MPT-UNIT
MICRO PRE-FAB TOURISM KATHERINE SCHNEIDER
LEGAL FRAMEWORK EUROPEAN UNION TOURISM POLICY $
OTHER POLICY
EC COM (2010) 352.
ERDF European Regional Development Fund supports sustainable patterns of tourism to enhance cultural and natural heritage, etc. EAFRD European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development improves the quality of agricultural products and rural environments, and encouraging tourism as a way to diversify the rural economy.
2
Promote development of sustainable, responsible, high-quality tourism
3
Consolidate Europe’s image as a collection of sustainable, high quality destinations
4
Maximize potential of EU financial policies for developing tourism
Government of the Republic of Croatia
Committee for Tourism at the Croatian Parliament
STATE LEVEL
European Commission Communication on Tourism 1 Stimulate competitiveness in the European tourism sector
IMPACTING TOURISM
EU TOURISM SUBSIDIES
FINANCIAL SUPPORT
EU TOURISM SUBSIDIES
Croatian Chamber of Commerce + Professional Associations
INCENTIVE FOR SUCCESS (2002-09)
- Subsidized interest rates of commercial loans for rural homeowners involved in tourism - Financial Incentives for eco-tourism in rural areas
- State level support for the protection and reconstruction of heritage in underdeveloped tourism areas
Ministry of Tourism
Ministry of Tourism
Ministry of Tourism
JELSA
- Subsidized interest rates for tourism based SMEs - Under Centennial Roofs Architecture Preservation of the traditional landscape - Subsidies in accommodation sector
COUNTY LEVEL
SPLIT
STATE SUPPORT PROGRAMS (GRANTS)
Croatian Chamber of Crafts + Guilds + Other Associations
CNTB Head Office (Croatian National Tourist Board) + Representative Offices Abroad
CROATIAN LEGISLATION
RURAL TOURISM DEVELOPMENT INCENTIVE
Private Sector Interest Based Business Associations:
MINISTRY OF TOURISM
Inter-Minsterial Professional Committee for Tourism
Regional Administration Units County Offices for Economy + Tourism
LOCAL LEVEL
Approximately 1 Million Croatian citizens, or 50% of the workforce gain some aspect of their income from agricultural production. Culturally speaking, farm culture also presents a historically significant and vernacular methodology, particularly within the Jelsa Municipality. With so many people invested in the rural landscape, there is a strong opportunity to combine agriculture and tourism using prefabricated architecture and inherently vernacular Croatian construction methods to create a new form of tourism infrastructure that capitalizes on existing legislation and provides tourists with a unique experience. The Jelsa urban context, which already relies heavily on private accommodations over mass tourism infrastructure such as hotels, is currently developing a master plan to transform the city into a destination increasing financial viability for its residents, who are largely invested in the tourism sector. This project utilizes the large amount of agricultural space (ARKOD system) and provides a small, (25 sq.m.) rural based typology designed around a pre-fabricated core. Construction techniques for the exterior utilize extracted site and local materials such as limestone and timber, and can be built quickly and easily using the traditional methods of rubble wall construction. Tourists will be able to stay on agricultural plots and have a unique experience embedded in the landscape of Hvar Island. This scheme will boost the private accommodation stock, and help to boost individual income rather than creating revenue for a larger corporation or hotel. Because capital is filtered through single management enterprises, this typology has the potential to establish tourism resiliency in Jelsa.
Local Administration Units Municipal/District Offices for Economy + Tourism
County Chambers of Commerce (Offices for economy/tourism) + Regional Chambers of Crafts and Guilds
Tourist Board / Destination Management Organizations Counties + Regions
Tourist Board / Destination Management Organizations Cities, Municipalities, Tourist Offices, etc
Destinations, Services, + Accommodations TOURISTS + CONSUMERS
PERMIT - FREE HOUSE LEGISLATION RESTRICTIONS
NEW ECONOMIC VIABILITY MASS TOURISM
EXISTING BUILT STRUCTURES
ON AGRICULTURAL PLOTS (STORAGE)
HOTEL
$$
CORRUGATED METAL $
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
NO SITE WORK RESTRICTIONS
VS
BUILT AREA LIMITATIONS 25 - 35 SQ. M CYNDER BLOCK
RESILIENT SYSTEM
FLEX DIMENSIONS
INDIVIDUAL UNITS
x
y
WOOD SUPPORT
AVAILABLE FINANCIAL AID PERMITTING PROCESS
COST: HRK
COMMERCIAL FARMS
$
INDIVIDUAL FARMS
CROATIAN PERMITTING 8000
800
700
600
500
400
300
200
100
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Consent of the authority prescribed by special regulation.
3 DAYS
70 HRK
03
Obtain a copy of cadastre plan.
1 DAY
110 HRK
04
Decision from Municipal Authority regarding utilities based on the construction permit depending on building size.
22 DAYS
500+ HRK
05
Pay water contribution to the state company Hvratske Vode to finance management of water resources and protection from floods.
15 DAYS
656.25 HRK
06
Decision on the construction or building conditions from the Municipal Authority.
30 DAYS
400 HRK
07
Obtain water and sewage connection.
20 DAYS
8000 HRK
08
Obtain telephone or data connection.
15 DAYS
650 HRK
09
Apply for an occupancy permit.
30 DAYS
70 HRK
10
Receive on-site inspection and signature of completion statement.
1 DAY
700 HRK
11
Notify tax authority of new structure.
1 DAY
0 HRK
12
Register new construction with Land Registry.
120 DAYS
This is not mandatory but without it the owner can not take out a mortgage. Having an occupancy permit is mandatory for registering new construction.
TYPICAL PERMIT-FREE
ARKOD
ARKOD
(zone B 26.25 HRK /m3)
500 HRK 11,676.25 HRK 1,836.25 HRK 9,840 HRK
TE S
PRODUCTION SUBSIDY SCHEME (DIRECT PAYMENTS)
02
SI
CAPITAL INVESTMENT SCHEME
20 HRK
L
REGISTER OF AGRICULTURAL HOLDINGS
1 DAY
TI A
INCOME SUPPORT SCHEME
Excerpt from the Land Registry for subject and bordering lands.
1 : 500
RURAL DEVELOPMENT SCHEME
TIME: DAYS
01
PO TE N
NATIONAL AID SYSTEM FOR AGRICULTURE + RURAL DEVELOPMENT
NON-COMMERCIAL FARMS
N
OLIVE VINEYARDS OTHER STARI GRAD PLAIN MPT UNITS
FULL CAPACITY: 817 UNITS (4900 BEDS)
MPT-UNIT TYPOLOGIES
UNIT TYPE 01
UNIT TYPE 02
TOURISM SEASON PLAN 1/4” = 1’
NIGHT PLAN 1/8” = 1’
TOURISM SEASON PLAN 1/4” = 1’
OFF SEASON 1/8” = 1’
NIGHT PLAN 1/8” = 1’
OFF SEASON 1/8” = 1’
ACCOMODATIONS EXISTING Commercial vs. Private JELSA
1,734
4% 3+ BR
8% Campsites
Urban Population
503 7
25% Hotels
$21
+
+
JELSA
1.5 Avg. Bedrooms
67% Private Accom.
4.3
Avg. Guests per Accom.
Subsidies +
+
19% 2 BA
29% 2 BR
Accommodation Typologies
Avg. Price per Night
Ecological
Local Material
Total Private Accommodations Total Commercial Accommodations
Low Impact
5% 3+ BA
SUSTAINABLE
1.3
Avg. Bathrooms
67% 1 BR
76% 1 BA
1 BR + 1 BATH
Typical Accommodation Typology
PRIVATE ACCOMMODATIONS
+
DESIGN CONCEPT
MICRO UNIT
CULT
S PARK L A N TIO A N
URA LS ITE S
TOURISM + Additional Income
TS
B
LE YC IC
IPS TR
RO MA N
AR TI FA C
GDP + TOURISM ATTRACTIONS SEASONALITY
Development +
0
%
LOW COST
INTEGRATED
+ Diversify Attraction
+ Culturally Significant
17.7
0
ORIC SIGHTSEEING HIST
0
0 400
0 350
300
0 250
0 200
0
CROATIA CROATIA
500
58.1% Service
OCT
225
MAR
5 ult ric
Ag
0 100
22 % Tourism % .1 ure
17.7%
0 150
NOV
450
FEB 7.1% Industry
0 500
JAN DEC
+ Savings
$76.67 billion 82
%
%8 .3 7. 82%2
.3
SEP
%
APR 24.9% Industry
27.8
MAY
TOU R
11.9% 68.8 % Service Tourism
AUG
IST
JUN JUL
DIS
CUS
AGRICULTURE + TOURISM
SIO
N FO
RUM S
VINEYARD
OLIVE
BE
NE
AC H
WI
ES
LAVENDER
CU
EXTENDED TOURISM
PEAK TOURISM
IS I N
E
TI N BOA
G JAN
FEB
MAR
APR
MAY
JUN
JUL
AUG
SEP
OCT
NOV
DEC
PREFAB CONSTRUCTION COMPONENTS + TRANSPORTATION
40ft 13.6m
DIAGRAM KEY AVAILABLE RESOURCE
CITY FERRY
1
VEHICULAR
construction education
RESOURCE COMPANY
solar power equipment
PORT + TERMINAL
septic tanks
5
equipment
timber
6 4
steel
infrastructure 8
3
LONG MODULE ISO container 40ft
7
warehouse + production 9
2
10
windows
11
1
aluminum windows + curtain wall
cement + concrete
SPLIT 12
COMPANY DIRECTORY
welding + metals
SPLIT 1 Adria Prozorl Window Production + Manufacturing Site 2 Adria Steel Steel Production 3 Aedelis Energy Infrastructure Company + Solar Power 4 Frigo Term Solar Power Systems + Batteries Septic Tanks + Equipment Water Boilers, Heating, + Cooling 5 Kontrol Biro Adult Education in Construction Techniques 6 Morlak Construction Equipment Rentals + Purchase 7 PK Timber Beech Wood, Whitewood, + Oak Timber 8 Strabag Infrastructure Construction Company 9 Technoguma Warehouse + Production Space 10 Tendiko Aluminum Window + Curtain Wall Manufacturing 11 Tragurium Commerce Cement, Limestone, Sand, Concrete, Bricks Construction Lumber Construction Equipment + Tools 12 Var Oprima Metal Cutting + Welding Equipment
PREFAB SHIPPING
glass
brick
appliances
masonry
13
timber
BOL
construction equipment cargo + shipping septic systems
ANCONA
building materials 14
15
STARI GRAD
tools + machinery
JELSA
BOL
16
HVAR TOWN
13 Bolka Appliance Manufacturing + Sale
DRVENIK
STARI GRAD 14 Antona Building Materials Supplies + Tools 15 Volat Sanitary + Septic Equipment, Home Appliances
SUCARAJ
DRVENIK 16 Era Commerce Building Materials + Construction Tools, Equipment
VIS
ANCONA (ITALY) Access to this port city in Italy will serve to connect Jelsa with the ability to utilize Italian stone and masonry materials that are scarce on the island. Interior finishes as well as glass and high design interior fixtures and furnishings can also be accessed through this port. This serves as a vital hub to Italian culture and resources.
LOW WALL
Bedroom Privacy
FULL BED
Lofted Bedroom
RAILING Steel
STEEL CABLE Railing System
LIGHTING
Bedroom LEDs
CEILING + DECKING
STRUCTURE
Bathroom + Bedroom
Aluminum Stud
ELECTRICAL
Kitchen Lighting
PLUMBING FIXTURES Low Flow Sink + Shower
TOILET
Composting
WALL FINISH White Paint
WING WALL Kitchen
DOOR
Bathroom Core
ELECTRICAL
Kitchen Lighting
CABINET Kitchen
METAL PANEL
Kitchen Pocket Door
LADDER
To Bedroom
KITCHEN CORE
Stove-Sink-Fridge-Plugs
SLIDING DOOR Kitchen Seal
SLIDING DOOR
Kitchen Pocket Door
PREFAB CORE
Kitchen, Bathroom, Bedspace
CROATIAN VERNACULAR CONSTRUCTION HUMAC CUP CHANNEL Lime Mortar
RIDGE Timber
ROOFING
Thick Stone Slabs
CUP CHANNEL Lime Mortar
SHOULDER SUPPORT Heavy Timber
RUBBLE STONE Limestone 60 cm
VINE / PLANTING RUBBLE STONE WALL TERRACING TECHNIQUE
AGRICULTURAL MANUAL TERRACING CONSTRUCTION
01
Timber Processing Using Pine Beams + Branches
02
Building Roof Structure + Test Joinery Strength
03
Setting + Securing Intermediate Pine Branches
04
Setting Stone Slabs for Roof Structure
SITE BUILT MANUAL HOME CONSTRUCTION C
A
E
I
J
K
B
F
01 Site Selection + Clearing
02 Ground Prep + Materials
03 Masonry Walls
04 Roof + Wood Supports
05 Smoke Prevents Pests + Rot
06 Deterioration
07 Vegetation Takes Over
08 Material Re-Use + Reconstruction
D
L G
M
O
N
H R S
P
T
TOOLS MASONRYCONSTRUCTION CONSTRUCTION TOOLS MANUAL MANUAL MASONRY
M
M CHISELS WIDE CHISELS WIDE
BAT OR OR MALLET MALLET AA BAT
G
SMALL MALLET SMALL MALLET G
N
SEMIN- CHISEL SEMI - CHISEL
ORDINARY HAMMER BB ORDINARY HAMMER
H
WOODEN PESTLE H WOODEN PESTLE
O
CHISEL O FACETTING CHISEL FACETTING
POINTED HAMMER CC POINTED HAMMER
I
WOOD AXE AXE I WOOD
P
GRINDING HAMMER HAMMER P GRINDING
PICK AXE
J
DOUBLE - EDGE AXE
R
SMALL STEEL STRAIGHT EDGE
POINTED CHISEL
K
CROWN CHOP
S
RULER
DRILL CHISEL
L
JAGGED BITS
T
PENCIL
D
D
E
PICK AXE
E
POINTED CHISEL
F
DRILL CHISEL
F
J
DOUBLE - EDGE AXE
K
CROWN CHOP
L
JAGGED BITS
R
SMALL STEEL STRAIGHT EDGE
S
RULER
T
PENCIL
CONSTRUCTION PREFABRICATED + VERNACULAR Construction practices in Jelsa, Croatia are indicative of the cultural quality of a working agricultural landscape. Historically, land was developed through the clearing of stones from the ground in order to have access to the soil below. This extraction of vernacular limestone is represented in the construction of the exterior shell of the MPT Unit. The exterior of the unit will be built much the same way that historical Croatian construction took place, utilizing hand cut masonry techniques. The pre-fabricated core will act as an infill condition to adapt the historical construction methodologies and yield a
contemporary paradigm for low impact cultural tourism. External materials (non-site extracted) arrive , and are assembled by hand or with relatively low-tech tools that are familiar to Croatian builders, such as a small concrete mixer, small masonry tools or hand carts for transporting heavier objects (such as roof stone slabs and rubble material) around the construction site. The building foundation is partially prefabricated so as to minimize impact on the surrounding context. This will enable future construction of multiple units to take place in close proximity to previously established MPT Units.
EXISTING TYPOLOGIES Methods + Equipment
RUBBLE WALL
MATERIAL CART
LAYING SLATE SLAB ROOF
10
SETTING INTERMEDIATE MEMBERS
09
TIMBER FRAME ROOF ASSEMBLY
08
LIMESTONE WALL CONSTRUCTION
07
UTILITY COMPONENTS PLACED
06
CORE ARRIVES ON SITE
05
POUR CONCRETE FOUNDATION SLAB
04
PLACE PRECAST FOUNDATION BEAMS
03
INSERT COMPOSTING SYSTEM
02
EXCAVATION OF FOUNDATION FOOTPRINT
01
CEMENT MIXER
SHIPPING PALLET LOOSE STONE
SITE CONSTRUCTION SCHEDULE DESIGN ENG.
PERMITS+APPROVALS
SITE DEVELOPMENT+FOUNDATIONS
BUILDING CONSTRUCTION
SITE RESTORATION
PREFAB CONSTRUCTION SCHEDULE DESIGN ENG.
LIMITED APPROVALS
SITE DEVELOPMENT+FOUNDATIONS
INSTALL + SITE
TIME SAVINGS
RESTORATION BUILDING CONSTRUCTION AT PLANT
STONE SLABS VARYING DIMENSIONS
CUP CHANNEL HEAVY TIMBER
WOOD SUPPORTS
LIME MORTAR STONE CONSTRUCTION
RUBBLE LIMESTONE VARYING DIMENSIONS
BUILDING PERFORMANCE SOLAR - WIND - THERMAL For the MPT Unit to be a self-sufficient structure that can be implemented on a variety of sites, many sustainable design strategies. Systems such as vacuum tube solar water heaters and photo voltaic panels, have been integrated into the building facade as an operable shade which can be closed for security outside of the tourist season. Panels are lightweight, at 10 lbs, and can be oriented to obtain maximum solar energy.
Other included systems consist of a self sustaining composting toilet, low-flow plumbing fixtures, and flexible shading panels that can be converted into outdoor furniture when the unit is open for each tourism season. Wind directionality and optimal solar direction will help to contextualize this prototype on to a variety of ARKOD registered agricultural landscapes in Jelsa, and provide tourists with a glimpse of sustainable technologies juxtaposed with vernacular construction types.
UTILITIES
Off-the-Grid
BATTERY PACKS
THERMAL MASS
POTABLE WATER TANKS
Passive Heating
OPTIMUM ORIENTATION N
345° 330°
+
15°
HOT WATER TANK
30°
1.80 1.60
315°
45°
1.20 300°
1.00 0.80
kW h/ m²
1.40
COMPOSTING TOILET HATCH 60°
0.60
285°
NATURAL VENTILATION
75°
0.40
Off-the-Grid
0.20 270°
2’- 0”
RUBBLE WALL
90°
255°
105°
240°
120°
225°
135°
210°
DIAGRAM KEY
150° 195°
OVERHEATED PERIOD
180°
165°
UNDER HEATED PERIOD ANNUAL AVERAGE OPTIMAL ANGLE
PREVAILING WINDS 345° 330°
NOR T H 50 km/ h
15° 30°
40 km/ h
315°
45°
30 km/ h
20 km/ h
300°
60°
10 km/ h
285°
75°
W EST
SHADING
E AS T
Off-Season Security HRS 328+ 295 262 229 196 164 131 98 65 <32
255°
105°
240°
120°
225°
135° 210°
150° 195°
S OUT H
165°
Photovoltaic Canopy
Vacuum Tube System
%
COMFORT PERCENTAGE
SOLAR POWER
SOLAR HOT WATER
COMFORT + TEMPERATURE
80
60
40
20
0
JAN BEFORE
FEB AFTER
MAR
APR
MAY
JUN
JUL
AUG
TOURISM SEASON
SEP
OCT
NOV
DEC
AVG
1
PASSIVE SOLAR HEATING
2
THERMAL MASS EFFECTS
3
NATURAL VENTILATION
SHADING / SEATING Off Season Security