May 1931 by National Field Archery Association

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VOLUME IV., NUMBER 9

1931

15r per copg

LIGHT

Now—

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A New and Outstanding Development in Bow Tips! Beautifully shaped Metaloid Bow Tips that can hardly be distinguished from polished horn tips. Yet, they are unbreakable and screw on. Once put on a bow properly they are guaranteed not to jar loose. They are extremely light, weigh ing only 75 grains each, or just slightly more than an average parallel arrow point. They have a %" hole tapered to a 16 degree included angle. Price, per pair, postpaid .......... $1.00

WOODCRAFT EQUIPMENT CO. Independence, Mo. Makers of York Archery Equipment

A New Thrill

Science has revealed in yew the “magic wood” of the ages, a new magic. o^nr^Jcin^v^f War Gov’t, was confronted by the problem tive and St qua“tlt,es of seasoned spruce. Speed was imperalives of onr air6 exce||ence of this material would depend the very Wn. successfnllvemAfHf°i7 a group of exPerts stationed at Vancouver, controlled hmnMW* t*Ys Jemergency you have no doubt read. The fection and r 1™et^od seasoning was here brought to perrection and the results were proven by actual test.

XXgdi:x^ not use distorted nr Ve finest stock of wood in existence we do All bows are thtn^^^ our lowest priced bows, the Eg” nor 2r°ker? in” and guaranteed not to “follow guarantee chare-eq or ti^er- To responsible clubs who will Horns/finish*2doth~ wa*8 "e loan a bow for 30 days test, done that they attract *^01“.tments are so artistically and perfectly doU„s. f-es, «teen to

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W- H- (Wally) Burr

8202 14th N. E., Seattle, Washington

May, 1931.

Premiums to Archery Clubs Ye Sylvan Archer offers the following premiums, especially for the consideration of clubs:

For 12 subscriptions will be given a bronze plaque mounted on hardwood base, very suitable for presentation for club championships. We are so sure these plaques will please you that we will send one on approval to any club secretary. Then, if you are pleased with the plaque send us the 12 subscriptions, if not return the plaque.

For 10 subscriptions we will give a copy of “Archery,” by Dr. Elmer.

For .30 subscriptions we will give a good yew bow made by an experienced bowyer.

For 5 subscriptions will be given a copy of Duff’s “Bows and Arrows,” or of “The Witchery of Archery.”

Address:

Ye Sylvan Archer Box 156, Corvallis, Oregon

YE SYLVAN ARCHER VOL. V., NO. 1.

CORVALLIS. ORE.

Entered as second-class matter November 5, 1927, at the . post office at Corvallis, Oregon, under the Act of March 3, 1879.

Published monthly by Ye Sylvan Archer Publishing Co. 1210 N. 33rd Street, Corvallis, Oregon. J. E. DAVIS..................................................Editor B. G. THOMPSON....................................BusinessManager Subscription Price....................... $1.00 Per Year Foreign Subscriptions..................$1.25 Pei' Year Single Copies...................................... ..... 15 Cents

Advertising rates on application. Copyright, 1931, Ye Sylvan Archer Publishing Co.

Table of Contents Effect of Permanent Set and Rcflcxing on Static Strains and Stresses 3 By C. AL Hickman, Pb. D.

Target Shooting as a Side Attraction By Howard Hill, O[>a-Locka, Florida

The Quadrangular State Indoor Tournament 6 Seasoning Yew Wood Artificially

By Wallace Burr, Seattle, Wash. Pinehurst Archcry Tournament

Uy Janies Duff, Field Captain

. 10

Spine Controversy Reaches England By John 'Yates, Blackburn, England

May, 1931.

Effect of Permanent Set and Reflexing on Static Strains and Stresses By C. N. Hickman, Ph.D.,

Following the procedure outlined in the November, 1930, issue of Ye Sylvan Archer, curves may be ob tained showing the tension in the string and the drawing force for re flexed bows and for bows having a permanent set. Let Ai equal the angle made by a line joining the bow tips with the tan agent at one of the tips for the un braced bow. If the bow has a perma ment set this angle will be positive and :if the bow is reflexed the angle will Ibe negative. T/C may now be found from the •equation:

T/C = (A- A,) / sin (A + E) All of the other formulas remain tthe same except the fiber stress is mow proportional to A— Ai instead of JI. The curves shown in Graph 6 are ffor a six ft. bow having an eight inch ssection at the middle that does not Ibend and which has the string braced . eat a height of six inches. The curves tare corrected by changing the consstant C so that the force F for a draw cof 27% inches is the same for all Ifoows. The number on each curve indi cates the value of the angle Ai for tthe unbraced bow. For example, P represents the conditions for a bow j Hiaving neither any reflex nor set. The curves marked —20 give the condi' ttions for a bow which is reflexed so : tthat Ai = 200. The curves marked i 20 give the conditions for a bow which ■:

Long Island, N. Y.

has a permanent set so that Ai — 20°. For Ai = 10°, the tips are bent forward by set about 6.2 inches. For Ai = 20° the tips are bent forward by set about 12% inches. For Ai = — 10° the tips are bent back by re flexing about 6.2 inches and foi- Ai = —20°, the tips are bent back by re flexing about 12% inches. The curves marked T/C in graph 6 show the tension in the string as a function of the draw. For a highly reflexed bow, the initial tension is quite high and becomes less as the bow is drawn. For a bow having a large permanent set the initial ten sion in the string is quite small but increases as the bow is drawn. The curves marked F/C show the force required to draw the bow as a function of the draw in inches. The bow having neither reflex nor perma nent set is shown by the curve O and has been discussed in previous arti cles. The other curves show that a permanent set reduces the initial drawing forces considerably. On the other hand, the reflexed bow has these forces increased. Curves for W/C, or the work as a function of the draw, are not shown, but the area undei" any curve F/C is a measure of the work done. It should be noted that the force for a full draw of 27% inches is the same for each of these curves but the work is greater for the reflexed bows and considerably smaller for the bows bows having permanent set.

Ye Sylvan Archer

It should be remembered that the curves have been corrected by chang ing the constant C so that the force is the same for a draw of 27% inches. It is obvious that the reflexed bow has considerably more potential ener gy, for the same holding force, than

the bow which has a permanent set. On the other hand it is difficult to obtain material suitable for construct ing a reflexed bow. A dynamical treat ment of this same problem may show that for heavy bows, the gains due to reflexing are not so great.

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May, 1931.

The fiber stresses are proportional to A — Ai. However since the re flexed bow may be made weaker and still obtain the same holding force, a correction should be made if the bow is weakened by making it thinner. This correction factor is rathercomplicated and since it is not very large it will not be considered at the time. Neglecting this correction fac tor the fiber stress for the —20 re flexed bow is about 27% greater at full draw than for the normal (0) bow. If there were no stress in an unbraced bow having a permanent set corresponding to Ai = 20, the stress would be 27% less for this bow at full draw than for the normal bow. How ever by sawing or splitting a bow with a permanent set, parallel to its back, it may be shown that it is not free from stress even when braced. The belly portion will curl up show ing that the bow has been worked be yond its elastic limit. “TARGET SHOOTING AS A SIDE ATTRACTION” By Howard Hill, Opa-Locka, Florida On my return from a very pleasant swim at the beach I found your last copy of Ye Sylvan Archer awaiting me. I have read many issues of your magazine with interest, but the num ber just received inspires me to say a few words for the tail end of the Unit ed States. We are not confined to any one branch of archery down here. We do a little target work, some flight shoot ing, a good deal of archery golf, and I, personally, get several good hunts with the bow and arrow each season. I have been fortunate enough to kill several wild cats, coons, and alliga tors, besides many rabbits, opossums, and fish of all varieties and sizes. On September 28th, 1930, I had the great

joy of killing a ten-point buck deer, weighing 270 pounds, in Canada. I had the arrow mounted in the head, just as it was shot, as the fatal shaft passed through the neck of the ani mal. All articles about target shooting, flight shooting, and other branches of archery are interesting to me, but when I find an article on hunting with the bow, I simply devour it, for this is undoubtedly the greatest sport to be had in modern times. For me there is more thrill in knocking over a rabbit at fifty paces than in putting nine straight arrows in the gold at forty yards; I have been fortunate enough to do both. I have attended the National Arch ery Tournament twice, and enjoyed both meets very much, but I do feel sorry for the fellow who has to be content with shooting at a piece of oilcloth and a bunch of straw. How ever, if that were all I ever had a chance to shoot at I should still say that archery is the most satisfying of all sports. As a club we do more archery golf than any other branch of the sport. The fourth Annual National Archery Golf Tournament will be held here in Miami (Opa-Locka is a suburb of Miami) March 26th, 27th and 28th. In addition to thirty-six holes of archery golf there will be clout shooting, flight shooting and probably target shooting as a side attraction. This meeting will be held, as the former- three have been, with the sanction of the Nation al Archery association. The Channel Archery Association will hold its Second Annual Tourna ment for the championship of central California on Memorial day and the day following, at the Hope Ranch Archery field in Santa Barbara.

THE QUADRANGULAR STATE INDOOR TOURNAMENT On Sunday, the first day of Spring, an indoor tournament was held on the range of the Cleveland Indoor Arch ery association, to determine the in dividual and the team champions of Ohio, Pennsylvania, New York, and Michigan. Due to unavoidable cir cumstances, teams that were expected from the states of Michigan and New York did not arrive. The Indoor American Round was shot both in the individual and the team shooting. The distances were sixty, fifty and forty feet and thirty arrows were shot at each distance at a 16-inch target with a 3.2-inch bull’s eye. The beautiful silver cup for the team shooting was won by the Gen eva, Ohio, No. 1 team, which was cap tained by that able archer, Bob Jackson. The Cleveland team was hot on their heels but could not quite catch up with their old rivals from Geneva. The individual championship was won by Hollis Bacon, now of Cleveland, who for the past four years has been the president of the Michigan Archers association. It gave the defeated Cleveland team much pleasure to see one of their members win the indivi dual cup. Mrs. Laura Brooner won the ladies’ championship, the prize be ing a bronze plaque which was fur nished by Ye Sylvan Archer. The tournament was run off in fine shape with Mr. H. S. Wahle, secretary of the association, in charge. The shooting began at 9 a. m. and ended early in the evening. A consolation shoot was to have followed the feed and awarding of prizes, but when the five piece orchestra struck up, it was found that the shooting range made a fine dance hall, and the tournament turned into a dance that lasted till midnight. Right here we want to let the arch

Ye Sylvan Archer ery world know the fine spirit of sportsmanship the Erie team, from Pennsylvania, displayed. They had not been shooting indoors this winter, but when they heard of the tournament at Cleveland, they got in a few days’ practice and came on. As was to be expected they did not win the tourna ment, but they had a good time, and we were all delighted to have the Erie boys—White, Banghart, Douglas and Feiss, with us. Mr. Guy D. Tressler, president of the Ohio State Archery association, was present and was laying plans for the Second Ohio State Tournament to be held at Toledo early in August. He had expected to bring a Toledo team to the indoor tournament, but just at the last minute things turned up which made it impossible to have the Toledo team here. The Second Quadrangular State In door Tournament is now a matter of pleasant memory, and with spring in the air, the thoughts of the indoor archers turn to the great outdoors.

Golden D. Long reports that the Fresno Archery club has increased the size of its field so more archers may take part at one time. The City Park department is going to build a club house for the housing of targets and equipment, so members will have a chance to shoot every day without the trouble of carrying targets to the field. The open California Archery Cham pionships will be held July 4th, 1931. This will be the fifth annual event and is open to any archer in the state. The field will not be limited to California alone so all archers are invited to take part.

A newly organized club in Chicago is the “Silver Arrow Archery club,” according to a letter from Waldemar Hrabinske of that city.

May, 1931.

Seasoning Yew Wood Artificially By Wallace Burr, Seattle, Washington

Many people are greatly prejudiced against kiln-dried wood and perhaps they are justified in this for the oldfashioned baking process commonly called kiln-drying has damaged a large per cent of all lumber produced in this country. Air drying has come to be regarded as the ultimate in seasoning, especial ly when strength and toughness are required. Of late years a scientific method of drying has been deevloped. This was given great impetus during the war when vast quantities of spruce had to be seasoned quickly for airplanes. Here it was vitally necessary to pre serve the full strength of the wood. At the Vancouver, Wash., spruce pro duction plant it was proven by actual tests with giant recording, testing machines that kiln dried wood is su perior to air dried in every way. The tests were made on many kinds of wood but always with the same result. Although yew wood was not tested it was safe to assume that it would not be an exception. The results of these tests can be obtained from bulletins published by the U. S. Bureau of Standards. Mr. Goss, who had charge of the seasoning in this war-time plant and is now a kiln engineer in Seattle has been an occasional visitor in my shop for the past two years. He never failed to urge me to try this new method of kiln drying on some of my yew wood. The greatest difficulty was in the expense of the instruments for auto matic control of temperature and hu midity. When he drew word pictures for me of bows one month from the

tree, which had wonderful cast and never drooped, weakened nor broke, I began to feel myself slipping. The pictures were backed up with reams of tables, graphs and government bul letins, some of which bore his name on the cover. Having no argument left I decided to try it. Worth Goss, son and junior mem ber of the firm, had been in one of my shop-work classes a few years back and is soon to graduate in chem ical engineering. He is keenly inter ested and an expert on kilns and auto matic instruments and is also an arch ery enthusiast. They designed a kiln for yew wood and Worth and I built it, instruments and all. The intricate and costly hu midity control used in the commer cial kilns was replaced by' an extreme ly simple and sensitive one recently invented by Mr. Goss. This has solved one of the hardest problems of heating engineers, namely that of automatically controlling humidity without great expense. It is now on the market in several forms. The first thing it was used for was a device for maintaining prop er humidity in cigar cases. These can now be seen in cigar stores through out the country. A similar device is made for residences and offices. The latest is a set for doctors and hospi tals with which Arizona or any other climate can be brought to the patient. Although this simple humidistat had never been used in a dry kiln it has now proven to be of great value in this field. My present kiln is small and uses electricity for all heating. The opera-

8 tion is somewhat expensive but is safe and requires almost no attention otherthan setting of instruments to tem perature and humidity called for by the drying schedule. When set it will maintain these down to a single de gree. The circulator in the kiln and the dampers in floor and ceiling to ’ change air are also automatic. The first charge consisted of over two hundred high altitude billets of summer cut wood put in soon after cutting. The logs were peeled to re veal defects in the sap wood which were not visible in the bark, and were sawed on a band saw. By this method eight billets can be cut from a log that would yield four or at most six if split and seasoned with the bark on. Bark was left on a few of the billets for comparison. The results seemed to be identical. My last charge from which I have made a score or more of bows was cut last November. The summer cut wood was as good if not better. The billets were tied togetherin pairs at each end with a one inch block in the center, thus giving re flex. The temperature of the first charge was kept under 110 degrees Fahren heit and the time required to reduce to seven per cent was about seven weeks. Commercial kilns run as high as 210 degrees without injury, but as the low temperature “does the trick” it will probably be adhered to for the present at least. Tests were made continually of the moisture content of the billets and the decrease in air humidity in the kiln regulated by the results of these tests. In this way unequal shrinkage of the outside and inside of the pieces of wood is avoided and maximum tough ness insured. Aid dried wood being subject to changing humidity due to seasons canont possibly retain its full

Yi$ Sylvan Archer

toughness although if conditions are good it may closely approach it. For best results wood should be put in the kiln green although I have “finished up” wood that had been un seasoned from one to three years. Have also reconditioned bows that have “followed the string” badly. No conclusions have been reached yet as to the permanence of this recondition ing, although it certainly brings up the drawing weight. In the past year I have made about 100 bows or 50 each from air-seasoned and kiln dried wood and to say that kiln-drying is an improvement would be putting it very mildly. Have had almost no breakage with the new wood although it has been drier and with better cast. Time required for tillering has been cut in half because caution in “breaking in” is no longer necessary noi- do these bows get out of tiller during the first thousand shots. Repeated weighing of some of my best bows over periods of three months of use has shown no loss of weight nor “drooping” whatever. Oth ers of somewhat inferior wood have shown but very slight loss compared to air dried bows. These bows may absorb moisture and lose cast but I have not noticed a bit of loss so far and keeping in a dry-warm place would easily keep them in condition. My first experi mental flight bow, although not prop erly shaped, cast a heavy fir target arrow 300 yards and seemed to hold its own with bows shot by several of the Oregon flight experts. The possibilities of kiln dried bows have hardly been touched while those of ai rdried have been practically ex hausted. My next experiment is to be with arrow wood and Mr. Goss assures me this will respond equally well to the

May, 1931.

same treatment. The use of gold leaf on kiln dried arrows to prevent chang ing weight and spine will be a part of this experiment. I predict that in a few years bows and arrows twice as good as the best now available may be had for half the price and that archers will number thousands instead of hundreds.

MICHIGAN ARCHERS’ ASSOCIATION The first event on the year’s pro gram of the Michigan State Archers’ association was held March 29th at Yost Field House, Ann Arbor. The Michigan archers were delighted to have such a large number of Ohio archers with them at their first shoot of the year. G. L. Snow, Toledo, Ohio, was first in the double American round with a score of 171-1003; W. J. Mattox, also of Toledo, was second with a 164-966 score; K. E. Palmatier of Kalamazoo was third with 169941. Mrs. Cousino of Toledo, Ohio, lead the women archers in the double Columbia round with a score of 134792; Mrs. Stroud, Wayland, Michigan, was second with 120-662; and Miss French of Ann Arbor third with 113571. Mr. Mattox had a perfect end at 40 yards during the second round and Mrs. Cousino made 5 golds and a 7 at 30 yards the last round. During the coming tournament sea son probably we shall not publish as many scores as some of our subscrib ers would wish but we feel that, since most of the associations are affiliat ing with the National Association and have their scores published in the as sociation bulletin, we should leave most of the publishing of scores to Mr. Smith. Mr. Smith is doing a fine piece of work for archery and all

9 archers should support him by sub scribing for the bulletin. WHAT IS A BILLET? Mr. C. L. Smith of Elkton, Oregon, asks us, “What' constitutes a billet in archery parlance? Is a billet a piece of wood 3% to 4 feet long and 2 inches square for making one limb of a graft ed bow or does it have to be large enough to be ripped in two in order to constitute a billet? What is the difference between a stave and a billet in archery nomenclature?” Archers often refer to a stick that may be ripped to make the two limbs of a bow as a billet but we believe that usually when there is enough wood for the two limbs we call it a “pair of billets.” A stave is a full length stick for a self bow. If we have misinformed Mr. Smith we wish to be corrected.

Much regretted by a host of friends, Mr. Fred B. Lushington died March 14th at Seattle, Washington, after a brief illness. “Fred” as he was gen erally known was one of the founders of the Seattle Archery club in the autumn of 1924, of which organization he was always a faithful supporter. His breezy personality attracted and held a wide acquaintance in archery circles. The funeral was largely at tended, amongst the pall-bearers be ing three of his old club-mates, C. L. Moore, R. E. West and J. H. Denison. Attracting much notice amongst the floral tributes was a beautifully de signed piece sent by the newly organ ized “Seattle Bowmen,” the centre composed of daffodils with red carna tions forming a drawn bow.

The major archery shoot on the Pa cific Coast this summer will be the Pacific Coast championship tourna ment to be held on Buckman Field (Portland) under the auspices of the Portland Archery club.

Ye Sylvan Archer

Pinehurst Archery Tournament, Mar. 17-20 By James Duff, Field Captain tinually raising and tipping it to a “Nothing can be finer than to be in Carolina in the morning,” so runs the steady salutation of “Good morning, words of a popular refrain, but we sah.” It is a great part of the coun note that it does not specify any par try with its wonderful foliage of beau ticular morning. With 30 archers tiful pines, and miles of peach trees ready for a start on Tuesday the in full blossom, a view to delight the prospects looked mighty fine, and with heart of anyone. Of the shooting the promise of at least another dozen range itself, it is enough to state that from Greensboro for the following day we felt assured of having a great it was an ideal polo ground, without any of the usua restrictions. After time. But alas, Tuesday morning was each day’s shooting we simply crossed colder than we get it in the north, and the range and watched polo matches, a whirlpool sort of wind right behind tent pegging contests and on one day the targets made good shooting utter horse racing, and of course, where ly impossible as the scores sent in will one was interested in the game the show. Thursday we started off to a usua number of ball chasers known steady drizzle of rain, and had it not as golfers. This annual tournament been for the local weather prophets should easily become one of the most who seemed to know what to expect, popular in this America of ours, and the tournament would have been will become so just as soon as the called off for that day at least. As it archer begins to understand. The turned out the afternoon proved to Pinehurst Country club members are be as near to perfection as one could wish for, the Wednesday, although a ideal hosts and one hopes that we may little too cold for archery comfort, be honored by being allowed to re was a bright sunshiny day. turn at a season when the weather returns to normal. Despite the poor scores which I think I have somewhat accounted for, I here enclose top scores with a list we had a great tournament and en of the solid silver plate winners. To joyed what is recognized as a real give the others would not perhaps be Southern hospitality. Indeed I wore desirable or an any rate I would not out a perfectly good Stetson, by con- , want my name among them.

Total 2nd York 1st Amer. 2nd Amer. ..1965 108-506 513 548 ..1576 86-330 469 454 ..1535 455 81-335 498 LADIES Total 1st Not. 2nd Nat. 2nd Col. 1st Col. Bernice Burton ..1052 ..51-191 64—298 59-265 58-298 Katherine Linderman ....983 ..44-156 60-312 53-222 63-293 Charlotte Sewell ....909 ..45-207 59—253 50-230 51-219 WINNERS OF TROPHIES For highest single York A. J. Ellington, Mardison, N. C.

Dr. P. W. Crouch Truman Fowler ... Graham Andrews

1st York ....90-398 ....73-323 ....63-247

May, 1931.

For highest single American Scott Robinson, Greensboro, N. C. For highest single National ........ Bernice Burton, Nashville, Tenn. For highest single Columbia Katherine Linderman, Philadelphia, Pa. LADIES HANDICAP AMERICAN ROUND Miss M. N. Lauter, N. C. C. W., Greensboro, N. C Score—584 Miss Dorothy Davis, N. C. C. W., Greensboro, N. C Score—565 Miss Charlotte Hill, N. C. C. W., Greensboro, N. C Score—543 MEN’S CLOUT SHOOT, 36 ARROWS AT 180 YARDS Scott Robinson, Greensboro, N. C. . Score—34-190 LADIES’ CLOUT SHOOT, 36 ARROWS AT 120 YARDS Miss M. M. Lauter, N. C. C. W., Greensboro, N. C Score—32-208

Spine Controversy Reaches England By John Yates, Blackburn, England I have tried out the spine testers of both Dr. Rawlins and Mr. Morrissey, and am grateful to them for their de signs and to your excellent journal which brought them to my notice. Both are excellent and for ordinary use and ease of construction Dr. Raw lins’ tester is splendid. But Mr. Mor rissey’s tester is a highly scientific machine and invaluable for those who are anxious to possess a perfect rec ord of the spine of their arrows. Here are a few points which occur to me: (1) Should arrows be tested in the centre for spine? Look at any old arrow on the opposite side of the cock feather. There are clear signs that the rear part of the arrow gets the strongest pressure. I suggest that the spot where the greatest bend takes place is that part of the arrow which crosses the bow when the arrow quits the string. At this moment the pile of a 28-inch arrow is about 23 inches ahead of this point and well bent round. The arrow probably receives a glancing blow from the bow close up to the feathers just before losing con tact with the string. It is strange that in these days of high speed cin ematography noone appears to have

taken a slow motion picture of the ar row in flight from the moment of the loose up to the passage of the arrow past the bow. I hope someone will do it soon and then we shall really know all about our old friend “the archer’s paradox.” (2) Different bows require corre sponding degrees of spine. A strong bow requires a stronger spined arrow. (3) In testing for spine the cock feather should point down so that the pressure of the tester weight be in that side of the arrow which receives the pressure from the bow. (4) Does it necessarily follow that these tests reveal true spine? Spine comprises not merely a certain stiff ness (which these testers reveal) but . also a certain elasticity which enables the arrow to return to straight after passing the bow. I suggest that this particular phase is not dealt with by the testers. (5) It does not follow that arrows will fly equally even if one constructs or alters three arrows and obtains the followin gcommon factors: (a) Perfect straightness. (b) Equal balancing points. (c) Equal weight to a grain. (d) Equal spine to a millimeter.

Having done this myself I can as sure you that quite considerable dif ferences were noted. nOe flew con sistently straight but high, one flew low and one flew left. The altered arrows certainly made a closer target pattern than before alteration, but in shooting them it was stil necessary to have three points of aim. Many of your readers will have gone into alterations of arrow spine, baance and weight more closely than I have, and I should be glad if any of them would give their experiences. I have noted several things, but hesitate to offer them as principles to be followed, as so often exceptions to the rule occur. For example an ar row with rather too strong a spine flies right. If weakened it will fly straight. With much too strong a spine it flies left and again if weak ened will fly straight. An arrow which flies low but straight may be made to fly high by thinning out a little towards the feathered end. This sends the balancing point slightly for ward and makes the arrow lighter. But how can one make a high flier fly lower or a weak spined left-flier fly straight? I hope your readers will offer suggestions. In conclusion may I as a modest British Archer offer my heartiest congratulations on ‘the superb scores recently made by your archers in the United States of America. Scout troops, or teams of four arch ers under 18, who are interested in mail competitions with four-boy teams are invited to write to the following: Mr. Howard Meyer, Boy Scout exe cutive; Clifford Elliston, Metropolitan Motor company; Dave Craft, Special ty Products company, all of Tulsa, Oklahoma.

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Ye Syevan Archer THE SPINE OF AN ARROW By James Duff, Jersey City, N. J. Prior to 1912, the expression “Spine of the Arrow” was to the best of my knowledge never seen in print, and seldom used outside of the archery tackle making shops in Britain, but there it was an everyday expression by makers. About the above mentioned year I used the expression in my reply to

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Miss Helen Thompson, Archery In structor at the Greenbrier Golf and Tennis club, White Sulphur Springs, West Virginia. Professor Rendtorff, an dsince then pages if not volumes on the subject have been written until we don’t know where we are today. Whatever the latter day meaning may be taken to be, the original term was a simple reference to the actual return or as to how resile the shaft may be. Rigidity had not place in the thought of those speaking on the sub ject. It was and is well known that

May, 1931. one dozen shafts can be had by care ful selection from many in the making that tested by the best mechanical contrivances the laboratory can or at any rate has so far produced, will be found to be as near- to perfection as the most exacting have any right to demand, and yet by any test known to man they will be found despite our algebraic friends to be anything but consistant eech with the other. If as I understand the newer mean ing of the word is to be taken as de scribing just how stiff the arrow shaft may be under a given pressure, then we will have to find another word for the spine as hitherto known, which is a test of how soon it may return to normal after receiving the sudden pressure with the obvious re sistance at the moment of release. This has always been the great prob lem so far. It is easy to get a set of arrows of equal weight, dimensions and the seemingly modern idea of what constitutes the spine, but if the arrow as it is claimed bends some what on passing the bow, then we are more concerned in getting a set of arrows that will all return the same and at the same given distance. Therein lies the real problem. Our Hickmans, Morrissey’s and Rawlins, are doing more for archery than they probably imagine, and it is real pleasure to sit down after a day’s toil and study the results of their thoughts and works. Each contribu tion means something, and calls for no display of other than friendly in terchanging of views and experimen tal ideas. After' all no matter what you discover try and convince the average archer that there may be any connection with the laboratory and the range, it will be a hard job. Send us the stories of your hunta

VARIOUS COMMENTS Colin J. Cameron writes us as fol lows: “Since my article ‘From a Novice’ was printed I have received many let ters, some agreeing with me and oth ers not. One was absolutely sarcastic, another unsigned. Permit me to say, and you are at liberty to publish this, that on some points where I may be wrong, I am ready to admit. Although it would appear to me much better to have letters signed, I have no objec tion to you printing them, even if they do criticize me severely. It may do me good, in that I have formed a wrong opinion, However, my efforts were sincere.” It was not the editor’s understand ing of his article that Mr. Cameron was criticising any group of archers. Our own opinion is that no archer keeps any “trade secrets” very long. If he is an archer he is too enthusias tic about the game to keep anything he learns a secret. Mr. Carl Thompson of the Archers company says, “To shoot straight and in consistent accuracy is a matter of ordinary every day horse sense and not a confusion of mysterious and complicated theories. If help is desired fro mone who is respected as an ex pert, it should be requested with an open mind and a willingness to absorb

Archery display by Peru, Ill., Arch ery club, which attracted much atten tion. The picture was sent to us by Earl D. Seaton, of Peru.

14 the information. Otherwise the help should not be asked.” Stanley Spencer says, “Why, oh, why, do they fill up so much space writing about the spine of arrows and just how to bend them around the bow, instead of making a rigid arrow and learning how to shoot it?”

Ye Sylvan Archer

Classified A ds ALUMINUM NOCKS; dozen 90c, hundred $6.00; and parallel steel points; dozen 50c, hundred $3.25. Sizes U", 9/32", 5/16". State size. C. M. Huntley, 6555 19th Ave., N. E., Se attle, Washington.

FOR SALE — Six foot yew wood The fourth annual target meeting . bow, 32 lb. pull, $25. Six foot yew wood bow, 28 lb. pull, $5. Mrs. B. A. of the Missouri Valley Archery associ Bradley, 143 Rainier Ave., Bremer ation will be held, May 30th and 31st, ton, Wash. at Forest Park, St. Louis, Mo. Events LINEN BOW STRINGS of finest will be the single American, single quality. Handspun, reinforced, served. York, and flight for men; the Colum Strings with two regulation, rein bia, National and flight for women; forced, handspun loops, eliminating Hereford and American fpr intermed tie-off, made to order. Worn strings duplicated. Write for measurement iates; and the double junior American instructions and prices. Gorman Mc round for juniors. On May 31st an Millan, Canandaigua, New York. archery golf contest, open to all, will be held. Further information may be Eagle wings for fletching, $1.00 each, postpaid, insured. J. D. Allen, secured from the president, A. H. Wy taxidermist, Mandan. N. D. man, 1114 Louderman building, St. Louis, Mo. ARROWS, spruce shaft, full fibre nock, black -walnut footing, parallel head; finished, 5/16x28", $1.00 each. An archery club has been organized W. T. Rickards, 8632 So. Throop St., at Purdue university, Lafayette, In Chicago, Ill. diana, with a membership of 21 stu dents. During the winter the club SPECIALS—Carved, polished 7/16" Steer Horn Bow Ends, 75c per pair; shot one night a week with a tourna Plated small game hunting heads, 25c ment at the end of each month. each. SPECIALTY PRODUCTS CO., 918 South Main Street, Tulsa, Okla A new archery club, The Humboldt homa. Wholesale and retail archery Bowmen, has been organized at the tackle and raw materials. Humboldt State Teachers’ College, Arcata, California. Special Introductory Offer Perfectly matched spruce or poplar target arrows having parallel piles, The Cleveland Indoor Archery as cut (not stripped) feathers, highly sociation publishes an interesting sixcrested and polished. Per doz. $5.50. page bulletin telling of the activities Send for price list. W. Stanford E. of the association. Baer, 158 Derby St., Johnstown, PaL_____________________________________ ___________ -J

GEO. BROMMERS

Box 1164—San Pedro, Cal. Raw Materials Exclusively. - Write for new list of Specials! -

— BARNES — Maker of fine archery tackle. Making bows for expert archers everywhere. Made at BARNES ARCHERY SHOP 601 N. 4th St., Sturgis, Mich.

May, 1931.

From the standpoint of health there are few sports as beneficial—especial ly to women—as archery. It promotes an expansion of the lungs, a full ex cursion of the diaphragm, and a gen eral toning up of the vital organs without the least possibility of strain. It trains the eye, helps in the judging of distance, promotes the coordination of the muscular system and an ac curate time of the nerve impulses to the muscular. The sport is clean, wholesome, invigorating and sociable. It is confined not alone to gymna siums and club rooms; it is one of the best possible pastimes and entei-tainments on picnics and summer vaca tions.—Dr. Geo. A. Cathey.

We acknowledge receipt of a sam ple “Flandrish” bow string from J. Schwarz and Bruder of Vienna, Aus tria. The editor has the string on his favorite bow and is trying it out.

— OUR LEADER — Lemonwood bow, five to six feet, any weight to forty pounds, horn nocks, gimp handle, linen string — $8.50.

Frank Kindle Pendleton, Ind.

303 Pearl St.

Try a Morgan Bow —o---

The Old Archery Shoppe PORT ORFORD CEDAR target ar rows, matched for spine, aluminum nocks, and feathers, varnished and crested. Per dozen, $7.50, each 75c. P. O. cedar knocked down sets $1.75 to $3.75, postpaid. Earl Hoyt, Jr., 6424 Glenmore, St. Louis, Mo.

SPORT°4^C^AFT

OUR ILLUSTRATED CATALOG CONTAINS DETAILED INSTRUCTIONS FOR MAKINGLEMONWOOD BOWS. YEW BOWS. SELF ARROWS. FOOTED ARROWS

711 BEECH STREET

■■■

BLETCHER LITTLE ROCK. ARK.

The Greatest Value Regardless of Price Finished and partly finished tackle made on your order. A complete line of select raw materials.

AR CHE RY WILLIAM $. MORGAN

517 N. Ainsworth, Tacoma, Wash.

Jas. D. Easton |

4303 Halldale Ave., Los Angeles, California

McKinney brothers For the Finest Yew-wood staves and billets, $2.50 to $9.00. When you make a bow, you want the best yew-wood you can get. To be sure the wood you buy is the best, get it from us.

McKinney brothers REED, OREGON'

I Ye Sylvan Archer

16 LAY ALLOY ARROWS are guaran teed to group closer and make higher scores than the arrows you now have. Full refund if they do not. You are the judge. $13.00 a dozen, any length. Nat Lay, 2801 Big Bend Bl., Maple wood, Mo.

1931 CATA LOGUE

The Acme Bow Sight

Will increase your scores. Adjust able for elevation and windage. For distances up to 60 yards. $1.00 For distances up to 180 yards, $2.00 The most practical sight yet devised for accurate shooting.

RE QUEST 65% of its pages are devoted to interesting and valuable in formation about archery. We sell a complete line of archery supplies and a high grade line of finished bows and arrows, reliably uniform, by the carload or in single units.

The H. J. Reeb Co. 434 N. 24th St. East St. Louis, Ill.

OSAGE ORANGE Logs, Staves, Billets Wholesale—Retail

OUR

THE ARCHERY COMPANY Pinehurst, North Carolina V

Dr. Rawlins Spine Tester Feathering Tools Everything in Archery Tackle & Supplies ARCHERY SALES and SERVICE Co. 510 Van Buren St., Chicago

Make your own bows andarrows- 1 then you ’ll know the real pleasures of archery. 1 1 1

Dozen

natua] Site.

R-epaict A light weight yet rugged allpurpose hunting point, 25c each. Satisfaction guaranteed. Wholesale prices on request HUGO BUCKNER 115 W. 8th St., Hanford, Calif.

TAMES DUFF has been doing | it for 40 years. In his useful J book, BOWS AND ARROWS, he tells you all about the suitable woods, how they must be cut and seasoned, what parts of the wood to use, how to cut out, work down and finish the arrows, how to fit the bow-strings, tip and feather the arrows, and how to shoot accurately and well. 191 pages, 22 illustra tions. 02.00 postpaid from YE SYLVAN ARCHER Box 156, Corvallis, Ore.

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npHE QUALITY of one’s products can always be deterX mined by the quality of one’s patronage. The archers and bow-makers desiring the best to be had, are usually to be found at the “top of the heap.” You, who are interested in raw materials should read what the leading archers and bow-makers say of the ULLRICH products, Yew-wood and Port Orford Cedar. New 1931 price list.

Earl L. Ullrich 204 Commercial Avenue

Roseburg, Oregon

BACK NUMBERS FOR NEW SUBSCRIPTIONS We have on hand about a hundred complete volumes of the first and second volumes and a few more of the third volume which we will give for subscriptions as follows:

1 Complete set (unbound) of volume one for five subscriptions. I Complete set (unbound) of volume two for five subscriptions. 1 Complete set (unbound) of volume three for five subscriptions.

YE SYLVAN ARCHER

Box 156, Corvallis, Oregon

“Archery” By Robert P. Elmer, M. D. This thorough and exhaustive book on Archery should be in the library of every archery club. 456 pages, 30 half tones, many line drawings................................... Price $5.00

“Bows and Arrows” By James Duff

Every archer who knows of Jimmie Duff (and where is an an archer who doesn’t?) realizes the value of anything this experienced archer has to say on the subject. At this rea sonable price every archer should have a copy of this book........................................................................ Price $2.00 Send orders to

YE SYLVAN ARCHER Box 156, Corvallis, Oregon

JAMES DUFF Archery Manufacturer The foremost experienced Archery Maker living, trained in the best Archery schools of the past century, and making archery tackle since 1892.

Retail Only 130 Zabriskie Street

Jersey City, N. J.

CASSIUS HAYWARD STYLES 75 Roble Road Berkeley, California

Bows and Arrows for Discriminating Archers Circular on Request