Revolution text writing the protocols and world revolution (1920) clinton obama trump by New Deal Ink and Toner Company

T H E

PROTOCOLS

T H E PROTOCOLS A N D WORLD REVOLUTION I N C L U D I N G T R A N S L A T I O N O F

"PROTOCOLS

A N D

A A N A L Y S I S

T H E

OF THE

MEETINGS

O F T H E ZIONIST M E N OF

WISDOM"

B O S T O N

SMALL, MAYNARD & COMPANY PUBLISHERS

SMALL, MAYNARD

All rights

1920 &

reserved

COMPANY

TRANSLATION

IT IS N E A R , AT T H E DOOR MATT.

X X I V , 33

MARK XIII,

LUKE X X I ,

REV.

XXII,

D A N . X I I , 4.

C O N C E R N I N G

S O M E T H I N G T O A N D

FOURTH

EDITION

W H I C H

REVISED

LATER

D O

N O T

W I S H

I S

S O

N E A R

OF T H E BOOK, " N E A R IS T H E COMING

OF ANTI-CHRIST AND T H E EARTH,"

P E O P L E

B E L I E V E

AND

OF T H E DEVIL

CONSIDERABLY A U G M E N T E D

RESEARCHES

KINGDOM

AND

INVESTIGATION

SERGE NILUS

Dedicated to the small herd of Christ

" Y e , b r e t h r e n , d o not r e m a i n i n the d a r k s o that the day ( o f the L o r d ) shall not catch y e a s t h i e v e s . " (I Sol. 5, 4 . ) " H e w h o suffers t o the end shall b e

T H E

saved."

T O W N

( M a t t . 2 4 , 13.)

O F

S E R G I E V

Part One INTRODUCTORY

STATEMENT

H E w o r l d i s i n the m i d s t o f a crisis not less serious t h a n that of the great w a r . W h i l e it was inevitable that the p e r i o d f o l l o w i n g the w a r s h o u l d b e f r a u g h t w i t h g r a v e p r o b lems for c i v i l i z a t i o n , these problems have been made m u c h m o r e difficult by the presence of a new danger, n a m e l y , the destructive force of B o l s h e v i s m . R u s s i a was the first v i c t i m of what proves to be a movement of an i n t e r n a t i o n a l c h a r acter, R u s s i a b e i n g used as the base of operations. While p o w e r f u l B o l s h e v i s t a r m i e s are o v e r r u n n i n g A s i a a n d m e n a c i n g the E u r o p e a n countries to the W e s t , an equally danger ous force o f R e d p r o p a g a n d i s t s , directed f r o m M o s c o w , i s o p e r a t i n g on several continents, s p r e a d i n g its social p o i s o n t h r o u g h o u t the w o r l d a n d t h r e a t e n i n g the d e s t r u c t i o n of the social a n d i n d u s t r i a l m o r a l e o f c i v i l i z e d nations. W i t h the t r i u m p h o f the B o l s h e v i s t r e v o l u t i o n i n R u s s i a , a g r o u p of i n t e r n a t i o n a l i s t s , most of w h o m w e r e members of the J e w i s h race, seized the m a c h i n e r y of g o v e r n m e n t a n d have held it ever since. T h e complete d e s t r u c t i o n o f R u s s i a n c i v i l i z a t i o n , w h i c h f o r centuries had been essentially a C h r i s t i a n c i v i l i z a t i o n , a n d the reduction of the great m a j o r i t y of the R u s s i a n people to a state of abject m i s e r y a n d r u i n , are a c c o m p l i s h e d facts. The B o l s h e v i s t leaders, h o w e v e r , not content w i t h this d e s t r u c t i o n and the establishment of a c r u e l despotism in R u s s i a , are m a k i n g every effort to e x t e n d their r e v o l u t i o n a n d their con t r o l to other countries. T h e Communist revolution in H u n g a r y , under Bela Cohen (alias K u h n ) , a confessed ally a n d agent of T r o t z k y , was not t e r m i n a t e d u n t i l it h a d w r o u g h t great h a v o c in that c o u n t r y . T h e same is true of the S p a r t a c a n revolt in G e r m a n y , where recently the s t r u g g l e b r o k e out anew a n d assumed the char1

T H E PROTOCOLS acter of a f o r m i d a b l e c i v i l w a r . H o l l a n d a n d I t a l y are to-day s e r i o u s l y threatened w i t h u p r i s i n g s i n s p i r e d b y the B o l s h e v i k i , w h i l e in F r a n c e the g o v e r n m e n t has been c o m p e l l e d to expel the B o l s h e v i s t agents i n large numbers. I n the U n i t e d States r e v o l u t i o n a r y a g i t a t i o n d i r e c t l y g u i d e d a n d fomented by agents o f L e n i n a n d T r o t z k y a n d s u b s i d i z e d w i t h ample f u n d s , re cently reached such p r o p o r t i o n s that the F e d e r a l G o v e r n m e n t was forced to take s t r o n g measures, i n c l u d i n g h u n d r e d s of arrests a n d deportations. T h e enemy is in o u r midst. In this c o u n t r y , as elsewhere, alien agitators w h o are either B o l s h e v i s t s themselves or emissaries of the B o l s h e v i k i have w o r m e d their w a y into some of the loyal labor o r g a n i z a t i o n s or put them selves at the head of the Socialist or other r a d i c a l p o l i t i c a l parties a r t i f i c i a l l y s t i m u l a t i n g social unrest and s e e k i n g to t u r n i n d u s t r i a l strikes into p o l i t i c a l upheavals, l e a d i n g to r e v o l u t i o n and anarchy. S h a l l A m e r i c a be as slow to realize the real d a n g e r of i n t e r n a t i o n a l B o l s h e v i s m as she was to recognize the menace of German imperialism? Shall A m e r i c a again be unprepared? We must be ready to meet t h e d a n g e r at o u r doors a n d , if necessary, to suppress it in o u r m i d s t w i t h p h y s i c a l force, just as was necessary in the struggle w i t h P r u s s i a n m i l i t a r i s m . It has been s a i d , h o w e v e r , and perhaps t r u l y , that B o l s h e v i s m c a n not be met by force alone. C e r t a i n l y to meet it effectively its nature must be u n d e r s t o o d . To this end it is necessary to analyze the m o v e m e n t c a r e f u l l y a n d to discover its u n d e r l y i n g causes — if possible the p r e d o m i n a t i n g cause. F r o m the v e r y b e g i n n i n g there was a n element o f mystery i n the B o l s h e v i s t r e v o l u t i o n i n R u s s i a . W a s it, essentially, a n attempt to put into effect the p r i n c i p l e s of i n t e r n a t i o n a l social ism as promulgated by K a r l M a r x ? W a s it a disguised form of p r o l e t a r i a n i m p e r i a l i s m ? D i d it a i m at the complete de s t r u c t i o n of C h r i s t i a n c i v i l i z a t i o n ? O r , finally, was it a l o n g p l a n n e d , g i g a n t i c revolt of the J e w i s h race against C h r i s t e n d o m and its i n s t i t u t i o n s ? F r o m the v e r y start there was a terrible method in the m a d ness o f T r o t z k y a n d those i n league w i t h h i m . M a n y o f their m o v e s w h i c h at the t i m e seemed inexplicable a f t e r w a r d s ap peared l o g i c a l e n o u g h w h e n their objects became apparent. T h e w o r l d was p u z z l e d b y T r o t z k y ' s famous r e m a r k a t B r e s t - L i t o v s k , " N o peace, n o w a r . " L a t e r , h o w e v e r , the real 2

T H E PROTOCOLS m e a n i n g became k n o w n : " N o w a r o n G e r m a n y , n o peace f o r R u s s i a or the rest of the w o r l d . " T h a t the B o l s h e v i s t r e v o l u t i o n was f r o m the b e g i n n i n g almost entirely led and controlled by J e w s is a fact w h i c h has g r a d u a l l y t h r u s t itself u p o n the attention o f the w o r l d . The J e w s in m a n y instances have a d m i t t e d the d o m i n a t i n g rĂ´le w h i c h members of t h e i r race have played in i n t e r n a t i o n a l B o l s h e v i s m a n d have sought to defend it. S o m e of t h e i r recognized leaders have p r o c l a i m e d t h e i r p r i d e i n T r o t z k y . T h e fact that the J e w i s h race has t a k e n such an active part i n the R u s s i a n B o l s h e v i s t movement, w i t h its i n t e r n a t i o n a l ramifications, has been attributed in some quarters to the m o t i v e of revenge on the part of the J e w s f o r what they r e g a r d as a l o n g era of persecution. If this be so, is it impossible that J e w s in v a r i o u s parts of the w o r l d i m a g i n e that now is their chance not o n l y f o r revenge but for w o r l d d o m i n a t i o n ? T h e a i r o f confidence w i t h w h i c h T r o t z k y a n d other J e w i s h leaders are p r o c e e d i n g w i t h t h e i r drastic p r o g r a m i n R u s s i a is significant. S i g n i f i c a n t , also, is the enthusiastic support w h i c h is b e i n g g i v e n to the S o v i e t rule by v a r i o u s J e w i s h elements a n d g r o u p s outside o f R u s s i a . W h e t h e r this corelated movement of the J e w s in support of B o l s h e v i s m is not b e i n g c a r r i e d out on some concerted p l a n is a question o f importance w h i c h w a r r a n t s c a r e f u l study a n d i n v e s t i g a t i o n . N o facts w h i c h can possibly t h r o w l i g h t u p o n this question s h o u l d be d i s r e g a r d e d . F o r this reason it is t i m e l y to c o n Â sider the contents a n d o r i g i n of a document of e x t r a o r d i n a r y interest w h i c h , t h o u g h made p u b l i c i n R u s s i a some f i f t e e n years ago, is g e n e r a l l y u n k n o w n elsewhere. T h e document r e f e r r e d to is entitled, " P r o t o c o l s of the M e e t i n g s o f the Z i o n i s t M e n o f W i s d o m , " a n d was pubÂ lished for the first t i m e in 1905 at T s a r s k o j e S e l o in a R u s s i a n book entitled " T h e G r e a t i n the L i t t l e , " w r i t t e n b y Serge N i l u s , a w e l l - k n o w n R u s s i a n a u t h o r . T h e P r o t o c o l s set f o r t h a comprehensive p r o g r a m f o r the substantial destruction of all C h r i s t i a n states, a n d propose c e r t a i n p r a c t i c a l methods for a c h i e v i n g w o r l d d o m i n a t i o n by the J e w i s h n a t i o n . So far as is k n o w n , the P r o t o c o l s have never been repudiated p u b l i c l y b y r e c o g n i z e d J e w i s h authorities. Q u i t e recently the w e l l k n o w n f i r m o f E y r e & S p o t t i s w o o d e , L t d . , p r i n t e r s f o r the B r i t i s h G o v e r n m e n t , p u b l i s h e d a pamphlet u n d e r the title, 3

T H E PROTOCOLS " T h e J e w i s h P e r i l , P r o t o c o l s o f the L e a r n e d E l d e r s o f Z i o n . " In the preface of this pamphlet it is e x p l a i n e d that the P r o t o cols r e f e r r e d t o were translated f r o m the R u s s i a n into E n g l i s h f r o m Serge N i l u s ' s book which appeared in Russia in 1905. W h i l e the editors do not g i v e the title of N i l u s ' s book, they say: " A copy o f the o r i g i n a l m a y b e seen a t the B r i t i s h M u s e u m L i b r a r y , u n d e r N o . 3 9 2 6 - d - 1 7 , stamped B r i t i s h M u s e u m , 1 0 t h August, 1906." T h e y state also that the p u b l i c a t i o n of the E n g l i s h p a m p h l e t at present is j u s t i f i e d by the g r o w i n g menace of B o l s h e v i s m t h r o u g h o u t the w o r l d . T h e pamphlet concludes w i t h the warning: "GENTILES,

BEWARE!"

It seems o b v i o u s that the publishers, E y r e & S p o t t i s woode, L t d . , have used N i l u s ' s book " T h e G r e a t i n the L i t t l e , " published in R u s s i a in 1905. A specific reference to the P r o t o c o l s is to be f o u n d also in the F r e n c h w e e k l y m a g a z i n e La Vieille-France, N o . 160, p u b lished i n F e b r u a r y , 1920. I n the e d i t o r i a l article entitled " T h e J e w s H a v e C r e a t e d B o l s h e v i s m " (pages 10-13) t h e f o l l o w i n g extract f r o m the Z i o n i s t P r o t o c o l s , a s p u b l i s h e d b y N i l u s , is given in F r e n c h : " A nous, son P e u p l e d'élection, D i e u a d o n n é l e p o u v o i r d ' e x p a n s i o n , et ce q u i semble être notre faiblesse a été notre force. Nous sommes au seuil de la domination universelle. Il reste peu a c o n s t r u i r e sur ces bases," etc. etc. T h e article asserts that B o l s h e v i s m is n o t h i n g but a phase of J u d a i s m , a n d also states that the J e w i s h B o l s h e v i s t leaders in R u s s i a were subsidized by J e w i s h b a n k i n g houses in the U n i t e d States a n d G e r m a n y . I n J a n u a r y , 1917, M r . N i l u s p u b l i s h e d another book u n d e r the title " I t i s N e a r , A t the D o o r , " a n d i n this book the P r o t o c o l s were a g a i n p u b l i s h e d i n f u l l . A reproduction of the title page of this book is inserted at the b e g i n n i n g of this volume. While

the

Protocols

are

generally u n k n o w n

here,

w o r t h y of note that on O c t o b e r 2 7 - 2 8 , 1919, the P h i l a d e l p h i a Public Ledger p r i n t e d l o n g excerpts f r o m t h e m in an article c a l l i n g the attention of the A m e r i c a n people to the document a n d to the t e r r i b l e p r o g r a m w h i c h it presents. T h e article 4

T H E PROTOCOLS in the Ledger was somewhat m i s l e a d i n g , h o w e v e r , since it was p u b l i s h e d u n d e r the captions " R e d B i b l e " a n d " B o l s h e vist P r o p a g a n d a . " A l l w o r d s i n the text itself i n d i c a t i n g that the P r o t o c o l s were o f J e w i s h o r i g i n were o m i t t e d . The H e b r e w w o r d " G o y s , " s i g n i f y i n g " G e n t i l e s , " used i n the P r o t o c o l s , n o w h e r e appears in the Ledger article. Further m o r e , w h e r e v e r i n the P r o t o c o l s the expressions " o u r p e o p l e " o r " w e " — m e a n i n g the " J e w i s h p e o p l e " o r the " J e w s " — are used, the a u t h o r of the article makes it appear that the people thus referred to are the " B o l s h e v i s t s , " a n d speaks of the P r o t o c o l s as a " R u s s i a n d o c u m e n t , " w h i c h c l e a r l y it is not. M r . N i l u s shows that the P r o t o c o l s came into his h a n d s in 1901. In 1901 the B o l s h e v i s t P a r t y d i d not exist, f o r it was f o u n d e d only in 1903 a n d was not really o r g a n i z e d f o r w o r k u n t i l several years later. N o w h e r e in the P r o t o c o l s does the w o r d " B o l s h e v i s t " appear, w h i l e the w o r d " J e w s " i s used m a n y times, a l t h o u g h the w r i t e r more f r e q u e n t l y uses the w o r d " w e " w h e n s p e a k i n g o f the J e w s . T h e r e i s o n l y one hypothesis u p o n w h i c h the P r o t o c o l s c o u l d possibly be c o n sidered " B o l s h e v i s t , " n a m e l y , that the B o l s h e v i s t movement was o f J e w i s h o r i g i n , i n w h i c h case the p l a n o u t l i n e d i n the P r o t o c o l s m i g h t have become " B o l s h e v i s t " b y a d o p t i o n . T h e very fact that a document p u r p o r t i n g to be w r i t t e n by a J e w f o r J e w s c o u l d be so easily described as " B o l s h e v i s t P r o p a g a n d a " is of interest. N o w , f o r the f i r s t time, the document entitled b y M r . N i l u s " P r o t o c o l s o f the M e e t i n g s o f the Z i o n i s t M e n o f W i s d o m " is p u b l i s h e d in f u l l in the U n i t e d States, c o r r e c t l y translated f r o m the R u s s i a n . F o r this purpose w e have used the R u s sian text as it appears in M r . N i l u s ' s book, "It is N e a r , At the D o o r , " 1917, p u b l i s h e d in the p r i n t i n g office of the S v i a t o Troitzky Monastery. B e f o r e p r o c e e d i n g to e x a m i n e the contents of the P r o t o c o l s , let u s briefly g i v e M r . N i l u s ' s account o f the way i n w h i c h they came into his possession and of his v i e w s in r e g a r d to their o r i g i n . M r . N i l u s , a t pages 8 6 t o 9 2 o f his book, " I t i s N e a r , A t the D o o r , " states that h e received the m a n u s c r i p t c o n t a i n i n g the P r o t o c o l s o f the M e e t i n g s o f the Z i o n i s t M e n o f W i s d o m i n 1901 f r o m M r . A l e x i s N i k o l a j e v i c h S o u c h o t i n , a t one time M a r s h a l o f N o b i l i t y i n the D i s t r i c t o f C h e r n , C e n t r a l R u s s i a , 5

T H E PROTOCOLS a n d later V i c e G o v e r n o r o f the South

Russia,

and

that

when

Government giving

the

Stavropol,

manuscript

M r . Nilus, M r . Souchotin said: " T a k e i t into y o u r f u l l possession. R e a d it. Become in spired a n d make out of it s o m e t h i n g u s e f u l to the C h r i s t i a n soul. O t h e r w i s e i t m i g h t r e m a i n w i t h m e u n u s e d . From a p o l i t i c a l standpoint it is useless, f o r it is too late to act on it. F r o m a s p i r i t u a l standpoint, h o w e v e r , it m i g h t be otherwise. I n y o u r hands, w i t h G o d ' s help, i t w i l l bear f r u i t . " M r . N i l u s states that M r . S o u c h o t i n t o l d h i m that the m a n u script was o r i g i n a l l y obtained by a lady whose name is not g i v e n a n d w h o , he s a i d , obtained it in a mysterious way. M r . N i l u s showed i t t o several R u s s i a n s o f h i g h s t a n d i n g , one o f w h o m s a i d : " S l a v d o m has not yet spoken its last w o r d a n d , therefore, n o matter h o w c u n n i n g and s t r o n g the Z i o n i s t M e n o f W i s d o m m a y be, t h e i r efforts are doomed to f a i l u r e , a n d f o r this reason there is no need to despair." M r . N i l u s states that p r i o r to 1905 he submitted the P r o t o cols t o G r a n d D u k e Serge A l e x a n d r o v i t c h , w h o , h a v i n g ex a m i n e d t h e m , sent h i m a message o f t w o w o r d s o n l y : " T o o late." Subsequently, M r . N i l u s made several attempts t o c a l l the attention of the p r o p e r officials to the contents of this d o c u ment but w i t h o u t result. In 1905 he p u b l i s h e d the second edition o f his book, " T h e G r e a t i n the L i t t l e . " I n this e d i t i o n the P r o t o c o l s were f o r the first time i n c o r p o r a t e d . I n his last book M r . N i l u s w r i t e s : " T h e s e P r o t o c o l s p r o d u c e d a scarcely noticeable i m p r e s s i o n u p o n the w o r l d outside o f the C h r i s t i a n c h u r c h . T h e p e r i o d i cal press, w h i c h in the m a i n is in J e w i s h hands, or u n d e r the g u i d a n c e a n d influence of the J e w s , sought to conceal their pub l i c a t i o n , scarcely m e n t i o n i n g t h e m or r e f e r r i n g to t h e m as a fallacious i n v e n t i o n or a f a i r y tale. A m o n g l o y a l C h r i s t i a n s , however, the P r o t o c o l s bore f r u i t a n d created a success f o r my book f a r greater than c o u l d have been anticipated, f o r they spread the k n o w l e d g e of the h i d d e n mysteries of o u r time in a wide c i r c l e of those b e l o n g i n g to the C h r i s t i a n f a m i l y . S i n c e then my book, w i t h all the P r o t o c o l s , has appeared in its f o u r t h e d i t i o n ; but only now I learn authoritatively from Jewish sources that these Protocols are nothing else than a strategic plan for the conquest of the world, putting it under the yoke of Israel, the s t r u g g l e r - a g a i n s t - G o d , a plan w o r k e d out by the leaders of the J e w i s h people d u r i n g the m a n y centuries of their 6

T H E PROTOCOLS dispersion, a n d finally presented to the C o u n c i l of E l d e r s by " T h e P r i n c e o f E x i l e , " T h e o d o r H e r t z l , a t the t i m e o f the f i r s t Z i o n i s t C o n g r e s s , s u m m o n e d b y h i m a t B a s l e i n A u g u s t , 1897." A g a i n he writes: " I n what w a y these documents, c o n s t i t u t i n g the H o l y o f H o l i e s of the hopes of I s r a e l , the c e n t u r y - o l d m y s t e r y of its leaders, reached the g e n e r a l mass of the u n i n i t i a t e d has not been ascertained. A s already m e n t i o n e d , they were g i v e n t o me in 1901. In that year, in c i r c u l a r N o . 18, as w e l l as in others dispatched to the Z i o n i s t s on behalf of the Z i o n i s t ' A c t i o n s C o m m i t t e e , ' T h e o d o r H e r t z l stated that c e r t a i n con fidential i n f o r m a t i o n , n o t w i t h s t a n d i n g the a d m o n i t i o n , has not been kept secret, a n d has been g i v e n undesirable p u b l i c i t y . " 1

F i n a l l y M r . N i l u s declares: " T h e P r o t o c o l s are signed b y the Z i o n i s t Representatives o f the 3 3 r d ( h i g h e s t ) D e g r e e o f I n i t i a t i o n . These Protocols were secretly r e m o v e d f r o m the complete file of P r o t o c o l s w h i c h , as we n o w k n o w , p e r t a i n e d to the first Z i o n i s t C o n g r e s s , h e l d i n Basle i n A u g u s t , 1897. A l l this was taken f r o m the secret vaults at the m a i n Z i o n i s t office w h i c h , at present, is located i n F r e n c h t e r r i t o r y . " I n 1918 the " P r o t o c o l s " were again p u b l i s h e d i n R u s s i a n b y a book p u b l i s h i n g f i r m , " T h e S e n t i n e l " a t N o v o c h e r k a s s k , South Russia. T h e pamphlet referred t o bears the title " Z i o n i s t P r o t o c o l s . T h e plans for the C o n q u e s t o f the U n i verse by the J u d o - M a s o n s . " In the i n t r o d u c t i o n to the p a m phlet it is s t a t e d : " T h e ' P r o t o c o l s ' are a p r o g r a m c a r e f u l l y w o r k e d out in a l l its details f o r the conquest of the universe by the J e w s . T h e greater part of this p r o g r a m has already been realized, and if we w i l l not come back to o u r senses, we are inevitably d o o m e d . " In the c o n c l u d i n g part of this i n t r o d u c t i o n the publishers state a s f o l l o w s : " T h e ' P r o t o c o l s , ' indeed, are not o n l y the key to o u r first unsuccessful r e v o l u t i o n , but they are also the key to the second, in w h i c h J e w r y played such a sinister rôle for R u s s i a . . . . F o r us, w h o are witnesses of the self-destruction of R u s s i a , f o r us w h o hope for her regeneration, this document is all the m o r e significant as it discloses the means of the enemies of C h r i s t e n d o m f o r o u r enslavement. O n l y after h a v i n g obtained the k n o w l e d g e of the means it m a y become possible to successfully combat the enemies of C h r i s t a n d of C h r i s t i a n c u l t u r e . " T h e r e is not, a n d in the nature of the case there h a r d l y can " A c t i o n s C o m m i t t e e " has the same m e a n i n g as E x e c u t i v e C o m mittee. 7 1

T H E PROTOCOLS be, any direct evidence as to the authenticity of the P r o t o c o l s . T h e r e is, however, a considerable body of facts h a v i n g a b e a r i n g u p o n this question w h i c h the publishers of this book p u t before the reader, l e a v i n g h i m to d r a w his o w n conclusions. T h e facts to w h i c h we refer m a y be r o u g h l y g r o u p e d under three h e a d s : (a) T h e r e is a r e m a r k a b l e s i m i l a r i t y between the policies of destruction o u t l i n e d in the P r o t o c o l s and the actual measures of destruction put into effect by the B o l s h e v i s t régime in R u s s i a , a n d there is evidence that this régime is u n d e r the c o n t r o l of J e w i s h leaders. (b) T h e r e is also a s t r i k i n g p a r a l l e l i s m between certain passages in the P r o t o c o l s and the statements of recognized J e w i s h leaders, both r e l i g i o u s and p o l i t i c a l , a p p e a r i n g i n their p u b l i s h e d w r i t i n g s a n d speeches. ( c ) F i n a l l y , c e r t a i n J e w i s h activities outside o f R u s s i a c o i n cide in a r e m a r k a b l e degree w i t h certain parts of the P r o t o c o l s . I n P a r t T w o o f this v o l u m e evidence u n d e r these v a r i o u s heads is set f o r t h . T h i s evidence, h o w e v e r , can be i n t e l l i g e n t l y considered o n l y after a careful study of the Protocols themselves, a t r a n s l a t i o n of w h i c h appears in the f o l l o w i n g pages, preceded by a short s u m m a r y p r e p a r e d f o r the convenience of the reader. SUMMARY

THE

PROTOCOLS

T h e title u n d e r w h i c h the P r o t o c o l s are presented i n M r . N i l u s ' s text, a c c o r d i n g t o the literal t r a n s l a t i o n f r o m the Russian, is: "PROTOCOLS O F T H E M E E T I N G S O F T H E ZIONIST M E N O F WISDOM"

T h e w o r d " P r o t o c o l s " can b e used i n several senses, but i n the present case the context w o u l d indicate that the w o r d means s i m p l y the w r i t t e n minutes of certain meetings — i.e. meetings o f the Z i o n i s t M e n o f W i s d o m . T h e arrangement is in t w e n t y - f o u r separate P r o t o c o l s , each P r o t o c o l apparently r e c o r d i n g the contents of an address to the m e e t i n g by one of its members. T h e context w o u l d also indicate that a l l the addresses were d e l i v e r e d by the same person, a n d it s h o u l d also be noted that each P r o t o c o l deals w i t h a m o r e or less distinct part of one complete subject, l i k e the chapter of a book. 8

T H E PROTOCOLS In the first P r o t o c o l it is stated that the speaker undertakes t o f o r m u l a t e " o u r s y s t e m both f r o m o u r point o f v i e w and f r o m that o f the G o y s . " The word " G o y s " or " G o y i m s " is a n o l d H e b r e w w o r d s i g n i f y i n g Gentiles, o r persons w h o are not J e w s . A l l o f the f o l l o w i n g P r o t o c o l s , whether they are the utterances of the same person w h o speaks in the first P r o tocol or not, are a c o n t i n u a t i o n of the same general subject. T a k i n g the set of documents as a whole, they clearly p u r port to f o r m u l a t e a strategic plan for u n i t e d a c t i o n of the J e w s as a n a t i o n , or a people, to obtain c e r t a i n ends. These ends are n o t h i n g less than complete p o l i t i c a l a n d r e l i g i o u s d o m i n a t i o n of the w o r l d . T h e means by w h i c h this u n i v e r s a l d o m i n a t i o n is to be achieved are set f o r t h w i t h great clearness and considerable elaboration. T h e document as a whole is of the most e x t r a o r d i n a r y character, a n d w h i l e to some readers it may seem f a n a t i c a l or v i s i o n a r y , others w i l l be more impressed w i t h its p r o f o u n d cleverness, w i t h the c o l d l o g i c of the r e a s o n i n g , a n d w i t h the general orderliness o f statement a n d a r g u m e n t , i n d i c a t i n g that the w o r k , whatever the u n d e r l y i n g m o t i v e m a y be, is the result of c a r e f u l t h o u g h t and m a t u r e d e l i b e r a t i o n . T h e strategic p l a n o f action i s M a c h i a v e l l i a n a n d ruthless in the extreme, a n d is expressly f o u n d e d on the p r o p o s i t i o n s that " m i g h t i s r i g h t " a n d that " p o l i t i c s have n o t h i n g i n c o m mon with morals." It is also e x p l i c i t l y stated that the end in v i e w is to "subjugate a l l g o v e r n m e n t to o u r s u p e r - g o v e r n ment," and the J e w i s h super-government is to be an autocracy w i t h a J e w i s h S o v e r e i g n at its head. B r i e f l y s u m m a r i z e d , the means b y w h i c h this w o r l d d o m i n a t i o n is to be achieved are as f o l l o w s : 1. T h e national p o w e r of n o n - J e w i s h states is to be b r o k e n d o w n by the f o m e n t i n g of i n t e r n a l revolutions t h r o u g h ap peals to class h a t r e d , a n d by pretended efforts to obtain greater freedom and p r i v i l e g e s for c e r t a i n classes of the people, u s i n g the w o r d s " l i b e r t y , equality, a n d f r a t e r n i t y " merely a s catch w o r d s t o g a i n r e c r u i t s f o r the J e w i s h cause. Autocratic gov ernments, w h i c h alone are s t r o n g , must be weakened in the f i r s t instance b y the i n t r o d u c t i o n o f l i b e r a l i s m , w h i c h w i l l pave the w a y to anarchy. 2 . A l l w a r s must b e " s h i f t e d t o a n economic basis," a l l o w i n g n o t e r r i t o r i a l advantages t o result f r o m w a r , a n d thus 9

T H E PROTOCOLS t e n d i n g to m a k e the J e w i s h c o n t r o l of w e a l t h the d e t e r m i n i n g factor i n w a r . 3. T h e J e w i s h i n t e r n a t i o n a l r i g h t s are to be strengthened at the expense of the n a t i o n a l rights of the several G e n t i l e nations. 4. T h e n o n - J e w i s h states are to be f u r t h e r weakened by p r o m o t i n g false and c o n f l i c t i n g p o l i t i c a l p o l i c i e s ; by obtainÂ i n g secret c o n t r o l o v e r the actions of p u b l i c officials; by m a n i p u l a t i o n of the press, a n d by the g r a d u a l e l i m i n a t i o n of free speech. 5. T h e a u t h o r i t y of g o v e r n m e n t s where l i b e r a l i s m p r e v a i l s is to be weakened by the destruction of r e l i g i o n ( o t h e r than the J e w i s h r e l i g i o n ) , since it is the conservative and m o r a l force w h i c h makes l i b e r a l g o v e r n m e n t s possible. 6. In order to overcome the resistance of those states w h i c h are u n w i l l i n g to m a k e s u b m i s s i o n to the new J e w i s h power, there must be no hesitation in r e s o r t i n g to violence, c u n n i n g , h y p o c r i s y , b r i b e r y , f r a u d , a n d treason, or to the seizure of the p r o p e r t y of others. 7. T h e destruction of the social and economic s t r u c t u r e of C h r i s t i a n states w i l l also be b r o u g h t about by the destruction o f i n d u s t r i a l prosperity, t h r o u g h speculation a n d constant strikes, " t h r o w i n g masses o f w o r k m e n out o f employment," a r t i f i c i a l l y r a i s i n g wages, thus i n c r e a s i n g the cost of the necessaries of l i f e , a n d finally by b r i n g i n g about a general economic crisis a n d the d i s o r g a n i z a t i o n of financial systems. T h e financial strength of the v a r i o u s n o n - J e w i s h states w i l l also be u n d e r m i n e d by c a u s i n g them to o v e r b u r d e n themselves w i t h f o r e i g n and n a t i o n a l loans on an ever i n c r e a s i n g scale, w h i c h w i l l u l t i m a t e l y lead t o b a n k r u p t c y . 8. U p o n the social a n d p o l i t i c a l chaos created by these v a r i o u s means a J e w i s h d i c t a t o r s h i p is to be g r a d u a l l y b u i l t u p , p r i n c i p a l l y t h r o u g h the " t e r r i b l e " J e w i s h p o w e r o f the purse and t h r o u g h the other great J e w i s h p o w e r s of c o n t r o l o v e r the press a n d over the r e v o l u t i o n a r y labor movement. 9 . D u r i n g the p e r i o d o f t r a n s i t i o n f r o m G e n t i l e t o J e w i s h p o l i t i c a l c o n t r o l in every state there w i l l be a secret g o v e r n m e n t by the J e w s , b r o u g h t about t h r o u g h the m a n i p u l a t i o n of the press, m i s l e a d i n g p u b l i c o p i n i o n , mass t e r r o r , w e a k e n i n g the i n i t i a t i v e of the Gentiles, m i s d i r e c t i n g t h e i r education, and s o w i n g d i s c o r d a m o n g them. 10

Protocols of the Meetings of the Zionist M e n o f W i s d o m PROTOCOL N O . I

E T u s put aside phraseology and discuss the i n n e r m e a n i n g of every t h o u g h t ; by c o m p a r i s o n s a n d deductions let us i l l u m i n a t e the s i t u a t i o n . In this way I w i l l describe o u r sys tem, both f r o m o u r o w n point of v i e w and f r o m that of the GOYS.

It must be remembered that people w i t h base instincts are m o r e n u m e r o u s t h a n those w i t h noble o n e s ; therefore, the best results i n g o v e r n i n g are achieved t h r o u g h violence and i n t i m i dation and not t h r o u g h academic discussion. Every man seeks p o w e r ; every one w o u l d l i k e to become a dictator if he possibly c o u l d ; a n d rare indeed are those w h o w o u l d not sacri fice the c o m m o n g o o d in o r d e r to attain personal advantage. W h a t has restrained the w i l d beasts we c a l l m e n ? W h a t has influenced t h e m heretofore? In the early stages of social life they submitted to brute and b l i n d f o r c e ; a f t e r w a r d s — to the L a w , w h i c h is the same force but d i s g u i s e d . I deduce f r o m this that a c c o r d i n g to the laws o f nature, r i g h t lies i n m i g h t . P o l i t i c a l freedom is not a fact but an idea. O n e must k n o w h o w to employ this idea when it becomes necessary to attract p o p u l a r forces to one's p a r t y by mental allurement if it plans to c r u s h the party in p o w e r . T h e task is made easier if the op ponent h i m s e l f has c o n t r a d i c t e d the idea of freedom, the socalled l i b e r a l i s m , a n d f o r the sake of the idea yields his power. It is precisely here that the t r i u m p h of o u r theory becomes ap p a r e n t : the r e l i n q u i s h e d reins of p o w e r are, a c c o r d i n g to the l a w s of nature, i m m e d i a t e l y seized by a new h a n d because the 1

The

G O Y S — the

Gentiles.

T H E PROTOCOLS b l i n d force of the people cannot r e m a i n w i t h o u t a leader even f o r one day, a n d the new p o w e r merely replaces the o l d , weakened by l i b e r a l i s m . In o u r day the power of gold has replaced l i b e r a l rulers. T h e r e was a time when faith r u l e d . T h e idea of freedom can not be realized because no one k n o w s h o w to make reasonable use of it. G i v e the people self-government f o r a short time and i t w i l l become c o r r u p t e d . F r o m that v e r y m o m e n t strife begins and soon develops into social struggles, as a result of w h i c h states are set aflame and their a u t h o r i t y is reduced to ashes. W h e t h e r the state is exhausted by i n t e r n a l c o n v u l s i o n s , or whether c i v i l w a r s d e l i v e r it into the hands of e x t e r n a l ene mies, in either case it can be regarded as hopelessly l o s t : it is in o u r p o w e r . T h e despotism of capital, w h i c h is entirely in o u r hands, holds out to it a s t r a w w h i c h the state must g r a s p , a l t h o u g h against its w i l l , or otherwise f a l l into the abyss. T o h i m w h o , because o f his l i b e r a l i n c l i n a t i o n s , w o u l d con tend that a r g u m e n t s of this k i n d are i m m o r a l , I w o u l d p r o p o u n d the q u e s t i o n : If a state has t w o enemies, a n d if against the e x t e r n a l enemy it is p e r m i t t e d a n d it is not considered i m m o r a l to use a l l methods of w a r f a r e , and as a protective measure not to acquaint the enemy w i t h the plans of attack, such as n i g h t attacks or attacks w i t h s u p e r i o r forces, then w h y should the same methods be r e g a r d e d as i m m o r a l when a p p l i e d to a w o r s e foe, a transgressor against social o r d e r and prosperity? H o w can a s o u n d and l o g i c a l m i n d hope successfully to g u i d e the masses by means of reasonable persuasion or by a r g u m e n t s if there is a possibility of c o n t r a d i c t i o n , even t h o u g h unreasonable, but w h i c h may appear more attractive to the superficially t h i n k i n g masses? G u i d e d e n t i r e l y by shal l o w passions, superstitions, customs, t r a d i t i o n s , a n d sentimental theories, the people in and of the m o b become e m b r o i l e d in party dissensions w h i c h prevent all p o s s i b i l i t y of an agree ment, even t h o u g h it be on a basis of perfectly s o u n d reasoning. E v e r y decision of the mob depends upon the accidental or p r e a r r a n g e d m a j o r i t y , w h i c h , o w i n g to its i g n o r a n c e of polit ical secrets, pronounces a b s u r d decisions, thus i n t r o d u c i n g the seeds of a n a r c h y into the g o v e r n m e n t . 12

T H E PROTOCOLS P o l i t i c s have n o t h i n g i n c o m m o n w i t h m o r a l s . T h e r u l e r g u i d e d by m o r a l i t y is not a s k i l l e d p o l i t i c i a n , a n d consequently he is not firm on his throne. He w h o desires to r u l e must resort t o c u n n i n g a n d h y p o c r i s y . T h e great p o p u l a r qualities — honesty a n d f r a n k n e s s — become vices in politics, as they dethrone more surely a n d m o r e c e r t a i n l y than the most p o w e r f u l enemy. T h e s e qualities must b e the attributes o f G O Y c o u n t r i e s ; but we by no means s h o u l d be g u i d e d by t h e m . O u r r i g h t lies i n m i g h t . T h e w o r d " r i g h t " i s a n abstract idea, unsusceptible o f p r o o f . T h i s w o r d means n o t h i n g more t h a n : G i v e me what I desire so that I may have evidence that I am stronger t h a n y o u . W h e r e does r i g h t b e g i n ? W h e r e does it e n d ? In a state w i t h a p o o r l y o r g a n i z e d g o v e r n m e n t a n d where the laws are i n s i g n i f i c a n t , and the r u l e r has lost his d i g n i t y as the result of the a c c u m u l a t i o n of liberal r i g h t s , I find a new r i g h t , namely, the r i g h t of m i g h t to destroy a l l e x i s t i n g o r d e r and institutions, to lay hands on the l a w , to alter a l l i n s t i t u t i o n s , and to become the r u l e r of those who have v o l u n t a r i l y , l i b e r a l l y renounced f o r o u r benefit the r i g h t s to their o w n p o w e r . W i t h the present i n s t a b i l i t y o f a l l a u t h o r i t y o u r p o w e r w i l l be more unassailable t h a n any other, because it w i l l be i n v i s i b l e u n t i l it is so w e l l rooted that no c u n n i n g can u n d e r m i n e it. F r o m t e m p o r a r y e v i l t o w h i c h w e are n o w o b l i g e d t o have recourse w i l l emerge the g o o d of an unshakable g o v e r n m e n t , w h i c h w i l l reinstate the o r d e r l y f u n c t i o n i n g of the m e c h a n i s m o f p o p u l a r existence n o w i n t e r r u p t e d b y l i b e r a l i s m . T h e end justifies the means. I n l a y i n g o u r plans w e must t u r n o u r attention not so m u c h to the g o o d a n d m o r a l as to the neces sary and u s e f u l . B e f o r e us lies a p l a n in w h i c h a strategic line is s h o w n , f r o m w h i c h we must not deviate on p a i n of r i s k i n g the collapse of m a n y centuries of w o r k . In w o r k i n g out an expedient p l a n of action it is necessary to take into c o n s i d e r a t i o n the meanness, v a c i l l a t i o n , change a b i l i t y of the mob, its i n a b i l i t y to appreciate a n d respect the conditions of its o w n existence and of its o w n w e l l - b e i n g . It is necessary to realize that the p o w e r of the masses is b l i n d , u n r e a s o n i n g , and v o i d of d i s c r i m i n a t i o n , prone to listen to r i g h t a n d left. T h e b l i n d m a n cannot g u i d e the b l i n d w i t h o u t b r i n g i n g t h e m to the a b y s s ; consequently, members of the c r o w d , upstarts f r o m the people, even were they m e n of 13

T H E PROTOCOLS genius but incompetent in leaders of the m o b w i t h o u t O n l y the person p r e p a r e d u n d e r s t a n d the w o r d s w h i c h

politics, cannot step f o r w a r d as r u i n i n g the entire n a t i o n . f r o m c h i l d h o o d t o autocracy can are f o r m e d by p o l i t i c a l letters.

T h e people left to themselves, that is to upstarts f r o m a m o n g them, are r u i n e d by p a r t y dissensions created by greed f o r p o w e r a n d h o n o r s , a n d b y the disorders r e s u l t i n g t h e r e f r o m . Is it possible f o r the masses of the people to direct the affairs of the state w i t h o u t r i v a l r y , and w i t h o u t i n t e r j e c t i n g per sonal interests? A r e they capable of p r o t e c t i n g themselves against e x t e r n a l enemies? — T h i s is impossible, since a plan d i v i d e d into as m a n y parts as there are m i n d s in a mob loses its u n i t y , a n d consequently, becomes i n c o m p r e h e n s i b l e and unworkable. O n l y an autocrat can outline great and clear plans w h i c h allocate in an o r d e r l y m a n n e r a l l the parts of the m e c h a n i s m of the g o v e r n m e n t m a c h i n e r y . F r o m this it is concluded that the g o v e r n m e n t w h i c h is the most efficient for the benefit of a c o u n t r y must be concentrated in the hands of one responsible person. C i v i l i z a t i o n cannot exist w i t h o u t absolute despotism, for g o v e r n m e n t is c a r r i e d on not by the masses, but by their leader, w h o e v e r he m a y be. A barbarous c r o w d shows its b a r b a r i s m on every occasion. T h e m o m e n t the m o b grasps l i b e r t y in its h a n d s it is speedily changed to a n a r c h y , w h i c h is in itself the height of b a r b a r i s m . L o o k at those beasts, steeped in a l c o h o l , stupefied by w i n e , the u n l i m i t e d use of w h i c h is granted by liberty. S u r e l y y o u cannot a l l o w o u r o w n people to come to this. T h e people o f the G O Y S are stupefied b y s p i r i t u o u s l i q u o r s ; their y o u t h is d r i v e n insane t h r o u g h excessive study of the classics, a n d vice to w h i c h they have been instigated by o u r agents — tutors, valets, governesses — in r i c h houses, by clerks, and so f o r t h , a n d by o u r w o m e n in the pleasure places of the Goys. A m o n g the latter I include the so-called " s o c i e t y w o m e n , " their v o l u n t e e r f o l l o w e r s i n vice a n d l u x u r y . O u r motto i s P o w e r and H y p o c r i s y . O n l y p o w e r can con quer in politics, especially if it is concealed in talents w h i c h are necessary to statesmen. V i o l e n c e must be the p r i n c i p l e ; h y p o c r i s y and c u n n i n g the r u l e of those g o v e r n m e n t s w h i c h do not w i s h to lay d o w n their c r o w n s at the feet of the agents of some new p o w e r . T h i s e v i l is the sole means of a t t a i n i n g 14

T H E PROTOCOLS the g o a l of g o o d . F o r this reason we b r i b e r y , f r a u d , a n d treason w h e n these o u r end. In p o l i t i c s it is necessary to others w i t h o u t hesitation i f i n s o d o i n g and power.

m u s t not hesitate at c a n help us to reach seize the p r o p e r t y of we attain submission

O u r g o v e r n m e n t , f o l l o w i n g the line o f peaceful conquest, has the r i g h t to substitute f o r the h o r r o r s of w a r less noticeÂ able a n d m o r e efficient executions, these b e i n g necessary to keep up t e r r o r , w h i c h induces b l i n d s u b m i s s i o n . A j u s t but i n e x o r a b l e strictness is the greatest factor of g o v e r n m e n t a l p o w e r . W e must f o l l o w a p r o g r a m o f violence a n d h y p o c r i s y , not o n l y f o r the sake of profit, but also as a duty a n d for the sake of v i c t o r y . A doctrine based on c a l c u l a t i o n is as potent as the means employed by it. T h a t is w h y not o n l y by these v e r y means, but by the severity of o u r doctrines, we shall t r i u m p h a n d shall enslave a l l g o v e r n m e n t s u n d e r o u r super-government. E v e n i n olden times w e shouted a m o n g the people the w o r d s " L i b e r t y , Equality, and Fraternity." T h e s e w o r d s have been repeated so m a n y times since by unconscious p a r r o t s , w h i c h , f l o c k i n g f r o m a l l sides to the bait, have r u i n e d the prosperity o f the w o r l d a n d true i n d i v i d u a l f r e e d o m , f o r m e r l y so w e l l protected f r o m the pressure of the mob. T h e w o u l d - b e clever a n d intelligent G o y s d i d not discern the s y m b o l i s m of the uttered w o r d s ; d i d not notice the c o n t r a d i c t i o n in the m e a n i n g a n d the connection between t h e m ; d i d not notice that there is no equality in n a t u r e ; that there can be no liberty, since nature herself has established i n e q u a l i t y of m i n d , charÂ acter, and a b i l i t y , as w e l l as subjection to her laws. They d i d not reason that the p o w e r of the mob is b l i n d ; that the upstarts selected f o r g o v e r n m e n t are just as b l i n d in politics as is the mob itself, whereas the i n i t i a t e d m a n , even t h o u g h a f o o l , is capable of r u l i n g , w h i l e the u n i n i t i a t e d , a l t h o u g h a genius, w i l l u n d e r s t a n d n o t h i n g o f politics. A l l this has been o v e r l o o k e d b y the G O Y S .

M e a n w h i l e dynastic g o v e r n m e n t has been based u p o n this, that the father passed to his son the k n o w l e d g e of the course of p o l i t i c a l e v o l u t i o n , so that nobody except the members of the dynasty c o u l d possess this k n o w l e d g e , a n d no one c o u l d disclose the secrets to the g o v e r n e d people. In the course of time the m e a n i n g of the dynastic t r a n s m i s s i o n of the true 15

T H E PROTOCOLS u n d e r s t a n d i n g of politics has been lost, thus c o n t r i b u t i n g to the success of o u r cause. I n a l l parts o f the w o r l d the w o r d s " L i b e r t y , E q u a l i t y , and F r a t e r n i t y " have b r o u g h t whole legions into o u r ranks t h r o u g h o u r b l i n d agents, c a r r y i n g o u r banners w i t h delight. Mean w h i l e these w o r d s were w o r m s w h i c h r u i n e d the p r o s p e r i t y of the G O Y S , e v e r y w h e r e d e s t r o y i n g peace, quiet, a n d solidar ity, u n d e r m i n i n g a l l the foundations o f their states. Y o u w i l l see subsequently that this aided o u r t r i u m p h , for it also gave us, among other things, the opportunity to grasp the trump card, the abolition of privileges; in other words, the very essence of the aristocracy of the GOYS, which was the only protection of peoples and countries against us. O n the r u i n s o f n a t u r a l a n d hereditary aristocracy w e built a n aristocracy o f o u r intellectual c l a s s — t h e money aristocracy. W e have established this new aristocracy o n the qualification of w e a l t h , w h i c h is dependent upon us, a n d also u p o n science, w h i c h is p r o m o t e d by o u r wise men. O u r t r i u m p h was also made easier because, t h r o u g h o u r connections w i t h people w h o were indispensable to us, we always p l a y e d u p o n the most sensitive chords of the h u m a n m i n d , namely, greed, and the insatiable selfish desires of m a n . E a c h of these h u m a n weaknesses taken separately is capable of k i l l i n g i n i t i a t i v e a n d of p l a c i n g the w i l l of the people at the disposal of the b u y e r of their activities. A b s t r a c t l i b e r t y offered the o p p o r t u n i t y f o r c o n v i n c i n g the masses that g o v e r n m e n t is n o t h i n g but the m a n a g e r represent i n g the o w n e r of the country, namely, the people, and that this m a n a g e r can be d i s c a r d e d l i k e a p a i r of w o r n - o u t gloves. T h e fact that the representatives of the n a t i o n can be de posed, delivers t h e m into o u r p o w e r and p r a c t i c a l l y places t h e i r appointment i n o u r hands.

PROTOCOL N O . II

T is necessary f o r us that w a r s , whenever possible, s h o u l d b r i n g n o t e r r i t o r i a l a d v a n t a g e s ; this w i l l shift w a r t o a n economic basis a n d force nations to realize the strength of o u r p r e d o m i n a n c e ; such a situation w i l l put both sides at the m e r c y o f o u r m i l l i o n - e y e d international agency, w h i c h w i l l b e 16

T H E PROTOCOLS unhampered by any frontiers. T h e n our international rights w i l l d o a w a y w i t h n a t i o n a l r i g h t s , i n a l i m i t e d sense, a n d w i l l rule the peoples in the same w a y as the c i v i l p o w e r of each state regulates the r e l a t i o n of its subjects a m o n g themselves. T h e a d m i n i s t r a t o r s chosen by us f r o m a m o n g the people i n accordance w i t h t h e i r capacity f o r s e r v i l i t y w i l l not b e ex perienced in the a r t of g o v e r n m e n t , and consequently they w i l l easily become p a w n s in o u r game, in the hands of o u r scien tists and wise counselors, specialists t r a i n e d f r o m early c h i l d hood f o r g o v e r n i n g the w o r l d . A s y o u are aware, these specialists have obtained the k n o w l e d g e necessary f o r g o v e r n ment f r o m o u r p o l i t i c a l plans, f r o m the study o f h i s t o r y , a n d f r o m the observation of every p a s s i n g event. T h e G O Y S are not g u i d e d by the practice of i m p a r t i a l h i s t o r i c a l o b s e r v a t i o n , but by theoretical r o u t i n e w i t h o u t any c r i t i c a l r e g a r d f o r its results. T h e r e f o r e , w e need g i v e them n o c o n s i d e r a t i o n . U n t i l the time comes let t h e m amuse themselves, or live in the hope of new amusements or in the m e m o r i e s of those past. Let that play the most i m p o r t a n t part f o r them w h i c h we have induced them to r e g a r d as the laws of science ( t h e o r y ) . F o r this purpose, by means of o u r press, we increase t h e i r b l i n d faith i n these laws. Intelligent G O Y S w i l l boast of t h e i r k n o w l e d g e , and v e r i f y i n g i t l o g i c a l l y they w i l l put into p r a c tice all scientific i n f o r m a t i o n c o m p i l e d by o u r agents f o r the purpose of e d u c a t i n g t h e i r m i n d s in the d i r e c t i o n w h i c h we require. D o not t h i n k that o u r assertions are w i t h o u t f o u n d a t i o n : note the successes o f D a r w i n i s m , M a r x i s m , a n d N i e t z s c h e i s m , engineered by us. T h e d e m o r a l i z i n g effects of these doctrines u p o n the m i n d s of the G O Y S s h o u l d be already o b v i o u s to us. It is essential that we take into c o n s i d e r a t i o n the m o d e r n ideas, temperaments, a n d tendencies of peoples in o r d e r that n o mistakes i n p o l i t i c s a n d i n g u i d i n g a d m i n i s t r a t i v e affairs m a y be made. T h e t r i u m p h of o u r system, parts of whose m e c h a n i s m must be adapted in accordance w i t h the t e m p e r a ment of the peoples w i t h w h o m we come in contact, cannot be realized unless its p r a c t i c a l application is based u p o n a resume of the past as related to the present. There is one great force in the hands of modern states which arouses thought movements among the people. That is the press. T h e rôle of the press is to indicate necessary demands, 17

T H E PROTOCOLS to register c o m p l a i n t s of the people, a n d to express a n d foment dissatisfaction. T h e t r i u m p h o f free b a b b l i n g i s incarnated in the p r e s s ; but g o v e r n m e n t s were unable to profit by this p o w e r and it has fallen into our hands. T h r o u g h it we have attained influence, w h i l e r e m a i n i n g i n the b a c k g r o u n d . T h a n k s to the press, we have gathered g o l d in o u r hands, a l t h o u g h we h a d to take it f r o m r i v e r s of blood a n d tears. B u t it cost us the sacrifice of m a n y of o u r o w n people. E v e r y sacrifice on o u r part is w o r t h a t h o u s a n d G o y s before God.

PROTOCOL N O . I I I

O - D A Y I can tell y o u that o u r g o a l is close at h a n d . O n l y a s m a l l distance r e m a i n s , a n d the cycle of the Symbolic Serpent — the s y m b o l of o u r people — w i l l be complete. W h e n this c i r c l e is completed, then a l l the E u r o p e a n states w i l l be enclosed in it as in s t r o n g claws.

T h e m o d e r n c o n s t i t u t i o n a l scales w i l l soon t i p over, for w e have set them inaccurately, thus i n s u r i n g an unsteady balance f o r the purpose o f w e a r i n g out t h e i r holder. The Goys t h o u g h t it h a d been sufficiently s t r o n g l y made a n d hoped that the scales w o u l d r e g a i n their e q u i l i b r i u m , but the h o l d e r — the r u l e r — is screened f r o m the people by his representatives, w h o f r i t t e r a w a y t h e i r time, c a r r i e d a w a y b y t h e i r u n c o n t r o l l e d a n d irresponsible a u t h o r i t y . T h e i r p o w e r , m o r e o v e r , has been built up on t e r r o r i s m spread t h r o u g h the palaces. U n a b l e to reach the hearts of t h e i r people, the r u l e r s cannot unite w i t h them to g a i n strength against the usurpers of p o w e r . T h e v i s i b l e p o w e r o f r o y a l t y a n d the b l i n d p o w e r o f the masses, separated by us, have both lost significance, f o r separated, they are as helpless as the b l i n d m a n w i t h o u t a stick. To induce the lovers of a u t h o r i t y to abuse t h e i r p o w e r , we have placed a l l the forces in opposition to each other, h a v i n g developed t h e i r l i b e r a l tendencies t o w a r d s independence. W e have e x c i t e d different f o r m s of i n i t i a t i v e in that d i r e c t i o n ; we have a r m e d a l l the p a r t i e s ; we have made a u t h o r i t y the target o f a l l a m b i t i o n s . W e have opened the arenas i n different states, where revolts are n o w o c c u r r i n g , and disorders and bankruptcy will shortly appear everywhere. 18

T H E PROTOCOLS U n r e s t r a i n e d babblers have converted p a r l i a m e n t a r y ses sions a n d a d m i n i s t r a t i v e meetings into o r a t o r i c a l contests. D a r i n g j o u r n a l i s t s , i m p u d e n t pamphleteers, m a k e d a i l y attacks on the a d m i n i s t r a t i v e personnel. T h e abuse of p o w e r is defi nitely p r e p a r i n g the d o w n f a l l o f a l l institutions a n d every t h i n g w i l l be o v e r t u r n e d by the blows of the i n f u r i a t e d mobs. T h e people are s h a c k l e d by p o v e r t y to heavy labor more surely than they were b y s l a v e r y a n d s e r f d o m . T h e y could liberate themselves f r o m those in one w a y or another, whereas they cannot free themselves f r o m m i s e r y . W e have i n c l u d e d in constitutions rights w h i c h f o r the people are f i c t i t i o u s and are not actual r i g h t s . A l l the so-called " r i g h t s of the p e o p l e " can exist o n l y in the abstract a n d can never be realized in practice. W h a t difference does it make to the t o i l i n g p r o l e t a r i a n , bent double by heavy t o i l , oppressed by his fate, that the babblers receive the r i g h t to talk, j o u r n a l ists the r i g h t to m i x nonsense w i t h reason in their w r i t i n g s , if the proletariat has no other g a i n f r o m the c o n s t i t u t i o n than the miserable c r u m b s w h i c h w e t h r o w f r o m o u r table i n r e t u r n for his vote to elect o u r agents. R e p u b l i c a n rights are bitter i r o n y to the poor m a n , f o r the necessity of almost d a i l y labor prevents h i m f r o m u s i n g t h e m , a n d at the same time deprives h i m of his guarantee of a permanent a n d certain l i v e l i h o o d by m a k i n g h i m dependent u p o n strikes, o r g a n i z e d either by his masters or by his comrades. U n d e r o u r g u i d a n c e the people have e x t e r m i n a t e d aristoc racy, w h i c h was t h e i r n a t u r a l protector a n d g u a r d i a n , f o r its o w n interests are inseparably connected w i t h the w e l l - b e i n g of the people. N o w , h o w e v e r , w i t h the destruction of this aristocracy the masses have fallen u n d e r the p o w e r of the profiteers a n d c u n n i n g upstarts, w h o have settled on the w o r k e r s as a merciless b u r d e n . W e w i l l present ourselves i n the guise o f saviors o f the w o r k e r s f r o m this oppression w h e n we suggest that they enter o u r a r m y o f Socialists, A n a r c h i s t s , C o m m u n i s t s , t o w h o m w e always extend o u r help, u n d e r the guise of the rule of brother hood demanded by the h u m a n s o l i d a r i t y of o u r social masonry. T h e aristocracy w h i c h benefited by the l a b o r of the people by r i g h t was interested that the w o r k e r s s h o u l d be w e l l fed, healthy, and s t r o n g . W e , on the c o n t r a r y , are concerned in the opposite — in the 19

T H E PROTOCOLS degeneration o f the G O Y S . O u r power lies i n the c h r o n i c m a l n u t r i t i o n a n d i n the weakness o f the w o r k e r , because t h r o u g h this he falls u n d e r o u r p o w e r and is unable to find either strength or energy to combat it. H u n g e r gives t o capital greater p o w e r over the w o r k e r than the legal a u t h o r i t y of the sovereign ever gave to the aristoc racy. T h r o u g h m i s e r y a n d the r e s u l t i n g jealous h a t r e d w e m a n i p u l a t e the m o b a n d c r u s h those w h o stand in o u r way. When the time comes for our universal ruler to be crowned, the same hands will sweep away everything which may be an obstacle in our way. T h e G O Y S are n o l o n g e r accustomed t o t h i n k w i t h o u t o u r scientific advice. Consequently, they do not see the i m perative need of u p h o l d i n g that w h i c h we w i l l sustain by all means when o u r k i n g d o m is established, n a m e l y , the t e a c h i n g in the schools of the only true science, the first of all sciences — the science of the construction of human life, of social existence, which requires the division of labor and, consequently, the separation of people into classes and castes. It is neces sary that a l l s h o u l d k n o w that equality cannot exist, owing to the different nature of various kinds of work; that there can not be the same r e s p o n s i b i l i t y before the law in the case of an i n d i v i d u a l w h o by his actions compromises an entire caste and another w h o does not affect a n y t h i n g but his o w n h o n o r . T h e correct science of the social structure, to the secrets of w h i c h we do not a d m i t the G O Y S , w o u l d demonstrate to all that occupation and l a b o r must be differentiated so as not to cause h u m a n s u f f e r i n g by the discrepancy between education and work. T h e study of this science w i l l lead the masses to a v o l u n t a r y s u b m i s s i o n to the authorities and to the g o v e r n mental system o r g a n i z e d by them. W h e r e a s , u n d e r the present state of science, a n d due to the d i r e c t i o n of o u r g u i d a n c e t h e r e i n , the people, in their ignorance, b l i n d l y b e l i e v i n g the p r i n t e d w o r d , a n d o w i n g t o the misconceptions w h i c h have been fostered by us, feel a hatred t o w a r d s a l l classes w h o m they consider s u p e r i o r to themselves, since they do not u n d e r stand the i m p o r t a n c e of each caste. T h i s hatred w i l l be still more accentuated by the economic crisis, w h i c h w i l l stop financial transactions a n d a l l i n d u s t r i a l l i f e . H a v i n g o r g a n i z e d a general economic crisis by a l l pos sible u n d e r h a n d means, and w i t h the help of g o l d w h i c h is a l l 20

T H E PROTOCOLS i n o u r hands, w e w i l l t h r o w great c r o w d s o f w o r k m e n i n t o the street, s i m u l t a n e o u s l y , in a l l countries of E u r o p e . T h e s e c r o w d s w i l l g l a d l y shed the b l o o d o f those o f w h o m they, i n the s i m p l i c i t y of their i g n o r a n c e , have been jealous since c h i l d h o o d and whose p r o p e r t y they w i l l then be able to loot. They will not harm our people because we will know of the time of the attack and we will take measures to protect them. W e have persuaded others that progress w i l l lead the G O Y S into a r e a l m of reason. O u r despotism w i l l be of such a nature that it w i l l be in a position to p a c i f y a l l revolts by wise restrictions and t o e l i m i n a t e l i b e r a l i s m f r o m a l l i n s t i t u t i o n s . W h e n the people saw that they obtained concessions and license in the name of l i b e r t y , they i m a g i n e d that they were the masters, and r u s h e d into p o w e r ; but l i k e every b l i n d per son, they encountered i n n u m e r a b l e obstacles; they rushed to seek a leader, with no thought of returning to the old one, and l a i d p o w e r at o u r feet. R e m e m b e r the F r e n c h R e v o l u t i o n , w h i c h we have called " g r e a t " ; the secrets of its p r e p a r a t i o n are w e l l k n o w n to us, f o r it was the w o r k of o u r hands. Since then we have c a r r i e d the masses f r o m one disappoint ment to another, so that they w i l l renounce even us in f a v o r of a despot sovereign of Zionist blood, whom we are preparing for the world. At present, as an i n t e r n a t i o n a l force, we are i n v u l n e r a b l e , because if we are attacked by one state we are s u p p o r t e d by other states. T h e u n l i m i t e d baseness of the Goy peoples, w h o grovel before force, w h o are pitiless t o w a r d s weakness, w h o are merciless to m i s d e m e a n o r s and lenient to c r i m e s , w h o are u n w i l l i n g to tolerate the contradictions of a free social struc t u r e ; patient unto m a r t y r d o m i n b e a r i n g w i t h the violence of d a r i n g despotism — this is what helps o u r independence. T h e y tolerate and p e r m i t such abuses f r o m t h e i r m o d e r n premiers — dictators — f o r the least of w h i c h they w o u l d be head t w e n t y k i n g s . H o w can such a p h e n o m e n o n be e x p l a i n e d , such an i l l o g i c a l conception on the part of the mass of the people t o w a r d s events of s e e m i n g l y the same n a t u r e ? T h i s p h e n o m e n o n can be e x p l a i n e d by the fact that these dictators t h r o u g h t h e i r agents w h i s p e r to t h e i r people that by these abuses they i n j u r e the states f o r a supreme purpose, n a m e l y , f o r the attainment of the happiness of the people, t h e i r u n i v e r s a l f r a t e r n i t y , s o l i 21

T H E PROTOCOLS d a r i t y , and equality. Of course, they are not t o l d that t h i s u n i f i c a t i o n w i l l b e achieved o n l y under o u r rule. T h u s , the people c o n d e m n the just and acquit the unjust, more a n d m o r e c o n v i n c e d that they can do what they please. O w i n g to t h i s , the people destroy a l l stability a n d create d i s o r d e r on every occasion. T h e w o r d " L i b e r t y " b r i n g s a l l society into conflict w i t h a l l a u t h o r i t y , be it that of G o d or N a t u r e . T h i s is w h y , at the moment o f o u r enthronement, w e shall s t r i k e this w o r d f r o m the d i c t i o n a r y as b e i n g the symbol of b r u t e p o w e r , w h i c h t u r n s the masses into b l o o d t h i r s t y beasts. It is true, h o w Â ever, that these beasts go to sleep as soon as they have d r u n k b l o o d , and then it is easy to shackle t h e m ; but if the b l o o d is not g i v e n to them they w i l l not sleep and w i l l struggle.

PROTOCOL N O . I V

V E R Y republic passes t h r o u g h several stages. The first stage is l i k e the early p e r i o d of insane r a v i n g s of a b l i n d m a n t h r o w i n g h i m s e l f r i g h t a n d left. T h e second i s the d e m a g o g y w h i c h breeds a n a r c h y , w h i c h inevitably leads to despotism, not of a legal a n d open character a n d , consequently, responsible, but an unseen a n d u n k n o w n despotism, no less effective because exercised by some secret o r g a n i z a t i o n , a c t i n g even less c e r e m o n i o u s l y because it is h i d d e n under the cover a n d b e h i n d the backs of different agents. T h e change of these agents w i l l even help the secret o r g a n i z a t i o n s , as it w i l l thus be able to r i d itself of the necessity of s p e n d i n g money to r e w a r d employees of l o n g terms of service. W h o a n d what can o v e r t h r o w a n unseen p o w e r ? F o r such is the character of o u r p o w e r . External Masonry acts as a screen for it and its aims, but the plan of action of this power, and its very headquarters, will always remain unknown to the people. 1

L i b e r t y c o u l d also be harmless and r e m a i n on the state p r o g r a m w i t h o u t detriment to the w e l l - b e i n g of the people T h e reference is probably to those M a s o n i c L o d g e s in C o n t i n e n t a l E u r o p e w h i c h , c o n t r a r y to the fundamental principles of A n g l o - S a x o n L o d g e s , have been converted into quasi political and a n t i - C h r i s t i a n o r Â ganizations. See E n c y c l o p e d i a Britannica, E l e v e n t h E d i t i o n , A r t i c l e "Freemasonry," V o l . X I , p. 84. 1

T H E PROTOCOLS if it were to retain the ideas of the belief in G o d a n d h u m a n f r a t e r n i t y , free f r o m the conception of equality f o r such a c o n 足 ception is in c o n t r a d i c t i o n to the l a w s of nature w h i c h establish subordination. W i t h such a faith the people w o u l d be g o v e r n e d by the g u a r d i a n s of the p a r i s h and w o u l d t h r i v e quietly and obediently u n d e r the guidance of their s p i r i t u a l leader, accepting G o d ' s dispensation on earth. It is f o r this reason that we must u n d e r m i n e f a i t h , t e a r i n g f r o m the m i n d s o f the G o y s the v e r y p r i n c i p l e o f G o d and S o u l , a n d substitut足 i n g mathematical f o r m u l a s a n d m a t e r i a l needs. I n order that the m i n d s of the G O Y S m a y have no t i m e to t h i n k and notice t h i n g s , it is necessary to d i v e r t t h e m in the direction o f i n d u s t r y a n d commerce. T h u s a l l nations w i l l seek their o w n profit, and w h i l e engaged in the s t r u g g l e they w i l l not notice their c o m m o n enemy. B u t i n o r d e r that liberty should finally u n d e r m i n e and r u i n the G O Y ' S society, it is necessary to put i n d u s t r y on a basis of speculation. T h e result of this w i l l be that e v e r y t h i n g , absorbed by i n d u s t r y f r o m the l a n d , w i l l not r e m a i n in the hands of the G o y s , but w i l l be directed towards s p e c u l a t i o n ; that is, it w i l l come into o u r coffers. T h e intense s t r u g g l e f o r supremacy, the shocks to e c o n o m i c l i f e , w i l l create, m o r e o v e r have already created, d i s a p p o i n t e d , c o l d , and heartless societies. T h e s e societies w i l l have c o m 足 plete disgust f o r h i g h politics and r e l i g i o n . T h e i r o n l y g u i d e w i l l be c a l c u l a t i o n , i.e., g o l d , f o r w h i c h they w i l l have a real cult because of the m a t e r i a l delights w h i c h it can supply. It w i l l be at that stage that the l o w e r classes of the G o y s , not f o r the sake of d o i n g g o o d , n o r even for the sake of w e a l t h , but solely because of their h a t r e d t o w a r d s the p r i v i l e g e d , w i l l f o l l o w us against o u r competitors for p o w e r , the intelligent GOYS.

PROTOCOL N O . V

H A T f o r m o f g o v e r n m e n t can b e g i v e n t o societies i n w h i c h b r i b e r y has penetrated everywhere, where riches are obtained o n l y by clever t r i c k s a n d s e m i - f r a u d u l e n t means, where c o r r u p t i o n reigns, where m o r a l i t y is sustained by p u n i 足 tive measures a n d strict l a w s a n d not by v o l u n t a r y acceptance of m o r a l p r i n c i p l e s , where cosmopolitan c o n v i c t i o n s have e l i m i 23

T H E PROTOCOLS nated p a t r i o t i c feelings a n d r e l i g i o n ? W h a t f o r m o f g o v e r n ment can be g i v e n to such societies other t h a n a despotism such as I shall describe? We w i l l create a s t r o n g centralized g o v e r n m e n t , so as to gather the social forces into o u r power. We w i l l mechanically regulate all the functions of p o l i t i c a l l i f e of o u r subjects by new laws. These l a w s w i l l g r a d u a l l y eliminate a l l the con cessions and liberties p e r m i t t e d by the G O Y S . O u r kingdom w i l l be c r o w n e d by such a majestic despotism that it w i l l be able, at a l l times and in a l l places, to c r u s h both a n t a g o n i s t i c and discontented G o y s . We may be t o l d that the despotism o u t l i n e d by me is i n consistent w i t h m o d e r n progress, but I w i l l p r o v e to y o u that the c o n t r a r y is the case. At the time w h e n people considered rulers as an i n c a r n a t i o n of the w i l l of G o d , they subjected themselves w i t h o u t m u r m u r to the autocracy of the s o v e r e i g n s ; but as soon as we i n s p i r e d them w i t h the t h o u g h t of their personal r i g h t s , they began to r e g a r d the r u l e r s a s o r d i n a r y mortals. T h e h o l y anointment fell f r o m the heads of sovereigns in the o p i n i o n of the people; a n d w h e n w e d e p r i v e d t h e m o f their belief i n G o d , then author i t y was t h r o w n into the street, where it became p u b l i c p r o p e r t y a n d was seized by us. M o r e o v e r , the art of g o v e r n i n g the masses a n d i n d i v i d u a l s by means of c u n n i n g l y constructed theories a n d phraseology, by rulers of social l i f e , a n d other devices not u n d e r s t o o d by the G o y s , belongs, a m o n g other faculties, to o u r a d m i n i s t r a t i v e m i n d , w h i c h is educated in analysis and o b s e r v a t i o n , and is also based u p o n s k i l l f u l reason i n g in w h i c h we have no competitors, just as we have none in the p r e p a r a t i o n of plans f o r p o l i t i c a l action and s o l i d a r i t y . O n l y the Jesuits c o u l d be c o m p a r e d to us in t h i s ; but we were able to discredit them in the m i n d of the senseless m o b as a visible o r g a n i z a t i o n , whereas we, w i t h o u r secret o r g a n i z a t i o n , remained in the d a r k . A f t e r a l l , is it not the same to the w o r l d w h o w i l l be its master — whether it be the head of C a t h o l i c i s m o r o u r despot o f Z i o n i s t b l o o d ? T o us, however, the C h o s e n People, it is by no means a matter of indifference. T e m p o r a r i l y , a w o r l d coalition of the G o y s w o u l d be able to h o l d us in check, but we are i n s u r e d against this by roots of dissension so deep a m o n g them that they cannot n o w be extracted. We have set at variance the personal and n a t i o n a l 24

T H E PROTOCOLS interests of the G o y s ; we have incited r e l i g i o u s and race h a t r e d , n u r t u r e d by us in their hearts f o r twenty centuries. O w i n g to a l l this, no state w i l l obtain the help it asks for f r o m any side because each of them w i l l t h i n k that a us w i l l be disadvantageous to it. We are too must be taken into consideration. No country an insignificant private understanding without parties to it.

c o a l i t i o n against p o w e r f u l — we can reach even our being secret

Per me reges regnant — " T h r o u g h me the sovereigns reign." T h e prophets have t o l d us that we were chosen by G o d himself t o r e i g n o v e r the w o r l d . G o d e n d o w e d u s w i t h genius to enable us to cope w i t h the p r o b l e m . W e r e there a genius in the o p p o s i n g c a m p , he w o u l d s t r u g g l e against us, but a n e w c o m e r is not equal to an o l d inhabitant. T h e struggle between us w o u l d be of such a merciless nature as the w o r l d has never seen b e f o r e ; m o r e o v e r their genius w o u l d be too late. A l l the wheels of g o v e r n m e n t m e c h a n i s m move by the ac tion of the m o t o r w h i c h is in o u r hands, a n d that motor is gold. T h e science of p o l i t i c a l economy, invented by o u r wise m e n , has l o n g ago demonstrated the r o y a l prestige of capital. T o attain freedom o f a c t i o n , capital must o b t a i n f r e e d o m t o monopolize i n d u s t r y and t r a d e ; this is already b e i n g done by a n unseen h a n d i n a l l parts o f the w o r l d . S u c h liberty w i l l g i v e p o l i t i c a l p o w e r t o traders, and w i l l a i d i n s u b j u g a t i n g the people. At present it is m o r e i m p o r t a n t to d i s a r m peoples than to lead them to w a r ; it is more i m p o r t a n t to u t i l i z e flam i n g passions f o r o u r purposes than t o e x t i n g u i s h t h e m ; m o r e i m p o r t a n t to g r a s p and interpret the thoughts of others in o u r o w n way t h a n to d i s c a r d them. The most important problem of our government is to weaken the popular mind by criticism; to disaccustom it to thought, which creates opposition; to deflect the power of thought into mere empty eloquence. A t a l l times both peoples and

i n d i v i d u a l s have mistaken

w o r d s f o r deeds, as they are satisfied w i t h the visible, r a r e l y n o t i c i n g whether the p r o m i s e is p e r f o r m e d in the fields of social life. T h e r e f o r e , w e w i l l o r g a n i z e ostensible institutions w h i c h w i l l p r o v e eloquently their g o o d w o r k i n the d i r e c t i o n o f "progress." 25

T H E PROTOCOLS W e w i l l a p p r o p r i a t e t o ourselves the liberal aspect o f a l l parties, o f a l l shades o f o p i n i o n , a n d w e w i l l p r o v i d e o u r orators with the same aspect, and they will talk so much that they will exhaust the people by their speeches and cause them to turn away from orators in disgust. To control public opinion it is necessary to perplex it by the expression of numerous contradictory opinions until the GOYS get lost in the labyrinth, and come to understand that it is best to have no opinion on political questions. S u c h questions are not intended to be u n d e r s t o o d by the people, since o n l y he w h o rules k n o w s them. T h i s is the first secret. T h e second secret necessary f o r the success of g o v e r n i n g consists in so m u l t i p l y i n g p o p u l a r f a i l i n g s , habits, passions, a n d c o n v e n t i o n a l l a w s that no one w i l l be able to disentangle h i m s e l f in the chaos, a n d consequently, people w i l l cease to u n d e r s t a n d each other. T h i s measure w o u l d help us to sow dissension w i t h i n a l l parties, to disintegrate a l l those collective forces w h i c h s t i l l do not w i s h to subjugate themselves to u s ; t o discourage a l l i n d i v i d u a l initiative w h i c h m i g h t i n any degree h a m p e r o u r w o r k . There is nothing more dangerous than individual initiative; if it has a touch of g e n i u s it can a c c o m p l i s h more t h a n a m i l Â l i o n people a m o n g w h o m w e have s o w n dissensions. W e must direct the education of the G O Y societies so that t h e i r arms w i l l d r o p hopelessly w h e n they face every task where i n i Â tiative is r e q u i r e d . T h e intensity of action r e s u l t i n g f r o m i n d i v i d u a l f r e e d o m of action dissipates its force w h e n it enÂ counters another person's f r e e d o m . T h i s results i n heavy blows at morale, disappointments a n d f a i l u r e s . We will so tire the GOYS by all this that we will force them to offer us an international power, which by its position will enable us conveniently to absorb, without destroying, all governmental forces of the world and thus to form a supergovernment. In lieu of m o d e r n r u l e r s , we w i l l place a monster w h i c h w i l l b e called the S u p e r - G o v e r n m e n t a l A d m i n i s t r a t i o n . Its hands w i l l be stretched out l i k e pincers in every d i r e c t i o n so that this colossal o r g a n i z a t i o n cannot f a i l to conquer a l l the peoples.

T H E PROTOCOLS

PROTOCOL N O . V I

E w i l l soon b e g i n to establish great monopolies — reser v o i r s o f huge w e a l t h , u p o n w h i c h even the large f o r tunes of the G o y s w i l l depend to such an extent that they w i l l be d r o w n e d , together w i t h the g o v e r n m e n t a l credits, on the day f o l l o w i n g the p o l i t i c a l catastrophe. Y o u economists, here present, w i l l please c a r e f u l l y w e i g h the significance of this scheme! . . . W e must develop, b y a l l means, the i m p o r t a n c e o f o u r superg o v e r n m e n t by r e p r e s e n t i n g it as the protector a n d r e w a r d g i v e r of a l l those w h o w i l l i n g l y submit to us. The aristocracy of the We do not need to take owners they are harmful to in their resources of life. them of their land at any

GOYS as a political force is dead. it into consideration; but as landus because they can be independent For this reason we must deprive cost.

To attain this object, the best m e t h o d is to increase l a n d taxes — the indebtedness of the l a n d . T h e s e measures w i l l keep l a n d o w n e r s h i p i n subjection. T h e aristocracy of the G O Y S , w h i c h as a matter of heredity is unable to be satisfied w i t h s m a l l t h i n g s , w i l l soon be r u i n e d . At the same t i m e it is necessary to p a t r o n i z e trade and i n d u s t r y v i g o r o u s l y , a n d m o r e i m p o r t a n t , to encourage specu l a t i o n , whose f u n c t i o n is to act as a counterbalance to i n dustry. W i t h o u t speculation, i n d u s t r y w i l l increase p r i v a t e capital and tend to the a m e l i o r a t i o n of land o w n e r s h i p by f r e e i n g it f r o m indebtedness created by the loans g r a n t e d by a g r i c u l t u r a l banks. It is necessary that i n d u s t r y s h o u l d suck out of the l a n d b o t h labor a n d capital and t h r o u g h speculation deliver into o u r hands a l l the money of the w o r l d , thus t h r o w i n g a l l the G O Y S into the ranks o f the proletarians. T h e n the G O Y S w i l l b o w before u s i n o r d e r t o obtain the mere r i g h t o f existence. T o destroy G O Y i n d u s t r y we w i l l create a m o n g the G O Y S as an aid to speculation the s t r o n g d e m a n d f o r boundless l u x u r y w h i c h w e have a l r e a d y developed. Let us raise wages, which, however, will be of no benefit to the workers, for we will simultaneously cause the rise in 27

T H E PROTOCOLS prices of objects is due to the industry.

of first necessity under the pretext that this decadence of agriculture, and of the cattle

We will also artfully and deeply undermine the sources of production by teaching the workmen anarchy and the use of alcohol, at the same time taking measures to expel all the intelligent Goys from the land. That the true situation should not be noticed by the Goys until the proper time, we will mask it by a pretended desire to help the working classes and great economic principles, an active propaganda of which principles is being carried on through the dissemination of our economic theories.

PROTOCOL

NO.

VII

H E intensification o f a r m a m e n t and the increase o f the police force are essential to the realization of the abovem e n t i o n e d plans. It is necessary that there s h o u l d be besides ourselves in a l l countries o n l y the mass of the proletariat, a f e w m i l l i o n a i r e s devoted to us, policemen, and soldiers. W e must create unrest, dissensions, and h a t r e d t h r o u g h o u t E u r o p e and t h r o u g h E u r o p e a n affiliations, also o n other conÂ tinents. In this there is a t w o f o l d a d v a n t a g e : F i r s t , we w i l l h o l d a l l countries u n d e r o u r influence, since they w i l l realize that we have the p o w e r to create disorders or to restore order whenever we w i s h . A l l countries have come to r e g a r d us as a necessary b u r d e n . S e c o n d , we w i l l entangle by i n t r i g u e s a l l the threads stretched by us into all the g o v e r n m e n t a l bodies by means of p o l i t i c s , economic treaties, or financial obligations. T o attain these ends w e w i l l w o r m o u r w a y into parleys and negotiations, a r m e d w i t h c u n n i n g , but i n so-called " o f f i c i a l l a n g u a g e " we w i l l assume the opposite tactics of seeming honest a n d reasonable. In this way the peoples a n d the govÂ ernments of the G O Y S , taught by us to r e g a r d o n l y the surface of that w h i c h we show t h e m , w i l l look u p o n us as benefactors a n d saviors o f m a n k i n d . We must be able to overcome all opposition by provoking a w a r by the n e i g h b o r s of that c o u n t r y w h i c h dares to oppose us. S h o u l d , h o w e v e r , those neighbors, in t h e i r t u r n , decide to u n i t e against us we must respond by a w o r l d w a r . 28

THE

PROTOCOLS

C h i e f success in politics lies in the secrecy of its u n d e r t a k ings. T h e r e must be inconsistency between the w o r d s a n d actions of d i p l o m a t s . We must influence the Goy g o v e r n m e n t s to action beneficial t o o u r b r o a d l y c o n c e i v e d p l a n , n o w a p p r o a c h i n g its t r i u m p h a n t g o a l , c r e a t i n g the i m p r e s s i o n that such a c t i o n is demanded by p u b l i c o p i n i o n w h i c h in reality is secretly o r g a n i z e d by us w i t h the help of the so-called " g r e a t p o w e r , " namely, the p r e s s ; the latter, h o w e v e r , w i t h few exceptions that need not be considered, is a l r e a d y entirely in our hands. I n short, t o s u m u p o u r system o f s h a c k l i n g the G O Y g o v ernments o f E u r o p e , w e w i l l show o u r p o w e r t o one o f t h e m by assassination a n d t e r r o r i s m , a n d should there be a possi b i l i t y o f a l l o f t h e m r i s i n g against us, w e w i l l a n s w e r t h e m w i t h A m e r i c a n , Chinese, o r Japanese guns.

PROTOCOL N O . V I I I

E must p r o v i d e ourselves w i t h the same a r m s o u r ene mies can e m p l o y against us. We must seek the most subtle expressions a n d evasions of the legal d i c t i o n a r y to j u s t i f y those cases in w h i c h we w i l l be f o r c e d to announce decisions w h i c h m a y seem unnecessarily b o l d and unjust, f o r it is i m p o r t a n t that these decisions s h o u l d be expressed in terms so forcible that they w i l l appear as the highest m o r a l rules of a legal character. O u r g o v e r n m e n t must be s u r r o u n d e d by a l l the forces of c i v i l i z a t i o n , in the m i d s t of w h i c h it w i l l have to f u n c t i o n . It w i l l s u r r o u n d itself w i t h publicists, experienced lawyers, a d m i n i s t r a t o r s , d i p l o m a t s , a n d , finally, people educated a l o n g special lines in o u r special advanced schools.

These people w i l l k n o w a l l the secrets of social e x i s t e n c e ; they w i l l k n o w a l l languages composed of p o l i t i c a l letters and w o r d s : they w i l l be f a m i l i a r w i t h the reverse side of h u m a n nature, w i t h a l l its sensitive chords, u p o n w h i c h they m u s t k n o w h o w to play. These chords are the structure of the intellects o f the G O Y S , their tendencies, their f a i l i n g s , t h e i r vices, a n d their v i r t u e s , the peculiarities of classes a n d castes. It is evident that the h i g h l y talented members of o u r g o v e r n ment, to w h i c h I refer, w i l l be recruited not f r o m the r a n k s 29

T H E PROTOCOLS o f the G O Y S , accustomed t o p e r f o r m i n g t h e i r a d m i n i s t r a t i v e duties w i t h o u t q u e s t i o n i n g t h e i r a i m , a n d w i t h o u t t h i n k i n g w h y they are necessary. T h e G O Y a d m i n i s t r a t o r s s i g n papers w i t h o u t r e a d i n g t h e m a n d w o r k for profit o r for p r i d e . W e w i l l s u r r o u n d o u r g o v e r n m e n t b y a whole w o r l d o f economists. It is f o r this reason that economics is the chief science taught to the J e w s . We w i l l be s u r r o u n d e d by a c r o w d of bankers, traders, capitalists, and most important of all, by millionaires, because in essence everything will be decided by a question of figures. M e a n w h i l e , as it is not yet safe to give the responsible g o v e r n m e n t posts to o u r b r o t h e r J e w s , we w i l l give them to people whose r e c o r d and whose character are such that there is an abyss between them a n d the people; also to people f o r w h o m , in case of disobedience to o u r orders, there w i l l r e m a i n n o t h i n g but c o n d e m n a t i o n o r e x i l e — t h u s f o r c i n g them t o protect o u r interests to their last breath.

PROTOCOL N O . I X

N a p p l y i n g o u r p r i n c i p l e s , t u r n y o u r attention to the charac ter of the people in whose countries y o u w i l l be resident and a m o n g w h o m y o u w i l l act, for a general s i m i l a r a p p l i c a t i o n of them before the reeducation of a people a c c o r d i n g to o u r p l a n cannot be successful. B u t by a d v a n c i n g c a r e f u l l y in their a p p l i c a t i o n y o u w i l l see that before ten years have passed the most obstinate character w i l l have c h a n g e d , and we can then count another people a m o n g those w h o already have submitted to us.

W h e n w e are enthroned w e w i l l substitute f o r the liberal words of our M a s o n i c catchword, " L i b e r t y , E q u a l i t y , and F r a t e r n i t y , " another g r o u p o f w o r d s e x p r e s s i n g s i m p l y ideas, namely, " t h e r i g h t o f L i b e r t y , the d u t y o f E q u a l i t y , the ideal of Fraternity." T h u s w e w i l l speak and . . . w e s h a l l have the goat by the horns. . . . De facto, we have already de stroyed a l l g o v e r n m e n t s except o u r o w n , a l t h o u g h de jure there are s t i l l m a n y left. At present, if a n y of the g o v e r n ments raises a protest against us, it is done o n l y as a matter of f o r m , a n d at o u r desire, and by o u r o r d e r , because their anti-Semitism is necessary to enable us to control our smaller 30

THE

PROTOCOLS

brothers. I w i l l not f u r t h e r e x p l a i n this, as it has a l r e a d y been the object of n u m e r o u s discussions. I n reality there are n o obstacles b e f o r e us.

O u r super-

government exists u n d e r such e x t r a - l e g a l conditions that it is c o m m o n to designate it by an energetic a n d s t r o n g w o r d — a Dictatorship. I can honestly state that at the present t i m e we are l a w m a k e r s ; we are the j u d g e s a n d inflict p u n i s h m e n t ; we execute a n d p a r d o n ; we, as the chief of a l l o u r armies, r i d e the leader's horse. W e r u l e b y i n d o m i t a b l e w i l l because w e h o l d i n o u r hands the f r a g m e n t s of a once s t r o n g p a r t y n o w subject to us. W e possess boundless a m b i t i o n , b u r n i n g g r e e d f o r m e r c i less revenge, a n d bitter hatred. From us emanates an all-embracing terror. People of all opinions and of all doctrines are in our service; people who desire to restore monarchies, demagogues, socialists, communists, and other Utopians. We have h a d to put a l l of them to w o r k ; every one of t h e m is u n d e r m i n i n g the last remnant of a u t h o r i t y , i s t r y i n g t o o v e r t h r o w a l l e x i s t i n g o r d e r . A l l the g o v e r n m e n t s have been t o r t u r e d by this p r o c e d u r e ; they beg f o r peace, a n d for the sake of peace are p r e p a r e d to m a k e any sacrifice, but we w i l l not g i v e them peace u n t i l they recognize o u r i n t e r n a t i o n a l s u p e r - g o v e r n m e n t openly a n d w i t h sub mission. T h e masses have b e g u n to d e m a n d the s o l u t i o n of the social p r o b l e m by means of an i n t e r n a t i o n a l agreement. The division into parties has delivered all of them to us, because in order to conduct a party struggle money is required, and we have it all. We m i g h t fear the u n i o n of the intelligent p o w e r of the G o y s ' rulers w i t h the b l i n d p o w e r of the masses, but we have taken a l l measures against such a p o s s i b i l i t y . B e t w e e n the two powers we have raised a w a l l in the f o r m of m u t u a l t e r r o r ; thus the b l i n d p o w e r of the people continues to be o u r sup port, a n d we alone w i l l act as its leader a n d , n a t u r a l l y , we w i l l direct it t o w a r d s o u r goal. T o prevent the h a n d o f the b l i n d f r o m f r e e i n g itself f r o m o u r guidance, we must f r o m time to time keep in close t o u c h w i t h the masses, if not t h r o u g h personal contact then t h r o u g h o u r most devoted b r e t h r e n . W h e n we become a recognized p o w e r we w i l l p e r s o n a l l y address the masses in open places, a n d w e w i l l e x p o u n d p o l i t i c a l problems i n the desired d i r e c t i o n . 31

T H E PROTOCOLS H o w v e r i f y w h a t i s taught i n v i l l a g e schools? B u t whatever the representative of the government or the r u l e r h i m s e l f states w i l l be i m m e d i a t e l y k n o w n to the entire n a t i o n , f o r it w i l l r a p i d l y spread by the voice of the people. I n o r d e r not p r e m a t u r e l y t o destroy G O Y i n s t i t u t i o n s , w e have touched them w i t h o u r efficient hands a n d g r a s p e d the ends of the s p r i n g s of t h e i r m e c h a n i s m . F o r m e r l y these s p r i n g s were in r i g i d but just o r d e r ; we have changed it to l i b e r a l , d i s o r d e r l y , and a r b i t r a r y lawlessness. We have affected legal procedure, electoral l a w , the press, personal f r e e d o m , a n d , most i m p o r t a n t , education, the cornerÂ stone of free existence. We have misled, corrupted, fooled, and demoralised the youth of the GOYS by education along principles and theories known by us to be false but which we ourselves have inspired. W i t h o u t c h a n g i n g substantially the e x i s t i n g law w e have created stupendous results by d i s t o r t i n g the laws t h r o u g h c o n t r a d i c t o r y interpretations. These results first manifested themselves by the fact that interpretation has concealed the law itself, a n d thereafter has completely h i d d e n it f r o m the eyes of the g o v e r n m e n t s by the i m p o s s i b i l i t y of u n d e r s t a n d i n g such c o m p l i c a t e d j u r i s p r u d e n c e . H e n c e the theory of the court of conscience. Y o u m a y say that there w i l l b e a n a r m e d r i s i n g against u s if o u r plans are discovered p r e m a t u r e l y ; but in a n t i c i p a t i o n of this we have such a t e r r o r i z i n g m a n o e u v e r in the W e s t that even the bravest soul w i l l shudder. 1

U n d e r g r o u n d passages w i l l be established by that time in a l l capitals, f r o m where they can be e x p l o d e d , together w i t h a l l t h e i r i n s t i t u t i o n s a n d n a t i o n a l documents.

PROTOCOL N O . X

O - D A Y I w i l l b e g i n b y r e i t e r a t i n g w h a t has already been stated. I beg you to remember that the government and the masses are satisfied with visible results in politics. H o w can they e x a m i n e the i n n e r m e a n i n g of t h i n g s w h e n t h e i r repreT h i s probably means the practice w h i c h arose of not a d h e r i n g to the letter of the law but of j u d g i n g by conscience. In E u r o p e a n countries j u r o r s are not compelled to render their verdict pursuant to the techniÂ c a l p r o v i s i o n s o f law. 1

T H E PROTOCOLS sentatives

consider

that

pleasure

above

everything?

i s i m p o r t a n t t o k n o w one d e t a i l i n o u r p o l i c y .

I t w i l l help

us in d i s c u s s i n g d i v i s i o n of a u t h o r i t y , freedom of speech, of the press, of r e l i g i o n ( f a i t h ) , the r i g h t of assembly, equality before the l a w , i n v i o l a b i l i t y of property a n d of the home, indirect taxes a n d the retrospective

force o f l a w .

All

such ques

tions s h o u l d never be d i r e c t l y a n d openly discussed before the masses.

W h e n it becomes necessary f o r us to discuss them,

they s h o u l d not be elaborated but merely m e n t i o n e d , w i t h o u t g o i n g into details, p o i n t i n g out that m o d e r n legal p r i n c i p l e s are b e i n g accepted by us.

T h e significance of this reticence lies

in the fact that a p r i n c i p l e w h i c h has not been openly declared gives us f r e e d o m of a c t i o n to exclude u n n o t i c e d one point or another, whereas if elaborated the p r i n c i p l e becomes as g o o d as established. T h e people feel an especial love a n d a d m i r a t i o n t o w a r d s the p o l i t i c a l genius, a n d they a l w a y s react to t h e i r acts of violence as f o l l o w s : " Y e s , of course it is v i l l a i n y , but h o w c l e v e r ! — It is a t r i c k but cleverly d o n e ! So m a j e s t i c a l l y ! so i m p u d e n t l y ! . . ." W e count u p o n a t t r a c t i n g all nations t o the c o n s t r u c t i o n o f the foundations of the new edifice w h i c h has been p l a n n e d by us.

It is for this reason that it is necessary f o r us first of a l l

t o acquire that s p i r i t o f d a r i n g , enterprise, a n d force w h i c h , t h r o u g h o u r agents, w i l l enable us to overcome a l l obstacles i n o u r path. When peoples:

accomplish

"Everything

We will abolish nationalities, were

d'état,

cause

of your sufferings,

and

all

badly;

frontiers,

you are free to if you

the

our coup

went

national

will say

you

have that

currencies.

the

suffered. to

say,

course

condemn us, but would your judgment

be just

to pronounce it before giving a trial to what we

will give you?"

Thereafter they will exalt us with a sentiment

of unanimous delight and hope.

The voting system

which

have used as a tool for our enthronement, and to which we have by

accustomed organizing

even

the

meetings

most and

have performed its last service ance

the

expression

of a

humble

members

prearranged and

will

make its last

unanimous desire to 33

of humanity

agreements,

will

appear-

become more

T H E PROTOCOLS closely acquainted judgment.

with

before

having

pronounced

To attain this we must force a l l to vote, w i t h o u t class dis c r i m i n a t i o n , to establish the autocracy of the m a j o r i t y , w h i c h cannot be obtained f r o m the intellectual classes alone. T h r o u g h this method of a c c u s t o m i n g every one to the idea of selfd e t e r m i n a t i o n , w e w i l l shatter the G O Y f a m i l y a n d its educa t i o n a l importance. W e w i l l not a l l o w the f o r m a t i o n o f i n d i v i d u a l m i n d s , because the mob, u n d e r o u r g u i d a n c e , w i l l prevent them f r o m d i s t i n g u i s h i n g themselves o r even express i n g themselves. T h e m o b has become accustomed to listen o n l y t o u s w h o pay i t for obedience and attention. We w i l l thus create such a b l i n d p o w e r that it w i l l be unable to move w i t h o u t the g u i d a n c e of o u r agents, sent by us to replace their leaders. T h e masses w i l l submit to this régime because they w i l l k n o w that their earnings, perquisites, a n d other benefits depend u p o n these leaders. T h e p l a n o f g o v e r n m e n t must emanate already f o r m e d f r o m one head, as it w o u l d be impossible to put it together if d i s i n t e g r a t i o n by m a n y m i n d s into small pieces is a l l o w e d . T h a t is w h y we o n l y are a l l o w e d to k n o w the p l a n of a c t i o n ; but we must not discuss it in o r d e r not to affect its i n g e n u i t y , the c o r r e l a t i o n between its component parts, the p r a c t i c a l force of the secret m e a n i n g of its every clause. W e r e such a p l a n to be submitted to and altered by frequent v o t i n g , it w o u l d reflect the stamp of the misconceptions of every one w h o has not penetrated its depth a n d the c o r r e l a t i o n of its aims. F o r this reason o u r plans must be s t r o n g l y a n d clearly conceived. Consequently, the i n s p i r e d w o r k of o u r leader must not be t h r o w n to the m e r c y of the mob or even of a l i m i t e d g r o u p . T h e s e plans w i l l not i m m e d i a t e l y upset c o n t e m p o r a r y i n s t i tutions. T h e y w i l l o n l y alter their o r g a n i z a t i o n , a n d conse quently the entire c o m b i n a t i o n of their development, w h i c h w i l l thus be directed a c c o r d i n g to the plans l a i d d o w n by us. M o r e or less the same institutions exist in different c o u n tries u n d e r different names, such as representative bodies, m i n i s t r i e s , senate, state c o u n c i l , legislative a n d executive bodies. It is not necessary f o r me to e x p l a i n to y o u the c o n n e c t i n g m e c h a n i s m of these different i n s t i t u t i o n s , as it is w e l l k n o w n to y o u . I o n l y call to y o u r attention that every one of 34

T H E PROTOCOLS the aforesaid i n s t i t u t i o n s fulfills some i m p o r t a n t g o v e r n m e n t a l f u n c t i o n , a n d , moreover, I b e g y o u to notice that the w o r d " i m p o r t a n t " refers not to the i n s t i t u t i o n but to the f u n c t i o n . Consequently, it is not the institutions that are i m p o r t a n t but their functions. S u c h institutions have d i v i d e d a m o n g t h e m selves a l l the functions of g o v e r n m e n t , namely, a d m i n i s t r a t i v e , legislative, a n d e x e c u t i v e p o w e r s ; therefore, their functions i n the state o r g a n i s m have become s i m i l a r to those in a h u m a n body. If one part of the g o v e r n m e n t a l machine is i n j u r e d , the state itself falls i l l , in the same w a y as the h u m a n body, a n d then it dies. W h e n we injected the poison of l i b e r a l i s m into the state o r g a n i s m , its entire p o l i t i c a l c o m p l e x i o n c h a n g e d ; the states became infected w i t h a m o r t a l disease, namely, the decomposi t i o n of the b l o o d . It is o n l y necessary to a w a i t the end of their agony. C o n s t i t u t i o n a l g o v e r n m e n t s were b o r n o f l i b e r a l i s m , w h i c h replaced the autocracy that was the salvation of the G O Y S , for the c o n s t i t u t i o n , as y o u w e l l k n o w , is n o t h i n g more than a school for dispute, discussion, disagreement, fruitless party a g i t a t i o n , dissension, p a r t y tendencies — in other w o r d s , a school f o r e v e r y t h i n g w h i c h weakens the efficiency of g o v e r n m e n t . T h e p l a t f o r m no less t h a n the press condemned the authorities to inaction a n d impotency and thereby rendered t h e m useless and superfluous, f o r w h i c h reason they were o v e r t h r o w n in m a n y countries. T h e rise of the republican e r a then became possible, and then we substituted for the r u l e r a caricature of government — a president chosen f r o m the m o b , f r o m a m o n g o u r creatures, o u r slaves. T h i s was the k i n d of m i n e we l a i d under the G O Y S , or, more correctly, under the G O Y nations. In the near future we w i l l make the president a responsible officer, w h e r e u p o n we w i l l no l o n g e r stand on ceremony in c a r r y i n g out the t h i n g s f o r w h i c h o u r d u m m y w i l l b e responsi ble. W h a t difference does it make to us that the ranks of those a i m i n g at a u t h o r i t y w i l l t h i n out, that c o n f u s i o n w i l l re sult f r o m i n a b i l i t y t o f i n d presidents, c o n f u s i o n w h i c h w i l l definitely d i s o r g a n i z e the c o u n t r y ? T o a c c o m p l i s h o u r p l a n , w e w i l l engineer the election o f presidents whose past r e c o r d contains some h i d d e n scandal, some " P a n a m a " — then they w i l l be f a i t h f u l executors of o u r orders f r o m fear o f exposure, a n d f r o m the n a t u r a l desire 35

T H E PROTOCOLS of every m a n w h o has reached a u t h o r i t y to r e t a i n the p r i v i leges, advantages, a n d d i g n i t y connected w i t h the p o s i t i o n of president. T h e C h a m b e r o f Deputies w i l l elect, protect, and screen presidents, but we w i l l deprive it of the r i g h t of i n i t i a t i n g laws o r o f a m e n d i n g them, f o r this r i g h t w i l l b e g r a n t e d by us to the responsible president, a puppet in o u r hands. O f course then the p o w e r o f the president w i l l become the target of n u m e r o u s attacks, but we w i l l g i v e h i m the means o f self-protection b y g i v i n g h i m the r i g h t o f d i r e c t l y a p p l y i n g to the people, f o r t h e i r decision, over the heads of their repre sentatives. In other w o r d s , he w i l l t u r n to the same b l i n d slave — to the m a j o r i t y of the mob. M o r e o v e r , we w i l l em p o w e r the president t o p r o c l a i m m a r t i a l l a w . W e w i l l j u s t i f y this p r e r o g a t i v e u n d e r the pretext that the president, as chief of the n a t i o n a l a r m y , must c o n t r o l it in order to protect the new republican c o n s t i t u t i o n , w h i c h he, as a responsible repre sentative of this c o n s t i t u t i o n , is b o u n d to defend. It is o b v i o u s that u n d e r such conditions the keys to the shrine w i l l b e i n o u r hands, a n d nobody except ourselves w i l l be able to g u i d e the legislative power. W e w i l l also take a w a y f r o m the C h a m b e r , w i t h the i n t r o duction of the new r e p u b l i c a n c o n s t i t u t i o n , the r i g h t of inter pellation in r e g a r d to g o v e r n m e n t a l measures, u n d e r the pretext that p o l i t i c a l secrets must be preserved. W i t h the a i d of this n e w constitution we w i l l reduce the n u m b e r of representatives to the m i n i m u m , thus also r e d u c i n g to the same extent p o l i t i c a l passions a n d passion f o r politics. If, in spite of this, those r e m a i n i n g are recalcitrant, we w i l l abolish t h e m completely by a p p e a l i n g to the m a j o r i t y of the people. T h e appointment of the president a n d vice presidents of the C h a m b e r and Senate w i l l be the p r e r o g a t i v e of the president. Instead o f c o n t i n u o u s p a r l i a m e n t a r y sessions, w e w i l l shorten t h e m to a few m o n t h s . M o r e o v e r , the president, as chief ex ecutive, w i l l have the r i g h t to convene or dissolve p a r l i a m e n t , and in the case of d i s s o l u t i o n , defer the a p p o i n t m e n t of a new parliament. B u t to prevent the president f r o m b e i n g h e l d responsible before o u r plans are m a t u r e d f o r the results of a l l these essentially i l l e g a l actions i n a u g u r a t e d by us, we w i l l g i v e the ministers and other h i g h a d m i n i s t r a t i v e officials sur r o u n d i n g the president the idea of c i r c u m v e n t i n g his orders b y i s s u i n g instructions o f their o w n . Consequently, they w i l l 36

T H E PROTOCOLS b e made responsible instead o f h i m . W e r e c o m m e n d that the e x e c u t i o n of this p l a n be g i v e n especially to the Senate, State C o u n c i l , o r C o u n c i l o f M i n i s t e r s , and not t o i n d i v i d u a l s . U n d e r o u r guidance the president w i l l interpret i n a m b i g u o u s w a y s such e x i s t i n g laws as it is possible so to interpret. More over, he w i l l a n n u l t h e m w h e n the need is p o i n t e d out to h i m by u s : he w i l l also have the r i g h t to propose t e m p o r a r y laws and even modifications in the c o n s t i t u t i o n a l w o r k of g o v e r n m e n t , a l l e g i n g as the motive f o r so d o i n g the exigencies of the w e l f a r e of the c o u n t r y . By such measures we w i l l be able to destroy g r a d u a l l y , step by step, e v e r y t h i n g that, u p o n e n t e r i n g into o u r r i g h t s , we were obliged to i n t r o d u c e into g o v e r n m e n t constitutions as a t r a n s i t i o n to the imperceptible a b o l i t i o n of a l l constitutions, w h e n the time comes to convert a l l g o v e r n m e n t into our autocracy. T h e r e c o g n i t i o n of o u r autocrat may come even before the abolition of the c o n s t i t u t i o n ; the moment f o r this r e c o g n i t i o n w i l l come w h e n the people, tormented by dissension a n d the incompetency o f t h e i r r u l e r s , i n c i t e d b y us, w i l l e x c l a i m : Depose them, a n d g i v e u s one u n i v e r s a l s o v e r e i g n w h o w i l l unite us and abolish the causes of dissension — n a t i o n a l f r o n tiers, r e l i g i o n , state indebtedness — a n d w h o w i l l g i v e us the peace and quiet w h i c h w e cannot f i n d w i t h o u r rulers a n d representatives. B u t you k n o w w e l l that to render such a u n i v e r s a l e x p r e s s i o n of desire possible, it is necessary c o n t i n u o u s l y to d i s t u r b the relationship between the people and the g o v e r n m e n t in a l l countries, and so to exhaust everybody by the dissension, hostility, s t r u g g l e , h a t r e d , a n d even m a r t y r d o m , h u n g e r , i n o c u l a t i o n of diseases, a n d m i s e r y , as to m a k e the G O Y S see no other solution t h a n an appeal to o u r money and complete rule. S h o u l d we g i v e the people a rest, however, the l o n g e d for m o m e n t w i l l p r o b a b l y never a r r i v e .

PROTOCOL

HE the it w i l l statutes

NO.

C o u n c i l o f State w i l l tend t o accentuate the p o w e r o f r u l e r ; in the capacity of an ostensible legislative body, act as a c o m m i t t e e f o r the d r a w i n g up of laws a n d on behalf of the ruler. 37

T H E PROTOCOLS T h e f o l l o w i n g is the p r o g r a m of the new c o n s t i t u t i o n w h i c h w e are p r e p a r i n g . W e w i l l m a k e laws a n d c o n t r o l the courts i n the f o l l o w i n g m a n n e r : 1. By suggestions to the legislative body. 2. By means of orders issued by the president as g e n e r a l statutes, decrees of the Senate, and decisions of the C o u n c i l of State, as regulations passed by the ministries. 3. A n d when the opportune moment arrives — in the f o r m of a coup d'état. H a v i n g thus r o u g h l y outlined the modus agendi, we w i l l n o w take up in detail those measures by w h i c h we w i l l complete the development of the g o v e r n m e n t a l m e c h a n i s m in the above direction. By these measures, I mean the freedom of the press, the r i g h t of assembly, religious freedom, electoral r i g h t s , a n d m a n y other t h i n g s w h i c h must disappear f r o m the h u m a n repertoire, or must be fundamentally altered on the day f o l l o w i n g the declaration of the new c o n s t i t u t i o n . It is o n l y at this moment that it w i l l become possible f o r us to announce a l l o u r decrees, f o r at any time in the future every perceptible change w o u l d be dangerous, and this f o r the f o l l o w i n g reasons: If these changes s h o u l d be i n t r o d u c e d a n d r i g i d l y enforced, it m i g h t cause despair by c r e a t i n g the fear of f u r t h e r changes in a s i m i l a r d i r e c t i o n ; if, however, they are made w i t h a tendency to subsequent leniency, then it m i g h t be said that w e have recognized o u r mistakes, w h i c h w o u l d u n d e r m i n e the f a i t h in the i n f a l l i b i l i t y of the new a u t h o r i t y ; it m i g h t also be said that we were f r i g h t e n e d , and that we were forced to make concessions for w h i c h nobody w o u l d be t h a n k f u l since they w o u l d be considered as legitimately due. A n y of these impressions w o u l d be detrimental to the prestige of the new c o n s t i t u t i o n . It is necessary for us that, f r o m the first moment of its p r o c l a m a t i o n , when the people are still d u m b f o u n d e d by the a c c o m p l i s h e d r e v o l u t i o n and are in a state of t e r r o r and surprise, they should realize we are so s t r o n g , so i n v u l n e r a b l e , and so m i g h t y that we shall in no case pay attention to them, and not o n l y w i l l we i g n o r e their o p i n i o n s and desires, but be ready to and capable of suppress i n g at any m o m e n t or place any sign of o p p o s i t i o n w i t h i n disputable a u t h o r i t y . We shall want the people to realize that we have taken at once e v e r y t h i n g we wanted, a n d that we shall u n d e r n o circumstances share o u r p o w e r w i t h them. Then 38

T H E PROTOCOLS they w i l l close their eyes to e v e r y t h i n g out of fear a n d w i l l a w a i t f u r t h e r developments. T h e G O Y S are l i k e a flock of sheep — we are wolves. D o y o u k n o w w h a t happens t o sheep w h e n wolves get into the f o l d ? T h e y w i l l also close t h e i r eyes to e v e r y t h i n g because we w i l l p r o m i s e to r e t u r n to t h e m a l l their liberties after the enemies of peace have been subjugated a n d a l l the parties pacified. Is it necessary to say h o w l o n g they w o u l d have to w a i t f o r the r e t u r n of their liberties? W h y have w e conceived and i n s p i r e d this p o l i c y f o r the G O Y S w i t h o u t g i v i n g t h e m a n o p p o r t u n i t y t o e x a m i n e its i n n e r m e a n i n g if not f o r the purpose of a t t a i n i n g by a c i r c u i t o u s method what is unattainable for o u r scattered race by a direct road? T h i s constituted a base for o u r o r g a n i z a t i o n of secret masonry which is not known to and whose aims are not even suspected by these cattle, the GOYS. They have been decoyed by us into our numerous ostensible organizations, which appear to be Masonic lodges, so as to divert the attention of their coreligionists. G o d has g i v e n us, his chosen people, the p o w e r to scatter, a n d what to a l l appears to be o u r weakness, has p r o v e d to be o u r strength, a n d has n o w b r o u g h t us to the t h r e s h o l d of u n i versal rule. L i t t l e remains to be built on these foundations.

PROTOCOL

NO.

XII

H E w o r d " L i b e r t y " can b e differently interpreted. W e w i l l define it as f o l l o w s : L i b e r t y is the r i g h t to do that w h i c h is p e r m i t t e d by l a w . S u c h a definition of this w o r d w i l l eventually serve us, because

liberty w i l l b e i n o u r p o w e r ; and also because the laws w i l l either destroy or construct only what we desire in accordance w i t h the above mentioned p r o g r a m . W e w i l l deal w i t h the press i n the f o l l o w i n g m a n n e r : W h a t is the present rôle of the press? It serves to arouse f u r i o u s passions or egotistic p a r t y dissensions w h i c h m a y be necessary 39

THE

PROTOCOLS

f o r o u r purpose. It is empty, unjust, inaccurate, a n d most people do not u n d e r s t a n d what end it serves. We w i l l shackle it a n d keep a t i g h t rein on it. We w i l l also do the same w i t h o t h e r p r i n t e d matter, f o r what use w o u l d it be for us to r i d ourselves of attacks on the part of the p e r i o d i c a l press if we r e m a i n open t o c r i t i c i s m t h r o u g h pamphlets a n d b o o k s ? W e w i l l convert the p r o d u c t s of p u b l i c i t y , n o w so expensive, o w i n g to the need of censorship, into a source of income for o u r state. We w i l l impose a special stamp t a x . W h e n a newsÂ paper p r i n t i n g shop is started, bonds w i l l have to be deposited, w h i c h w i l l guarantee o u r g o v e r n m e n t f r o m a l l attacks o n the part of the press. In case of an attack, we w i l l mercilessly impose fines. S u c h measures as stamps, bonds, a n d fines, the payment of w h i c h is g u a r a n t e e d by the bonds, w i l l b r i n g a h u g e income to the g o v e r n m e n t . It is true that party papers m i g h t not fear the loss of money, so we w i l l suppress these after the second attack o n us. N o one s h a l l t o u c h the prestige o f o u r p o l i t i c a l i n f a l l i b i l i t y a n d r e m a i n u n p u n i s h e d . T h e pretext f o r s t o p p i n g a p u b l i c a t i o n w i l l be that the p u b l i c a t i o n in question excites p u b l i c o p i n i o n w i t h o u t cause or reason. I ask you to bear in mind that among those who attack us there will be also organs established by us, but they will attack exclusively those points which we plan to change. Not one notice will be made public without our control. T h i s is already b e i n g done by us, since the news f r o m a l l parts of the w o r l d is received t h r o u g h several agencies in w h i c h it is centralized. These agencies w i l l then be completely in o u r p o w e r and they w i l l p u b l i s h o n l y such news a s w e w i l l p e r m i t . If we have already managed to subjugate the m i n d s of the G o y s to such an extent that almost a l l of t h e m see w o r l d events t h r o u g h colored glasses w h i c h we put over t h e i r eyes; if, even at present, there is not one state w h i c h bars o u r access to state secrets, so t e r m e d by the s t u p i d G O Y S , then what w i l l it be w h e n we, in the person of o u r u n i v e r s a l s o v e r e i g n , are the r e c o g n i z e d r u l e r s of the w o r l d ? L e t us r e t u r n to the future of the press. A n y b o d y w h o wishes to become an editor, a l i b r a r i a n , or a p r i n t e r , w i l l be o b l i g e d to obtain a d i p l o m a , w h i c h in case of disobedience w i l l be i m m e d i a t e l y r e v o k e d . W i t h such measures, thought will become an educational in40

T H E PROTOCOLS strument in the hands of our government, which will not allow the people to be led astray into realms of fancy and dreams about beneficent progress. W h o of us does not k n o w that these fantastic blessings are the direct r o a d to baseless hopes w h i c h lead to a n a r c h i s t i c relations between the people a n d the g o v e r n ment? P r o g r e s s , or better still the idea of progress, has led to the creation of different modes of emancipation w i t h o u t set t i n g any l i m i t t o it. A l l so-called liberals are essentially anar chists in t h o u g h t if not in a c t i o n . E a c h one of them pursues the p h a n t o m of liberty, b e c o m i n g s e l f - w i l l e d , that is to say, f a l l i n g into a state of a n a r c h y by p r o t e s t i n g f o r the mere sake of p r o t e s t i n g . W e w i l l n o w a g a i n refer t o the question o f the press. W e w i l l place stamp taxes secured by bonds on each page of a l l p r i n t e d matter, w h i l e on books c o n t a i n i n g less than f o u r h u n d r e d a n d eighty pages we w i l l place a double tax. We w i l l classify them as pamphlets, so as to lessen the n u m b e r of magazines, w h i c h represent the worst p r i n t e d poison — and on the other h a n d , to force w r i t e r s to prepare such l o n g w o r k s that they w i l l be little read, especially as they w i l l be expensive. O u r o w n pub lications, g u i d i n g p u b l i c o p i n i o n in the d i r e c t i o n we desire, w i l l b e cheap a n d r a p i d l y bought. T h e tax w i l l discourage the w r i t i n g o f mere leisure literature, whereas p u n i s h m e n t w i l l m a k e the w r i t e r s dependent upon us. E v e n if there were w r i t e r s w h o w o u l d like to attack us, they w o u l d find no pub lishers f o r their w o r k s . B e f o r e p r i n t i n g a n y w o r k , the editor or p r i n t e r w i l l have to apply to the authorities f o r p e r m i s s i o n . W e w i l l then k n o w beforehand o f the attacks that are b e i n g prepared against us, a n d we w i l l destroy t h e m by c o m i n g out w i t h advance statements on the subject. L i t e r a t u r e a n d j o u r n a l i s m are the t w o most i m p o r t a n t educa tional f o r c e s ; f o r this reason o u r g o v e r n m e n t w i l l become the o w n e r of most of the periodicals. T h i s w i l l neutralize the i n j u r i o u s influence of the p r i v a t e press a n d have great i n f l u ence on the people. If we p e r m i t ten p e r i o d i c a l s , we o u r selves w i l l p r i n t t h i r t y , a n d so f o r t h . T h i s , however, must not be suspected by the p u b l i c . A l l the p e r i o d i c a l s p u b l i s h e d by us w i l l seem to be of c o n t r a d i c t o r y v i e w s a n d o p i n i o n s , i n v i t i n g trust in us, thus a t t r a c t i n g to us u n s u s p e c t i n g enemies, and in this way they w i l l be caught in o u r t r a p a n d made harmless. 41

T H E PROTOCOLS T h e p r e d o m i n a n t place w i l l be held by periodicals of an official character. T h e y w i l l always stand g u a r d over o u r interests and consequently their influence w i l l be c o m p a r a t i v e l y limited. In the second category we w i l l place semi-official o r g a n s , whose a i m w i l l be to attract the indifferent and little interested. T h e t h i r d category w i l l b e o u r ostensible o p p o s i t i o n , w h i c h at least in one of its publications w i l l represent the o p p o s i t i o n to us. O u r real enemies w i l l mistake this s e e m i n g o p p o s i t i o n as b e l o n g i n g to t h e i r o w n g r o u p and w i l l thus show us their cards. A l l o u r newspapers w i l l represent different tendencies, namely, a r i s t o c r a t i c , r e p u b l i c a n , r e v o l u t i o n a r y , even anar chistic, so l o n g of course as the constitution lasts. L i k e the I n d i a n G o d V I S H N U , these periodicals w i l l have one h u n d r e d arms, each of w h i c h w i l l reach the pulse of every g r o u p of p u b l i c o p i n i o n . W h e n the pulse beats faster, these a r m s w i l l g u i d e o p i n i o n t o w a r d our aims, since the e x c i t e d person loses the p o w e r of r e a s o n i n g and is easily led. T h o s e fools w h o believe that they repeat the opinions expressed by the news papers of their p a r t y w i l l be repeating o u r o p i n i o n s or those w h i c h we desire t h e m to have. I m a g i n i n g that they are f o l l o w i n g the press of their p a r t y , they w i l l f o l l o w the flag w h i c h w e w i l l f l y f o r them. I n o r d e r that o u r newspaper m i l i t i a may c a r r y out o u r p r o g r a m , we must o r g a n i z e the press w i t h great care. U n d e r the title of the C e n t r a l D e p a r t m e n t of the press, we w i l l o r g a n i z e l i t e r a r y meetings at w h i c h o u r agents unnoticed w i l l g i v e the passwords and countersigns. D i s c u s s i n g and c o n t r a d i c t i n g o u r policies, a l t h o u g h a l w a y s superficially, w i t h o u t t o u c h i n g their essence, o u r press w i l l conduct an empty fire against official newspapers so as to g i v e us only an o p p o r t u n i t y to ex press ourselves in greater detail than we were able to in o u r pre l i m i n a r y declarations. T h i s , of course, w i l l be done w h e n it is useful to us. These attacks against us will also seem to convince the people that complete liberty of the press still exists, and it will give our agents the opportunity to declare that the papers opposing us are mere wind-bags, since they are unable to find any real g r o u n d to refute o u r orders. S u c h measures, w h i c h w i l l escape the notice of p u b l i c atten42

T H E PROTOCOLS t i o n , w i l l be the most successful means of g u i d i n g the p u b l i c m i n d a n d o f i n s p i r i n g confidence i n o u r government. T h a n k s to them, we w i l l as the need arises excite or pacify the p u b l i c m i n d o n p o l i t i c a l questions. W e w i l l b e able t o persuade o r confuse t h e m , sometimes p r i n t i n g the t r u t h , sometimes lies, r e f e r r i n g to facts or c o n t r a d i c t i n g t h e m a c c o r d i n g to the w a y they are received by the p u b l i c , a l w a y s c a r e f u l l y s o u n d i n g the g r o u n d before s t e p p i n g on it. We will surely conquer our enemies, because they will not have the press at their disposal in which to express themselves in full. M o r e o v e r , w i t h the above m e n t i o n e d plans against the press, we w i l l not even need to refute t h e m seriously. T h e t r i a l balloons t h r o w n out by us in the t h i r d category of o u r press, we w i l l deny energetically, in case of need, in our semi-official o r g a n s . I n F r e n c h j o u r n a l i s m there already exists the M a s o n i c s o l i d a r i t y of a p a s s w o r d ; a l l o r g a n s of the press are b o u n d by professional secrecy; l i k e the ancient a u g u r s , not one m e m b e r w i l l disclose his secret if he is not o r d e r e d to do so. N o t one j o u r n a l i s t w i l l dare to disclose this secret, f o r not one of t h e m is a d m i t t e d to l i t e r a r y headquarters unless he has a d i s g r a c e f u l a c t i o n in his past r e c o r d . T h e fact w o u l d i m m e d i a t e l y be made public. W h i l e these d i s g r a c e f u l actions are k n o w n o n l y to a few, the prestige of the j o u r n a l i s t attracts o p i n i o n t h r o u g h o u t the c o u n t r y — h e i s a d m i r e d . O u r plans must e x t e n d chiefly t o the p r o v i n c i a l d i s t r i c t s . T h e r e we must excite hopes a n d a m b i t i o n s opposed to those of the capitals, by means of w h i c h we m a y a l w a y s attack t h e m , p r e s e n t i n g such a m b i t i o n s to the capitals as the i n s p i r e d v i e w s a n d a i m s of p r o v i n c i a l d i s t r i c t s . It is obvious that t h e i r source w i l l be ours. It is necessary f o r us that w h i l e we are not yet in f u l l p o w e r , the c a p i t a l s h o u l d be u n d e r the influence of p r o v i n c i a l p u b l i c o p i n i o n ; that is under the influence of the m a j o r i t y p r e a r r a n g e d by o u r agents. It is necessary f o r us that at the c r i t i c a l p s y c h o l o g i c a l moment the capitals s h o u l d not discuss an a c c o m p l i s h e d fact, f o r the mere reason that it h a d been accepted by the p r o v i n c i a l m a j o r i t y . When we reach the phase of the new régime, which is sitory to our accession to power, we must not allow the to expose social corruption. It must be thought that the régime has satisfied everybody to such an extent that 43

tranpress new even

THE criminality has stopped.

PROTOCOLS Cases of c r i m i n a l a c t i v i t y must o n l y

be k n o w n to their v i c t i m s or t h e i r accidental witnesses, a n d to these alone.

PROTOCOL N O . X I I I

H E need o f d a i l y bread forces the G O Y S t o silence a n d c o m 足 pels them to r e m a i n our obedient servants. T h e agents taken f r o m a m o n g t h e m f o r o u r press w i l l discuss the facts they are o r d e r e d to p u b l i s h , w h e n it is inconvenient f o r us to p u b l i s h statements openly i n official documents. W h i l e d i s c u s s i o n a n d dispute are t a k i n g place, we w i l l simply pass the measures we desire a n d present t h e m to the p u b l i c as an a c c o m p l i s h e d fact. N o b o d y w i l l dare to d e m a n d the rejection of measures thus passed, and the m o r e so as they w i l l be interpreted as an i m 足 provement. A t this point the press w i l l divert the thoughts o f the people to new problems ( w e h a v i n g accustomed the people a l w a y s to seek n e w e m o t i o n s ) . T h o s e brainless creators of destiny, w h o heretofore have been unable to u n d e r s t a n d and do not n o w u n d e r s t a n d that they are i g n o r a n t of matters w h i c h they undertake to discuss, w i l l also hasten to discuss these new p r o b l e m s . P o l i t i c a l questions are meant to be u n d e r s t o o d o n l y b y those w h o have created t h e m a n d have been d i r e c t i n g t h e m f o r m a n y centuries. F r o m a l l this y o u w i l l realize that b y a i m i n g t o c o n t r o l the o p i n i o n of the m o b we w i l l o n l y facilitate the f u n c t i o n i n g of o u r m e c h a n i s m , a n d y o u w i l l also notice that we seek approba足 t i o n , not f o r actions but f o r w o r d s uttered by us on v a r i o u s occasions. W e a l w a y s declare that w e are g u i d e d i n a l l o u r policies by the hope and certainty of s e r v i n g the general g o o d . T o divert the over-restless people f r o m d i s c u s s i n g p o l i t i c a l problems, we n o w m a k e it appear that we p r o v i d e them w i t h n e w p r o b l e m s , n a m e l y , those p e r t a i n i n g to i n d u s t r y . L e t them become e x c i t e d o v e r this subject as m u c h as they l i k e . T h e masses w i l l consent to r e m a i n inactive, to rest f r o m so-called p o l i t i c a l a c t i v i t y (to w h i c h we ourselves accustomed t h e m for the purpose o f h e l p i n g u s i n o u r struggle against the G O Y gov足 e r n m e n t ) , only on c o n d i t i o n of a new o c c u p a t i o n in w h i c h we can show them supposedly the same p o l i t i c a l b a c k g r o u n d . we

T o prevent t h e m f r o m r e a c h i n g any independent decisions, will divert their minds by amusements, games, pastimes, 44

T H E PROTOCOLS passions, and cultural centers for the people. We w i l l soon begin to offer p r i z e contests, t h r o u g h the press, in the field of art, and sports o f a l l k i n d s . S u c h attractions w i l l definitely deflect the m i n d f r o m p r o b l e m s over w h i c h w e w o u l d otherwise have t o f i g h t w i t h the people. B y l o s i n g m o r e a n d m o r e the c u s t o m o f independent t h o u g h t , they w i l l b e g i n t o talk i n u n i s o n w i t h us, because we alone w i l l p r o v i d e new lines of thought t h r o u g h persons w i t h w h o m o f course w e w i l l p r e s u m ably have no c o n n e c t i o n . T h e rôle o f l i b e r a l U t o p i a n s w i l l b e definitely t e r m i n a t e d w h e n o u r g o v e r n m e n t i s recognized. U n t i l that time, they w i l l do us good service. F o r this reason we w i l l s t i l l direct t h o u g h t t o w a r d s different fantastic theories w h i c h w i l l appear to be p r o gressive. F o r i t w a s b y the w o r d " p r o g r e s s " that w e have successfully t u r n e d the brains o f the stupid G O Y S . T h e r e are no brains a m o n g the G O Y S to realize that this w o r d is but a cover for d i g r e s s i o n f r o m the t r u t h , unless it is a p p l i e d to m a terial inventions, since there is but one truth and there is no room for progress. P r o g r e s s , b e i n g a false conception, serves to conceal the t r u t h so that nobody may k n o w it except o u r selves, G o d ' s elect, w h o are its g u a r d i a n s . W h e n o u r k i n g d o m i s established, o u r orators w i l l discuss the great problems w h i c h have s t i r r e d h u m a n i t y f o r the purpose of b r i n g i n g it finally u n d e r o u r blessed rule. W h o w i l l then suspect that a l l these problems were instigated by us, according to a political plan which has not been disclosed by any one during so many centuries.

PROTOCOL

NO.

XIV

H E N w e become rulers w e w i l l not tolerate the exist ence of any other r e l i g i o n except o u r o w n , w h i c h p r o claims one G o d , w i t h w h o m o u r fate is b o u n d up because we are the C h o s e n P e o p l e , a n d o u r fate has d e t e r m i n e d the fate of the w o r l d . F o r this reason w e must destroy a l l other r e l i g i o n s . If the result of this produces m o d e r n atheists, as a t r a n s i t o r y step, this w i l l not interfere w i t h o u r plans but w i l l act as an example to those generations w h i c h w i l l listen to o u r teach i n g o f the r e l i g i o n o f M o s e s , w h i c h , o w i n g t o its s o l i d a n d t h o u g h t f u l system, w i l l eventually lead to the d o m i n a t i o n of 45

THE

PROTOCOLS

a l l nations b y us. W e w i l l also lay stress o n the m y s t i c a l t r u t h o f M a s o n i c t e a c h i n g w h i c h , w e w i l l assert, i s the f o u n d a t i o n of its w h o l e educative p o w e r . O n every possible occasion w e w i l l then p u b l i s h articles i n w h i c h w e w i l l c o m p a r e o u r beneficial r u l e w i t h that o f the past. T h e benefits of peace, a l t h o u g h attained t h r o u g h cen turies of unrest, w i l l serve to demonstrate the beneficial char acter o f o u r rule. T h e mistakes made b y the G O Y S d u r i n g their a d m i n i s t r a t i o n w i l l be p i c t u r e d by us in the most v i v i d colors. W e w i l l cause such disgust t o w a r d s the a d m i n i s t r a t i o n o f the G O Y S that the masses w i l l prefer the peace of s e r f d o m to the r i g h t s of the m u c h l a u d e d liberty w h i c h has so c r u e l l y t o r t u r e d them a n d d r a i n e d f r o m them the very source of h u m a n exist ence, a n d by w h i c h they were e x p l o i t e d by a mass of a d v e n t u r e r s , i g n o r a n t of what they were d o i n g . The useless changes of government, to which we ourselves prompted the Goys, when we were undermining their governmental apparatus, will become such a nuisance to the people by that time, that they will prefer to endure anything from us rather than risk a repetition of former unrest and hardships. We w i l l , m o r e o v e r , lay p a r t i c u l a r stress on the h i s t o r i c a l mistakes made by the G O Y g o v e r n m e n t s , w h i c h caused h u m a n i t y t o suffer f o r m a n y centuries f o r lack of u n d e r s t a n d i n g of a l l matters p e r t a i n i n g to its true w e l f a r e , a n d because of t h e i r search for fantastic schemes of social welfare. T h e G O Y S d i d not notice that such schemes instead of i m p r o v i n g m u t u a l r e l a t i o n s h i p , w h i c h is the basis of h u m a n existence, have o n l y made it worse. T h e whole force o f o u r principles a n d measures w i l l lie in the fact that they are put f o r w a r d a n d interpreted by us as b e i n g in sharp contrast to the decayed social o r d e r of f o r m e r times. O u r p h i l o s o p h e r s w i l l discuss all the s h o r t c o m i n g s o f the G O Y r e l i g i o n , but nobody w i l l ever discuss o u r r e l i g i o n i n the l i g h t o f its t r u e aspect, a n d nobody w i l l ever t h o r o u g h l y under stand it, except o u r o w n people, w h o w i l l n e v e r dare to disclose its secrets. In countries so-called advanced we have created insane, dirty, and disgusting literature. F o r a short time after o u r entrance into p o w e r we w i l l encourage its p u b l i c a t i o n in order that the contrast between it a n d the speeches a n d p r o g r a m s w h i c h w i l l b e heard f r o m o u r heights s h o u l d b e m o r e p o i n t e d l y 46

T H E PROTOCOLS marked. O u r w i s e m e n , t r a i n e d as guides to the G O Y S , w i l l prepare speeches, p l a n s , m e m o r a n d a , and articles, by w h i c h we w i l l influence the m i n d s and direct them t o w a r d s the c o n ceptions a n d the k n o w l e d g e w h i c h we w i s h t h e m to have.

PROTOCOL

NO.

H E N w e f i n a l l y become r u l e r s b y means o f r e v o l u t i o n s , w h i c h w i l l be a r r a n g e d so that they s h a l l take place s i m ultaneously i n a l l countries and i m m e d i a t e l y after a l l e x i s t i n g governments shall have been officially p r o n o u n c e d as incapable ( w h i c h m a y not h a p p e n soon, perhaps not before a whole cen t u r y ) , we w i l l see to it that no plots are hatched against us. T o effect this, w e w i l l k i l l heartlessly a l l w h o take u p a r m s against the establishment of o u r rule.

T h e establishment of any new secret society w i l l be met by the death penalty, a n d those societies w h i c h n o w exist a n d are k n o w n to us a n d either w o r k or have w o r k e d f o r us, w i l l be disbanded a n d their members e x i l e d to continents f a r r e m o v e d from Europe. We will deal in the same manner with those Masons among the Goys who know too much. T h e M a s o n s w h o m we m a y p a r d o n for any reason w i l l be kept u n d e r c o n t i n u a l fear of exile. We w i l l pass a l a w whereby a l l members of secret o r g a n i z a tions w i l l be e x i l e d f r o m E u r o p e , that b e i n g the center of o u r government. T h e decisions o f o u r g o v e r n m e n t w i l l b e f i n a l and there w i l l be no r i g h t of appeal. In the G O Y society, where we have planted such deep roots of dissension a n d protest, o r d e r can o n l y be restored by m e r c i less measures w h i c h w i l l serve as evidence that o u r p o w e r cannot be i n f r i n g e d . T h e r e is no necessity f o r r e g a r d t o w a r d s the v i c t i m s sacrificed f o r the future g o o d . T o attain g o o d , even t h o u g h by the sacrifice of life, is the d u t y of every g o v ernment w h i c h realizes that its existence depends not u p o n p r i v i l e g e s alone, but u p o n the exercise of its duties as w e l l . T h e most i m p o r t a n t means f o r e r e c t i n g a stable g o v e r n m e n t is to strengthen the prestige of a u t h o r i t y . T h i s is o n l y ob tained b y its majestic a n d unshakable power, w h i c h w i l l convey the i m p r e s s i o n that it is inviolable because of its m y s t i c a l nature, namely, because chosen by G o d . Such until recently 47

T H E PROTOCOLS has been the Russian Autocracy — our only dangerous enemy throughout the world, with the exception of the Pope. Re member I t a l y d r o w n i n g in b l o o d ; she d i d not touch a h a i r on the head of S u l l a w h o had shed that b l o o d . S u l l a h a d become p o w e r f u l in the eyes of the people, a l t h o u g h they were t o r t u r e d b y h i m ; his m a n l y r e t u r n t o Italy placed h i m beyond persecution. T h e people do not touch those w h o h y p n o t i z e t h e m by b r a v e r y a n d steadfastness of spirit. M e a n w h i l e , u n t i l o u r r u l e is established, we, on the con t r a r y , w i l l o r g a n i z e and m u l t i p l y free masonic lodges i n a l l the countries o f the w o r l d . W e w i l l attract t o them a l l those w h o are a n d w h o may become p u b l i c - s p i r i t e d , because in these lodges w i l l be the chief source of i n f o r m a t i o n a n d f r o m them w i l l emanate o u r influence. A l l these lodges w i l l b e centralized u n d e r one management, k n o w n o n l y to us and u n k n o w n to all o t h e r s ; these lodges w i l l be a d m i n i s t e r e d by o u r wise men. T h e lodges w i l l have their o w n representative in this management in o r d e r to screen the above m e n t i o n e d M a s o n i c g o v e r n m e n t ; he w i l l g i v e the pass w o r d a n d elaborate the p r o g r a m . W e w i l l tie the knot o f a l l r e v o l u t i o n a r y l i b e r a l elements in these lodges. T h e i r member ship w i l l consist of a l l strata of society. T h e most secret polit ical plans w i l l b e k n o w n t o u s a n d w i l l fall u n d e r o u r leadership on the v e r y day of t h e i r o r i g i n a t i o n . Among the members of these lodges will be almost all the agents of the international and national police, whose w o r k is indispensable f o r us, inas m u c h as the police not o n l y are able to take independent meas ures against the rebellious, but may also serve to mask o u r actions, p r o v o k e discontent, and so f o r t h . M o s t people w h o become members of secret societies are adventurers, career makers, a n d irresponsible persons i n gen e r a l , w i t h w h o m w e w i l l have n o difficulty i n d e a l i n g and who w i l l help us to set in m o t i o n the m e c h a n i s m of the machine p l a n n e d by us. If this w o r l d becomes p e r t u r b e d , it w i l l o n l y p r o v e that it was necessary f o r us to d i s o r g a n i z e it so as to destroy its too great s o l i d a r i t y . If a plot is laid, it must be headed by one of our most trustworthy servants. It is o n l y n a t u r a l that we want nobody but ourselves to g u i d e the w o r k o f the M a s o n s , for w e k n o w where w e are t r e n d i n g , w e k n o w 1

their

It is i m p o r t a n t to point out that some of the Jews themselves in w r i t i n g s have claimed that M a s o n r y is largely c o n t r o l l e d by

T H E PROTOCOLS the final a i m of every a c t i o n . T h e G O Y S , h o w e v e r , u n d e r s t a n d n o t h i n g , not even the i m m e d i a t e results. T h e y are u s u a l l y c o n cerned about the m o m e n t a r y satisfaction of t h e i r a m b i t i o n s in a c h i e v i n g t h e i r intentions. T h e y do not notice, h o w e v e r , that the i n t e n t i o n itself w a s not initiated by t h e m , but that it was we who gave t h e m the idea. T h e G O Y S become members of the lodges out of pure c u r i osity, or h o p i n g to receive t h e i r share in the p u b l i c funds. T h e r e are others w h o come f o r the purpose of s e i z i n g the o p p o r t u n i t y of p u t t i n g before the p u b l i c their impossible a n d baseless hopes. T h e y l o n g f o r the emotion of success a n d for the applause w h i c h w e g r a n t t h e m l a v i s h l y . W e create t h e i r success in o r d e r to u t i l i z e the self-deception that is b o r n w i t h it a n d by w h i c h people, w i t h o u t n o t i c i n g , begin to f o l l o w our suggestions w i t h o u t suspecting t h e m , a n d b e i n g f u l l y con v i n c e d that their i n f a l l i b i l i t y originates its o w n ideas a n d , therefore, does not need those of others. Y o u have no idea h o w easy it is to b r i n g even the most intelligent G O Y S to a state of unconscious c r e d u l i t y , a n d , on the other h a n d , h o w easy it is to discourage t h e m by the smallest f a i l u r e , or merely by ceasing to a p p l a u d t h e m , thus b r i n g i n g t h e m into s e r v i t u d e for the sake of a c h i e v i n g new success. To the same extent as our people ignore success for the sake of carrying out their plans, so are the GOYS ready to sacrifice all their plans for the sake of success. T h e i r p s y c h o l o g y makes the p r o b l e m of d i rection easier f o r us. T h o s e tigers in appearance have the souls of sheep a n d nonsense filters t h r o u g h their heads. As a hobby we have g i v e n t h e m the d r e a m of s u b m e r g i n g h u m a n i n d i v i d u a l i s m t h r o u g h the s y m b o l i c idea of collectivism. T h e y have not yet discovered and w i l l not discover that this hobby is a clear i n f r i n g e m e n t on the p r i n c i p a l l a w of nature, w h i c h , f r o m the b e g i n n i n g of the w o r l d , created a b e i n g u n l i k e a l l others, precisely f o r the sake of e x p r e s s i n g his i n d i v i d u a l i t y . If we were able to lead t h e m to such insane a n d b l i n d J e w i s h influence. I n this connection the statement o f D r . Isaac M . W i s e may be r e c a l l e d : " M a s o n r y is a J e w i s h i n s t i t u t i o n whose history, decrees, charges, passwords and explanations are J e w i s h , f r o m the b e g i n n i n g to the end, w i t h the exception of o n l y one by-decree and a few w o r d s in the o b l i gation." ( D r . Isaac M. W i s e , The Israelite, A u g u s t 3 r d and 17th, 1855; quoted by S a m u e l O p p e n h e i m in his pamphlet " J e w s and M a s o n r y in the U n i t e d States before 1810," A m e r i c a n J e w i s h H i s t o r i c a l Society, N e w Y o r k , 1910, N o . 19, pp. 1, 2.)

T H E PROTOCOLS beliefs, does it not o b v i o u s l y p r o v e the l o w level of development o f the G O Y m i n d a s c o m p a r e d t o o u r m i n d ? I t i s precisely the t h i n g w h i c h guarantees o u r success. H o w far sighted were o u r wise men o f o l d w h e n they said that to attain a serious object one must not stop at the means, n o r s h o u l d one count the v i c t i m s sacrificed to the cause. We have not counted the v i c t i m s f r o m a m o n g the G O Y S , those seeds of cattle. A l t h o u g h we have sacrificed m a n y of o u r o w n peoples, we have already g i v e n them in r e t u r n a f o r m e r l y undreamed-of p o s i t i o n o n earth. T h e c o m p a r a t i v e l y few v i c tims f r o m a m o n g o u r o w n people have saved o u r race f r o m destruction. D e a t h is the u n a v o i d a b l e end of a l l . It w o u l d be better to accelerate this end f o r those w h o interfere w i t h o u r cause t h a n f o r o u r people or for us, ourselves, the creators of this cause, to die. We kill Masons in such a way that none but the brothers suspect, not even the victims; they all die when it is necessary, apparently from a natural death. K n o w i n g this, even the b r e t h r e n , in their t u r n , dare not protest. It is t h r o u g h such measures that we have uprooted the heart of protest against o u r orders f r o m a m o n g the M a s o n s . P r e a c h i n g liber a l i s m to the G O Y S , at the same t i m e we h o l d o u r people and our agents u n d e r i r o n d i s c i p l i n e . T h r o u g h o u r influence the enforcement o f the G O Y laws has been reduced to a m i n i m u m . T h e prestige of the law has been u n d e r m i n e d by the l i b e r a l interpretations i n t r o d u c e d by us. T h e courts decide as we dictate the most i m p o r t a n t p r i n c i p l e s , both p o l i t i c a l a n d m o r a l , v i e w i n g the cases in the l i g h t presented b y u s for the G O Y a d m i n i s t r a t i o n . T h i s w e accomplished n a t u r a l l y t h r o u g h agents, w i t h w h o m w e have ostensibly no connection, namely, t h r o u g h the press or other wise. E v e n senators a n d h i g h officials b l i n d l y f o l l o w o u r a d vice. T h e p u r e l y a n i m a l m i n d o f the G O Y S i s incapable o f analysis a n d o b s e r v a t i o n , and even less so of foreseeing to what results the development of the p r i n c i p l e i n v o l v e d in a case m a y lead. It is t h r o u g h this difference in the process of r e a s o n i n g be tween us and the G O Y S that it becomes possible clearly to demon strate the stamp of G o d ' s elect as c o m p a r e d to the instinctive a n d bestial m e n t a l i t y of the G O Y S . T h e y see, but they cannot foresee, a n d they cannot invent a n y t h i n g except m a t e r i a l 50

T H E PROTOCOLS things. It is clear, therefore, that nature herself i n t e n d e d us to rule a n d g u i d e the w o r l d . W h e n the time comes f o r o u r open rule, then w i l l be the time t o show its benefits, a n d w e w i l l change a l l the laws. O u r l a w s w i l l be short, clear, irrevocable, a n d r e q u i r i n g no interpreta t i o n , so that everybody w i l l be able to k n o w them t h o r o u g h l y . T h e chief point e m p h a s i z e d in them w i l l be a h i g h l y developed obedience t o a u t h o r i t y , w h i c h w i l l eliminate a l l abuses, f o r a l l w i t h o u t exception w i l l be responsible before the supreme p o w e r vested in the highest a u t h o r i t y . A b u s e o f p o w e r b y m i n o r officials w i l l then disappear, be cause it w i l l be p u n i s h e d so mercilessly that they w i l l lose the desire t o e x p e r i m e n t w i t h their power. W e w i l l closely w a t c h every action of the a d m i n i s t r a t i o n , u p o n w h i c h de pends the action of the g o v e r n m e n t m a c h i n e r y , for c o r r u p t i o n there creates c o r r u p t i o n e v e r y w h e r e ; not a single v i o l a t i o n o f law o r act o f c o r r u p t i o n w i l l r e m a i n u n p u n i s h e d . A c t s o f concealment and w i l l f u l neglect on the p a r t of g o v e r n m e n t a l officials w i l l disappear after they have seen the first e x a m p l e of severe p u n i s h m e n t . T h e prestige of p o w e r necessitates that a p p r o p r i a t e , that is to say severe, p u n i s h m e n t s s h o u l d be inflicted even for the smallest violations of the sanctity of the supreme a u t h o r i t y , c o m m i t t e d for the sake of personal g a i n . T h e g u i l t y , if p u n i s h e d severely, w i l l be like a soldier w h o falls o n the battlefield o f a d m i n i s t r a t i o n f o r the sake o f A u t h o r i t y , P r i n c i p l e , a n d L a w ; these principles d o not a l l o w any d i g r e s s i o n f r o m their s o c i a l f u n c t i o n f o r a personal m o t i v e , even on the part of those w h o r u l e . F o r i n s t a n c e : Our judges will know that by attempting to show stupid mercy, they overstep the law of justice, which was created solely for exemplary punishment of crimes and not for the manifestation of moral qualities on the part of the judge. S u c h qualities are c o m mendable in p r i v a t e , but not in p u b l i c l i f e , w h i c h constitutes the educational f o r u m o f h u m a n life. T h e personnel o f o u r j u d g e s w i l l not r e m a i n i n office after the age of fifty-five. F i r s t , because o l d people adhere more persistently to p r e j u d i c e d o p i n i o n s and are less capable of sub m i t t i n g to new c o m m a n d s ; and secondly, because that enables us to achieve a certain flexibility of change in the personnel, w h i c h w i l l bend m o r e easily u n d e r o u r pressure. He who wishes to retain his p o s i t i o n w i l l have to obey b l i n d l y . 51

T H E PROTOCOLS I n g e n e r a l , o u r judges w i l l b e selected o n l y f r o m a m o n g those w h o w i l l c l e a r l y u n d e r s t a n d that they must p u n i s h people a n d enforce the l a w s , and not i n d u l g e in dreams of l i b e r a l i s m at the expense of the educational p l a n of the g o v e r n m e n t , as is n o w i m a g i n e d b y the G O Y S . T h e m e t h o d o f c h a n g i n g the per sonnel w i l l also serve to u n d e r m i n e the collective s o l i d a r i t y of the g o v e r n m e n t a l officials a n d w i l l attach them to the cause of the g o v e r n m e n t , w h i c h decides their fate. The younger g e n e r a t i o n of j u d g e s w i l l be so educated as to prevent any c r i m i n a l a c t i v i t y w h i c h m i g h t interfere w i t h the i n t e r - r e l a t i o n ship w h i c h we have established f o r o u r subjects. A t present the G O Y judges, l a c k i n g a clear conception o f the nature of their duties, make exceptions to a l l k i n d s of crimes. T h i s occurs because the present rulers, w h e n a p p o i n t i n g judges, do not take the t r o u b l e to encourage the sense of duty and conscientiousness in the w o r k to be p e r f o r m e d by them. As the a n i m a l sends out its y o u n g i n search of prey, so the G O Y S are g i v i n g their subjects responsible offices w i t h o u t t a k i n g the t i m e t o e x p l a i n t h e i r functions. O w i n g t o this, t h e i r rule is u n d e r m i n e d by t h e i r o w n efforts a n d t h r o u g h the actions of their o w n a d m i n i s t r a t i o n . L e t us use the result of such actions as one more e x a m p l e of the advantage of o u r o w n rule. W e w i l l eliminate l i b e r a l i s m f r o m a l l the i m p o r t a n t strategic positions i n o u r a d m i n i s t r a t i o n u p o n w h i c h depend the t r a i n i n g o f o u r subjects f o r o u r social order. T h e s e positions w i l l be g i v e n o n l y to those w h o have been t r a i n e d by us f o r g o v ernmental w o r k . In a n s w e r to a possible remark, that the p u t t i n g of o l d officials on the r e t i r e d list m a y p r o v e expensive f o r the treas u r y , I can state first, that, p r i o r to their d i s m i s s a l , some p r i v a t e w o r k w i l l be f o u n d for them to replace what they are los i n g , a n d secondly, I m a y also r e m a r k , that a l l the w o r l d ' s money w i l l b e concentrated i n o u r h a n d s ; consequently, o u r g o v e r n m e n t need not fear expense. O u r autocracy w i l l b e consistent i n every respect, a n d c o n sequently every m a n i f e s t a t i o n of o u r great p o w e r w i l l be re spected and u n c o n d i t i o n a l l y obeyed. W e w i l l ignore g r u m b l i n g a n d discontent, a n d a l l active manifestations of either w i l l be suppressed by p u n i s h m e n t , w h i c h w i l l serve as an e x a m p l e to the rest of the people. W e w i l l abolish the r i g h t o f appellate courts t o a n n u l j u d i 52

T H E PROTOCOLS c i a l decisions, w h i c h w i l l become the e x c l u s i v e p r e r o g a t i v e o f the sovereign, f o r we cannot p e r m i t the people to t h i n k that an incorrect decision m a y possibly be rendered by the j u d g e s ap足 p o i n t e d by us. S h o u l d , however, such an e r r o r happen, we ourselves w i l l a n n u l the d e c i s i o n ; but the p u n i s h m e n t w h i c h w e w i l l impose u p o n the j u d g e f o r misconception o f his duties and of his r e s p o n s i b i l i t y w i l l be so severe that it w i l l e l i m i n a t e the very possibility of a recurrence. I repeat that we w i l l watch every step t a k e n by o u r a d m i n i s t r a t i o n in o r d e r to en足 able us to satisfy the people, f o r they have a r i g h t to d e m a n d a g o o d appointee f r o m a g o o d a d m i n i s t r a t i o n . I n the person o f o u r sovereign, o u r g o v e r n m e n t w i l l bear the appearance of a p a t r i a r c h a l or fatherly tutelage. The people, o u r subjects, w i l l see in h i m a father w h o takes care of every need, every a c t i o n , and w h o is concerned w i t h every relationship, both a m o n g the subjects themselves a n d between them and the s o v e r e i g n . T h u s , they w i l l become i m b u e d w i t h the idea that it is i m 足 possible f o r them to do w i t h o u t this g u a r d i a n a n d g u i d e if they w i s h to live in a w o r l d of peace a n d quiet. They will recognize the autocracy of our sovereign, whom they will respect and almost deify, especially w h e n they realize that o u r agents do not u s u r p his p o w e r , but merely execute his orders b l i n d l y . T h e y w i l l be g l a d that e v e r y t h i n g is regulated in t h e i r lives, as is done by wise parents w h o w i s h to educate t h e i r c h i l d r e n to a sense of d u t y a n d obedience. W i t h r e g a r d to the secrets of o u r p o l i t i c a l plans, both the masses a n d t h e i r a d m i n i s t r a t i o n are like little c h i l d r e n . As y o u can see f o r yourselves, I base o u r despotism u p o n r i g h t a n d d u t y ; the r i g h t o f f o r c i n g the p e r f o r m a n c e o f duty is the direct f u n c t i o n of g o v e r n m e n t , a c t i n g as the father to its subjects. It is the r i g h t of the s t r o n g to u t i l i z e his p o w e r in order to lead h u m a n i t y t o w a r d s a social o r d e r established by the law of nature, namely, obedience. E v e r y t h i n g in the w o r l d is subject, if not to some other persons, then to c i r c u m 足 stances, or to its o w n n a t u r e ; but in any case, to s o m e t h i n g stronger t h a n itself. Consequently, let us be the strongest f o r the c o m m o n g o o d . W e must sacrifice w i t h o u t hesitation those i n d i v i d u a l s w h o violate the e x i s t i n g order, f o r i n e x e m p l a r y p u n i s h m e n t o f e v i l there lies a great educational p r o b l e m . 53

T H E PROTOCOLS W h e n the K i n g o f I s r a e l places the c r o w n offered t o h i m b y E u r o p e o n his sacred head, h e w i l l become the P a t r i a r c h o f the W o r l d . T h e necessary sacrifices made b y h i m w i l l never equal the n u m b e r of v i c t i m s sacrificed to the m a n i a of great足 ness d u r i n g the centuries o f r i v a l r y between the G O Y g o v e r n 足 ments. O u r sovereign w i l l b e i n constant c o m m u n i c a t i o n w i t h the people, d e l i v e r i n g f r o m tribunes addresses w h i c h w i l l b e spread to a l l parts of the w o r l d .

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O R the purpose o f d e s t r o y i n g all collective forces except o u r o w n , w e w i l l n u l l i f y the universities, the f i r s t stage o f c o l l e c t i v i s m , by r e c o n s t r u c t i n g them a l o n g new lines. Their directors and professors will be trained for their work through detailed secret programs of action, from which they will not be able to deviate in the least with impunity. They will be appointed with special care and will be so placed as to be completely dependent upon the government. W e w i l l e x c l u d e f r o m the c u r r i c u l u m c i v i c l a w , a s w e l l a s a l l that touches u p o n p o l i t i c a l questions. T h e s e subjects w i l l be taught o n l y to a few dozen selected for t h e i r s t r i k i n g a b i l i t y f r o m a m o n g the i n i t i a t e d . The universities must not allow the callow youths to graduate who concoct plans of constitutions as they do comedies or tragedies, or who meddle with political matters which even their fathers do not understand. P o o r l y directed study of p o l i t i c a l questions by a great n u m 足 ber of people creates U t o p i a n s a n d poor citizens, as y o u can j u d g e by the u n i v e r s a l education as conducted by the G O Y S a l o n g those lines. It was necessary f o r us to infiltrate into t h e i r educational system such principles as have successfully b r o k e n d o w n t h e i r social order. W h e n w e are i n p o w e r , w e w i l l eliminate a l l d i s t u r b i n g subjects f r o m educational systems a n d w i l l m a k e y o u n g people obedient c h i l d r e n of their supe足 r i o r s , l o v i n g the sovereign as their assurance of hope, peace, a n d quiet. F o r the study of the classics and ancient h i s t o r y , w h i c h contain more bad t h a n g o o d examples, w e w i l l substitute a p r o g r a m d e a l i n g w i t h the future. W e w i l l obliterate f r o m 54

T H E PROTOCOLS the m e m o r y of the people a l l those facts p e r t a i n i n g to f o r m e r centuries w h i c h are not to o u r advantage, l e a v i n g o n l y those w h i c h emphasize the mistakes o f the G O Y g o v e r n m e n t s . T h e study of practical l i f e , of o b l i g a t o r y social o r d e r , of the i n t e r relationship of h u m a n beings, the avoidance of e v i l , egotistical examples that plant the seed of e v i l , and other questions of a pedagogical nature, w i l l head the educational p r o g r a m . T h i s p r o g r a m w i l l differ f o r each caste, never a l l o w i n g e d u c a t i o n t o be of a u n i f o r m character. S u c h a system is of special i m portance. E a c h caste must be educated w i t h strict l i m i t a t i o n s , a c c o r d i n g to its p a r t i c u l a r o c c u p a t i o n a n d the nature of the w o r k . A c c i d e n t a l genius has a l w a y s been able and always w i l l be able to rise to a h i g h e r caste; but, f o r the sake of this rare exception, to open the d o o r to the inefficient, a n d to a d m i t t h e m to h i g h e r castes or ranks, e n a b l i n g t h e m to occupy positions of others b o r n and t r a i n e d to fill t h e m — is absolute insanity. Y o u , y o u r self, k n o w what happened to the G O Y S w h e n they y i e l d e d to this nonsense. In o r d e r to i m p l a n t the sovereign f i r m l y in the m i n d s a n d hearts of his subjects, it is necessary to acquaint the people, d u r i n g his t e r m of office, both in schools and in p u b l i c places, w i t h the i m p o r t a n c e of his a c t i v i t y and the benevolence of his enterprises. W e w i l l abolish a l l unlicensed teaching. Students w i l l have the r i g h t to gather, w i t h their relatives, in their colleges as if in clubs. D u r i n g these g a t h e r i n g s , on h o l i d a y s , the teachers w i l l read supposedly unbiased lectures on problems of h u m a n r e l a t i o n s h i p , on the law of i m i t a t i o n , on the cruelty of u n restricted c o m p e t i t i o n , and finally, on n e w p h i l o s o p h i c a l theo ries w h i c h have not yet been disclosed to the w o r l d . W e w i l l p r o m o t e these theories into d o g m a t i c beliefs, u s i n g t h e m a s stepping-stones t o o u r f a i t h . A f t e r h a v i n g presented o u r p r o g r a m of a c t i o n f o r the present a n d f o r the f u t u r e , I w i l l read to y o u the p r i n c i p l e s of these theories. I n short, k n o w i n g f r o m the experience o f m a n y centuries that men l i v e a n d are g u i d e d by ideas, that these ideas are imbued o n l y by means of education g i v e n to persons of a l l ages, of course by different methods but m e e t i n g w i t h equal success, we w i l l absorb and appropriate to o u r o w n advantage the last traces of independent t h o u g h t , w h i c h f o r a l o n g t i m e 55

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h a v e been directed to the g o a l a n d to the ideas necessary to us. T h e system of e n s l a v i n g thought is already in action t h r o u g h so-called v i s u a l education. T h i s system tends t o t u r n the G O Y S into thoughtless, obedient a n i m a l s , e x p e c t i n g to see in o r d e r to u n d e r s t a n d . In F r a n c e one of o u r best agents, B o u r g e o i s , has a l r e a d y a n n o u n c e d a new p r o g r a m o f v i s u a l education.

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H E lawyer's p r o f e s s i o n makes people g r o w c o l d , c r u e l , stubborn and u n p r i n c i p l e d , and compels t h e m to take an abstract o r purely legal v i e w p o i n t i n a l l matters. T h e y have learned to consider solely the personal gain d e r i v e d f r o m every case they handle and not the possibility of the social benefit of its results. T h e y r a r e l y refuse to take a case a n d always strive for acquittal at a l l cost, c l i n g i n g to m i n o r technical points of a legal nature. In this way they d e m o r a l i z e the courts. T h e r e f o r e we w i l l l i m i t this profession, c o n v e r t i n g it into an executive p u b l i c office. L a w y e r s w i l l be d e p r i v e d of the r i g h t of contact w i t h their clients on the same basis as are the judges. T h e y w i l l receive their cases o n l y f r o m the court, p r e p a r i n g t h e m on the strength of w r i t t e n reports and d o c u Â ments and d e f e n d i n g their clients after they have been exÂ a m i n e d in court on the basis of the facts obtained d u r i n g the trial. T h e y w i l l receive a salary, regardless of w h e t h e r the defense has been successful or not. T h e y w i l l act as simple exponents of the case on behalf of the defense in counterbalance to the public prosecutor, w h o w i l l act as exponent on behalf o f the prosecution. T h i s w i l l shorten legal p r o c e d u r e and establish an honest a n d i m p a r t i a l defense, conducted not for the sake of personal g a i n , but based on the personal c o n v i c t i o n of the lawyer. T h i s w i l l also eliminate the e x i s t i n g bribery a m o n g f e l l o w lawyers and prevent their a l l o w i n g the side to w i n w h i c h pays. We have already taken care to discredit the c l e r g y of the G O Y S and thus to u n d e r m i n e their f u n c t i o n , w h i c h at the present time c o u l d have been very m u c h i n o u r way. Their influence over the people d i m i n i s h e s daily. To-day

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has

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T H E PROTOCOLS w h e r e ; consequently, it is o n l y a question of a few years before the complete collapse of Christendom. It w i l l be s t i l l easier to deal w i t h other r e l i g i o n s , but it is too early to discuss this p r o b l e m . W e w i l l confine c l e r i c a l i s m and clericals w i t h i n such a n a r r o w field that t h e i r influence w i l l have an effect opposite to w h a t it used to have. W h e n the m o m e n t comes t o annihilate the V a t i c a n c o m 足 pletely, a n i n v i s i b l e h a n d , p o i n t i n g t o w a r d s this c o u r t , w i l l g u i d e the masses in t h e i r assault. W h e n , however, the masses attack, we w i l l come f o r w a r d as defenders to prevent too m u c h bloodshed. B y this m e t h o d w e w i l l penetrate its very heart a n d w i l l not leave it u n t i l we have u n d e r m i n e d its power. T h e K i n g o f I s r a e l w i l l become the real P o p e U n i v e r s e , the P a t r i a r c h o f the I n t e r n a t i o n a l C h u r c h .

the

B u t u n t i l we have a c c o m p l i s h e d the re-education of the y o u t h to new t r a n s i t i o n a l r e l i g i o n s and finally to o u r o w n , we will not openly attack the existing churches, but will fight them by means of criticism, thus creating dissension. I n general, o u r press w i l l denounce g o v e r n m e n t a l activities a n d r e l i g i o n , a n d w i l l expose the inefficiency o f the G O Y S i n the most u n s c r u p u l o u s terms, so as to h u m i l i a t e t h e m to such an ex足 tent as o n l y o u r i n g e n i o u s race is capable of d o i n g . O u r r u l e w i l l simulate the G o d V i s h n u , w h o resembles u s p h y s i c a l l y ; each o f o u r h u n d r e d hands w i l l h o l d one o f the s p r i n g s o f the social machine. W e w i l l see e v e r y t h i n g w i t h o u t the a i d o f the official p o l i c e ; in its present o r g a n i z a t i o n , h o w e v e r , w h i c h we have w o r k e d out f o r the G O Y S , the police prevent the g o v e r n 足 ment f r o m seeing a n y t h i n g . A c c o r d i n g t o o u r p r o g r a m , onet h i r d of o u r subjects w i l l w a t c h the others f r o m a pure sense of duty, as volunteers for the g o v e r n m e n t . T h e n it w i l l not be considered d i s g r a c e f u l to be a spy and an i n f o r m e r ; on the c o n t r a r y , it w i l l be r e g a r d e d as p r a i s e w o r t h y . U n f o u n d e d re足 ports, however, w i l l be severely p u n i s h e d to prevent abuse of this p r i v i l e g e . O u r agents w i l l b e r e c r u i t e d both f r o m a m o n g the highest and the lowest r a n k s of s o c i e t y ; they w i l l be selected f r o m a m o n g the p l e a s u r e - l o v i n g g o v e r n m e n t a l officials, editors, printers, booksellers, salesmen, w o r k m e n , d r i v e r s , butlers, etc. T h i s police force w i l l have n o official r i g h t s o r credentials, w h i c h g i v e o p p o r t u n i t y for the abuse of p o w e r , and conse57

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quently it w i l l be p o w e r l e s s ; it w i l l m e r e l y act as observer a n d w i l l make reports. T h e verification o f such reports a n d the issue of w a r r a n t s f o r arrests w i l l rest w i t h a responsible g r o u p o f police c o n t r o l l e r s . T h e actual arrests, h o w e v e r , w i l l b e made by a g e n d a r m e corps or the m u n i c i p a l police. In case of f a i l u r e to report any p o l i t i c a l matter w h i c h has been observed or r u m o r e d , the person w h o s h o u l d have reported it may be b r o u g h t to t r i a l f o r concealment of c r i m e , if it is p r o v e n that he is g u i l t y . In the same way that our brethren are now under obligation to report on their own initiative on all apostates, or on any person m a r k e d as b e i n g opposed to the K e h i l l a h , so in o u r U n i v e r s a l K i n g d o m i t w i l l b e o b l i g a t o r y f o r a l l subjects t o serve the state in that d i r e c t i o n . S u c h a n o r g a n i z a t i o n w i l l eliminate a l l abuse o f p o w e r a n d v a r i o u s k i n d s of coercion and c o r r u p t i o n , in fact, the very things w h i c h have been i n t r o d u c e d into the customs of the G O Y S by o u r councils and by the theories of the r i g h t s of supermen. B u t h o w otherwise c o u l d we foment the increasÂ i n g causes f o r d i s o r d e r i n the m i d s t o f t h e i r a d m i n i s t r a t i o n ? W h a t other means c o u l d w e use? A m o n g these means, one o f the most i m p o r t a n t is the employment of s u c h agents for the p r e s e r v a t i o n of o r d e r as are in a p o s i t i o n to manifest their o w n e v i l i n c l i n a t i o n s i n the course o f t h e i r destructive w o r k , namely, their s e l f - w i l l , abuse of a u t h o r i t y , a n d , most i m p o r t a n t of all, bribery.

PROTOCOL N O . X V I I I

H E N the t i m e comes f o r u s t o strengthen the measures of police p r o t e c t i o n (the most t e r r i b l e p o i s o n f o r the prestige o f a u t h o r i t y ) , w e w i l l a r t i f i c i a l l y o r g a n i z e d i s o r d e r o r simulate the e x p r e s s i o n of discontent w i t h the a i d of expeÂ rienced orators. T h e s e orators w i l l be j o i n e d by sympathizers. T h i s w i l l g i v e u s the pretext f o r searches a n d special restricÂ tions w h i c h w i l l b e put i n force b y o u r servants a m o n g the G O Y police. As most conspirators w o r k as amateurs f o r the sake of c h a t t e r i n g , we w i l l not disturb t h e m u n t i l we see that they are about to take a c t i o n ; but we w i l l i n t r o d u c e in t h e i r midst 58

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secret service agents. It must be remembered that the pres足 tige of a u t h o r i t y d i m i n i s h e s if conspiracies against it are often discovered, f o r that leads to the p r e s u m p t i o n of the weakness of the a u t h o r i t y , o r , w h a t is worse, to the a d m i s s i o n of its o w n mistakes. Y o u are a w a r e that w e have destroyed the prestige o f the r u l i n g G O Y S b y frequent attempts made o n t h e i r lives t h r o u g h o u r agents, w h o were but b l i n d sheep o f o u r flock, easily m o v e d , by a few l i b e r a l phrases, to c r i m e s , so l o n g as they were of a p o l i t i c a l nature. We have forced the rulers to admit their own weakness by adopting open measures of police protection, and thereby we have ruined the prestige of their authority. O u r s o v e r e i g n w i l l b e protected o n l y b y the most i n v i s i b l e g u a r d , because we w i l l n e v e r a l l o w any one to t h i n k that c o n 足 s p i r a c y m i g h t exist against h i m w h i c h he is unable to combat a n d f r o m w h i c h he has to hide h i m s e l f . If we were to a l l o w this thought to p r e v a i l , as it prevails a m o n g the G O Y S , we w o u l d thereby s i g n the death w a r r a n t , if not of the sovereign h i m 足 self, then of his d y n a s t y in the near future. O b s e r v i n g strict d e c o r u m , o u r sovereign w i l l use his p o w e r o n l y f o r the benefit of the people, but n e v e r f o r his o w n g o o d o r f o r that o f h i s dynasty. B y s t r i c t l y a d h e r i n g t o this d e c o r u m , his a u t h o r i t y w i l l be respected a n d protected by his subjects; m o r e o v e r , he w i l l be w o r s h i p e d , because it w i l l be k n o w n that u p o n his a u t h o r i t y depends the w e l l - b e i n g of every citizen of the k i n g d o m , a n d the stability of the social o r d e r itself. To guard the sovereign openly is equivalent to an admission the weakness of his governmental organization. O u r sovereign, w h e n amidst his people, w i l l a l w a y s appear to be s u r r o u n d e d by a c r o w d of c u r i o u s m e n a n d w o m e n , w h o w i l l stand beside h i m a s t h o u g h accidentally a n d w i l l h o l d back the other people as t h o u g h t h r o u g h respect f o r o r d e r . T h i s ex足 ample w i l l i m p l a n t a n idea o f self-restraint i n others. I f there b e a person in the c r o w d t r y i n g to present a p e t i t i o n , a n d w o r k i n g his w a y t h r o u g h the r a n k s , the person nearest t o h i m m u s t take the petition a n d present it to the sovereign in sight of of

the petitioner h i m s e l f , so that a l l m a y k n o w that the p e t i t i o n presented has reached its destination a n d consequently that there exists a c o n t r o l of affairs on the part of the s o v e r e i g n h i m s e l f . T h e prestige o f a u t h o r i t y demands that the people 59

T H E PROTOCOLS s h o u l d b e able t o say, " I f o n l y the k i n g c o u l d k n o w i t , " o r , " T h e k i n g w i l l k n o w about t h i s . " W i t h the establishment o f a n official police g u a r d the m y s t i c a l prestige of a u t h o r i t y vanishes at o n c e ; w i t h a certain a m o u n t of a u d a c i t y , every one considers h i m s e l f s u p e r i o r to a u t h o r i t y ; the assassin realizes his strength a n d o n l y has to w a t c h his o p p o r t u n i t y t o m a k e a n attempt against a n official. We preached differently f o r the G O Y S , but we can see the results to w h i c h open methods of protection have led them. W e w i l l arrest c r i m i n a l s u p o n the first m o r e o r less w e l l founded suspicion. Because of the fear of a possible mistake p o l i t i c a l c r i m i n a l s s h o u l d not be g i v e n the o p p o r t u n i t y to escape; indeed t o w a r d s p o l i t i c a l c r i m e w e w i l l s h o w n o mercy. If, in e x c e p t i o n a l cases, it may seem possible to a l l o w the i n v e s t i g a t i o n o f motives w h i c h have led t o o r d i n a r y c r i m i n a l offences, there is no excuse f o r those w h o attempt to deal w i t h matters w h i c h no one can understand except the g o v e r n m e n t . M o r e o v e r , not even a l l governments are capable of u n d e r s t a n d i n g the r i g h t p o l i c y .

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H O U G H w e w i l l not a l l o w i n d i v i d u a l s to become i n v o l v e d in politics, we w i l l , on the other h a n d , encourage the sub m i s s i o n for the a p p r o v a l of the g o v e r n m e n t of a l l petitions a n d reports c o n t a i n i n g suggestions and plans f o r b e t t e r i n g the c o n d i t i o n o f the people. T h i s w i l l bring to our knowledge the s h o r t c o m i n g s or merely the fantastic aspirations of o u r subjects. T h e s e suggestions we w i l l answer either by f a v o r able a c t i o n or by refusals p r o v i n g the lack of intelligence a n d the e r r o r s of those w h o have submitted such suggestions. S e d i t i o n is n o t h i n g but the b a r k i n g of a lap d o g at an ele p h a n t . F r o m the point of v i e w of a g o v e r n m e n t w h i c h is w e l l o r g a n i z e d , not f r o m the police standpoint but w i t h r e g a r d to its social basis, the lap d o g b a r k s at the elephant because he does not realize his strength. It is only necessary f o r the elephant to s h o w his strength once a n d the d o g b a r k s no m o r e ; he begins to w a g h i s t a i l the moment he sees the elephant. I n o r d e r t o e l i m i n a t e the prestige o f m a r t y r d o m f r o m p o l i t i c a l c r i m e , we w i l l seat the p o l i t i c a l c r i m i n a l on the same bench 60

T H E PROTOCOLS w i t h thieves, m u r d e r e r s , a n d other d i s g u s t i n g and d i r t y c r i m i nals. T h e n p u b l i c o p i n i o n w i l l r e g a r d that class o f c r i m i n a l s as quite as d i s g r a c e f u l as any other, and w i l l b r a n d them w i t h equal contempt. We have endeavored to prevent, a n d I hope have succeeded i n p r e v e n t i n g , the G O Y S f r o m u s i n g such methods o f d e a l i n g w i t h seditious activities. In o r d e r to attain this end, we have made use of the press and p u b l i c speeches; i n d i r e c t l y , t h r o u g h cleverly c o m p i l e d h i s t o r i c a l textbooks, w e have g i v e n p u b l i c i t y to m a r t y r d o m as t h o u g h r e v o l u t i o n i s t s h a d u n d e r g o n e it f o r the sake o f h u m a n w e l f a r e . S u c h a n advertisement has i n creased the contingent of liberals a n d f o r c e d thousands of G O Y S into the herds o f o u r cattle.

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O - D A Y w e s h a l l deal w i t h the f i n a n c i a l p r o g r a m , the d i s cussion of w h i c h I have postponed u n t i l the end of my report because it is the most difficult, conclusive, a n d decisive point in o u r plans. In a p p r o a c h i n g it, I w i l l r e m i n d y o u that I have already i n t i m a t e d that the result of o u r actions is meas ured in figures. W h e n w e become r u l e r s , o u r autocratic g o v e r n m e n t , f o r the sake o f self-defense, w i l l a v o i d b u r d e n i n g the people w i t h heavy taxes, a n d it w i l l not forget the rôle it has to p l a y , namely, that o f F a t h e r a n d P r o t e c t o r . B u t a s g o v e r n m e n t o r g a n i z a t i o n is costly, it is necessary to raise the means for its maintenance. C o n s e q u e n t l y , we must c a r e f u l l y w o r k out the p l a n of a f a i r d i s t r i b u t i o n of t a x a t i o n . I n o u r g o v e r n m e n t the s o v e r e i g n w i l l have the legal f i c t i o n o f o w n i n g e v e r y t h i n g i n his k i n g d o m ( w h i c h i s easily put into p r a c t i c e ) , a n d can resort to legal confiscation of a l l m o n e y in o r d e r to regulate its c i r c u l a t i o n t h r o u g h o u t the c o u n t r y . Consequently, the best m e t h o d of t a x a t i o n is the l e v y i n g of a

p r o g r e s s i v e t a x o n p r o p e r t y . T a x e s w i l l thus b e p a i d w i t h o u t difficulty or r u i n in respective p r o p o r t i o n to the a m o u n t of p r o p e r t y o w n e d . T h e r i c h must realize that it is their d u t y to g i v e a part of t h e i r s u r p l u s wealth f o r the benefit of the c o u n t r y as a whole, because the g o v e r n m e n t guarantees i n v i o l a b i l i t y o f the r e m a i n i n g part o f t h e i r p r o p e r t y a n d the r i g h t o f 61

T H E PROTOCOLS honest g a i n . prevent legal T h i s social ripe a n d it is

I say honest because the c o n t r o l of p r o p e r t y w i l l theft. r e f o r m must come f r o m above, for the t i m e is b e c o m i n g necessary as a guarantee of peace.

T h e t a x on the p o o r is the seed of r e v o l u t i o n , a n d it acts d e t r i m e n t a l l y to the g o v e r n m e n t , w h i c h loses the great in its p u r s u i t of the l i t t l e . M o r e o v e r , the t a x a t i o n of capital w i l l lessen the increase o f wealth i n private h a n d s , i n w h i c h at present we have concentrated it as a c o u n t e r w e i g h t to the g o v e r n m e n t a l p o w e r of the G O Y S , namely, to the state treasury. P r o g r e s s i v e t a x a t i o n , assessed a c c o r d i n g to the amount of capital, w i l l produce a m u c h greater revenue than the present system of t a x i n g every one at an equal rate, w h i c h is useful to us n o w o n l y as a means of e x c i t i n g revolt and discontent a m o n g the G O Y S . T h e p o w e r of o u r sovereign w i l l rest m a i n l y i n e q u i l i b r i u m a n d in guarantees of peace. F o r these, the capiÂ talists must cede a part of t h e i r income so as to protect the a c t i o n of the g o v e r n m e n t machine. P u b l i c needs must be met by those w h o can best a f f o r d to do so and by those f r o m w h o m there is s o m e t h i n g to take. S u c h a measure w i l l eliminate the hatred of the p o o r t o w a r d s the r i c h , as they w i l l be r e g a r d e d as the financial supporters of the state a n d the u p h o l d e r s of peace and p r o s p e r i t y . The p o o r w i l l also see that the r i c h are p r o v i d i n g the necessary means to i n s u r e this end. T o prevent i n t e l l i g e n t t a x p a y e r s f r o m b e i n g too discontented w i t h the new system o f t a x a t i o n , they w i l l b e f u r n i s h e d w i t h detailed reports of the disbursement of p u b l i c f u n d s , e x c l u s i v e of such as are a p p r o p r i a t e d f o r the needs of the throne and administrative institutions. T h e sovereign w i l l not o w n property, since e v e r y t h i n g i n the state w i l l seem to b e l o n g to h i m a n d these t w o conceptions w o u l d contradict each other. P r i v a t e means w o u l d eliminate his r i g h t t o o w n e v e r y t h i n g . T h e relatives of the s o v e r e i g n , aside f r o m his descendants w h o w i l l also be supported by the state, must j o i n the r a n k s o f g o v e r n m e n t officials, o r otherwise w o r k f o r the r i g h t of holding property. T h e privilege of being of royal blood must not entitle t h e m to rob the state treasury. Sales, profits, or inheritances w i l l be t a x e d by a p r o g r e s s i v e 62

T H E PROTOCOLS stamp tax. T h e t r a n s f e r o f p r o p e r t y , whether i n cash o r otherwise, w i t h o u t the r e q u i r e d stamp, w i l l place the p a y m e n t of the t a x on the o r i g i n a l o w n e r , d a t i n g f r o m the time of the transfer u n t i l the t i m e of the reported f a i l u r e to r e c o r d the transaction. T r a n s f e r vouchers must be s h o w n w e e k l y at the local b r a n c h of the state t r e a s u r y , together w i t h a statement of the names, surnames, a n d the permanent addresses both of the o r i g i n a l a n d of the new o w n e r . T h e r e c o r d i n g of the names of those p a r t i c i p a t i n g in a t r a n s a c t i o n w i l l be necessary in a l l transactions i n v o l v i n g m o r e t h a n a certain a m o u n t f o r o r d i n a r y expenditure. T h e sale of p r i m e necessities w i l l be t a x e d o n l y by a stamp tax, w h i c h w i l l represent a certain s m a l l per cent of the cost of the p a r t i c u l a r article. Just calculate h o w m a n y times the a m o u n t received f r o m such taxes w i l l exceed the income o f the G O Y g o v e r n m e n t s . T h e state bank m u s t keep a definite reserve f u n d , a n d a l l sums in excess must be put back into c i r c u l a t i o n . T h e cost of public w o r k s w i l l be met out of this surplus f u n d . T h e i n i t i a t i v e o f such w o r k s e m a n a t i n g f r o m the g o v e r n m e n t w i l l also tie the w o r k i n g class to the interests of the g o v e r n m e n t a n d the rulers. S o m e of this money w i l l be allotted to p r i z e s for inventions and for the purposes of p r o d u c t i o n . E v e n s m a l l sums in excess of a certain definite a n d b r o a d l y calculated f u n d , s h o u l d not be a l l o w e d to be kept in the state treasury, because m o n e y is intended to circulate, a n d every i m p e d i m e n t to c i r c u l a t i o n is d e t r i m e n t a l to the g o v e r n m e n t a l m e c h a n i s m , w h i c h the money l u b r i c a t e s ; the congestion of l u b r i c a t i n g substances can stop the p r o p e r f u n c t i o n i n g of the mechanism. T h e substitution of bonds f o r a part of the c u r r e n c y has created just such an i m p e d i m e n t . T h e result of this has already become sufficiently evident. We w i l l also establish an a u d i t i n g office, so as to enable the sovereign to find at a l l times a f u l l account of state revenues and expenses, except f o r the c u r r e n t m o n t h not yet made u p , a n d that of the p r e v i o u s m o n t h not yet presented. T h e o n l y person w h o w i l l not b e interested i n r o b b i n g the state t r e a s u r y w i l l be the s o v e r e i g n , its o w n e r . T h i s is the reason w h y his c o n t r o l w i l l prevent the possibility of loss or misappropriation. R e c e p t i o n s for the purpose of etiquette, w h i c h waste the 63

T H E PROTOCOLS v a l u a b l e t i m e of the s o v e r e i g n , w i l l be abolished, because the r u l e r needs t i m e f o r c o n t r o l and thought. T h e n his p o w e r w i l l not be f r i t t e r e d a w a y on the people s u r r o u n d i n g the t h r o n e f o r the sake of appearance a n d b r i l l i a n c e , a n d w h o have only their o w n a n d not the p u b l i c interest i n m i n d . T h e economic crises were created by us f o r the G O Y S o n l y b y the w i t h d r a w a l o f money f r o m c i r c u l a t i o n . H u g e a m o u n t s of capital w e r e kept idle a n d w e r e taken away f r o m the nations, w h i c h w e r e thus compelled to apply to us f o r loans. P a y m e n t of interest on these loans b u r d e n e d the state finances a n d made the states subservient to c a p i t a l . T h e concentration of i n d u s t r y h a v i n g t a k e n p r o d u c t i o n out of the hands of the a r t i s a n a n d put it into the hands of capitalists, sucked all the p o w e r out of the people a n d also out of the state. T h e present issue of money generally does not coincide w i t h the need per capita, and consequently it cannot satisfy all the needs of the w o r k i n g classes. T h e issue of c u r r e n c y must c o r r e s p o n d w i t h the increase in p o p u l a t i o n , and c h i l d r e n must be reckoned as consumers f r o m the day of t h e i r b i r t h . T h e r e v i s i o n of the issue of c u r r e n c y is an essential p r o b l e m f o r the whole w o r l d . Y o u k n o w that g o l d c u r r e n c y was d e t r i m e n t a l t o the gov ernments that accepted it, f o r it c o u l d not satisfy the r e q u i r e ments for money, since we took as m u c h g o l d as possible out of circulation. We must issue a c u r r e n c y based on the v a l u e of the w o r k i n g p o w e r , w h e t h e r i t b e o f paper o r w o o d . W e w i l l issue money in p r o p o r t i o n to the n o r m a l demands of every subject, a d d i n g a certain a m o u n t at every b i r t h and decreasing it w i t h every death. E v e r y department (the F r e n c h a d m i n i s t r a t i v e d i v i s i o n s ) , e v e r y d i s t r i c t , w i l l b e i n charge o f its o w n accounts.

T o a v o i d a n y delay i n p a y i n g g o v e r n m e n t expenses, the terms of such payments w i l l be decreed by o r d e r of the s o v e r e i g n ; this w i l l eliminate a n y f a v o r i t i s m o f the m i n i s t r y ( o f f i n a n c e ) o v e r any other department to the detriment of the others. T h e budget o f revenues and the budget o f e x p e n d i t u r e w i l l be placed side by side, in o r d e r that they m a y a l w a y s be c o m p a r e d w i t h each other. 2

1 2

T h e w o r d s in parentheses w o u l d seem to be a comment of N i l u s ' s . T h e w o r d s in parentheses are inserted by the editors.

T H E PROTOCOLS W e w i l l present plans f o r the r e f o r m o f the G O Y financial institutions a n d of t h e i r p r i n c i p l e s , as planned by us, in such a manner that n o b o d y w i l l b e f r i g h t e n e d . W e w i l l demonstrate the need of r e f o r m by the d i s o r d e r l y t w a d d l e p r o d u c e d by the f i n a n c i a l d i s o r g a n i z a t i o n o f the G O Y S . W e w i l l show that the first reason f o r this c o n f u s i o n lies in the d r a f t i n g of r o u g h estiÂ mates f o r the budget, w h i c h increases f r o m year to year. T h i s a n n u a l budget is w i t h great difficulty made to last d u r i n g the first h a l f of the y e a r ; then a revised budget is demanded and the funds thus allotted are spent in the next three m o n t h s , after w h i c h a s u p p l e m e n t a r y budget is called for and a l l this is w o u n d up by a l i q u i d a t i o n budget. As the budget of the f o l Â l o w i n g year is based on the total e x p e n d i t u r e of the p r e c e d i n g year, the divergence f r o m the n o r m a l reaches fifty per cent a n n u a l l y , so that the a n n u a l budget trebles every ten years. O w i n g to such a p r o c e d u r e , r e s u l t i n g f r o m the carelessness of the Goy g o v e r n m e n t s , their treasuries became e m p t y . The period of loans f o l l o w e d and used up the r e m a i n d e r and b r o u g h t all the G O Y states t o b a n k r u p t c y . Y o u can well u n d e r s t a n d that such a management of financial affairs as we i n d u c e d the G O Y S to p u r s u e cannot be adopted by us. E v e r y loan proves the i m p o t e n c y of the g o v e r n m e n t a n d its f a i l u r e to u n d e r s t a n d its o w n r i g h t s . L o a n s , like the s w o r d of D a m o c l e s , h a n g above the heads of the r u l e r s , w h o instead of p l a c i n g t e m p o r a r y taxes on their subjects, stretch f o r t h their hands a n d beg the c h a r i t y o f o u r bankers. F o r e i g n loans are leeches, w h i c h can never be removed f r o m the g o v Â ernmental body u n t i l they either f a l l off themselves or the g o v e r n m e n t itself manages t o get r i d o f them. B u t the G O Y g o v e r n m e n t s instead of t h r o w i n g them off increase t h e i r n u m b e r , so that these g o v e r n m e n t s must i n e v i t a b l y p e r i s h t h r o u g h self-inflicted loss of b l o o d . Indeed, what is a l o a n , especially a f o r e i g n l o a n , if not a leech? A loan is the issuance of g o v e r n m e n t o b l i g a t i o n s w h i c h i n v o l v e the l i a b i l i t y to pay interest in p r o p o r t i o n to the s u m b o r r o w e d . If the loan pays five per cent, then in t w e n t y years the g o v e r n m e n t has unnecessarily p a i d in interest an a m o u n t equal t o the p r i n c i p a l s u m b o r r o w e d . I n f o r t y years it has p a i d t w i c e ; in s i x t y years it has trebled the s u m , w h i l e the loan still r e m a i n s an u n p a i d debt. 65

T H E PROTOCOLS F r o m this c a l c u l a t i o n it is evident that u n d e r the system of u n i v e r s a l t a x a t i o n the g o v e r n m e n t takes the last penny f r o m the p o o r t a x p a y e r s in the f o r m of taxes in o r d e r to pay interest to f o r e i g n capitalists, f r o m w h o m the m o n e y was borÂ r o w e d , instead of c o l l e c t i n g these same pennies for its needs free f r o m a l l interest. So l o n g as the loans were domestic, the G o y s o n l y shifted the m o n e y f r o m the pockets of the p o o r into those of the r i c h ; but when we b r i b e d the proper persons to m a k e the loans f o r e i g n , then n a t i o n a l riches poured into o u r hands a n d a l l the G O Y S began to pay us the tribute of subjects. T h e carelessness of the r e i g n i n g G O Y S i n statemanship, the c o r r u p t i o n of t h e i r m i n i s t e r s , the ignorance of other officials of financial problems, has f o r c e d their countries into debt to o u r banks to such an extent that they can never pay off their debts. It s h o u l d be realized, however, that we have gone to great pains in o r d e r to b r i n g about such a state of affairs. I m p e d i m e n t s to the c i r c u l a t i o n of money w i l l not be a l l o w e d by us, a n d therefore there w i l l be no g o v e r n m e n t bonds, except one p e r cent bonds, so that the p a y m e n t of interest s h o u l d not d e l i v e r the p o w e r of the state to the s u c k i n g of leeches. T h e r i g h t o f i s s u i n g bonds w i l l b e e x c l u s i v e l y g r a n t e d to i n d u s t r i a l c o r p o r a t i o n s , w h i c h w i l l easily pay the interest out of their profits. T h e g o v e r n m e n t , h o w e v e r , does not derive profit on b o r r o w e d money as these c o r p o r a t i o n s do, since the state b o r r o w s money f o r e x p e n d i t u r e and not for production. I n d u s t r i a l bonds w i l l also be bought by the g o v e r n m e n t , w h i c h instead of b e i n g , as at present, the p a y e r of tribute on loans, w i l l become a s o u n d creditor. S u c h a measure w i l l prevent stagnation in the c i r c u l a t i o n of money, as w e l l as i n d o Â lence a n d laziness, w h i c h w e r e u s e f u l to us so l o n g as the G o y s r e m a i n e d independent, but are not wanted by us in o u r g o v Â ernment. H o w apparent is the shortsightedness of the p u r e l y bestial brains o f the G O Y S ! I t manifested itself w h e n they b o r r o w e d money f o r at interest. It d i d not occur to the G O Y S that, at any rate, this money, w i t h the a d d i t i o n a l interest on it, w o u l d have to be t a k e n f r o m the resources of the c o u n t r y a n d p a i d to us. W o u l d it not have been m o r e simple to take the needed money f r o m their o w n people? 66

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I direct y o u r express attention to the above c i r c u m s t a n c e , as also to the f o l l o w i n g : At present a l l domestic loans are consolidated into so-called floating debts; in other w o r d s , into those whose terms of payment are more or less close at h a n d . S u c h debts consist o f m o n e y placed i n savings banks. Being at the disposal of the g o v e r n m e n t , f o r a considerable length of time, these funds v a n i s h in the payment of interest on f o r e i g n loans, a n d they are replaced by an equal a m o u n t of g o v e r n Â ment securities. The latter cover all the deficits in the government treasuries of the Goys. W h e n we m o u n t the t h r o n e of the universe, such financial expedients, b e i n g d e t r i m e n t a l t o o u r interests, w i l l v a n i s h . W e w i l l also destroy a l l stock exchanges, f o r w e w i l l not a l l o w the prestige of o u r a u t h o r i t y to be shaken by the s h i f t i n g of the prices o f o u r securities. W e w i l l f i x the f u l l price o f t h e i r value legally w i t h o u t a n y possibility o f its f l u c t u a t i o n . ( A rise leads to a f a l l , a n d this w a s precisely what we d i d to the G O Y stocks and bonds at the b e g i n n i n g . ) W e w i l l replace the stock exchanges b y great g o v e r n m e n t credit i n s t i t u t i o n s , whose functions w i l l be to t a x c o m m e r c i a l values a c c o r d i n g t o g o v e r n m e n t a l plans. T h e s e institutions w i l l be in a p o s i t i o n to t h r o w d a i l y on the m a r k e t 500,000,000 shares o f i n d u s t r i a l stocks, o r t o b u y u p a like a m o u n t . T h u s a l l i n Â d u s t r i a l enterprises w i l l become dependent u p o n us. Y o u c a n w e l l i m a g i n e what p o w e r that w i l l g i v e us.

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N a l l that I have hitherto r e p o r t e d to y o u I have c a r e f u l l y t r i e d to show y o u a true p i c t u r e of the m y s t e r y of present events, as also of those of the past, w h i c h a l l flow into the stream of great events, the results of w h i c h w i l l be seen in the near f u t u r e . I have exposed o u r secret plans w h i c h g o v e r n o u r relations w i t h the G O Y S , a s w e l l a s o u r f i n a n c i a l policy. T h e r e remains but little to a d d . W e h o l d i n o u r hands the greatest m o d e r n p o w e r â&#x20AC;&#x201D; g o l d . I n the course o f t w o days w e c a n get i t f r o m o u r treasuries i n a n y desired q u a n t i t y . Is there a n y m o r e need f o r us to p r o v e that o u r r u l e is decreed b y G o d ? D o w e not p r o v e b y such w e a l t h that a l l the 69

T H E PROTOCOLS doubled, trebled, a n d even m o r e , l o a n i n g the G O Y g o v e r n m e n t s money w h i c h in r e a l i t y was not needed by the states at a l l . W h o c o u l d d o the same w i t h r e g a r d t o u s ? T h e r e f o r e , I w i l l o n l y set f o r t h details in r e g a r d to domestic loans. In a n n o u n c i n g such a l o a n , the g o v e r n m e n t s open a sub s c r i p t i o n t o their bonds. T o m a k e them accessible t o a l l , they v a r y the d e n o m i n a t i o n f r o m one h u n d r e d to thousands, a n d the first subscribers are a l l o w e d to buy below face value. The f o l l o w i n g day the p r i c e is a r t i f i c i a l l y raised on the pretext that everybody h u r r i e d to b u y the bonds. In a f e w m o r e days there is a pretense that the treasury is filled a n d that it is not k n o w n what to do w i t h the money, w h i c h has been oversub scribed. ( W h a t was the use o f t a k i n g i t ? ) T h e subscription is evidently considerably in excess of the amount asked f o r . T h e r e i n lies the effect, for it is thus demonstrated that the p u b l i c has confidence in the g o v e r n m e n t obligations. B u t after the comedy has been played the fact of the debt appears, and it is u s u a l l y a heavy one. In o r d e r to p a y the interest, n e w loans have to be issued, w h i c h do not liquidate but increase the o r i g i n a l debt. T h e n w h e n the b o r r o w i n g capacity of the g o v e r n m e n t has been exhausted, it becomes necessary to meet the interest on the loan — not the l o a n itself — by new taxes. T h e s e taxes are n o t h i n g but a debit used to cover a debit. T h e n comes the p e r i o d of conversions, but these o n l y de crease the p a y m e n t of interest w h i l e they do not a n n u l the debts. M o r e o v e r , they cannot be made w i t h o u t the consent of the b o n d h o l d e r s . W h e n a c o n v e r s i o n is advertised, an offer is made to r e t u r n the money to those w h o are not w i l l i n g to convert t h e i r bonds. If everybody were to d e m a n d his money, the g o v e r n m e n t w o u l d be caught in its o w n net a n d w o u l d be unable t o r e t u r n a l l the money. F o r t u n a t e l y , the G O Y subjects, i g n o r a n t of financial affairs, a l w a y s p r e f e r r e d to suffer a f a l l in the value of t h e i r securities a n d a r e d u c t i o n of interest to the risk of new i n v e s t m e n t s ; thus, they have g i v e n these g o v e r n ments m o r e t h a n one o p p o r t u n i t y of t h r o w i n g off a deficit of several m i l l i o n s . A t present, w i t h the existence o f f o r e i g n loans, the G O Y S cannot p l a y such t r i c k s , f o r they k n o w that w e w o u l d d e m a n d a l l the money back. T h u s , an a v o w e d b a n k r u p t c y w i l l be the best p r o o f of the lack o f c o m m o n interest between the people a n d t h e i r g o v e r n m e n t . 68

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THE

PROTOCOLS

e v i l w h i c h we were f o r c e d to do d u r i n g so m a n y centuries has served in the end to true h a p p i n e s s — t o the r e s t o r a t i o n of o r d e r ? A l t h o u g h b y means o f violence, o r d e r w i l l nevertheless be established. We w i l l be able to p r o v e that we are bene factors, w h o have b r o u g h t true w e l f a r e and i n d i v i d u a l freedom to the t o r t u r e d w o r l d , i n s u r i n g at the same time the p o s s i b i l i t y of e n j o y i n g peace, quiet, a n d d i g n i t y of relationships, u p o n the sole c o n d i t i o n , of course, that obedience to the l a w s established by us is p r a c t i c e d . We w i l l also make it clear that f r e e d o m does not m e a n license a n d in d o i n g whatever people please, no more t h a n d i g n i t y and p o w e r i m p l y the r i g h t to p r o p o u n d destruc tive doctrines, l i k e freedom of conscience, equality, a n d s i m i l a r things. I n d i v i d u a l f r e e d o m by no means i m p o r t s the r i g h t of d i s t u r b i n g oneself a n d others, d i s g r a c i n g oneself by m a k i n g r i d i c u l o u s speeches in d i s o r d e r l y gatherings, a n d i m p l i e s that true liberty means i n d i v i d u a l i n v i o l a b i l i t y t h r o u g h an honest a n d strict obedience to social l a w s ; that moreover, h u m a n d i g n i t y implies the conception of one's rights as w e l l as the idea of legal i n h i b i t i o n s w h i c h p r o h i b i t fantastic dreams about the Ego. O u r p o w e r w i l l b e g l o r i o u s because i t w i l l b e m i g h t y ; i t w i l l rule a n d g u i d e , a n d not helplessly c r a w l after leaders a n d orators, s h o u t i n g insane w o r d s w h i c h they call great p r i n c i p l e s , and w h i c h i n reality are s i m p l y U t o p i a n . O u r p o w e r w i l l lead to order, w h i c h , in t u r n , b r i n g s happiness to the people. T h e prestige o f this p o w e r w i l l excite m y s t i c a l a d o r a t i o n , a n d the peoples w i l l b o w before it. T r u e power does not y i e l d to any r i g h t , even be it that of G o d . N o n e w i l l dare a p p r o a c h it in order to d e p r i v e it even of an a t o m of its m i g h t .

PROTOCOL N O . X X I I I

O teach the people obedience they must be taught modesty, and to a c c o m p l i s h this the p r o d u c t i o n of l u x u r i e s must be limited. W e w i l l thus i m p r o v e customs, d e m o r a l i z e d b y rivalry, resulting from luxury. W e w i l l restore h a n d i c r a f t , w h i c h w i l l u n d e r m i n e the p r i v a t e capital of m a n u f a c t u r e r s . T h i s is necessary, because b i g m a n u facturers often influence, a l t h o u g h not always consciously, the thoughts of the people against the g o v e r n m e n t . 70

T H E PROTOCOLS A people, p r a c t i c i n g h a n d i c r a f t , does not k n o w what u n e m p l o y m e n t means, a n d this makes t h e m c l i n g t o e x i s t i n g conditions a n d consequently t o the p o w e r o f a u t h o r i t y . Un e m p l o y m e n t is most d a n g e r o u s f o r a government. It w i l l have finished its w o r k f o r us as soon as a u t h o r i t y falls into o u r hands. D r u n k e n n e s s w i l l also be f o r b i d d e n by l a w a n d w i l l be p u n ishable as a c r i m e against h u m a n decency, f o r m a n becomes bestial u n d e r the influence of alcohol. O n c e m o r e I state, that people obey b l i n d l y o n l y the h a n d that is s t r o n g and entirely independent of t h e m , in w h i c h they see a s w o r d of defense a n d a s t r o n g h o l d against the b l o w s o f social m i s f o r t u n e . W h y s h o u l d the sovereign have a n angel's h e a r t ? T h e y w a n t to see in h i m the p e r s o n i f i c a t i o n of m i g h t and power. T h e sovereign w h o w i l l replace the present e x i s t i n g g o v e r n ments, d r a g g i n g a l o n g their existence in the m i d s t of a society d e m o r a l i z e d by us, w h i c h denies even the p o w e r of G o d a n d f r o m whose m i d s t rises on a l l sides the flames of a n a r c h y , must p r i m a r i l y u n d e r t a k e t o e x t i n g u i s h this a l l - c o n s u m i n g f i r e . T h e r e f o r e , he must destroy such a society, if necessary d r o w n it in its o w n b l o o d , in o r d e r to resurrect it as a w e l l - o r g a n i z e d a r m y , w h i c h consciously struggles against the i n f e c t i o n of a n y a n a r c h y affecting the state o r g a n i s m . H e , G o d ' s elect, is chosen f r o m above f o r the purpose of c r u s h i n g the insane forces that are m o v e d by instinct and not by intellect, by bestiality a n d not by h u m a n i t a r i a n i s m . These forces are n o w t r i u m p h a n t , and assume the f o r m of robberies a n d a l l k i n d s o f violence exercised i n the name o f liberty a n d o f r i g h t . T h e y have destroyed a l l social order, so as to establish the throne of the K i n g of I s r a e l ; but their rôle w i l l be ended w i t h his c o m i n g into p o w e r . T h e n it w i l l be necessary to sweep t h e m f r o m his path, o n w h i c h not a t w i g o r a n i m pediment shall r e m a i n . T h e n w e w i l l say t o the peoples: P r a y t o G o d a n d b o w before h i m w h o bears the m a r k o f predestination, t o w h o m G o d H i m s e l f s h o w e d H i s S t a r , s o that none but H e H i m s e l f s h o u l d free y o u f r o m a l l s i n f u l forces a n d f r o m e v i l .

THE

PROTOCOLS

PROTOCOL

NO.

XXIV

O W I s h a l l refer t o the m a n n e r i n w h i c h w e w i l l strengthen the dynastic roots of K i n g D a v i d so as to cause this dynasty to endure u n t i l the last day. T h i s m e t h o d w i l l consist chiefly o f the same p r i n c i p l e s w h i c h enabled o u r W i s e M e n t o c o n serve their p o w e r to cope w i t h u n i v e r s a l problems a n d to g u i d e the education of the thoughts of h u m a n i t y at large. A few members of the seed of D a v i d w i l l t r a i n the sovereigns a n d their successors, w h o w i l l be selected not by r i g h t of inheritance, but a c c o r d i n g t o t h e i r personal a b i l i t y . T o t h e m the deep p o l i t i c a l mysteries a n d the p l a n o f o u r r u l e w i l l b e con fided, but in such a w i s e m a n n e r that nobody w i l l k n o w these secrets. T h e a i m of this m e t h o d is to prove to a l l that p o w e r w i l l not be g i v e n to the u n i n i t i a t e d in the mysteries of p o l i t i c a l art. O n l y such people w i l l be taught h o w to apply the above men tioned plans in practice, by c o m p a r i n g them w i t h the e x p e r i ences of m a n y centuries, a n d o n l y they w i l l be i n i t i a t e d in the conclusions d r a w n f r o m a l l the observations of p o l i t i c a l , eco n o m i c , a n d social movements a n d sciences; in short, o n l y they w i l l k n o w the true s p i r i t of the laws, i r r e v o c a b l y established by n a t u r e f o r the purpose o f r e g u l a t i n g h u m a n r e l a t i o n s h i p . D i r e c t descendants of the sovereign w i l l often be prevented f r o m i n h e r i t i n g the throne i f , d u r i n g the p e r i o d o f t h e i r study, they show signs of f r i v o l i t y , lenience, or other tendencies d e t r i m e n t a l t o a u t h o r i t y , w h i c h w o u l d make them incapable of g o v e r n m e n t a n d dangerous to the prestige of the C r o w n . O n l y those of an u n d o u b t e d l y able a n d firm, even c r u e l char acter, w i l l receive the reins o f g o v e r n m e n t f r o m o u r W i s e M e n . In case of illness, loss of w i l l - p o w e r , or a n y other f o r m of inefficiency, the sovereigns w i l l be compelled to h a n d o v e r the reins of g o v e r n m e n t to n e w a n d able hands. T h e sovereign's i m m e d i a t e p l a n of action and its a p p l i c a t i o n in the f u t u r e w i l l be u n k n o w n even to the so-called closest advisers. O n l y the sovereign and h i s three sponsors w i l l k n o w the future. I n the p e r s o n o f the s o v e r e i g n , w i t h his i m m o v a b l e w i l l over 72

T H E PROTOCOLS h i m s e l f a n d h u m a n i t y , a l l w i l l recognize F a t e itself w i t h h e r mysterious paths. N o b o d y w i l l k n o w the a i m s o f the s o v e r e i g n w h e n he issues his o r d e r s , a n d thus nobody w i l l dare oppose him. N a t u r a l l y the m e n t a l capacity of the s o v e r e i g n m u s t be equal to the p l a n of r u l e herein contained. F o r this reason he w i l l not m o u n t the t h r o n e before a test of h i s m i n d is made by the above m e n t i o n e d W i s e M e n . T o m a k e people k n o w a n d love t h e i r sovereign, i t i s necessary that he s h o u l d address the people in p u b l i c places, thus esÂ t a b l i s h i n g h a r m o n y between the t w o forces, n o w separated f r o m each other b y m u t u a l t e r r o r . T h i s t e r r o r was necessary f o r us u n t i l the t i m e came to m a k e both forces f a l l u n d e r o u r influence. T h e K i n g o f I s r a e l m u s t not b e influenced b y his passions, especially b y sensuality. N o p a r t i c u l a r element o f his nature must have the u p p e r h a n d a n d r u l e o v e r his m i n d . S e n s u a l i t y , m o r e than a n y t h i n g else, upsets mental a b i l i t y a n d clearness of v i s i o n by deflecting t h o u g h t to the w o r s t a n d most bestial side of h u m a n nature. T h e P i l l a r o f the U n i v e r s e i n the person o f the W o r l d R u l e r , s p r u n g f r o m the sacred seed of D a v i d , m u s t sacrifice a l l personal desires f o r the benefit of his people. O u r s o v e r e i g n m u s t b e irreproachable.

Part T w o E V I D E N C E AS TO O R I G I N AND A U T H E N T I C I T Y I.

PARALLELISM POLICIES

OF T H E

BETWEEN THE

THE

BOLSHEVIKI

ACTUAL AND

PROTOCOLS

H E most s t r i k i n g fact i n connection w i t h the P r o t o c o l s is the close resemblance w h i c h their ruthless p r o g r a m bears in m a n y respects to the policies actually put i n t o effect by the B o l s h e v i k i in R u s s i a . I n d e e d , w i t h o u t this fact before us, the necessity f o r a serious c o n s i d e r a t i o n of the P r o t o c o l s w o u l d be m u c h less apparent. If the evidence shows that the B o l s h e v i s t movement is a movement conducted u n d e r J e w i s h leadership and p r i n c i p a l l y c o n t r o l l e d b y J e w s , a n d , f u r t h e r more, that it closely corresponds w i t h the p o l i t i c a l p r o g r a m outlined in the P r o t o c o l s , then, indeed, we have facts of g r a v e significance s u p p o r t i n g the authenticity of the P r o t o c o l s . 1.

JEWISH

CHARACTER OF T H E BOLSHEVIST M O V E M E N T IN

RUSSIA

W i t h r e g a r d to the question as to h o w far the B o l s h e v i s t movement is a J e w i s h movement in the sense that it is u n d e r J e w i s h c o n t r o l , there is some disagreement. Certain promi nent J e w s in this c o u n t r y , w h i l e a d m i t t i n g that most of the B o l s h e v i s t leaders in R u s s i a are J e w s , c l a i m that this is a mere coincidence, a n d c l a i m f u r t h e r that the B o l s h e v i s t lead ers are o n l y apostate J e w s w h o do not adhere to the J e w i s h religion. T h e evidence, h o w e v e r , i s not v e r y c o n v i n c i n g o n either point, f o r on the one h a n d the p r o p o r t i o n of J e w s a m o n g the B o l s h e v i s t leaders in R u s s i a is so l a r g e that it 1

T h e J e w i s h sayings cited in this v o l u m e show that some of the great J e w i s h leaders m a i n t a i n that the apostasy of a J e w in the matter of r e l i g i o n does not prevent h i m f r o m r e m a i n i n g f o r a l l other purposes a Jew, or release h i m f r o m his obligations as such. 1

T H E PROTOCOLS s t r o n g l y tends to show that it is not accidental but must be otherwise e x p l a i n e d , w h i l e on the other h a n d , as to the a l l e g a t i o n of apostasy, this seems to be p r i n c i p a l l y based u p o n evidence that the J e w i s h leaders i n R u s s i a are d e n o u n c i n g r e l i g i o n in general on the g r o u n d that it is the b u l w a r k of the capitalistic system a n d the enemy of the S o c i a l i s t i c State, i n accordance w i t h the teachings o f K a r l M a r x a n d his f o l lowers. S u c h evidence, h o w e v e r , does not p r o v e v e r y m u c h if in practice o n l y the C h r i s t i a n c h u r c h is a c t u a l l y attacked. I t i s i m p o r t a n t t o note i n this connection that K a r l M a r x h i m s e l f was a J e w , as are also p r a c t i c a l l y a l l of the best k n o w n leaders o f r a d i c a l s o c i a l i s m , such a s B e b e l , B e r n s t e i n , L a s s a l l e , H i l l q u i t , the brothers A d l e r ( i n A u s t r i a ) , etc. T h e legend n o w p r o m i n e n t l y d i s p l a y e d b y the B o l s h e v i k i i n R u s s i a , that " r e l i g i o n is the o p i u m of the people," was the s a y i n g o f K a r l M a r x h i m s e l f , w h i l e i t was Bebel w h o s a i d : " C h r i s t i a n i t y a n d S o c i a l i s m stand t o w a r d s each other as fire a n d water." M o r e o v e r , there is evidence that there has been a m a r k e d persecution of Christian priests a n d their congregations by the B o l s h e v i k i , a n d that the J e w i s h rabbis have not been molested. G e n e r a l l y s p e a k i n g , we believe that the p r e p o n d e r ance of evidence s t r o n g l y tends to s h o w that B o l s h e v i s m is J e w i s h in character in the sense that it is u n d e r the c o n t r o l p r i n c i p a l l y o f J e w s w h o occupy, either openly o r secretly, almost a l l of the positions of i m p o r t a n c e in the Soviet g o v e r n ment i n R u s s i a . T h i s was equally t r u e i n r e g a r d t o the recent S p a r t a c a n a n d B o l s h e v i s t revolutions i n G e r m a n y a n d H u n g a r y . T h e one i m p o r t a n t exception i s L e n i n himself, T r o t z k y a n d almost a l l the other i m p o r t a n t B o l s h e v i s t leaders t o - d a y b e i n g members of the J e w i s h race. E v i d e n c e that the B o l s h e v i k i in R u s s i a have conducted a c a m p a i g n o f persecution against the C h r i s t i a n r e l i g i o n , w h i l e p r o t e c t i n g the J e w i s h r e l i g i o n , w i l l b e considered below u n d e r the h e a d i n g , " T h e D e s t r u c t i o n o f R e l i g i o n a n d C h r i s t i a n i t y . " F o r the present we s h a l l confine ourselves to other evidence w h i c h tends t o s h o w that the B o l s h e v i k m o v e m e n t i n R u s s i a is u n d e r J e w i s h leadership a n d m a y be r e g a r d e d as p r i m a r i l y a J e w i s h movement.

T H E PROTOCOLS (a)

Testimony

before

the

Overman

Committee

T h e testimony of a n u m b e r of reliable witnesses before the O v e r m a n C o m m i t t e e is to the effect that f r o m the v e r y b e g i n n i n g the leadership o f the Bolshevist r e v o l u t i o n i n R u s s i a has been p r i n c i p a l l y J e w i s h a n d that the movement h a d p o w e r f u l support f r o m J e w s r e t u r n i n g to R u s s i a in the s p r i n g of 1917. T h i s testimony was taken early in the year 1919 and is c o n tained i n the p r i n t e d Senate R e p o r t ( a public d o c u m e n t ) entitled, " B o l s h e v i k P r o p a g a n d a — H e a r i n g s before a S u b committee of the C o m m i t t e e on the J u d i c i a r y , U n i t e d States Senate, S i x t y - f i f t h C o n g r e s s , pursuant to S. R e s . 439 and 469." A m o n g the witnesses who testified as to the J e w i s h char acter of the B o l s h e v i s t movement before the Senate C o m mittee was D r . G e o r g e A . S i m o n s , a M e t h o d i s t c l e r g y m a n w h o h a d been for m a n y years in charge of a c h u r c h a n d other p r o p e r t y b e l o n g i n g t o the A m e r i c a n M e t h o d i s t s i n P e t r o g r a d . H e was there d u r i n g the K e r e n s k y régime a n d d u r i n g the B o l s h e v i s t régime u n t i l O c t o b e r 6, 1918. D r . S i m o n s testified that " a t the b e g i n n i n g o f the so-called new régime [ K e r e n s k y ' s ] there was a d i s p o s i t i o n to g l o r i f y the A l l i e s a n d to m a k e a great deal of what the F r e n c h R e v o l u t i o n h a d stood f o r ; w i t h i n f r o m s i x to eight weeks there was an u n d e r c u r r e n t just the opposite, a n d t h i n g s began to l o o m up in a p r o - G e r m a n w a y . " 1

H e then t o l d o f the a r r i v a l o f L e n i n f r o m S w i t z e r l a n d via G e r m a n y , a n d o f B r o n s t e i n (alias T r o t z k y ) f r o m N e w Y o r k , a n d h o w they c o n d u c t e d a v i g o r o u s a g i t a t i o n in R u s s i a w h i l e K e r e n s k y w a s " r u n n i n g u p and d o w n the f r o n t . " H e then goes on to testify as f o l l o w s : M R . SIMONS. " K e r e n s k y was spending a g o o d deal of his t i m e r u n n i n g u p a n d d o w n the front, t r y i n g t o hearten the R u s s i a n soldiers in t h e i r w a r f a r e , a n d he was generally ac c r e d i t e d w i t h b e i n g a f i n e o r a t o r and d o i n g s p l e n d i d w o r k , and I do not doubt but what he d i d manage to keep the m e n longer t h a n they otherwise w o u l d have stayed i n , but we were t o l d there were h u n d r e d s o f agitators w h o h a d f o l l o w e d i n the t r a i l o f T r o t z k y - B r o n s t e i n , these m e n h a v i n g come o v e r f r o m the " B o l s h e v i k Propaganda. H e a r i n g s before a Subcommittee on the J u d i c i a r y , U n i t e d States Senate, S i x t y - f i f t h C o n g r e s s , " p. 111. 1

T H E PROTOCOLS l o w e r E a s t S i d e of N e w Y o r k . I was s u r p r i s e d to find scores o f such men w a l k i n g u p and d o w n N e v s k y . Some of them, w h e n they learned that I was the A m e r i c a n pastor in P e t r o g r a d , stepped up to me a n d seemed v e r y m u c h pleased that there was somebody w h o c o u l d speak E n g l i s h , a n d their b r o k e n E n g l i s h showed that they h a d not qualified as b e i n g real A m e r i c a n s ; a n d a n u m b e r of these m e n called on me, a n d a n u m b e r of us were impressed w i t h the strange Y i d d i s h element in this t h i n g r i g h t f r o m the start, a n d it soon became evident that more than half of the agitators in the so-called B o l s h e v i k movement were Y i d d i s h . " SENATOR

NELSON.

"Hebrews?"

M R . S I M O N S . " T h e y w e r e H e b r e w s , apostate J e w s . I do not want to say a n y t h i n g against the J e w s , as such. I am not in s y m p a t h y w i t h the a n t i - S e m i t i c movement, never have been, and do not ever expect to be. I am against it. I a b h o r all po g r o m s of w h a t e v e r k i n d . B u t I have a firm c o n v i c t i o n that this t h i n g is Y i d d i s h , a n d that one of its bases is f o u n d in the E a s t Side of N e w Y o r k . " SENATOR NELSON. " T r o t z k y came over f r o m N e w Y o r k d u r i n g that s u m m e r , d i d h e n o t ? " MR.

SIMONS.

"He

did."

SENATOR O V E R M A N . " Y o u t h i n k he b r o u g h t these people with h i m ? " M R . SIMONS. " I a m not able to say that he b r o u g h t them w i t h h i m . I t h i n k that most of them came after h i m , but that he was responsible f o r their c o m i n g . " M R . S I M O N S f u r t h e r states ( S e n a t e R e p o r t , p. 1 1 4 ) : " T h e latest s t a r t l i n g i n f o r m a t i o n , g i v e n m e b y some one w h o says that there is g o o d a u t h o r i t y f o r it — a n d I am to be g i v e n the exact figures later on a n d have t h e m checked up p r o p e r l y by the p r o p e r authorities — is this, that in D e c e m b e r , 1918, in the n o r t h e r n c o m m u n i t y of P e t r o g r a d , so-called — that is what they c a l l that section of the Soviet régime u n d e r the presidency of the m a n k n o w n as M r . A p f e l b a u m — out of 388 members, only 16 happened to be real R u s s i a n s , and all the rest J e w s , w i t h the e x c e p t i o n possibly of one m a n , w h o i s a n e g r o f r o m A m e r i c a , w h o calls h i m s e l f P r o f . G o r d o n , and 265 of the m e m b e r s of this n o r t h e r n c o m m u n e g o v e r n m e n t , that is s i t t i n g in the o l d S m o l n y Institute, came f r o m the l o w e r E a s t S i d e o f N e w Y o r k — 265 o f them. . . . In fact, I a m very m u c h impressed w i t h this, that m o v i n g a r o u n d here I find that certain B o l s h e v i k i p r o p a g a n d i s t s are nearly a l l J e w s — apostate J e w s . I have been in the so-called People's H o u s e , at 7 E a s t F i f t e e n t h Street, N e w Y o r k , w h i c h calls itself also the R a n d School of S o c i a l Science, a n d I have v i s i t e d that at least s i x times d u r i n g the last eleven weeks or so, b u y i n g t h e i r 77

T H E PROTOCOLS l i t e r a t u r e , and some of the most seditious stuff I have ever f o u n d against o u r o w n G o v e r n m e n t , a n d 19 out of every 20 people I have seen there have been J e w s . " On the same page, r e f e r r i n g to a pamphlet w r i t t e n by one A l b e r t R h y s W i l l i a m s , D r . S i m o n s states: " I have a n a l y z e d c e r t a i n questions a n d answers, especially w i t h r e g a r d to this p a r a g r a p h on r e l i g i o n , and I have no doubt i n m y m i n d that the p r e d o m i n a n t element i n this B o l s h e v i k i m o v e m e n t i n A m e r i c a is, y o u m a y c a l l it, the Y i d d i s h o f the East Side." On page 116 the witness f u r t h e r states: " I was impressed w i t h this, Senator, that s h o r t l y after the great r e v o l u t i o n of the w i n t e r of 1917 there were scores of J e w s s t a n d i n g on the benches and soap boxes, a n d what not, t a l k i n g u n t i l their m o u t h s f r o t h e d , and I often r e m a r k e d to my sister, ' W e l l , what are w e c o m i n g to, a n y w a y ? T h i s a l l looks s o Y i d d i s h . ' U p t o that t i m e w e h a d very few J e w s , because there was, as y o u m a y k n o w , a restriction against h a v i n g J e w s i n P e t r o g r a d ; but after the r e v o l u t i o n they s w a r m e d i n there, a n d most of the agitators happened to be J e w s . I do not want to be u n f a i r to t h e m , but I u s u a l l y k n o w a J e w w h e n I see one." In a subsequent part of his testimony, he s a y s : " I had occasion t o speak w i t h people w h o were w o r k i n g a n d people w h o were not bourgeois, I i n t e r v i e w e d h u n d r e d s , a n d I asked t h e m , ' W e l l , w h a t d o y o u think o f this t h i n g ? ' ' W e l l , we k n o w that it is first of a l l G e r m a n , and second, we k n o w that it is J e w i s h . It is not a R u s s i a n p r o p o s i t i o n at a l l . ' T h a t became so p o p u l a r that as y o u m o v e d t h r o u g h the streets in P e t r o g r a d i n J u l y a n d A u g u s t and September and the b e g i n Â n i n g o f O c t o b e r , openly they w o u l d tell y o u this, ' T h i s i s not a R u s s i a n G o v e r n m e n t ; this a G e r m a n a n d H e b r e w G o v e r n Â ment.' A n d then others w o u l d come out a n d say, ' A n d very soon there is g o i n g to be a b i g p o g r o m . ' As a result of that, hundreds of Bolshevik officials who happened to be Jews were s e n d i n g their wives and their c h i l d r e n out of P e t r o g r a d and M o s c o w , a f r a i d that the p o g r o m w o u l d really c o m e . " ( p . 132). On page 142 of his t e s t i m o n y D r . S i m o n s i n t r o d u c e d a list of names, w h i c h he said was w i d e l y c i r c u l a t e d in P e t r o g r a d in A u g u s t , 1917, g i v i n g the real names a n d the J e w i s h names of the most i m p o r t a n t B o l s h e v i s t leaders. T h i s list is as follows: 78

T H E PROTOCOLS " 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20.

Real name V o n Gutmann Bronstein Zederbaum Katz Goldenberg Krochmal Gimmer Gurvitch Geldfand Sabelson Apfelbaum Nachamkes Lurye Goldenbach Josse Goldmann Wanstein Goldmann Fürstenberg Solomon"

Chernoff Trotzky Martoff Kamkoff Meshkoff Zagorsky Suchanoff Dan Parvuss Kradek Zinovyeff Stekloff Larin Ryazanoff Bogdanoff Goryeff Zwezdin Lieber Ganezky Roshal

D r . S i m o n s also testified that w h e n the B o l s h e v i k i came i n t o p o w e r the Y i d d i s h l a n g u a g e at once became p r e d o m i n a n t in official p r o c l a m a t i o n s and posters. He says: " I m i g h t m e n t i o n t h i s , that w h e n the B o l s h e v i k i came i n t o power, all o v e r P e t r o g r a d we at once h a d a p r e d o m i n a n c e of Y i d d i s h p r o c l a m a t i o n s , b i g posters, a n d e v e r y t h i n g i n Y i d d i s h . It became very evident that n o w that was to be one of the great languages o f R u s s i a ; a n d the real R u s s i a n s , o f course, d i d not take very k i n d l y to i t . " O n page 135 D r . S i m o n s states: " T r o t z k y is a J e w . Testimony

H i s real name is L e o n B r o n s t e i n . " Mr.

William

Chapin

Huntington

M r . H u n t i n g t o n was C o m m e r c i a l A t t a c h e o f the U n i t e d States E m b a s s y at P e t r o g r a d f r o m J u n e , 1916, u n t i l September, 1918. He was in P e t r o g r a d at the outbreak of the B o l s h e v i s t coup d'état in N o v e m b e r , 1917, a n d r e m a i n e d there u n t i l F e b r u a r y , 1918, w h e n he was sent on a m i s s i o n to S i b e r i a by A m b a s s a d o r F r a n c i s , in his testimony before the O v e r m a n C o m mittee, stated that D r . George A. S i m o n s is an absolutely reliable a n d t r u s t w o r t h y m a n (p. 977), and that the same i s true o f M r . R o g e r E . S i m m o n s , whose testimony is cited below. 1

T H E PROTOCOLS Ambassador Francis. W h e n h e returned t o R u s s i a h e re m a i n e d i n M o s c o w f r o m M a y , 1918, u n t i l A u g u s t 26, 1918. H e states o n page 4 7 : " T h e B o l s h e v i k s are internationalists, a n d they w e r e not i n terested in the p a r t i c u l a r n a t i o n a l ideals of R u s s i a . " On page 69 he testified: " T h e leaders of the movement, I s h o u l d say, are about t w o t h i r d s R u s s i a n J e w s and perhaps one-sixth o r more o f some o f the other nationalities, l i k e the L e t t s , or the A r m e n i a n s . "

Testimony

Mr.

William

Welsh

M r . W e l s h was employed b y the N a t i o n a l C i t y B a n k a n d was i n R u s s i a f r o m O c t o b e r , 1916, u n t i l September, 1918. He states on page 2 6 9 : "In shevik

Russia it is well known leaders are Jewish."

that three-fourths of the Bol-

In r e g a r d to the men w h o went to R u s s i a f r o m the E a s t S i d e of N e w Y o r k , at the outbreak of the r e v o l u t i o n , he stated: " T h e r e were some — not m a n y , but there were some — real R u s s i a n s ; a n d what I mean by real R u s s i a n s is R u s s i a n - b o r n , a n d not R u s s i a n J e w s . " T h e witness also stated that he k n e w " s e v e r a l c a s e s " in w h i c h well-to-do J e w s h a d been persecuted in the same way as other R u s s i a n bourgeois. On page 270 he states: " B o l s h e v i s m cannot be e x p l a i n e d a l o n g r a c i a l lines alone. T h e B o l s h e v i k s are made up of the v e r y w o r s t elements of m a n y races. It is i m p o r t a n t , however, that J e w s in this c o u n t r y s h o u l d not f a v o r B o l s h e v i s m because of any liberties or privileges w h i c h they may t h i n k are b e i n g accorded to the J e w s in R u s s i a by the B o l s h e v i k s . T h e y s h o u l d study the facts c a r e f u l l y and not be p r e j u d i c e d by any racial f e e l i n g , or they are sure to b r i n g the o d i u m of B o l s h e v i s m u n j u s t l y to the door of the J e w . T h e best J e w s in this c o u n t r y w o u l d do w e l l to b r a n d the J e w i s h B o l s h e v i k s in R u s s i a as a n t i - J e w s , w h i c h they really are, f o r they b r i n g n o t h i n g but discredit to the J e w ish race."

T H E PROTOCOLS Testimony

Roger

Simmons

M r . S i m m o n s was T r a d e C o m m i s s i o n e r , connected w i t h the U n i t e d States D e p a r t m e n t o f C o m m e r c e , w h o was i n S i b e r i a a n d R u s s i a f r o m J u l y , 1917, u n t i l N o v e m b e r , 1918. H e was i n V o l o g d a i n J u l y , 1918, a n d gives a g r a p h i c account o f his i m p r i s o n m e n t there by the assistant of the c o m m i s s a r of that community, a man named Iduke. He says: " I d u k e is a L e t t i s h J e w , a m a n of a v e r y irascible nature, a n d , o n account o f his experience i n the u p r i s i n g i n Y a r o s l a v , where the protest against the B o l s h e v i k régime h a d become f o r m i d a b l e , he h a d the reputation of being the cruelest a n d the most bloodthirsty B o l s h e v i k leader of the r e v o l u t i o n . " M r . S i m m o n s then narrates h o w h e h i m s e l f escaped execu t i o n o n l y because he succeeded in b r i b i n g a L e t t i s h soldier w h o h a d been in A m e r i c a to deliver a letter to the S w e d i s h Consul General. A n E n g l i s h subject w h o was i m p r i s o n e d w i t h h i m in the same cell was actually executed. Shortly before his death this E n g l i s h m a n said to S i m m o n s : "I do not like the s i t u a t i o n . I don't u n d e r s t a n d these people. T h e y are not R u s s i a n s . I don't k n o w w h y they accuse me, n o r what they are g o i n g t o d o w i t h m e . " 1

Testimony

Anonymous

Witness

A n o t h e r witness, w h o was a l l o w e d t o w i t h h o l d his n a m e , testified before the Senate C o m m i t t e e that he left P e t r o g r a d N o v e m b e r 6, 1917, the n i g h t the B o l s h e v i s t u p r i s i n g took place. H i s testimony on page 321 of the Senate R e p o r t is as f o l l o w s : " W i t h r e g a r d t o the i n d u s t r i a l conditions before the B o l s h e v i k i r i s i n g started, w i t h the r e v o l u t i o n o f M a r c h , 1917, w e f o u n d that there w e r e quite a n u m b e r of so-called A m e r i c a n s w h o had r e t u r n e d to R u s s i a almost i m m e d i a t e l y after the revo l u t i o n , c o m m e n c i n g , probably, to a r r i v e in A p r i l o f 1917." SENATOR NELSON. " W h a t sort of people were t h e y ? T h e y were people w h o h a d been here, were they n o t ? " MR. . " P e o p l e w h o had been i n this c o u n t r y . " SENATOR

NELSON.

" W e r e they H e b r e w s ? "

MR. . " A large n u m b e r o f them were — that i s H e brew by race, n o n - S l a v s — and we were c o n t i n u a l l y m e e t i n g 1

" B o l s h e v i k P r o p a g a n d a , " p. 310.

T H E PROTOCOLS these m e n on a l l sorts of labor conditions, ( c o m m i t t e e s ? ) to regulate the h o u r s of labor a n d the rates of r e m u n e r a t i o n , a n d quite a n u m b e r of t h e m spoke E n g l i s h . " Testimony

Theodor

Kryshtofovich

T h i s witness testified that he left P e t r o g r a d on D e c e m b e r 15, 1918, a n d that he h a d been there c o n t i n u o u s l y f o r the three years p r e v i o u s to that d a t e ; that he belonged to no p o l i t i c a l p a r t y i n R u s s i a , but h a d l i v e d a m o n g the peasants a n d w o r k m e n , t e a c h i n g t h e m a g r i c u l t u r e . He at one time had been e m p l o y e d by the R u s s i a n D e p a r t m e n t of A g r i c u l t u r e , as an agent, in the U n i t e d States. On page 424 he testified in r e g a r d to the J e w i s h aspect of the movement as f o l l o w s : " A n d , besides these refugees, most of the people that are g o v e r n i n g R u s s i a n o w are J e w s . I am not against J e w s in general. T h e y are a v e r y capable and energetic people, but, as y o u A m e r i c a n s say, the r i g h t m a n must be in the r i g h t place. T h e i r place is in the c o m m i s s i o n houses, in banks, in the offices, but not in the g o v e r n m e n t of a fine a g r i c u l t u r a l c o u n t r y . T h e y do not u n d e r s t a n d a n y t h i n g about a g r i c u l t u r e , about p r o d u c t i o n , about k e e p i n g m a t e r i a l s , a n d about d i s t r i b u t i o n . T h e y d o not k n o w a n y t h i n g about those t h i n g s at a l l . " SENATOR WOLCOTT. " Y o u mean those that are i n charge o f the B o l s h e v i k i , d o y o u n o t ? " M R . K R Y S H T O F O V I C H . " I a m t a l k i n g about the B o l s h e v i k i ; because if y o u take out B o l s h e v i k g o v e r n m e n t , L e n i n e is a R u s s i a n and all these constellations that are t u r n i n g a r o u n d this s u n are J e w s . T h e y have changed t h e i r names. F o r i n stance, T r o t z k y i s not T r o t z k y , but B r o n s t e i n . W e have A p f e l b a u m , a n d so o n , a n d so o n . " (b)

Other

Evidence

It is i m p o r t a n t that other official documents p e r t a i n i n g to the B o l s h e v i s t activities in R u s s i a also refer to the question w h i c h w e are n o w d i s c u s s i n g , namely, the J e w i s h character of the B o l s h e v i s t régime. In this connection we quote f r o m the B r i t i s h W h i t e B o o k , R u s s i a N o . 1 ( 1 9 1 9 ) , entitled " A C o l l e c t i o n o f R e p o r t s o n B o l s h e v i s m i n R u s s i a , presented t o P a r l i a m e n t b y C o m m a n d o f H i s M a j e s t y . A p r i l , 1919." T h i s document was p u b l i s h e d in L o n d o n at the g o v e r n m e n t p r i n t i n g office in 1919. In e x h i b i t N o . 33, a c a b l e g r a m dis82

T H E PROTOCOLS patched b y M r . A l s t o n t o E a r l C u r z o n , f r o m V l a d i v o s t o k t o L o n d o n , F e b r u a r y 8, 1919 ( " t e l e g r a p h i c — f o l l o w i n g f r o m c o n s u l a t E k a t e r i n b u r g , 6 t h F e b r u a r y " ) , the f o l l o w i n g i s stated: " F r o m e x a m i n a t i o n o f several labourer a n d peasant w i t nesses, I have evidence to the effect that v e r y smallest per centage of this d i s t r i c t were p r o - B o l s h e v i k , m a j o r i t y of l a b o u r ers s y m p a t h i s i n g w i t h s u m m o n i n g o f Constituent A s s e m b l y . Witnesses f u r t h e r stated that B o l s h e v i k leaders d i d not repre sent R u s s i a n w o r k i n g classes, most o f t h e m b e i n g J e w s " (Page 3 3 ) . In a cable dispatch f r o m G e n e r a l K n o x to the B r i t i s h W a r Office on F e b r u a r y 5, 1919, f r o m O m s k , S i b e r i a , details are g i v e n as to the m u r d e r of the I m p e r i a l R u s s i a n f a m i l y . T h i s cable reads in part as f o l l o w s : " W i t h r e g a r d t o the m u r d e r o f the I m p e r i a l f a m i l y a t E k a t e r i n b u r g , there is f u r t h e r evidence to show that there were t w o parties in the local S o v i e t , one w h i c h was a n x i o u s to save I m p e r i a l f a m i l y , a n d the latter, headed by five J e w s , t w o of w h o m were d e t e r m i n e d to have t h e m m u r d e r e d . T h e s e t w o J e w s , by name V a i n e n a n d S a f a r o f , went w i t h L e n i n e when he made a j o u r n e y across G e r m a n y " ( p a g e 4 1 ) . A g a i n , i n a report made b y R e v . B . S . L o m b a r d t o E a r l C u r z o n on M a r c h 23, 1919, r e f e r r i n g to the results of the B o l s h e v i s t régime i n R u s s i a , a m o n g other t h i n g s , the f o l l o w i n g is stated: " A l l business became p a r a l y z e d , shops were closed, J e w s became possessors of most of the business houses, a n d h o r r i b l e scenes of s t a r v a t i o n became c o m m o n in the c o u n t r y districts. T h e peasants put t h e i r c h i l d r e n to death rather t h a n see them starve. In a v i l l a g e on the D v i n a , not far f r o m S c h l u s s e l b u r g , a mother hanged three of her c h i l d r e n " (page 5 7 ) . M r . H e n r y C . E m e r y , f o r m e r l y C h a i r m a n o f the U n i t e d States T a r i f f B o a r d , recently w r o t e a treatise on B o l s h e v i s m , o f w h i c h L o r d B r y c e has s a i d : "It seems to me the sanest and clearest e x p o s i t i o n of B o l shevist theory a n d practice that I have seen a n d confirms my v i e w that between t h e m a n d us there can be no peace." M r . E m e r y comes t o the c o n c l u s i o n that B o l s h e v i s m i s the p r o m o t i o n of a relentless and u n i v e r s a l class w a r , a n d that " a B o l s h e v i k i s a m a n w h o believes i n the o v e r t h r o w o f the 83

T H E PROTOCOLS i n s t i t u t i o n o f p r i v a t e p r o p e r t y b y force o f a r m s . " W h i l e t h i s is the definition w h i c h he gives of B o l s h e v i s m as a movement, a n d his a r g u m e n t in support of it is certainly a v e r y able one, it is i n t e r e s t i n g to note what he says in r e g a r d to the J e w i s h support of the m o v e m e n t : " I n the m i n d s o f some people, especially i n R u s s i a , B o l s h e v i s m takes on the c o l o r of a revolt of the J e w s against the R u s sians, w h o have so l o n g kept them in subjection. L e n i n is of course a pure R u s s i a n , a n d it is a mistake to say that a l l the other leaders of i m p o r t a n c e are J e w s . On the other h a n d , the J e w s have been active in the movement out of a l l p r o p o r t i o n to their relative n u m b e r s . No one w h o ever made a v i s i t to S m o l n y Institute, w h e n that was the headquarters of the B o l shevik g o v e r n m e n t at P e t r o g r a d , c o u l d f a i l to u n d e r s t a n d h o w easy it was to get the i m p r e s s i o n that the J e w s h a d at last seized the p o w e r . " M r . R o b e r t W i l t o n , a w e l l - k n o w n E n g l i s h m a n , w h o was the P e t r o g r a d correspondent of the L o n d o n Times, a n d a K n i g h t o f St. G e o r g e , i n his book entitled " R u s s i a ' s A g o n y , " refers t o the part w h i c h the J e w s played i n u n d e r m i n i n g the K e r e n sky g o v e r n m e n t a n d e s t a b l i s h i n g the B o l s h e v i s t r u l e : " S u b v e r s i o n h a d been c a r r i e d out by a h a n d f u l of pseudoJ e w E x t r e m i s t s in the Soviet, but the S o v i e t was a party to the traitorous business. M o s t of the leaders — especially the pseudo-Jews — w e r e a t r u c u l e n t pack, c o w e r i n g b e h i n d the soldiery, intent u p o n r e a l i z i n g their r e v o l u t i o n a r y ' i d e a l s , ' but terrified by a p o s s i b i l i t y of f a i l u r e a n d eventual r e p r i s a l s . " T h e a u t h o r also states: " A f t e r w a r d s t h e i r numbers [ r e f e r r i n g t o the J e w E x t r e m i s t s in the S o v i e t ] increased l a r g e l y , a n d a l t h o u g h they s t u d i o u s l y concealed their identity under assumed R u s s i a n o r P o l i s h names, it became k n o w n that the p r i n c i p a l ones w e r e : N a h a m kez — S t e k l o v , Apfelbaum — Zinoviev, Rosenfeldt — K a m e nev, G o l d m a n n — G o r e v , G o l d b e r g — M e k o w s k i , Z e d e r b a u m — Martov, H i m m e r — Sukhanov, Krachman — Zagorski, H o l lander— Mieshkowski, L o u r i e r — L a r i m , Seffer—Bogdanov. A m o n g the leaders of this g a n g — u n d e r L e n i n — w e r e : T r o t z k y , whose real name was B r o n s t e i n , and F e l d m a n n , alias Chernov." In the w e l l - k n o w n F r e n c h p e r i o d i c a l L'Illustration, issued 1

September 14, 1918, an article appeared u n d e r the title " P e t r o "Russia's A g o n y , " pp. 137, 138, published by E d w a r d A r n o l d , L o n d o n , 1918. 1

T H E PROTOCOLS g r a d u n d e r the C o m m u n e , " following extract:

f r o m w h i c h w e reproduce the

" T h e M a s t e r s o f the H o u r . "The

Bolshevist

Movement

and

the

Jews

Russia.

" W h e n one lives i n contact w i t h the f u n c t i o n a r i e s w h o are s e r v i n g the B o l s h e v i s t g o v e r n m e n t , one feature strikes the at tention, w h i c h is that almost a l l of them are J e w s . "I am not at a l l a n t i - S e m i t i c but I must state what strikes the eyes: everywhere i n P e t r o g r a d , i n M o s c o w , i n P r o v i n c i a l D i s t r i c t s , i n a l l c o m m i s s a r i a t s , i n d i s t r i c t offices, i n S m o l n y , i n the f o r m e r m i n i s t r i e s , in the S o v i e t s , I have met n o t h i n g but Jews and again Jews. " A J e w i s this D i s t r i c t C o m m i s s a r y , f o r m e r stock b r o k e r , w i t h a double b o u r g e o i s c h i n . A J e w is this c o m m i s s a r y of the bank, very elegant, w i t h a cravat of the latest style, a n d a f a n c y waistcoat. A g a i n a J e w , this inspector of taxes, w i t h his hooked n o s e : he understands perfectly h o w to squeeze the bourgeois in o r d e r to cover the deficit in the B o l s h e v i s t budget w h i c h amounts f o r the first h a l f year, 1918, to 14,000,000,000 rubles! J e w i s h are these little stenographers, these secre t a r i e s : the same h o o k e d noses, the same jet black h a i r . " T h e more one studies the second r e v o l u t i o n the m o r e one is c o n v i n c e d that B o l s h e v i s m is a J e w i s h m o v e m e n t w h i c h can be e x p l a i n e d by the special conditions in w h i c h the J e w i s h people were placed i n R u s s i a . " In the L o n d o n Times of M a r c h 29, 1919, the f o l l o w i n g article appeared, entitled " B o l s h e v i s t P o r t r a i t s I I I . Some Commissaries": " O n e of the most c u r i o u s features of the B o l s h e v i s t m o v e ment is the h i g h percentage of n o n - R u s s i a n elements amongst its leaders. Of the twenty or t h i r t y commissaries or leaders who p r o v i d e the central m a c h i n e r y of the B o l s h e v i s t m o v e m e n t not less t h a n 7 5 % are J e w s . . . . " I f L e n i n i s the brains o f the movement, the J e w s p r o v i d e the executive officers. O f the l e a d i n g c o m m i s s a r i e s , T r o t z k y , Z i n o v i e v , K a m e n e f f , Stekloff, Sverdloff, U r i t s k y , Joffe, Ra kovsky, Radek, M e n j i n s k y ; L a r i n , Bronski, Zaalkind, V o l o d a r s k y , Petroff, L i t v i n o f f , S m i r d o v i t c h , and V o v r o v s k y are a l l of the J e w i s h race, w h i l e amongst the m i n o r Soviet officials the n u m b e r i s l e g i o n . O f a l l the B o l s h e v i s t leaders P e t r o v s k y , the C o m m i s s a r y f o r the I n t e r i o r , a n d a f o r m e r m e m b e r of the D u m a , is p r a c t i c a l l y the o n l y one w h o in a n y w a y c o u l d be described as a w o r k i n g m a n . T h e rest are a l l intellectuals of bourgeois o r paid bourgeois o r i g i n . " 85

T H E PROTOCOLS I n the issue o f " A S I A " F e b r u a r y - M a r c h , 1920, there i s a n article entitled " I n s i d e Soviet R u s s i a . " T h e author o f the said article, M r . V . A n i c h k o f f , i s a w e l l - k n o w n R u s s i a n scienÂ tist. A m o n g other t h i n g s , he states as f o l l o w s : " I n a l l the B o l s h e v i s t institutions the heads are J e w s . The A s s i s t a n t C o m m i s s a r f o r E l e m e n t a r y E d u c a t i o n , G r u n b e r g , can h a r d l y speak R u s s i a n . T h e J e w s are successful i n e v e r y t h i n g a n d obtain their ends. T h e y k n o w h o w t o c o m m a n d a n d get complete submission. B u t they are p r o u d a n d contemptuous to everyone, w h i c h s t r o n g l y excites the people against them. A n t i - S e m i t i s m in a s t r o n g degree has spread in a l l grades of the people. T h e people are i n c l i n e d to see in the J e w s the c u l p r i t s of a l l their woes. T h e y look on B o l s h e v i s m as a J e w i s h affair, a n d A n t i - S e m i t i s m i s w i d e l y spread i n the R e d army. T h e R e d soldiers openly and s t r o n g l y express their hatred of the J e w s . O n e R e d soldier related before me that he was d i s c h a r g e d , a n d that at a l l the hospitals and h a l t i n g stages the doctors a n d their assistants and nurses were J e w s ; that a J e w i s h doctor snatched the cross f r o m one of his comrades a n d s a i d : ' T h a t is not wanted now, it has been done away w i t h , ' but that he d i d not let the doctor do the same to h i m . At the present t i m e there is a great n a t i o n a l r e l i g i o u s f e r v o r a m o n g the J e w s . T h e y believe that the p r o m i s e d t i m e of the rule of G o d ' s elect on earth is c o m i n g . T h e y have connected J u d a i s m w i t h a u n i v e r s a l r e v o l u t i o n . T h e y see in the spread of r e v o l u t i o n the f u l f i l l i n g of the S c r i p t u r e s : ' T h o u g h I m a k e an end of a l l the nations, whether I have scattered thee, yet w i l l I not m a k e an end of thee.' B o u n d up w i t h the overÂ w h e l m i n g part taken by J e w s in the R e v o l u t i o n , an interest in m a s o n r y , Z i o n i s m a n d the m i s s i o n of the J e w s have spread a m o n g educated R u s s i a n s . " ( " A S I A , " F e b r u a r y - M a r c h , 1920, p . 2 2 3 ) . We also r e f e r the reader to the testimony of a w e l l - k n o w n J e w i s h p e r i o d i c a l p u b l i s h e d in L o n d o n , The Jewish Chronicle, as to the identity of B o l s h e v i s m and J u d a i s m . In part the article states as f o l l o w s : " T h e r e is m u c h in the fact of B o l s h e v i s m itself, in the fact that so m a n y J e w s are B o l s h e v i k s , in the fact that the ideals of B o l s h e v i s m at m a n y points are consonant w i t h the finest ideals of J u d a i s m . " (See Jewish Chronicle, N o . 2609, A p r i l 4, 1919, p . 7 , article entitled " P e a c e , W a r , a n d B o l s h e v i s m . " ) It is significant that one of the w e l l - k n o w n J e w i s h leaders, Israel Z a n g w i l l , a d d r e s s i n g a recent conference of the P o a l e Z i o n C o n g r e g a t i o n in L o n d o n , glorified "the race w h i c h has 86

T H E PROTOCOLS p r o d u c e d a Beaconsfield, a R e a d i n g , a M o n t a g u , a K l o t z , a K u r t E i s n e r , a T r o t z k y " (quoted f r o m The Jewish Chronicle, F e b r u a r y 27, 1920, N o . 2656, p. 2 8 ) . R e f e r r i n g to this state ment, La Vieille-France says, " T h u s , T r o t z k y is, in fact, the hero o f J u d a i s m " ( N o . 164, M a r c h 18-24, 1920). It is i m p o r t a n t to note that the J e w i s h character of the B o l s h e v i s t movement w h i c h is so accentuated in Soviet R u s s i a was equally apparent i n S o v i e t H u n g a r y w h e n that c o u n t r y was u n d e r the R e d rule o f B e l a C o h e n ( K u h n ) . M r . E d w a r d D i l l o n i n his book " T h e I n s i d e S t o r y o f the Peace C o n f e r ence," devotes m u c h attention to this subject. R e f e r r i n g to the situation i n H u n g a r y , M r . D i l l o n states a s f o l l o w s , a t page 224. " B y the f i r s t o f A u g u s t the lawless b a n d that was r u l i n g the c o u n t r y r e l i n q u i s h e d the reins of p o w e r w h i c h were taken over at first by a S o c i a l i s t Cabinet of w h i c h an influential F r e n c h press o r g a n w r o t e : ' T h e names of the new . . . c o m m i s s a r i e s of the people tell us n o t h i n g , because t h e i r bearers are u n known. B u t the e n d i n g s of their names t e l l us that most of t h e m are, l i k e those of the p r e c e d i n g g o v e r n m e n t , of J e w i s h o r i g i n . N e v e r since the i n a u g u r a t i o n o f official C o m m u n i s m d i d Budapest better deserve the appellation of J u d a p e s t , w h i c h was assigned t o i t b y the late M . L u e g e r , chief o f the C h r i s t i a n Socialists o f V i e n n a . T h a t i s a n a d d i t i o n a l t r a i t i n c o m m o n w i t h the R u s s i a n S o v i e t s . ' " In this same connection the weekly m a g a z i n e

The New Wit-

ness, published in L o n d o n , in its issue of A p r i l 11, 1919, re m a r k e d as f o l l o w s : " I t is not only a m o n g the A l l i e s that the J e w i s h influence is m a k i n g itself felt. We k n o w what a t i g h t g r i p they have on the g o v e r n m e n t s at P e t r o g r a d a n d B e r l i n . It n o w appears that the n e w g o v e r n m e n t of H u n g a r y is d o m i n a t e d by J e w s . N i n e t y - f i v e per cent o f H u n g a r i a n s are C h r i s t i a n s a n d eighty per cent of the m i n i s t e r s are H e b r e w . T h i s fact becomes the m o r e r e m a r k a b l e w h e n we are t o l d that the m i n i s t e r s are nearly all m e d i o c r i t i e s . " T h e J e w i s h character o f the B o l s h e v i s t m o v e m e n t i n R u s s i a has been e x p l i c i t l y r e f e r r e d to in the B o l s h e v i s t press itself. In substantiation of this we present the f o l l o w i n g e v i d e n c e : In N o . 1 of the R u s s i a n w e e k l y newspaper, On to Moscow, p u b l i s h e d on September 23, 1919, in R o s t o v on the D o n , a n article was p u b l i s h e d , entitled " N o t one D r o p o f I n nocent B l o o d . " T h e article reads a s f o l l o w s : 87

T H E PROTOCOLS " I n the newspaper ' C o m m u n i s t , ' issued o n A p r i l 12, 1919, N o . 72, w h i c h paper was p u b l i s h e d i n the C i t y o f K h a r k o f f , 1 3 K a r l L i e b n e c h t Street, telephone N o . 8 - 4 0 , M r . M . C o h a n , in his article ' S e r v i c e s of the J e w r y to the w o r k i n g class,' wrote as f o l l o w s : " ' V a r i o u s k i n d s o f reactionary r e g i m e n t a l o r g a n i z a t i o n s a n d radas are w o r k i n g out a g r a r i a n " l a w s , " are g i v i n g away the l a n d to the w o r k m e n , are establishing an e i g h t - h o u r day, a n d t h r o w i n g out other c r u m b s to the w o r k i n g masses w i t h the sole object to r e m a i n in power. B u t let us u n m a s k them and let us see what there is b e h i n d this servile mask. L e t us, for instance, analyze t h e i r attitude t o w a r d s the J e w s . O n all the t e r r i t o r y w h i c h i s occupied b y the D o n , K u b a n and V o l untary gangs, the J e w s are b e i n g annihilated and oppressed. O n e is unable to trace a J e w h o l d i n g any office, be it i m p o r tant or u n i m p o r t a n t , and this is called " e q u a l i t y and frater nity." T h e V o l u n t a r y executioners scream about their hu m a n i t a r i a n i s m a n d at the same time they oppress a whole nation w h i c h always had the esteem of the whole w o r l d . It s h o u l d not be f o r g o t t e n that the J e w i s h people, w h o f o r cen turies were oppressed by k i n g s and czars, are the real prole tariat, the real internationale, w h i c h has no c o u n t r y . " ' W i t h o u t e x a g g e r a t i o n , it m a y be said that the great R u s sian social r e v o l u t i o n was indeed accomplished by the hands of the J e w s . W o u l d the dark oppressed masses of the R u s sian w o r k m e n and peasants have been able to t h r o w off the y o k e of the bourgeoisie by themselves? N o , it was precisely the J e w s w h o led the R u s s i a n proletariat to the d a w n of the Internationale, a n d not o n l y have led, but are also n o w lead i n g the Soviet cause w h i c h remains i n their safe hands. We m a y be quiet as l o n g as the chief c o m m a n d of the R e d A r m y is in the hands of c o m r a d e L e o n T r o t z k y . It is true that there are no J e w s in the r a n k s of the R e d A r m y as far as privates are concerned, but in the committees and in Soviet o r g a n i z a tions, as c o m m i s s a r s , the J e w s are g a l l a n t l y l e a d i n g the masses of the R u s s i a n proletariat to v i c t o r y . It is not w i t h o u t reason that d u r i n g the elections to a l l Soviet i n s t i t u t i o n s the J e w s are w i n n i n g by an o v e r w h e l m i n g m a j o r i t y . It is not w i t h o u t reason, let us repeat, that the R u s s i a n proletariat has elected as its head a n d leader the J e w c o m r a d e B r o n s t e i n Trotzky. T h e s y m b o l o f J e w r y , w h i c h f o r centuries has s t r u g g l e d against c a p i t a l i s m , has become also the s y m b o l of the R u s s i a n proletariat, w h i c h can be seen even in the fact of the a d o p t i o n o f the R e d f i v e - p o i n t e d star, w h i c h i n f o r m e r times, as it is w e l l - k n o w n , was the s y m b o l of Z i o n i s m and J e w r y . W i t h this s i g n comes v i c t o r y , w i t h this s i g n comes the death of the parasites of the bourgeoisie, and let the supporters of D e n i k i n e , K r a s n o v a n d K o l c h a k tremble, these oppressors and executioners of the advance g u a r d of S o c i a l i s m — of the 88

T H E PROTOCOLS gallant J e w i s h people. T h e i r s e r v i l i t y before the w o r k i n g masses w i l l not help t h e m , a n d J e w i s h tears w i l l come out o f t h e m i n sweat o f drops o f b l o o d . ' " T h e publishers o f the newspaper " O n t o M o s c o w " p r i n t a footnote t o the a r t i c l e o f M r . C o h a n w h i c h r e a d s : " T h e issue o f the newspaper ' C o m m u n i s t ' i s kept a t the office and everybody is i n v i t e d to ascertain its a u t h e n t i c i t y . "

PARALLELISM

BETWEEN

PROTOCOLS

AND

BOLSHEVIST

POLICIES

(a)

The Policy of

Terror

It w i l l be recalled that the P r o t o c o l s advocate a mass t e r r o r , a " p r o g r a m of v i o l e n c e . " In this connection also the a c t u a l B o l s h e v i s t policies are i n complete h a r m o n y w i t h the p r o g r a m of the P r o t o c o l s . W i t h reference to this p o i n t it be comes i m p o r t a n t to quote the Krasnaya Gazeta (Red Gazette), the official o r g a n o f the P e t r o g r a d S o v i e t o f W o r k e r s ' , R e d A r m y , a n d Peasants' D e p u t i e s , w h i c h b o d y i s p r e s i d e d o v e r b y Z i n o v i e f f , alias A p f e l b a u m , a J e w . O n A u g u s t 31, 1918, in an e d i t o r i a l a r t i c l e , the f o l l o w i n g is s t a t e d : " T h e interests o f the r e v o l u t i o n r e q u i r e the p h y s i c a l a n n i h i l a t i o n of the bourgeois class. It is time f o r us to start." M o r e e x p l i c i t l y the p r o g r a m of violence is defined by the same paper on S e p t e m b e r 1, 1918, in an article entitled " B l o o d for B l o o d . " T h e r e i n it is s t a t e d : " W e w i l l t u r n o u r hearts into steel, w h i c h w e w i l l temper in the fire of s u f f e r i n g a n d the b l o o d of fighters f o r f r e e d o m . W e w i l l m a k e o u r hearts c r u e l , h a r d , a n d i m m o v a b l e , s o that no m e r c y w i l l enter t h e m , a n d so that they w i l l not q u i v e r at the sight of a sea of enemy blood. We w i l l let loose the flood gates of that sea. W i t h o u t mercy, w i t h o u t s p a r i n g , we w i l l k i l l o u r enemies i n scores o f hundreds. L e t them be thou s a n d s ; let t h e m d r o w n themselves i n their o w n b l o o d . F o r the b l o o d o f L e n i n a n d U r i t z k i , Z i n o v i e f f and V o l o d a r s k i , let there be floods of b l o o d of the bourgeois — m o r e b l o o d , as m u c h as possible." M r . Z i n o v i e f f — A p f e l b a u m went to the n u m b e r of R u s s i a n s w h o m he sake o f M r . T r o t z k y ' s régime. In reported in the Northern Commune, 89

into f u r t h e r details as p r o p o s e d to k i l l f o r the a speech o f Z i n o v i e f f ' s , p u b l i s h e d in P e t r o g r a d

T H E PROTOCOLS on September 19, 1918, N o . 109, the f o l l o w i n g p l a i n statement is q u o t e d : " T o o v e r c o m e o u r enemies w e must have o u r o w n socialist m i l i t a r i s m . W e m u s t w i n o v e r t o o u r side 90,000,000 o f the 100,000,000 of p o p u l a t i o n of R u s s i a u n d e r the Soviets. As for the rest, we have nothing to say to them; they must be annihilated." T o b e sure that the J e w i s h B o l s h e v i k s were not b o a s t i n g , the f o l l o w i n g report o f the A m e r i c a n C o n s u l G e n e r a l a t M o s c o w , dated September 3, 1918, is of the utmost significance. This report, w h i c h was p u b l i s h e d i n the " M e m o r a n d u m o n C e r t a i n A s p e c t s o f the B o l s h e v i s t M o v e m e n t i n R u s s i a , " W a s h i n g t o n , G o v e r n m e n t P r i n t i n g Office, 1919, reads in part as f o l l o w s : " S i n c e M a y the so-called E x t r a o r d i n a r y C o m m i s s i o n t o Combat C o u n t e r - r e v o l u t i o n has conducted an openly a v o w e d c a m p a i g n of t e r r o r . T h o u s a n d s of persons have been s u m Â m a r i l y shot w i t h o u t even the f o r m o f t r i a l . M a n y of them have no doubt been innocent of even the p o l i t i c a l v i e w s w h i c h were supposed to supply the m o t i v e of their e x e c u t i o n . " The

American

Consul

General

concludes

his

report

stating: " T h e situation cries a l o u d t o a l l w h o w i l l act f o r the sake o f humanity." 1

T r o t z k y made a n attempt t o j u s t i f y " m a s s t e r r o r " i n a n article signed by h i m in the official d a i l y newspaper Izvestia on J a n u a r y 10, 1919, u n d e r the title " M i l i t a r y Specialists a n d the R e d A r m y . " I n this article T r o t z k y states a m o n g other t h i n g s as f o l l o w s : " T e r r o r as the d e m o n s t r a t i o n of the w i l l and strength of the w o r k i n g class, is h i s t o r i c a l l y justified, precisely because the proletariat was able thereby to break the p o l i t i c a l w i l l of the Intelligentsia, p a c i f y the p r o f e s s i o n a l m e n of v a r i o u s cateÂ gories a n d w o r k , a n d g r a d u a l l y subordinate t h e m to its o w n a i m s w i t h i n the fields of their specialties." 2

T h e L o n d o n Times of N o v e m b e r 14, 1919, p r i n t e d a letter " s e n t b y a B r i t i s h Officer i n S o u t h R u s s i a t o his w i f e " s t a t i n g that " t h e letter is p u b l i s h e d e x a c t l y as sent, except that names Memorandum on Certain Aspects of the Bolshevist Movement in Russia," p. 11. Compiled by the U. S. State Department in October, 1919. 1

Page 12 of the same m e m o r a n d u m .

T H E PROTOCOLS a n d dates have been altered so that the w r i t e r a n d his w i f e w i l l not be e m b a r r a s s e d . " T h e officer appeals to his w i f e to do all she can to put before the B r i t i s h p u b l i c the i n f o r m a t i o n w h i c h he gives her as to the atrocities c o m m i t t e d by the B o l s h e v i k i w h i c h h e h a d h i m s e l f witnessed w h i l e f i g h t i n g w i t h the a r m y of General D e n i k i n . " T h e B o l s h e v i s t s are devils. . . . I hope t o send y o u copies of 64 official photos taken by B r i t i s h officers at O d e s s a w h e n the t o w n was retaken f r o m the B o l s h e v i s t s . . . . As no paper w i l l p r i n t them I suggest that y o u should have copies done. If w e ' r e too h a r d up y o u c o u l d pay f o r them by s e n d i n g me no parcels, o r s e l l i n g m y C a u c a s i a n dagger, o r P e r s i a n book, o r something. A n d I suggest that y o u s h o u l d then do w i t h them a s y o u t h i n k f i t , t o m a k e them most w i d e l y k n o w n . Their h o r r o r may make people realize. T h e y must realize. By G o d , they shall r e a l i z e ! T h e y show men w h o ' v e been c r u c i fied w i t h the t o r t u r e of the ' h u m a n glove.' T h e v i c t i m gets crucified, nails t h r o u g h his elbows. T h e hands are treated w i t h a s o l u t i o n w h i c h shrivels the s k i n . T h e s k i n is cut out w i t h a r a z o r , r o u n d the w r i s t , a n d peeled off, t i l l it h a n g s by the finger nails — the ' h u m a n glove.' I ' m not s p a r i n g y o u . I hope y o u ' l l show a n d send them to everybody we k n o w . P e o p l e at home, apathetic fools they are, do not deserve to be spared. T h e y must b e w o k e n up. J o h n a n d K a t i e ought t o see them. M o s t of the photos are of w o m e n . W o m e n with their breasts cut off to the bone. . . . T w o little bits, ref. B o l s h e v i s t atrocities, y o u m i g h t type in as m a n y copies as y o u can. If y o u and several others left them in different teashops every afternoon, it m i g h t touch quite a lot of people. I shall send y o u chapter and verse if I can. If I h a v e n ' t sent chapter a n d verse in a m o n t h , do y o u r best w i t h o u t . Papers are no g o o d , because papers w o u l d put it m o r e delicately. We have here a t H . Q . passes issued t o B o l s h e v i s t s b y c o m m i s saries on o c c u p y i n g E k a t e r i n o d a r . These passes a u t h o r i z e their holders to arrest a n y g i r l they fancy f o r the use of the soldiery. S i x t y - t w o g i r l s of a l l classes were arrested l i k e this a n d t h r o w n to the B o l s h e v i s t troops. Those who struggled were k i l l e d quite early o n . T h e rest, w h e n used a n d f i n i s h e d , were m u t i l a t e d a n d t h r o w n , dead and d y i n g , into the t w o small rivers f l o w i n g t h r o u g h E k a t e r i n o d a r . I n all t o w n s oc cupied by B o l s h e v i s t s and reoccupied by us ' s l a u g h t e r h o u s e s ' are f o u n d c h o k e d w i t h corpses. H u n d r e d s of 'sus pects,' m e n , w o m e n , a n d c h i l d r e n , were herded in these — doors and w i n d o w s m a n n e d a n d the s t r u g g l i n g mass fired into u n t i l most of t h e m were dead or d y i n g . T h e doors were then locked and they were left. T h e stench in these places, I am t o l d , is h a i r - r a i s i n g . T h e s e ' s l a u g h t e r - h o u s e s ' are v e r i t 91

T H E PROTOCOLS able p l a g u e spots and have caused w i d e s p r e a d epidemics. I want y o u t o proselytize R o b i n s o n a n d g a l v a n i z e the C o l o n e l a n d everybody else y o u can get h o l d of. I ' d l i k e James t o see this and N o . 4 7 a n d D o r o t h y . A b o v e a l l the M a t e r . F o r I feel sure, that whatever happens, she a n d y o u w i l l be g l a d that I ' v e come o u t . " ("The Horrors of Bolshevism," reprinted from The Times, November 14, 1919, pp. 5 and 6.) In the same letter the w r i t e r refers to the B o l s h e v i s t plans o f e x t e n d i n g t h e i r p o w e r t o A s i a and A f r i c a , and discusses the part p l a y e d by the J e w s in the B o l s h e v i s t régime in Russia. " . . . B o l s h e v i s t R u s s i a i s a channel o f c o m m u n i c a t i o n t o the C o m m i t t e e o f U n i o n a n d P r o g r e s s , t o E g y p t , I n d i a , and A f g h a n i s t a n . U n l e s s beaten by us, the B o l s h i e s w i l l beat us. I t ' s a side issue f o r the present, but the danger of t h e i r rous i n g and l e t t i n g loose the Chinese is not so v e r y remote. T h e y h a v e declared w a r on C h r i s t i a n i t y . T h e B i b l e to t h e m is a ' c o u n t e r - r e v o l u t i o n a r y ' book, and to be stamped out. They are a i m i n g at r a i s i n g a l l n o n - C h r i s t i a n races against the C h r i s t i a n countries. T h e Bolshevists f o r m about 5 per cent. of the p o p u l a t i o n of R u s s i a — JEWS (80 to 90 per cent. of the commissaries are J e w s ) , Chinese, L e t t s , G e r m a n s , and certain o f the ' s k i l l e d l a b o r ' artisans. T h e conscribed peas a n t r y , o r i g i n a l l y captured by the c a t c h w o r d s m e n t i o n e d in the pamphlets, n o w often goaded beyond endurance, is r i s i n g against them over w i d e districts. S t i l l conscribed and put up to fight, u n d e r severe penalties, they f o r m most of the ' c a n n o n f o d d e r ' used by the Bolshies. T h e y desert, often en masse, and m a n y a peasant w h o m a r c h e d f o r the B o l s h e vists last week i s f i g h t i n g for D e n i k i n i n the V o l u n t e e r A r m y to-day. R e f . J e w s — In t o w n s captured by B o l s h e v i s t s the o n l y u n v i o l a t e d sacred b u i l d i n g s are the synagogues, w h i l e churches are used for a n y t h i n g , f r o m m o v i e - s h o w s to 'slaughter-houses.' T h e P o l e s , G a l i c i a n s , and P e t l u r a have c o m m i t t e d ' p o g r o m s ' (massacres o f J e w s ) . N o t the R u s sian V o l u n t e e r A r m i e s u n d e r D e n i k i n . D e n i k i n has, i n fact, been so strict in p r o t e c t i n g the J e w s that he has been accused by his sympathizers of f a v o r i n g them. If, h o w e v e r , a C o m m i s s a r y , steeped i n m u r d e r , w i t h torture and rape, w i t h m u t i l a t i o n , happens to be a J e w , as most of t h e m are, s h o u l d he receive exceptional t r e a t m e n t ? " ("The Horrors of Bolshevism," p. 5 . ) T h e L o n d o n Times of D e c e m b e r 3, 1919, p u b l i s h e d the statement o f a n eye witness o f the " r e i g n o f t o r t u r e " u n d e r the B o l s h e v i k i at the t i m e of the first capture of Odessa. T h e 92

T H E PROTOCOLS witness i s the R e v . R . C o u r t i e r - F o r s t e r , late B r i t i s h C h a p l a i n at O d e s s a and the R u s s i a n P o r t s of the B l a c k Sea. Space permits the r e p r i n t here of o n l y the f o l l o w i n g passages f r o m this important testimony as to one chapter of the B o l s h e v i s t terror: " W h i l e I was s t i l l B r i t i s h c h a p l a i n of O d e s s a the city was deluged w i t h b l o o d . W h e n the B o l s h e v i s t elements, g r a f t i n g on to t h e i r m a i n support the 4,000 c r i m i n a l s released f r o m the city gaols, attempted to seize the t o w n , people of educa t i o n , regardless of social p o s i t i o n , offered what a r m e d re sistance was in their p o w e r . W o r k m e n , shop assistants, sol diers, professional m e n , a n d a h a n d f u l of officers fought f o r freedom a n d l i b e r t y t h r o u g h the streets of the great p o r t f o r three days and n i g h t s against the bloody despotism of the Bolshevists. T r a m c a r s were o v e r t u r n e d to make barricades, trenches d u g in the streets, m a c h i n e - g u n s placed in the upper w i n d o w s of houses to mow the t h o r o u g h f a r e w i t h fire. T h e place became an i n f e r n o . T h e Bolshevists were v i c t o r i o u s . O n c a p t u r i n g O d e s s a R a i l w a y S t a t i o n , w h i c h had been de fended by a few officers a n d a n u m b e r of a n t i - B o l s h e v i s t soldiers, the Bolshevists bayoneted to death the 19 w o u n d e d a n d helpless m e n l a i d o n the w a i t i n g - r o o m floor t o await R e d C r o s s succour. " S c o r e s of other men w h o fell w o u n d e d in the streets also became v i c t i m s to the t r i u m p h a n t Bolshevist c r i m i n a l s . T h e m a j o r i t y of these w r e t c h e d a n d unhappy sufferers completely disappeared. I n q u i r i e s at the hospitals a n d prisons revealed the fact that they w e r e not there, and no trace of t h e m was to be f o u n d . A f o r t n i g h t later there was a terrible s t o r m on the B l a c k Sea, and the bodies of the m i s s i n g m e n were w a s h e d up on the rocks of O d e s s a b r e a k w a t e r and a l o n g the s h o r e ; they had been taken out to sea in s m a l l boats, stones tied to their feet, and then been d r o p p e d o v e r alive into deep water. H u n d r e d s of others were c a p t u r e d a n d taken on b o a r d the A l m a z a n d the S i n o p e , the largest cruiser of the B l a c k S e a Fleet. H e r e they became v i c t i m s of u n t h i n k a b l e t o r t u r e s . " O n the S i n o p e G e n e r a l C h o r m i c h o f f and some other per sonal friends of my o w n were fastened one by one w i t h i r o n chains to planks of w o o d and pushed s l o w l y , inch by i n c h , into the ship's furnaces a n d roasted alive. O t h e r s were tied to winches, the w i n c h e s t u r n e d u n t i l the m e n were t o r n in t w o alive. O t h e r s were taken to the boilers a n d scalded w i t h b o i l i n g s t e a m ; they w e r e then m o v e d to another part of the ship and v e n t i l a t i n g fans set r e v o l v i n g that currents of cold a i r m i g h t b l o w on the scalds a n d increase the agony of the torture. T h e f u l l names of 17 of the S i n o p e v i c t i m s were g i v e n me in w r i t i n g by members of their families or their 93

T H E PROTOCOLS personal friends. T h e s e were lost later when my r o o m s w e r e r a i d e d , my papers seized, a n d I myself arrested a n d t h r o w n into p r i s o n . " T h e house i n the C a t h e r i n e Square i n w h i c h I was f i r s t i n c a p t i v i t y a f t e r w a r d s became the Bolshevists' H o u s e o f T o r 足 ture in w h i c h h u n d r e d s of v i c t i m s were done to death. The shrieks of the people b e i n g t o r t u r e d to death or h a v i n g s p l i n 足 ters of w o o d d r i v e n under the quick of their nails were so a g o n i z i n g and a p p a l l i n g that personal friends o f m y o w n l i v i n g m o r e t h a n a h u n d r e d y a r d s away in the V o r o n t s o f f s k y P e r e u l o k were o b l i g e d to fasten their double w i n d o w s to pre足 vent the cries of a n g u i s h penetrating into the house. The h o r r o r and fear of the s u r v i v i n g citizens was so great that the Bolshevists kept m o t o r lorries t h u n d e r i n g up a n d d o w n the street to d r o w n the a w f u l screams of agony w r u n g f r o m their d y i n g v i c t i m s . " T h i s H o u s e of T o r t u r e remains as m u c h as possible in the c o n d i t i o n in w h i c h the Bolshevists left it and is n o w s h o w n to those who care to inspect its gruesome and blood-bespat足 tered rooms. " W e e k by week the newspapers published articles for and against the n a t i o n a l i z a t i o n of w o m e n . In S o u t h R u s s i a the proposal d i d not become a legal measure, but in O d e s s a bands of Bolshevists seized w o m e n and g i r l s and c a r r i e d t h e m off to the P o r t , the t i m b e r y a r d s , and the A l e x a n d r o v s k y P a r k for their o w n purposes. W o m e n used in this w a y were f o u n d in the m o r n i n g s either dead or m a d or in a d y i n g c o n d i t i o n . T h o s e f o u n d s t i l l alive were shot. O n e of the most a w f u l of m y o w n personal experiences o f the N e w C i v i l i z a t i o n was h e a r i n g a t n i g h t f r o m m y b e d r o o m w i n d o w s the f r a n t i c shrieks of w o m e n b e i n g raped to death in the p a r k opposite. Screams of s h r i l l t e r r o r and despair repeated at intervals u n t i l they became n o t h i n g but hoarse cries of agony l i k e the death calls of a d y i n g a n i m a l . T h i s happened not once, or twice, but m a n y times. N e v e r to the day of my death s h a l l I forget the h o r r o r of those d r e a d f u l shrieks of t o r t u r e d w o m e n , and one's o w n utter powerlessness to aid the v i c t i m s or p u n i s h the B o l s h e v i s t devils in their bestial o r g i e s . " ("Bolshevism, Reign of Torture at Odessa," by the Rev. R. Courtier-Forster, late British Chaplain at Odessa and the Russian Ports of the Black Sea. Reprinted from The Times, December 3, 1919, pp. 2, 3 and 4.) T h e P r o t o c o l s speak of concealed executions as w e l l as of open violence when m a k i n g use of the w e a p o n of t e r r o r i s m to secure p o l i t i c a l d o m i n a t i o n . T h e B o l s h e v i k i closely p a r a l l e l e d the P r o t o c o l s in this respect. W h i l e it is true that the n u m b e r of v i c t i m s of o u t r i g h t exe94

T H E PROTOCOLS c u t i o n by s h o o t i n g , d r o w n i n g , etc., have r u n into v e r y l a r g e f i g u r e s , they are u n d o u b t e d l y few i n c o m p a r i s o n w i t h the n u m b e r w h o have been deliberately starved by the B o l s h e v i k i . I n pursuance o f t h e i r a v o w e d p o l i c y o f e x t e r m i n a t i n g the bourgeois class the S o v i e t g o v e r n m e n t d i v i d e d the people i n t o f o u r categories w i t h respect to the receipt of f o o d , the b o u r geoisie b e i n g placed in the last t w o categories as to w h i c h the allowance of food was insufficient to support life. A report b y " M r . E . " f o u n d i n the B r i t i s h W h i t e B o o k , " R u s s i a N o . 1 " ( 1 9 1 9 ) , r e l a t i n g to the c o n d i t i o n s in F e b r u a r y , 1919, shows that the last t w o categories have been done a w a y w i t h alto gether. T h e report states that the B o l s h e v i k i have p u b l i s h e d statistics " s h o w i n g that the f o u r t h category was not necessary, as there were so few m e m b e r s . " " T h i s p r o v e s , " he says, " t h a t the 4th category people have either been e x t e r m i n a t e d or have been forced to w o r k u n d e r the B o l s h e v i k s in o r d e r to l i v e . " T h e same witness states that the amount of f o o d g i v e n to the first category was constantly v a r y i n g a c c o r d i n g to the supplies. T h e rations a l l o w e d the f o u r categories in O c t o b e r , 1918, are s h o w n by the B o l s h e v i s t paper Vooruzheny Narod (The Armed People): " T h e C o m m i s s a r y o f F o o d o f the P e t r o g r a d L a b o r C o m m u n e states that o n F r i d a y , S a t u r d a y , S u n d a y a n d M o n d a y , f o r f o u r days, the f o l l o w i n g products w i l l be g i v e n on the pres entation of the bread cards, a c c o r d i n g to c a t e g o r y : 1st category — 1 2nd category — 3 r d category — 4th category —

lb. ( R u s s i a n ) of bread and 3 lb. of potatoes ½ lb. of bread and 2 lb. of potatoes ¼ lb. of bread and 1 lb. of potatoes ½ lb. of potatoes." 1

M a n y witnesses have r e f e r r e d to the cruelty of this cate g o r y system. O f course, these rations f o r the 3 r d a n d 4 t h categories are quite insufficient to support life, and as the bourgeois classes were not o n l y placed in these categories, but were also persecuted and prevented f r o m g e t t i n g e m p l o y ment in m a n y cases, it is not s u r p r i s i n g that h u n d r e d s of thousands of them w e r e e x t e r m i n a t e d by these measures. As to the question of h o w the J e w i s h element in the p o p u lation came out on the question of food as c o m p a r e d w i t h the 1

B r i t i s h W h i t e B o o k , R u s s i a N o . 1 (1919), p. 86.

T H E PROTOCOLS C h r i s t i a n element there is little evidence at h a n d , but we m a y r e f e r to one statement in a m e m o r a n d u m of a M r . B. contained i n the B r i t i s h W h i t e B o o k , " R u s s i a N o . 1 ( 1 9 1 9 ) , " a s f o l l o w s : " A t the P u t i l o f W o r k s a n t i - S e m i t i s m i s g r o w i n g , p r o b a b l y because the f o o d supply committees are entirely in the hands of J e w s — a n d voices can be h e a r d sometimes c a l l i n g f o r a 'pogrom.' " 1

W h o l e s a l e s t a r v a t i o n in R u s s i a n cities is one of the most s t r i k i n g features o f R u s s i a ' s tragedy. T h e bourgeoisie, a n d especially the intellectual classes of the R u s s i a n people, are systematically u n d e r f e d by the treacherous r a t i o n i n g system of the J e w i s h Soviet officials. M a n u a l labor as w e l l as the intellectual w o r k e r s are subjected to a most v i l l a i n o u s t y r a n n y , namely, to the t y r a n n y of starvation. It is p r o p e r to p r o p o u n d the q u e s t i o n : Is this p o l i c y c a r r i e d out in accordance w i t h the s t i p u l a t i o n of the P r o t o c o l s w h i c h reads as f o l l o w s : " O u r p o w e r lies i n the c h r o n i c m a l n u t r i t i o n a n d i n the weak ness of the w o r k e r , because t h r o u g h this he falls u n d e r o u r p o w e r and is unable to find either strength or e n e r g y to c o u n teract i t . " ( P r o t o c o l N o . I I I . )

(b)

The

Program

Hypocrisy

As already seen, the P r o t o c o l s call f o r a p r o g r a m of h y p o c r i s y as w e l l as t e r r o r . T h e nature of the B o l s h e v i s t régime v i e w e d f r o m this angle i s g r a p h i c a l l y described b y M r . R o g e r E . S i m m o n s i n his testimony before the O v e r m a n C o m m i t t e e . On pages 298 and 299 of the Senate R e p o r t he states: " A l o n g the t r a n s - S i b e r i a n line, p r o c e e d i n g s l o w l y , I h a d a chance of r e a d i n g the literature that the B o l s h e v i k i were dis t r i b u t i n g i n connection w i t h their active p r o p a g a n d a ; also the decrees, p r o c l a m a t i o n s , a n d the p u b l i c f o r m a l announcements of a l l k i n d s of the local and national authorities. M a n y of these sounded plausible, a i m e d to be constructive, ostensibly, a n d in their i d e a l i s m a n d promises were g o l d e n . I c o u l d see h o w people w o u l d be attracted, and f o r the first 8 to 10 weeks u n d e r s t o o d their sanguine hopes. B u t after this t i m e d i s i n t e g r a t i o n was r a p i d a n d I saw the a w f u l results. T h e modus operandi was not in line w i t h theories. T h e y t a l k e d ideals but d i d not act ideals. P r a c t i c e s showed there was decided i m m o r a l i t y ; decidedly, the g a m e was not b e i n g p l a y e d squarely, 1

B r i t i s h W h i t e B o o k , R u s s i a N o . 1 (1919), p . 68.

T H E PROTOCOLS the people b e i n g deceived by the leaders. I suspected it f r o m the v e r y b e g i n n i n g f r o m what I saw in S i b e r i a . If y o u w i l l let me, I w i l l read to y o u a significant a d m i s s i o n in that connection. " T h i s statement was w r i t t e n to me, at my request, by an A m e r i c a n that it c o u l d be g i v e n to the A m e r i c a n C o n s u l G e n eral. It reads as f o l l o w s : " ' B o n c h B r u e v i t c h , the executor of the acts of a l l the People's C o m m i s s a r s , not a s t r o n g m a n , but a close f r i e n d of L e n i n e ' s , w h o , w o r k i n g in the same office, is able to influence L e n i n e strongly. A p o w e r in the g o v e r n m e n t as l o n g as L e n i n e lives. H e states that the B o l s h e v i k i have not w o r k e d out a code of m o r a l s yet, a n d u n t i l they do, the end justifies the means. A n y lies o r d i c t a t o r i a l methods are w o r t h u s i n g as l o n g as they are in the interests of the w o r k i n g classes. A close f r i e n d of his says he has no compunctions, l y i n g w h e n ever there is an advantage to be gained f r o m it f o r the Soviets.' " T h e movement i s i m m o r a l , absolutely." In this connection it is of the utmost i m p o r t a n c e to c a l l the attention of the reader to the statement of one of the best k n o w n J e w i s h S o v i e t officials, Z i n o v i e f f — A p f e l b a u m , P r e s i dent of the P e t r o g r a d S o v i e t , r e g a r d i n g the means of s p r e a d i n g world-wide propaganda. T h e passage as quoted before proves h o w closely the policies advocated in the P r o t o c o l s resemble the J e w i s h policies as c a r r i e d out by the S o v i e t officials in R u s s i a . T h i s is what Z i n o v i e f f stated on F e b r u a r y 2, 1919: " W e are w i l l i n g t o s i g n a n u n f a v o r a b l e peace w i t h the allies . . . I t w o u l d o n l y mean that w e s h o u l d put n o trust whatever in the bit of paper we w o u l d s i g n . We s h o u l d use the breath i n g space so obtained in o r d e r to gather o u r strength in o r d e r that the mere c o n t i n u e d existence of o u r g o v e r n m e n t w o u l d keep up the w o r l d - w i d e p r o p a g a n d a w h i c h Soviet R u s s i a has been c a r r y i n g on f o r m o r e than a year." 1

(c)

The

Destruction

Religion

and

Christianity

H e r e a g a i n the actual policies of the B o l s h e v i k i f u l l y co incide w i t h the P r o t o c o l s . T h e most i m p o r t a n t passage in the P r o t o c o l s as to p o l i c y advocated in r e g a r d to r e l i g i o n is the f o l l o w i n g :

the

" L i b e r t y c o u l d also be harmless and r e m a i n on the state p r o g r a m w i t h o u t detriment to the w e l l - b e i n g of the people if it were to retain the ideas of the belief in G o d a n d h u m a n "Memorandum. C e r t a i n A s p e c t s o f the B o l s h e v i s t M o v e m e n t i n R u s s i a . " W a s h i n g t o n , G o v e r n m e n t P r i n t i n g Office, 1919, p. 20. 1

T H E PROTOCOLS f r a t e r n i t y , free f r o m the conception of equality w h i c h is in c o n t r a d i c t i o n to the laws of nature w h i c h establish s u b o r d i n a t i o n . W i t h such a f a i t h the people w o u l d be g o v e r n e d by the g u a r d i a n s of the p a r i s h and w o u l d t h r i v e quietly a n d obedi ently u n d e r the g u i d a n c e of their s p i r i t u a l leader, accepting G o d ' s dispensation on earth. It is for this reason that we must u n d e r m i n e f a i t h , t e a r i n g f r o m the m i n d s of the G o y s the v e r y p r i n c i p l e o f G o d a n d S o u l , a n d substituting mathematical for mulas and m a t e r i a l needs." It appears f r o m the above excerpt that the P r o t o c o l s a d v o cate the destruction of r e l i g i o n and the r e l i g i o u s spirit a m o n g the Gentiles on the g r o u n d that they are the p o l i t i c a l as w e l l as the m o r a l b u l w a r k s of the G e n t i l e states. In another place the P r o t o c o l s state that the most f o r m i d a b l e antagonist of the J e w s in the past has been R o m e , i.e., the R o m a n C a t h o l i c Church. T h e B o l s h e v i k i , w h a t e v e r their real motives m a y be, have f r o m the m o m e n t they came into power in R u s s i a conducted a c a m p a i g n of violence and persecution against the C h r i s t i a n r e l i g i o n , in the guise of a c a m p a i g n against r e l i g i o n in gen eral. W h i l e they have not attacked the J e w i s h r e l i g i o n or the J e w i s h rabbis, they have m u r d e r e d a n d persecuted C h r i s t i a n priests and harassed their congregations in the churches. W h i l e p r o f e s s i n g to be merely f o l l o w i n g the S o c i a l i s t teach ings o f K a r l M a r x ( h i m s e l f a J e w ) , who attacked r e l i g i o n i n general as the creature of capitalism, the B o l s h e v i s t c a m p a i g n against r e l i g i o n is in fact directed against C h r i s t i a n i t y . E v i d e n c e of the above is f o u n d in the s w o r n testimony of several witnesses before the O v e r m a n C o m m i t t e e a n d in offi c i a l reports of the B r i t i s h government and elsewhere. A n E n g l i s h c l e r g y m a n , the R e v . B . S . L o m b a r d , i n a report t o E a r l C u r z o n , dated M a r c h 23, 1919, r e f e r r i n g t o the c o n ditions in Soviet R u s s i a , stated as f o l l o w s : " T h e treatment o f the priests was b r u t a l beyond e v e r y t h i n g . E i g h t of them were incarcerated in a cell in o u r c o r r i d o r . S o m e o f u s saw a n aged m a n k n o c k e d d o w n t w i c e one m o r n i n g f o r apparently no reason whatever, and they were e m p l o y e d to p e r f o r m the most d e g r a d i n g w o r k and made to clean out the filthy p r i s o n h o s p i t a l . " 1

M r . G e o r g e A . S i m o n s testified before the O v e r m a n C o m mittee, in answer to a question of Senator K i n g , as f o l l o w s : 1

B r i t i s h W h i t e B o o k , R u s s i a N o . 1 (1919), p. 57.

T H E PROTOCOLS S E N A T O R K I N G . " D i d y o u find, then, that atheism perme ates the r a n k s of the B o l s h e v i k i ? " MR. SIMONS. " Y e s , sir. A n d the a n t i - C h r i s t spirit a s well." T h e testimony o f M r . S i m o n s o n this subject was a s f o l lows: SENATOR

KING.

"What

t r y i n g to

get at

is,

for my

i n f o r m a t i o n , w h y B o l s h e v i s m is bitterly opposed to a l l sorts of r e l i g i o n or sacraments of the c h u r c h — C h r i s t i a n i t y ; because I suppose that they recognize that C h r i s t i a n i t y is the basis of law and o r d e r a n d of o r d e r l y government. I was w o n d e r i n g if y o u h a d d i s c o v e r e d w h y they were so bitter against C h r i s t i a n i t y , a n d i f y o u f o u n d that a l l the B o l s h e v i k s were atheistic o r r a t i o n a l i s t i c o r a n t i - C h r i s t i a n ? " M R . S I M O N S . " M y experience over there u n d e r the B o l s h e v i k i r é g i m e has led me to come to the c o n c l u s i o n that the B o l s h e v i k i r e l i g i o n is not o n l y absolutely a n t i - r e l i g i o u s , athe istic, but has it in m i n d to make a l l real r e l i g i o u s w o r k i m possible as soon as they can achieve that end w h i c h they are pressing. T h e r e was a m e e t i n g — I cannot g i v e y o u the date o f f h a n d ; it must have been in A u g u s t , 1918 — h e l d in a large h a l l that h a d once been used by the Y o u n g M e n ' s C h r i s t i a n A s s o c i a t i o n i n P e t r o g r a d f o r t h e i r w o r k a m o n g the R u s s i a n soldiers. T h e B o l s h e v i k i confiscated i t ; put out the Y . M . C . A . In that large h a l l there was a m e e t i n g h e l d w h i c h was to be a sort of religious dispute. L u n a c h a r s k y , the C o m m i s s a r of the People's E n l i g h t e n m e n t , as he was called, and M r . S p i t z b e r g , w h o was the C o m m i s s a r o f P r o p a g a n d a f o r B o l s h e v i s m , were the t w o m a i n speakers. B o t h of those m e n spoke in very m u c h the same w a y as E m m a G o l d m a n has been s p e a k i n g . I have been g e t t i n g some of her literature, a n d recently I have been very m u c h a m a z e d at the same line of a r g u m e n t a t i o n w i t h r e g a r d to the attack on r e l i g i o n a n d C h r i s t i a n i t y a n d so-called religious organizations." SENATOR

KING.

"She

the

Bolshevik

who

has

been

j a i l in this c o u n t r y a n d w h o w i l l be deported as soon as her sentence is o v e r ? " MR. SIMONS. " I d o not k n o w a s she w i l l b e deported." SENATOR KING.

" I t h i n k she w i l l b e . "

M R . S I M O N S . " S h e ought to be put somewhere w h e r e she cannot issue any m o r e of that literature. Lunacharsky and S p i t z b e r g came out w i t h pretty m u c h the same t h i n g s that she has been s a y i n g a n d p r i n t i n g . T h i s i s one o f these theses: ' A l l that is bad in the w o r l d , m i s e r y and s u f f e r i n g that we have h a d , is l a r g e l y due to the s u p e r s t i t i o n that there is a G o d . ' " SENATOR KING. " I noticed i n yesterday's paper that i n 99

T H E PROTOCOLS their schools the c h i l d r e n are being taught, w h e r e v e r they have schools a t a l l , positive atheism. D i d y o u v e r i f y t h a t ? " MR. SIMONS. " L u n a c h a r s k y , as the official head o f the de partment of education, C o m m i s s a r of the People's E n l i g h t e n ment, s a i d : ' W e n o w propose t o enlighten o u r boys a n d o u r g i r l s a n d we are u s i n g as a textbook a catechism of atheism w h i c h w i l l be used in o u r p u b l i c schools.' Y e t he h a d the a u d a c i t y t o s a y : ' W e are g o i n g t o give a l l churches the same chance.' A n d a priest replied t o h i m , s a y i n g : ' T h e n y o u ought not to put y o u r catechism of atheism into the schools.' 1

R e f e r r i n g f u r t h e r t o the m e e t i n g a t the Y . M . C . A . , M r . S i m o n s said a little later in his t e s t i m o n y : " L u n a c h a r s k y a n d S p i t z b e r g said i n that m e e t i n g , a n d they sent it out in their p r o c l a m a t i o n s : ' T h e greatest enemy to o u r p r o l e t a r i a n cause is r e l i g i o n . T h e so-called c h u r c h is s i m p l y a camouflage of capitalistic c o n t r o l a n d they are h i d i n g b e h i n d it, and in order to have success in o u r movement we must get r i d of the c h u r c h . ' N o w a f r a n k statement l i k e that seems to me to indicate their a n t i - r e l i g i o u s and a n t i - C h r i s t i a n a n i m u s . " 2

M r . S i m o n s f u r t h e r testified a s f o l l o w s : S E N A T O R K I N G . " H a s there been a confiscation of c h u r c h p r o p e r t y and b u i l d i n g s ? " M R . SIMONS. " Y e s , s i r ; a n d i n quite a n u m b e r of instances monasteries, w i t h t h e i r wealth, have been taken, a n d a l l k i n d s of indecent things have been done by certain B o l s h e v i k officials. " I have some data s h o w i n g that they have t u r n e d c e r t a i n churches and monasteries into d a n c i n g halls, and one instance has been reported to me where a certain B o l s h e v i k official went into a c h u r c h w h i l e the people were there w a i t i n g for the sacrament, and t h r e w the priest out, so I am t o l d , and h i m s e l f put on the c l e r i c a l garb, a n d then went on the altar a n d made a comedy of the r i t u a l , w h i c h s t i r r e d up the r e l i g i o u s sense of the people to that extent that they threatened — of course, a m o n g themselves — that they w o u l d yet k i l l that m a n . He happened to be an apostate Jew. M r . R o g e r E . S i m m o n s testified a s f o l l o w s i n r e g a r d t o the R u s s i a n priest w h o was put in the same p r i s o n w i t h h i m by the B o l s h e v i k i : " A h i g h priest o f the c h u r c h was there. H e h a d been p r e a c h i n g sermons p u b l i c l y d e n o u n c i n g the i m m o r a l i t y of the B o l s h e v i k i . T h e y i m p r i s o n e d h i m and shot h i m . T h i s priest t o l d me that he was a great a d m i r e r of D r . M o t t of A m e r i c a . " 1 2

Senate R e p o r t , " B o l s h e v i k P r o p a g a n d a , " pp. 136 a n d 137. Senate R e p o r t , " B o l s h e v i k P r o p a g a n d a , " p. 139.

100

T H E PROTOCOLS SENATOR

NELSON.

"Do

y o u not

think that

the

church

the end w i l l p r o v e the r a l l y i n g center f o r the a n t i - B o l s h e v i k forces?" MR. SIMMONS. " I t h i n k i t certainly w i l l b e one o f the p r i n cipal f a c t o r s : no doubt of it. T h a t priest took the occasion, k n o w i n g that I was an official of the A m e r i c a n G o v e r n m e n t , t h i n k i n g that it was the last d u t y he c o u l d perhaps p e r f o r m f o r R u s s i a , to b e g me to go back a n d tell the American people, 'For God's sake, send us help.' He was s p e a k i n g , g e n t l e m e n , not f o r h i m s e l f , but f o r the large class of people that he represented." 1

TESTIMONY

MR.

THEODOR

KRYSHTOFOVICH

"As y o u k n o w , gentlemen, the R u s s i a n s are a v e r y r e l i g i o u s people. L i k e here in the U n i t e d States, there are v e r y m a n y denominations there, but most of the people b e l o n g to the G r e e k C h u r c h . Of course, the priests a n d r e l i g i o u s people are not very pleasant to the B o l s h e v i k i , because the B o l s h e v i k i deny any r e l i g i o n or any r e l i g i o u s sentiment. T h e y oppose the R u s s i a n c l e r g y a n d the R u s s i a n c l e r g y oppose the B o l s h e v i k i , a n d the R u s s i a n priests are treated very badly. F o r instance, they are set to do streetwork, c l e a n i n g the streets, p a v i n g streets, d i g g i n g ditches, a n d s o o n . T h e w o r k m e n t o l d m e several times, ' T h e B o l s h e v i k i are s e n d i n g out priests t o w o r k i n the streets. W h y d o they not send their r a b b i s ? ' A n d that i s true. The Jewish Rabbis are not sent to work on the streets. T h e B o l s h e v i k i are o p p o s i n g r e l i g i o n to such an extent that lately w h e n I was g o i n g to P e t r o g r a d they raised a question of t e a c h i n g atheism in the schools. T h e y boast that they have opened so m a n y schools, but they do not say that they closed as m a n y schools as they opened. We had schools in connection w i t h the churches, in connection w i t h every c h u r c h there was a school, and a l l these schools are closed n o w . " 2

F u r t h e r evidence that the B o l s h e v i k i , a l t h o u g h a t t a c k i n g C h r i s t i a n i t y , protect the J e w i s h r e l i g i o n , is f o u n d in the f o l l o w i n g article, w h i c h appeared on the 5th of J u l y , 1919, in the weekly p u b l i c a t i o n Soviet Russia, page 15. T h e article is entitled " S o v i e t T o l e r a n c e . " It reads as f o l l o w s : " T h e N e w Y o r k J e w i s h D a i l y , 'The Day,' i n its issue o f J u n e 24th has the f o l l o w i n g c a b l e g r a m f r o m its E u r o p e a n cor respondent, N . S h i f f r i n : ' G l a d T i d i n g s f r o m R u s s i a . ' ' T h e Z i o n i s t s have o r g a n i z e d t h r o u g h o u t R u s s i a F o o d C o - o p e r a t i v e Societies w h i c h are u n i t e d i n every city into C e n t r a l C o - o p e r a 1 2

Senate R e p o r t , " B o l s h e v i k P r o p a g a n d a , " p. 316. Senate R e p o r t , " B o l s h e v i k P r o p a g a n d a , " p. 431.

101

T H E PROTOCOLS tive A s s o c i a t i o n s u n i t e d i n the A l l - R u s s i a n F e d e r a t i o n o f J e w ish F o o d Co-operative A s s o c i a t i o n s . T h e F e d e r a t i o n i s i n part subsidized b y the M o s c o w Soviet G o v e r n m e n t . A l l schools of the Z i o n i s t s in w h i c h the language of i n s t r u c t i o n is ancient H e b r e w , a s w e l l a s the H e b r e w H i g h S c h o o l i n M i n s k , have been taken o v e r by the government. T h e y have been i n c o r p o rated in the P u b l i c S c h o o l S y s t e m w h i c h is m a i n t a i n e d by the C o m m i s s a r i a t of P u b l i c E d u c a t i o n . ' " T h e significant part of this article consists in the fact that the o l d H e b r e w is a r e l i g i o u s language in w h i c h the T a l m u d is written. T h e o l d H e b r e w can serve o n l y f o r the study of the T a l m u d as w e l l as of other J e w i s h r e l i g i o u s w r i t i n g s . T h u s , w h i l e c o m b a t i n g the C h r i s t i a n r e l i g i o n , the B o l s h e v i k i are e x t e n d i n g protection to the J e w i s h r e l i g i o n and to the synagogues. I n a pamphlet entitled " T h e R u s s i a n C h u r c h u n d e r the B o l s h e v i k s , " recently p u b l i s h e d in E n g l a n d , is p r i n t e d the appeal o f F a t h e r Serge O r l o v , " w h o played a n i m p o r t a n t part i n the R e f o r m movement i n the R u s s i a n c h u r c h , " a n d w h o i s n o w i n S w i t z e r l a n d , where the N a t i o n a l C o n s i s t o r y has expressed its s y m p a t h y f o r the R u s s i a n people by c o m p o s i n g a special p r a y e r f o r the l i b e r a t i o n o f R u s s i a f r o m the B o l s h e v i k s . W e quote the f o l l o w i n g passages f r o m this appeal o f F a t h e r O r l o v : " O w i n g t o B o l s h e v i s m the O r t h o d o x R u s s i a n C h u r c h i s p a s s i n g t h r o u g h so acute a crisis that there is serious danger to the f u n d a m e n t a l idea of the whole of C h r i s t i a n i t y . " B o l s h e v i s m is essentially hostile to C h r i s t , a n d manifests even greater hatred t o w a r d s C h r i s t i a n i t y than d i d the p a g a n p o w e r of the first centuries.

" B o l s h e v i s m and the C h r i s t i a n C h u r c h cannot exist side by side. " T h e persecution o f the C h u r c h began i n J a n u a r y , 1918, and has been i n c r e a s i n g since then. T h e B o l s h e v i k s issued a decree on the disestablishment of the C h u r c h , a l t h o u g h never h a d the R u s s i a n C h u r c h been so f i r m l y in the g r i p of the secular authorities as in Soviet R u s s i a . T h e C h u r c h has not only been robbed but treated w i t h contumely. E v e r y com m i s s a r y has the r i g h t of p r o h i b i t i n g a service if he suspects the priest or his c o n g r e g a t i o n of c o u n t e r - r e v o l u t i o n a r y ten dencies. P r a c t i c a l l y whenever he chooses he can close a c h u r c h , t u r n it into a c i n e m a , mock at the ancient sacred relics, and in general insult people's religious feelings. 102

T H E PROTOCOLS " B u t it is strange that the greater the persecution of the R u s s i a n C h u r c h the nearer a n d dearer does it become to the t o r t u r e d R u s s i a n people. Indeed, the priests of the R u s s i a n C h u r c h boldly denounce the B o l s h e v i k s . Not one of the secular rulers has accused them so openly as Tikhon, the All-Russian Patriarch, over whom the Damocles sword of the Bolsheviks is always hanging. But the sword can only kill the body, and not the spirit. " A s early a s last F e b r u a r y , P a t r i a r c h T i k h o n e x c o m m u n i cated the B o l s h e v i k s , the e x c o m m u n i c a t i o n b e i n g read in the churches. A t that time the persecution o f the c l e r g y h a d a l ready commenced, but the P a t r i a r c h h a d not been arrested. It was o n l y later, in the a u t u m n of 1918, d u r i n g the u n i v e r sal T e r r o r , that he was placed under d o m i c i l i a r y arrest in his apartments i n the K r e m l i n , w i t h a g u a r d o f Chinese, L e t t s a n d R e d A r m y men, a n d d e p r i v e d of his rations. B u t even as a p r i s o n e r the P a t r i a r c h issued declarations against the B o l s h e v i k s , in w h i c h he severely denounced them. "It is not enough," writes the Patriarch, "that you have stained the hands of the Russian people with the blood of their brethren. You have instigated the people to open, shameless robbery. You have befogged their consciences and stifled their conviction of sin, but under whatever name you disguise an evil deed, murder, violence and robbery will always remain crimes and deeds of evil that clamor to Heaven for vengeance. Yes, we are going through a dreadful time under your dominion, and it will be long before it fades from the hearts of the nation, where it has dimmed the image of God and impressed that of the beast. " B u t as yet the B o l s h e v i k s have not dared to raise their h a n d against the aged P a t r i a r c h . A p p a r e n t l y he is a l i v e . " A

faint

idea

what

the

Bolsheviks

are

doing

the

R u s s i a n C h u r c h m a y b e gathered f r o m the f o l l o w i n g : " A c c o r d i n g t o i n f o r m a t i o n received f r o m A . K a r t a s h o v , f o r m e r M i n i s t e r of C u l t s , by D e c e m b e r , 1918, the B o l s h e v i k s h a d k i l l e d ten archbishops a n d b i s h o p s ; it is difficult to ascer t a i n the n u m b e r of priests k i l l e d . It reaches several h u n d r e d s . T h e P a t r i a r c h is a p r i s o n e r in his o w n house. A c c o r d i n g to the ( l a t e r ) message f r o m the A r c h b i s h o p o f O m s k , P r e s i d e n t of the S u p r e m e A d m i n i s t r a t i o n of the O r t h o d o x C h u r c h , to the A r c h b i s h o p o f C a n t e r b u r y , the M e t r o p o l i t a n o f K i e v , twenty bishops a n d h u n d r e d s of priests have been assassinated. S o m e were b u r i e d alive. ' W h e r e v e r the B o l s h e v i k s are i n p o w e r , ' says the A r c h b i s h o p o f O m s k , ' t h e C h r i s t i a n C h u r c h is persecuted w i t h even greater ferocity t h a n in the first three centuries of the C h r i s t i a n era.' " W h e n , i n J a n u a r y , 1919, the t o w n o f Y u r i e v ( D o r p a t ) 103

T H E PROTOCOLS was taken by the B o l s h e v i k s , B i s h o p P l a t o n was arrested. T h e R e v a l papers thus describe the B i s h o p ' s last moments. T h e B o l s h e v i k s burst i n t o his house a t n i g h t , d r a g g e d h i m f r o m his bed. B a r e f o o t a n d c l a d o n l y i n his u n d e r - l i n e n , the B i s h o p , w i t h 17 other persons, was d r a g g e d d o w n to the cellars of the house they had been arrested i n . H e r e the R e d executioners r u s h e d a t t h e m w i t h t h e i r axes a n d k i l l e d t h e m . " N e a r K o t l a s , a l l the ten m o n k s o f the monastery, w i t h the p r i o r at their head, w e r e shot f o r agitation against the S o v i e t authorities." I n f o r m a t i o n has come f r o m O m s k that as a result of a j u d i c i a l i n v e s t i g a t i o n o f the B o l s h e v i k t e r r o r i n P e r m , the f o l l o w i n g has been d i s c o v e r e d : â&#x20AC;&#x201D; " A r c h b i s h o p A n d r o n i k was b u r i e d a l i v e ; V a s s i l i , A r c h b i s h o p o f C h e r n i g o v , w h o h a d come t o M o s c o w t o i n q u i r e about the fate o f A r c h b i s h o p A n d r o n i k , was cut d o w n a n d k i l l e d w i t h his two companions. B i s h o p F e o f a n was first t o r t u r e d , then d i p p e d several times into the r i v e r t h r o u g h a hole in the ice, a n d finally d r o w n e d i n the R i v e r K a m a . Besides this, i t was discovered that 50 priests h a d been executed. Before being k i l l e d they were h o r r i b l y t o r t u r e d . " A t the evacuation o f C h e r d y n the B o l s h e v i k s took w i t h t h e m a m o n g other hostages a h i g h l y respected priest, N i c o l a s K o n i u r o v , w h o m they subjected t o atrocious t o r m e n t s . " D u r i n g a severe frost they s t r i p p e d the o l d m a n n a k e d a n d p o u r e d w a t e r o v e r h i m u n t i l he was t r a n s f o r m e d into a statue o f ice." ("The Russian Church under the Bolsheviks," pages 1, 2, 3.) T h e statement o f the R e v . R . C o u r t i e r - F o r s t e r , B r i t i s h C h a p l a i n a t O d e s s a , a l r e a d y cited under the head o f " T e r r o r , " contains the f o l l o w i n g passage as to the m a r t y r d o m of C h r i s Â tians u n d e r the B o l s h e v i k i : " I t was the m a r t y r d o m o f the t w o M e t r o p o l i t a n s a n d the assassination of so m a n y B i s h o p s a n d the k i l l i n g of h u n d r e d s o f v a r i o u s C h r i s t i a n ministers o f r e l i g i o n , regardless o f d e n o m Â i n a t i o n or school of t h o u g h t , that p r o v e d the u n d o i n g of the Scourge. R u s s i a n O r t h o d o x clergy, Protestant L u t h e r a n pastors, R o m a n C a t h o l i c priests, were t o r t u r e d a n d done t o death w i t h the same l i g h t - h e a r t e d i n d i s c r i m i n a t i o n in the name of T o l e r a t i o n and F r e e d o m . T h e n it was that the Scourge, seeing the last remnants of L i b e r t y g r o u n d u n d e r the heel of a t y r a n n y more b r u t a l in its methods than a mediaeval t o r t u r e chamber, p u b l i s h e d another full-page cartoon r e p r e s e n t i n g M o s e s descending f r o m the B u r n i n g M o u n t , b r i n g i n g i n his 104

T H E PROTOCOLS a r m s the Tables o f T e n C o m m a n d m e n t s t o H u m a n i t y , and b e i n g stoned to death by a m o b of w o r k m e n ' s a n d soldiers' delegates. " T h e f o l l o w i n g S u n d a y a f t e r n o o n I was p a s s i n g t h r o u g h the T o w n G a r d e n s , w h e n I saw a g r o u p of B o l s h e v i s t soldiers i n s u l t i n g a n I k o n o f the T h o r n - c r o w n e d F a c e o f C h r i s t . T h e o w n e r of the I k o n was s p i t t i n g in the p i c t u r e d F a c e , w h i l e the others were s t a n d i n g a r o u n d w a t c h i n g w i t h l o u d guffaws o f laughter. P r e s e n t l y they tore the sacred p i c t u r e into f r a g 足 ments, danced on it, a n d t r a m p l e d a n d stamped the pieces i n t o the m u d . " ("Bolshevism, Reign of Torture at Odessa," by Rev. R. Courtier-Forster, reprinted from The Times, Dec. 3, 1919, page 4.) (d)

Inciting

Class

Hatred

It w i l l be recalled that the P r o t o c o l s specifically r e f e r to the incitement of class h a t r e d as one of the most effective means o f b r i n g i n g about the destruction o f C h r i s t i a n , that is, " G O Y " states. T h e c o n c l u d i n g sentence o f P r o t o c o l N o . I V reads a s follows: " I t w i l l be at that stage that the lower classes o f the G O Y S , not f o r the sake of d o i n g g o o d , n o r even f o r the sake of w e a l t h , but solely because of their hatred t o w a r d s the p r i v i 足 leged, w i l l f o l l o w u s against the intelligent G o y s , o u r c o m p e t i 足 tors for p o w e r . " T h i s r e m a r k a b l e s t i p u l a t i o n o f the P r o t o c o l s i s l i t e r a l l y f o l l o w e d by the J e w i s h S o v i e t officials in R u s s i a . T h i s is h o w M r . R o g e r E . S i m m o n s , i n his testimony before the O v e r 足 m a n C o m m i t t e e , describes the p o l i c y of i n c i t i n g class h a t r e d by the B o l s h e v i k i in R u s s i a : M R . S I M M O N S . " B e i n g a social r e v o l u t i o n , of course the w o r s t parts about it are the results of the a w f u l class h a t r e d the B o l s h e v i k i leaders are i n c i t i n g . T h e y are i n c i t i n g it in every part of the c o u n t r y by t h e i r publications a n d in a l l their efficient p r o p a g a n d a . It has not been any more disastrous in any parts of R u s s i a , I believe, than it has been in m a n y villages a m o n g the peasantry. " T h e i r policy has as an u n d e r l y i n g motive the a r o u s i n g of class a n t a g o n i s m , the proletariat h a t i n g the bourgeoisie. In practice it means that the less fortunate in every i n d u s t r y and i n s t i t u t i o n bear a n i m u s against those qualified to h o l d better positions. T h i s has been i n d i r e c t l y the cause of most of the incidents of t e r r o r i s m witnesses have spoken of, more of w h i c h I w i l l tell y o u about later. " W h e n it was seen that the peasantry d i d not r a l l y to the 105

THE

PROTOCOLS

s u p p o r t of the B o l s h e v i k cause a n d that they refused to sell g r a i n f o r rubles w i t h o u t value, the B o l s h e v i k i t o o k the class issue to the villages. L e n i n e calls this movement a w a k e n i n g class consciousness o f the peasantry. H e o r g a n i z e d f o r this w o r k ' p o o r committees,' as they are called in t r a n s l a t i o n . T h e s e committees of soldiers go out to the v i l l a g e s to inflame the dissatisfied elements a n d to extract by force food f r o m the peasants. . . . B u t L e n i n e sends the poor committees, a g i t a tors, to incite peasants w h o have no land to conspire against those w h o have, a n d to take the guns he gives t h e m f o r fight i n g , r o b b i n g , a n d p l u n d e r i n g neighbors i n t h e i r o w n a n d n e i g h b o r i n g v i l l a g e s w h o have l a n d . W h e n y o u come later t o read, gentlemen, the h i s t o r y of the R u s s i a n r e v o l u t i o n , some of the bloodiest fights, y o u w i l l find, a n d worst h o r r o r s , have o c c u r r e d in villages. T h o s e simple, p e a c e - l o v i n g people have been l i v i n g a m o n g themselves for centuries in m o r e or less h a r m o n y under t h e i r c o m m u n i s t i c system. B u t a l l of a sudden L e n i n e , by his n e f a r i o u s policies, sets the passions of the d e m o r a l i z e d class aflame a n d t u r n s them against the other t w o classes. Instead of p r o m o t i n g b r o t h e r l y love a n d h e l p i n g to make the sentiment of the n a t i o n one f o r the g o o d of a l l , as we are s t r i v i n g to do in A m e r i c a , the B o l s h e v i k i are t r y i n g by jealousy and animosity to disintegrate the population of various localities into classes w i t h a v i e w of the honest toiler b e i n g overcome a n d subjected. N o w this is a serious matter. T h e peasantry represent 85 per cent of the 160,000,000 Russians. " I n R u s s i a class h a t r e d is seen manifested e v e r y w h e r e . I w i l l m e n t i o n one i l l u s t r a t i o n w h i c h I saw in P e t r o g r a d — t h e u n d r e s s i n g of a w o m a n . I h a d h e a r d about it before. It was about 6 : 3 0 , g r o w i n g d a r k , as I was w a l k i n g d o w n the N e v s k y P r o s p e c t on my w a y home. I heard a y e l l of distress f r o m a w o m a n up a street r u n n i n g p e r p e n d i c u l a r l y to the N e v s k y . T h e r e t w o soldiers were r e m o v i n g the cloak — a v e r y g o o d substantial cloth coat — f r o m a w o m a n . A n d w h e n protests were made by the standers-by, the a n s w e r was, ' W e have blacked y o u r boots a n d w a s h e d y o u r clothes for m a n y years. N o w y o u bourgeoisie have got t o b o w t o u s a n d w a s h o u r clothes a n d black o u r boots.' U n d r e s s i n g to steal clothes went on to a considerable extent in M o s c o w , P e t r o g r a d a n d K i e v , a c c o r d i n g to reports. It went as f a r as t a k i n g off besides cloaks the very dresses of w o m e n , a n d where they c o u l d handle it, t a k i n g also the clothes a n d overcoats off men. . . . " N o w , y o u can see that a l l t h e i r practices a i m e d to i n v i t e people to do acts of that k i n d s h o w i n g intense h a t r e d — I w i s h I c o u l d t h i n k of another w o r d , it is m o r e t h a n h a t r e d — de t e s t a t i o n — against people that they t h o u g h t were a little h i g h e r up. N o w , remember, as I pointed out in the first place this hatred is against a g o o d m a n y of these people in the cities, 106

T H E PROTOCOLS and people l i k e the peasants w h o h a d l a n d , w h o belonged to the proletariat. B u t because they d i d not agree, they call them bourgeoisie. Y o u can see that they are fighting parts of the very class f o r w h o m they say they are t r y i n g to establish a d i c t a t o r s h i p . T h e y are not t r y i n g to put the proletariat in p o w e r , but the most d e m o r a l i z e d elements of that class, w h i c h repre sents, gentlemen, a v e r y s m a l l per cent. " N o w , this class h a t r e d is a matter we have got to consider, I t h i n k , w i t h a great deal of interest a n d a great deal of seri ousness, because it is the basis of their i n t e r n a t i o n a l m o v e ment." 1

(e)

Autocracy

Government

T h e P r o t o c o l s call f o r a w o r l d autocracy and state that liberalism in g o v e r n m e n t is a source of weakness w h i c h s h o u l d be encouraged by the J e w s o n l y f o r the t e m p o r a r y object of d e s t r o y i n g C h r i s t i a n states w i t h the ultimate purpose of es t a b l i s h i n g a J e w i s h despotism over the whole w o r l d . " O n l y a n autocrat can outline great and clear plans w h i c h allocate in an o r d e r l y m a n n e r a l l the parts of the m e c h a n i s m of the g o v e r n m e n t m a c h i n e r y . " On the other h a n d , the P r o t o c o l s state as f o l l o w s : " I n all parts o f the w o r l d the w o r d s ' L i b e r t y , E q u a l i t y , a n d F r a t e r n i t y ' have b r o u g h t w h o l e legions into o u r r a n k s t h r o u g h o u r b l i n d agents, c a r r y i n g o u r banners w i t h delight. M e a n w h i l e these w o r d s were w o r m s w h i c h r u i n e d the p r o s p e r i t y of the G o y s , e v e r y w h e r e d e s t r o y i n g peace, quiet, and s o l i d a r i t y , u n d e r m i n i n g a l l the foundations of their states." A m b a s s a d o r F r a n c i s , w h e n asked b y S e n a t o r K i n g w h e t h e r L e n i n and T r o t z k y and those w h o are i n c o n t r o l o f the B o l shevik g o v e r n m e n t w e r e there as the result of a g e n e r a l elec t i o n , testified: 2

M R . FRANCIS. SENATOR KING.

" N o , no. "By

T h e y are there as u s u r p e r s . "

force and t e r r o r ? "

M R . F R A N C I S . " I do not t h i n k they represent m o r e than ten per cent of the R u s s i a n s . " SENATOR

OVERMAN.

M R . FRANCIS.

"Of

the

whole

180,000,000?"

" O f the w h o l e 180,000,000."

M r . R o g e r E . S i m m o n s also describes the B o l s h e v i k g o v ernment as it existed w h e n he left R u s s i a in N o v e m b e r , 1918, as f o l l o w s : 1 2

Senate R e p o r t , " B o l s h e v i k P r o p a g a n d a , " p. 301. Senate R e p o r t , " B o l s h e v i k P r o p a g a n d a , " p. 946.

107

T H E PROTOCOLS " T h e Soviet government, composed solely o f B o l s h e v i k s , of a p o r t i o n o n l y of the ' m a n u a l p r o l e t a r i a t ' is a g o v e r n m e n t in name o n l y . R i g h t l y stated, it is a w e l l - o r g a n i z e d i n s t i t u t i o n f u n c t i o n i n g to f u r t h e r the social r e v o l u t i o n , the o v e r t h r o w of a l l recognized standards of m o r a l i t y a n d c i v i l i z a t i o n . " 1

T h a t g r a d u a l despotism s h o w n by the testimony of these witnesses to exist in 1918 has tended to become m o r e a n d m o r e complete is s h o w n by evidence of a recent date. The B r i t i s h W h i t e Book, " R u s s i a N o . 1 (1919), Collection of R e p o r t s on B o l s h e v i s m in R u s s i a , " contains a report of a M r . C . w h o was f o r m e r l y connected w i t h a c o m m e r c i a l c o m pany w h i c h had a b r a n c h in M o s c o w . T h i s document bears the date of J a n u a r y 21, 1919. A m o n g other i n f o r m a t i o n therein contained is the f o l l o w i n g : " A l l factories n a t i o n a l i z e d ; o n l y about h a l f o f t h e m w o r k i n g . M e n a l l a n t i - B o l s h e v i k . V e r y discontented w i t h c o n d i tions of l i f e , a n d w i t h the w o r k i n g of the factories. Condi tions g e t t i n g w o r s e and worse every day. A great m a n y of the m e n have gone to the c o u n t r y , as it is p r a c t i c a l l y impossible t o live i n the towns. . . . I n P e t r o g r a d more attempts t o s t r i k e t h a n i n M o s c o w ; this i s because i n M o s c o w the w o r k m e n are m o r e u n d e r the p o w e r of the government, a n d they do not dare to strike. E v e n if they d i d there is n o t h i n g to g a i n by it, f o r the g o v e r n m e n t w o u l d s i m p l y stop their wages, discharge a g o o d m a n y , and p r o b a b l y cancel their bread c a r d s . " As recently as in the f a l l of 1919 conditions in the factories w e r e reported to be intolerable. T h e Soviet officials have g o n e far b e y o n d that part o f the p r o g r a m o f K a r l M a r x i n h i s " C o m m u n i s t M a n i f e s t o , " w h i c h prescribes " E q u a l l i a b i l i t y o f a l l t o labor. E s t a b l i s h m e n t o f i n d u s t r i a l armies, especially for agriculture." T h e Soviet government's C o d e o f L a b o r L a w s , translated into E n g l i s h and p u b l i s h e d i n N e w Y o r k in Soviet Russia, the o r g a n of the R u s s i a n Soviet B u r e a u , in its issue of F e b r u a r y 21, 1920, imposes c o m p u l s o r y labor u p o n e v e r y one, male or female, between the ages of sixteen a n d s i x t y , unless p h y s i c a l l y disqualified, and enforces i r o n d i s c i p l i n e of the most t y r a n n i c a l nature. M o r e o v e r , the N e w Y o r k World o f F r i d a y , A p r i l 9 , 1920, published a n article entitled " M o b i l i z e R u s s i a n L a b o r , " i n w h i c h it was stated that T r o t z k y , a d d r e s s i n g the n i n t h conven t i o n o f the C o m m u n i s t P a r t y a t M o s c o w o n M a r c h 27, 1920, 1

Senate R e p o r t , " B o l s h e v i k P r o p a g a n d a , " p. 299.

108

T H E PROTOCOLS directed his address chiefly to defining the relation between the m o b i l i z a t i o n of i n d u s t r y to the i n d u s t r i a l r e h a b i l i t a t i o n of Russia, and stated: " M o b i l i z a t i o n is m o r e necessary n o w t h a n it was f o r m e r l y , because we have to deal w i t h the peasant p o p u l a t i o n a n d masses of u n s k i l l e d labor w h i c h cannot be u t i l i z e d to the f u l l est extent by a n y other means than m i l i t a r y d i s c i p l i n e . T r a d e s unions are capable of o r g a n i z i n g great masses of qualified w o r k e r s , but 30 per cent of the people cannot be reached by this means." A n elaborate system a m o n g the w o r k m e n h a d been g r a d u a l l y established a n d at present the c o m m u n i s t spy r e p o r t i n g directly to the Soviets has almost mediaeval p o w e r s of execut i n g a m a n m e r e l y f o r the reason that he is opposed to the t y r a n n y of the Soviets. M o r e o v e r , by the w e a p o n of s t a r v a t i o n , the w o r k m a n is compelled to w o r k more h o u r s than u n d e r any p r e c e d i n g f o r m o f g o v e r n m e n t . T h e v e r y r i g h t t o strike is entirely denied the w o r k m e n . E v e r y strike is called sabotage against the S o v i e t s a n d every act of sabotage is forbidden u n d e r p a i n of capital punishment. Supplementary Decree N o . 27 deals specifically w i t h incitements to strike. P e r s o n s v i o l a t i n g s u c h decree are b r o u g h t before the E x t r a o r dinary Committees to Combat Counter-revolution. T h i s situation s t r i k i n g l y recalls a passage in the P r o t o c o l s where it is s t a t e d : " C i v i l i z a t i o n cannot exist w i t h o u t absolute despotism, f o r g o v e r n m e n t is c a r r i e d on not by the masses, but by t h e i r leader w h o e v e r he m a y be." I s T r o t z k y this l e a d e r ? I m m e d i a t e l y before h i s departure f r o m the U n i t e d States f o r R u s s i a i n o r d e r t o j o i n his brethren w h o were engaged in the destruction of the R u s s i a n state, T r o t z k y made the following boast: "I rule

stand forth Russia."

the

world's greatest internationalist.

I shall

T h e n he made this appeal to the a u d i e n c e : " O n w i t h o u r w o r l d c i v i l w a r ! O n w i t h the w o r l d r e v o l u tion! D o w n w i t h the g o v e r n m e n t s ! " U n f o r t u n a t e l y , the w i s e step taken b y the B r i t i s h G o v e r n ment i n a r r e s t i n g T r o t z k y a t H a l i f a x w h i l e o n his w a y t o R u s s i a was c o u n t e r m a n d e d , a n d L i e u t . - C o l o n e l J . B . M a c l e a n , p r o p r i e t o r of Maclean's Magazine, p u b l i s h e d at T o r o n t o , in 109

T H E PROTOCOLS a n article entitled " W h y D i d W e L e t T r o t z k y G o ? " , p r i n t e d i n the issue o f J u n e , 1919 ( V o l . X X X I I , N o . 6 ) , r e f e r r i n g t o v a r i o u s e x p l a n a t i o n s f o r his release, says, " F i n a l l y i t i s said it was done at the request of the B r i t i s h E m b a s s y at W a s h i n g Â t o n o v e r the head o f the B r i t i s h a n d A m e r i c a n Intelligence D e p a r t m e n t ; a n d that the E m b a s s y acted on the request of the U . S . State D e p a r t m e n t , w h o w e r e a c t i n g f o r some one else."

110

T H E PROTOCOLS

II.

PARALLELISM AND

BETWEEN

JEWISH

THE

PROTOCOLS

WRITINGS

T h e r e are m a n y passages in the w r i t i n g s a n d speeches of w e l l - k n o w n J e w i s h leaders at v a r i o u s times d u r i n g the last h u n d r e d years w h i c h show a r e m a r k a b l e p a r a l l e l i s m w i t h some of the i m p o r t a n t ideas set f o r t h in the P r o t o c o l s . The fol l o w i n g instances may be cited as a result of a search w h i c h is by no means e x h a u s t i v e . In each case we cite a passage taken v e r b a t i m f r o m the P r o t o c o l s , f o l l o w e d u n d e r the title o f " S u b s t a n t i a t i o n s " b y p a r a l l e l quotations f r o m w e l l - k n o w n Jews. 1.

E X T R A C T S F R O M PROTOCOLS

(a) " T h e prophets have told us that we were chosen by G o d himself to reign over the world. G o d endowed us with genius to enable us to cope with the problem." (Protocol No. V . ) (b) " G o d has given us, his chosen people, the power to scatter, and what to all appears to be our weakness has proved to be our strength, and has now brought us to the threshold of universal rule." (Protocol N o . XI.) (c) " W h e n the K i n g of Israel places the crown on his sacred head, offered h i m by Europe, he will be the Patriarch of the W o r l d . " (Protocol N o . X V . ) Substantiations (a) " T h e m e n of a l l nations shall be subject to I s r a e l , but those w h o have r u l e d over y o u shall be destroyed w i t h the sword." (Apocalypse of Baruch (LXXII), a well-known Jewish work of the first century A . D . ) (b) " O u r task is great a n d holy and its success is g u a r a n teed. C a t h o l i c i s m , o u r greatest foe, lay w o u n d e d in its b r a i n s . T h e net w h i c h is b e i n g spread by Israel all o v e r the surface of the earth w i l l spread day by day, and the g l o r i o u s prophecies of o u r h o l y r i g h t s w i l l be finally realized. T h e time is ap p r o a c h i n g w h e n J e r u s a l e m w i l l become the home o f w o r s h i p 111

T H E PROTOCOLS of all peoples and the banner of the J e w i s h m o n o t h e i s m w i l l be flying on the most distant coast. O u r strength is e n o r m o u s , we must learn h o w to apply it in practice. W h a t have we to be a f r a i d o f ? T h e day is a p p r o a c h i n g w h e n a l l the w e a l t h of the w o r l d w i l l become the p r o p e r t y of the Sons of I s r a e l . " (Isaac-Adolphe Crémieux, founder of the Alliance Israélite Universelle, quoted by Serge Nilus, in a footnote which appears on page 172 in 1917 edition of his book, "It is near! At the door!" A reference to the same document of the Alliance Israélite Universelle can be found in issue No. 24, December 15, 1909, of the Arabic paper "Al Kalemat" ("The World"), which was published in New York. See article entitled, "A Chapter Concerning Moral Discussions. Concerning the Destroyers of the Foundation of the Christian Faith," pp. 461-464.) (c) " I t has a l w a y s been a u n i q u e feature of J u d a i s m that its traits of p a r t i c u l a r i s m — essential to its self-preservation — have been blended w i t h the highest aspirations of univer salism." (Paul Goodman, "Zionism and Liberal Judaism," Zionist Review, Nov. 1917.) (d) " W h e n we read in the B o o k of Isaiah that the prophet of the e x i l e declared that the J e w s were G o d ' s witnesses, chosen f o r a r e l i g i o u s purpose and c h a r g e d w i t h a r e l i g i o u s m i s s i o n , we believe that he was s p e a k i n g w o r d s w h i c h were inspired by G o d . " (Cl. G. Montefiore, "Outlines of Liberal Judaism," p. 166. London: Macmillan and Co., Limited. 1912.) (e) " T h e J e w s energetically reject the idea of fusion w i t h the other nationalities a n d c l i n g firmly to their h i s t o r i c a l hope, i.e., of w o r l d e m p i r e . " (From speech of Dr. Mandelstam, Professor in the University of Kiev, Russia, delivered at the Basel Zionist Congress of 1898. See H. S. Chamberlain's "The Foundations of the Nineteenth Century," Vol. I, p. 335. London: John Lane. 1913.) (f) " T h e J e w w i l l never be able to assimilate h i m s e l f ; he w i l l never adopt the customs and ways of other peoples. The J e w remains a J e w u n d e r a l l circumstances. E v e r y a s s i m i l a t i o n is p u r e l y e x t e r i o r . " (From speech of Rabbi Dr. Leopold Kahn on Zionism, delivered in July, 1901, in the orthodox Jewish school in Pressburg, Idem.) (g) " T h e g o v e r n m e n t s o f a l l countries, scourged b y a n t i S e m i t i s m , w i l l serve their o w n interests in assisting us to ob t a i n the sovereignty we w a n t . " (Theo. Hertzl, "The Jewish State," p. 11. Published by the Federation of American Zionists, New York, 1917.) (h) "Christianity itself seems to J e w s only a stage in the 112

T H E PROTOCOLS p r e p a r a t i o n of the w o r l d f o r a purified, developed and u n i v e r Â salized J u d a i s m . " (Cl. G. Montefiore, "Outlines of Liberal Judaism," p. 163. London. 1912.) (i) " L i b e r a l J u d a i s m has h i g h e r ambitions f o r the J e w i s h people. A b o v e a l l , it seeks to preserve the Jewish religion in f u l l beauty a n d p o w e r , a n d to extend its workings to a sphere co-extensive with the universe of men." (Rabbi Mattuck, quoted by Paul Goodman in his article on "Zionism and Liberal Judaism," in the Zionist Review, November, 1911. Reprinted by Petty & Sons, Ltd., Whitehall Printeries, Leeds, pp. 2 and 3.) (j) " I t is not g i v e n to every one to understand that w h i c h is not yet finished. . . . Y e s ! T h e l i k e l i h o o d of r e a l i z i n g o u r demands a n d proposals g r o w s w i t h o u r numbers a n d w i t h the increase in o u r s t r e n g t h . F o r the present we have reason to be satisfied w i t h the spirit in w h i c h o u r aspirations were r e g a r d e d by the m i g h t y ones of the earth. Do not demand more than this intimation from your Action Committee. In this respect you must have implicit confidence in it. You may freely question it regarding all other matters." (Theo. Hertzl, "Congress Addresses," delivered at London, August 13, 1900, at the Zionist Congress. Published by the Federation of American Zionists, New York, 1917.) (k) " L e t the sovereignty be g r a n t e d us over a p o r t i o n of the globe large e n o u g h to satisfy the reasonable requirements of the n a t i o n : the rest we shall manage for ourselves." (Theo. Hertzl, "The Jewish State," p. 11.) 1

E X T R A C T S FROM PROTOCOLS

(a) " W e must follow a program of violence and hypocrisy, not only for the sake of profit, but also as a duty and for the sake of victory." (Protocol N o . I.) (b) " W h e n we finally become rulers . . . we w i l l see to it that no plots are hatched against us. To effect this we will kill heartlessly all who take up arms against the establishment of our rule." (Protocol N o . X V . ) Substantiations (a) " O u r people w h o are r e c e i v i n g the the Society w i l l also t h a n k f u l l y accept the offers them. S h o u l d they, however, show they w i l l be p r o m p t l y c r u s h e d . " (Theo. State," p. 38.)

new country from new constitution it signs of r e b e l l i o n , Hertzl, "The Jewish

A l l italics i n P a r t T w o o f this book are o u r o w n unless otherwise stated. 1

113

T H E PROTOCOLS (b) " T h e interests of the r e v o l u t i o n require the physical a n n i h i l a t i o n of the bourgeois class. It is t i m e f o r us to start." (Red Gazette, A u g . 31, 1918, N o . 159. P u b l i s h e d by the Pet r o g r a d Soviet of the W o r k m e n s ' & S o l d i e r s ' D e p u t i e s , presided over by the J e w , A p f e l b a u m — Z i n o v i e v . ) (c) " B l o o d and mercilessness must be o u r slogans." (Leon T r o t z k y , International C o m m u n i s t C o n g r e s s , M o s c o w , M a r c h , 1919. Q u o t e d , New York Evening Sun, M a r c h 18, 1919.) 3.

EXTRACTS

FROM

PROTOCOLS

(a) " W e will also artfully and deeply undermine the sources of production by teaching the workmen A n a r c h y and the use of alcohol, at the same time taking measures to expel all the intelligent Goys from the land. " T h a t the true situation should not be noticed by the Goys until the proper time, we will mask it by a pretended desire to help the working classes and great economic principles, an active propaganda of which principles is being carried on through the dissemination of our economic theories." (Protocol V I . ) (b) " W e will present ourselves in the guise of saviors of the workers from this oppression, when we suggest that they enter our army of Socialists, Anarchists, Communists, to w h o m we always extend our help under the guise of the rule of brotherhood demanded by the human solidarity of our social masonry." (Protocol III.) Substantiations (a) " W h e n the J e w gives his thought, his devotion, to the cause of the w o r k e r s a n d of the dispossessed, of the d i s i n h e r ited of the w o r l d , the radical quality w i t h i n h i m there, too, goes to the roots of t h i n g s , a n d in G e r m a n y he becomes a M a r x and a L a s s a l l e , a H a a s a n d an E d w a r d B e r n s t e i n ; in A u s t r i a he becomes a V i c t o r A d l e r a n d a F r i e d r i c h A d l e r ; in R u s s i a , a Trotzky. J u s t take f o r a moment the present situation in R u s s i a and in G e r m a n y . T h e r e v o l u t i o n set creative forces free, a n d see what a large company of Jews was available f o r immediate service. Socialist R e v o l u t i o n a r i e s a n d M e n s h e v i k i , and B o l s h e v i k i , M a j o r i t y and M i n o r i t y Socialists — whatever they be c a l l e d . . . Jews are to be found among the trusted leaders and the routine workers of all those revolutionary parties." (Rabbi J. L. Magnes in his address delivered at the opening session of the first Jewish Labor Congress, January 16, 1919, New York City. See the Jewish Forum, February, 1919, p. 722.) (b) " T h e J e w , therefore, does take an active part in revo114

T H E PROTOCOLS l u t i o n s ; a n d he participates in them in so f a r as he is a J e w , or more correctly in so far as he remains Jewish." (Bernard Lazare, "Anti-Semitism: Its History and Causes" p. 312. Published by International Library Publishing Co., New York, 1903.) (c) " W e must not, h o w e v e r , leave these problems ( s o c i a l ) and this r e f o r m ( s o c i a l ) outside o f o u r J e w i s h t h o u g h t , o u r J e w i s h activities. We must not let t h e m be taken by active C h r i s t i a n s and stamped as specifically C h r i s t i a n . (Rabbi Montefiore, "Outlines of Liberal Judaism," pp. 266 and 267. London, 1912.) (d) "Das Folk, a J e w i s h p e r i o d i c a l p u b l i s h e d in A m e r i c a , writes in 1905: " ' O n e cannot blame us that people w i t h different mentalities and views as Social Democrats, Anarchists, a n d so o n , are filled w i t h o u r socialist t e r r i t o r i a l ideas, a n d enter in o u r ranks in order to struggle f o r a better f u t u r e of the J e w i s h people. On the c o n t r a r y , it shows that l i f e itself has r a i s e d o u r ideal a n d drives a l l u n d e r o u r banner.' " (The Jewish Life, March, 1906, p. 173. Jewish newspaper published in Russian, found in New York Public Library.) (e) T h e f o l l o w i n g quotation is an estimate by B e r n a r d L a z a r e , J e w i s h w r i t e r , of the part w h i c h was and is p l a y e d by the J e w s in the r e v o l u t i o n a r y movement t h r o u g h o u t the world: " T h e i r [i.e., the J e w s ' ] c o n t r i b u t i o n to present-day S o c i a l i s m was, as is w e l l k n o w n , a n d s t i l l is, very great. T h e J e w s , it may be said, are situated at the poles of c o n t e m p o r a r y soci ety. T h e y are f o u n d a m o n g the representatives of i n d u s t r i a l and financial c a p i t a l i s m , a n d a m o n g those w h o have vehe mently protested against c a p i t a l . R o t h s c h i l d is the antithesis o f M a r x a n d L a s s a l l e ; the struggle f o r money f i n d s its counter part in the s t r u g g l e against money, and the w o r l d - w i d e outlook of the stock-speculator finds its a n s w e r in the i n t e r n a t i o n a l p r o l e t a r i a n a n d r e v o l u t i o n a r y movement. I t was M a r x w h o gave the first i m p u l s e to the f o u n d i n g of the Internationale t h r o u g h the m a n i f e s t o of 1847, d r a w n up by h i m s e l f a n d En gels. N o t that it c a n be said that he ' f o u n d e d ' the I n t e r n a tionale, as is m a i n t a i n e d by those w h o persist in r e g a r d i n g the Internationale as a secret society c o n t r o l l e d by the J e w s . M a n y causes led to the o r g a n i z a t i o n of the Internationale, but f r o m M a r x proceeded the idea o f a L a b o r C o n g r e s s , w h i c h was held at L o n d o n in 1864, and resulted in the f o u n d i n g of that society. T h e J e w s constituted a v e r y l a r g e p r o p o r t i o n of its members, a n d in the G e n e r a l C o u n c i l of the society, we f i n d K a r l M a r x , Secretary f o r G e r m a n y a n d R u s s i a , a n d James C o h e n , Secretary f o r D e n m a r k . M a n y o f the J e w i s h members of the Internationale took part subsequently in the C o m m u n e , 115

T H E PROTOCOLS where they f o u n d others of their f a i t h . In the o r g a n i z a t i o n of the socialist p a r t y , the J e w s participated to the greatest ex tent. M a r x a n d L a s s a l l e i n G e r m a n y , A a r o n L i b e r m a n n a n d A d l e r i n A u s t r i a , D o b r o j a n G h e r e a i n R o u m a n i a , are, o r were at one time, its creators a n d its leaders. T h e J e w s of R u s s i a deserve special notice i n this brief résumé. Y o u n g Jewish students, scarcely escaped f r o m the Ghetto, have p l a y e d an i m portant part i n the N i h i l i s t i c p r o p a g a n d a ; some, a m o n g t h e m w o m e n , have g i v e n up their lives f o r the cause of L i b e r a t i o n , and to these y o u n g J e w i s h physicians and lawyers, we must add the large n u m b e r of e x i l e d w o r k i n g m e n w h o have f o u n d e d i n L o n d o n a n d N e w Y o r k i m p o r t a n t labor societies, w h i c h serve as centers of socialistic and even of anarchistic propaganda." (Bernard Lazare, "Anti-Semitism," pp. 312, 313, and 314.) (f) " W h e n we s i n k , we become a r e v o l u t i o n a r y p r o l e t a r i a t , the subordinate officers of the r e v o l u t i o n a r y p a r t y ; w h e n we rise, there rises also o u r terrible p o w e r of the p u r s e . " (Theo. Hertzl, "The Jewish State," p. 10.) (g) " T h u s it w o u l d seem as if the grievance of the a n t i S e m i t e were w e l l f o u n d e d ; the J e w i s h spirit is essentially a r e v o l u t i o n a r y s p i r i t , and consciously or otherwise, the Jew is a revolutionist." (Bernard Lazare, "Anti-Semitism," p. 298.) 4.

EXTRACT

FROM

PROTOCOLS

" A t present as an international force we are invulnerable." (Protocol III.) Substantiations (a) " N o t h i n g effectual can really be done to o u r i n j u r y . " (Theo. Hertzl, "The Jewish State" p. 9.) (b) " T h e v e r y i m p o s s i b i l i t y of g e t t i n g at the J e w s n o u r ishes and embitters h a t r e d of t h e m . " (Theo. Hertzl, "The Jewish State" p. 10.) (c) " I t is of course possible to get at shares a n d debentures i n r a i l w a y s , banks a n d i n d u s t r i a l concerns o f a l l descriptions, by t a x a t i o n , a n d w h e r e the progressive income t a x is in force, a l l o u r realized p r o p e r t y can eventually b e l a i d h o l d of. B u t a l l these efforts cannot be directed against J e w s alone, a n d w h e r e they have nevertheless been made, severe economic crises w i t h f a r - r e a c h i n g effects have been their i m m e d i a t e consequences." (Theo. Hertzl, "The Jewish State," p. 10.) (d) "A distracted a n d d i v i d e d people have been so w e l l i n structed in t h o u g h t that the u n i t y of Israel is greater t h a n a l l the d i f f e r i n g r e l i g i o n s , social, economic and p o l i t i c a l views of the i n d i v i d u a l s w h o make up a nation, that the R a b b i s of E a s t 116

T H E PROTOCOLS e r n E u r o p e have entered i n f u l l force into the v a n g u a r d o f the movement." (Jacob de Haas. See his preface to Hertzl's "The Jewish State," p. 8.) (e) " . . . There is such a thing as a Kol ( A l l ) Israel policy to be pursued by all Jews together, regardless of their political, their economic, their spiritual outlook." (Rabbi Judas L. Magnes, Speech delivered at the Jewish Labor Congress, Jan. 16, 1919, at Yorkville Casino, New York City; quoted in the Jewish Forum, February, 1919, p. 720.) (f) " T h e J e w i s h people, t r a d i t i o n a l l y a n d t h r o u g h its e x perience, k n o w s the m e a n i n g of i n t e r n a t i o n a l i s m , a n d it m u s t a p p l y the method of i n t e r n a t i o n a l i s m to its o w n n a t i o n a l l i f e as w e l l , s h a r i n g the destiny of every people, free a n d op pressed, in f r e e i n g the w o r l d in o r d e r that it itself m a y be freed." (Rabbi Judas L. Magnes, Ibid., p. 721.) (g) "But, in o r d e r that the J e w i s h people m a y do its w o r k in the w o r l d , it must be o r g a n i z e d — organized for its specific purposes as w e l l as f o r p a r t i c i p a t i o n in a l l of the c u l t u r a l a n d s p i r i t u a l movements o f h u m a n i t y . " (Rabbi Judas L. Magnes, Ibid., p. 724.) (h) "Here we are, just Jews and nothing else, a nation among nations. Take it or leave it." (From speech of Dr. Weizman, delivered in Manchester, England, Dec. 9, 1917, partially quoted in a pamphlet entitled "Great Britain, Palestine and the Jews," p. 73. Published by Geo. H. Doran Co., New York.) (i) "Our u n i o n is not a F r e n c h one, nor E n g l i s h , n o r S w i s s , nor German. N a y , our union is Jewish and it is universal. T h e other peoples are split into nationalities. W e , however, are the o n l y ones w h o have no co-citizens, but e x c l u s i v e l y co r e l i g i o n i s t s . T h e J e w w i l l not sooner become the f r i e n d o f a C h r i s t i a n or a M o h a m m e d a n than at the time w h e n the l i g h t of the J e w i s h faith — the o n l y r e l i g i o n of reason — w i l l spread t h r o u g h o u t the w o r l d . Scattered a m o n g peoples w h o are hos tile to o u r r i g h t s , to o u r interests, we w i s h above all to be a n d a l w a y s t o r e m a i n J e w s . O u r n a t i o n a l i t y i s the r e l i g i o n o f o u r fathers and w e d o not recognize any other. L i v i n g i n lands of dispersion we cannot be concerned about the c h a n g i n g a i m s of those lands w h i c h are strange to us u n t i l the t i m e w h e n o u r o w n aims both m o r a l a n d m a t e r i a l are i n danger. T h e J e w i s h teachings must spread a l l over the w o r l d . S o n s of I s r a e l ! h o w e v e r m u c h the f a i t h w o u l d disperse y o u a l l over the earth, a l w a y s consider yourselves as members of a chosen people. If y o u realize a n d if y o u u n d e r s t a n d that the f a i t h of o u r ances tors is o u r sole p a t r i o t i s m , if you realize that in spite of your cover nationalities you form only one and the same people, if y o u believe that o n l y J u d a i s m constitutes the r e l i g i o u s a n d 117

T H E PROTOCOLS p o l i t i c a l t r u t h , i f y o u are c o n v i n c e d i n the above, y o u u n i v e r s a l sons of Israel, y o u w i l l come to us, y o u w i l l listen to o u r appeal a n d y o u w i l l p r o v e that y o u accept i t . " ( I n 1860, Isaac A d o l p h e C r é m i e u x , the w e l l - k n o w n J e w i s h leader i n F r a n c e , f o u n d e d the U n i v e r s a l J e w i s h A l l i a n c e ( A l l i a n c e Israélite U n i v e r s e l l e ) . O n this occasion h e issued a c i r c u l a r appeal to the J e w i s h o r g a n i z a t i o n s t h r o u g h o u t the world. T h e above q u o t a t i o n is f r o m this c i r c u l a r appeal. Q u o t e d b y A . S h m a k o f f . " J e w i s h Speeches," p . 131.) (j) " I t is o u r o p i n i o n that the J e w i s h question can be solved only by the Jews themselves. . . . We no longer want to wear the mask of any other nationality." (Theo. Hertzl, in Congress Addresses delivered at Basle, December 26, 1901, p. 28. Published by the Federation of American Zionists, 1917, New York.) (k) " F u r t h e r m o r e , it is w e l l understood in G e r m a n y a n d in A u s t r i a that the J e w s of R u s s i a have never h a d real c i t i z e n ship in R u s s i a , a n d a l t h o u g h a J e w m a y have been b o r n in R u s s i a , that does not necessarily i m p l y that he has been a c i t i zen of R u s s i a . R e a l i z i n g that, and f o r other apparent reasons, the G e r m a n and A u s t r i a n G o v e r n m e n t s are m a k i n g every effort to secure the cooperation and g o o d - w i l l of the large J e w ish p o p u l a t i o n , n o w u n d e r their c o n t r o l . " (Rabbi Judas L. Magnes. See his letter to Mr. Byrlavski, June, 1916. Published in the Report of the Commission of the American Jewish Relief Fund. New York City, March, 1917.) ( l ) " L e t u s forget whence w e s p r i n g . N o more talk o f ' G e r m a n ' or of ' P o r t u g u e s e ' Jews. T h o u g h scattered over the earth we are nevertheless a single people." (Rabbi Salomon Lipmann-Cerfberr in his opening speech delivered on July 26, 1806, at the meeting preparatory to the Synedrion. Quoted by H. S. Chamberlain in his "Foundations of the Nineteenth Century," Vol. I, p. 329.) (m) "Israel is a nationality. We are b o r n J e w s , 'natu' be cause we are b o r n J e w s . A c h i l d b o r n f r o m J e w i s h parents is J e w i s h . T h e v e r y b i r t h casts on h i m a l l the duties of an I s r a e l ite. It is not t h r o u g h c i r c u m c i s i o n that we obtain o u r Israelan q u a l i t y . N a y , c i r c u m c i s i o n is in no w a y analogous to C h r i s t i a n baptism. We are not Israelites because we are c i r c u m c i s e d , but, on the c o n t r a r y , we c i r c u m c i s e o u r c h i l d r e n because we are Israelites. W e acquire the J e w i s h character t h r o u g h o u r b i r t h , a n d we can never lose it nor get r i d of it. Even if a Jew denies his religion, even if he is baptized, he does not cease to be an Israelite. A l l Israelite duties continue to r e m a i n with him." (Archives Israélites, 1864. Quotation from Ed. Drumont, "La France Juive," Vol. I, p. 14, 12th ed. Paris: C. Marpont E. Flammarion.) 118

T H E PROTOCOLS 5.

EXTRACTS

FROM

PROTOCOLS

(a) " T h e economic crises were created by us for the Goys only by the withdrawal of money from circulation." (Protocol X X . ) (b) " W e hold in our hands the greatest modern power — G o l d . " (Protocol X X I I . ) Substantiations (a) " T h e f i r s t official v i o l a t i o n o f J e w i s h liberties i n v a r i ably b r i n g s about an economic crisis. T h e r e f o r e , no weapons can be effectually used against us, because these cut the hands that w i e l d t h e m . " (Theo. Hertzl, "The Jewish State," p. 43.) (b) " W h e n we rise, there rises also o u r terrible p o w e r of the purse." (Theo. Hertzl, "The Jewish State," p. 10.) (c) " T h e day is a p p r o a c h i n g w h e n a l l the wealth of the w o r l d w i l l become the p r o p e r t y of the Sons of I s r a e l . " (Isaac Adolphe Crémieux, quoted by A. Shmakoff, "Jewish Speeches," p. 131.) (d) " T h e G o v e r n m e n t o f Palestine ( i n the hands o f J e w s ) , composed of men of wisdom a n d of intellectuals will guide the economic m o v e m e n t not o n l y of the O r i e n t a n d of A n a t o l i a , but probably also of the whole world." (The Inkilab, a Jewish paper published in Constantinople. Quoted in La Vieille France, No. 108, February 13, 1919, p. 21.) 6.

EXTRACT

FROM

PROTOCOL

" A t present, if any of the governments raises a protest against us, it is done only as a matter of form and at our desire and by our order, because their anti-Semitism is necessary to us to govern our smaller brothers." (Protocol I X . ) Substantiations (a) " T h e g o v e r n m e n t s o f a l l countries, s c o u r g e d b y a n t i S e m i t i s m , w i l l serve t h e i r o w n interests in a s s i s t i n g us to ob t a i n the sovereignty we w a n t . " (Theo. Hertzl, "The Jewish State," p. 11.) (b) " D i s a s t e r b i n d s us together, a n d , thus u n i t e d , we s u d denly discover o u r strength. Y e s , w e are s t r o n g e n o u g h t o f o r m a State, and a m o d e l State." (Theo. Hertzl, "The Jewish State," p. 10.)

119

T H E PROTOCOLS

III.

PARALLELISM AND

CERTAIN JEWS

BETWEEN

THE

ACTIVITIES

OUTSIDE

PROTOCOLS

THE

RUSSIA

T h e r e are a n u m b e r of i m p o r t a n t policies in the P r o t o c o l s w h i c h f i n d a s t r i k i n g p a r a l l e l in certain activities a n d m o v e ments a m o n g J e w s in v a r i o u s parts of the w o r l d outside of R u s s i a . A m o n g these policies o f the P r o t o c o l s a r e : the c o n t r o l of the press f o r p o l i t i c a l purposes, s e c u r i n g i n t e r n a t i o n a l or so-called " m i n o r i t y " r i g h t s for the J e w s , the s t i r r i n g u p o f class hatred a n d social d i s o r d e r , a n d the p r o m o t i o n of r e v o l u tions a n d i n t e r n a t i o n a l i s m . "SECRET

KINGDOM

OF THE

PRESS"

1. T h e boast is made in the P r o t o c o l s that in E u r o p e the press, w i t h u n i m p o r t a n t exceptions, i s u n d e r J e w i s h c o n t r o l . It is indeed true that the J e w i s h influence in the press in m a n y parts o f the w o r l d i s v e r y p o w e r f u l . Just how powerful it is in A m e r i c a it is difficult to state. It is c e r t a i n l y a great and g r o w i n g power in N e w Y o r k City. A Jewish magazine, The American Jewish News, recently pointed w i t h p r i d e to the great n u m b e r o f newspapers i n N e w Y o r k w h i c h are either c o n t r o l l e d b y the J e w s o r i n w h i c h J e w s occupy i m portant strategic positions. I n the article r e f e r r e d to, w h i c h was p u b l i s h e d in the issue of M a r c h 28, 1919, u n d e r the title " M e n W h o M a k e O u r N e w s p a p e r s , " the f o l l o w i n g statement is m a d e : " W h i l e it is an accepted fact that certain of o u r industries to-day are almost entirely directed and supported by J e w i s h m i n d s a n d labor, there are nevertheless just as m a n y w h i c h are not generally conceded to come w i t h i n the same classifica tion w h i c h have at their head m e n of J e w i s h descent. Most i m p o r t a n t a m o n g these latter is the greatest of a l l p u b l i c i n s t i t u t i o n s — the press. " H a r d l y a newspaper of i m p o r t a n c e thrives in this city but it has at its head or in some position of p a r a m o u n t influence a 120

THE

PROTOCOLS

m a n i n whose f i b r e there i s J e w i s h energy. A n d w i t h one e x ception the achievements of these m e n w h o m o u l d a n d inter pret A m e r i c a n p u b l i c o p i n i o n c o u l d p r o v i d e m a t e r i a l f o r books o f incalculable i n s p i r a t i o n . " T h e article proceeds Y o r k w h i c h are o w n e d sketches o f these m e n the article it is stated of a great n u m b e r . "

t o r e f e r t o several large dailies i n N e w or controlled by Jews, with biographical a n d t h e i r subordinates. A t the end o f that the m e n m e n t i o n e d are " b u t a few

T h a t there i s n o t h i n g new i n the J e w i s h p o l i c y o f c o n t r o l l i n g the press is s h o w n by the f o l l o w i n g statement of IsaacA d o l p h e C r é m i e u x , w h o i n 1860 founded the A l l i a n c e Israélite Universelle. " C o n s i d e r the g o v e r n m e n t a l a n d p u b l i c offices L o o k u p o n a l l honors as u p o n nonsense. Do not tention f o r the t i m e b e i n g to m o n e y itself. . . . press! T h r o u g h it e v e r y t h i n g w i l l come to y o u in course of events."

as n o t h i n g . pay any at Capture the the n a t u r a l

T h e complete d i c t a t o r s h i p o v e r the press exercised by the J e w i s h B o l s h e v i s t leaders in S o v i e t R u s s i a is such a generally accepted fact that i t needs n o extended comment. A l l news papers that have attempted i n any w a y t o c r i t i c i z e the B o l shevist g o v e r n m e n t have been ruthlessly suppressed, a n d m a n y w r i t e r s w h o have d a r e d t o c r i t i c i z e T r o t z k y have been executed. T h e p o l i c y of the B o l s h e v i k s is w e l l expressed by one of the S o v i e t officials, N . B u k h a r i n , i n " T h e C o m m u n i s t P r o g r a m , " p u b l i s h e d b y the Soviet p r i n t i n g office, c a l l e d " T h e C o m m u n i s t , " M o s c o w , 1918, C h a p t e r V I I , p p . 2 0 - 2 3 : " T h e C o m m u n i s t ( B o l s h e v i s t ) p a r t y receives f r o m a l l sides accusations a n d even threats l i k e the f o l l o w i n g : ' Y o u close newspapers, y o u arrest people, y o u f o r b i d meetings, y o u t r a m p l e under foot f r e e d o m of speech a n d of the press, y o u reconstruct autocracy, y o u are oppressors a n d m u r d e r e r s . ' It is necessary to discuss in detail this question of the ' l i b e r t i e s ' in a Soviet R e p u b l i c . " A t present the f o l l o w i n g i s clear f o r the w o r k i n g m e n a n d the peasants. T h e C o m m u n i s t party not o n l y does not d e m a n d a n y liberty of the press, of speech, meetings, u n i o n s , etc., f o r Quoted f r o m A. Shmakoff. A d d r e s s i n defense o f T . V e k s h i n a n d others, p. 36. M o s c o w : U n i v e r s i t y P r i n t i n g Office. 1907. 1

121

T H E PROTOCOLS the bourgeois enemies of the people, but, on the c o n t r a r y , it demands that the g o v e r n m e n t s h o u l d be a l w a y s in readiness to close the bourgeois p r e s s ; to disperse the meetings of the ene mies of the people, to f o r b i d them to lie, slander, a n d spread p a n i c ; to c r u s h ruthlessly a l l attempts at a restoration of the bourgeois régime. T h i s is precisely the m e a n i n g of the d i c tatorship of the p r o l e t a r i a t . " "MINORITY

RIGHTS"

THE

LIGHT

THE

PROTOCOLS

2. F r o m a p r a c t i c a l point of v i e w it is of the utmost i m portance to C h r i s t i a n countries to ascertain whether the J e w s are to be treated as citizens w h o enjoy equal r i g h t s a n d equal duties w i t h the rest of the c o m m u n i t y , or whether they are to have, i n a d d i t i o n , special p r i v i l e g e s u n i f o r m i n every c o u n t r y because they are J e w s . T h e A m e r i c a n C o n s t i t u t i o n grants equal r i g h t s t o a l l c i t i zens of the U n i t e d States, w i t h o u t d i s t i n c t i o n as to race or religion. T h e same conception of citizenship p r e v a i l s in a m a j o r i t y of the western E u r o p e a n countries (Great B r i t a i n , N e t h e r l a n d s , F r a n c e , Italy, S w i t z e r l a n d , N o r w a y , and Sweden). D u r i n g the last t w o years, however, the J e w s i n v a r i o u s countries have adopted a peculiar policy, t h r e a t e n i n g the f u n d a m e n t a l p r i n c i p l e s of equal citizenship, by d e m a n d i n g special n a t i o n a l o r m i n o r i t y r i g h t s i n central a n d eastern E u r o p e a n states. D u r i n g the Peace Conference the J e w s m a i n t a i n e d an influential delegation at P a r i s w h i c h insisted that such r i g h t s b e granted t o the J e w s i n P o l a n d , A u s t r i a , R o u m a n i a , J u g o slavia, C z e c h o s l o v a k i a and U k r a i n i a . A special B i l l o f J e w i s h R i g h t s was presented by the J e w i s h delegation to the Peace Conference. T h i s b i l l contained the f o l l o w i n g s t i p u l a t i o n s : "First — N e w guarantees of citizenship f o r those b o r n in the t e r r i t o r i e s affected, or resident therein since A u g u s t , 1909. "Second — A l l citizens to enjoy equal c i v i l , r e l i g i o u s , n a t i o n a l and p o l i t i c a l r i g h t s , w i t h o u t d i s t i n c t i o n of b i r t h , race, nationality or religion. "Third — T h e r i g h t to use the language of any n a t i o n a l m i n o r i t y in business, p r i v a t e intercourse, p u b l i c meetings or the press shall be g u a r a n t e e d ; n o r shall there be any r e s t r i c t i o n of such language in the schools or other institutions, n o r shall the v a l i d i t y of any transaction or document be affected by the use of any l a n g u a g e whatsoever. "Fourth — T h e state shall recognize the several n a t i o n a l 122

T H E PROTOCOLS minorities as c o n s t i t u t i n g distinct autonomous o r g a n i z a t i o n s , h a v i n g the r i g h t to establish, manage a n d c o n t r o l schools a n d religious, educational, charitable a n d social institutions. "Fifth — E a c h national m i n o r i t y shall be allotted its p r o p o r t i o n of state, d e p a r t m e n t a l a n d m u n i c i p a l funds, based on the ratio of its n u m b e r s in the respective areas, as w e l l as in the entire p o p u l a t i o n . "Sixth—Proportional representation of national minorities in elected bodies. "Seventh — T h o s e o b s e r v i n g a n y other day except S u n d a y as Sabbath shall not be r e q u i r e d to p e r f o r m on such days acts they r e g a r d as desecrations, a n d shall be p e r m i t t e d to conduct business on S u n d a y if they so desire. "Eighth — T h e signatories to the treaty, or any m i n o r i t y w h i c h may be affected by f a i l u r e to observe its p r o v i s i o n s , shall be entitled to submit c o m p l a i n t s f o r a d j u d i c a t i o n to the L e a g u e o f N a t i o n s , w h i c h w i l l assume j u r i s d i c t i o n . " (New York Tribune, J u n e 12, 1919.) T h i s B i l l o f R i g h t s was s t r o n g l y endorsed b y the A m e r i c a n J e w i s h Congress held i n P h i l a d e l p h i a i n December, 1918. We quote an article in the N e w Y o r k Tribune of M a y 14, 1919, on this subject: "NATIONS

MUST

"CHAIRMAN

GUARANTEE JEWISH

RACIAL RIGHTS,

DELEGATION

SAYS

PARIS

MACK.

CABLES

S U L T S O F ITS E F F O R T S .

" A c c o r d i n g to a cable received by the Z i o n i s t O r g a n i z a t i o n o f A m e r i c a f r o m its president, J u d g e J u l i a n W . M a c k , w h o i s n o w i n P a r i s , h e a d i n g the A m e r i c a n J e w i s h C o n g r e s s delega t i o n to the peace conference, and c h a i r m a n of the J e w i s h delegations f r o m every part of E u r o p e , the treaty offered to G e r m a n y requires P o l a n d a n d other nations to accept separate provisions guaranteeing rights to racial, religious and linguis tic m i n o r i t i e s w i t h i n t h e i r boundaries. " J u d g e M a c k says the w o r d ' n a t i o n a l ' i s not i n c l u d e d i n the treaty as n o w f o r m u l a t e d , but that a decision on this point is expected in a few days. " H e expresses h i m s e l f as sanguine that the substance of the demands adopted by the A m e r i c a n J e w i s h Congress, h e l d in P h i l a d e l p h i a last D e c e m b e r , w i l l be o b t a i n e d . " M o r e o v e r , the B i l l of R i g h t s was endorsed by most of the recognized J e w i s h o r g a n i z a t i o n s t h r o u g h o u t the w o r l d . " N I N E M I L L I O N J E W S PRESENT BILL OF RIGHTS AT PARIS," is

the title u n d e r w h i c h the u n i v e r s a l support of H e b r e w n a t i o n a l rights w i t h i n the b o u n d a r i e s of other nations was r e c o r d e d by the N e w Y o r k Tribune on J u n e 12, 1919. 123

T H E PROTOCOLS M r . E d w a r d D i l l o n , i n his book " T h e I n s i d e S t o r y o f the Peace C o n f e r e n c e , " r e f e r r i n g to these n a t i o n a l r i g h t s a n d to the support w h i c h was extended to the J e w i s h demands, stated that the A l l i e d p o l i c y was " l o o k e d u p o n a s a n y t h i n g but dis interested." M r . D i l l o n f u r t h e r s a i d : " U n h a p p i l y this c o n v i c t i o n was subsequently strengthened by certain of the measures decreed by the S u p r e m e C o u n c i l be tween A p r i l a n d the close o f the C o n f e r e n c e . T h e m i s g i v i n g s of other delegates t u r n e d u p o n a matter w h i c h at first sight m a y appear so f a r r e m o v e d f r o m any of the p r e s s i n g issues of the twentieth century as to seem w h o l l y i m a g i n a r y . They f e a r e d that a r e l i g i o u s — some w o u l d c a l l it r a c i a l — bias lay at the root of M r . W i l s o n ' s policy. It may seem a m a z i n g to some readers, but it is none the less a fact, that a considerable n u m b e r of delegates believed that the real influences b e h i n d the A n g l o - S a x o n peoples were S e m i t i c . " T h e y c o n f r o n t e d the P r e s i d e n t ' s p r o p o s a l o n the subject o f r e l i g i o u s i n e q u a l i t y , a n d , i n p a r t i c u l a r , the o d d motive a l leged f o r it, w i t h the measures for the protection of m i n o r i t i e s w h i c h he subsequently i m p o s e d on the lesser states, a n d w h i c h h a d f o r t h e i r keynote to satisfy the J e w i s h elements in eastern E u r o p e . A n d they c o n c l u d e d that the sequence of expedients f r a m e d a n d e n f o r c e d i n this direction w e r e i n s p i r e d b y the J e w s , assembled i n P a r i s f o r the purpose o f r e a l i z i n g their c a r e f u l l y t h o u g h t - o u t p r o g r a m , w h i c h they succeeded i n hav i n g substantially executed. H o w e v e r r i g h t o r w r o n g these delegates m a y have been, it w o u l d be a dangerous m i s t a k e to ignore t h e i r v i e w s , seeing that they have since become one of the permanent elements of the situation. T h e f o r m u l a into w h i c h this p o l i c y was t h r o w n b y the members o f the C o n f e r ence, whose countries it affected, and w h o r e g a r d e d it as "fatal to the peace of eastern E u r o p e , was t h i s : ' H e n c e f o r t h the w o r l d w i l l b e g o v e r n e d b y the A n g l o - S a x o n peoples, w h o , i n t u r n , are s w a y e d by t h e i r J e w i s h elements.' " ( P a g e s 496, 497.) M r . D i l l o n emphasizes that the J e w i s h demands f o r special n a t i o n a l p r i v i l e g e s were l a r g e l y fomented by western J e w s , i n c l u d i n g those o f the U n i t e d States. H e even states that a m o n g the m a n y J e w s w h o were present at the P a r i s Peace Conference " t h e largest and most b r i l l i a n t contingent was sent by the U n i t e d States." ( P a g e 12.) A c c o r d i n g to this author, " T h e i r p r i n c i p a l m i s s i o n , w i t h w h i c h every f a i r m i n d e d m a n s y m p a t h i z e d h e a r t i l y , was to secure f o r t h e i r k i n d r e d i n E a s t e r n E u r o p e r i g h t s equal t o those o f the p o p u lations in whose m i d s t they reside. A n d to the c r e d i t of the P o l e s , R u m a n i a n s , a n d R u s s i a n s , w h o were to be c o n s t r a i n e d 124

T H E PROTOCOLS to remove a l l the e x i s t i n g disabilities, they e n f r a n c h i s e d the H e b r e w elements spontaneously. B u t the western J e w s w h o c h a m p i o n e d their eastern brothers, proceeded to d e m a n d a further concession w h i c h m a n y o f their o w n c o - r e l i g i o n i s t s hastened to d i s c l a i m as dangerous — a k i n d of a u t o n o m y w h i c h R o u m a n i a n , P o l i s h a n d R u s s i a n statesmen, a s w e l l as m a n y of their J e w i s h fellow-subjects, r e g a r d e d as tanta mount to the creation of a state w i t h i n a state." ( P a g e 13.) T h e treaties i m p o s e d b y the A l l i e s u p o n P o l a n d , R u m a n i a , C z e c h o - S l o v a k i a , J u g o - S l a v i a a n d Greece g r a n t e d a l l , o r nearly a l l the demands of the J e w s contained in the above " B i l l o f R i g h t s , " w h i l e A u s t r i a and H u n g a r y gave pledges i n their treaties w i t h the A l l i e d a n d A s s o c i a t e d P o w e r s , that they w o u l d protect " m i n o r i t y r i g h t s " i n the same g e n e r a l w a y defined in the treaties w i t h the other five powers. These treaties, a s M r . D i l l o n correctly points out, g o m u c h f u r t h e r than to guarantee to the J e w s r e s i d i n g in these sev eral countries f u l l p o l i t i c a l equality w i t h other citizens, a n d freedom f r o m persecution o r d i s c r i m i n a t i o n o n account o f race o r r e l i g i o n . N o t o n l y d i d the treaties contain such g u a r a n t e e s , — w h i c h , M r . D i l l o n states, the small powers i n ques tion were quite w i l l i n g to g i v e , — but they contained a p r i n c i p l e n e w to i n t e r n a t i o n a l l a w , v i z . that a r a c i a l m i n o r i t y s h o u l d be treated in v a r i o u s relations as a separate entity w i t h i n the State, w i t h separate r i g h t s of its o w n , w h i c h it is p e r m i t t e d t o enforce against the n a t i o n a l g o v e r n m e n t . An illustration of this new p r i n c i p l e is f o u n d in certain articles of the treaty w i t h P o l a n d r e l a t i n g t o educational matters. B y these articles the P o l i s h State is a c t u a l l y compelled to p e r m i t the J e w s , in t o w n s and districts where they constitute " a considerable p r o p o r t i o n " o f the p o p u l a t i o n , t o a d m i n i s t e r p r i m a r y educa tion i n their o w n language i n the J e w i s h schools, s u p p o r t e d by an allocated part of the state funds. T h e articles of the treaty w h i c h create this e x t r a o r d i n a r y " m i n o r i t y r i g h t " are quoted verbatim below. T h e t w o articles must be read to gether and c o m p a r e d w i t h each other to b r i n g out their f u l l meaning. "ARTICLE

" P o l a n d w i l l p r o v i d e i n the p u b l i c educational system i n towns and d i s t r i c t s in w h i c h a considerable p r o p o r t i o n of P o l i s h nationals of other t h a n P o l i s h speech are residents 125

T H E PROTOCOLS adequate facilities f o r e n s u r i n g that in the p r i m a r y schools the i n s t r u c t i o n shall be g i v e n to the c h i l d r e n of such nationals t h r o u g h the m e d i u m o f their o w n language. This provision shall not prevent the P o l i s h G o v e r n m e n t f r o m m a k i n g the t e a c h i n g of the P o l i s h language obligatory in the said schools. " I n towns a n d districts where there is a considerable p r o 足 p o r t i o n o f P o l i s h nationals b e l o n g i n g t o r a c i a l , r e l i g i o u s o r l i n g u i s t i c m i n o r i t i e s , these m i n o r i t i e s shall be assured an equitable share in the enjoyment and a p p l i c a t i o n of the sums w h i c h m a y be p r o v i d e d out of the public funds u n d e r the State, m u n i c i p a l or other budget, f o r educational, r e l i g i o u s or charitable purposes. " T h e p r o v i s i o n o f this article shall apply t o P o l i s h citizens of G e r m a n speech o n l y in that part of P o l a n d w h i c h was G e r m a n t e r r i t o r y on A u g u s t 1, 1914. "ARTICLE

" E d u c a t i o n a l Committees appointed locally by the J e w i s h C o m m i t t e e s of P o l a n d w i l l , subject to the general c o n t r o l of the State, p r o v i d e for the d i s t r i b u t i o n of the p r o p o r t i o n a l share of the p u b l i c funds allocated to the J e w i s h schools in accordance w i t h A r t i c l e 9 , a n d for the o r g a n i z a t i o n a n d m a n 足 agement of these schools. " T h e p r o v i s i o n s of A r t i c l e 9 c o n c e r n i n g the use of l a n 足 guages in schools shall a p p l y to these schools." In some c e n t r a l E u r o p e a n countries the J e w s took p r o m p t advantage of the favorable f e e l i n g created in P a r i s by the J e w i s h leaders t o w a r d s the J e w i s h national demands. Thus, f o r instance, in U k r a i n i a a special m i n i s t r y f o r J e w i s h affairs was established, headed by K r a s n y P i n h o o s , a J e w . Accord足 i n g to i n f o r m a t i o n c o n t a i n e d in an e d i t o r i a l article in the New Witness of A p r i l 11, 1919, the new m i n i s t e r of the J e w s " t o l d a press representative that the J e w s take part in the s p i r i t u a l and social l i f e of the U k r a i n e under conditions of equality w i t h those of the rest of the p o p u l a t i o n , but that in affairs a p p e r t a i n i n g to the J e w i s h c o m m u n i t y they w o u l d g o v e r n themselves." T h e New Witness made a rather peculiar d e d u c t i o n the above statement o f M r . P i n h o o s :

from

" B u t it is a n y h o w a g o o d t h i n g that in one c o u n t r y at least the J e w i s h race s h o u l d be regarded and s h o u l d consent to be 126

T H E PROTOCOLS r e g a r d e d as s o m e t h i n g different and separate. We p r e s u m e that as soon as the J e w i s h State in Palestine is established, M r . P i n h o o s w i l l change his title t o that o f J e w i s h A m b a s s a d o r . M r . P i n h o o s hopes that before l o n g there w i l l b e m a n y other such m i n i s t r i e s established, but w h i l e Isaacs a n d M o n d can g o v e r n E n g l a n d a n d dictate to the Peace C o n f e r e n c e , there is not m u c h hope that they w i l l desire to rule the affairs of Whitechapel." M r . Israel Z a n g w i l l , in a recent address at the Poale Z i o n Conference in L o n d o n , went a step further when he stated that the race w h i c h p r o d u c e d "a Beaconsfield, a R e a d i n g , a M o n t a g u , a K l o t z , a K u r t E i s n e r , a T r o t z k y " s h o u l d be repre sented as an independent m e m b e r of the L e a g u e of N a t i o n s . (See M r . Z a n g w i l l ' s statement in The Jewish Chronicle, F e b r u a r y 27, 1920, N o . 2656, p. 28.) I n v i e w o f the a d o p t i o n o f this p o l i c y b y the J e w s i n P a r i s , A m e r i c a n s are justified in a s c e r t a i n i n g just what is the p o s i t i o n of the A m e r i c a n J e w r y w i t h respect to e n f o r c i n g such a p r o g r a m here. O u r C o n s t i t u t i o n k n o w s no such t h i n g as f o r e i g n n a t i o n a l r i g h t s enjoyed by persons w h o at the same time enjoy the p r i v i l e g e s of A m e r i c a n citizens. A subject of a f o r e i g n n a t i o n a l i t y w h e n he becomes an A m e r i c a n c i t i z e n renounces his f o r m e r allegiance, a n d it is u p o n this c o n d i t i o n only that he becomes a m e m b e r of o u r b o d y p o l i t i c . Nevertheless in the U n i t e d States itself, where the J e w s enjoy an absolute equality of rights w i t h a l l other citizens, t h e y have recently endeavored to b u i l d up an i n s t i t u t i o n w h i c h is entirely opposed to the spirit of the A m e r i c a n C o n s t i t u t i o n , namely, a special J e w i s h court w h i c h tries cases p e r t a i n i n g only t o the J e w s . T h i s i n s t i t u t i o n i s k n o w n a s " T h e J e w i s h C o u r t of A r b i t r a t i o n " a n d holds its sessions in one of the M u n i c i p a l C o u r t rooms i n N e w Y o r k C i t y . T h i s fact w a s briefly recorded by the N e w Y o r k Times in its issue of F e b r u a r y 19, 1920, in an article u n d e r the title, " J e w s H e r e S t a r t Modern Sanhedrin." W h i l e this significant fact may have passed almost u n n o t i c e d by the A m e r i c a n p u b l i c , nevertheless it has already attracted attention in F r a n c e . It is u n t h i n k a b l e to a n y A m e r i c a n b r o u g h t up u n d e r a sys tem of g o v e r n m e n t w h i c h has p r o v i d e d a check against the oppression of m i n o r i t i e s by the m a j o r i t y , that special r i g h t s should be g r a n t e d to a n y of the ethnic elements of o u r p o p u lation, such as the J e w s , the Chinese, the N e g r o e s , or any other 127

T H E PROTOCOLS r a c i a l g r o u p , or that any of these groups s h o u l d by v i r t u e of such special r i g h t s d i m i n i s h o u r sovereignty by a treaty p r o v i s i o n s i m i l a r t o A r t i c l e X I I o f the special treaty w i t h P o l a n d . B y this article P o l a n d agreed that any member o f the C o u n c i l of the L e a g u e of N a t i o n s s h o u l d have the r i g h t to b r i n g to the attention of the C o u n c i l any i n f r a c t i o n or any danger of infraction of any of these obligations (the national r i g h t s of the J e w s ) , and that the C o u n c i l may thereupon take such action and g i v e such directions as it may deem p r o p e r a n d effective in the c i r c u m s t a n c e s . T h e whole question o f J e w i s h double n a t i o n a l r i g h t s i s o f the utmost i m p o r t a n c e , since the recognized Z i o n i s t leaders and the i n t e r n a t i o n a l Z i o n i s t o r g a n i z a t i o n s have on v a r i o u s occasions s t r o n g l y u r g e d the adoption of such double rights. S u c h r i g h t s a n d p r i v i l e g e s for the Jews indeed are more than " n a t i o n a l r i g h t s " ; they are in one sense i n t e r n a t i o n a l r i g h t s c o m m o n t o J e w s l i v i n g i n different countries. I n other w o r d s , under such a system they w o u l d enjoy both the rights of c i t i zenship of the p a r t i c u l a r c o u n t r y in w h i c h they live, and in a d d i t i o n , special p r i v i l e g e s g r a n t e d to t h e m alone. T h e g r a n t i n g of such p r i v i l e g e s to the J e w s w o u l d constitute a series o f i n t e r n a t i o n a l rights c o n f e r r e d exclusively u p o n the J e w i s h 1

T h e f u l l text of A r t i c l e 12 of the T r e a t y between the A l l i e d and A s s o c i a t e d P o w e r s and P o l a n d is the f o l l o w i n g : " P o l a n d agrees that the stipulations in the f o r e g o i n g A r t i c l e s , so f a r as they affect persons b e l o n g i n g to r a c i a l , religious or l i n g u i s t i c m i n o r i ties, constitute obligations of international concern and shall be placed under the guarantee of the League of N a t i o n s . T h e y shall not be m o d i fied w i t h o u t the assent of the m a j o r i t y of the C o u n c i l of the League o f N a t i o n s . T h e U n i t e d States, the B r i t i s h E m p i r e , F r a n c e , Italy and J a p a n hereby agree not to w i t h h o l d their assent f r o m any modification in these A r t i c l e s w h i c h is in due f o r m assented to by a m a j o r i t y of the C o u n c i l of the L e a g u e of N a t i o n s . " P o l a n d agrees that any member of the C o u n c i l of the League of N a t i o n s shall have the right to b r i n g to the attention of the C o u n c i l any i n f r a c t i o n of the C o u n c i l , or any danger of i n f r a c t i o n of any of these obligations, and that the C o u n c i l may thereupon take such action as it may deem effective in the circumstances. " P o l a n d further agrees that any difference of o p i n i o n as to ques tions of law or fact a r i s i n g out of these A r t i c l e s between the P o l i s h G o v e r n m e n t and any one o f the P r i n c i p a l A l l i e d and A s s o c i a t e d P o w e r s , or any other power, a member of the C o u n c i l of the League of N a tions, shall be held to be a dispute of an international character under A r t i c l e 14 of the Covenant of the L e a g u e of N a t i o n s . T h e P o l i s h G o v ernment hereby consents that any such dispute shall, if the other party thereto demands, be r e f e r r e d to the P e r m a n e n t C o u r t of I n t e r n a t i o n a l Justice. T h e decision of the P e r m a n e n t C o u r t shall be final and shall have the same force and effect as an a w a r d under A r t i c l e 13 of the Covenant." 1

128

T H E PROTOCOLS race. T h e P r o t o c o l s o f the Z i o n i s t M e n o f W i s d o m c o n t e m plate this v e r y t h i n g i n the f o l l o w i n g l a n g u a g e : " T h e n o u r i n t e r n a t i o n a l r i g h t s w i l l sweep a w a y the n a t i o n a l r i g h t s in a l i m i t e d sense a n d w i l l rule countries in the same m a n n e r as the c i v i l p o w e r of each state regulates the r e l a t i o n ship o f its subjects a m o n g themselves." (Protocol No. II.) It is a question to w h a t extent the demands f o r J e w i s h m i n o r i t y r i g h t s in eastern E u r o p e a n states m a y be a part of the general Z i o n i s t movement. T o this movement little at tention can be g i v e n in this v o l u m e . It is sufficient to quote a p o r t i o n of an article p u b l i s h e d in the N e w Y o r k Globe on J a n u a r y 25, 1919, u n d e r the title " W a n t B r a n d e i s t o G o v e r n Judea." T h e staff correspondent o f the N e w Y o r k Globe a n d C h i c a g o Daily News in L o n d o n , under date of D e c e m b e r 31, 1918, refers to the Z i o n i s t movement and the e x p o s i t i o n of its objects a n d purposes by one of its leaders, I t t i m a r B e n A v i : " I f the plans a n d a m b i t i o n s o f the recently p r o c l a i m e d n a tion of J u d e a are fulfilled, L o u i s B r a n d e i s , now J u s t i c e of the U n i t e d States S u p r e m e C o u r t , w i l l be the first of the n e w rulers of Israel. T h e d r e a m of the r e n a t i o n a l i z a t i o n of P a l e s tine w h i c h has l i v e d f o r 2,000 years in the hearts of the J e w s is fast e n t e r i n g the r e a l m of reality. J u d e a is s e n d i n g its dele gates to the peace conference. Its existence as a n a t i o n has been recognized by the allies, its declaration of independence has been signed and its diplomats and politicians are already busy m o u l d i n g the f u t u r e of its institutions. " I t t i m a r B e n A v i is the first of its peace delegates to reach London. A n impassioned idealist w h o already visions J u d e a e n r o l l e d a m o n g the great p o w e r s o f the w o r l d , i s B e n A v i . B u t his idealism a n d his o r a t o r i c a l agitations o n behalf o f J u d e a have not i m p a i r e d his w o r t h as a diplomat. UNDER

BRITISH

TRUSTEESHIP

" ' I s r a e l cannot leap to its feet, f u l l g r o w n a n d capable,' he explained. 'It has been scattered a n d dormant too l o n g . As delegate to the peace conference, I am to outline the demands of the new J u d e a . T h e first a n d most i m p o r t a n t of these is the p o l i t i c a l desire of the new H e b r e w nation. We desire a B r i t i s h trusteeship f o r a p e r i o d of twenty-five years. We do not want to establish a parliament or congress in J u d e a f o r at least twenty-five years. T h e B r i t i s h have emancipated us f r o m the T u r k . G r e a t B r i t a i n is m o r e capable of g o v e r n i n g or over seeing Palestine as a c o l o n y than any one other c o u n t r y . " ' I f the E n g l i s h w i l l agree to this o u r p l a n then includes the appointment by E n g l a n d of a Z i o n i s t as g o v e r n o r - g e n e r a l 129

T H E PROTOCOLS of J u d e a . It is m o r e or less k n o w n a m o n g Z i o n i s t s that M r . J u s t i c e B r a n d e i s is the most l o g i c a l m a n n o w l i v i n g f o r the position of governor-general. U n d e r h i m there s h o u l d b e t w o sub-governors — one a C h r i s t i a n a n d the other a M o s l e m . B o t h s h o u l d be appointed by E n g l a n d . We also intend to have attorney generals f o r the v a r i o u s provinces a n d m a y o r s f o r the v a r i o u s c o m m u n i t i e s in Palestine. T h e s e are to be elected by the people. " ' A f t e r twenty-five years J u d e a m a y be in p o s i t i o n to gov ern herself. As a totally independent nation a n d part of an entente i n c l u d i n g A r m e n i a a n d A r a b i a , J u d e a w o u l d be a p o w e r f u l asset to the western w o r l d not only as a p r o d u c e r of culture and a c o n t r i b u t o r to the world's markets, but as a m i l i t a r y b a r r i e r against any p o w e r seeking to control the Suez Canal.' "OUTNUMBERED

OTHERS

" B e n A v i ' s desire f o r a B r i t i s h o v e r - l o r d s h i p i s i n s p i r e d b y the fact that were Palestine to p r o c l a i m a complete i n d e p e n d ence to-day a n d seek by p o p u l a r vote to elect its o w n r u l e r , the M o s l e m a n d C h r i s t i a n peoples l i v i n g there w o u l d o u t n u m ber a n d outvote the H e b r e w p o p u l a t i o n . T h e result w o u l d be a nation in w h i c h the J e w s were in the m i n o r i t y . By E n g l a n d ' s r e c o g n i t i o n of J u d e a as a J e w i s h n a t i o n a n d g i v i n g its M o s lems a n d C h r i s t i a n s representation t h r o u g h s u b - g o v e r n o r gen erals, the Z i o n i s t s are confident that their dreams w i l l be most practically fulfilled. " T h e h i s t o r y o f Palestine's struggle t o w a r d s r e n a t i o n a l i z i n g of the J e w i s h race is c o m p a r a t i v e l y recent. B e g i n n i n g some f o r t y years ago w i t h the agitation of a h a n d f u l of idealists, the movement e x p a n d e d slowly. G r e a t effort to repopulate Palestine w i t h J e w s d r a w n f r o m R u s s i a f o r the most part met w i t h indifferent success. In the face of r i d i c u l e a n d p r o test f r o m their o w n race, the J e w s o f E n g l a n d , the U n i t e d States, F r a n c e , R u s s i a a n d G e r m a n y , a c t i n g as an intensive minority, pursued their dream." RADICAL A N D REVOLUTIONARY ACTIVITIES OF T H E JEWS IN VARIOUS COUNTRIES

3 . T h e strategy o f s t i r r i n g u p class hatred i n C h r i s t i a n nations, a n d the encouragement of r e v o l u t i o n a r y r a d i c a l i s m to that end, w h i c h has such a prominent place in the P r o t o cols, finds c o r r o b o r a t i o n in the very p r o m i n e n t part w h i c h , in recent times, the J e w s have been t a k i n g in the r a d i c a l and r e v o l u t i o n a r y movement i n m a n y parts o f the w o r l d , i n c l u d i n g H u n g a r y , G e r m a n y , H o l l a n d , P o l a n d , the U n i t e d States, a n d certain S o u t h A m e r i c a n states. 130

T H E PROTOCOLS T h e p r e d o m i n a n t influence of the J e w s in the B o l s h e v i s t movement t h r o u g h o u t the w o r l d is a question w h i c h is pub l i c l y discussed in the E u r o p e a n press. T h e Budapest c o r r e spondent of the London Times some time ago s t a t e d : " H u n g a r y is b e i n g t e r r o r i z e d by J e w i s h a g i t a t o r s . " ican Jewish News, M a y 2, 1919.)

(Amer-

C h a r g e s of this k i n d have appeared in the press in m a n y E u r o p e a n countries. In this connection we call the attention of the reader to an article of the Morning Post, entitled " A n Insult to P o l a n d , " A u g u s t 30, 1919. In this article, a m o n g other things, the f o l l o w i n g is stated: " I t i s u n f o r t u n a t e l y true that B o l s h e v i s m i s v e r y l a r g e l y a J e w i s h movement. In R u s s i a the J e w i s h B o l s h e v i k s have taken a terrible revenge u p o n all w h o m they r e g a r d e d as enemies, a n d also u p o n a l l w h o protected the R u s s i a n peas a n t r y against the exactions of the J e w i s h u s u r e r s . " T h i s article closes w i t h the f o l l o w i n g sentence: " A n d w e w a r n J e w s also, not f o r the first time. T h e y are s h o w i n g themselves not E n g l i s h m e n of the J e w i s h f a i t h , as we used to consider them, but a nation w i t h a f o r e i g n p o l i c y of their o w n — a n d that policy hostile to the f r i e n d s of E n g l a n d . A n d that i s what i n the end E n g l i s h m e n w i l l not s t a n d . " T h e three f o l l o w i n g documents are also of i m p o r t a n c e : (a) A n e d i t o r i a l article w h i c h appeared i n the L o n d o n Morning Post on A p r i l 8, 1919, entitled " B o l s t e r i n g the Bolshevik." (b) A letter signed by L i o n e l R o t h s c h i l d a n d nine other w e l l - k n o w n B r i t i s h J e w s to the editor of the L o n d o n Morning Post, w h i c h p r a c t i c a l l y justifies the stand that was taken by that paper. (c) C o m m e n t on the t w o above-mentioned documents pub lished in the American Jewish News on M a y 2, 1919. W e set f o r t h i n f u l l these three documents. (a)

"Bolstering

the

Bolshevik

" T h e news f r o m R u s s i a f l u c t u a t e s f r o m day t o day. It is n o w reported that the situation on the M u r m a n s k Coast has somewhat i m p r o v e d ; but the situation in A r c h a n g e l is o b v i ously c r i t i c a l . O u r soldiers have d r i v e n off f o r m i d a b l e at t a c k s ; but the f i g h t i n g is close and desperate. F r o m South R u s s i a the B o l s h e v i k s r e p o r t e d that O d e s s a h a d been captured, a n d a l t h o u g h we m a y hope that if this is true the A l l i e d forces 131

T H E PROTOCOLS were safely evacuated, there remains a terrible a n x i e t y as to the fate w h i c h m a y have overtaken o u r devoted f r i e n d s in South Russia. F o r these c r i t i c a l situations w e d o not blame the W a r Office; but w e d o blame A l l i e d p o l i c y w h i c h has trifled w i t h the w h o l e situation a n d has alternated between large promises to o u r A l l i e s a n d obsequious approaches to o u r enemies. W e are i n f o r m e d that a l t h o u g h the a n t i - B o l s h e v i s t A r m i e s i n R u s s i a have been p r o m i s e d arms a n d supplies i n abundance, what they have actually received has been c o n temptible. T h e result is that they are fighting almost n a k e d a n d i n m a n y cases w i t h o u t arms. W e m a y b e certain both o u r soldiers a n d o u r allies in R u s s i a are p u t t i n g up a brave a n d desperate fight f o r t h e i r lives a n d their cause, but in these c i r cumstances they must feel that they have been f o r g o t t e n , if not betrayed, by those u p o n w h o m they l o o k e d f o r support. A n d so it is in Poland. W e hear f r o m t r u s t w o r t h y sources that the s p i r i t of the P o l e s is magnificent. T h e y are ready to become a s t r o n g a n d trusty support of the A l l i e s u p o n the east e r n borders o f G e r m a n y ; but they ask i n v a i n f o r m u n i t i o n s , supplies and r a w materials, and they see their v i t a l c o m m u n i c a tions w i t h the B a l t i c left in the hands of their enemy a n d ours. " P o l a n d a n d R u s s i a are one problem i n this sense. We must support o u r f r i e n d s if we are to defeat the B o l s h e v i k s , a n d their secret abettors the G e r m a n s . F o r it is c e r t a i n in that w h i l e G e r m a n y consistently suppresses B o l s h e v i s m i n G e r m a n y she encourages it in P o l a n d and R u s s i a . B u t we are not supporting our friends. W e p r o m i s e d them supplies w h i c h d i d not a r r i v e , a n d p o l i t i c a l support w h i c h breaks d o w n before G e r m a n o p p o s i t i o n . W h a t i s the reason o f i t ? W e notice that the Daily Herald a n d the Daily News are persistently t e l l i n g the people of this c o u n t r y that we are fighting B o l s h e v i s m in obedience to the pressure of the capitalists. N o w that is a lie. We are fighting B o l s h e v i s m in opposition to a v e r y s t r o n g g r o u p o f G e r m a n - J e w i s h a n d R u s s i a n - J e w i s h capitalists, w h o are secretly w o r k i n g f o r the Bolshevist cause. M r . Lansing may or may not be a w a r e of the fact, but he is h e l p i n g as cor rupt a g r o u p of i n t e r n a t i o n a l financiers as ever l i v e d . A n d the object of that g r o u p is to support B o l s h e v i s m in R u s s i a in o r d e r to make a deal w i t h the B o l s h e v i k s . We have m e n t i o n e d sev eral times the disagreeable fact that the R u s s i a n B o l s h e v i k s were R u s s i a n J e w s . T h e s e J e w s are at the present m o m e n t in control of the R u s s i a n G o v e r n m e n t and they have p o w e r f u l friends i n a l l the A l l i e d countries who are h e l p i n g t h e m . W e have appealed to the B r i t i s h J e w s , but appealed so f a r in v a i n , to dissociate themselves f o r m a l l y f r o m a cause w h i c h is d o i n g the J e w i s h people terrible h a r m in a l l parts of the w o r l d . In reply the J e w i s h press shower u p o n us not only abuse but threats. T h u s , for e x a m p l e , the Jewish World threatens us w i t h the fate of M o r d e c a i : '. . . we w i s h it no h a r m , but we 132

T H E PROTOCOLS w o u l d beg it to recollect,' so it says, ' while yet it has its feet upon the earth, the fate of its a n t i - J e w i s h f o r b e a r in that n a r r a t i v e , in the hope that it m a y m e n d its ways betimes.' " W e are aware o f the significance o f that threat. We fully u n d e r s t a n d what it means, a n d the secret A l l i e s u p o n w h o m the Jewish World reckons w h e n it makes it. We saw them at w o r k in Glasgow and Belfast. W e see them a t w o r k n o w i n Budapest, where, it is reported, out of t h i r t y members of the B o l s h e v i k Soviet, t w e n t y - s i x are J e w s . W e u n d e r s t a n d the threat, but we do not propose to be deterred in o u r duty to the B r i t i s h public b y the terrorist methods o f the B o l s h e v i k s . A n d we suggest to the B r i t i s h J e w i s h c o m m u n i t y — most of w h o m , we believe, are by no means in s y m p a t h y w i t h this crusade — that they are b e i n g served v e r y badly in their newspapers, w h i c h openly threaten B o l s h e v i k methods a n d scoff at advice w h i c h is tendered in a f r i e n d l y spirit. In secret, we feel cer t a i n , the m a j o r i t y of the B r i t i s h J e w s distrust a n d d i s l i k e the fanatics w h o are n o w l e a d i n g J e w r y astray in the cause of a spurious Jewish Imperialism. B u t they are a f r a i d to disso ciate themselves p u b l i c l y f r o m the dervishes of J u d a i s m . In the meantime these p o w e r f u l influences are at w o r k in every c o u n t r y , and chiefly i n P a r i s , where they are w o r k i n g power f u l l y against the cause of P o l a n d . An unseen h a n d is at this present time stifling the i n f a n t P o l a n d in its cradle, a n d this is b e i n g done in the interests of G e r m a n - J e w i s h C a p i t a l i s m . It is a conspiracy w h i c h is assisted by so-called L i b e r a l news papers like the Daily News, and so-called L a b o r newspapers l i k e the Daily World; but it is a conspiracy, nevertheless, w h i c h is directed against the cause of liberty in P o l a n d and in the interests of alien C a p i t a l i s m . F o r it remains true that o u r labor agitators, w h i l e they are the enemies of B r i t i s h C a p i t a l , contrive to be the f r i e n d s of the C a p i t a l i s m of the enemies of England. M r . L l o y d George and President W i l s o n — t h o s e c h a m p i o n s of liberty — also appear to be m o r e susceptible to the influence of an alien c a p i t a l i s m than to the c r y f o r free d o m o f l o n g enchained P o l a n d . W e ask o u r readers, w h o re member the t r a d i t i o n a l f r i e n d s h i p o f E n g l a n d w i t h the P o l i s h cause, to m a r k the note of a n g u i s h in M r . P a d e r e w s k i ' s state ment w h i c h we p u b l i s h this m o r n i n g . He speaks — a n d he speaks t r u l y — of ' t h e bitterness of the disappointment of the P o l i s h p o p u l a t i o n , ' but it is not only the P o l i s h p o p u l a t i o n that is disappointed by the great D a n z i g betrayal. E v e r y student of A l l i e d interests must see that, whereas a s t r o n g P o l a n d m i g h t be a b u l w a r k against both G e r m a n m i l i t a r i s m a n d R u s sian B o l s h e v i s m , a weak P o l a n d must be the vassal of one a n d the v i c t i m of the other. As to the economic side of the ques t i o n , B r i t i s h c o m m e r c e m a y b i d f a r e w e l l to all hope of a con nection in P o l a n d if it leaves P o l a n d in such a s i t u a t i o n as to be the enforced dependent of G e r m a n y . " 133

T H E PROTOCOLS (b)

"Bolshevism

and

Jewry — a

Repudiation

LONDON

MORNING

A p r i l 23rd, "To

THE

EDITOR

THE

MORNING

POST,

1919.

POST:—

W e have read w i t h deepest concern and w i t h sincere r e g r e t certain articles w h i c h have recently appeared in t w o closely associated J e w i s h newspapers in this c o u n t r y on the topic of B o l s h e v i s m a n d its ideals. In our o p i n i o n , the p u b l i c a t i o n of these articles can have no other effect t h a n to encourage t h e adoption of the theoretic principles of R u s s i a n B o l s h e v i k s a m o n g f o r e i g n J e w s w h o have sought and f o u n d refuge i n England. W e welcome, a c c o r d i n g l y , y o u r suggestion that B r i t i s h J e w s s h o u l d ' d i s s o c i a t e themselves f r o m a cause w h i c h is d o i n g the J e w i s h people h a r m in all parts of the w o r l d . ' T h i s i s p r o f o u n d l y true, a n d w e , o n o u r behalf a n d o n behalf o f numbers o f B r i t i s h J e w s w i t h w h o m w e have c o n f e r r e d , desire to dissociate ourselves absolutely a n d unreservedly f r o m the mischievous a n d m i s l e a d i n g doctrines w h i c h those articles are calculated to disseminate. We repudiate t h e m as danger ous in themselves a n d as false to the tenets a n d teachings of Judaism. P a r t l y in o r d e r to counteract the mistaken p o l i c y of the newspapers r e f e r r e d to, the L e a g u e of B r i t i s h J e w s was f o u n d e d in N o v e m b e r , 1917. T h e proceedings a n d v i e w s of the L e a g u e are p u b l i s h e d in a m o n t h l y b u l l e t i n , entitled Jewish Opinion, w h i c h can be obtained at the office of the L e a g u e , 7 0 8 - 7 0 9 S a l i s b u r y H o u s e , E . C . 2 , and w h i c h may eventually b e m e r g e d in a l a r g e r j o u r n a l a p p e a r i n g at more frequent inter vals. F o r w e t h o r o u g h l y c o n c u r w i t h y o u r c r i t i c i s m that ' t h e B r i t i s h J e w i s h c o m m u n i t y , most o f w h o m , ' a s y o u r i g h t l y say, ' a r e b y n o means i n s y m p a t h y w i t h this ( N a t i o n a l i s t ) crusade, are b e i n g served v e r y badly by their newspapers.' Meantime we take this o p p o r t u n i t y of r e p u d i a t i n g in p u b l i c the p a r t i c u l a r statements in those newspapers to w h i c h y o u have felt it y o u r d u t y t o c a l l attention. Y o u r s , etc., LIONEL

ROTHSCHILD

SWAYTHLING PHILIP

MAGNUS

MARCUS HARRY

SAMUEL S.

LEONARD I.

SAMUEL L.

COHEN

GOLLANCZ

JOHN

MONASH

CLAUDE

ISIDORE

SPIELMANN."

134

MONTEFIORE

T H E PROTOCOLS (c) "Prominent London Jews justify anti-Semitic Attack " G e n e r a l M o n a s h , R o t h s c h i l d and M o n t e f i o r e F i g u r e in Agitation. " I n reply to a recent article in the L o n d o n Morning Post, in w h i c h the editor accused the J e w s as b e i n g B o l s h e v i k s , a letter j u s t i f y i n g the stand of the Post in the matter was sent t o that paper and signed b y B a r o n L i o n e l R o t h s c h i l d , L o r d Swaythling, Sir Magnus, Sir Marcus Samuel, S i r H a r r y S a m u e l , G e n e r a l M o n a s h , S i r Isidore S p i e l m a n n , C l a u d e M o n tefiore, L e o n a r d C o h e n a n d P r o f e s s o r G a l a n t z . " A s a result of this letter, a s e l f - s a n c t i f y i n g l e a d i n g e d i t o r i a l appeared in the Post, w h i c h cried out in v i r t u o u s i n d i g n a tion against a l l those w h o had p r e v i o u s l y questioned that the m a j o r i t y of the J e w s are B o l s h e v i k s . T h e letter, c o m i n g as it has, at a time when the a n t i - S e m i t i c pot is b o i l i n g in L o n d o n , has a p e c u l i a r l y u n f o r t u n a t e effect. T h e o p i n i o n of L o n d o n J e w r y towards these ten men they consider have betrayed t h e m , may best be left to the i m a g i n a t i o n . " It is significant that the feeling that the J e w s are l a r g e l y i n s t r u m e n t a l i n p r o m o t i n g B o l s h e v i s m a n d r a d i c a l i s m i n gen e r a l i s b y n o means confined t o E n g l a n d . The N e w Y o r k World published on J a n u a r y 26, 1919, a cable f r o m B u e n o s A i r e s entitled " A r g e n t i n a D e p o r t s F o u r t e e n H u n d r e d B o l shevists." T h e cable reads as f o l l o w s : "Buenos Aires, January 25.— F o u r t e e n h u n d r e d p r i s o n e r s , c h a r g e d w i t h B o l s h e v i s t activities, are on b o a r d a c r u i s e r here a w a i t i n g deportation, a c c o r d i n g to Secret S e r v i c e M e n . The majority of them are Russian Jews. Some S p a n i a r d s are a m o n g the n u m b e r . " In the same connection the N e w Y o r k Tribune, on J a n u a r y 24, 1919, reported that in B u e n o s A i r e s posters were put u p i n w h i c h the R u s s i a n J e w s were blamed " f o r the recent outbreaks, as w e l l as the anarchistic outbreak in 1910," a n d it was demanded that " t h e government r i d the n a t i o n of this J e w i s h pest." In the issue of The Review of M a r c h 13, 1920, an article was published entitled " B o l s h e v i s m i n H o l l a n d . " T h e article gives a brief d e s c r i p t i o n of the B o l s h e v i s t movement in H o l land. It also gives the names of the most p r o m i n e n t leaders of the Bolshevist movement in that country. In part the article reads as f o l l o w s : " F i r s t a m o n g these i s M r . D a v i d W i j n k o o p , a n Amsterdam Jew, of a fiery, impetuous temperament, a great o r a t o r w i t h 135

T H E PROTOCOLS a strong h o l d on the masses. He is the D u t c h counterpart of his R u s s i a n comrade T r o t z k y , w h o m h e resembles even i n o u t w a r d appearance, and a f a i t h f u l henchman of his M o s c o w alter ego in the s p r e a d i n g of the latter's i n t e r n a t i o n a l p r o p a ganda." It is a w e l l - k n o w n fact that in H u n g a r y , d u r i n g the B o l s h e vist r e v o l u t i o n of 1919, B e l a K u n , whose real name is C o h e n , a J e w , became the dictator. It was often reported in v a r i o u s papers that out of the t h i r t y - o n e Soviet officials in H u n g a r y t w e n t y - s i x were J e w s . In A u s t r i a r e v o l u t i o n a r y attempts were made to set up a B o l s h e v i s t g o v e r n m e n t , and the t w o brothers A l d e r , as w e l l a s F r i e d r i c h A d l e r , a l l o f w h o m are J e w s , were the l e a d i n g spirits o f the B o l s h e v i s t r e v o l u t i o n a r y p r o p a g a n d a i n that country. In G e r m a n y the first S p a r t a c a n revolt was almost e x c l u sively u n d e r the c o n t r o l o f J e w s . A m o n g others w e r e : R o s a L u x e m b u r g , C l a r a Z e t k i n , R a d e k (whose real name i s S o b e l sohn), Eugene Levine, Muscham. In the recent attempt to o v e r t h r o w the E b e r t G o v e r n m e n t a n d set up a B o l s h e v i s t R e p u b l i c , almost a l l of the leaders in B e r l i n were J e w s . T h e N e w Y o r k Sun, u n d e r date o f M a r c h 18, 1920, gives the names of the C o m m u n i s t leaders w h o attempted to o v e r t h r o w the government as f o l l o w s : C o l i n , D a u m i g , Newmann, D r . von K a h n , K u r t Bever, Levy. As to the U n i t e d States the f o l l o w i n g s h o u l d be s t a t e d : W h i l e it is a g e n e r a l l y r e c o g n i z e d fact that the S o c i a l i s t , C o m m u n i s t , R a d i c a l , I . W . W . , and B o l s h e v i s t m o v e m e n t s are l a r g e l y r e c r u i t e d f r o m the f o r e i g n - b o r n p o p u l a t i o n o f v a r i o u s nationalities, nevertheless it can scarcely be denied that the m o v i n g s p i r i t of the destructive r e v o l u t i o n a r y p r o p a g a n d a i s l a r g e l y J e w i s h and fomented b y J e w s . Thus, for instance, the n o t o r i o u s " R u s s i a n " Soviet B u r e a u , headed b y L u d w i g C . A . K . M a r t e n s , a G e r m a n , was almost e x c l u s i v e l y composed o f J e w s . T h o s e w h o were i n charge o f responsible departments in the B u r e a u were as f o l l o w s : Abraham Heller . Nuorteva

M a n a g e r of the C o m m e r c i a l Department W h o s e real name is said to be N e u b e r g e r , M a n a g e r of the P r o p a g a n d a D e p a r t m e n t 136

T H E PROTOCOLS Gregory Weinstein . . . Morris Hillquit ) . . . Charles Recht )

G e n e r a l Office M a n a g e r C o u n s e l o r s a t l a w for the S o viet B u r e a u

A l l o f the five S o c i a l i s t s w h o were recently ousted f r o m the A s s e m b l y o f the state o f N e w Y o r k b y a n o v e r w h e l m i n g vote were J e w s . T h e i r names a r e : L o u i s W a l d m a n , A u g u s t C l a s sens, S a m u e l A . d e W i t t , S a m u e l O r r , and C h a r l e s S o l o m o n . D u r i n g the t r i a l of these men one of the most sensational pieces of evidence i n t r o d u c e d by the state to show that the Socialist P a r t y advocated the o v e r t h r o w of the g o v e r n m e n t by violence a n d r e v o l u t i o n , was a book published in Y i d d i s h b y the J e w i s h S o c i a l i s t F e d e r a t i o n o f A m e r i c a . T h i s federa t i o n is a part of the Socialist P a r t y . T h e official report of the J u d i c i a r y C o m m i t t e e o f the A s s e m b l y o f the State o f N e w Y o r k r e m a r k s that i n the book published i n Y i d d i s h , the p r i n ciples of S o c i a l i s m , " w e r e not camouflaged, as they frequently are i n E n g l i s h " ( p a g e 3 1 ) . T h e book i n question typifies the extreme o f r e v o l u t i o n a r y S o c i a l i s m i n the U n i t e d States. We quote some of the m o r e s t r i k i n g passages: " W o r k i n g m e n cannot depend o n 'peaceful e v o l u t i o n ' ; they must prepare f o r a r e v o l u t i o n , a n d c l a s s - d i c t a t o r s h i p " (page 207). " T h e Socialist m o v e m e n t rouses the w o r k i n g m e n t o r e v o l u t i o n ; it preaches to t h e m class-struggle, awakens w i t h i n t h e m class-consciousness, makes a l l necessary preparations for a S o c i a l i s t i c order. W h e n society is ready f o r the o v e r t u r n , w h e n the Socialist o r g a n i z a t i o n feels that the moment has come, i t w i l l m a k e the r e v o l u t i o n . T o predict w h e n and h o w this s h o u l d be done is impossible. T h i s is a t h i n g w h i c h must be determined separately in every c o u n t r y , because the c i r c u m stances in every c o u n t r y are different. No sooner t h a n the r e v o l u t i o n is made, h o w e v e r , the first a i m of the Socialists must be to seize the g o v e r n m e n t , the state, by w h a t e v e r means they can succeed in d o i n g this w i t h and then their r u l e must establish the d i c t a t o r s h i p of the P r o l e t a r i a t . " T h i s d i c t a t o r s h i p w i l l be e m p l o y e d for one t h i n g , to eliminate capitalism by force, take away by force the capital from private owners a n d t r a n s f e r it to the o w n e r s h i p of the community." " S o c i a l i s t s seek to be elected into the g o v e r n m e n t p r i n c i p a l l y f o r the sake of p r o p a g a n d a . " " T o the Socialist a t present, the m e a n i n g o f class s t r u g g l e , Internationale, and dictatorship of the Proletariat must be clear. He must understand that Socialism is not a reform 137

T H E PROTOCOLS movement. He must know world-perspective, and that Revolutionary movement."

that Socialism is a Revolutionary the Socialist movement is a

T h e r a d i c a l periodicals published i n this c o u n t r y i n R u s s i a n are almost entirely managed and completely controlled by Jews. F o r instance, the Russki Golos has an e d i t o r i a l staff composed o f f o u r men, all o f w h o m are J e w s , namely, W e i n b a u m , Zvesdichiy, S o k o l o v , G i s e n k i n . T h e official o r g a n o f the R u s s i a n C o m m u n i s t B r a n c h o f the A m e r i c a n C o m m u n i s t P a r t y , the Novy Mir, is edited by t w o J e w s , n a m e l y , N. H o u r witch, and Stoklitzky. T h e Bolshevist weekly, Pravda, is edited b y t w o J e w s , namely, F i n k e l s t e i n and W e i n s t e i n . T h e U k r a i n i a n B o l s h e v i s t tri-weekly p u b l i c a t i o n , R o b i t n i k , is pub lished by a J e w , K. P i t l a r . At the same time, even l e a v i n g out the w e l l - k n o w n Y i d d i s h p u b l i c a t i o n The Jewish Daily Forward, w i t h p r o n o u n c e d p r o - B o l s h e v i s t tendencies, the new A n a r c h i s t i c p e r i o d i c a l , The Communist World, published in E n g l i s h , has the f o l l o w i n g men on its e d i t o r i a l staff, a l l of w h o m are J e w s : M a x i m i l i a n Cohen B. D. Wolfe George Ashkenouzi H. Winitsky

Editor Associate E d i t o r Business M a n a g e r E x e c u t i v e Secretary

W i n i t s k y was recently convicted o f c r i m i n a l a n a r c h y i n the N e w Y o r k Courts. A g a i n , w i t h the r e c e n t l y f o u n d e d C o m m u n i s t P a r t y o f A m e r i c a , the rôle of the J e w is very i m p o r t a n t , i n a s m u c h as its founder i s L o u i s F r a i n a , a n Italian J e w . Examples of this k i n d c o u l d be m u l t i p l i e d almost indefinitely. F o r this reason we must content ourselves w i t h a reference to an article published in the N e w Y o r k Call. T h i s is the official o r g a n of the S o c i a l i s t P a r t y of A m e r i c a , w h i c h is issued u n d e r the motto: " W o r k e r s o f the w o r l d , u n i t e ! Y o u have n o t h i n g t o lose but y o u r chains, a n d a w o r l d to g a i n . " T h e president of this publication is S. B l o c k , a J e w . The article i n question, entitled " C h i c a g o W o r k e r s P l a n B i g M a y D a y D e m o n s t r a t i o n s , " deals w i t h the arrangements f o r the M a y D a y P a r a d e o f the C h i c a g o r a d i c a l labor o r g a n i z a tions in 1919. It enumerates some of the o r g a n i z a t i o n s 138

T H E PROTOCOLS w h i c h were represented in the conference w h i c h planned the demonstrations: " Joint Board, Cloak Makers' U n i o n . 1 1 branchers o f the W o r k m e n ' s C i r c l e . Millinery Workers, Local U n i o n , 47. N o r t h w e s t S i d e J e w i s h Socialist B r a n c h . The Hebrew Trades. The Brushmakers' U n i o n . T h e 13th W a r d J e w i s h S o c i a l i s t B r a n c h . T h e K a r l M a r x Jewish Socialist B r a n c h . Y i p s e l J e w i s h S o c i a l i s t B r a n c h e s 1 and 4. C a r p e n t e r s ' U n i o n , L o c a l 504. W e s t S i d e J e w i s h Socialist C a m p a i g n C o n f e r e n c e . T h e N o r t h w e s t S i d e J e w i s h Socialist C a m p a i g n C o n f e r e n c e . T h e 15th W a r d C a m p a i g n C o m m i t t e e . W e s t S i d e J e w i s h Socialist B r a n c h . Amalgamated L o c a l U n i o n , 39. W a i s t M a k e r s ' U n i o n , 100. International L a d i e s ' G a r m e n t W o r k e r s ' U n i o n . B a k e r s ' U n i o n , 237. Capmakers' U n i o n , L o c a l 5. Y o u n g People's P r o g r e s s i v e D r a m a t i c C l u b . C i t y C e n t r a l C o m m i t t e e , J e w i s h Socialist B r a n c h e s . City Central Committee, Workmen's Circle. Douglas P a r k J e w i s h Socialist B r a n c h " . Indeed, it can scarcely be denied that the J e w i s h l a b o r o r Â ganizations as e n u m e r a t e d by this Socialist p u b l i c a t i o n itself were i n complete c o n t r o l o f the whole M a y D a y parade i n one of the biggest cities in the U n i t e d States. O n e m o r e fact of i m p o r t a n c e w h i c h s h o u l d be m e n t i o n e d is that f o u r A n a r c h i s t s , w h o were convicted a n d sentenced t o terms o f twenty years b y the U n i t e d States D i s t r i c t C o u r t f o r the S o u t h e r n D i s t r i c t o f N e w Y o r k , were J e w s . Their names a r e : J a c o b A b r a m s , S a m u e l L i p p m a n , H y m a n L a c h o w Â sky, M o l l i e S t i m e r . F i n a l l y , w e r e f e r t o the w e l l - k n o w n activities o f E m m a G o l d m a n a n d A l e x a n d e r B e r k m a n , both o f w h o m are J e w s , a n d w h o were deported o n the Soviet A r k " B u f o r d . " Of course, it is significant that the r a d i c a l labor movement is largely c o n t r o l l e d by J e w i s h internationalists, but s t i l l m o r e significant appears the fact that recently several rabbis have taken a definite stand in support of the R e d movement. We shall refer here to t w o instances. On O c t o b e r 25, 1919, the 139

T H E PROTOCOLS N e w Y o r k Tribune stated that R a b b i J u d a h L . M a g n e s h a d p u b l i c l y announced that "he was a B o l s h e v i k and in f u l l sympathy w i t h t h e i r doctrines and ideals." T h e a r t i c l e re f e r r e d t o i s entitled " B o l s h e v i k T a l k F o r c e s M a g n e s O u t . " T h e r e i n it is revealed that on account of his p u b l i c announce ment that h e was i n f u l l sympathy w i t h T r o t z k y , R a b b i M a g n e s was forced t o r e s i g n f r o m the A m e r i c a n J e w i s h C o m m i t t e e . It is i m p o r t a n t to bear in m i n d that at that time R a b b i M a g n e s was one of the most h o n o r e d members of the J e w i s h c o m munity. R a b b i M a g n e s was deputed in 1916 to represent in E u r o p e the A m e r i c a n J e w i s h R e l i e f o r g a n i z a t i o n , T h e J o i n t D i s t r i b u t i o n C o m m i t t e e , w h i c h , a m o n g other activities, so licited a n d d i s t r i b u t e d money a n d supplies to the J e w s in ter ritories occupied by the C e n t r a l P o w e r s . W h e n e v e r there is a great mass meeting R a b b i M a g n e s appears as the chief Spokesman on behalf of the J e w s in N e w Y o r k C i t y , as has happened several times since his e x p u l s i o n f r o m the A m e r i c a n Jewish Committee. R a b b i M a g n e s was one o f the founders of the People's C o u n c i l , w h i c h was dissolved by the U n i t e d States G o v e r n m e n t d u r i n g the w a r . H e r e is a tentative e n u m e r a t i o n of R a b b i M a g n e s ' s activities as stated in the Tribune article above r e f e r r e d t o : " D r . M a g n e s was one o f the organizers o f the A m e r i c a n J e w i s h C o m m i t t e e w h i c h has been engaged i n p h i l a n t h r o p i c w o r k a m o n g the J e w s f o r the last fifteen years. M o s t of the w o r k of the committee was confined to countries where the people were oppressed. D r . M a g n e s has h e l d m a n y i m p o r t a n t posts a n d at one time was R a b b i of the T e m p l e E m a n u - E l . S h o r t l y after we entered the w a r he became a s t r o n g pacifist a n d was active in the People's C o u n c i l . " T h e r e was a movement started on the E a s t S i d e early in the s u m m e r to m a k e D r . M a g n e s the S o c i a l i s t candidate f o r Congress. T h e persons w h o attempted this m o v e are n o w s u p p o r t i n g C o n g r e s s m a n L o n d o n f o r reëlection. D r . M a g n e s i s c h a i r m a n o f the A m e r i c a n J e w i s h K e h i l l a h . " T h e other instance i s that o f R a b b i M a x w e l l S i l v e r o f T e m p l e S h a a r i Zedek, B r o o k l y n , w h o , on J a n u a r y 8, 1920, was ousted by his c o n g r e g a t i o n early in J a n u a r y , 1920, because of alleged r a d i c a l utterances. " I t was c h a r g e d that he d r e w class lines and spoke of the r i c h as oppressors." (See N e w Y o r k Times, J a n u a r y 8, 1920.) T h i s fact alone m i g h t not be o f great i m p o r t a n c e , but the action o f the N e w Y o r k A s s o c i a 140

T H E PROTOCOLS tion o f R e f o r m e d R a b b i s , a s reported i n the N e w Y o r k d a i l y press, is s i g n i f i c a n t : " A f t e r the d i s m i s s a l o f R a b b i M a x w e l l S i l v e r , o f C o n g r e gation S h a a r i Zedek, o f B r o o k l y n , the N e w Y o r k A s s o c i a tion of R e f o r m e d R a b b i s u n d e r t o o k the mediation of the trouble between the c o n g r e g a t i o n a n d the R a b b i , a n d as a result pointed out that the whole difficulty was due to an unfortunate misunderstanding. T h e r e u p o n the trustees decided to r e c o m m e n d the reinstatement of R a b b i S i l v e r , a n d we a r e happy to state that such reinstatement was ratified by the c o n g r e g a t i o n after a special m e e t i n g last night. By a special resolution the N e w Y o r k A s s o c i a t i o n o f R e f o r m e d R a b b i s expresses its confidence in the worthiness of R a b b i S i l v e r a n d also in the g o o d intentions of the C o n g r e g a t i o n S h a a r i Z e d e k to serve the cause of I s r a e l . " It is also a p e c u l i a r fact to consider that certain p o w e r f u l J e w i s h bankers were i n s t r u m e n t a l and active i n s p r e a d i n g B o l s h e v i s m , w h i c h n o w threatens the whole w o r l d . I n this connection we refer the reader to one of the " S i s s o n D o c u ments," published by the U n i t e d States G o v e r n m e n t in 1917 u n d e r the title " G e r m a n B o l s h e v i s t C o n s p i r a c y " : On September 21, 1917, one of the l e a d i n g G e r m a n S p a r t a can leaders, a J e w , by name of F u r s t e n b e r g , wrote a letter to a B o l s h e v i s t by the name of R a p h a e l S c h o l a n , w h o became later one of the B o l s h e v i s t commissaries in Soviet R u s s i a , as follows: STOCKHOLM, "To

MR.

RAPHAEL

Sept.

21,

1917.

SCHOLAN,

Haparanda. DEAR

COMRADE:

T h e b a n k i n g house, M . W a r b u r g , opened a n account f o r the enterprise of C o m r a d e T r o t z k y , u p o n receipt of a tele g r a m f r o m the C h a i r m a n of the ' R h e i n - W e s t p h a l i a n S y n d i cate.' A lawyer, p r o b a b l y M r . K e s t r o f f , obtained a m m u n i t i o n a n d o r g a n i z e d the t r a n s p o r t a t i o n of same, together w i t h that of the money, to L u l e a and V a r d o , the firm of E s s e n & S o n , L u l e a , as to the consignee a n d the confidential persons to w h o m the sum d e m a n d e d by C o m r a d e T r o t z k y is to be h a n d e d . Fraternal greetings! (sgd)

FURSTENBERG."

R u m o r s that i n t e r n a t i o n a l J e w i s h financiers have been sup p o r t i n g the B o l s h e v i k i i n R u s s i a are persistent. 141

T H E PROTOCOLS W h o are the i n t e r n a t i o n a l f i n a n c i e r s ? P e r h a p s the a n s w e r is to be f o u n d in the f o l l o w i n g cable dispatch of the W o l f f A g e n c y on the G e r m a n situation in 1919, p u b l i s h e d by La Vieille France in the issue of F e b r u a r y 13, 1919: " T h e deputy H y e m a n n has revealed the c u r i o u s f a c t : T h e B o l s h e v i s t m o v e m e n t i s supported b y f i n a n c i e r s . T h e banker, B l e i c h r o e d e r , has c o n t r i b u t e d t w o m i l l i o n s to the Extremist Journal." It is of course k n o w n that B l e i c h r o e d e r is one of the most powerful Jewish financiers in Germany. It w i l l be r e m e m b e r e d that the P r o t o c o l s b r i n g out v e r y dis t i n c t l y t w o ideas, namely, economic and social dissensions of a l l k i n d s , i n c l u d i n g a n a r c h i s m a n d c o m m u n i s m a n d also a world war. In a recently p u b l i s h e d book w h i c h has created m u c h i n terest, entitled " T h e Inside S t o r y o f A u s t r o - G e r m a n I n t r i g u e , " by Joseph G o r i č a r a n d L y m a n Beecher Stowe, the authors advanced the theory that J e w i s h bankers have d u r i n g the last century played a n i m p o r t a n t rôle i n E u r o p e a n w a r c o n s p i r a cies. M r . Goričar was, d u r i n g the early part of the late w a r , A u s t r o - H u n g a r i a n C o n s u l i n B e r l i n . W e refer t o one o f the most i m p o r t a n t passages in the book b e a r i n g u p o n the subject: " T h e p r o - w a r bankers of 1854 as w e l l as those of 1914 o r i g i n a t e d i n the S e m i t i c b a n k i n g center o f F r a n k f o r t - o n - t h e M a i n i n G e r m a n y , the b i r t h p l a c e o f the B e t h m a n n - H o l l w e g s , the G o l d s c h m i d t s , the S e l i g m a n s , J a c o b S c h i f f , and the R o t h s childs. 1

It has been stated by one of the leaders of Z i o n i s m , namely, Israel Z a n g w i l l , a u t h o r o f " T h e C h i l d r e n o f the Ghetto," that M r . J a c o b Schiff financed " t h e Japanese w a r against R u s s i a . " T h i s statement is made in a pamphlet entitled " T h e P r o b l e m s of the J e w i s h Race," p. 14, published by the J u d e a n P u b l i s h i n g C o m p a n y , N e w Y o r k C i t y . In its report of a S o c i a l i s t meeting held in Carnegie H a l l on M a r c h 23, 1917, to celebrate the r e v o l u t i o n in R u s s i a , the N e w Y o r k Times on M a r c h 24, 1917, says: " A n authority o n R u s s i a n affairs, George K e n n a n , t o l d o f h o w a movement by the Society of the F r i e n d s of R u s s i a n F r e e d o m , financed by Jacob Schiff, had at the time of the Russo-Japanese w a r spread a m o n g 50,000 R u s s i a n officers and men in Japanese p r i s o n camps the gospel of the R u s s i a n r e v o l u t i o n i s t s . " T h e J e w i s h character of the first R u s s i a n r e v o l u t i o n was strongly emphasized in a report presented to the E m p e r o r of R u s s i a , N i c h o l a s I I , by the R u s s i a n F o r e i g n M i n i s t e r , C o u n t L a m s d o r f , on J a n u a r y 3, 1906, published i n f u l l i n E n g l i s h translation i n " T h e A m e r i c a n H e b r e w and J e w i s h Messenger," in its issue of J u l y 13, 1918. T h e r e i n it is stated that a very considerable part in the r e v o l u t i o n a r y activities was played by the Jews, " w h o i n d i v i d u a l l y , as ringleaders in other organizations. 1

142

T H E PROTOCOLS " A l l the vast w e a l t h o f the b a n k i n g house o f the R o t h s c h i l d s , a m o u n t i n g at the b e g i n n i n g of the w a r to some t w e n t y b i l l i o n francs, was made chiefly i n w a r operations, w a r financ i n g . T h e R o t h s c h i l d brothers o f the C e n t r a l E m p i r e s have i n fact sometimes financed s i m u l t a n e o u s l y r i v a l g r o u p s of b e l l i g erents. " F r a n k f o r t - o n - t h e - M a i n is, and has been for m o r e t h a n a h u n d r e d years, the c h i e f source o f financial b a c k i n g f o r w a r s . K i n g s , emperors, a n d w a r m i n i s t e r s have h a d t o a w a i t the pleasure o f these bankers before i s s u i n g their u l t i m a t a . To that centre have been a d d e d V i e n n a , B e r l i n , a n d B u d a p e s t , the other i m p o r t a n t centres o f J e w i s h w o r l d finance. I n V i e n n a the R o t h s c h i l d s ' w o r d i s l a w ; i n B e r l i n , the H a h n e m a n s , B l e i c h roeders, M e n d e l s s o h n s , especially the last n a m e d , w h o of late years have c o n t r o l l e d R u s s i a ' s finances. To these same sources m a y b e t r a c e d the o r i g i n o f the W o r l d W a r . " (Pages 56 a n d 57.) T h e " P r o t o c o l s " have a l r e a d y attracted p u b l i c attention i n v a r i o u s countries. T h e attitude w h i c h the J e w i s h leaders w i l l take in r e g a r d to t h e m is a matter of great interest a n d deep concern. U n t i l n o w they have kept silent. O n l y o n rare occasions have the J e w s r e f e r r e d , t h o u g h v e r y i n d i r e c t l y , to the question of the existence of a J e w i s h w o r l d c o n s p i r a c y . T h e most e x p l i c i t utterance o n the subject i n the U n i t e d States is that of R a b b i S t e p h e n W i s e , in his address to the C o n g r e gation of Free Synagogues in Carnegie H a l l , on M a r c h 1, 1920. T h e reports of the address in the d a i l y press are r a t h e r meager. W e set f o r t h i n f u l l the report w h i c h appeared i n the N e w Y o r k Tribune o n the f o l l o w i n g d a y : " 'JEWISH

P L O T ' O N L Y A M O N G APOSTATES,

"BELIEVES MEN

S A Y S DR.

W H O FORSWEAR A N C I E N T F A I T H POWER

FOR O W N

WISE

WOULD SEIZE

ENDS

" S p e a k i n g t o the c o n g r e g a t i o n o f the F r e e S y n a g o g u e i n C a r n e g i e H a l l yesterday o n the subject o f ' T h e J e w i s h C o n spiracy,' w h i c h has h a d its most recent r e v i v a l in a story pubas w e l l as t h r o u g h t h e i r o w n (the J e w i s h B u n d in the W e s t e r n P r o v i n c e s ) , have a l w a y s come f o r w a r d as the most bellicose element of the revolution." C o u n t L a m s d o r f f u r t h e r stated: " W e may feel entitled to assume that the above mentioned f o r e i g n support of the R u s s i a n r e v o l u t i o n a r y movement comes f r o m J e w i s h capitalist circles. . . . I n J u n e , 1905, a special A n g l o - J e w i s h committee was openly established in E n g l a n d for the purpose o f collecting money f o r a r m i n g fighting groups o f R u s s i a n J e w s : T h e w e l l - k n o w n a n t i - R u s s i a n publicist, L u c i e n W o l f , was the leading m e m b e r of this committee. . . . T h e J e w s in A m e r i c a . . . collect money f o r h e l p i n g the p o g r o m sufferers and f o r a r m i n g the J e w i s h y o u t h . "

143

T H E PROTOCOLS l i s h e d in the L o n d o n Morning Post, c h a r g i n g that J e w s w e r e in a plot to seize c o n t r o l of the w o r l d , D r . S t e p h e n S. W i s e said that the o n l y serious ' c o n s p i r a c y ' a m o n g the J e w s to-day emanated f r o m the y o u n g m e n w h o f o r e s w o r e t h e i r ancient faith. " S a y i n g that oppression a n d injustice have attended the f o l l o w e r s o f the J e w i s h faith f o r centuries, D r . W i s e a d d e d that they h a d a r i g h t to be v i n d i c t i v e , but that it was not in t h e i r nature to be so. " 'It is the J e w w h o has been reduced to such a state of d e g r a d a t i o n by oppression that he lies w h e n he swears alle giance to another faith w h i c h has not even touched his heart, w h o becomes a dangerous element in the l i f e of the w o r l d , ' said D r . W i s e . " ' T h e c o n s p i r a c y , ' if there is one, is a m o n g those of J e w i s h b i r t h w h o are o r seem a s h a m e d o f t h e i r o r i g i n . T h e y f o l l o w false gods or none at a l l , a n d a m o n g t h e m w i l l be those w h o m a y seize p o w e r f o r t h e i r o w n ends."

CONCLUSION

In c o n c l u s i o n it m u s t be stated that the motives w h i c h have actuated the p u b l i c a t i o n of this book are not a n t i - S e m i t i c . T h e object — a l r e a d y indicated in the i n t r o d u c t i o n — is to call the attention of the A m e r i c a n people to a document w h i c h m a y t h r o w i m p o r t a n t l i g h t u p o n the i n t e r n a t i o n a l B o l s h e v i s t movement w h i c h menaces d i r e c t l y the v i t a l interests of the U n i t e d States. T h a t this attention is a m p l y justified appears f r o m a r e v i e w of the recent p u b l i c a t i o n of the P r o t o c o l s in E n g l a n d , w h i c h appeared in the L o n d o n Times on M a y 8, 1920. T h e article is so significant that it is r e p r i n t e d in its entirety. " T H E A

JEWISH

DISTURBING Call

for

PERIL."

PAMPHLET Inquiry

( F r o m a correspondent)

T h e Times has not as yet noticed this s i n g u l a r l i t t l e book. Its diffusion is, h o w e v e r , i n c r e a s i n g , and its r e a d i n g is l i k e l y to p e r t u r b the t h i n k i n g p u b l i c . N e v e r before have a race and a T h e J e w i s h P e r i l . P r o t o c o l s o f the L e a r n e d E l d e r s o f Z i o n . d o n : E y r e a n d Spottiswoode. 1920. 1

144

Lon

T H E PROTOCOLS creed been accused of a m o r e sinister conspiracy. We in this c o u n t r y , w h o live i n g o o d f e l l o w s h i p w i t h n u m e r o u s represen tatives of J e w r y , m a y w e l l ask that some authoritative c r i t i c i s m s h o u l d deal w i t h it, a n d either destroy the u g l y " S e m i t i c " bogy or assign their p r o p e r place to the i n s i d i o u s allegations of this k i n d o f literature. In spite of the u r g e n c y of i m p a r t i a l and exhaustive c r i t i c i s m , the pamphlet has been a l l o w e d , so far, to pass almost u n c h a l lenged. T h e J e w i s h P r e s s a n n o u n c e d , it is true, that the a n t i S e m i t i s m o f the " J e w i s h P e r i l " was g o i n g t o b e exposed. B u t save f o r an unsatisfactory article in the M a r c h 5 issue of the Jewish Guardian, a n d f o r an almost equally unsatisfactory c o n t r i b u t i o n to the Nation of M a r c h 27, this exposure is yet to come. T h e article of the Jewish Guardian is unsatisfactory, because it deals m a i n l y w i t h the personality of the a u t h o r of the book in w h i c h the pamphlet is embodied, w i t h R u s s i a n re actionary p r o p a g a n d a , and the R u s s i a n secret police. It does not touch the substance of the " P r o t o c o l s of the L e a r n e d E l d e r s o f Z i o n . " T h e p u r e l y R u s s i a n side o f the book a n d its f e r v i d " O r t h o d o x y " is not its most interesting feature. Its author, P r o f e s s o r S. N i l u s , who was a m i n o r official in the D e partment o f F o r e i g n R e l i g i o n s a t M o s c o w , had, i n a l l l i k e l i h o o d , opportunities of access to m a n y archives a n d u n p u b l i s h e d documents. O n the other h a n d , the w o r l d - w i d e issue raised b y the " P r o t o c o l s " w h i c h h e i n c o r p o r a t e d i n his book a n d are n o w translated into E n g l i s h a s " T h e J e w i s h P e r i l , " cannot f a i l not only to interest, but to preoccupy. W h a t are the theses of the " P r o t o c o l s " w i t h w h i c h , i n the absence o f p u b l i c c r i t i c i s m , B r i t i s h readers have t o g r a p p l e alone a n d u n a i d e d ? T h e y are, roughly:— ( 1 ) T h e r e is, a n d has been f o r centuries, a secret inter national political o r g a n i z a t i o n of the J e w s . ( 2 ) T h e spirit of this o r g a n i z a t i o n appears to be an u n d y i n g t r a d i t i o n a l hatred of the C h r i s t i a n w o r l d , a n d a titanic a m b i t i o n for w o r l d d o m i n a t i o n . ( 3 ) T h e g o a l relentlessly pursued t h r o u g h centuries is the destruction of the C h r i s t i a n national States, and the substitu tion f o r them o f a n i n t e r n a t i o n a l J e w i s h d o m i n i o n . ( 4 ) T h e m e t h o d adopted for first w e a k e n i n g a n d then d e s t r o y i n g e x i s t i n g bodies p o l i t i c is the i n f u s i o n of disinte g r a t i n g p o l i t i c a l ideas of carefully measured progressive dis r u p t i v e force, f r o m l i b e r a l i s m to r a d i c a l i s m , and socialism to c o m m u n i s m , c u l m i n a t i n g in a n a r c h y as a reductio ad absurdum o f egalitarian p r i n c i p l e s . M e a n w h i l e J e w r y remains i m m u n e f r o m these c o r r o s i v e doctrines. " W e preach L i b e r a l i s m t o the Gentiles, but on the other h a n d we keep our o w n n a t i o n in en tire s u b j e c t i o n " (page 5 5 ) . O u t of the welter of w o r l d an a r c h y , in response to the desperate c l a m o u r of distraught 145

T H E PROTOCOLS h u m a n i t y , the stern, l o g i c a l , w i s e , pitiless r u l e o f " t h e K i n g o f the Seed of D a v i d " is to arise. ( 5 ) P o l i t i c a l d o g m a s evolved b y C h r i s t i a n E u r o p e , demo cratic statesmanship a n d p o l i t i c s , are a l l equally contemptible t o the E l d e r s o f Z i o n . T o t h e m statesmanship i s a n exalted secret art, a c q u i r e d o n l y b y t r a d i t i o n a l t r a i n i n g , a n d i m parted to a select few in the secrecy of some occult sanctuary. " P o l i t i c a l problems are not meant to be u n d e r s t o o d by o r d i n a r y p e o p l e ; they can o n l y be c o m p r e h e n d e d , as I have said before, by rulers w h o have been d i r e c t i n g affairs f o r m a n y centuries." ( 6 ) To this conception of statesmanship the masses are c o n temptible cattle, a n d the p o l i t i c a l leaders of the G e n t i l e s , " u p starts f r o m its midst as rulers, are l i k e w i s e b l i n d in p o l i t i c s . " T h e y are puppets, p u l l e d b y the h i d d e n h a n d o f the " E l d e r s , " puppets mostly c o r r u p t , a l w a y s inefficient, easily coaxed, or b u l l i e d , o r b l a c k m a i l e d into submission, u n c o n s c i o u s l y f u r t h e r i n g the advent o f J e w i s h d o m i n i o n . ( 7 ) T h e P r e s s , the theatre, stock exchange speculations, science, law itself, are, in the hands that h o l d a l l the g o l d , so m a n y means of p r o c u r i n g a deliberate c o n f u s i o n a n d b e w i l d e r ment of p u b l i c o p i n i o n , d e m o r a l i z a t i o n of the y o u n g , a n d en couragement of the vices of the adult, eventually s u b s t i t u t i n g , in the m i n d s of the G e n t i l e s , f o r the idealistic a s p i r a t i o n of C h r i s t i a n culture the " c a s h b a s i s " and a n e u t r a l i t y o f m a t e r i a l istic scepticism, or c y n i c a l lust f o r pleasure. S u c h are the m a i n theses of the " P r o t o c o l s . " T h e y are not altogether new, a n d can be f o u n d scattered t h r o u g h o u t a n t i S e m i t i c literature. T h e condensed f o r m i n w h i c h they are n o w presented lends them a new and w e i r d force. I n c i d e n t a l l y , some of the features of the w o u l d - b e J e w i s h p r o g r a m m e bear an u n c a n n y resemblance to situations and events n o w d e v e l o p i n g under o u r eyes. Professor Nilus's book was, u n d o u b t e d l y , p u b l i s h e d i n R u s s i a i n 1905. The copy of the o r i g i n a l at the B r i t i s h M u s e u m bears the stamp of A u g u s t 10, 1906. T h i s b e i n g so, some of the passages as sume the aspect of fulfilled prophecies, unless one is i n c l i n e d t o attribute the prescience o f the " E l d e r s o f Z i o n " to the fact that they really are the h i d d e n instigators of these events. W h e n one reads (page 8) that " i t is i n d i s pensable for o u r plans that wars s h o u l d not produce any t e r r i t o r i a l a l t e r a t i o n s , " one is most f o r c i b l y r e m i n d e d of the cry, " p e a c e w i t h o u t a n n e x a t i o n s " raised b y a l l the r a d i c a l parties of the w o r l d , a n d especially in r e v o l u t i o n a r y R u s s i a . A n d again: — We w i l l create a u n i v e r s a l economic c r i s i s , by a l l possible u n d e r h a n d means and w i t h the help of g o l d , w h i c h is a l l in o u r hands. S i m u l t a n e o u s l y we w i l l t h r o w on to the streets 146

T H E PROTOCOLS huge c r o w d s o f w o r k m e n t h r o u g h o u t E u r o p e . We will i n crease the wages, w h i c h w i l l not help the w o r k m e n as, at the same time, w e w i l l raise the p r i c e o f p r i m e necessities . . . i t is essential f o r us at a l l costs to deprive the aristocracy of t h e i r lands. To attain this purpose, the best m e t h o d is to force up rates a n d taxes. T h e s e methods w i l l keep the landed interests at their lowest possible ebb. N o r can one f a i l t o recognize Soviet R u s s i a i n the f o l l o w ing:— " . . . i n g o v e r n i n g the w o r l d the best results are obtained b y means o f violence a n d i n t i m i d a t i o n . . . . I n p o l i t i c s , w e must k n o w h o w t o confiscate p r o p e r t y w i t h o u t a n y hesitation, i f b y s o d o i n g w e can obtain subjection and p o w e r . O u r State, f o l l o w i n g the w a y of peaceful conquest, has the r i g h t of sub s t i t u t i n g for the terrors of w a r , executions less apparent a n d more expedient, w h i c h are necessary to u p h o l d t e r r o r , p r o d u c i n g b l i n d s u b m i s s i o n . . . . By new l a w s we w i l l regulate the p o l i t i c a l l i f e of o u r subjects as t h o u g h they were so m a n y parts of a machine. S u c h l a w s w i l l g r a d u a l l y restrict a l l free d o m and liberties a l l o w e d b y the Gentiles. . . . I t i s essential f o r us to a r r a n g e that, besides ourselves, there s h o u l d be in a l l countries n o t h i n g but a huge proletariat, so m a n y soldiers a n d police loyal t o o u r c a u s e ; . . . i n o r d e r t o demonstrate o u r en slavement o f the G e n t i l e G o v e r n m e n t s o f E u r o p e , w e w i l l show o u r p o w e r to one of t h e m by means of c r i m e a n d violence, that is to say, a r e i g n of t e r r o r ; . . . o u r p r o g r a m m e w i l l i n duce a t h i r d part of the populace to w a t c h the r e m a i n d e r f r o m a pure sense of d u t y or f r o m the p r i n c i p l e of v o l u n t a r y s e r v i c e . " B e a r i n g i n m i n d w h e n this was p u b l i s h e d , w e see, f i f t e e n years later, a g o v e r n m e n t established in R u s s i a of w h i c h a h i g h percentage of the leaders are J e w s , whose modus operandi f o l l o w s the principles quoted, and whose m a i n s t a y is a C o m m u n i s t P a r t y , w h i c h a n s w e r s t o the last q u o t a t i o n . We see this, a n d it seems u n c a n n y . T h e t r o u b l e is that a l l t h i s fosters i n d i s c r i m i n a t e a n t i - S e m i t i s m . T h a t the latter is r a m pant in E a s t e r n E u r o p e is a fact. T h a t its p r o p a g a n d a in F r a n c e , E n g l a n d , and A m e r i c a i s g r o w i n g i s a fact also. D o we want, a n d can we a f f o r d to add exacerbated race-hatred to a l l our p o l i t i c a l , social, and economic t r o u b l e s ? If not, the question o f the " J e w i s h P e r i l " s h o u l d b e taken u p a n d dealt w i t h . It is f a r too i n t e r e s t i n g , the hypothesis it presents is f a r too ingenious, attractive, a n d sensational not to attract the at tention of o u r none too h a p p y and none too contented p u b l i c . T h e average m a n t h i n k s that there is s o m e t h i n g v e r y f u n d a m e n t a l l y w r o n g w i t h the w o r l d h e lives i n . H e w i l l eagerly g r a s p at a plausible " w o r k i n g hypothesis." W h a t are these " P r o t o c o l s " ? A r e they a u t h e n t i c ? I f so, what malevolent assembly concocted these plans, a n d gloated 147

T H E PROTOCOLS over their e x p o s i t i o n ? A r e they f o r g e r y ? I f so, w h e n c e comes the u n c a n n y note of prophecy, prophecy in parts f u l filled, in parts far gone in the way of f u l f i l m e n t ? H a v e we been s t r u g g l i n g these t r a g i c years to b l o w up a n d e x t i r p a t e the secret o r g a n i z a t i o n of G e r m a n w o r l d d o m i n i o n o n l y to find beneath it another more dangerous because m o r e secret? H a v e we, by s t r a i n i n g every fibre of o u r n a t i o n a l body, es caped a " P a x G e r m a n i c a " o n l y t o fall into a " P a x J u d a e i c a " ? T h e " E l d e r s o f Z i o n , " a s represented i n t h e i r " P r o t o c o l s , " are b y n o means k i n d e r taskmasters than W i l l i a m I I a n d his henchmen w o u l d have been. A l l these questions, w h i c h are l i k e l y to obtrude themselves on the reader of the " J e w i s h P e r i l , " cannot be dismissed by a s h r u g of the shoulders unless one wants to strengthen the h a n d of the t y p i c a l a n t i - S e m i t e and call f o r t h his f a v o u r i t e accusation o f the " c o n s p i r a c y o f silence." An impartial in vestigation of these w o u l d - b e documents and of their h i s t o r y is most desirable. T h a t h i s t o r y is by no means clear f r o m the E n g l i s h translation. T h e y w o u l d appear, f r o m i n t e r n a l e v i dence, to have been w r i t t e n by J e w s f o r J e w s , or to be cast in the f o r m of lectures, a n d notes for lectures, by J e w s to J e w s . If so, in what circumstances were they p r o d u c e d a n d to cope w i t h what i n t e r - J e w i s h e m e r g e n c y ? Or are we to dismiss the whole matter w i t h o u t i n q u i r y and to let the influence of such a book as this w o r k u n c h e c k e d ? T h e publishers believe that the vast m a j o r i t y of the J e w s in this c o u n t r y have never h e a r d of the P r o t o c o l s , a n d w o u l d denounce the p l a n w h i c h they set f o r t h . T h e J e w s here, con s t i t u t i n g about three per cent of the p o p u l a t i o n , enjoy the same r i g h t s a n d p r i v i l e g e s a s other citizens. A l l are equal before the l a w a n d a l l are free f r o m persecution on r e l i g i o u s g r o u n d s . A m e r i c a n J e w s are r e g a r d e d b y their f e l l o w citizens, and f o r the most part doubtless r e g a r d themselves, as A m e r i c a n s of J e w i s h f a i t h . T h e y have indeed a special g r o u n d f o r g r a t i tude to the c o u n t r y of their a d o p t i o n , for they have f o u n d here opportunities w h i c h they d i d not enjoy in m a n y other countries. T h e y have shared in a l l the activities l e a d i n g to p r o s p e r i t y a n d they have prospered. T h a t they do, in fact, recognize their favorable situation is s h o w n by the statements; t w o of t h e m are reported by the N e w Y o r k Times, in its issue of M a y 4, 1920, to have made at a mass m e e t i n g h e l d on the p r e c e d i n g e v e n i n g at C o o p e r U n i o n under the auspices of the Independent O r d e r o f B r i t h A b r a h a m , t o express the g r a t i tude of the J e w i s h people to Great B r i t a i n for t a k i n g the m a n 148

T H E PROTOCOLS date f o r Palestine. Judge Gustave H a r t m a n , G r a n d Master of the o r d e r , is r e p o r t e d to have said in p a r t : " W e d i d n ' t k n o w what a h o m e was u n t i l w e reached this greatest o f a l l republics, the U n i t e d States o f A m e r i c a . Here we are g i v e n free a n d equal o p p o r t u n i t y u n d e r the free i n s t i tutions o f this c o u n t r y . I n this c o u n t r y the J e w s h a v e lived a n d prospered, a n d in a l l this c o u n t r y there are no better c i t i zens than the J e w i s h people." J u d g e O t t o A . R o s a l s k y said " t h a t i t became the duty o f the J e w i s h citizens of A m e r i c a to cherish the ideals of this country a n d keep t h e m intact, so that they m i g h t be h a n d e d d o w n to their c h i l d r e n ' s c h i l d r e n . " Doubtless A m e r i c a n J e w s w i l l recognize the menace to A m e r i c a n institutions and A m e r i c a n prosperity o f any such p o l i t i c a l conspiracy as is o u t l i n e d in the P r o t o c o l s . B u t the situation demands m o r e t h a n tacit d i s a p p r o v a l on t h e i r part. B e a r i n g i n m i n d the close p a r a l l e l i s m s h o w n t o exist between the " P r o t o c o l s " a n d the actual policies of B o l s h e v i s m as prac ticed in R u s s i a , the d o m i n a n t p o s i t i o n occupied by the J e w s in the Soviet G o v e r n m e n t , a n d the open s y m p a t h y a n d ap proval given to international Bolshevism by prominent Jews outside of R u s s i a , it is v i t a l l y necessary that the A m e r i c a n J e w s s h o u l d b y w o r d a n d deed express their c o n d e m n a t i o n not o n l y o f B o l s h e v i s m , but o f any p l a n o r p r o g r a m f o r w o r l d d o m i n a t i o n s i m i l a r to that contained in the P r o t o c o l s . A s i d e f r o m t h e i r position on these matters, there is no l i k e l i h o o d of a n y change in the favorable situation of the J e w s in this c o u n t r y unless by t h e i r o w n conduct they convince the A m e r i can people that they are hostile to o u r institutions or to o u r system of g o v e r n m e n t , or that they desire to constitute w i t h i n the borders of the U n i t e d States a race apart, — to be treated as members of a f o r e i g n n a t i o n , e n j o y i n g special r i g h t s , p r i v i leges, or i m m u n i t i e s .

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