Passaic Valley April 2024

The IAANWJ: Keeping Irish Culture Alive

by, Elsie Walker

This year, the Irish American Association of North West Jersey (IAANWJ) marks its 50 th anniversary. “To celebrate our heritage, enjoy it, and share with the rest of the world, “said Jack Regan of West Milford when asked about the mission of the association. Located in Rockaway, the association offers classes for young and old and events for those who want to learn more about the Irish culture and have fun. A person doesn’t have to be Irish to join and members come from all over the state. Recently, Regan and Maureen Murphy Quinn, of Succasunna talked about the organization and gave a peek at its 50 th anniversary celebration later in the year.

As noted on its website ( https://www.iaanwj. com), the association came about as a result of so many Irish coming into the northwest New Jersey area as well as people of that decent already living here. They wanted to preserve the culture while also bringing awareness of the Irish contribution to America. The association was founded in 1974 and first met at St. Mary’s School in Wharton. In 1977, the association bought the Mt Pleasant School on Richard Mine Road in Rockaway Township to be its clubhouse.

Regan, who is the Seargent at Arms of the association and a 25- year member, shared some of the various educational offerings of the association aimed at sharing Irish culture and traditions. There is a book club which reads books that are connected to Ireland by subject or author. There are Irish dancing classes for both adults and children. In Celtic Art classes, people can learn to make traditional Irish things. For example, in February, they made straw St. Bridget’s Crosses. The crosses are a symbol of Ireland and found in many Irish homes. Regan said that the art class’ next project is working on something in copper. Other classes include Celtic knitting and Gaelic language classes. Regan shared that Gaelic is still spoken in parts of Ireland. There are music classes in tin whistle and flute for children and in fiddle, Celtic Harp and Uillean (elbow) harp for adults. The Celtic Harp is another symbol of Ireland. For information, call the cultural committee at 201-321-6706 or email ajhack1@aol.com

The association is involved in different events during the year. With the Friendly Sons, it co- spon -

sors the St. Patrick’s Day parade in Morristown. After the parade, there is a party at the association clubhouse. Every fall, it has a feis (festival), an Irish dance competition at the Sussex County Fairgrounds. There’s a Christmas Hooly (gathering of people getting together for fun)at the clubhouse in the beginning of December. There they tell stories, have music, and celebrate the holiday. Also, every month, there is Irish Set dancing (like square dancing) at the clubhouse. Those who want to join the association must be at least 18 years old. Annual member dues for individuals (at least 18 years old) are individual $25, married couple $30, individual senior (65 and over) $15, and married seniors $25.

Murphy Quinn, a charter member, shared her background and gave a glimpse at how the association may celebrate its golden anniversary. Not only does Murphy Quinn have her own Irish roots

(through her parents) but her husband is Irish, too. She lectures in Irish history and is working on a book about Irish women. She noted that the IAANWJ had its first meeting in September 1974. Being in the fall, though nothing is set yet, she sees the anniversary celebration as being connected with Halloween. Halloween is a holiday that was exported from Ireland. It is based on Samhain, Celtic New Year Year’s Eve. “[when] …the veil between overworld and underworld is the thinnest” explained Murphy Quinn. In Ireland, carved out turnips with candles in them were set out to guide souls; when they came to America, the Irish started using the pumpkins native to this land. Many other Halloween traditions are also rooted in Irish lore.

While they say St. Patrick’s Day is a great day for the Irish, Halloween might just be a grand day this year for the IAANWJ.

Little Falls Police Issues Outstanding Service Award in Assisting Residents During Flood Events

By Tina Pappas

The Little Falls Police Department (LFPD) recently announced it will issue the Grand Gordon Citation for all officers, public safety telecommunicators (PSTs) and civilian employees, who were required to work in excess of their normally scheduled work week during the operational periods that covered the recent flood events in the Township.

Police Chief Bryan Prall is recommending and endorsing the award issuance for those who assisted during the two significant flood events that impacted residents and businesses along the Passaic River. Mayor James Damiano declared two separate emergency declarations during the operational period of Dec. 8, 2023 through Dec. 24, 2023, and then from Jan. 8, 2024 through Jan. 14, 2024.

"Throughout these flood events, Little Falls officers, PSTs, and civilian employees were required to work extended hours and served with the highest level of professionalism during the notifications, response phase, and recovery phase of these emergencies, " Prall said in a statement.

All LFPD employees assigned to work during the state-of-emergencies displayed determination and "esprit de corps" in the face of adversity, which ultimately let to a highly coordinated response from the LFPD, Little Falls Fire Department (LFFD), Department of Public Works (DPW), and Office of Emergency Management (OEM), he added.

"When compared to floods of the past, our responders executed exceptionally and successfully accomplished our mission, providing outstanding service to the residents of Little Falls," Prall further added. "The personal sacrifice and devotion to duty displayed by those working during the emergencies reflect great credit upon themselves and are in keeping with the highest traditions of the LFPD and law enforcement profession."

The Grand Cordon Award may be awarded to any member of the LFPD who served as part of an operating unit, squad, division, or shift, and acted in a highly acclaimed manner.

Ms. Odaman's PreK-3 class at School 1 in Woodland Park celebrated the 100th day of school by wearing custom shirts with 100 items on them or dressing up like a 100-year-old.

Restaurant

Little Falls Supports New State Bill To Combat Car Thefts in New Jersey

By Tina Pappas

Abill which would increase the current penalties associated with motor vehicle thefts in New Jersey has been introduced in the New Jersey State Senate.

According to Council President Anthony Sgobba, the bill known as S947 was introduced in January.

"This bill increases the penalties for joyriding. It specifically increases the degree of crime 'for unlawful taking of a motor vehicle without the consent of the owner or other person authorized to give consent,' upgrading it to a third degree crime for any person to commit such an act," Sgobba stated during the Feb. 26 Township Council Meeting.

The offense is currently a fourth degree crime, but the bill would make it a third degree crime punishable by three to five years in prison, a fine of up to $15,000, or both.

"Unfortunately, cars are targeted in this state so I'm happy to hear our legislators are working to try to curtail that," he added.

The bill was first introduced in the New Jersey State Assembly by Assemblyman All Barlas, along with and Assemblyman Christopher DePhillips. Barlas, who represents District 40, said the bill is currently assigned to the New Jersey State Assembly Judiciary Committee.

"We're hoping we can push the committee chair to post this bill because car thefts have become an epidemic no matter where you live," Barlas said. "The reality is you can take a car from a driveway and then get it to a chop shop in minutes. This is a problem for everybody and it doesn't matter where you live."

A senate version of the bill was introduced by Senator Kristin Corrado. S947 is currently

at the New Jersey State Senate Judiciary Committee . Barlas added that the bill would increase penalties on the existing statute.

The second piece of the bill would penalize anyone stealing a vehicle while someone is still inside of it, or if a carjacking occurs, moving the offense to a second degree crime punishable anywhere from five to ten years in prison, a fine of up to $150,000, or both, according to Barlas. Any person who'll take, operate, or exercise control over a motor vehicle without the consent of the owner or other person authorized to give consent in a manner that creates a risk of injury to any person or a risk of damage to property, is currently committing a third degree crime.

"The hope is that if they're caught under these new penalties, the word spreads and you start to deter thieves," he explained. "Currently, the punishment isn't deterring anybody. They're out within a few hours after getting caught and arrested, and they wind up doing it again. Some are so brazen that they're attempting to walk right into people's homes just to take their vehicle keys."

Barlas said no timeframe is set for the progression of the bill, but said they will continue to put pressure on the committee chairs to move the legislation through to make lives safer.

According to the New Jersey Office of the Attorney General, more than 16,600 vehicles were stolen throughout the state in 2023, which is a four percent increase from 2022. Some tips on preventing car thefts is to lock your car, park in well lit areas and don't leave valuables in vehicles.

Footcare You Can Count

SMtudents in Mrs. Guarglia's PreK-3 class at the Early Childhood Center in Woodland Park completed their "special person" family engagement project. Thanks to Mrs. Rosado and the ECAC Preschool Team for their efforts in engaging our families.

rs. Bouroult and Ms. Bernardo's kindergarten scientists at Charles Olbon School in Woodland Park worked hard to design shelters that would keep their animals shaded from the sun.

ifth grade students at Beatrice Gilmore School in Woodland Park recently participated in the Fifth Grade Battle of the Books. The two winning teams moved on to the county battle, scheduled to be held in Hawthorne.

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WP Women's History Month

In honor of Women’s History Month, Woodland Park Mayor Tracy Kallert and the Borough Council honored three women who have made significant contributions to the community.

Dr. Giovanna Irizarry

During her tenure in the Woodland Park Public Schools, Dr. Irizarry has served in various capacities. She began her career in Woodland Park as Principal of Charles Olbon School. With her extensive knowledge of early childhood education, she moved into the Director of Early Childhood Education role as she was instrumental in securing free, fullday preschool in our town.

Due to her demonstration of hard work, dedication, and leadership skills, she was asked to take on the role of Director of Special Services. Since moving into this role, she has been directly involved with some of our families in need of various levels of support and continues to demonstrate a tremendous amount of compassion, empathy, understanding, and comfort in times of need.

Dr. Irizarry has dedicated her lifelong work to serving children and families as an educator and we in Woodland Park are so lucky to have her.

Judith Schumacher-Tilton

Mrs. Schumacher-Tilton is the president of Schumacher Chevrolet Auto Group, which was founded in Little Falls in 1929. Since 1999, she has been managing the car dealership franchise that her father had started at the onset of the Great Depression. The company has expanded to add additional dealerships in Clifton, Montclair, Livingston, and Boonton.

Along with her son Stephen, Schumacher-Tilton established Give the Kids Hope Foundation Inc., a non-profit that supports educational and recreational opportunities for underprivileged children in New Jersey. She has also volunteered on the boards of the Clifton Boys & Girls Club, the Montclair State University Foundation, and the Passaic

County 200 Club, to name a few.

Mrs. Schumacher-Tilton also recently became the first woman to serve as chair of the 102-year-old New Jersey Coalition of Automotive Retailers and has earned many honors from the automotive industry and General Motors.

She is an icon for women in business, especially the male-dominated car industry, and a true champion for the education of our youth through her volunteerism.

Kelly Spinalli

A life-long resident of Woodland Park, Kelly Spinalli has been working with the Borough of Woodland Park’s Recreation Department for over 11 years. She is currently serving as Recreation Events Coordinator and Senior Citizen Event Coordinator.

In addition, Spinalli has served the community as a real estate agent for over 25 years, currently working as an agent with Berkshire Hathaway. Spinalli and her husband David have two sons, Joseph and Cody, and two grandchildren, Joseph and Gianna.

Planning such events as Woodland Park Day, the Christmas tree lighting, Bunny Breakfast, Halloween parade, and many others, Spinalli works to ensure that all the needs of residents young and old are met. She has recently worked to expand the activities and events available for our seniors as well.

As the needs of the Borough have grown over the years, Spinalli has worked to expand and fine-tune the offerings of events and activities available. Her organizational skills and event planning talents have taken the Recreation Department to a whole other level, as local youth and seniors have more available to them than ever before.

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Have you ever seen these pull boxes on poles around Woodland Park? Did you know that they are 100% operational and can be used in any sort of emergency to reach police, fire or EMS service? In addition, the pull boxes will work to alert emergency services in the event of a power outage.

A Most Endearing Lesson

By Richard Mabey Jr.

Iwas recently diagnosed with a severe case of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy. It’s two big words for a heart condition in which the walls of the heart ventricles become very thick. So much so, that they actually decrease the size of the sacs of the heart ventricles. There is really no cure for this heart disease.

A few days after my heart catheterization, that was the final heart procedure to verify my Cardiologist’s diagnosis, I went to a big comic book show. I confess that I love comic books. One of my regrets in life is that I never got to meet the late, great Stan Lee. But, that’s life.

At any rate, a moment in time at the big comic book show, deeply touched my heart. It was as if the odds were a million to one, that I was at the right place, at the right time, for God to teach me a most valuable and

endearing life lesson. I was looking through the boxes of old Spider-Man comic books, when this cherished moment unfolded.

A few feet away from me, were what appeared to be, a father and son. The dad seemed to be late middle age. The son appeared to be somewhere in his early twenties. Like me, they were looking for old Spider-Man comic books. Within a few moments, it became apparent that the young man, the son, was autistic. I write of this observation, with utmost earnest respect.

I could not help but to overhear that the young man was looking for Spider-Man comic books that featured Spidey’s villain, the Green Goblin. As I was looking through my box of comic books, I came across a rather rare Green Goblin tale that seemed to be priced, very reasonably.

I most respectfully, with

the Spider-Man comic book with Green Goblin on the cover, asked the father and son team if they had this particular comic book. I explained that I could not but help overhear their enthusiastic search for Green Goblin comics. The young man smiled, from ear to ear. He exclaimed that he did not have that issue. The father smiled at me and thanked me for finding that particular Green Goblin comic book. We introduced ourselves to each other. Then got lost in small talk about Spider-Man and all his villains. We talked for a good 10 minutes or so. Then the father simply said that it was time for his son and him to get back to the task of finding more good Spider-Man back issues. We all shook hands and returned to searching through boxes of comic books.

Upon leaving the big

Yours truly at one of the big comic book shows in Central Florida.

A Most Endearing...

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comic book show, the memory of that meeting with my two fellow Spider-Man fans, haunted the marrow of my bones. The incredible joy and happiness that the son displayed, when I handed him the old Green Goblin comic book, had touched a chord in my heart.

I confess that I was feeling just a bit sad, when I first entered the doorway to the big comic book show. As I drove home, it dawned on me that God had brought the father and son team into my life, if even for just a few minutes, to bring a certain joy to my heart. There are really no words to convey the immense happiness that the old Green Goblin comic book brought to the heart of that fine young man. He actually jumped up and down a bit, when he first held the comic book in his hand.

The young man’s joy and exuberance over a seemingly simple thing, awoken me to realize that I needed to rise above my sadness. After pulling into my garage, I took a walk around my yard. Birds were basking in my two front yard birdbaths. The yellow flowers in my flowering bush were abounding. Birds sang and flew about my old Live Oak. A neighbor walked by, walking his dog, and we exchanged friendly waves and greetings.

The joyful young man at the comic book show, gave me the gift of a most valuable lesson. To find the joy, the happiness, the splendor in the seemingly simple things in life. More than likely, I will never see that wonderful father and son team ever again. Still, their memory abides in the chambers of my heart.

Richard Mabey Jr. is a freelance writer. He hosts a YouTube Channel titled, “Richard Mabey Presents.” Richard most recently published a book of poetry and short stories. He can be reached at richardmabeyjr@hotmail.com.

The Origins of May Day

By Henry M. Holden

The May Day holiday originated as a pagan celebration to welcome the summer. But why do we celebrate it with dancing, singing, drinking, lighting bonfires, and collecting flowers?

In the distant past, the summer season was used to safeguard a successful harvest. It is believed to have been associated with local gods, such as Ukko, the Finnish god of thunder who controlled the rain and thus the fertility of the land.

Many of these rituals arose from the belief that Midsummer was a magical time of good fortune and healing. Bonfires were lit and loud behavior was encouraged to drive away evil spirits.

Perhaps due to the time of year’s connection with fertility, love spells were cast at Midsummer, such as placing seven flowers beneath one’s pillow to conjure dreams of a future partner. One could also see the face of his or her future spouse by looking into a well at midnight. Bathing in natural springs and decorating houses with flowers and plants it was thought to bring good health.

The modern May Day, also known as Labor Day or International Workers’ Day, is a public holiday celebrated on May 1st every year. It is a holiday that is recognized in many countries around the world, including the United States, Canada, and countries in Europe, Asia, and Latin America.

May Day developed its roots in the American labor movement of the late 19th cen-

cont. on page 18

What’s happening in your school or

Have a human interest story or something you would like to share?

cont. from page 17

tury. In the United States, the holiday was first celebrated in 1886, as part of the struggle for the eighthour workday. On May 1st of that year, thousands of workers across the country went on strike, demanding better working conditions and shorter working hours. The strike was peaceful at first, but on May 4th, a bomb exploded at a labor demonstration in Chicago’s Haymarket Square, killing several people and injuring many others. The incident sparked a restraint on labor activism, but it also invigorated the labor movement and led to the establishment of May Day as a day of labor solidarity and protest. May Day is founded in astronomy. Traditionally, it was the halfway point between the spring equinox and the summer solstice! In ancient times, this was one

of the Celtic cross-quarter days, which marked the midway points between the (four) solstices and equinoxes of the year.

As with many early holidays, May Day was also rooted in agriculture. Springtime festivities filled with song and dance celebrated the planted fields starting to sprout. Cattle were driven to pasture, special bonfires were lit, and doors of houses as well as livestock were decorated with yellow May flowers. In the Middle Ages, the Gaelic (Irish) people celebrated the festival of Beltane. Beltane means “Day of Fire.” People created large bonfires and danced at night to celebrate.

Today many Americans see Labor Day as time off from work, an opportunity to enjoy a barbecue with friends and family and a

final moment of summertime relaxation before the busy fall season begins.

But the background of the Labor Day holiday is far more complex, dramatic and lethal than most might realize. It start with a heated campaign by workers in the late 19th century to win support and recognition for their contributions.

In July 1894, President Grover Cleveland signed into law legislation creating a national Labor Day holiday in early September— even as federal troops in Chicago brutally crushed a strike by railroad and Pullman sleeping car company workers, leaving some 30 people dead.

In other parts of the world, the holiday has a less lethal history. In Europe, for example, it finds its roots in ancient traditions

In Germany, the day is

known as Maifeiertag and is celebrated with dancing, singing and the raising of maypoles. In Finland and Sweden, May Day is celebrated with picnics and outdoor activities, while in the United Kingdom, the celebration includes dancing

and other traditional folk customs.

Today, May Day is an official holiday in 66 countries and unofficially celebrated in many more, but ironically it is rarely recognized in the country where it began, the United States of America.

According to Peter Linebaugh, author of The Incomplete, True, Authentic and Wonderful History of May Day, after the 1894 Pullman Strike, President Grover Cleveland officially moved the U.S. celebration cont. on page 21

The maypole has ancient beginnings, but scholars cannot agree on what the history of the maypole is. (photo author’s collection.)

Unveiling the Ancient Origins of Passover: A Journey Through Time and Tradition

Introduction: Passover, one of the most significant festivals in Judaism, marks the liberation of the Israelites from slavery in ancient Egypt. Its origins are deeply rooted in history, tradition, and faith, tracing back thousands of years. This article embarks on a journey through time to unravel the origins of Passover, exploring its historical context, religious significance, and enduring legacy.

Ancient Egypt: The Crucible of Slavery and Exodus To comprehend the origins of Passover, one must delve into the annals of ancient Egypt, where the Israelites endured centuries of bondage under Pharaoh's tyranny. According to biblical accounts, the Book of Exodus narrates the oppression faced by the Israelites and their eventual deliverance orchestrated by Moses, a pivotal figure in Jewish history.

The Exodus, believed to have occurred around the 13th century BCE, serves as the cornerstone of Passover. It symbolizes the liberation of a people from oppression, the triumph of justice over tyranny, and the dawn of a new era of freedom. The biblical narrative recounts the ten plagues inflicted upon Egypt, culminating in the climactic event of the Israelites' exodus from bondage.

Passover: A Commemoration of Liberation Passover, known as Pesach in Hebrew, derives its name from the pivotal event of the Exodus. It commemorates the liberation of the Israelites from slavery and their journey towards freedom. The festival begins with the Seder, a ceremonial meal replete with symbolic foods, prayers, and rituals that encapsulate the essence of the Passover narrative.

Central to the Passover observance is the consumption

of matzah, unleavened bread symbolizing the haste with which the Israelites fled Egypt, leaving no time for their bread to rise. The bitter herbs represent the bitterness of slavery, while the sweet charoset symbolizes the mortar used by the Israelite slaves in constructing Pharaoh's monuments.

The Paschal lamb, sacrificed and eaten during ancient times, signifies the divine intervention that spared the Israelites from the final plague, the death of the firstborn. Though the Temple in Jerusalem, where sacrifices were performed, no longer stands, the symbolic significance of the Paschal lamb endures in the Passover tradition.

Evolution of Passover: From Temple Rituals to

Home Celebrations Over the centuries, Passover has undergone a transformative evolution, adapting to changing circumstances while retaining its core significance. Following the destruction of the Second Temple in 70 CE, the practice of sacrificing the Paschal lamb ceased, prompting a shift towards home-based observances.

The Haggadah, a text recounting the Exodus narrative and guiding the Seder proceedings, emerged as a central component of Passover observance. Its diverse versions reflect the rich tapestry of Jewish traditions spanning different regions and historical epochs.

Passover in the Modern Era: Renewal and Relevance

In contemporary times, Passover continues to resonate deeply within the Jewish community, serving as a symbol of resilience, faith, and collective memory. Its themes of liberation and redemption reverberate across generations, inspiring Jews worldwide to reflect on the enduring strug-

gle for freedom and justice.

Moreover, Passover's universal message of empathy and solidarity transcends religious boundaries, offering profound insights into the human experience of oppression and liberation. As individuals gather around the Seder table, they engage in dialogue, reflection, and remembrance, forging connections across cultures and generations.

Conclusion: The origins of Passover are deeply intertwined with the ancient history, religious beliefs, and cultural heritage of the Jewish people. Rooted in the biblical narrative of the Exodus, Passover symbolizes the triumph of freedom over oppression and the enduring quest for justice and redemption.

Through centuries of evolution and adaptation, Passover has retained its relevance and resonance, serving as a testament to the enduring legacy of the Jewish faith. As Jews worldwide gather to celebrate Passover, they not only commemorate their ancestral journey from slavery to freedom but also reaffirm their commitment to the timeless values of compassion, justice, and solidarity.

Passover stands as a testament to the enduring power of faith and tradition, transcending time and space to impart its timeless message of hope and renewal. As we reflect on the origins of Passover, we are reminded of the indomitable spirit of the human soul, capable of overcoming the most formidable of challenges in pursuit of freedom and dignity.

In an ever-changing world, Passover serves as a beacon of light, guiding us through the darkness of oppression and injustice towards the promise of a brighter future. Its ritu-

Unveiling the Ancient..

cont. from page 20

als and symbols resonate not only with the Jewish community but also with all those who yearn for liberation and justice.

As we partake in the Passover Seder, we not only honor our ancestors' journey from slavery to freedom but also reaffirm our commitment to tikkun olam, the Jewish concept of repairing the world. Through acts of compassion, justice, and solidarity, we strive to fulfill the timeless vision of a world where all are free to live with dignity and equality.

In conclusion, the origins of Passover are deeply rooted in the ancient history and traditions of the Jewish people. As we celebrate this festival year after year, we pay homage to the resilience and faith of our ancestors, while also renewing our commitment to the timeless values of freedom, justice, and compassion. Passover continues to inspire and uplift us, reminding us of the enduring power of hope and redemption in the face of adversity.

The Origins..

cont. from page 18

of Labor Day to the first Monday in September, deliberately cutting ties with the international worker’s celebration for fear that it would build support for communism and other radical causes.

In 1958, President Dwight D. Eisenhower tried to reinvent May Day by, further separating the memories of the Haymarket Riot, by declaring May 1 to be “Law Day,” celebrating the place of law in the creation of the United States.

Law Day celebrates the rule of law in a free society. From May 1 and throughout the month of May. Its observance was later codified by Public Law on April 7, 1961. The day aims to help people appreciate their liberties and to affirm their loyalty to the United States, especially with regard to equality and justice. It also aims to cultivate respect for the law, which is vital to the democratic way of life.

Law Day 2024 is on May 1, 2024.

Passover Celebrations Today: Traditions, Significance, and Modern Practices

Introduction: Passover, or Pesach, stands as one of the most significant festivals in Judaism, commemorating the liberation of the Israelites from slavery in ancient Egypt. Across the globe, Jews observe this holiday with deep reverence, blending ancient traditions with modern customs. In this article, we delve into the contemporary celebration of Passover, exploring its rituals, significance, and how it is observed in today's diverse world.

Historical Context: The roots of Passover trace back thousands of years to the biblical account of the Exodus, where Moses led the Israelites out of Egypt after enduring years of slavery. The ten plagues, the parting of the Red Sea, and the receiving of the Ten Commandments at Mount Sinai

are central elements of this narrative.

Significance of Passover: Passover holds immense significance within Judaism, symbolizing themes of liberation, renewal, and redemption. It serves as a reminder of the Israelites' journey from bondage to freedom, conveying timeless messages of hope, faith, and resilience.

Preparation for Passover: The weeks leading up to Passover are marked by meticulous preparation. Jewish households engage in thorough cleaning, removing all traces of leavened products (chametz) from their homes. This practice, known as "biur chametz," symbolizes the removal of spiritual impurity and the embracing of purity in both the physical and spiritual realms.

The Seder: The focal point of Passover observance is the Seder, a ceremonial meal held on the first two nights of the holiday (outside of Israel, where it is observed for seven or eight days). Families and friends gather around the Seder table, recounting the Exodus story through readings from the Haggadah, a text that guides participants through the rituals and prayers of the evening.

Modern Seder Customs: While the core elements of the Seder remain unchanged, modern Jewish communities often incorporate innovative customs and interpretations into their celebrations. This might include incorporating social justice themes, engaging in discussions about contemcont. on page 22

Passover Celebrations Today...

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porary issues, or incorporating new foods and rituals to reflect cultural diversity.

Dietary Restrictions: Passover dietary laws prohibit the consumption of leavened products, such as bread, pasta, and most grains. Instead, matzo, an unleavened bread, takes center stage, symbolizing the haste with which the Israelites left Egypt. Traditional Passover foods like matzo ball soup, gefilte fish, and brisket are enjoyed during the holiday.

Community Involvement: Passover is a time for community and fellowship, with many Jewish organizations hosting communal Seders for those who may not have a place to celebrate. Synagogues, community centers, and even virtual gatherings provide opportunities for Jews to come together and share in

the Passover experience.

Global Diversity in Passover Celebrations: Passover is celebrated in diverse ways around the world, reflecting the unique customs and traditions of different Jewish communities. From the Sephardic traditions of the Mediterranean to the Ashkenazi customs of Eastern Europe, each community brings its own flavor to the holiday, enriching the tapestry of Jewish cultural heritage.

Passover and Interfaith Dialogue: In an increasingly interconnected world, Passover serves as a bridge for interfaith dialogue and understanding. Many non-Jewish individuals participate in Passover Seders, fostering mutual respect and appreciation for different religious traditions.

Conclusion: Passover continues to hold deep

meaning and relevance in the lives of Jews worldwide. Its ancient rituals and timeless themes of liberation

and redemption resonate across generations, reminding us of the enduring power of faith, community,

and hope. As Jews gather around the Seder table each year, they reaffirm their connection to their rich her-

itage

and the eternal message of freedom.

" The Seven Year Disappear" is a non linear, performance art play that deals with a mother, Miriam (Cynthia Nixon) and her son, business partner (Taylor Trensch). Nixon is a famous artist who has left her son Naphtali for seven years only to return leaving him confused. The illusion of Bi-Polar disorder surfaces as both mother and son struggle with mental disorders and substance abuse. Writer Jordan Seavey has created a body of work in which the audience decides what the play is really about... the journey here is the thing; and quite a journey it is!

"Seven Year Disappear" is a modern play; it is not for the faint of heart as it deals with AIDS, Alcoholism, drug addiction and mental disorder. Serving the more progressive theater goer this performance play will resonate for the entire 90 minutes. The more traditional theater person may find this play difficult to keep up with. Scenes move in and out with no particular order, we see past relationships of both characters and the intimacy's that they experience. Director Scott Ellis let's us see the vulnerabilities in their lives and the rocky relationships that they share. Trying to make sense of it all, Ellis has the actors in peak form; we believe these people and the world that they live in.

What is most notable about this play is the deft acting in Nixon, changing roles, accents and body language, Nixon plays one of her best roles that I have seen in her stellar career. Trensch too is very good throughout the show; both blend superbly together. The scenic design by Derek Mclane and the lighting by Jeff Croiter is some of the best I have witnessed in a long time! On a black and white set, the purples that Croiter hits the stage with are breathtaking as it adds to the very cool setting. The feeling of a retro atmosphere permeates the stage. The last thing that is most noteworthy is the projection by John Narun. Much of the action is off stage if you will, we only see the faces of the actors and often in the back of the stage away from us. Narun keeps it suspenseful, somewhat erotic and perfectly captures the pulse of this play.

The New Group has had two great plays so far this year; Sabbath's Theatre and now this one.

novel of the same name by Nicholas Sparks. The 2004 movie was directed by Nick Cassavetes, from a screenplay by Jeremy Leven and Jan Sardi. In its current Broadway production, the book is by Bekah Brunstetter and the music and lyrics is by Ingrid Michaelson.

The musical has two directors: four time Tony nominee Michael Greif and Schele Williams who is making a Broadway debut. Williams is also going to be directing the highly anticipated "The Wiz" which is opening in April.

In the current musical we get three Noah's and three Allie's... younger, middle and older. For the most part the six are good; I thought that the younger Allie (Jordan Tyson) was woefully miscast. Where Allie came from money, was a proper girl, this younger Allie ex-hued none of that. More like an inner city persona, Tyson was just not believable.

In Brett J. Banakis gorgeous set design we get a wonderful slide movement throughout the two hours fifteen minutes.Equally as effective is the sound by Nevin Steinberg and the costumes by Paloma Young. The effective orange and blue lighting by Ben Stanton too made the mood well in tune with the plot.

The musical for the most part was very similar to the movie, two young people fall deeply in love with one another and even though ten years has gone by, they never stop thinking of each other. The key to the musicals success is that the three different sets of Noah and Allie need to all be effective. Whereas Maryann Plunkett as the elder and Dorian Harewood as the husband are excellent, we get the best interaction between Joy Woods and Ryan Vasquez, the middle aged actors; their singing and body language is captivating. The two are silky smooth on stage! Even though John Cardoza holds up his end as the younger Noah, it is Tyson who is an anchor around his neck. Even though Tyson has a very good singing voice, her Broadway debut falls flat.

The two opening scenes, both first act and second act fire on all cylinders. It is the second act, however, where this show excels. The songs, the pace and the story all come together nicely. Songs like "We Have To Try", "Forever", "It's Not Easy", "I Know" and "Coda" were all well sung songs; the lyrics too were catchy and fit the moment of the plot. The

first act too had some nice songs: "Time", "Leave The Light On", "If This Is Love" were most memorable. Having some great moments in the first act, it still didn't compare the the afternoons second act.

For the romantics out there, "The Notebook" is for the most part an entertaining show. The choreography (Katie Spelman) is underwhelming, as is some of the ensemble cast. Allie's parents: Andrea Burns and Charles E. Wallace are not moving in their parts. Burns was much more effective in her role as nurse Lori.Neither actor brought depth as parents to Allie, they were mostly robotic and aloof.

I Remember Dad: The Red Barn

By Richard Mabey Jr.

In early June of 1983, I was just 29 years old. I was working as a proofreader for Oral-B Toothbrushes, for their marketing services pamphlets and booklets. At that time they were located in Fairfield. I had earned a week’s vacation time. Little did I know, when that week began, that I was about to embark on an adventure that would leave a profoundly positive mark upon the deepest chambers of my heart center.

Dad also took a week’s vacation time from his job as a long-distance truck driver. We had big plans to build a small barn, along Mabey Lane, in the backyard of the old Mabey Homestead. Uncle Ed, one of Dad’s older brothers, lived next door to us. Uncle Ed was now retired and agreed to help us build the barn.

Dad and Uncle Ed were both World War II veterans. Uncle Ed served in the U. S. Navy. Dad served in the Seventh Army Air Corps, stationed at Hickam Airfield in Hawaii. Both men talked very little about their time in service. Uncle Ed’s ship was sunk, by a German war ship, off the coast of England. He was rescued by a British Navy ship.

Well, Monday morning

Dad drove Uncle Ed and I, in his Ford Ranger pickup truck, to the old Channel Lumber on Route 23. We bought a good amount of two by fours, plywood boards, black roofing shingles, and four large hinges. The three of us loaded the back of Dad’s pickup truck with this extravagant haul of wood, shingles and hinges. The adventure had begun.

Why do we remember certain things? As if they are

implanted with indelible ink into the cavernous vaults of our subconscious minds. But for some reason, I remember we stopped for lunch at the Burger King on Route 23. I’m not sure if it was in Wayne or Pequannock.

One thing I do remember was that, as we ate our hamburgers and chomped on our French fries, Dad took out a folded piece of notebook paper from his shirt pocket. On this blue-lined paper, were the very plans Dad had drawn in pencil, for the structure of his dream barn.

I remember that there was an electrical enthusiasm in Dad’s voice. There was almost a song in Dad’s voice as he showed his brother and I his plans on how he wanted his small barn built. I know how odd this may sound, but it almost seemed that cont. on page 27

cont. from page 26

the people in nearby tables, actually stopped talking to one another to hear what Dad was saying. There was no doubt about it, Dad’s enthusiasm at that Burger King was definitely contagious.

I remember we drove halfway down Mabey Lane. Since it was not a busy road, Dad parked over to the side, along the pine trees on our property and we all unloaded the lumber and roofing shingles onto the green grass of our old backyard.

I remember this moment like it was yesterday. After we completely unloaded the back of Dad’s Ford Ranger, Dad took a moment and looked at the very spot that he had staked out to be the location where his dream barn would proudly stand. Dad stood there, bigger than life, with his hands on his hips, with a great big smile on his face.

“Men, this is where we’re

gonna build the barn!” Dad declared with a most glorious enthusiasm in his voice. Something touched me deep inside, the very moment Dad gleefully spoke those words. It was the first time in my life that my father had called me a man. It’s hard to put into words. But at that moment in time, I truly became a man.

To be continued next issue.

Richard Mabey Jr. is a freelance writer. He hosts a YouTube Channel titled, “Richard Mabey Presents.” Richard most recently published a book of poetry and short stories. He can be reached at richardmabeyjr@ hotmail.com.

This

Put a Traditional Spin on Cinco de Mayo

Celebrate Mexican culture with pork stew and cinnamon sweets

Whether Cinco de Mayo means an opportunity to celebrate your family's heritage or it's simply an excuse to gather with the ones you love, every holiday truly is about the same thing: special moments together. While those treasured times at the table revolve around camaraderie and conversation, it can start with a filling meal and end with a sweet treat.

Take this year's festivities the traditional route with recipes that combine familiar favorites with ingredients you normally may not use otherwise, such as cactus. This Mexican Cactus Pork Stew makes Cinco de Mayo a cinch with the use of a Dutch oven. Just brown fresh pork shoulder (or reheat leftover pork) in the Dutch oven and combine with onion and jalapeno for the right mixture of flavor and spice. Once pork is cooked or warmed through, add broth, beans, spices, seasonings and a cup of chopped cactus for a southwestern spin.

After some lively chatter or friendly competition, you're bound to work up the appetite for dessert. Call the kids to the kitchen to lend a hand with these Kid-Friendly Mexican Cinnamon Cookies - they'll love working with the dough and rolling warm cookies in the cinnamon-sugar mixture after baking. Remember, they don't have to be perfect; you can ensure a bit of fun and flavor by letting their creativity shine.

Visit Culinary.net to find more family-friendly recipes perfect for celebrating holidays throughout the year.

2 tablespoons smoked paprika

1 teaspoon cayenne pepper salt, to taste pepper, to taste

4 green onions, chopped, for garnish 1/4 cup chopped cilantro, for garnish

If using fresh pork, in Dutch oven, cube and brown it with onion and jalapeno pepper. If using leftover pork, reheat in Dutch oven with onion and jalapeno pepper.

Add beef broth, diced tomatoes, chili beans, cactus, garlic powder, smoked paprika, cayenne pepper and salt and pepper, to taste. Simmer 25 minutes then garnish with green onions and cilantro.

Kid-Friendly Mexican Cinnamon Cookies

Recipe courtesy of "Cookin' Savvy"

4 sticks butter, at room temperature

4 cups self-rising flour, plus additional for coating workspace

2 teaspoons cinnamon

1 egg

3/4 cup sugar

Topping:

2/3 cup sugar

4 teaspoons cinnamon

Preheat oven to 375 F.

In bowl, combine butter, 4 cups flour and cinnamon. Add egg and sugar then knead into ball.

Mexican Cactus Pork Stew

Recipe courtesy of "Cookin' Savvy"

1 pound pork shoulder (leftover or fresh)

1 medium onion, chopped

1 jalapeno pepper, chopped

3 cups beef broth

1 can (28 ounces) diced tomatoes

2 cans (15 ounces each) mild chili beans

1 cup chopped cactus (nopales)

1 tablespoon garlic powder

Spread additional flour on counter and cut ball into six sections. Roll each section into 24-inch ropes then cut into 1-inch pieces and place on cookie sheet. Bake 10 minutes.

To make topping: In bowl, combine sugar and cinnamon.

Roll warm cookies in mixture and let cool on rack.

Source: Culinary.net

(Family Features)

By Steve Sears

INJ Starz: Marilyn McCoo Hometown: Jersey City

t is always nice to have the Fifth Dimension’s Marilyn McCoo and Billy Davis Jr. visit the Garden State. The husband-and-wife team of almost 55 years (July 26 is the big day) will be headlining at Englewood's Bergen Performing Arts Center with Darlene Love on Sunday evening, April 14.

Davis said, “We are so honored to be to be sharing the stage with Darlene Love. We met Darlene years ago when she was with the Blossoms. We have been following her career through the years.”

McCoo added, “We are so happy for the recognition that she has finally gotten for all the vocals she was responsible for, and so many hits. And it was just wonderful for the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame (Love is a 2011 inductee) to acknowledge her. It is exciting.”

McCoo, who turned 80 in September, and Davis, who will be 86 in June, are this month’s My Life Publications “NJ Starz” – in an interesting way. McCoo was born in New Jersey but never lived here, but still has family here. Davis is

from St. Louis, Missouri, but there is no way you separate this loving, talented team.

They go together – and are inseparable.

“I think it's really a blessing if you end up marrying a person that you like; not just love, but like,” McCoo said of she and Davis. “Friendship is such an important part of making a relationship work - friendship and mutual respect.”

“Beautiful,” her husband followed with. “The Lord was watching us, looking down on us. He said, ‘If you are thinking that you are not meant for each other, I have news for you. I am going to put you together, and you have to stay together all through the years.’ And that is what he did.”

McCoo was born at the former Margaret Hague Maternity Hospital in Jersey City. She was delivered by the trusted physician, Dr. Lena Frances Edwards. McCoo explained. “She was the one who inspired my mother to go into medicine. My mother decided that since she (Edwards) was an OBGYN, she wanted her to deliver all her children. We were living in Columbus, Georgia, but every time my moth-

Marilyn McCoo and Billy Davis Jr. (Photographed by Darren Stone\Courtesy of Jon Carrasco) cont. on page 32

NJ Starz: Marilyn McCoo

cont. from pg 31

er would get ready to have a baby, she would get on the train and travel up to Jersey City, and Dr. Edwards would deliver each one of us. That was how determined my mother was.”

McCoo’s parents were Waymon and Mary, and she had three siblings. “Glenda was the oldest and still is, Millie is my younger sister, and Wayman Jr. was the baby, and he's no longer with us,” McCoo said.

The love for music for McCoo and Davis came before the age of 10. Davis came from a family of entrepreneurs in the lumber business, and he said that although his father also wanted to be a horn player, he rarely picked up his saxophone – but his son did, at age five.

“I started getting into music, learning it, and playing guitar, and that was really what I wanted to do. I just stayed with it, and I am glad I did, because it brought me to where I am today.”

McCoo got more involved with music, especially singing, when she moved with her family to Los Angeles when she was seven years old. “My mother and father, and my older sister Glenda and I, used to get around the piano, and daddy would teach us harmony parts,” she recalled. “I was delighted because I was the youngest of the group, and they included me.” The tiny gathering was shocked that McCoo was able to hold harmonious notes. It would serve her well in the future.

McCoo attended Susan Miller Dorsey High School, and then headed to UCLA for college. While there, she started singing with a group called Hi-Fi's. She said, “Music was always going to be a part of my life. While I was in school, a friend of mine by the name of

Lamont McLemore – he was a photographer, but he always loved group singing and putting together groups. In the evenings, people would come to the studio and sing harmonies

By chance, Ray Charles heard the Hi-Fi's, liked what he heard, and wanted to record the group for his proposed record label, Tangerine Records. The group, which eventually became the Vocals, also had a chance to tour with Ray Charles.

McCoo recalled, “I was in school, and my mother said the only way she was going to sign the papers to agree to me going out on the road at that time was that I had to promise her that when that tour was over, I would come back and get my (Business Administration) degree. When the tour was over, I told my mother, ‘Don't worry, I am going back to school. I have seen enough of the world, and I know that I do need to have my degree.’”

But there was more music to be made. Eventually McCoo and McLemore would meet Johnny Rivers, who would form his own record label, Soul City Records. McCoo said, “At that time, Billy (Davis) had come out from St. Louis, and he was a very strong part of the group because he sang a lot of leads when we would work live.” The group, then going by the name of the Versatiles, added Florence LaRue, and Ron Townson, who had been in and out of the group, eventually stayed on.

However, Rivers, feeling the name “Versatiles” was outdated, suggested the group needed a new name. Davis said, “While we were trying to pick out the names while we were recording, Johnny said, ‘Everybody go home and come up with some names that we think would fit for today, and we’ll come back and pull them out of the hat and see which one that we think is the best, alright?’ And Ronald and his wife came up with the Fifth Dimension. We all heard that, and we knew that was the name - we knew that was it.”

What followed was a career of harmonious, popular songs that have stood the test of time. Twenty Top 40 singles (six which placed in the Top 10), 14 gold and six platinum records, and six Grammy awards as a group (McCoo and Davis Jr. themselves would win a Grammy as a duet in 1977). The songs are well known: “Up, Up and Away,” “Stoned Soul Picnic,” “Aquarius\Let the Sunshine In,” and “Wedding Bells Blues” among many others.

Frank Sinatra early on aided the group when he invited them to be on a bill with him at Caesar’s Palace in Las Vegas. McCoo said, “Just a memory about Frank Sinatra. He was so good to the group. He really, in so many ways, helped launch the group. When we worked together with him, that was important because it introduced us to this whole group of people from his era that were not familiar with the Fifth Dimension.”

McCoo and Davis left the Fifth Dimension in 1975 to perform and record as a duo. “You Don’t Have to Be a Star,” their first released single from their debut album I Hope We Get to Love in Time, soared to the number one spot on both the Billboard Hot 100 and Hot Soul Singles charts, and reached the top 10 on Billboard’s Easy Listening chart. It would garner for McCoo and Davis a Grammy Award for Best R&B Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocals in 1977, who that same year they were also the first African American couple to have their own television variety show, The Marilyn McCoo & Billy Davis Jr. Show. After two subsequent albums, The Two of Us and Marilyn + Billy, both embarked on solo careers. While Davis focused on singing gospel, McCoo hosted Solid Gold and occasionally appeared on the soap opera, The Days of Our Lives, and had roles in other television shows, film, and on stage. In 2021, McCoo and Davis released their first studio album together in 30 years, Blackbird Lennon-McCartney Icons.

For the past 28 years, McCoo and Davis have had their own praise ministry called Soldiers For the Second Coming. Davis said, “The Lord gave me that vision. There is a group of us who sing praise songs and give testimony about what the Lord is doing in our lives so that we can build each other’s faith and our beliefs. It is a very lovable ministry, everybody comes, and we are on Facebook. It is just really nice.”

For more information about Marilyn McCoo and Billy Davis Jr., visit their website at www.mccoodavis.com. For more information about their upcoming show at Bergen PAC, visit www.bergenpac.org.

LITTLE FALLS $424,900 3 BEDROOM COLONIAL

Welcome to this 3 Bedroom, 1 Bath colonial. Offers Living room and Formal Dining Room with hardwood floors, Kitchen with 3 year old Ceramic Tile Floor, updated Bathroom in 2018, Finished basement with rec room and office. Interior painted in 2022. Ample storage space in laundry room. Newly installed vinyl siding in 2021. Newer boiler, hot water heater. Garage (as is).

LINCOLN PARK $424,900 IMMACULATE & TOTALLY RENOVATED

One floor living at its finest in the highly sought after Woodland Hills condo complex. This totally renovated 3rd floor rear penthouse end unit offers 2 nice sized bedrooms, Updated kitchen with cambria quartz counters, brand new recessed lighting, SS appls, & crown mouldings! Living Room with w/b fireplace, FDR & replacement skylights. Primary bedroom features huge walk-in closet & master bath. Both bathrooms have been updated w/gorgeous porcelain tile flooring. Gleaming new vinyl laminate floors throughout as well as replacement windows. Laundry located in unit. HVAC system 5 yrs old. H/W heater 4 yrs old. Pet friendly complex which offers amenities such as pool. clubhouse & playground.

7 Ways to Reduce Home Energy Costs

When building your budget, utility bills - especially the electric bill - are likely one of your largest monthly expenditures. One of the biggest culprits: home heating and cooling, which account for more than half of the average American household's annual energy consumption, according to estimates from the Energy Information Administration.

In fact, 83% of homeowners are concerned about the impact of energy bills on their household budgets, according to a survey conducted by Mitsubishi Electric Trane HVAC US (METUS), with 54% saying it cost "somewhat more" or "much more" to heat their homes this winter compared to last year.

To help dial down your energy costs, consider these tips from the heating and cooling experts at METUS.

Adjust the Temperature

While you're sleeping or away from home, adjust your thermostat up 5-10 F in the summer or down 5-10 F in the winter, which can help lower annual heating and cooling costs if done consistently. A smart thermostat can monitor your energy use and behaviors then automatically adjust to make your home more energy efficient.

Look for Incentives and Rebates

Qualified homeowners may be eligible to save money on qualified home energy improvement projects. The Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 (IRA) offers tax credits and rebates, including a credit of 30% (up to $2,000) for qualify-

ing heat pump installation, an energy-efficient option to replace fossil fuel-burning furnaces. Other incentives under the IRA include offsetting costs of electrical panel upgrades and rebates for homes with energy usage reductions of 20% or more.

Switch to a Heat Pump

Among survey respondents, 54% ranked government incentives like the IRA as one of the top reasons they would cont. on page 36

JUNK PROJECT REMOVAL

7 Ways...

cont. from page 35

consider installing a heat pump to replace a traditional air conditioner. Options like Mitsubishi Electric's all-climate heat pumps use two units - an exterior heat pump, which replaces your existing air conditioning condenser, and an interior unit installed on your furnace - to deliver cost-effective, eco-efficient, year-round heating and cooling. These smart systems not only improve air conditioning efficiency on hot days, but also determine the best source of heat (gas or electricity) on cold days, so your HVAC system is always running at peak efficiency and com fort.

Have HVAC Systems Serviced Regularly

For best performance and efficiency, regular maintenance of your heating and cooling system is imperative. Keeping outdoor units free of debris and changing air filters are tasks most homeowners can handle on their own but bringing in a professional - usually in the spring and fall - can help ensure your HVAC system and all its components, including electrical and ductwork, are functioning properly.

Improve Your Insulation

Poorly insulated attics, walls, ceilings, floors and crawl spaces can lead to energy waste and increase costs by requiring more energy to heat or cool your home. Because air can escape through these spaces when your HVAC system pushes air through your home, adding insulation can help reduce losses and keep your home more comfortable.

Use Appliances During Non-Peak Hours

Rather than using your oven, stove or clothes dryer from noon-6 p.m., peak time for many electricity providers, consider doing so in the morning or later at night. Using these appliances outside of the peak timeframe, when conventional heating and cooling systems are often running full bore, can help lower energy costs. Some utilities may also offer plans that incentivize limiting energy use during peak hours.

Think Multi-Zone

Consider upgrading to an all-climate, multi-zone heat pump, which can seamlessly connect to multiple indoor units, revolutionizing the way you experience comfort in your home. By eliminating problematic hot and cold spots in your home, this system ensures personalized comfort tailored to individual zones and optimizes energy usage by directing it only to the areas requiring heating or cooling. Replacing an outdated HVAC system with a multi-zone solution can also help achieve cost and energy savings. By efficiently managing temperature in different zones, you can experience improved energy efficiency, resulting in a more sustainable and economical solution for heating and cooling.

Find more solutions for improving your home's efficiency and increasing energy savings at MitsubishiComfort.com.

Source: Mitsubishi Electric (Family Features)

5 Steps to Get Your Yard Ready for Spring

As the weather begins to warm and days get longer, it's important to begin preparing your yard for a healthy growing season. While factors like climate, soil type and grass type can all impact how your yard grows, there are a few steps you can take during the spring months to help your lawn thrive.

From dethatching and aerating to fertilizing and mowing, tackling these simple chores can help ensure your yard looks its best and is prepared to fight off seasonal weeds, disease and drought.

Tune Your Mower

Before it's time for the first mowing of the season, inspect your mower and perform any routine maintenance necessary. That goes beyond sharpening, or replacing, the blade, and includes changing the oil, spark plugs and filter as well as filling with a fresh tank of gas.

Loosen the Thatch Layer

While it's important to avoid working on your lawn until after the final freeze to avoid damaging the grass, raking your yard with a spring tine rake to loosen thatch - the layer of leaves, roots and dead grass that builds up between live grass and soil - before the first mow is equally important. Be sure to rake when the soil is dry; if it's too soft or muddy, you may pull up healthy grass crowns.

Combat Compacted Soil

If your soil has become compacted - likely the effect of heavy foot traffic - and is too dense for water, air and other nutrients to reach the roots of your grass, aerating can help break it up and reduce thatch. A core, or plug, aerator can introduce tiny holes into your soil by removing plugs of grass and soil, which lets nutrients more easily reach the roots. An added bonus, the plugs can decompose on top of your grass, supplying more nutrients.

Fill in Bare Spots

If your lawn is looking sparse, overseeding, which involves spreading grass seed over

Photo courtesy of Unsplash your existing lawn, can help fill in bare spots. Be sure to choose the right type of seed for your climate and soil type to ensure proper growth. Applying a slow-release nitrogen fertilizer at the same time can provide additional nutrients that are important for promoting healthy growth.

Start Seasonal Mowing

When the ground is dry enough and your grass is long enough to require cutting, begin seasonal mowing. Be sure to use proper techniques, including varying your mowing direction each time to avoid creating patterns or ruts, and avoid cutting grass too low, which can make the lawn more susceptible to weeds and drought stress. In general, never remove more than one-third of the grass blade at a time.

Find more tips to help get your yard ready for warm weather at eLivingtoday.com.

Source: eLivingtoday.com (Family Features)