Curriculum Vitae Anita Raj, PhD

CURRICULUM VITAE Anita Raj, PhD November 17, 2023 Research Interests: epidemiologic and qualitative assessment of gendered, social, and cultural vulnerabilities compromising reproductive, maternal, neonatal, child, and adolescent health across national settings; assessment of the etiology and public health impact of gender inequities including early and child marriage, intimate partner violence and sexual assault, and son preference; development and evaluation of social and behavioral interventions for socially vulnerable populations (e.g., minorities, people contending with substance abuse/misuse, youth); application of social and behavioral theories for measurement and evaluation research in cross-national settings; gender data and data to policy impact; gender parity in academia and in leadership in public health and medicine; gender equity and quality of care.

ACADEMIC TRAINING 1991 BS 1995 MS 1996 PhD

Mississippi College, Clinton, MS; Biology University of Georgia, Athens, GA; Psychology University of Georgia, Athens, GA; Psychology

POST-DOCTORAL TRAINING 1996-1997 1997-1998

Association of Teachers of Preventive Medicine STI/HIV Fellowship, University of Alabama, Birmingham and US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Birmingham, AL and Atlanta GA Senior Researcher, Boston University School of Public Health; Boston, MA

ACADEMIC APPOINTMENTS 2023-present 2023-present 2017-present 2017-present 2012-present 2011-present 2011-present 2011-2014 2010-2011 2010-2011 2009-2010 2005-2010 2000-2005 1999-2000 1995-1996

Executive Director, Newcomb Institute, Tulane University Nancy Reeves Dreux Endowed and Professor, Tulane School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine Professor, Education Studies, Division of Social Sciences, University of California, San Diego Tata Chancellor Endowed Chair of Society and Health Founding Director, Center on Gender Equity and Health, University of California, San Diego, CA Professor of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA Adjunct Professor, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA Senior Fellow, Center on Global Justice, University of California, San Diego, CA Professor, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA Professor, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA Associate Professor, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA Associate Professor, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA Assistant Professor, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA Assistant Research Professor, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA Athens Area Technical Institute, Athens, GA

DEPARTMENTAL AND UNIVERSITY COMMITTEES (Past 5 years) 2023-present 2023-present 2022-present

2022 2021-2022 2020 2019- present 2019 2017- present 2017-2018 2017-present 2017 2017-2020

Tulane University, President’s Advisory Council Tulane University, Newcomb Institute Executive Committee (Chair) Divisional Representatives to the Systemwide (University of California) Assembly of the Academic Senate for a two-year term, effective September 1, 2022 through August 31, 2024 (elected) Director of Mentorship, Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health Eighth College, Academic Planning Committee Member Thurgood Marshall College, Undergraduate Public Service Minor: Health Track, Director Department of Medical Research Committee Dean Of Social Sciences Review Committee Member Tata Institute of Active Genetics, Committee Member Center for Academic Research & Training in Anthropology Operational Research Unit Review, Committee Chair Education Studies Department Doctoral Committee Member Center for Global Mental Health Committee, rotating member Committee on Global Affairs Faculty, committee member

COURSE INSTRUCTOR EXPERIENCE 2021-2023 2021 2019 2018-2023 2015 2013 2012-present 2008-2011 2001-2011 1998-2007 1997-2011 2000-2011

1995-1996 1994-1996

Adolescent Development and Education (undergraduate) Introduction to Research Design and Quantitative Data Analysis Social Equity and Health Education Survey Design and Development for Education, Health and Development (graduate) Essentials of Global Public Health (undergraduate) Public Health Doctoral Lecture Series. UCSD, San Diego, CA Independent Study and Directed Research Studies with UCSD Doctoral Students in Public Health and Education, Medical Students, and Undergraduate Students in Global Health Program Evaluation, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA Race/Ethnicity and Health; Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA Public Health and Women; Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA Independent Study and Directed Research Studies with Boston University School of Public Health and School of Medicine students, as well as GIM fellows Guest Lectures in Courses on Program Evaluation, Health Education and Communication, Women’s Health, Immigrant Health, HIV Prevention and Violence Prevention at Harvard School of Public Health, Tufts School of Public Health, Northeastern University, Suffolk University Introduction to Psychology; Athens Area Technical Institute, Athens, GA Human Sexual Behavior Lab, University of Georgia, Athens, GA

CURRENT MEMBERSHIPS AND POSITIONS (Outside of University) 2023-present 2022-present 2020-present 2020-present 2020- present 2020 2017-2019 2017-2020 2017-present 2016-2020 2016-2020 2017-present 2020-2023 2021-2023 2021-present 2021-present 2022-present

Committee Member, NIH Study Section SSPB Social Sciences and Population Studies (previously ad hoc: 2018-2022) Center for Effective Global Action (CEGA), Faculty Affiliate (Invited) Technical Advisory Board Member, UN Women’s Violence Against Women Survey.

Technical Advisory Board Member, Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation MNCH Passages Program Member, Gender and COVID-19 Working Group Advisory Board Member, American Association of Community Colleges Pathways Project, Washington, DC Steering Committee, Lancet Series on Gender Equity and Health Stop Street Sexual Harassment, Advisor Girls Bot Brides, Research Advisor Board Member, Center for Community Solutions (San Diego Rape Crisis Center and Domestic Violence Shelter), San Diego, CA Member, Countdown to 2030, Equity Technical Working Group, International Center for Equity in Health, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas Brazil International Advisory Board, Lancet Global Health Technical Advisory Board Member, Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation MNCH Passages Program Technical Advisory Board Member, UN Women Rapid Gender Assessment Violence Against Women Survey Advisor, International Institute of Population Sciences, Centre on Gender of Demography, Mumbai, India Advisor, Kenyata University Centre for Gender Equity and Empowerment, Nairobi, Kenya Co-Chair, NASEM Committee on Women’s Empowerment Population Dynamics, and Socioeconomic Development

GRANT FUNDING (past 5 years) Title

Granting agency

Strengthening the Measurement on Empowerment and Equity

Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation OPP1163682/ INV010695 NIH/NICHD R01HD084453

Enhancing male participation in interventions to prevent unintended pregnancy

Award Time period of contract/grant $4,999,999 11/9/2016 – 10/30/2022

$2,690,168 09/01/2017-05/31/2022 2

Role PI

PI

Linking Russian Narcology & HIV Care – Part II (PI: Samet) Strengthening public health data and policy translation

Generating New Population Data on Domestic Violence and Multiple Forms of Violence in California Improved Family Planning Measurement Approaches COVID-19: Improving gender measurement for COVID-19 studies Institutional strengthening for Gender Equity and Women’s Economic Empowerment Agency For All (A for All)

Survey on gender-based violence and discrimination in California (CalVEX Survey) Statewide behavioral surveillance on Asian Californians’ experiences of violence and discrimination and their impacts on mental health

NIH/NIDA R01DA045547 Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation OPP1179208/INV00864 Blue Shield of California Foundation P-2006-14747

$112,660 09/15/17-07/31/22 $1,201,084 11/07/17-10/31/22

Consortium PI (Boston University) PI

$350,000 10/01/20 - 09/30/22

PI

Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation INV-002967 Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation INV-018007 Bill and Melinda Gates INV-037422

$668,200 11/19/19- 09/30/22

PI

$801,915 07/24/2020 - 11/30/2022

PI

$1,500,000 8/30/2021-10/1/2023

Co-PI

USAID Cooperative Agreement 7200AA22CA00003 Blue Shield Foundation of California R-COV-2207-18216 University of CaliforniaRiverside, AAPI Data 2028951

$34,795,763 03/02/2022-03/01/2027

Co-I

$800,000 10/1/2022-9/30/2025

PI

$250,000 01/01/2023-01/31/2023

PI

BIBLIOGRAPHY Peer-Reviewed Publications [H-index: 80] 1. Raj A, Pollack RH. Factors predicting high-risk sexual behavior in heterosexual college females. Journal of Sex & Marital Therapy. 1995 Fall; 21(3):213-24. PMID: 7500372 2. Raj A. Identification of social cognitive variables as predictors of safer sex behavior and intent in heterosexual college students. Journal of Sex and Marital Therapy. 1996 Winter; 22(4):247-58. PMID: 9018650 3. Raj A, Silverman JG, Wingood G, DiClemente R. Prevalence and correlates of relationship abuse among young adult African-American women. Violence Against Women. 1999 Mar; 5(3), 272-291. http://vaw.sagepub.com/content/5/3/272.short 4. Beeker C, Guenther-Grey C, Raj A. Community empowerment: paradigm drift and the primary prevention of HIV/AIDS. Social Science and Medicine. 1998 Apr; 46(7):831-42. PMID: 9541069 5. Amaro H, Raj A. On the margin: Power and women’s HIV risk reduction strategies. Sex Roles. 2000; 42(7-8): 723-749. http://www.springerlink.com/content/j6vh576726p67q52/ 6. Raj A, Silverman JG, Amaro H. The relationship between sexual abuse and sexual risk among high school students: findings from the 1997 Massachusetts Youth Risk Behavior Survey. Maternal and Child Health Journal. 2000 Jun; 4(2):125-34. PMID: 10994581 7. Wingood GM, DiClemente RJ, Raj A. The adverse sexual health, mental health and physical abuse-related consequences of intimate partner abuse among women in rural and non-urban domestic violence shelters. American Journal of Preventive Medicine. 2000 Nov; 19(4):270-5. PMID: 11064231 8. Wingood GM, DiClemente RJ, Raj A. Identifying the prevalence and correlates of STDs among women residing in domestic violence shelters. Women & Health. 2000; 30(4):15-26. PMID: 10983607 9. Amaro H, Raj A, Reed E. Women’s sexual health: the need for a feminist analysis in public health. Psychology of Women Quarterly. 2001; 25, 324-34. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/1471-6402.00032/pdf 10. Amaro H, Raj A, Vega R, Mangione T. Racial/ethnic disparities in the substance abuse and HIV epidemics: communities responding to the need. Public Health Reports. 2001 Sep-Oct; 116(5):434-48. PMCID: PMC1497361

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11. Silverman JG, Raj A, Mucci LA, Hathaway JE. Dating violence against adolescent girls and associated substance use, unhealthy weight control, sexual risk behavior, pregnancy, and suicidality. Journal of the American Medical Association.

2001 Aug 1; 286(5):572-9. PMID: 11476659 12. Amaro H, Raj A, Reed E. Implementation and Long-Term Outcomes of Two HIV Intervention Programs for Latinas.

Health Promotion Practice, 2002 Apr; 3(2), 245-254. http://hpp.sagepub.com/content/3/2/245.short 13. Raj A, Silverman JG. Violence Against Immigrant Women The Roles of Culture, Context, and Legal Immigrant Status on Intimate Partner Violence. Violence Against Women. 2002 Mar; 8(3), 367-398. http://vaw.sagepub.com/content/8/3/367.short 14. Raj A, Silverman JG. Intimate partner violence against South Asian women in Greater Boston. Journal of the American Medical Women’s Association. 2002 Spring; 57(2):111-4. PMID: 11991419 15. Raj A, Amaro H, Cranston K, Martin B, Cabral H, Navarro A, Conron K. Is a general women’s health promotion program as effective as an HIV-intensive prevention program in reducing HIV risk among Hispanic Women? Public Health Reports.

2001 Nov-Dec; 116(6):599-607. PMCID: PMC1497375 16. Raj A, Silverman JG. Immigrant South Asian women at greater risk for injury from intimate partner violence. American Journal of Public Health. 2003 Mar;93 (3):435-7. PMCID: PMC1447758 17. Raj A, Silverman JG. Abused women report greater male partner risk and gender-based risk for HIV: findings from a community-based study with Hispanic women. AIDS Care. 2004 May; 16(4):519-29. PMID: 15203419 18. Silverman JG, Raj A, Clements K. Dating violence and associated sexual risk and pregnancy among adolescent girls in the United States. Pediatrics. 2004 Aug; 114(2):e220-5. PMID: 15286260 19. Raj A, Silverman JG, McCleary-Sills J, Liu R. Immigration policies increase South Asian immigrant women’s vulnerability to intimate partner violence. Journal of the American Medical Women’s Association. 2005 Winter; 60(1):2632. PMID: 16845767 20. Raj A, Liu R, McCleary-Sills J, Silverman JG. South Asian victims of intimate partner violence more likely than nonvictims to report sexual health concerns. Journal of Immigrant Health. 2005 Apr; 7(2):85-91. PMID: 15789160 21. Amaro H, Morrill A, Dai J, Cabral H, Raj A. Heterosexual behavioral maintenance and change following HIV counseling and testing. Journal of Health Psychology. 2005 Mar; 10(2):287-300. PMID: 15723897 22. Palepu A, Raj A, Horton NJ, Tibbets N, Mele S, Samet JH. Substance abuse treatment and risk behaviors among HIVinfected persons with alcohol problems. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment. 2005 Jan; 28(1):3-9. PMID: 15723726 23. Decker MR, Silverman JG, Raj A.(2005). Dating violence and STD/HIV testing and diagnosis among adolescent females.

Pediatrics. 2005 Aug; 116(2):e272-6. PMID: 16061580 24. Raj A, Cheng DM, Levison R, Meli S, Samet JH. Sex trade, sexual risk and non-disclosure of HIV serostatus: findings from HIV-infected persons with a history of alcohol problems. AIDS and Behavior. 2006 Mar; 10(2):149-57. PMID: 16482406 25. Hurwitz EH, Gupta J, Liu R, Silverman JG, Raj A. Intimate partner violence associated with poor health outcomes in US South Asian women. Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health. 2006 Jul;8(3):251-61. PMID: 16791535 26. Raj A, Clarke JG, Silverman JG, Rose J, Rosengard C, Hebert MR, Stein M. Gender-based violence against women associated with arrest for sex trade but not drug charges. International Journal of Law and Psychiatry. 2006 May-Jun; 29(3):204-11. PMID: 16563506 27. Santana MC, Raj A, Decker MR, LaMarche A, Silverman JG. Masculine gender roles associated with increased sexual risk and intimate partner violence perpetration among young adult men. Journal of Urban Health. 2006 Jul; 83(4):575-85.

PMCID: PMC2430489 28. Silverman JG, Decker MR, Reed E, Rothman EF, Hathaway JE, Raj A, Miller E. Social norms and beliefs regarding sexual risk and pregnancy involvement among adolescent males treated for dating violence perpetration. Journal of Urban Health.

2006 Jul; 83(4):723-35. PMCID: PMC2430488 29. Silverman JG, Decker MR, Reed E, Raj A. Intimate partner violence victimization prior to and during pregnancy among women residing in 26 U.S. states: Associations with maternal and neonatal health. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2006 Jul;195(1):140-8. PMID: 16813751 30. Raj A, Santana MC, La Marche A, Amaro H, Cranston K, Silverman JG. Perpetration of intimate partner violence associated with sexual risk behaviors among young adult men. American Journal of Public Health. 2006 Oct; 96, 1873-8.

PMCID: PMC1586132 31. Raj A, Livramento KN, Santana MC, Gupta J, Silverman JG. Victims of intimate partner violence more likely to report abuse from in-laws. Violence Against Women. 2006 Oct; 12, 936-949. PMID: 16957174 32. Silverman JG, Decker MR, Reed E., Raj A. Intimate partner violence around the time of pregnancy: association with breastfeeding behavior. Journal of Women's Health. 2006 Oct; 15(8), 934-40. PMID: 17087617 33. Silverman JG, Decker MR, Gupta J, Maheshwari A, Patel V, Raj A. (2006). HIV prevalence and predictors among rescued sex-trafficked women and girls in Mumbai, India. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes. 2006 Dec; 43(5), 588-93. PMID: 17019369 34. Chuang CH, Liebschutz JM, Cheng DM, Raj A, Samet JH. Substance use during sexual and physical assault in HIVinfected persons. Violence & Victims. 2007; 22(2), 216-25. PMCID: PMC1949020 4

35. Raj A, Saitz R, Cheng DM, Winter M, Samet JH. Associations between alcohol, heroin, and cocaine use and high risk sexual behaviors among detoxification patients. American Journal of Drug & Alcohol Abuse. 2007; 33(1), 169-78, 2007.

PMID: 17366258 36. Raj A, Santana MC, Orloff L. Guest editor’s introduction: Special issue on violence against US immigrant women.

Violence Against Women. 2007 May; 13(5), 451-456. http://vaw.sagepub.com/content/13/5/451 37. Miller E, Decker MR, Silverman JG, Raj A. Migration, sexual exploitation and women’s health: A case report from a community health center. Violence Against Women. 2007 May; 13(5), 486-497. PMID: 17478673 38. Decker MR, Raj A, Silverman JG. Sexual violence against adolescent girls: influences of immigration and acculturation.

Violence Against Women. 2007 May; 13(5):498-513. PMID: 17478674 39. Raj A, Decker MR, Murray JE, Silverman JG. Gender differences in associations between exposure to school HIV education and protective sexual behaviors and sexually transmitted disease/HIV diagnosis among high school students. Sex Education. 2007 May; 7(2): 191-199. http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/14681810701264599#preview 40. Silverman JG, Decker MR, Gupta J, Maheshwari A, Patel V, Raj A. Experiences of sex trafficking victims in Mumbai, India. International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics. 2007;97(3):221-6. PubMed PMID: 17320087. (Title updated4/2015) 41. Silverman JG, Decker MR, Kapur NA, Gupta J, Raj A. Violence against wives, sexual risk and sexual health outcomes among Bangladeshi men. Sexually Transmitted Infections. 2007 Jun; 83(3):211-5. PMCID: PMC2659096 42. Silverman JG, Decker MR, Gupta J, Maheshwari A, Willis BM, Raj A. HIV prevalence and predictors of infection in sextrafficked Nepalese girls and women. Journal of American Medical Association. 2007 Aug 1; 298(5):536-42. PMID: 17666674 43. Raj A, Liu R, McCleary-Sills J, Silverman JG. Domestic violence help-seeking behaviors of South Asian battered women residing in the United States. International Journal of Victimology. 2007 Jan; 14(1):143-170. http://irv.sagepub.com/content/14/1/143.abstract.

44. Silverman JG, Gupta J, Decker MR, Kapur NA, Raj A. Intimate partner violence, unwanted pregnancy and pregnancy termination among a national sample of Bangladeshi women. British Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology. 2007 Oct; 114(10):1246-52. PMID: 17877676 45. Miller E, Decker MR, Reed E, Raj A, Hathaway JE, Silverman JG. Male partner pregnancy-promoting behaviors and adolescent partner violence: findings from a qualitative study with adolescent females. Ambulatory pediatrics: the official journal of the Ambulatory Pediatric Association. 2007;7(5):360-6. Epub 2007/09/18. PubMed PMID: 17870644. (Title updated 4/2015) 46. Silverman JG. Decker MR. Gupta J. Maheshwari A. Patel V. Willis BM. Raj A. Experiences of sex trafficking victims in Mumbai, India. International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics. 2007 Jun;97(3):221-6. PMID: 17320087 47. Raj A, Reed E, Decker MR, Miller E, Rothman EF, Silverman JG. (2007). Contexts of condom use and non-use among adolescent male perpetrators of dating violence. AIDS Care, 19, 970-3. (Title updated 4/2015) 48. Raj A, Reed E, Santana MC, Welles SL, Horsburgh CR, Flores SA, Silverman JG. History of incarceration and gang involvement are associated with recent STD/HIV diagnosis in African American men. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes. 2008 Jan 1; 47(1):131-4. PMID: 18156996 49. Raj A, Decker MR, Rose J, Rosengard C, Hebert MR, Stein M, Clarke JG. Prevalence and patterns of sexual assault across the lifespan among incarcerated women. Violence Against Women. 2008 May;14(5):528-41. PMID: 18408171 50. Decker MR, Miller E, Kapur NA, Gupta J, Raj A, Silverman JG. Intimate partner violence and sexually transmitted disease symptoms in a national sample of married Bangladeshi women. International Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics. 2008 Jan; 100(1):18-23. PMID: 17904559 51. Walley AY, Krupitsky EM, Cheng DM, Raj A, Edwards EM, Bridden C, Egorova VY, Zvartau EE, Woody GE, Samet JH. Implications of cannabis use and heavy alcohol use on HIV drug risk behaviors in Russian heroin users. AIDS Behavior.

2008 Jul; 12(4):662-9. PMCID: PMC2480514 52. Silverman JG, Decker MR, Gupta J, Dharmadhikari A, Seage GR III, Raj A. Syphilis and hepatitis B co-infection among HIV-infected, sex-trafficked women and girls, Nepal. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2008 Jun; 14(6):932-4. PMCID: PMC2600282 53. Decker MR, Raj A, Gupta J, Silverman JG. (2008). Sex purchasing and associations with HIV/STI among a clinic-based sample of U.S. men. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes. 2008 Jul 1;48(3):355-9. PMID: 18545148 54. Raj A, Reed E, Welles SL, Santana MC, Horsburgh CR, Silverman JG. (2008). Intimate partner violence perpetration, risky sexual behavior and STI/HIV diagnosis among heterosexual African American men. American Journal of Men’s Health.

2008 Sep; 2(3):291-5. PMID: 19477792 55. Reed E, Silverman JG, Raj A, Rothman EF, Decker MR, Gottlieb BR, Molnar BE, Miller, E. Social and environmental contexts of adolescent and young adult male perpetrators of intimate partner violence: a qualitative study. American Journal of Men’s Health. 2008 Sep; 2(3):260-71. PMID: 19477789 56. Raj A, Gomez CS, Silverman JG. Driven to a fiery death — the tragedy of self-immolation in Afghanistan. New England Journal of Medicine. 2008 May 22; 358(21):2201-3. PMID: 18499564 5

57. Samet JH, Krupitsky EM, Cheng DM, Raj A, Egorova VY, Levenson S, Meli S, Bridden C, Verbitskaya EV, Kamb ML, Zvartau EE. Mitigating risky sexual behaviors among Russian narcology hospital patients: The PREVENT (Partnership to Reduce the Epidemic Via Engagement in Narcology Treatment) randomized controlled trial. Addiction. 2008; 103(9):147483. PMCID: PMC2588416 58. Silverman JG, Decker MR, Saggurti N, Balaiah D, Raj A. Intimate partner violence and HIV infection among married Indian women. Journal of the American Medical Association. 2008 Aug 13; 300(6):703-10. PMID: 18698068 59. Rothman EF, Decker MR, Reed E, Miller E, Raj A, Silverman JG. “Running a train”: Adolescent boys’ accounts of sexual intercourse involving multiple males and one female. Journal of Adolescent Research. 2008; (23)1 97-113. http://jar.sagepub.com/content/23/1/97.abstract 60. Raj A., Cheng DM, Krupitsky EM, Coleman S, Bridden C, Samet JH. Correlates of any condom use among Russian narcology patients reporting recent unprotected sex. AIDS and Behavior. 2009 Apr;13(2):310-7. PMCID: PMC2651995 61. Gupta J, Acevedo-Garcia D, Hemenway D, Decker MR, Raj A, Silverman JG. . Premigration exposure to political violence and perpetration of intimate partner violence among immigrant men in Boston. American Journal of Public Health. 2009 Mar; 99(3):462-9. PMCID: PMC2661447 62. Raj A, Reed E, Santana MC, Walley AY, Welles SL, Horsburgh CR, Flores SA, Silverman JG. The Associations of binge alcohol use with HIV/STI risk and diagnosis among African American men who have sex with women. Drug and Alcohol Dependence. 2009 Apr 1; 101(1-2):101-6. PMID: 19117698 63. Raj A, Cheng DM, Krupitsky EM, Levenson S, Egorova VY, Meli S, Zvartau EE, Samet JH. Binge drinking and unsafe sex: a study of narcology hospital patients from St. Petersburg, Russia. Substance Abuse. 2009 Jul-Sep; 30(3):213-22.

PMCID: PMC2758047 64. Raj A, Saggurti N, Balaiah D, Silverman JG. Prevalence of child marriage and its effect on the fertility and fertility-control outcomes of young women in India: a cross sectional, observational study. Lancet. 2009 May 30; 373(9678):1883-9.

PMCID: PMC2759702 (Title updated 4/2015) 65. Gupta J, Acevedo-Garcia D, Hemenway D, Decker MR, Raj A, Silverman JG. Intimate partner violence perpetration, immigration status, and disparities in a community health center-based sample of men. Public Health Reports. 2010 JanFeb; 125(1):79-87. PMCID: PMC2789819 66. Decker MR, Seage GR III, Hemenway D, Raj A, Niranjan S, Balaiah D, Silverman JG. Intimate partner violence functions as both a risk marker and a risk factor for women’s HIV Infection: findings from Indian husband-wife dyads. Journal of Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome. 2009 Aug 15; 51(5):593-600. PMID: 19421070 67. Reed E, Silverman JG, Welles SL, Santana MC, Missmer SA, Raj A. Associations between perceptions and involvement in neighborhood violence and intimate partner violence perpetration among urban, African American men. Journal of Community Health. 2009 Aug; 34(4):328-35. PMID: 19343487 68. Silverman JG, Decker MR, Gupta J, Kapur N, Raj A, Naved RT. Maternal experiences of intimate partner violence and child morbidity in Bangladesh: evidence from a national Bangladeshi sample. Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine. 2009 Aug; 163(8):700-5. PMID: 19652100 69. Reed E, Raj A, Falbo G, Caminha F, Decker MR, Kaliel DC, Missmer SA, Molnar BE, Silverman JG. The prevalence of violence and relation to depression and illicit drug use among incarcerated women in Recife, Brazil. International Journal of Law and Psychiatry. 2009 Sep-Oct; 32(5):323-8. PMID: 19615747 70. Gupta J, Raj A, Reed E, Decker MR, Silverman JG. HIV vulnerabilities of sex trafficked Indian women and girls.

International Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics. 2009 Oct; 107(1):30-4. PMCID: PMC3071755 71. Decker MR, Seage GR, Hemenway D, Gupta J, Raj A, Silverman JG. Intimate partner violence perpetration, standard and gendered STI/HIV risk behavior, and STI/HIV diagnosis among a clinic-based sample of men. Sexually Transmitted Infections (STI) 2009 Dec; 85(7):555-60. PMID: 19625287 72. Dharmadhikari AS, Gupta J, Decker MR, Raj A, Silverman JG. TB and HIV: A global menace exacerbated via sex trafficking. International Journal of Infectious Diseases. 2009 Sep;13(5):543-6. PMID: 19153056 73. Raj A, Saggurti N, Winter M, Labonte A, Decker MR, Balaiah D, Silverman JG. The effect of maternal child marriage on morbidity and mortality of children under 5 in India: cross-sectional study of a nationally representative sample. British Medical Journal. 2010 Jan 21; 340:b4258. doi: 10.1136/bmj.b4258. PMCID: PMC2809839 74. Decker MR, Miller E, Raj A, Saggurti N, Donta B, Silverman JG. Indian men's use of commercial sex workers: prevalence, condom use, and related gender attitudes. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes (JAIDS). 2010 Feb; 53(2):240-6. PMID: 19904213 75. Raj A, Saggurti N, Donta B, Decker MR, Geller AC, Winter, NR, Silverman JG. The effect of maternal child marriage on morbidity and mortality of children under 5 in India. British Medical Journal (BMJ). 2010 Jan 21; 340:b4258. PMCID: PMC2809839 76. Gupta J, Acevedo-Garcia D, Hemenway D, Decker MR, Raj A, Silverman JG. Intimate partner violence perpetration, immigration status, and disparities in a community health center-based sample of men. Public Health Reports. 2010 JanFeb; 125(1):79-87. PMCID: PMC2789819

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77. Silverman JG, Decker MR, McCauley HL, Gupta J, Miller E, Raj A, Goldberg A. Male intimate partner violence perpetration and involvement in abortions and abortion-related conflict. American Journal of Public Health. 2010 Aug; 100(8):1415-7. PMID: 20558805 78. Raj A, Lawrence D, Saggurti N, Donta B, Silverman JG. Association between adolescent marriage and marital violence in young adulthood in India. International Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics (IJGO). 2010 Jul; 110(1):35-9. PMCID: PMC3260080 79. Reed E, Raj A, Miller E, Silverman JG. Losing the “gender” in gender-based violence: missteps of research on dating and intimate partner violence. Violence Against Women, 2010 Mar; 16(3):348-54. PMID: 20133922 80. Reed E, Silverman JG, Ickovics JR, Gupta J, Welles SL, Santana MC, Raj A. Experiences of racial discrimination and relation to violence perpetration and gang involvement among a sample of urban African American men. Journal of Immigrant & Minority Health, 2010 Jun; 12(3):319-26. PMID: 18553221 81. Samet JH, Pace CA, Cheng DM, Coleman S, Bridden C, Pardesi M, Saggurti N, Raj, A. Alcohol use and sex risk behaviors among HIV-infected female sex workers (FSWs) and HIV-infected male clients of FSWs in India. AIDS Behavior, 2010 Aug; 14 Suppl 1:S74-83. PMCID: PMC2953370 82. Raj A, Sabarwal S, Decker MR, Nair S, Jethva M, Krishnan S, Donta B, Saggurti N, Silverman JG. Abuse from in-laws during pregnancy and post-partum: qualitative and quantitative findings from low-income mothers of infants in Mumbai, India. Matern Child Health J. 2011 Aug; 15(6):700-12. PMID: 20680670 83. Miller E, Decker MR, Raj A, Reed E, Silverman JG. Intimate partner violence and health care-seeking among female users of urban adolescent clinics. Maternal and Child Health Journal. 2010 Nov; 14(6):910-7. PMCID: PMC2962886 ( 84. Silverman JG, McCauley HL, Decker MR, Miller E, Reed E, Raj A. Coercive forms of sexual risk and associated violence perpetrated by male partners of female adolescents. Perspect Sex Reprod Health. 2011 Mar;43(1):60-5. doi: 10.1363/4306011. Epub 2011 Jan 27. PMID: 21388506 85. Silverman JG, Decker MR, Raj A, Cheng DM, McCauley HL, Wirth K, Donta B, Saggurti N. Gender-based disparities in infant and child mortality based on maternal exposure to husband violence: the heavy burden borne by Indian girls.

Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (APAM). 2011 Jan; 165(1):22-7. PMID: 21199976 86. Raj A, Gomez CS, Silverman JG. Multi-sectorial Afghan perspectives on girl child marriage: foundations for change do exist in Afghanistan. Violence Against Women. 2011 Mar 29. PMID: 21450680 87. Welles SL, Corbin TJ, Rich JA, Reed E, Raj A. Intimate partner violence among men having sex with men, women, or both: early-life sexual and physical abuse as antecedents. Journal of Community Health. 2011 Jun;36(3):477-85. PMID: 21116698 88. Raj A, Saggurti N, Cheng DM, Dasgupta A, Bridden C, Pradesi M, Samet J. Transactional sex risk and STI among HIVinfected female sex workers (FSWs) and HIV-infected male clients of FSWs in India. AIDS Care. 2011 Nov; 23(11):137481. PMID: 21711167 89. Reed E, Silverman JG, Raj A, Decker MR, Miller E. Male perpetration of teen dating violence: associations with neighborhood violence involvement, gender attitudes, and perceived peer and neighborhood norms. Journal of Urban Health. 2011 Apr; 88(2):226-39. PMCID: PMC3079026 90. Falb KL, McCauley HL, Decker MR, Gupta J, Raj A, Silverman JG. School bullying perpetration and other childhood risk factors as predictors of adult intimate partner violence perpetration. Archives of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine. 2011 Oct; 165(10):890-4. PMID: 21646570 91. Carroll BC, Raj A, Noel SE, Bauchner H. Dating violence among adolescents presenting to a pediatric emergency department. Archives of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine. 2011 Dec; 165(12):1101-6. PMID: 22147777 92. Raj A, Bowleg L. (2012). Heterosexual risk for HIV among Black men in the United States - a call to action against a neglected crisis in black communities. American Journal of Men’s Health. 2012 Mar; 6(3),178-81. doi: 10.1177/1557988311416496. PMCID: PMC3325332 93. Ameresekere M, Borg R, Frederick J, Vragovic O, Saia K, Raj A. Somali immigrant women’s perceptions of Cesarean sections and patient-provider communication around female circumcision and childbirth: experience in the United States.

International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2011 Dec; 115(3):227-30. PMID: 21937037 94. Silverman JG, Raj A, Cheng DM, Decker MR, Coleman S, Bridden C, Pardeshi M, Saggurti N, Samet JH. Sex trafficking and initiation-related violence, alcohol use and HIV risk among HIV+ female sex workers in Mumbai, India. Journal of Infectious Diseases. 2011 Dec 1; 204 Suppl 5:S1229-34. PMCID: PMC3247788 [Available on 2012/12/1] 95. Teti M, Drainoni ML, Raj A, Cozier YC, Harris C, Bright D, Welles S. Barriers and facilitators to providing HIV-related services in Bostonian African American churches: a focus group study of clergy and community members. Journal of HIV/AIDS and Social Services. 2011; 10(4), 345-362. http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/15381501.2011.623907#preview 96. Goldenberg SM, Rangel G, Vera A, Patterson TL, Abramovitz D, Silverman JG, Raj A, Strathdee SA. Exploring the impact of underage sex work among female sex workers in two Mexico-US border cities. 2012 May 16; (4):969-81. AIDS and Behavior. PMCID: PMC3319836 [Available on 2013/5/1] 97. Rothman EF, Decker MR, Miller E, Reed E, Raj A, Silverman JG. Multi-person sex among a sample of adolescent female urban health clinic patients. J Urban Health. 2012 Feb; 89(1):129-37. PMCID: PMC3284585 [Available on 2013/2/1] 7

98. Piwowarczyk L, Bishop H, Saia K, Crosby S, Mudymba F, Hashi N, Raj A. Pilot evaluation of a health promotion program for African immigrant and refugee women: the UJAMBO program. Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health.

2013;15(1):219-23. Epub 2012/04/06. PubMed PMID: 22476568. (Pub date and details updated 4/2015) 99. Reed E, Santana MC, Bowleg L, Welles SL, Horsburgh CR, Raj A. Experiences of racial discrimination and relation to sexual risk for HIV among a sample of urban African American men. Journal of Urban Health. 2013;90(2):314-22. Epub 2012/06/08. PubMed PMID: 22674464. (Pub date updated 4/2015) 100. Silverman JG, McCauley HL, Decker MR, Miller E, Reed E, Raj A. Coercive forms of sexual risk and associated violence perpetrated by male partners of female adolescents. Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health. 2011 Mar; 43(1): 605. PMID: 21388506 101. McDougal L, Strathdee SA, Rangel G, Martinez G, Vera A, Sirotin N, Stockman JK, Ulibarri MD, Raj A. Adverse pregnancy outcomes and sexual violence among female sex workers who inject drugs on the United States-Mexico border.

Violence and victims. 2013;28(3):496-512. Epub 2013/07/19. PubMed PMID: 23862312; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3963834. (In press notation updated 4/2015) 102. Pace CA, Lioznov D, Cheng DM, Wakeman SE, Raj A, Walley AY, Coleman SM, Bridden C, Krupitsky E, Samet JH. Sexually transmitted infections among HIV-infected heavy drinkers in St Petersburg, Russia. International journal of STD & AIDS. 2012;23(12):853-8. PubMed PMID: 23258823; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3641790. (In press notation updated 4/2015) 103. Dasgupta A, Battala M, Saggurti N, Nair S, Naik DD, Silverman JG, Balaiah D, Raj A. Local social support mitigates depression among women contending with spousal violence and husband's risky drinking in Mumbai slum communities.

Journal of affective disorders. 2013;145(1):126-9. Epub 2012/08/11. PubMed PMID: 22877967; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3557546. (In press notation updated 4/2015) 104. Raj A, Boehmer U. Girl child marriage and its association with national rates of HIV, maternal health, and infant mortality across 97 countries. Violence against women. 2013;19(4):536-51. Epub 2013/05/24. PubMed PMID: 23698937. (In press notation updated 4/2015) 105. Lunze K, Cheng DM, Quinn E, Krupitsky EM, Raj A, Walley AY, Bridden C, Chaisson CE, Lioznov D, Blokhina E, Samet JH. Nondisclosure of HIV infec tion to sex partners and alcohol’s role: a Russian experience. AIDS & Behavior.

2013;17(1):390-8. Epub 2012/06/09. PubMed PMID: 22677972; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3634358. (Pub dates and details updated 4/2015) 106. Saggurti N, Raj A, Mahapatra B, Cheng DM, Coleman S, Bridden C, Battala M, Silverman JG, Pardeshi MH, Samet JH. Prevalence and correlates of non-disclosure of HIV serostatus to sex partners among HIV-infected female sex workers and HIV-infected male clients of female sex workers in India. AIDS and behavior. 2013;17(1):399-406. PubMed PMID: 22810892; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3634359. (In press notation updated 4/2015) 107. Saggurti N, Nair S, Malviya A, Decker MR, Silverman JG, Raj A. Male Migration/Mobility and HIV Among Married Couples: Cross-Sectional Analysis of Nationally Representative Data from India. AIDS and Behavior. 2012 6(6), 16491658. doi: 10.1007/s10461-011-0022-z (Author order corrected 4/2015) 108. Raj A, Kidd JD, Cheng DM, Coleman S, Bridden C, Blokhina EA, Krupitsky E, Samet JH.Associations between partner violence perpetration and history of STI among HIV-infected substance using men in Russia. AIDS care. 2013;25(5):64651. PubMed PMID: 22971088; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3582729.

109. Decker MR, Nair S, Saggurti N, Sabri B, Jethva M, Raj A, Donta B, Silverman JG. Violence-related coping, help-seeking and health care-based intervention preferences among perinatal women in Mumbai, India. Journal of interpersonal violence.

2013;28(9):1924-47. Epub 2013/01/09. PubMed PMID: 23295374.

110. Piwowarczyk L, Bishop H, Yusuf A, Mudymba F, Raj A. Congolese and Somali beliefs about mental health services. The Journal of nervous and mental disease. 2014;202(3):209-16. Epub 2014/02/26. PubMed PMID: 24566506.

111. Raj A, Vilms RJ, McDougal L, Silverman JG. Association between having no sons and using no contraception among a nationally representative sample of young wives in Nepal. International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics. 2013;121(2):162-5. Epub 2013/03/12. PubMed PMID: 23474019; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC3736721.

112. Urada LA, Strathdee SA, Morisky DE, Schilling RF, Simbulan NP, Estacio LR, Jr., Raj. A. Sex work and its associations with alcohol and methamphetamine use among female bar and spa workers in the Philippines. Asia-Pacific journal of public health / Asia-Pacific Academic Consortium for Public Health. 2014;26(2):138-46. Epub 2013/01/25. PubMed PMID: 23343641; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC4065166.

113. Tyurina A, Krupitsky E, Cheng DM, Coleman SM, Walley AY, Bridden C, Gnatienko N, Zvartau E, Raj A, Samet JH. Is cannabis use associated with HIV drug and sex risk behaviors among Russian HIV-infected risky drinkers? Drug and Alcohol Dependence. 2013;132(1-2):74-80. Epub 2013/02/16. PubMed PMID: 23410616; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3726566.

114. Nasrullah M, Muazzam S, Bhutta ZA, Raj A. Girl Child Marriage and Its Effect on Fertility in Pakistan: findings from Pakistan Demographic and Health Survey, 2006-2007. Maternal and child health journal. 2014;18(3):534-43. Epub 2013/04/13. PubMed PMID: 23580067.

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115. Urada LA, Raj A, Cheng DM, Quinn E, Bridden C, Blokhina EA, Krupitsky E, Samet JH. History of intimate partner violence is associated with sex work but not sexually transmitted infection among HIV-positive female drinkers in Russia.

International journal of STD & AIDS. 2013;24(4):287-92. Epub 2013/08/24. PubMed PMID: 23970660; PMCID: PMC3752703.

116. Reed E, Lawrence DA, Santana MC, Welles CS, Horsburgh CR, Silverman JG, Rich JA, Raj A. Adolescent experiences of violence and relation to violence perpetration beyond young adulthood among an urban sample of Black and African American males. Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine. 2014;91(1):96-106. Epub 2013/05/10. PubMed PMID: 23657905; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPmc3907629.

117. Raj A, Dasgupta A, Goldson I, Lafontant D, Freeman E, Silverman JG. Pilot evaluation of the Making Employment Needs [MEN] Count intervention: Addressing behavioral and structural HIV risks in heterosexual Black men. AIDS care.

2014;26(2):152-9. Epub 2013/06/19. PubMed PMID: 23767788; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3823747.

118. Odinokova V, Rusakova M, Urada LA, Silverman JG, Raj A. Police sexual coercion and its association with risky sex work and substance use behaviors among female sex workers in St. Petersburg and Orenburg, Russia. Int J Drug Policy.

2014;25(1):96-104. Epub 2013/08/07. PubMed PMID: 23916802; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPmc4211608.

119. Nair S, Raj A, Saggurti N, Naik DD, Dasgupta A, Balaiah D. Reproductive health concerns of women contending with spousal violence and husband's alcohol use in a Mumbai slum community. International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics. 2013. Epub 2013/06/26.

PubMed PMID: 23796257; PMCID: PMC3736697.

120. Silverman JG, Saggurti N, Cheng DM, Decker MR, Coleman SM, Bridden C, Pardeshi M, Dasgupta A, Samet JH, Raj A. Associations of sex trafficking history with recent sexual risk among HIV-infected FSWs in India. AIDS and behavior.

2014;18(3):555-61. Epub 2013/08/21. PubMed PMID: 23955657; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPmc4111225.

121. Raj A, Saggurti N, Battala M, Nair S, Dasgupta A, Naik DD, et al. Randomized controlled trial to test the RHANI Wives HIV intervention for women in India at risk for HIV from husbands. AIDS and behavior. 2013;17(9):3066-80. Epub 2013/08/08. PubMed PMID: 23921584; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPmc4058338.

122. Raj A, McDougal L, Rusch ML. Effects of young maternal age and short interpregnancy interval on infant mortality in South Asia. International Journal of Gynaecology and Obstetrics: the official organization of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics. 2013. Epub 2013/10/26. PubMed PMID: 24156988; PMCID: PMC4058333.

123. Gunn CM, Freund KM, Kaplan SA, Raj A, Carr PL. Knowledge and perceptions of family leave policies among female faculty in academic medicine. Women's health issues: official publication of the Jacobs Institute of Women's Health.

2014;24(2):e205-10. Epub 2014/02/19. PubMed PMID: 24533979; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC3994529.

124. Walley AY, Cheng DM, Coleman SM, Krupitsky E, Raj A, Blokhina E, et al. Risk factors for recent nonfatal overdose among HIV-infected Russians who inject drugs. AIDS care. 2014. Epub 2014/01/03. PubMed PMID: 24382133; PMCID: PMC4040021.

125. Reed E, Miller E, Raj A, Decker MR, Silverman JG. Teen dating violence perpetration and relation to STI and sexual risk behaviours among adolescent males. Sexually transmitted infections. 2014;90(4):322-4. Epub 2014/03/01. PubMed PMID: 24578579.

126. Kiriazova T, Cheng DM, Coleman SM, Blokhina E, Krupitsky E, Lira MC, Bridden C, Raj A, Samet JH. Factors associated with study attrition among HIV-infected risky drinkers in St. Petersburg, Russia. HIV clinical trials.

2014;15(3):116-25. Epub 2014/06/21. PubMed PMID: 24947535; PMCID: PMC4380146..

127. Raj A, McDougal L. Sexual violence and rape in India. Lancet. 2014;383(9920):865. Epub 2014/03/13. PubMed PMID: 24607092. [Featured in Lancet Editorial, An inspired change- stopping violence against women. Lancet. 383:9920. March 2014.]

128. Saggurti N, Nair S, Silverman JG, Naik DD, Battala M, Dasgupta A, Balaiah D, Raj A. Impact of the RHANI Wives intervention on marital conflict and sexual coercion. International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics. 2014;126(1):18-22. Epub 2014/05/06. PubMed PMID: 24795094; PMCID: 4053482.

129. Raj A, McDougal LP, Silverman JG. Gendered effects of siblings on child malnutrition in South Asia: cross-sectional analysis of demographic and health surveys from Bangladesh, India, and Nepal. Maternal and child health journal.

2015;19(1):217-26. Epub 2014/06/04. PubMed PMID: 24889112; PMCID: PMC4254892.

130. Raj A, Ghule M, Battala M, Dasgupta A, Ritter J, Nair S, Saggurti N, Silverman JG, Balaiah D. Brief report: Parentadolescent child concordance in social norms related to gender equity in marriage - findings from rural India. Journal of Adolescence. 2014;37(7):1181-4. Epub 2014/09/01. PubMed PMID: 25173179; PMCID: PMC4340658.

131. Samet JH, Raj A, Cheng DM, Blokhina E, Bridden C, Chaisson CE, Walley AY, Palfai TP, Quinn EK, Zvartau E, Lioznov D, Krupitsky E. HERMITAGE-- a randomized controlled trial to reduce sexually transmitted infections and HIV risk behaviors among HIV-infected Russian drinkers. Addiction (Abingdon, England). 2015;110(1):80-90. Epub 2014/08/30.

PubMed PMID: 25170994; PMCID: 4270840.

132. Lunze K, Raj A, Cheng DM, Quinn EK, Bridden C, Blokhina E, Walley AY, Krupitsky E, Samet JH. Punitive policing and associated substance use risks among HIV-positive people in Russia who inject drugs. Journal of the International AIDS Society. 2014;17(1):19043. Epub 2014/07/12. PubMed PMID: 25014321; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPmc4093768.

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133. Mody SK, Nair S, Dasgupta A, Raj A, Donta B, Saggurti N, Naik DD, Silverman JG. Postpartum contraception utilization among low-income women seeking immunization for infants in Mumbai, India. Contraception. 2014;89(6):516-20. Epub 2014/02/25. PubMed PMID: 24560478; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPmc4264596.

134. Silverman JG, Raj A. Intimate partner violence and reproductive coercion: global barriers to women's reproductive control.

PLoS medicine. 2014;11(9):e1001723. Epub 2014/09/17. PubMed PMID: 25226396; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPmc4165751.

135. Raj A, McDougal L, Silverman JG, Rusch ML. Cross-sectional time series analysis of associations between education and girl child marriage in Bangladesh, India, Nepal and Pakistan, 1991-2011. PloS one. 2014;9(9):e106210. Epub 2014/09/10.

PubMed PMID: 25203635; PMCID: PMC4159189 136. Carr PL, Gunn CM, Kaplan SA, Raj A, Freund KM. Inadequate Progress for Women in Academic Medicine: Findings from the National Faculty Study. J Womens Health (Larchmt). 2015 Mar;24(3):190-199. Epub 2015 Feb 6. PMID: 25658907; PMCID: PMC4363794.

137. Raj A, McDougal L, Reed E, Silverman JG. Associations of marital violence with different forms of contraception: crosssectional findings from South Asia. International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics. 2015;130 Suppl 3:E56-61. Epub 2015/05/23. PubMed PMID: 25997632; PMCID: PMC4556558.

138. Raj A, McDougal L. Associations of intimate partner violence with unintended pregnancy and pre-pregnancy contraceptive use in South Asia. Contraception. 2015;91(6):456-63. Epub 2015/03/15. PubMed PMID: 25769441; PMCID: PMC4442030.

139. Raj A, Ghule M, Nair S, Saggurti N, Balaiah D, Silverman JG. Age at menarche, education, and child marriage among young wives in rural Maharashtra, India. International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: The official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics. 2015;131(1):103-4. PubMed PMID: 26188875; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4593722.

140. Silverman JG, Servin A, Goldenberg SM, Magis-Rodriguez C, Ritter J, Raj A, Brouwer KC. Sexual violence and HIV infection associated with adolescent vs adult entry into the sex trade in Mexico. JAMA : the journal of the American Medical Association. 2015;314(5):516-8 PubMed PMID: 26241604; PMCID: PMC4890562.

141. Walley AY, Palmisano J, Sorensen-Alawad A, Chaisson C, Raj A, Samet JH, Drainoni ML. Engagement and Substance Dependence in a Primary Care-Based Addiction Treatment Program for People Infected with HIV and People at High-Risk for HIV Infection. Journal of substance abuse treatment. 2015;59:59-66. Epub 2015/08/25. PubMed PMID: 26298399.

142. Lunze K, Lunze FI, Raj A, Samet JH. Stigma and human rights abuses against people who inject drugs in Russia--a qualitative investigation to inform policy and public health strategies. PloS one. 2015;10(8):e0136030. PubMed PMID: 26305697; PubMed Central PMCID: Pmc4549320.

143. Svanemyr J, Chandra-Mouli V, Raj A, Travers E, Sundaram L. Research priorities on ending child marriage and supporting married girls. Reproductive health. 2015;12:80. PubMed PMID: 26336068; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4558638.

144. Falb KL, Annan J, Kpebo D, Cole H, Willie T, Xuan Z, Raj A, Gupta J. Differential impacts of an intimate partner violence prevention program based on child marriage status in rural Cote d'Ivoire. Journal of adolescent health. 2015;57(5):553-8.

PubMed PMID: 26372368.

145. Reed E, Donta B, Dasgupta A, Ghule M, Battala M, Nair S, Silverman JG, Jadhav A, Palaye P, Saggurti N, Raj A. Household debt and relation to intimate partner violence and husbands' attitudes toward gender norms: A study among young married couples in rural Maharashtra, India. Public health reports. 2015;130(6):664-71. PubMed PMID: 26556938; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4612175.

146. Silverman JG, Balaiah D, Decker MR, Boyce SC, Ritter J, Naik DD, Nair S, Saggurti N, Raj A. Family Violence and Maltreatment of Women During the Perinatal Period: Associations with Infant Morbidity in Indian Slum Communities.

Maternal and child health journal. 2016;20(1):149-57. Epub 2015/10/07. PubMed PMID: 26440937; PMCID: PMC4871160..

147. Urada LA, Halterman S, Raj A, Tsuyuki K, Pimentel-Simbulan N, Silverman JG. Socio-structural and behavioral risk factors associated with trafficked history of female bar/spa entertainers in the sex trade in the Philippines. International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics.

2016;132(1):55-9. Epub 2015/10/06. PubMed PMID: 26434671; PMCID: PMC4715926.

148. Reed E, Saggurti N, Donta B, Ritter J, Dasgupta A, Ghule M, Battala M, Nair S, Silverman JG, Jadhav A, Palaye P, Raj A. Intimate partner violence among married couples in India and contraceptive use reported by women but not husbands.

International journal of gynecology & obstetrics. 2016;133(1):22-5. PubMed PMID: 26873122.

149. Yore J, Dasgupta A, Ghule M, Battala M, Nair S, Silverman J, Saggurti N, Balaiah D, Raj A. CHARM, a gender equity and family planning intervention for men and couples in rural India: protocol for the cluster randomized controlled trial evaluation. Reproductive health. 2016;13(1):14. Epub 2016/02/22. PubMed PMID: 26897656; PMCID: PMC4761168.

150. Wagman JA, Donta B, Ritter J, Naik DD, Nair S, Saggurti N, Raj A, Silverman JG. Husband's alcohol use, intimate partner violence, and family maltreatment of low-income postpartum women in Mumbai, India. Journal of interpersonal violence.

2016. PubMed PMID: 26802047.

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151. Gnatienko N, Han SC, Krupitsky E, Blokhina E, Bridden C, Chaisson CE, Cheng DM, Walley AY, Raj A, Samet JH. Linking Infectious and Narcology Care (LINC) in Russia: design, intervention and implementation protocol. Addiction science & clinical practice. 2016;11(1):10. Epub 2016/05/06. PubMed PMID: 27141834; PMCID: PMC4855723.

152. Battala M, Raj A, Ghule M, Nair S, Silverman J, Dasgupta A, Donta B, Saggurti N. Association between tribal status and spacing contraceptive use in rural Maharashtra, India. Sexual & reproductive healthcare: official journal of the Swedish Association of Midwives. 2016;7:78-80. Epub 2016/01/31. PubMed PMID: 26826050; PMCID: PMC4743256.

153. Clark CJ, Spencer RA, IA, Gilbert L, El-Bassel N, Silverman JG, Raj A. The influence of family violence and child marriage on unmet need for family planning in Jordan. The journal of family planning and reproductive health care. 2016.

PubMed PMID: 26956155.

154. Reed E, Donta B, Dasgupta A, Ghule M, Battala M, Nair S, Silverman J, Jadhav A, Palaye P, Saggurti N, Raj A. Access to Money and Relation to Women's Use of Family Planning Methods Among Young Married Women in Rural India. Maternal and child health journal. 2016;20(6):1203-10. Epub 2016/03/14. PubMed PMID: 26971270; PMCID: PMC4873327.

155. Fielding-Miller R, Davidson P, Raj A. Blacks face higher risk of drug arrests in White neighborhoods. The International journal on drug policy. 2016;32:100-3. Epub 2016/05/01. PubMed PMID: 27129793; PMCID: PMC4899119.

156. Freund KM, Raj A, Kaplan SE, Terrin N, Breeze JL, Urech TH, Carr PL. Inequities in Academic Compensation by Gender: A Follow-up to the National Faculty Survey Cohort Study. Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges. 2016;91(8):1068-73. Epub 2016/06/09. PubMed PMID: 27276007; PMCID: PMC4965349.

157. Gnatienko N, Han SC, Krupitsky E, Blokhina E, Bridden C, Chaisson CE, Cheng DM, Walley AY, Raj A, Samet JH. Linking Infectious and Narcology Care (LINC) in Russia: design, intervention and implementation protocol. Addiction science & clinical practice. 2016;11(1):10. Epub 2016/05/06. PubMed PMID: 27141834; PMCID: PMC4855723.

158. Lunze K, Raj A, Cheng DM, Quinn EK, Lunze FI, Liebschutz JM, Bridden C, Walley AY, Blokhina E, Krupitsky E, Samet JH. Sexual violence from police and HIV risk behaviours among HIV-positive women who inject drugs in St. Petersburg, Russia - a mixed methods study. Journal of the International AIDS Society. 2016;19(4 Suppl 3):20877. Epub 2016/07/21.

PubMed PMID: 27435712; PMCID: PMC4951542.

159. McDougal L, Rusch ML, Silverman JG, Raj A. Linkages Within the Reproductive and Maternal Health Continuum of Care in Bangladesh. Asia-Pacific journal of public health / Asia-Pacific Academic Consortium for Public Health.

2016;28(5):423-37. Epub 2016/07/03. PubMed PMID: 27371578.

160. Raj A, Carr PL, Kaplan SE, Terrin N, Breeze JL, Freund KM. Longitudinal Analysis of Gender Differences in Academic Productivity Among Medical Faculty Across 24 Medical Schools in the United States. Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges. 2016;91(8):1074-9. Epub 2016/06/09. PubMed PMID: 27276002; PMCID: PMC5411176.

161. Raj A, Ghule M, Ritter J, Battala M, Gajanan V, Nair S, Dasgupta A, Silverman JG, Balaiah D, Saggurti N. Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial Evaluation of a Gender Equity and Family Planning Intervention for Married Men and Couples in Rural India. PloS one. 2016;11(5):e0153190. Epub 2016/05/12. PubMed PMID: 27167981; PMCID: PMC4864357.

162. Silverman JG, Balaiah D, Ritter J, Dasgupta A, Boyce SC, Decker MR, Naik DD, Nair S, Saggurti N, Raj A. Maternal morbidity associated with violence and maltreatment from husbands and in-laws: findings from Indian slum communities.

Reproductive health. 2016;13:109. Epub 2016/09/10. PubMed PMID: 27608805; PMCID: PMC5017035.

163. Urada LA, Simmons J, Wong B, Tsuyuki K, Condino-Enrera G, Hernandez LI, Simbulan NP, Raj A. A human rightsfocused HIV intervention for sex workers in Metro Manila, Philippines: evaluation of effects in a quantitative pilot study.

International journal of public health. 2016;61(8):945-57. Epub 2016/10/25. PubMed PMID: 27600733; PMCID: PMC5226624.

164. Fairbairn NS, Walley AY, Cheng DM, Quinn E, Bridden C, Chaisson C, Blokhina E, Lioznov D, Krupitsky E, Raj A, Samet JH. Mortality in HIV-Infected Alcohol and Drug Users in St. Petersburg, Russia. PloS one. 2016;11(11):e0166539.

Epub 2016/11/30. PubMed PMID: 27898683; PMCID: PMC5127495.

165. Smith LR, Yore J, Triplett DP, Urada L, Nemoto T, Raj A. Impact of Sexual Violence Across the Lifespan on HIV Risk Behaviors Among Transgender Women and Cisgender People Living With HIV. Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes. 2017;75(4):408-16. Epub 2017/06/28. PubMed PMID: 28653970.

166. Carr PL, Gunn C, Raj A, Kaplan S, Freund KM. Recruitment, Promotion, and Retention of Women in Academic Medicine: How Institutions Are Addressing Gender Disparities. Women's health issues: official publication of the Jacobs Institute of Women's Health. 2017. Epub 2017/01/09. PubMed PMID: 28063849; PMCID: PMC5435548.

167. Reed E, Saggurti N, Donta B, Ritter J, Dasgupta A, Ghule M, Battala M, Nair S, Silverman JG, Jadhav A, Palaye P, Raj A. Intimate partner violence among married couples in India and contraceptive use reported by women but not husbands.

International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics. 2016;133(1):22-5. Epub 2016/02/14. PubMed PMID: 26873122; PMCID: PMC4878818.

168. Blazey-Martin D, Carr PL, Terrin N, Breeze JL, Luk C, Raj A, Freund KM. Lower Rates of Promotion of Generalists in Academic Medicine: A Follow-up to the National Faculty Survey. Journal of general internal medicine. 2017;32(7):747-52.

Epub 2017/01/26. PubMed PMID: 28120296; PMCID: PMC5481222.

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169. McDougal L, Atmavilas Y, Hay K, Silverman JG, Tarigopula UK, Raj A. Making the continuum of care work for mothers and infants: Does gender equity matter? Findings from a quasi-experimental study in Bihar, India. PloS one.

2017;12(2):e0171002. Epub 2017/02/02. PubMed PMID: 28146586; PMCID: PMC5287473.

170. Seth A, Tomar S, Singh K, Chandurkar D, Chakraverty A, Dey A, Das AK, Hay K, Saggurti N, Boyce S, Raj A, Silverman JG. Differential effects of community health worker visits across social and economic groups in Uttar Pradesh, India: a link between social inequities and health disparities. International journal for equity in health. 2017;16(1):46. Epub 2017/03/09.

PubMed PMID: 28270151; PMCID: PMC5341400.

171. Shakya HB, Fleming P, Saggurti N, Donta B, Silverman J, Raj A. Longitudinal associations of intimate partner violence attitudes and perpetration: Dyadic couples data from a randomized controlled trial in rural India. Social science & medicine (1982). 2017;179:97-105. Epub 2017/03/07. PubMed PMID: 28260640; PMCID: PMC5836743.

172. Raj A. Validity of self-reported age at marriage in rural India. International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organization of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics. 2017. Epub 2017/02/22. PubMed PMID: 28218966; PMCID: PMC5419867.

173. Diamond-Smith N, Raj A, Prata N, Weiser SD. Associations of women's position in the household and food insecurity with family planning use in Nepal. PloS one. 2017;12(4):e0176127. Epub 2017/04/30. PubMed PMID: 28453562; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC5409177.

174. Shakya HB, CJ, Ojeda C, Raj A, Reed E. S Social Network Clustering of Sexual Violence Experienced by Adolescent Girls. American journal of epidemiology. 2017;186(7):796-804. Epub 2017/05/20. PubMed PMID: 28525565; PMCID: PMC5860144.

175. Edelman EJ, Lunze K, Cheng DM, Lioznov DA, Quinn E, Gnatienko N, Bridden C, Chaisson CE, Walley AY, Krupitsky EM, Raj A, Samet JH. HIV Stigma and Substance Use Among HIV-Positive Russians with Risky Drinking. AIDS and behavior. 2017;21(9):2618-27. Epub 2017/06/22. PubMed PMID: 28634662; PMCID: PMC5856479.

176. Raj A, Dey A, Boyce S, Seth A, Bora S, Chandurkar D, Hay K, Singh K, Das AK, Chakraverty A, Ramakrishnan A, Shetye M, Saggurti N, Silverman JG. Associations Between Mistreatment by a Provider during Childbirth and Maternal Health Complications in Uttar Pradesh, India. Maternal and child health journal. 2017;21(9):1821-33. Epub 2017/07/06. PubMed PMID: 28676965.

177. Vilms RJ, McDougal L, Atmavilas Y, Hay K, Triplett DP, Silverman J, Raj A. Gender inequities in curative and preventive health care use among infants in Bihar, India. Journal of global health. 2017;7(2):020402. Epub 2017/09/30. PubMed PMID: 28959437; PMCID: PMC5592115.

178. McClendon KA, McDougal L, Ayyaluru S, Belayneh Y, Sinha A, Silverman JG, Raj A. Intersections of girl child marriage and family planning beliefs and use: qualitative findings from Ethiopia and India. Culture, health & sexuality. 2017:1-16.

Epub 2017/10/19. PubMed PMID: 29043910.

179. Raj A, Silverman JG, Klugman J, Saggurti N, Donta B, Shakya HB. Longitudinal analysis of the impact of economic empowerment on risk for intimate partner violence among married women in rural Maharashtra, India. Social science & medicine (1982). 2018;196:197-203. Epub 2017/12/05. PubMed PMID: 29197753; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC5768455.

180. Shakya HB, Fleming P, Saggurti N, Donta B, Silverman J, Raj A. Longitudinal associations of intimate partner violence attitudes and perpetration: Dyadic couples data from a randomized controlled trial in rural India. Social science & medicine (1982). 2017;179:97-105. Epub 2017/03/07. PubMed PMID: 28260640; PMCID: PMC5836743.

181. Shakya HB, Fariss CJ, Ojeda C, Raj A, Reed E. Social Network Clustering of Sexual Violence Experienced by Adolescent Girls. American journal of epidemiology. 2017;186(7):796-804. Epub 2017/05/20. PubMed PMID: 28525565; PMCID: PMC5860144.

182. Tsuyuki K, Donta B, Dasgupta A, Fleming PJ, Ghule M, Madhusudana B, Nair S, Silverman JG, Saggurti N, Raj A. Masculine Gender Ideologies, Intimate Partner Violence, and Alcohol Use Increase Risk for Genital Tract Infections Among Men. Journal of interpersonal violence. 2017:886260517700619. Epub 2018/01/04. PubMed PMID: 29294709; PMCID: PMC5756145.

183. Kaplan SE, Raj A, Carr PL, Terrin N, Breeze JL, Freund KM. Race/ethnicity and success in academic medicine: findings from a longitudinal multi-institutional study. Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges. 2017. Epub 2017/10/27. PubMed PMID: 29068820; PMCID: PMC5916738.

184. Dey A, Shakya HB, Chandurkar D, Kumar S, Das AK, Anthony J, Shetye M, Krishnan S, Silverman JG, Raj A. Discordance in self-report and observation data on mistreatment of women by providers during childbirth in Uttar Pradesh, India. Reproductive health. 2017;14(1):149. Epub 2017/11/17. PubMed PMID: 29141640; PMCID: PMC5688759.

185. Kiriazova T, Lunze K, Raj A, Bushara N, Blokhina E, Krupitsky E, Bridden C, Lioznov D, Samet JH, Gifford AL. "It is easier for me to shoot up": stigma, abandonment, and why HIV-positive drug users in Russia fail to link to HIV care. AIDS care. 2017;29(5):559-63. Epub 2016/11/23. PubMed PMID: 27871198; PMCID: PMC5350043.

186. West BS, Cheng DM, Toussova O, Blokhina E, Gnatienko N, Liu K, Samet JH, Raj A. Contraceptive Use Among HIVInfected Females with History of Injection Drug Use in St. Petersburg, Russia. AIDS and behavior. 2017. Epub 2017/11/25.

PubMed PMID: 29170946.

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187. Boyce SC, McDougal L, Silverman JG, Atmavilas Y, Dhar D, Hay K, Raj A. Associations of intimate partner violence with postnatal health practices in Bihar, India. BMC pregnancy and childbirth. 2017;17(1):398. Epub 2017/12/01. PubMed PMID: 29187158; PMCID: PMC5706152.

188. Rahman ML, Kile ML, Rodrigues EG, Valeri L, Raj A, Mazumdar M, Mostofa G, Quamruzzaman Q, Rahman M, Hauser R, Baccarelli A, Liang L, Christiani DC. Prenatal arsenic exposure, child marriage, and pregnancy weight gain: Associations with preterm birth in Bangladesh. Environment international. 2018;112:23-32. Epub 2017/12/16. PubMed PMID: 29245039.

189. Carr PL, Raj A, Kaplan SE, Terrin N, Breeze JL, Freund KM. Gender Differences in Academic Medicine: Retention, Rank, and Leadership Comparisons From the National Faculty Survey. Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges. 2018. Epub 2018/02/01. PubMed PMID: 29384751.

190. Fleming PJ, Silverman J, Ghule M, Ritter J, Battala M, Velhal G, Nair S, Dasgupta A, Donta B, Saggurti N, Raj A. Can a Gender Equity and Family Planning Intervention for Men Change Their Gender Ideology? Results from the CHARM Intervention in Rural India. Studies in family planning. 2018;49(1):41-56. Epub 2018/02/15. PubMed PMID: 29441577.

191. Ewerling F, Victora CG, Raj A, Coll CVN, Hellwig F, Barros AJD. Demand for family planning satisfied with modern methods among sexually active women in low- and middle-income countries: who is lagging behind? Reproductive health.

2018;15(1):42. Epub 2018/03/08. PubMed PMID: 29510682; PMCID: PMC5840731.

192. Kaplan SE, Gunn CM, Kulukulualani AK, Raj A, Freund KM, Carr PL. Challenges in recruiting, retaining and promoting racially and ethnically diverse faculty. Journal of the National Medical Association. 2018;110(1):58-64. Epub 2018/03/08.

PubMed PMID: 29510845; PMCID: PMC5844367.

193. Countdown to 2030: tracking progress towards universal coverage for reproductive, maternal, newborn, and child health.

Lancet. 2018;391(10129):1538-48. Epub 2018/02/06. PubMed PMID: 29395268. *NOTE: I am a member of the 2030 Countdown to Maternal and Child Health Equity Working Group and co-author on this paper; I met IJCME authorship guidelines for inclusion as a co-author.

194. Urada LA, Smith LR, Yore J, Triplett DP, Hucks-Ortiz C, Raj A. Sex Trade and Health Care Utilization Among People Living with HIV/AIDS. AIDS and behavior. Aug;22(8):2553-2563. doi: 10.1007/s10461-018-2131-4. PMID: 29748844 195. Dasgupta A, Silverman J, Saggurti N, Ghule M, Donta B, Battala M, Nair S, Gajanan V, Raj A. Understanding men's elevated alcohol use, gender equity ideologies, and intimate partner violence among married couples in rural India.

American journal of men's health. 2018:1557988318775844. Epub 2018/05/22. PubMed PMID: 29779428.

196. Wagman JA, Samet JH, Cheng DM, Gnatienko N, Raj A, Blokhina E, Toussova O, Forman LS, Lioznov D, Tsui JI. Female Gender and HIV Transmission Risk Behaviors Among People Living with HIV Who Have Ever Used Injection Drugs in St. Petersburg, Russia. AIDS and behavior. 2018. Epub 2018/05/26. PubMed PMID: 29797161.

197. Dasgupta A, Raj A, Nair S, Naik D, Saggurti N, Donta B, Silverman JG. Assessing the relationship between intimate partner violence, externally-decided pregnancy and unintended pregnancies among women in slum communities in Mumbai, India. BMJ Sex Reprod Health. 2018 Jun 18. pii: jfprhc-2017-101834. doi: 10.1136/bmjsrh-2017-101834. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 29972358 198. Dhar D, McDougal L, Hay K, Atmavilas Y, Silverman J, Triplett D, Raj A. Associations between intimate partner violence and reproductive and maternal health outcomes in Bihar, India: a cross-sectional study. Reprod Health. 2018 Jun 19;15(1):109. doi: 10.1186/s12978-018-0551-2. PMID:29921276 199. Dasgupta A, Saggurti N, Ghule M, Reed E, Donta B, Battala M, Nair S, Ritter J, Gajanan V, Silverman J, Raj A. Associations between intimate partner violence and married women’s condom and other contraceptive use in rural India.

Sex Health. 2018 Jul 26. doi: 10.1071/SH17090. [Epub ahead of print] 200. McDougal L, Jackson EC, McClendon KA, Belayneh Y, Sinha A, Raj A. Beyond the statistic: exploring the process of early marriage decision-making using qualitative findings from Ethiopia and India. BMC Womens Health. 2018 Aug 24;18(1):144. doi: 10.1186/s12905-018-0631-z.PMID:30143040 201. Dey A, Hay K, Afroz B, Chandurkar D, Singh K, Dehingia N, Raj A, Silverman JG. Understanding intersections of social determinants of maternal healthcare utilization in Uttar Pradesh, India. PLoS One. 2018 Oct 4;13(10):e0204810. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0204810. eCollection 2018. PMID:30286134 202. Gnatienko N, Wagman JA, Cheng DM, Bazzi AR, Raj A, Blokhina E, Toussova O, Forman LS, Lioznov D, Bridden C, Sullivan M, Bryant K, Samet JH, Tsui JI. Serodiscordant partnerships and opportunities for pre-exposure prophylaxis among partners of women and men living with HIV in St. Petersburg, Russia. PLoS One. 2018 Nov 16;13(11):e0207402. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0207402. eCollection 2018. PMID:30444903 203. Raj A, Yore J, Urada L, Triplett DP, Vaida F, Smith LR. Multi-Site Evaluation of Community-Based Efforts to improve engagement in HIV care among populations disproportionately affected by HIV in the United States. AIDS Patient Care STDS. 2018 Nov;32(11):438-449. doi: 10.1089/apc.2018.0128. PMID:30398952 204. McDougal L, Krumholz S, Bhan N, Bharadwaj P, Raj A Releasing the Tide: How has a shock to the acceptability of gender-based sexual violence affected rape reporting to police in India? J Interpers Violence. 2018 Nov 15:886260518811421. doi: 10.1177/0886260518811421. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 30442046

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205. Fielding-Miller R, Cooper HLF, Caslin S, Raj A. The interaction of race and gender as a significant driver of racial arrest disparities for African American men. J Urban Health. 2018 Dec 13. doi: 10.1007/s11524-018-00325-1. [Epub ahead of print] PMID:30547363 206. Raj A, Salazar M, Jackson EC, Wyss N, McClendon KA, Khanna A, Belayneh Y, McDougal L. Students and brides: a qualitative analysis of the relationship between girls' education and early marriage in Ethiopia and India. BMC Public Health. 2019 Jan 7;19(1):19. doi: 10.1186/s12889-018-6340-6. PMID:30612553 207. Samet JH, Blokhina E, Cheng DM, Walley AY, Lioznov D, Gnatienko N, Quinn EK, Bridden C, Chaisson CE, Toussova O, Gifford AL, Raj A, Krupitsky E. A strengths-based case management intervention to link HIV-positive PWID in Russia to HIV care - results from a randomized controlled trial. AIDS. 2019 Apr 5. doi: 10.1097/QAD.0000000000002230. [Epub ahead of print]. PMID: 30964750 208. Jose R, Fowler JH, Raj A. Political Differences in American Reports of Sexual Harassment and Assault. J Interpers Violence. 2019 Mar 22:886260519835003. doi: 10.1177/0886260519835003. [Epub ahead of print]. PMID: 30898004 209. Raj A, Johns N, Jose R. Racial/ethnic disparities in sexual harassment in the United States, 2018. J Interpers Violence.

2019 Apr 11:886260519842171. doi: 10.1177/0886260519842171. [Epub ahead of print] PMID:30973044 210. Petroni S, Yates R, Siddiqi M, Luo C, Finnie A, Walker D, Welbourn A, Langevin-Falcon C, Cappa C, Palermo T, Ngo TD, Baird S, Makokha J, Singh S, Paul M, Ndlovu P, Mannikko R, Raj A, Ameyan W, Okondo H, Chandra-Mouli V. Understanding the relationships between HIV and child marriage: conclusions from an expert consultation. J Adolesc Health. 2019 Jun;64(6):694-696. doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2019.02.001. No abstract available. PMID: 31122504 211. Singh A, Kumar K, McDougal L, Silverman JG, Atmavilas Y, Gupta R, Raj A. Does owning a bank account improve reproductive and maternal health services utilization and behavior in India? Evidence from the National Family Health Survey 2015-16. SSM Popul Health. 2019 Apr 6;7:100396. doi: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2019.100396. eCollection 2019 Apr. PMID: 31016224 212. Hay K, McDougal L, Percival V, Henry S, Klugman J, Wurie H, Raven J, Shabalala F, Fielding-Miller R, Dey A, Dehingia N, Morgan R, Atmavilas Y, Saggurti N, Yore J, Blokhina E, Huque R, Barasa E, Bhan N, Kharel C, Silverman JG, Raj A; Gender Equality, Norms, and Health Steering Committee. Disrupting gender norms in health systems: Making the case for change. Lancet. 2019;S0140-6736(19):30648-8 213. Rao Gupta G, Oomman N, Grown C, Conn K, Hawkes S, Shawar YR, Shiffman J, Buse K, Mehra R, Bah CA, Heise L, Greene ME, Weber AM, Heymann J, Hay K, Raj A, Henry S, Klugman J, Darmstadt GL; Gender Equality, Norms, and Health Steering Committee. Gender equality and gender norms: framing the opportunities for health. Lancet. 2019 May 30. pii: S0140-6736(19)30651-8. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(19)30651-8. [Epub ahead of print] Review. PMID: 31155276 214. Heise L, Greene ME, Opper N, Stavropoulou M, Harper C, Nascimento M, Zewdie D; Gender Equality, Norms, and Health Steering Committee. Gender inequality and restrictive gender norms: fraiming the challenges to health. Lancet. 2019 May 30. pii: S0140-6736(19)30652-X. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(19)30652-X. [Epub ahead of print] Review. PMID: 31155275.

[As a Member of the Gender Equality, Norms, and Health Steering Committee.]

215. Weber AM, Cislaghi B, Meausoone V, Abdalla S, Mejía-Guevara I, Loftus P, Hallgren E, Seff I, Stark L, Victora CG, Buffarini R, Barros AJD, Domingue BW, Bhushan D, Gupta R, Nagata JM, Shakya HB, Richter LM, Norris SA, Ngo TD, Chae S, Haberland N, McCarthy K, Cullen MR, Darmstadt GL; Gender Equality, Norms and Health Steering Committee.

Gender norms and health: insights from global survey data. Lancet. 2019 May 30. pii: S0140-6736(19)30765-2. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(19)30765-2. [Epub ahead of print] Review. PMID: 31155273. [As a Member of the Gender Equality, Norms, and Health Steering Committee.]

216. Heymann J, Levy JK, Bose B, Ríos-Salas V, Mekonen Y, Swaminathan H, Omidakhsh N, Gadoth A, Huh K, Greene ME, Darmstadt GL; Gender Equality, Norms and Health Steering Committee. Improviing health with programmatic, legal and policy approaches to reduce gender inequality and change restrictive gender norms. Lancet. 2019 May 30. pii: S01406736(19)30656-7. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(19)30656-7. [Epub ahead of print] Review. PMID: 31155271. [As a Member of the Gender Equality, Norms, and Health Steering Committee.]

217. Dixit A, Averbach S, Yore J, Kully G, Ghule M, Battala M, Begum S, Johns NE, Vaida F, Bharadwaj P, Wyss N, Saggurti N, Silverman J, Raj A. A gender synchronized family planning intervention for married couples in rural India: study protocol for the CHARM2 cluster randomized controlled trial intervention. Reproductive Health. 2019 June 25;16(1):88.

Doi: 1010.1186/s12978-019-0744-3. PMID:31238954.

218. Kayser GL, Rao N, Jose R, Raj A. Water, sanitation and hygiene: measuring gender equality and empowerment. Bull World Health Organ. 2019 Jun 1;97(6):438-440. doi: 10.2471/BLT.18.223305. Epub 2019 May 14. No abstract available.

PMID: 31210683.

219. Bhan N, Gautsch L, McDougal L, Lapsansky C, Obregon R, Raj A. Effects of Parent-Child Relationships on Child Marriage of Girls in Ethiopia, India, Peru, and Vietnam: Evidence From a Prospective Cohort. J Adolesc Health. 2019 Jul 3. pii: S1054-139X(19)30256-3. doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2019.05.002. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 31279722 220. Raj A, Kumra T, Darmstadt GL, Freund KM. Achieving Gender and Social Equality: More Than Gender Parity is Needed.

Acad Med. 2019 Jul 16. doi: 10.1097/ACM.0000000000002877. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 31335818

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221. Reed E, Salazar M, Behar AI, Agah N, Silverman JG, Minnis AM, Rusch MLA, Raj A. Cyber Sexual Harassment: Prevalence and association with substance use, poor mental health, and STI history among sexually active adolescent girls.

J Adolesc. 2019 Aug;75:53-62. doi: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2019.07.005. Epub 2019 Jul 22.

222. Ritter J, Dasgupta A, Raj A, Decker MR, Nair S, Trivedi A, Naik D, Donta B, Saggurti N, Silverman JG. Measuring Gender-Based Household Maltreatment in Urban Slums of Mumbai, India. J Interpers Violence. 2019 Jul 31:886260519864370. doi: 10.1177/0886260519864370. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 31364469 223. Raj A, Johns NE, Vaida F, Urada L, Massie J, Yore JB, Bowleg L. Evaluation of the Making Employment Needs (MEN) Count Intervention to Reduce HIV/STI Risk for Black Heterosexual Men in Washington DC. Am J Mens Health. 2019 JulAug;13(4):1557988319869493. doi: 10.1177/1557988319869493. PMID: 31434541 224. Dehingia N, Singh A, Raj A, McDougal L. More than credit: Exploring associations between microcredit programs and maternal and reproductive health service utilization in India. SSM Popul Health. 2019 Aug 6;9:100467. doi: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2019.100467. eCollection 2019 Dec. PMID: 31463356 225. Silverman JG, Boyce SC, Dehingia N, Rao N, Chandurkar D, Nanda P, Hay K, Atmavilas Y, Saggurti N, Raj A. Reproductive coercion in Uttar Pradesh, India: Prevalence and associations with partner violence and reproductive health.

SSM Popul Health. 2019 Nov 20;9:100484. doi: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2019.100484. eCollection 2019 Dec. PMID: 31998826 226. Raj A. Gender equality, empowerment and health: from measurement to impact. SSM-Population Health. 2019 Dec 9; 100493. doi: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2019.100493. PMID: 31993486 227. Reed E, Salazar M, Agah N, Behar AI, Silverman JG, Walsh-Buhi E, Rusch ML, Raj A. Experiencing sexual harassment by males and associated substance use & poor mental health outcomes among adolescent girls in the US. SSM-Population Health. 2019 Dec 1;9:100476. doi: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2019.100476. eCollection 2019 Dec. PMID: 31998825 228. Dehingia N, Dixit A, Averbach S, Choudhry V, Dey A, Chandurkar D, Nanda P, Silverman JG, Raj A. Family planning counseling and its associations with modern contraceptive use, initiation, and continuation in rural Uttar Pradesh, India.

Reprod Health. 2019 Dec 1;16(1):178. doi: 10.1186/s12978-019-0844-0. PMID: 31831034 229. Challa S, DeLong SM, Carter N, Johns N, Shakya H, Boyce SC, Vera-Monroy R, Aliou S, Ibrahima FA, Brooks MI, Corneliess C. Moodie C, Nouhou AM, Souley I, Raj A, Silverman JG. Protocol for cluster randomized evaluation of reaching married adolescents-a gender-synchronized intervention to increase modern contraceptive use among married adolescent girls and young women and their husbands in Niger. Reprod Health. 2019 Dec 18;16(1):180. doi: 10.1186/s12978-019-0841-3. PMID: 31852538 230. Raj A. Public health impact of marital violence against women in India. Indian J Med Res. 2019 Dec;150(6):525-531. doi: 10.4103/ijmr.IJMR_1427_19. PMID: 32048616 231. Raj A. Women and girls’ health agency: Operationalizing the “Can-Act-Resist” of the women's empowerment process.

EClinicalMedicine. 2020 Mar 4;20:100287. doi: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2020.100287. eCollection 2020 Mar. PMID: 32300741 232. Bhan N, Bhadra K, Rao N, Yore J, Raj A. Sport as a vehicle of change for livelihoods, social participation and marital health for the youth: Findings from a prospective cohort in Bihar, India. EClinicalMedicine. 2020 Mar 4;20:100302. doi: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2020.100302. eCollection 2020 Mar. PMID: 32300747 233. Raj A, Freund KM, McDonald JM, Carr PL. Effects of sexual harassment on advancement of women in academic medicine: a multi-institutional longitudinal study. EClinicalMedicine. 2020 Mar 4;20:100298. doi: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2020.100298. eCollection 2020 Mar. PMID: 32300744 234. Bhan N, McDougal L, Singh A, Atmavilas Y, Raj A. Access to women physicians and uptake of reproductive, maternal and child health services in India. EClinicalMedicine. 2020 Mar 5;20:100309. doi: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2020.100309. eCollection 2020 Mar. PMID: 32300752 235. Bhan N, Rao N, Raj A. Gender Differences in the Associations between Informal Caregiving and Wellbeing in Low-and Middle-Income Countries. J Womens Health (Larchmt). 2020 Mar 10. doi: 10.1089/jwh.2019.7769. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 32159418 236. Raj A, Johns NE, Jose R. Gender parity at work and its association with workplace sexual harassment. Workplace Health Saf. 2020 Mar 17:2165079919900793. doi: 10.1177/2165079919900793. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 32183607 237. Chen GL, Silverman JG, Dixit A, Begum S, Ghule M, Battala M, Johns NE, Raj A, Averbach S. A cross-sectional analysis of intimate partner violence and family planning use in rural India. EClinicalMedicine. 2020 Apr 18;21:100318. doi: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2020.100318. eCollection 2020 Apr. PMID: 32322807 238. Manne-Goehler J, Freund KM, Raj A, Kaplan SE, Terrin N, Breeze JL, Carr PL. Evaluating the Role of Self-Esteem on Differential Career Outcomes by Gender in Academic Medicine. Acad Med. 2019 Dec 24. doi: 10.1097/ACM.0000000000003138. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 31876564 239. Silverman JG, Challa S, Boyce SC, Averbach S, Raj A. Associations of reproductive coercion and intimate partner violence with overt and covert family planning use among married adolescent girls in Niger. EClinicalMedicine. 2020 May 3;22:100359. doi: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2020.100359. eCollection 2020 May. PMID: 32382722 240. Gnatienko N, Lioznov D, Raj A, Blokhina E, Rosen S, Cheng DM, Lunze K, Bendiks S, Truong V, Bushara N, Toussova O. Design of a randomized controlled trial to Link Infectious and Narcology Care (LINC-II) in St. Petersburg, Russia.

Addict Sci Clin Pract. 2020 Jan 13;15(1):1. doi: 10.1186/s13722-020-0179-8. PMID: 31931884 15

241. Dehingia N, Dixit A, Atmavilas Y, Chandurkar D, Singh K, Silverman J, Raj A. Unintended pregnancy and maternal health complications: cross-sectional analysis of data from rural Uttar Pradesh, India. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2020 Mar 30;20(1):188. doi: 10.1186/s12884-020-2848-8. PMID: 32228511 242. da Silva IC, Everling F, Hellwig F, Ronsmans C, Benova L, Requejo J, Raj A, Barros AJ, Victora CG. Does women’s age matter in the SDGs era: coverage of demand for family planning satisfied with modern methods and institutional delivery in 91 low-and middle-income countries. Reprod Health. 2020 Apr 19;17(1):55. doi: 10.1186/s12978-020-0903-6. PMID: 32306969 243. Shakya HB, Weeks J, Challa S, Fleming PJ, Cislaghi B, McDougal L, Boyce SC, Raj A, Silverman JG. Spatial analysis of individual-and village-level sociodemographic characteristics associated with age at marriage among married adolescents in rural Niger. BMC public health. 2020 Dec;20:1-5.

244. McDougal L, Shakya H, Dehingia N, Lapsansky C, Conrad D, Bhan N, Singh A, McDougal TL, Raj A. Mapping the patchwork: Exploring the subnational heterogeneity of child marriage in India. SSM-Population Health. 2020 Dec 1;12:100688. DOI: 10.1177/1747493018778713 PMID: 29786478 245. Kannaujiya AK, Kumar K, Upadhyay AK, McDougal L, Raj A, Singh A. Short interpregnancy interval and low birth weight births in India: Evidence from National Family Health Survey 2015-16. SSM-Population Health. 2020 Dec 1;12:100700. DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2020.100700 PMID: 33304985 246. Raj A, Dehingia N, Singh A, McDougal L, MacAuley J. Application of machine learning to understand child marriage in India. SSM-population health. 2020 Dec 5:100687. DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2020.100687. PMID: 33335970 247. Ewerling F, McDougal L, Raj A, Ferreira LZ, Blumenberg C, Parmar D, Barros AJ. Modern Contraceptive Use Among Women in Need of Family Planning in India: an Analysis of the Inequalities Related to the Mix of Methods Used.

248. Kayser GL, Chokhandre P, Rao N, Singh A, McDougal L, Raj A. Household sanitation access and risk for non-marital sexual violence among a nationally representative sample of women in India, 2015-16. SSM-Population Health. 2021 Jan 23:100738.

249. Vetrova MV, Cheng DM, Bendiks S, Gnatienko N, Lloyd-Travaglini C, Jiang W, Luoma J, Blokhina E, Krupitsky E, Lioznov D, Ekstrand ML, Raj A, Samet JH, Lunze K. HIV and Substance Use Stigma, Intersectional Stigma and Healthcare Among HIV-Positive PWID in Russia. AIDS Behav. 2021 Jan 28. doi: 10.1007/s10461-021-03172-5. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 33506305.

250. Dehingia N, Raj A. Sex differences in COVID-19 case fatality: do we know enough? Lancet Glob Health. 2021 Jan;9(1):e14-e15. doi: 10.1016/S2214-109X(20)30464-2. Epub 2020 Nov 5. PMID: 33160453; PMCID: PMC7834645.

251. Ewerling F, Wehrmeister FC, Victora CG, Raj A, McDougal L, Barros AJ. Is women's empowerment associated with coverage of RMNCH interventions in low- and middle-income countries? An analysis using a survey-based empowerment indicator, the SWPER. J Glob Health. 2021 Mar 1;11:04015. doi: 10.7189/jogh.11.04015. PMID: 33791094; PMCID: PMC7979155.

252. Singh A, Kumar K, Yadav AK, James KS, McDougal L, Atmavilas Y, Raj A. Factors Influencing the Sex Ratio at Birth in India: A New Analysis based on Births Occurring between 2005 and 2016. Stud Fam Plann. 2021 Mar;52(1):41-58. doi: 10.1111/sifp.12147. Epub 2021 Feb 22. PMID: 33616232; PMCID: PMC8049007.

253. McDougal L, Singh A, Kumar K, Dehingia N, Barros AJD, Ewerling F, Atmavilas Y, Raj A. Planning for work: Exploring the relationship between contraceptive use and women's sector-specific employment in India. PLoS One. 2021 Mar 11;16(3):e0248391. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0248391. PMID: 33705471; PMCID: PMC7951869.

254. Dey AK, Averbach S, Dixit A, Chakraverty A, Dehingia N, Chandurkar D, Singh K, Choudhry V, Silverman JG, Raj A. Measuring quality of family planning counselling and its effects on uptake of contraceptives in public health facilities in Uttar Pradesh, India: A cross-sectional analysis. PLoS One. 2021 May 4;16(5):e0239565. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0239565. PMID: 33945555; PMCID: PMC8096066.

255. Dey AK, Acharya R, Tomar S, Silverman JG, Raj A. How does the sex composition of children affect men's higher ideal family size preference relative to women and contraceptive use patterns among couples? A cross-sectional analysis of dyadic couple's data in India. SSM-Population Health. 2021 Jun 6:100835.

256. Dixit A, Bhan N, Benmarhnia T, Reed E, Kiene SM, Silverman J, Raj A. The association between early in marriage fertility pressure from in-laws' and family planning behaviors, among married adolescent girls in Bihar and Uttar Pradesh, India.

Reprod Health. 2021 Mar 9;18(1):60. doi: 10.1186/s12978-021-01116-9. PMID: 33750403; PMCID: PMC7941884.

257. Raj A, Johns NE, Bhan N, Silverman JG, Lundgren R. Effects of gender role beliefs on social connectivity and marital safety: findings from a cross-sectional study among married adolescent girls in India. Journal of Adolescent Health. 2021 Dec 1;69(6):S65-73. Doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2021.07.030 258. Tomar S, Johns N, Challa S, Brooks MI, Aliou S, Abdoul-Moumouni N Raj A, Silverman J. Associations of age at marriage with marital decision-making agency among adolescent Wives in rural Niger. Journal of Adolescent Health. 2021 Dec 1;69(6):S74-80.

259. McDougal L, Dehingia N, Bhan N, Singh A, McAuley J, Raj A, Opening closed doors: using machine learning to explore factors associated with marital sexual violence in a cross-sectional study from IndiaBMJ Open 2021;11:e053603. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-053603 16

260. Raj A, Singh A, Silverman JG, Bhan N, Barker KM, McDougal L. Freedom of Movement and Adolescent Sexual Violence in India. J Interpers Violence. 2022 Jan; 37(1-2):NP925-NP943. doi: 10.1177/0886260520918583. Epub 2020 May 13.

PMID: 32401132.

261. Silverman JG, Boyce SC, Fonseka RW, Triplett D, Chiang LF, Caslin SS, Raj A. The relationship between commercial sexual exploitation of children (CSEC) and childhood sexual abuse (CSA) among boys and girls in Haiti. Int J Inj Contr Saf Promot. 2021 Dec 19:1-7. doi: 10.1080/17457300.2021.2004430. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 34923923.

262. Singh A, Chokhandre P, Singh AK, Barker K, Kaushalendra K, McDougal L, James KS, Raj A. Development of the India Patriarchy Index: Validation and Testing of Temporal and Spatial Patterning. Soc Indic Res 159, 351–377 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-021-02752-1 263. Inwards-Breland DJ, Johns NE, Raj, A Sexual Violence Associated With Sexual Identity and Gender Among California Adults Reporting Their Experiences as Adolescents and Young Adults. JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(1):e2144266. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.44266 264. Chacon M, Raj, A The Association Between Bullying Victimization and Fighting in School Among US High School Students. Journal of Interpersonal Violence. 2022. doi:10.1177/08862605211055075 265. Upadhyay AK, Kumar K, James KS, Mcdougal L, Raj A, and Singh A. Association between Intimate Partner Violence and Contraceptive Use Discontinuation in India. Studies in Family Planning. 2022. https://doi.org/10.1111/sifp.12184 266. Chatterji S, Johns N, Ghule M., Raj A. Examining the Longitudinal Relationship between Intimate Partner Violence and Couples’ Marital Quality in Rural India. J Fam Viol. 2022. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10896-022-00363-z 267. Dehingia N, Dey AK, McDougal L, McAuley J, Singh A, Raj, A. Help seeking behavior by women experiencing intimate partner violence in India: A machine learning approach to identifying risk factors. PLOS ONE 17(2): e0262538. 2022. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0262538 268. Fonseka R, McDougal L, Raj A, Reed E, Lundgren R, Urada L, Silverman J. Does Proximity to Conflict Zones Moderate Associations Between Girl Child Marriage, Intimate Partner Violence, and Contraception in Post conflict Sri Lanka?.

Advances in Global Health 3 February 2022;1(1): 1539582. doi: https://doi.org/10.1525/agh.2022.1539582 269. Dehingia N, Barker K, Raj A. Relationship between adolescent friendship networks and contraceptive use and unintended pregnancies in early adulthood in the United States, Contraception. 2022, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.contraception.2022.02.003 270. Fonseka RW, McDougal L, Raj A, Reed E, Lundgren R, Urada L, Silverman J. A mediation analysis of the role of girl child marriage in the relationship between proximity to conflict and past-year intimate partner violence in post-conflict Sri Lanka.

Confl Health 2022;16:5. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13031-022-00436-2 271. Reed E, Salazar M, Behar AI, Servin AE, Ayala GX, Silverman JG, Rusch MLA, Zuniga ML, Raj A. Economic Vulnerability among Girls at Risk for Adolescent Pregnancy: Qualitative Findings among a Clinic Sample of Girls Residing in the U.S.–Mexico Border Region. Adolescents 2022, 2, 101-112. https://doi.org/10.3390/adolescents2010010 272. Raj A, Ghule M, Johns N, Battala M, Begum S, Dixit A, Vaida F, Saggurti N, Silverman J, Averbach S. Evaluation of a gender synchronized family planning intervention for married couples in rural India: The CHARM2 cluster randomized control trial. March 2022 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2022.101334 273. Smith DM, Johns NE, Raj A, Raj A, Do Sexual Minorities Face Greater Risk for Sexual Harassment, Ever and at School, in Adolescence?: Findings From a 2019 Cross-Sectional Study of U.S. Adults. Journal of Interpersonal Violence.

2022;37(3-4):NP1963-NP1987. doi:10.1177/0886260520926315 274. Barker KM, Raj A. Understanding the Roles of Sport and Alcohol Use in Adolescence on Physical and Sexual Intimate Partner Violence Perpetration in Young Adulthood: Findings From a Sex-Stratified Multilevel Analysis. Journal of Interpersonal Violence. March 2022. doi:10.1177/08862605211067062 275. Milroy JJ, Hanna K, VandeLinde T, Lee DS, Kaufman KL, Raj A, Barker KM, Sitney M, Lipman A, Maryn A, Kyler-Yano J. Prevention of Sexual Violence in sport: A Socioecological Review. Journal of Interpersonal Violence. March 2022. doi:10.1177/08862605211067003 276. Kaufman KL, Lee DS, Milroy JJ, Yore J, Sitney M, Lipman A, Glace A, Kyler-Yano J, Raj A. The Role of Theory in the Prevention of Sexual Violence in Sport. J Interpers Violence. 2022 May 5:8862605221095787. doi: 10.1177/08862605221095787. Online ahead of print.PMID: 35510946 277. Dehingia N, Dixit A, Heskett K, Raj A. Collective efficacy measures for women and girls in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review. BMC Women’s Health. 2022 Apr 25;22(1):129. doi: 10.1186/s12905-022-01688z.PMID: 35468776 278. Fonseka RW, McDougal L, Raj A, Reed E, Lundgren R, Urada L, Silverman JG. Measuring the impacts of maternal child marriage and maternal intimate partner violence and the moderating effects of proximity to conflict on stunting among children under 5 in post-conflict Sri Lanka. SSM Popul Health. 2022 Mar 22;18:101074. doi: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2022.101074. eCollection 2022 Jun. PMID: 35378865 279. Shakya HB, Cislaghi B, Fleming P, Levtov RG, Boyce SC, Raj A, Silverman JG. Associations of attitudes and social norms with experiences of intimate partner violence among married adolescents and their husbands in rural Niger: a dyadic crosssectional study. BMC Womens Health. 2022 May 18;22(1):180. doi: 10.1186/s12905-022-01724-y.PMID: 35585589 17

280. Dey AK, Ennis N, Cheng DM, Blokhina E, Raj A, Quinn E, Bendiks S, Palfai T, Dunne EM, Cook RL, Krupitsky E, Samet JH. Impulsivity and linkage to HIV care among people living with HIV in St. Petersburg, Russia. AIDS Behav. 2022 June 16. Doi: 10.1007/s10461-02200378-1. Online ahead of print. PMID: 35708831 281. Jain T, Dhar D, Kapoor V, Kapur V. Raj A. Measuring gender attitudes: Developing and testing Implicit Association Tests for adolescents in India. PLoS One. 2022 June 16;17(6):e0264077. doi:10.1371/Journal.pone.02604077. PMID: 35709150; PMCID: PMC9202834.

282. Kannaujiya AK, Kumar K, Upadhyay AK, McDougal L, Raj A, James KS, Singh A. Effect of preterm birth on early neonatal, late neonatal, and postneonatal mortality in India. PLOS Global Public Health 2022;2(6):e0000205. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0000205.

283. Taiwo M, Oyekenu O, Ekeh F, Dey AK, Raj A. Gender differences in work attendance among health care workers in Northern Nigeria during the COVID-19 pandemic. EClinicalMedicine. 2022 Oct;52:101605.

Doi:10.1016/j.eclinm,2022.101605. Epub 2022 Aug 3. PMID: 35936022; PMCID: PMC9347235.

284. McDougal L, Dehingia N, Cheung WW, Dixit A, Raj A. COVID-19 burden, author affiliation, and women’s well-being: A bibliometric analysis of COVID-19 related publications included those in low- and middle-income countries.

EClinicalMedicine. 2022 Oct;52:101606. Doi: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2022.101606. Epub 2022 Aug 3. PMID: 35936025; PMCID: PMC9347236.

285. Srivastava S, Kumar K, McDougal L, Kannaujiya AK, Sikarwar A, Raj A, Singh A. Spatial heterogeneity in intimate partner violence across the 640 districts of India: a secondary analysis of a cross-sectional, population-based survey by use of model-based small-area estimation. The Lancet Global Health. 2023 Oct 1;11(10):e1587-97.

286. Samet JH, Blokhina E, Cheng DM, Rosen S, Lioznov D, Lunze K, Truong V, Gnatienko N, Quinn E, Bushara N, Raj A, Krupitsky E. Rapid access to antiretroviral therapy, receipt of naltrexone, and strengths-based case management versus standard of care for HIV viral load suppression in people with HIV who inject drugs in Russia (LINC-II): an open-label, randomised controlled trial. The Lancet HIV. 2023 Sep 1;10(9):e578-87.

287. Silverman JG, Brooks MI, Aliou S, Johns NE, Challa S, Nouhou AM, Tomar S, Baker H, Boyce SC, McDougal L, DeLong S, Raj A. Effects of the reaching married adolescents program on modern contraceptive use and intimate partner violence: results of a cluster randomized controlled trial among married adolescent girls and their husbands in Dosso, Niger.

Reproductive health. 2023 Jun 5;20(1):83.

288. Dehingia N, McAuley J, McDougal L, Reed E, Silverman JG, Urada L, Raj A. Violence against women on Twitter in India: Testing a taxonomy for online misogyny and measuring its prevalence during COVID-19. PLoS one. 2023 Oct 25;18(10):e0292121.

289. Bhan N, Johns NE, Chatterji S, Thomas EE, Rao N, Ghule M, Lundgren R, Raj A. Validation of the fertility norms scale and association with fertility intention and contraceptive use in India. Studies in Family Planning. 2023 Mar;54(1):39-61.

290. Paul P, Closson K, Raj A. Is parental engagement associated with subsequent delayed marriage and marital choices of adolescent girls? Evidence from the Understanding the Lives of Adolescents and Young Adults (UDAYA) survey in Uttar Pradesh and Bihar, India. SSM-Population Health. 2023 Dec 1;24:101523.

291. Caduff A, Dehingia N, Raj A. The Role of Immigrant Generation and Mentors in Educational Attainment. AERA Open.

2023 Aug;9:23328584231190380.

292. Raj A, Chatterji S, Johns NE, Yore J, Dey AK, Williams DR. The associations of everyday and major discrimination exposure with violence and poor mental health outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic. Social Science & Medicine.

2023 Feb 1;318:115620.

293. Goemans S, Singh A, Yadav AK, McDougal L, Raj A, Averbach SH. The Association Between Self-Managed versus Clinician-Managed Abortion and Self-Reported Abortion Complications: A Cross-Sectional Analysis in India. International Journal of Women's Health. 2023 Dec 31:1467-73.

294. Barker KM, Brown S, Pitpitan EV, Shakya HB, Raj A. Adolescent alcohol use: use of social network analysis and crossclassified multilevel modeling to examine peer group, school, and neighborhood-level influences. The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse. 2023 Jul 10:1-1.

295. Raj A, Gnatienko N, Cheng DM, Blokhina E, Dey AK, Wagman JA, Toussova O, Truong V, Rateau L, Lunze K, Krupitsky E. Provider-patient experiences and HIV care utilization among people living with HIV who inject drugs in St. Petersburg, Russia. International Journal for Quality in Health Care. 2023 Aug 29:mzad068.

296. Averbach S, Thomas EE, Kully G, Nazarbegian M, Ghule M, Rabin BA, Raj A, Bhan N. Understanding feasibility and acceptability of implementation of linking delivery of family planning and infant vaccination care in rural Maharashtra, India: a qualitative study. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth. 2023 Jul 15;23(1):519.

297. Fabic MS, McDougal L, Raj A, Jadhav A. Is the Decision Not to Use Contraception an Indicator of Reproductive Agency?.

Studies in Family Planning. 2023 Mar;54(1):95-117.

298. Closson K, Nemutambwe T, Osborne Z, Lee GY, Hangle C, Stephenson S, Magagula P, Leonce I, Raj A, Nicholson V, Kaida A. Relationship and Gender Equity Measurement Among Gender-Inclusive Young Women and Non-Binary Youth in British Columbia (RE-IMAGYN BC): Planning a Youth-Led, Community-Based, Qualitative Research Study. International Journal of Qualitative Methods. 2023 Jan 6;22:16094069221148415.

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299. McCord GC, Bharadwaj P, McDougal L, Kaushik A, Raj A. Long-term health and human capital effects of in utero exposure to an industrial disaster: a spatial difference-in-differences analysis of the Bhopal gas tragedy. BMJ open. 2023 Jun 1;13(6):e066733.

300. Dehingia N, Klugman J, Ortiz E, Raj A. Race/Ethnicity and Sex Differences in Attitudes Toward Policies for Gender Equality in the United States. Feminist Economics. 2023 Apr 3;29(2):1-31.

301. Miller AP, Pitpitan EV, Kiene SM, Raj A, Jain S, Zúñiga ML, Nabulaku D, Nalugoda F, Ssekubugu R, Nantume B, Kigozi G. In the era of universal test and treat in Uganda, recent intimate partner violence is not associated with subsequent ART use or viral suppression: Intimate Partner Violence and HIV Care Outcomes. AIDS care. 2023 May 9:1-8.

302. Begum S, Battala M, Chalmiers MA, Prusty RK, Dixit A, Johns NE, Ghule M, Saggurti N, Silverman J, Averbach S, Raj A. Spousal Concordance in Attitudes Toward Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) and Its Association With Physical IPV Against Women: A Cross-Sectional Study Among Young Married Couples in Rural India. Partner Abuse. 2023 Jun 28.

303. Reed E, Salazar M, Behar AI, Agah N, Wong AL, Silverman JG, Rusch ML, Raj A. Witnessing Sexual Harassment and Associated Substance Use and Poor Mental Health Outcomes among Adolescent Girls in the US. Adolescents. 2023 Aug 2;3(3):478-89.

304. Kannaujiya AK, Kumar K, McDougal L, Upadhyay AK, Raj A, James KS, Singh A. Interpregnancy Interval and Child Health Outcomes in India: Evidence from Three Recent Rounds of National Family Health Survey. Maternal and Child Health Journal. 2023 Jan;27(1):126-41.

305. Chatterji S, Johns N, Ghule M, Begum S, Averbach S, Battala M, Raj A. Examining the longitudinal relationship between intimate partner violence and couples’ marital quality in rural India. Journal of Family Violence. 2023 Jan;38(1):139-48.

306. Dixit A, Johns NE, Ghule M, Battala M, Begum S, Saggurti N, Silverman J, Reed E, Kiene SM, Benmarhnia T, Averbach S, Raj A. Association of traditional marital practices with contraceptive decision-making, couple communication, and method use among couples in rural Maharashtra, India. Culture, Health & Sexuality. 2023 Apr 3;25(4):521-36.

307. Cheung WW, Caduff A, Raj A. The association between dating violence and student absenteeism among a representative sample of US high school students: findings from the 2019 Youth Risk Behavior Survey Survey. Journal of interpersonal violence. 2023 Jan;38(1-2):2218-33.

308. Dehingia N, McDougal L, Silverman JG, Reed E, Urada L, McAuley J, Singh A, Raj A. Climate and gender: association between droughts and intimate partner violence in India. American journal of epidemiology. 2023 Nov 15:kwad222.

309. Salazar M, Raj A, Silverman JG, Rusch ML, Reed E. Cyber sexual harassment among adolescent girls: a qualitative analysis. Adolescents. 2023 Jan 20;3(1):84-91.

Commentaries and Invited Papers in Professional Journals 1. Raj A. Review of: Bui, H.N. (2005). In the Adopted Land: Abused immigrant women and the criminal justice system.

Praeger Publishers, Westport, CT. Book Review in Violence Against Women, 11(6), 830-833. (Invited Book Review) 2. Raj A .When the Mother is a Child. Archives of Diseases in Childhood. 2010;95:931-935.(Invited paper) 3. Raj A. (2011). Gender equity and universal health coverage in India. (Correspondence) The Lancet. 377(9766):618-9.

PMID: 21227498.

4. Raj A. (2011). Sex-selected abortion in India. (Correspondence) The Lancet. 378(9798):1217-8. PMID: 21962555.

5. Raj A. Gender equity and universal health coverage in India. Lancet. 2011;377(9766):618-9. (Invited Commentary) 6. Amaro H, Raj A, Reed E, Ulibarri M. Getting personal: Progress and pitfalls in HIV prevention among Latinas.

Psychology Women Quarterly. 2011 Dec 1;35(4):655-670. (Invited Paper) 7. Raj A, McDougal L, Rusch MA. Changes in prevalence of girl child marriage in South Asia. JAMA. 2012 May; 307(19).

PMID: 22665097 http://jama.jamanetwork.com/article.aspx?articleID=1157484 (Letter to the Editor) 8. Bowleg L, Raj A. Shared communities, shared structural contexts, shared HIV risk: the case for prioritizing the HIV risk and prevention needs of black heterosexual men. American Journal of Public Health: 012 May; 102 Suppl 2:S173-7.

PMID: 22401513 9. Gilbert L, Raj A, Hien D, Stockman J, Terlikbayeva A, Wyatt G. Targeting the SAVA (Substance Abuse, Violence, and AIDS) syndemic among women and girls: A global review of epidemiology and integrated interventions. Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes. 2015;69 Suppl 2:S118-27. PubMed PMID: 25978478; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4751344.

10. Raj A, McDougal L. Leaving no one behind: can the Family Planning Estimation Tool help? The Lancet Global Health.

2017;5(3):e242-e3. Epub 2017/02/15. PubMed PMID: 28193384.

11. Raj A. Gender Empowerment Index: a choice of progress or perfection. The Lancet Global Health. 2017;5(9):e849-e50.

PubMed PMID: 28755893.

12. Reed E, Salazar M, Raj A. Nonconsensual sexting and the role of sex differences. JAMA Pediatr. 2018 Sep 1;172(9):890. doi: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2018. PMID: 30073276 13. Darmstadt GL, Rao Gupta G, Henry S, Cislaghi B, Greene ME, Hawkes S, Hay K, Heymann J, Klugman J, Levy JK, Raj A, Weber AM, Heise L. (June 2019) The Lancet Series on Gender Equality, Norms and Health: Why this Series and Why Now? Lancet. S0140-6736(19).

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14. Bhan N, Raj A. From choice to agency in family planning services. Lancet. 2021 May 7:S0140-6736(21)00990-9. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(21)00990-9. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 33971154.

15. Boynton-Jarrett R, Raj A, Inwards-Breland DJ. Structural integrity: Recognizing, measuring, and addressing systemic racism and its health impacts. EClinicalMedicine. 2021 Jun 1;36.

16. Dehingia N, Raj A. Sex differences in COVID-19 case fatality: do we know enough? Lancet Glob Health. 2021 Jan;9(1):e14-e15. doi: 10.1016/S2214-109X(20)30464-2. Epub 2020 Nov 5. PMID: 33160453; PMCID: PMC7834645.

17. Efevbera Y, Petroni S, Hastings MB, Cappa C, Austrian K, Psaki S, Ngô T, Misunas C, Makino M, Zahra F, Finnie A. Fraidy Reiss, Raj A, Johns N, Leo B, Block M. The child marriage learning partners consortium: connecting data and evidence for action. Journal of Adolescent Health. 2021 Dec 1;69(6):S45.DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2021.07.029 18. Kaufman KL, Lee DS, Milroy JJ, Raj A. Introduction - The Prevention of Sexual Violence in Sport: A Real Game Changer. J Interpers Violence. 2022 Apr 23:8862605221095790. doi: 10.1177/08862605221095790. Online ahead of print.

PMID: 35465747.

19. Dey AK, Hay K, Raj A. Strengthening health systems in crisis due to COVID-19 requires ending violence against female healthcare workers. EClinicalMedicine (Lancet). 2022 Jun 25;50:101518. doi: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2022.101518. eCollection 2022 Aug.PMID: 35770257 20. Raj A, Wagman J. Expanding knowledge of intergenerational violence in the Philippines. A commentary on Kim et al.(2023). SSM-Population Health. 2023 Sep;23.

21. Raj A. Is intimate partner violence declining in low-income and middle-income countries? The Lancet Global Health. 2023 Dec 1;11(12):e1828-9.

Research Blogs and Online Reports (Past 5 Years) 1. Singh A, Kumar K, McDougal L, Silverman JG, Atmavilas Y, Gupta R, Raj A. Bank accounts and reproductive and maternal health services what does the evidence suggest? Research Brief No 2. Mumbai San Diego GENDER Project, International Institute for Population Sciences and Center for Gender Equity and Health University of California. 2019.

2. Gautsch L, Singh AK, Caduff A, Singh A, McDougal L, Raj A. Understanding Sex Differences in School Non-Attendance in India: The Need for Greater Focus on Rural Girls. Research Brief No. 3. Mumbai & San Diego: GENDER Project, International Institute for Population Sciences and Center for Gender Equity and Health University of California San Diego. 2019.

3. Caduff A, Singh AK, Gautsch L, Singh A, Rao N, McDougal L, Raj A. Understanding the Non-Attendance Trends in Six Indian States: Highlighting Gender and Rural/Urban Disparities. Research Brief No. 5. Mumbai & San Diego: GENDER Project, International Institute for Population Sciences and Center for Gender Equity and Health University of California San Diego. 2019.

4. Raj A, Rao N. Bringing women to the forefront of climate change adaptation efforts: A new SDG target. Center on Gender Equity and Health (GEH), University of California, San Diego School of Medicine. San Diego, CA. November 2019. https://geh.ucsd.edu/bringing-women-to-the-forefront-of-climate-change-adaptation-efforts/ 5. Yore J, Raj A. Changing the Culture to Prevent Sexual Harassment in Middle and High School. January 2020. Center on Gender Equity and Health (GEH), University of California, San Diego School of Medicine. San Diego, CA. https://geh.ucsd.edu/changing-the-culture-to-prevent-sexual-harassment-in-us-middle-and-high-school/ 6. Lundgren R, Pierce M, Raj A, Rao N. Data on gender norms: can we find and use what is missing? ALIGN Blog. March 2020. https://www.alignplatform.org/resources/data-gender-norms-can-we-find-and-use-what-missing 7. Center on Gender Health and Equity (GEH, includes Raj A). EMERGE COVID-19 and Gender Data: Protocol Recommendations for Conducting Phone-Based Surveys. May 2020. EMERGE [Evidence-based Measures of Empowerment for Research on Gender Equality.] Center on Gender Equity and Health (GEH). https://emerge.ucsd.edu/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/phone-interview-protocol-recommendations_emerge-covid19.pdf 8. Bhan N, Raj A. Social distancing, lockdown, and the lived experience of COVID-19 in India: How a gender lens may disentangle questions raised by this crisis. Center on Gender Equity and Health (GEH), University of California, San Diego School of Medicine. San Diego, CA. May 2020. https://geh.ucsd.edu/covid19india/ 9. Raj A, Silverman JG, Lundgren R, Bhan N, Pierce M. Monitoring Covid-19’s effects on family planning: what should we measure? May 2020. Co-Published on Knowledge Success- https://knowledgesuccess.org/2020/05/04/monitoring-covid19s-effects-on-family-planning-what-should-we-measure/, and EMERGE- https://emerge.ucsd.edu/monitoring-covid-19seffects-on-family-planning-what-should-we-measure/ 10. Raj A, Silverman J, Lundgren R, Bhan N, Pierce M. Monitoring COVID-19's Effects on Family Planning: What Should We Measure? Knowledge Success Blog. May 2020. https://knowledgesuccess.org/2020/05/04/monitoring-covid-19seffects-on-family-planning-what-should-we-measure/ 11. Center on Gender Health and Equity (GEH, includes Raj A). A Roadmap for Measuring Agency and Social Norms in Women’s Economic Empowerment. June 2020. EMERGE [Evidence-based Measures of Empowerment for Research on Gender Equality. Center on Gender Equity and Health (GEH). https://emerge.ucsd.edu/wpcontent/uploads/2020/06/agency-and-social-norms-roadmap.pdf 20

12. Raj A. COVID-19 is backsliding India’s progress on reduction of marital violence- So what are we going to do about it?

Center on Gender Equity and Health (GEH), University of California, San Diego School of Medicine. San Diego, CA. June 2020. https://geh.ucsd.edu/covid19-backslide-india-reduction-marital-violence/ 13. Thomas EE, Raj A. Recognizing the (in)visible: what is the impact of COVID-19 on LGBTQ communities in India?

Center on Gender Equity and Health (GEH), University of California, San Diego School of Medicine. San Diego, CA. June 2020. https://geh.ucsd.edu/impact-of-covid-19-on-lgbtq-communities-in-india/ 14. Lee D, Raj A. The Power of Sport: How Can Sport Help Prevent Sexual Violence? ValorUS Blog. July 2020. https://www.valor.us/2020/07/07/the-power-of-sport-how-can-sport-help-prevent-sexual-violence-rpe-blog/ 15. Lee D, Raj A. The Power of Sport: How Can Sport Help Prevent Sexual Violence? ValorUS Blog. July 2020. https://www.valor.us/2020/07/07/the-power-of-sport-how-can-sport-help-prevent-sexual-violence-rpe-blog/ 16. Raj A, Dehingia N, Dixit A, McDougal L. What do we know about women and COVID-19 in low- and middle-income countries from the peer-reviewed literature? Gender & COVID-19 Blog. September 2020. https://www.genderandcovid19.org/research/what-do-we-know-about-women-and-covid-19-in-low-and-middle-income-countries-from-the-peerreviewed-literature/ 17. Bhan N, Yore Jennifer, Raj A. How can we better understand and measure violence against women in politics? ALIGN Blog. November 2020. https://www.alignplatform.org/resources/how-can-we-better-understand-and-measure-violenceagainst-women-politics 18. Raj A. Where is Gender Equality in the United States? Georgetown Institute of Women, Peace and Security Blog.

November 2020. https://giwps.georgetown.edu/where-is-gender-equality-in-the-united-states/ 19. Dehingia N, Raj A. Mining Twitter Data to Identify Topics of Discussion by Indian Feminist Activists. Data2X Brief Series. January 2021. https://data2x.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/UCSD-Brief-1_Big-Data-and-Gender-in-CovidBrief-Series.pdf 20. Dey A, Dehingia N, Raj A. Using Google Trends Data to Assess Reproductive Health Needs in Nigeria During COVID19. Data2X Brief Series. January 2021. https://data2x.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/UCSD-Brief2_ReproductiveHealthNeedsinNigeria.pdf 21. Dehingia N, Lundgren R, Dey A, Raj A. Trends in online misogyny before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: Analysis of Twitter data from five South-Asian countries. Data2X Brief Series. January 2021. https://data2x.org/wpcontent/uploads/2021/03/UCSD-Brief-3_BigDataGenderCOVID19SouthAsianMisogyny.pdf 22. Dey A, Dehingia N, Raj A. Topic Modeling of Twitter Data to Identify Issues Impacting Women and Girls’ Education During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Data2X Brief Series. January 2021. https://data2x.org/wpcontent/uploads/2021/04/UCSD-Brief-4_BigDataGenderCOVID19_Education.pdf 23. Dehingia N, Dey A, Raj A. Gender Differences in Social Media Communication by National Leaders During the COVID19 Pandemic. Data2X Brief Series. January 2021. https://data2x.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/UCSD-Brief5_BigDataGenderCOVID19_SocialMediaDifferences.pdf 24. Raj A, Bintliff A, Cheung W. Back to School in Fall 2021 Requires Focus on Prevention of Violence in Schools. Valor US Blog. June 2021. https://www.valor.us/2021/06/16/back-to-school-in-fall-2021-requires-focus-on-prevention-of-violencein-schools/ 25. Encarnacion J, Raj A. Digital Connectivity and Women and Girls’ Risk for Cyber-sexual Harassment in the COVID-19 Era. UN Data Forum Blog. October 2021. https://unstats.un.org/unsd/undataforum/blog/digital-connectivity-and-cybersexual-harassment/ 26. Levine RS, Namanda Z, Bintliff AV, Raj A. Youth empowerment through collective action: what are we learning from the Uganda Wellbeing Club. EMERGE Blog. December 2021. https://emerge.ucsd.edu/youth-empowerment-throughcollective-action-what-we-are-learning-from-the-uganda-wellbeing-club/.

27. Singh A, Chokhandre P, Singh A, Barker K, Kumar K, McDougal L, James, KS, Raj A. Development of the Indian Patriarchy Index: Validation and Testing of Temporal and Spatial Patterning. Research Brief No. 8. Mumbai & San Diego: GENDER Project, International Institute for Population Sciences and Center for Gender Equity and Health University of California San Diego. 2021.

28. Nazarbegian M, Averbach S, Bhan N, Thomas EE, Raj A. Measurement of Contraceptive Decision-Making and Contraceptive Use. March 2022. EMERGE [Evidence-based Measures of Empowerment for Research on Gender Equality.

Center on Gender Equity and Health (GEH). https://emerge.ucsd.edu/wpcontent/uploads/2022/03/cdm_3mar_combined37.pdf 29. Thomas EE, Nazarbegian M, Averbach S, Bhan N, Raj A. Household Decision-Making and Contraceptive Use: Measurement and a Review of Evidence. March 2022. EMERGE [Evidence-based Measures of Empowerment for Research on Gender Equality. Center on Gender Equity and Health (GEH). https://emerge.ucsd.edu/wpcontent/uploads/2022/03/eb-hhdm_320mar_et5b445d2020-2020read-only5b825d-combined66.pdf 30. Bhan N, Thomas E, Dixit A, Averbach S, Dey A, Rao N, Lundgren RL, Silverman J, Raj A. Measuring Women’s Agency and Gender Norms in Family Planning: What do we know and where do we go? March 2022. EMERGE [Evidence-based Measures of Empowerment for Research on Gender Equality. Center on Gender Equity and Health (GEH). https://emerge.ucsd.edu/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/2021-fp-wp-draft_nb_et2.pdf 21

31. Griffin-Tabor V, Raj A. Focus on Preventing Sexual and Domestic Violence. San Diego Union Tribune OpEd May 23, 2022. https://www.sandiegouniontribune.com/opinion/commentary/story/2022-05-23/opinion-focus-on-preventing-sexualand-domestic-violence 32. Raj A, Bhan N, Thomas EE, Mozumdar A, Datta N, Nanda P, & FPMLE Consortium. FP-MLE Brief: Family planning policy must prioritize reach and reproductive control for young and newly married women. July 2022. Family Planning – Measurement, Learning, and Evaluation Consortium (FP-MLE). Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation.

33. Bhan N, Sodhi C, Achyut P, Thomas EE, Raj A. Mother-in-law’s influence on family planning decision-making and contraceptive use: a review of the evidence. July 2022. Family Planning – Measurement, Learning, and Evaluation Consortium (FP-MLE). Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation.

34. Baldi E, Dehingia N, Puranen B, Yore J, Rao N, Raj A. Women’s Employment Social Norms, Social Sanctions, and Sexual Harassment: Barriers to Women’s Participation in the Labor Force. August 2022. EMERGE [Evidence-based Measures of Empowerment for Research on Gender Equality. Center on Gender Equity and Health (GEH).

35. Raj A, Dehingia N, Dixit A, McDougal L. What do we know about women and COVID-19 in low- and middle-income countries from the peer-reviewed literature? Gender & COVID-19 Blog. September 2020. https://www.genderandcovid19.org/research/what-do-we-know-about-women-and-covid-19-in-low-and-middle-income-countries-from-the-peerreviewed-literature/ 36. Bhan N, Thomas E, Dixit A, Averbach S, Dey A, Rao N, Lundgren RL, Silverman J, Raj A. Measuring Women’s Agency and Gender Norms in Family Planning: What do we know and where do we go? EMERGE [Evidence-based Measures of Empowerment for Research on Gender Equality. Center on Gender Equity and Health (GEH). September 2020. https://emerge.ucsd.edu/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/GEHs-White-Paper-on-Measuring-Womens-Agency-and-GenderNorms-in-Family-Planning.pdf 37. Bhan N, Yore Jennifer, Raj A. How can we better understand and measure violence against women in politics? ALIGN Blog. November 2020. https://www.alignplatform.org/resources/how-can-we-better-understand-and-measure-violenceagainst-women-politics 38. Raj A. Where is Gender Equality in the United States? Georgetown Institute of Women Peace and Security Blog.

November 2020. https://giwps.georgetown.edu/where-is-gender-equality-in-the-united-states/ 39. Dehingia N, DiMeco L, Raj A. Politics and social media: misogyny and online violence against women in politics.

November 2020. https://emerge.ucsd.edu/politics-and-social-media-misogyny-and-online-violence-against-women-inpolitics/ 40. Raj A, Boyde-Barrett C. Alternatives to calling the police for domestic violence survivors. California Health Report Blog, December 2020, https://www.calhealthreport.org/2020/12/11/alternatives-to-calling-the-police-for-domestic-violencesurvivors/ 41. Dehingia N, Raj A Mining Twitter Data to Identify Topics of Discussion by Indian Feminist Activists. Data2X Brief Series. January 2021. https://data2x.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/UCSD-Brief-1_Big-Data-and-Gender-in-CovidBrief-Series.pdf 42. Dey A, Dehingia N, Raj A. Using Google Trends Data to Assess Reproductive Health Needs in Nigeria During COVID19. Data2X Brief Series. January 2021. https://data2x.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/UCSD-Brief2_ReproductiveHealthNeedsinNigeria.pdf 43. Dehingia N, Lundgren R, Dey A, Raj A. Trends in online misogyny before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: Analysis of Twitter data from five South-Asian countries. Data2X Brief Series. January 2021. https://data2x.org/wpcontent/uploads/2021/03/UCSD-Brief-3_BigDataGenderCOVID19SouthAsianMisogyny.pdf 44. Dey A, Dehingia N, Raj A, Saseendrakumar B, and Tripathi T. Topic Modeling of Twitter Data to Identify Issues Impacting Women and Girls’ Education During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Data2X Brief Series. January 2021. https://data2x.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/UCSD-Brief-4_BigDataGenderCOVID19_Education.pdf 45. Dehingia N, Dey A, Raj A. Gender Differences in Social Media Communication by National Leaders During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Data2X Brief Series. January 2021. https://data2x.org/wpcontent/uploads/2021/05/UCSD-Brief-5_BigDataGenderCOVID19_SocialMediaDifferences.pdf 46. Dey A, Dehingia N, Raj A. Understanding patterns of unplanned pregnancies and abortions in India during the COVID-19 pandemic using google trends data. February 2021. https://emerge.ucsd.edu/understanding-patterns-of-unplannedpregnancies-and-abortions-in-india-during-the-covid-19-pandemic-using-google-trends-data/ 47. Center on Gender Equity and Health (McDougal L, Raj A, Yore, Y), Data2X (Boyd S, Penumetcha N, Courey Pryor E), Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (Dhar D), Global Center for Gender Equality at Stanford University (Darmstadt G, Jafa K), Global Health 50/50 (Hawkes S, Purdie A, Tanaka S, International Labor Organization (Benes E, Walsh K), PARIS21 (Harrison L, Jutting J, Misra A), UN Women (Encarnacion J, Seck P), World Bank (Beegle K, Buehren N, Gaddis I).

Strengthening gender measures and data in the COVID-19 era: an urgent need for change. March 2021. https://emerge.ucsd.edu/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/covid-19-gender-data-measures_evidence-review-v2.pdf 48. Raj A, Dey AK, Lundgren R, and the EMERGE Team. A Conceptual Framework for Measuring Women’s Empowerment.

Evidence-based Measures of Empowerment for Research on Gender Equality [EMERGE]. Center on Gender Health and 22

Equity (GEH) University of California San Diego. San Diego, CA. April 2021. https://emerge.ucsd.edu/wpcontent/uploads/2021/04/emergeconceptualframework-to-measure-empowerment.pdf 49. Reed E, Klugman J, McDougal LP, Raj A. How Do We Measure Economic Empowerment? A Summary of Current Measures and Recommendations for Future Research. Evidence-based Measures of Empowerment for Research on Gender Equality [EMERGE]. Center on Gender Health and Equity (GEH) University of California San Diego. San Diego, CA. June 2021. https://emerge.ucsd.edu/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/updated_report_economic-empowerment-review-ofmeasures_reed_06222021_short-.pdf 50. Center on Gender Equity and Health (GEH, includes Raj A) - UC San Diego & International Union for the Scientific Study of Population. Family Planning and COVID-19: Cross-National Experiences from Burkina Faso, India, Nigeria, and Uganda. Center on Gender Equity and Health - UC San Diego. June 2021. https://iussp.org/en/iussp-webinar-familyplanning-researchunder-covid-19-pandemic-how-it-going-and-what-are-we-0 51. Raj A, Bintliff A, Cheung W. Back to School in Fall 2021 Requires Focus on Prevention of Violence in Schools. Valor US Blog. June 2021. https://www.valor.us/2021/06/16/back-to-school-in-fall-2021-requires-focus-on-prevention-of-violencein-schools/ 52. O’Donnell M, Bourgault S, McDougal L, Dehingia N, Cheung WW, Raj A. The Impacts of COVID-19 on Women’s Social and Economic Outcomes: An Updated Review of the Evidence. CGD Policy Paper 225. 2021. Washington, DC: Center for Global Development. https://www.cgdev.org/publication/ impacts-covid-19-womens-social-and-economicoutcomes-updated-review-evidence 53. Raj A, What can you do with global health training? The Global Health Academic Concentration, UCSD, September, 2021, https://ucsdsomghac.com/2021/09/07/making-connections/ 54. Encarnacion J, Raj A. Digital Connectivity and Women and Girls’ Risk for Cyber-sexual Harassment in the COVID-19 Era. UN Data Forum Blog. October 2021. https://unstats.un.org/unsd/undataforum/blog/digital-connectivity-and-cybersexual-harassment/ 55. Singh A, Chokhandre P, Singh A, Barker K, Kumar K, McDougal L, James, KS, Raj A. Development of the Indian Patriarchy Index: Validation and Testing of Temporal and Spatial Patterning. Research Brief No. 8. Mumbai & San Diego: GENDER Project, International Institute for Population Sciences and Center for Gender Equity and Health University of California San Diego. 2021.

56. Levine RS, Namanda Z, Bintliff AV, Raj A. Youth empowerment through collective action: what are we learning from the Uganda Wellbeing Club. EMERGE Blog. December 2021. https://emerge.ucsd.edu/youth-empowerment-throughcollective-action-what-we-are-learning-from-the-uganda-wellbeing-club/.

57. Nazarbegian M, Averbach S, Bhan N, Thomas EE, Raj A. Measurement of Contraceptive Decision-Making and Contraceptive Use. March 2022. EMERGE [Evidence-based Measures of Empowerment for Research on Gender Equality.

Center on Gender Equity and Health (GEH). https://emerge.ucsd.edu/wpcontent/uploads/2022/03/cdm_3mar_combined37.pdf 58. Thomas EE, Nazarbegian M, Averbach S, Bhan N, Raj A. Household Decision-Making and Contraceptive Use: Measurement and a Review of Evidence. March 2022. EMERGE [Evidence-based Measures of Empowerment for Research on Gender Equality. Center on Gender Equity and Health (GEH). https://emerge.ucsd.edu/wpcontent/uploads/2022/03/eb-hhdm_320mar_et5b445d2020-2020read-only5b825d-combined66.pdf 59. Bhan N, Thomas E, Dixit A, Averbach S, Dey A, Rao N, Lundgren RL, Silverman J, Raj A. Measuring Women’s Agency and Gender Norms in Family Planning: What do we know and where do we go? March 2022. EMERGE [Evidence-based Measures of Empowerment for Research on Gender Equality. Center on Gender Equity and Health (GEH). https://emerge.ucsd.edu/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/2021-fp-wp-draft_nb_et2.pdf 60. Raj A, Bhan N, Thomas EE, Mozumdar A, Datta N, Nanda P, & FPMLE Consortium. FP-MLE Brief: Family planning policy must prioritize reach and reproductive control for young and newly married women. July 2022. Family Planning – Measurement, Learning, and Evaluation Consortium (FP-MLE). Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation.

61. Bhan N, Sodhi C, Achyut P, Thomas EE, Raj A. Mother-in-law’s influence on family planning decision-making and contraceptive use: a review of the evidence. July 2022. Family Planning – Measurement, Learning, and Evaluation Consortium (FP-MLE). Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation.

62. Baldi E, Dehingia N, Puranen B, Yore J, Rao N, Raj A. Women’s Employment Social Norms, Social Sanctions, and Sexual Harassment: Barriers to Women’s Participation in the Labor Force. August 2022. EMERGE [Evidence-based Measures of Empowerment for Research on Gender Equality. Center on Gender Equity and Health (GEH).

63. Mooketsane K, Molefe W, Faiaz MM, Rao N, Raj A. Batswana see gender-based violence as a priority for government and societal action. Afrobarometer January 2023. https://www.afrobarometer.org/publication/ad594-batswana-see-genderbased-violence-as-a-priority-for-government-and-societal-action/ 64. Mooketsane K, Molefe W, Faiaz MM, Raj A. Batswana support gender equity, want greater government action to promote equal rights. Afrobarometer January 2023. https://www.afrobarometer.org/publication/ad589-batswana-support-genderequity-want-greater-government-action-to-promote-equal-rights/

23

65. Male SS, Faiaz MM, Rao N, Raj A. Majority of Ugandans see domestic violence as a private–not criminal–matter.

Afrobarometer January 2023. https://www.afrobarometer.org/publication/ad593-majority-of-ugandans-see-domesticviolence-as-a-private-not-criminal-matter/ 66. Male SS, Faiaz MM, Rao N, Raj A. Ugandans applaud government efforts to promote gender equality, but want more.

Afrobarometer February 2023. https://www.afrobarometer.org/articles/ugandans-applaud-government-efforts-to-promotegender-equality-but-want-more/ 67. Raj A, Robison T, Benmarhnia T. Are climate crises increasing domestic violence in New Orleans? Newcomb Institute.

October 20, 2023. https://newcomb.tulane.edu/node/11605 OpEds (Past 5 Years) 1. Raj A. Opinion: Prevention is Key to Halting #MeToo Across Generations in California. California Health Report. June 2019. https://www.calhealthreport.org/2019/06/03/prevention-is-key-to-halting-metoo-across-generations-in-california/ 2. Raj A. Worried about sexual harassment – or false allegations? Our team asked Americans about their experiences and beliefs. The Conversation. May 2019. https://theconversation.com/worried-about-sexual-harassment-or-false-allegationsour-team-asked-americans-about-their-experiences-and-beliefs-1167159. https://www.universityofcalifornia.edu/news/how-has-metoo-changed-way-we-live (previously omitted) 3. Raj A. How has #MeToo changed the way we live? University of California. May 2019. https://www.universityofcalifornia.edu/news/how-has-metoo-changed-way-we-live (previously omitted) 4. Raj A. Opinion: Prevention is Key to Halting #MeToo Across Generations in California. California Health Report. June 2019. https://www.calhealthreport.org/2019/06/03/prevention-is-key-to-halting-metoo-across-generations-in-california/ (previously B.II.16) 5. Raj, A., Tata Trusts Horizons, Sexual abuse is a social and health issue as well. Tata Horizons Magazine. December 2019, https://horizons.tatatrusts.org/2019/december/tata-trusts-anita-raj.html 6. Ruan L, Raj A. Kyle Beach’s sexual assault lawsuit against the Chicago Blackhawks begs the question: Can hockey change? USC Annenberg Media. November 2021 https://www.uscannenbergmedia.com/2021/11/02/kyle-beachs-sexualassault-lawsuit-against-the-chicago-blackhawks-begs-the-question-can-hockey-change/ 7. Rao N, Raj A. Women May Be More Vulnerable To Climate Change But Data Absent. India Spend. June 2019. https://www.indiaspend.com/women-may-be-more-vulnerable-to-climate-change-but-data-absent/ 8. Raj A. The Flex Coach Podcast. Dr. Anita Raj on Humility & Success in Leadership, November, 2019, https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/e3d336fb-ccbc-4dd3-aea2-25a0be60b396/episodes/4862356f-8e18-4852-8327dbcaff7827c4/theflexcoach-8---dr-anita-raj-on-humility-success-the-gates-foundation-corevalues?refMarker=null&returnFromLogin=1& 9. Raj A. Towards eliminating inequalities, The Statesman, December 2019, https://epaper.thestatesman.com/c/47447733 10. McDougal L, Raj A, Singh A. What does NHFS-5 tell us about women’s status, safety, and economic positioning in India?. Times of India. January 27, 2022. https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/blogs/voices/what-does-nhfs-5-tell-us-aboutwomens-empowerment-in-india/ 11. Raj A. We studied violence in Louisiana. Here are some stark truths. Times-Picayune and NOLA.com. https://www.nola.com/opinions/guest-column-some-stark-truths-about-violence-in-louisiana/article_0e01b05e-36f7-11ee8b93-fbb9b8961538.html

INVITED TALKS (Past 5 Years) 01/2019 03/2019 04/2019 05/2019 06/2019 06/2019 09/2019 10/2019 11/2019

Invited Talk. Psychological issues associated with sexual assault and prevention of sexual violence.

Victims' Legal Counsel Organization, United States Marine Corps. San Diego, CA Panelist, Gender data gaps and solutions for monitoring and evaluation. BMGF and Hewlett Foundation Gender Data Meeting, United Nations 63rd Commission on the Status of Women. New York, NY. Panelist, Gender equality measurement for health. Empowerment and Maternal and Child Health Forum.

Toronto, Canada.

Invited Talk. Bullying and Sexual Harassment at School: How can help victims and perpetrators?

EDS/CREATE Conference 2019. San Diego, CA. Invited Talk. Gender inequalities in health systems. Lancet forum on Gender Equality, Norms and Health.

Women Deliver 2019. Vancouver, Canada Panelist, Changing norms, power structures and system. Women and Girls at the Center of Development Side event. Women Deliver Conference. Vancouver, Canada.

Invited Talk. Sports for Change. Sexual Assault Coalition Annual Statewide Conference 2019. Anaheim, CA Panelist and Organizer, Lesson Learnt and Way Forward, SSM - Population Health. International Seminar on Twenty-Five Years of National Family Health Survey (NFHS) in India, New Delhi, India Invited Talk. Understanding Sexual Violence in India: Contributions of the National Family Health Survey.

25th Anniversary of the Demographic and Health Survey in India.

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02/2020 02/2020 04/2020 04/2020 09/2020 09/2020 09/2020 11/2020 02/2021 03/2021

03/2021 06/2021

06/2021 07/2021 09/2021 09/2021 10/2021 10/2021 10/2021 04/2022 05/2022 05/2022 07/2022 04/2022 10/2022

08/2023

09/2023 09/2023

Invited Talk. Conceptualizing empowerment for measurement, University of London, London School of Health and Tropical Medicine- Oxford University, Oxford, UK and London, UK Invited Talk, Sexual Violence as a Global Health and Human Rights Issue. UCLA. Los Angeles, CA Panelist, Rethinking the Gender Inequality Index (GII), United Nations Women/ United Nations Development Programme. Virtual.

Panelist and Co-Organizer, Measuring Women’s Economic Empowerment: Key Debates & Practical Proposals, Center for Global Development & Data2x. Virtual San Diego, CA. Advisor, NICHD workshop, Utilizing Behavioral, Social, and Marketing Research to Advance Contraceptive Development. Virtual.

Panelist, Measuring Women’s Agency in Family Planning: Learnings, Experiences and the way forward. Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. Virtual.

Panelist, Ways of addressing current data limitations in family planning, National Academies of Science, Engineering, Medicine (NASEM) Family Planning Workshop; Virtual Panelist, Collaborative to Prevent Firearm Violence, National Academies of Science, Engineering, Medicine (NASEM) Action Virtual San Diego, CA. Invited Talk. USAID’s meeting on Measuring Agency in Family Planning; Virtual Invited Talk. Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation Family Planning FPMLE Consortium Learning Session.

The CHARM2 Intervention: Counseling Husbands and Wives to Achieve Reproductive Health and Marital Equality –Virtual Invited Talk. IUSSP webinar on Family Planning Research under the COVID-19 Pandemic: How is it going and what are we finding? Virtual Panelist and Co-Organizer, Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation webinar: Family Planning Demand Learning Session #1: Understanding demand-side factors and pathways for FP in the context of gender inequalities.

Virtual Panelist, Legislative Briefing for Blue Shield Foundation of California on Domestic Violence. Virtual.

Panelist, Suicide in California- Data trends in 2020, COVID Impact, and Prevention Strategies. California Department of Public Health.

Panelist, BRACU Women’s Economic Empowerment DiFine. EMERGE Platform and Psychometrics Training for Researchers. Virtual.

Panelist and Organizer, Kenyatta University and University of Nairobi. EMERGE Platform and Psychometrics Training for Researchers. Virtual.

Panelist, Child Marriage Learning Session: Findings from the Special Issue of the Journal of Adolescent Health. International Day of the Girl Child. Virtual Panelist, UN Women and the Intersecretariat Working Group on Household Surveys. Shadow Pandemic – Innovations in Remote Data Collection on Violence Against Women During COVID-19. Virtual.

Co-Organizer, UN World Data Forum Session. Legacy of COVID-19: Mobilizing Gender Data to Obtain Better Science. Virtual.

Organizer and Presenter, Kenya WEE CoP. EMERGE Platform and Psychometrics Training for Researchers.

Virtual.

Organizer and Presenter, Global Innovation Fund. EMERGE Platform and Psychometrics Training for Researchers. Virtual.

Organizer, Kenyatta Women’s Economic Empowerment Community of Practice. International Forum: Moving from measurement to practice and policy. Nairobi, Kenya Keynote: First Symposium of the Center on Demography of Gender, International Institute for Poulation Sciences. Mumbai, India Organizer and Presenter, Kenya Women’s Economic Empowerment Community of Practice. EMERGE Platform and Psychometrics Training for Researchers. Virtual.

Invited Talk. Gender and Health: Impacts of Structural Sexism, Gender Norms, Relational Power Dynamics, and Gender Inequities. Introduction to the EMERGE Platform for Gender Empowerment Measures. Hosted by: Office of Research on Women’s Health (ORWH) and the NIH. Invited Talk and Legislative Hearing. Violence in Louisiana: Findings from the statewide Louisiana Violence Experiences (LaVEX) Survey. Presentation of the State Legislative Working Groups on Women and on Domestic Violence. Louisiana Capitol Building. Baton Rouge, LA Invited Talk. Gender Discrimination and Sexual Harassment in Academic Medicine. American Neurological Association. Philadelphia, PA. Invited talk. Measuring Gender Empowerment: Introducing the EMERGE Platform. Inaugural Seminar for the Center for Global Women’s Health and Gender Equity (GWHGE). Johns Hopkins School of Public Health. Baltimore, Maryland.

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09/2023 11/2023 12/2023

12/2023 12/2023

12/2023

01/2024

Invited talk. Understanding and measuring martial choice as an indicator of women’s marital agency.

Seminar for the Centre for Family and Population Research, National University of Singapore (virtual) Invited Talk. Measuring reproductive choice, agency and norms for women and engagement in family planning for men using survey research. Population and Reproductive Health. USAID Journal Club.

Invited Talk. EMERGE Platform and Psychometrics Training for Researchers. Kenya Women’s Economic Empowerment Community of Practice. International Council for Research on Women. Nairobi, Kenya (remote) Panelist. Measuring gender empowerment and gender norms related to election of women candidates. JPAL Global Forum. London, UK. Panelist. Structural violence and discrimination as risk factors for intimate partner violence in Louisiana and California. Roundtable: Community Safety as a Social Determinant of Health. National Academies of Science, Engineering and Medicine. Washington, DC. Panelist. Understanding cybersexual harassment at scale: Findings from the CalVEX and LaVEX surveys in California and Louisiana. NIH Forum: Understand and Address the Impacts of Online Abuse & Harassment.

Bethesda, MD. Invited Talk. Prevalence of violence and discrimination against Asian Americans in California: Findings from a statewide 2023 survey. AAPI Data SPARC Summit. Sacramento, CA.

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