Drug-Induced Homicide Defense Toolkit, by Health in Justice Action Lab

Page 119

Drug Induced Homicide Defense Toolkit

searching for the cause of death, not to create evidence against a defendant in a criminal prosecution”). ● State v. Osinski, Nos. 2009AP2878-CR, 2009AP2879-CR, unpublished slip op. (WI App April, 20, 2011) (holding that the court considered appropriate sentencing factors). ● State v. Patterson, 329 Wis. 2d 599 (2010) (holding that charging the defendant with first-degree reckless homicide by delivery of a controlled substance in violation of Wis. Stat. § 940.02(2)(a) (2008) and contributing to the delinquency of a child with death as a consequence in violation of Wis. Stat. §948.40(1), (4)(a) (2008) was not multiplicitous despite the convictions stemming from the same death). ● State v. Poehlman, No. 2004AP2491-CR, unpublished slip op. (WI App June 21, 2005) (holding that a jury instruction stating that “it must appear that the use of the Oxycodone was a substantial factor in producing the death” appropriately tracked Wisconsin's first-degree reckless homicide statute). c. Illinois ● People v. Nere, 2018 IL 122566, 115 N.E.3d 205 (holding the state is only required to prove that the defendant's act was a contributing cause, rather than the 'but for" cause of death in DIH cases). ● People v. Strickland, 2017 IL App (2d) 150241-U (finding the trial court erred in denying defendant the benefit of his plea bargain after a DIH conviction, which provided that he would get credit against each of two consecutive sentences). ● People v. Brown, 2016 IL App (2d) 140462-U (holding that defendant forfeited his chain-of-custody challenge to the admissibility of drug evidence after failing to raise it at trial). ● People v. Kidd, 2013 IL App (2d) 120088, 997 N.E.2d 634 (reversing conviction and remanding for new trial when trial counsel failed to proffer entire pattern jury instruction regarding "delivery" when joint possession was in question). ● People v. Coots, 2012 IL App (2d) 100592, 968 N.E.2d 1151 (holding that trial counsel's failure to submit a proposed supplemental instruction on the

Version Date July 2021 – Check https://ssrn.com/abstract=3265510 for most current edition

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D. Secondary sources

26min
pages 120-144

c. Illinois

1min
page 119

b. Wisconsin

1min
page 118

a. Pennsylvania

3min
pages 116-117

VIII. FINALTHOUGHTS: HUMANIZING THE DEFENDANTAND USING PERSON-AFFIRMING LANGUAGE

4min
pages 110-113

F. The questionable strict liability approach

4min
pages 104-106

G. Better approaches to the overdose crisis

3min
pages 107-109

E. DIH prosecutions do not reduce drug use or drug crime

7min
pages 99-103

treatment

1min
page 98

C. Jail and prison actually increases the risk of overdose and death D. DIH prosecutions hinder law enforcement efforts to connect users with

6min
pages 94-97

B. DIH enforcement actually reduces help-seeking, thereby increasing the risk that people will die from overdose

10min
pages 87-93

A. DIH statutes purport to target major traffickers, but prosecutions target co-users and small-scale sellers

5min
pages 83-86

3. Apps

2min
pages 80-81

1. Contents and metadata

2min
pages 75-76

E. Cell phone searches and Carpenter

1min
page 74

2. Location tracking

4min
pages 77-79

B. Denial of MOUD to inmates may violate the ADA or Rehabilitation Act

2min
pages 71-72

V. SENTENCING AND MITIGATION

2min
pages 67-68

acquisition requirement

1min
page 60

D. Arguing for a broad application of the joint-user rule based on distinguishing users from sellers

3min
pages 65-66

B. Application to drug-induced homicide prosecutions

4min
pages 53-55

b. Query determination of manner of death as accident or homicide for evidence of bias

8min
pages 45-50

a. The constructive possession doctrine

3min
pages 61-63

1. Decisions requiring physical presence

1min
page 57

C. Analyzing the simultaneous acquisition requirement

1min
page 56

2. Decisions not requiring physical presence

3min
pages 58-59

ii. Toxicology as a tool

3min
pages 42-44

2. Proximate causation and foreseeability

3min
pages 26-27

3. Intervening cause limitation

2min
pages 28-29

3. Consider the state official’s expertise

6min
pages 34-37

pathologist/medical examiner

1min
page 31

B. Challenging the scientific evidence

1min
page 30

“but-for” testimony

2min
pages 32-33

1. But-for causation

10min
pages 18-25

i. Autopsy as a tool

2min
pages 40-41
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