Rochester, NY Area: 35.8 sq mi Density: 5,884.9/sq mi
Cleveland, OH Area: 77.7 sq mi Density: 5107.2/sq mi
Boston, MA Area: 48.3 sq mi Density: 12,792.7/ sq mi
Pittsburgh, PA Area: 55.4 sq mi Density:5521.4/sq mi
Baltimore, MA Area: 80.9 sq mi Density: 7,671.5/sq mi
Marshall DeGarmo | Northeastern University | SUEN 7130 | Scott Bishop
NATIONAL REDISTRIBUTION: RETHINKING DENSITY IN THE RUST BELT 2016
2030
2050
2100
NET GAIN
TOTAL
Boston
2 Million
Grand Rapids
1 Million
Rust Belt
16 Million
Chicago + Metro Area
44 Million
Great Lakes
~ 63 Million 1,000 mi2
RELATIVE DENSITY
20,000 mi2 Marshall DeGarmo | Northeastern University | SUEN 7130 | Scott Bishop
RECOGNIZING THE NEED FOR A PLANNED MIGRATION FRAMEWORK
21
20
00
16
Global Fallout
Initial Capacity
CURRENT TIMELINE
Territorial Conflict Renewable-Backed Capacity
Planned Migration
Sustanable Migration Framework
Unplanned Migration
MIGRATION + DEVIATION Marshall DeGarmo | Northeastern University | SUEN 7130 | Scott Bishop
ESTABLISHING A SUSTAINABLE FLOW OF MATERIALS Jobs
Food
Organic compounds from VERTICAL AGRICULTURE can be used to assist in the synthesis of NANOMATERIALS
By producing prefabricated dwellings, we can design for their INTEGRATION into more permanent structures, allowing for increased DENSITY as well as REDUCED building times as they are assembled into MOSAIC STRUCTURES
Advancements in the use and implementation of COMPOSITE MATERIALS provide far-reaching benefits, including more efficient SOLAR, lighter and stronger BUILDING MATERIALS, and the more efficient TRANSPORT of environmentally sourced materials
Vertical Agriculture
Rewnewable Transport
Carbon Sequestriation Material Cycling
Renewable Solar
RENEWABLES
SOURCING
Marine Plastics
Prefabricated Migrant Housing
NanoMaterials
Transitory Settlements
Composite Materials
MATERIALS
Residential Assembly
CONDITION INTERVENTION CREATED EXTERNALITIES
BUILDING FOR DENSITY Marshall DeGarmo | Northeastern University | SUEN 7130 | Scott Bishop
COASTAL STRATEGIES AND CARBON BUDGETING
Coastal Inundation
Coastal Cities must design for increased density in the face of rising seas; some of this will require the relocation of established neighborhoods
MATERIAL CYCLING will allow for minimal waste in those areas where deconstruction is necessary
Marshall DeGarmo | Northeastern University | SUEN 7130 | Scott Bishop
REDEVELOPMENT outside areas threatened by inundation will allow for both TRANSITORY COMMUNITIES and more permanent settlements
CARBON OFFSETS will be necessary to account for the large amount of redevelopment needed, despite the reduced environmental impact inherent in the framework
Urban Relocation
RECOGNIZING TYPOLOGICAL DISCREPANCIES | CHICAGO
Single Family Housing
$403k
$191k
$170k
Cook County Correctional
$131k
$103k
Townhouses
University of Illinois at Chicago
Apartments
$791k $600k
$495k
$313k
$339k
$548k
$588k
$518k
$450k
$409k
$412k
$490k
$512k
$532k
$492k
$412k
$527k
$542k
$501k
$542k
$500k
$496k $347k
$319k
$314k
$294k
$333k
$371k
$433k
$338k
$401k
$430k
CHICAGO 2016 $1,000+
Property Value (Thousands)
RAIL
RAIL
Freeway
Freeway
Freeway
Freeway
$600 (<1000 Households)
$200
Franklin Park
Vegetative Density University of Illinois
University Village
Little Italy
Medical District
No Pop. Data
COOK COUNTY JAIL
(Merged 1969)
400 ft
Land Use Central Business District Parkland Industrial Migratory Communities Historical Redlining
Marshall DeGarmo | Northeastern University | SUEN 7130 | Scott Bishop
TYPOLOGICAL DENSITY FRAMEWORK | CHICAGO
Marshall DeGarmo | Northeastern University | SUEN 7130 | Scott Bishop
800 mi2
2016
1,000-2,500 mi2
2030 5,000-7,500+ mi2
2050
PR E DA SEN Y T
10,000-15,000+ mi2
Y R
A
R
O
P
M
E
T
2100
G
IN
S
U
O
H CH
AN
GI
NG
TY
PO
LO
GI
CA
L IN ON TE GGR TE AT RM IO N LC
ON
DI
TIO
NS
SU S FU TAIN TU AB RE LE
Blue Hills Ave
RECOGNIZING TYPOLOGICAL DISCREPANCIES | BOSTON
$610k $580k $435k $455k $415k $500k
$370k
$450k
$400k $330k $518k
$4.31M
$2.5M/Unit
BROOKLINE
Vegetative Density
Land Use
$590k
$700k
$395k
$480k $415k
$1.41M $1.1M $1.3M
$395k
$891k
$340k $576k $598k
$370k
$736k
$1.61M
$310k
$896k
$1.80M $1.14M
$1.5M $898k
JAMAICA PLAIN
$914k
$1.82M
$849k
$750k
$1.06M
ROXBURY DORCHESTER
ROXBURY
SOUTH BOS
SOUTH END
Mass Pike
DOWNTOWN
NORTH END
Country Club (<400 Households) Blue Hill Ave Franklin Park (<50 Households)
Correctional Facilities
EXPRESSWAY EXPRESSWAY
$200
$500k
EXPRESSWAY EXPRESSWAY
$600
$400k
$1.81M
$1,000+
Property Value (Thousands)
$338k
Central Business District Parkland Industrial Migratory Communities Historical Redlining
Marshall DeGarmo | Northeastern University | SUEN 7130 | Scott Bishop
TYPOLOGICAL RELOCATION FRAMEWORK | BOSTON
Marshall DeGarmo | Northeastern University | SUEN 7130 | Scott Bishop
12,000 mi2
2100 8,000 mi2
2050
SE
N S IO T T A EN IN M L E A V S O E R D P IM
RE
TT
LE
10,000 mi2
2030
ME
NT
12,000 mi2
I WI NTE HO TH GR US EX AT IN IST ION G IN G CH
2016
AN
TE GI
NG
MP
TY
PO
LO
OR
AR YH
GI
OU
CA
LC
ON
DI
SIN
G
00
21
50
TIO
NS
RI
20
SIN
G
16
SE
20
A
RECOGNIZING TYPOLOGICAL DISCREPANCIES | GRAND RAPIDS
$73k
$81k
$73k
$85k $42k $75k $70k $80k $142k $138k
$116k $68k
Single and Multifamily Housing
$119k $82k $67k $65k
$80k $73k $79k
$60k
$60k $72k
$80k $63k $88k $57k $57k $59k $104k $63k
$219k
Garden Street
$77k
Hall Street
Single and Multifamily Housing
$1,000+
Property Value (Thousands) Vegetative Density
Land Use
$600 $200
0
Rt. 131/296
Built Ground “Buffer”
$84k $84k $141k
Seward Ave
$132k$125k $132k $142k
Lexington Ave
Gold Ave
$92k $98k $113k $78k $70k $93k
Route 131
Parking Lot
Rt. 131
Grand River
Rt. 196
$103k $78k $78k $153k
National Ave
$108k $48k $88k $63k $93k
Straight Ave
Single Family Housing
RAIL
100 ft.
Central Business District Parkland Industrial Migratory Communities Historical Redlining
Marshall DeGarmo | Northeastern University | SUEN 7130 | Scott Bishop
TYPOLOGICAL DENSITY FRAMEWORK | GRAND RAPIDS
10,000 mi2
2100 5,000 mi2
2050 2,500 mi2
SU S FU TAIN TU AB RE LE
2030
1,000 mi2
2016
P IN RO FR JE AS CT TR ED UC TU R
E
CH
AN
GI
NG
TY
PO
E IN XIS FR TI AS NG TR UC U
LO
TR
GI
CA
LC
ON
DI
TIO
E
NS