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CompTIA®

PenTest+ Study Guide

CompTIA®

Mike Chapple
David Seidl

Senior Acquisitions Editor: Kenyon Brown

Development Editor: Jim Compton

Technical Editor: Jeff Parker

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Copyright © 2019 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Indianapolis, Indiana

Published simultaneously in Canada

ISBN: 978-1-119-50422-1

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ISBN: 978-1-119-50424-5 (ebk.)

Manufactured in the United States of America

No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning or otherwise, except as permitted under Sections 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without either the prior written permission of the Publisher, or authorization through payment of the appropriate per-copy fee to the Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, (978) 750-8400, fax (978) 6468600. Requests to the Publisher for permission should be addressed to the Permissions Department, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030, (201) 748-6011, fax (201) 748-6008, or online at http://www.wiley.com/go/permissions

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TRADEMARKS: Wiley, the Wiley logo, and the Sybex logo are trademarks or registered trademarks of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and/or its affiliates, in the United States and other countries, and may not be used without written permission. CompTIA and PenTest+ are trademarks or registered trademarks of CompTIA, Inc. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. is not associated with any product or vendor mentioned in this book.

This book is dedicated to Ron Kraemer—a mentor, friend, and wonderful boss.

Acknowledgments

Books like this involve work from many people, and as authors, we truly appreciate the hard work and dedication that the team at Wiley shows. We would especially like to thank Senior Acquisitions Editor Kenyon Brown. We have worked with Ken on multiple projects and consistently enjoy our work with him.

We also greatly appreciated the editing and production team for the book, including Jim Compton, our developmental editor, whose prompt and consistent oversight got this book out the door, and Christine O’Connor, our production editor, who guided us through layouts, formatting, and final cleanup to produce a great book. We’d also like to thank our technical editor, Jeff Parker, who provided us with thought-provoking questions and technical insight throughout the process. We would also like to thank the many behind-thescenes contributors, including the graphics, production, and technical teams who make the book and companion materials into a finished product.

Our agent, Carole Jelen of Waterside Productions, continues to provide us with wonderful opportunities, advice, and assistance throughout our writing careers.

Finally, we would like to thank our families, friends, and significant others who support us through the late evenings, busy weekends, and long hours that a book like this requires to write, edit, and get to press.

About the Authors

Mike Chapple, PhD, Security+, CISSP, CISA, PenTest+, CySA+, is an associate teaching professor of IT, analytics, and operations at the University of Notre Dame. He is also the academic director of the University’s master’s program in business analytics.

Mike is a cybersecurity professional with over 20 years of experience in the field. Prior to his current role, Mike served as senior director for IT service delivery at Notre Dame, where he oversaw the University’s cybersecurity program, cloud computing efforts, and other areas. Mike also previously served as chief information officer of Brand Institute and an information security researcher with the National Security Agency and the U.S. Air Force.

Mike is a frequent contributor to several magazines and websites and is the author or coauthor of more than 25 books, including CISSP Official (ISC) 2 Study Guide, CISSP Official (ISC) 2 Practice Tests, CompTIA CySA+ Study Guide: Exam CS0-001, and CompTIA CySA+ Practice Tests: Exam CS0-001, all from Wiley, and Cyberwarfare: Information Operations in a Connected World (Jones and Bartlett, 2014).

Mike offers free study groups for the PenTest+, CySA+, Security+, CISSP, and SSCP certifications at his website, certmike.com.

David Seidl, CISSP, PenTest+, CySA+, GCIH, GPEN, is the senior director for campus technology services at the University of Notre Dame. As the senior director for CTS, David is responsible for Amazon AWS cloud operations, virtualization, enterprise storage, platform and operating system support, database and ERP administration and services, identity and access management, application services, enterprise content management, digital signage, labs, lecterns, and academic printing and a variety of other services and systems.

During his over 22 years in information technology, David has served in a variety of leadership, technical, and information security roles, including leading Notre Dame’s information security team as director of information security. He has written books on security certification and cyberwarfare, including coauthoring CompTIA CySA+ Study Guide: Exam CS0-001, CompTIA CySA+ Practice Tests: Exam CS0-001, and CISSP (ISC) 2 Official Practice Tests from Wiley and Cyberwarfare: Information Operations in a Connected World (Jones and Bartlett, 2014).

David holds a bachelor’s degree in communication technology and a master’s degree in information security from Eastern Michigan University.

Contents at a Glance

Introduction

The CompTIA PenTest+ Study Guide: Exam PT0-001 provides accessible explanations and real-world knowledge about the exam objectives that make up the PenTest+ certification. This book will help you to assess your knowledge before taking the exam, as well as provide a stepping stone to further learning in areas where you may want to expand your skill set or expertise.

Before you tackle the PenTest+ exam, you should already be a security practitioner. CompTIA suggests that test-takers should have intermediate-level skills based on their cybersecurity pathway. You should also be familiar with at least some of the tools and techniques described in this book. You don’t need to know every tool, but understanding how to use existing experience to approach a new scenario, tool, or technology that you may not know is critical to passing the PenTest+ exam.

CompTIA

CompTIA is a nonprofit trade organization that offers certification in a variety of IT areas, ranging from the skills that a PC support technician needs, which are covered in the A+ exam, to advanced certifications like the CompTIA Advanced Security Practitioner, or CASP, certification. CompTIA divides its exams into three categories based on the skill level required for the exam and what topics it covers, as shown in the following table:

Beginner/Novice Intermediate Advanced IT Fundamentals

A+

Network+

Security+

CySA+ PenTest+ CASP

CompTIA recommends that practitioners follow a cybersecurity career path that begins with the IT fundamentals and A+ exam and proceeds to include the Network+ and Security+ credentials to complete the foundation. From there, cybersecurity professionals may choose the PenTest+ and/or Cybersecurity Analyst+ (CySA+) certifications before attempting the CompTIA Advanced Security Practitioner (CASP) certification as a capstone credential. The CySA+ and PenTest+ exams are more advanced exams, intended for professionals with hands-on experience who also possess the knowledge covered by the prior exams.

CompTIA certifications are ISO and ANSI accredited, and they are used throughout multiple industries as a measure of technical skill and knowledge. In addition, CompTIA certifications, including the Security+ and the CASP, have been approved by the U.S. government as Information Assurance baseline certifications and are included in the State Department’s Skills Incentive Program.

The PenTest+ Exam

The PenTest+ exam is designed to be a vendor-neutral certification for penetration testers. It is designed to assess current penetration testing, vulnerability assessment, and vulnerability management skills with a focus on network resiliency testing. Successful test-takers will prove their ability plan and scope assessments, handle legal and compliance requirements, and perform vulnerability scanning and penetration testing activities using a variety of tools and techniques, and then analyze the results of those activities.

It covers five major domains:

1. Planning and Scoping

2. Information Gathering and Vulnerability Identification

3. Attacks and Exploits

4. Penetration Testing Tools

5. Reporting and Communication

These five areas include a range of subtopics, from scoping penetration tests to performing host enumeration and exploits, while focusing heavily on scenario-based learning.

The PenTest+ exam fits between the entry-level Security+ exam and the CompTIA Advanced Security Practitioner (CASP) certification, providing a mid-career certification for those who are seeking the next step in their certification and career path while specializing in penetration testing or vulnerability management.

The PenTest+ exam is conducted in a format that CompTIA calls “performance-based assessment.” This means that the exam uses hands-on simulations using actual security tools and scenarios to perform tasks that match those found in the daily work of a security practitioner. There may be multiple types of exam questions, such as multiple-choice, fillin-the-blank, multiple-response, drag-and-drop, and image-based problems.

CompTIA recommends that test-takers have three or four years of information security–related experience before taking this exam and that they have taken the Security+ exam or have equivalent experience, including technical, hands-on expertise. The exam costs $346 in the United States, with roughly equivalent prices in other locations around the globe. More details about the PenTest+ exam and how to take it can be found at https://certification.comptia.org/certifications/pentest

Study and Exam Preparation Tips

A test preparation book like this cannot teach you every possible security software package, scenario, and specific technology that may appear on the exam. Instead, you should focus on whether you are familiar with the type or category of technology, tool, process, or scenario presented as you read the book. If you identify a gap, you may want to find additional tools to help you learn more about those topics.

Additional resources for hands-on exercises include the following:

Exploit-Exercises.com provides virtual machines, documentation, and challenges covering a wide range of security issues at https://exploit-exercises.com/.

Hacking-Lab provides capture-the-flag (CTF) exercises in a variety of fields at https://www.hacking-lab.com/index.html.

The OWASP Hacking Lab provides excellent web application–focused exercises at https://www.owasp.org/index.php/OWASP_Hacking_Lab.

PentesterLab provides a subscription-based access to penetration testing exercises at https://www.pentesterlab.com/exercises/.

The InfoSec Institute provides online capture-the-flag activities with bounties for written explanations of successful hacks at http://ctf.infosecinstitute.com/

Since the exam uses scenario-based learning, expect the questions to involve analysis and thought rather than relying on simple memorization. As you might expect, it is impossible to replicate that experience in a book, so the questions here are intended to help you be confident that you know the topic well enough to think through hands-on exercises.

Taking the Exam

Once you are fully prepared to take the exam, you can visit the CompTIA website to purchase your exam voucher: www.comptiastore.com/Articles.asp?ID=265&category=vouchers

CompTIA partners with Pearson VUE’s testing centers, so your next step will be to locate a testing center near you. In the United States, you can do this based on your address or your zip code, while non-U.S. test-takers may find it easier to enter their city and country. You can search for a test center near you at http://www.pearsonvue.com/comptia/locate/

Now that you know where you’d like to take the exam, simply set up a Pearson VUE testing account and schedule an exam: https://certification.comptia.org/testing/schedule-exam

On the day of the test, take two forms of identification, and make sure to show up with plenty of time before the exam starts. Remember that you will not be able to take your notes, electronic devices (including smartphones and watches), or other materials in with you.

After the PenTest+ Exam

Once you have taken the exam, you will be notified of your score immediately, so you’ll know if you passed the test right away. You should keep track of your score report with your exam registration records and the email address you used to register for the exam. If you’ve passed, you’ll receive a handsome certificate, similar to the one shown here:

Maintaining Your Certification

CompTIA certifications must be renewed on a periodic basis. To renew your certification, you can either pass the most current version of the exam, earn a qualifying higher-level CompTIA or industry certification, or complete sufficient continuing education activities to earn enough continuing education units (CEUs) to renew it.

CompTIA provides information on renewals via their website at https://certification.comptia.org/continuing-education/how-to-renew

When you sign up to renew your certification, you will be asked to agree to the CE program’s Code of Ethics, to pay a renewal fee, and to submit the materials required for your chosen renewal method.

A full list of the industry certifications you can use to acquire CEUs toward renewing the PenTest+ can be found at

https://certification.comptia.org/continuing-education/choose/renewaloptions

What Does This Book Cover?

This book is designed to cover the five domains included in the PenTest+ exam:

Chapter 1: Penetration Testing Learn the basics of penetration testing as you begin an in-depth exploration of the field. In this chapter, you will learn why organizations conduct penetration testing and the role of the penetration test in a cybersecurity program.

Chapter 2: Planning and Scoping Penetration Tests Proper planning is critical to a penetration test. In this chapter you will learn how to define the rules of engagement, scope, budget, and other details that need to be determined before a penetration test starts. Details of contracts, compliance and legal concerns, and authorization are all discussed so that you can make sure you are covered before a test starts.

Chapter 3: Information Gathering Gathering information is one of the earliest stages of a penetration test. In this chapter you will learn how to gather open-source intelligence (OSINT) via passive means. Once you have OSINT, you can leverage the active scanning and enumeration techniques and tools you will learn about in the second half of the chapter.

Chapter 4: Vulnerability Scanning Managing vulnerabilities helps to keep your systems secure. In this chapter you will learn how to conduct vulnerability scans and use them as an important information source for penetration testing.

Chapter 5: Analyzing Vulnerability Scans Vulnerability reports can contain huge amounts of data about potential problems with systems. In this chapter you will learn how to read and analyze a vulnerability scan report, what CVSS scoring is and what it means, as well as how to choose the appropriate actions to remediate the issues you have found. Along the way, you will explore common types of vulnerabilities, their impact on systems and networks, and how they might be exploited during a penetration test.

Chapter 6: Exploit and Pivot Once you have a list of vulnerabilities, you can move on to prioritizing the exploits based on the likelihood of success and availability of attack methods. In this chapter you will explore common attack techniques and tools and when to use them. Once you have gained access, you can pivot to other systems or networks that may not have been accessible previously. You will learn tools and techniques that are useful for lateral movement once you’re inside of a network’s security boundaries, how to cover your tracks, and how to hide the evidence of your efforts.

Chapter 7: Exploiting Network Vulnerabilities Penetration testers often start with network attacks against common services. In this chapter you will explore the most frequently attacked services, including NetBIOS, SMB, SNMP, and others. You will learn about man-in-themiddle attacks, network-specific techniques, and how to attack wireless networks and systems.

Chapter 8: Exploiting Physical and Social Vulnerabilities Humans are the most vulnerable part of an organization’s security posture, and penetration testers need to know how to exploit the human element of an organization. In this chapter you will explore social engineering methods, motivation techniques, and social engineering tools. Once you know how to leverage human behavior, you will explore how to gain and leverage physical access to buildings and other secured areas.

Chapter 9: Exploiting Application Vulnerabilities Applications are the go-to starting point for testers and hackers alike. If an attacker can break through the security of a web application and access the backend systems supporting that application, they often have the starting point they need to wage a full-scale attack. In this chapter we examine many of the application vulnerabilities that are commonly exploited during penetration tests.

Chapter 10: Exploiting Host Vulnerabilities Attacking hosts relies on understanding operating system–specific vulnerabilities for Windows and Linux as well as common problems found on almost all operating systems. In this chapter you will explore privilege escalation, OS-specific exploits, sandbox escape, physical device security, credential capture, and password recovery tools. You will also explore a variety of tools you can leverage to compromise a host or exploit it further once you have access.

Chapter 11: Scripting for Penetration Testing Scripting languages provide a means to automate the repetitive tasks of penetration testing. Penetration testers do not need to be software engineers. Generally speaking, pen-testers don’t write extremely lengthy code or develop applications that will be used by many other people. The primary development skill that a penetration tester should acquire is the ability to read fairly simple scripts written in a variety of common languages and adapt them to their own unique needs. That’s what we’ll explore in this chapter.

Chapter 12: Reporting and Communication Penetration tests are only useful to the organization if the penetration testers are able to effectively communicate the state of the organization to management and technical staff. In this chapter we turn our attention to that crucial final phase of a penetration test: reporting and communicating our results.

Practice Exam Once you have completed your studies, the practice exam will provide you with a chance to test your knowledge. Use this exam to find places where you may need to study more or to verify that you are ready to tackle the exam. We’ll be rooting for you!

Appendix: Answers to Chapter Review Questions The Appendix has answers to the review questions you will find at the end of each chapter.

Objective Mapping

The following listing summarizes how the major Pentest+ objective areas map to the chapters in this book. If you want to study a specific domain, this mapping can help you identify where to focus your reading.

Planning and Scoping: Chapter 2

Information Gathering and Vulnerability Identification: Chapters 3, 4, 5, 6, 10

Attacks and Exploits: Chapters 6, 7, 8, 9, 10

Penetration Testing Tools: Chapters 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12

Reporting and Communications: Chapter 12

Later in this introduction you’ll find a detailed map showing where every objective topic is covered.

The book is written to build your knowledge as you progress through it, so starting at the beginning is a good idea. Each chapter includes notes on important content and practice questions to help you test your knowledge. Once you are ready, a complete practice test is provided to assess your knowledge.

Study Guide Elements

This study guide uses a number of common elements to help you prepare. These include the following:

Summaries The summary section of each chapter briefly explains the chapter, allowing you to easily understand what it covers.

Exam Essentials The exam essentials focus on major exam topics and critical knowledge that you should take into the test. The exam essentials focus on the exam objectives provided by CompTIA.

Chapter Review Questions A set of questions at the end of each chapter will help you assess your knowledge and whether you are ready to take the exam based on your knowledge of that chapter’s topics.

Lab Exercises The lab exercises provide more in-depth practice opportunities to expand your skills and to better prepare for performance-based testing on the PenTest+ exam.

Real-World Scenarios The real-world scenarios included in each chapter tell stories and provide examples of how topics in the chapter look from the point of view of a security professional. They include current events, personal experience, and approaches to actual problems.

Interactive Online Learning Environment

The interactive online learning environment that accompanies CompTIA PenTest+ Study Guide: Exam PT0-001 provides a test bank with study tools to help you prepare for the certification exam—and increase your chances of passing it the fi rst time! The test bank includes the following elements:

Sample Tests All of the questions in this book are provided, including the assessment test, which you’ll find at the end of this introduction, and the chapter tests that include the review questions at the end of each chapter. In addition, there is a practice exam. Use these questions to test your knowledge of the study guide material. The online test bank runs on multiple devices.

Flashcards Questions are provided in digital fl ashcard format (a question followed by a single correct answer). You can use the fl ashcards to reinforce your learning and provide last-minute test prep before the exam.

Other Study Tools A glossary of key terms from this book and their defi nitions is available as a fully searchable PDF.

Go to http://www.wiley.com/go/sybextestprep to register and gain access to this interactive online learning environment and test bank with study tools.

CompTIA PenTest+ Certification Exam

Objectives

The CompTIA PenTest+ Study Guide has been written to cover every PenTest+ exam objective at a level appropriate to its exam weighting. The following table provides a breakdown of this book’s exam coverage, showing you the weight of each section and the chapter where each objective or subobjective is covered. Domain

1.0 Planning and Scoping

2.0 Information Gathering and Vulnerability

3.0 Attacks and Exploits

4.0

5.0

1.0 Planning and Scoping

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“The excellence of the novel lies not in its characters, not in its plot, which is always stirring, but in the way the plot works out of the characters. This stamps it as first-class work.”

Boston Transcript p4 Je 2 ’20 520w

“Mr Titus knows his subject; he writes with a facile pen, and ‘The last straw’ will be keenly enjoyed by all lovers of western adventure tales.”

N Y Times 25:221 My 2 ’20 550w

TODD, ARTHUR JAMES. Scientific spirit and social work. *$2 Macmillan 361

“Prof. A. J. Todd, in his new book, points out that for 25 years social work has been professionalizing itself. He shows how modern social work enlarges the ‘rights of man, ’ how it contributes to social progress, and what qualifications in character and training it demands of those who have entered it as a vocation.” Springf’d Republican

“A most readable book for social workers”

Booklist 16:190 Mr ’20

“The book, like some others based on college lectures, achieves an effect of reasoning by interpellation of ‘then,’ ‘therefore,’ ‘it follows,’ ‘and to sum up ’ and contains frequent adjurations to ‘hard thinking’ without corresponding performance. Much of the material is a trifle obvious.”

“In matters of detail we find much with which we differ. But all trained social workers and all teachers of applied sociology will welcome this vigorous, powerful statement of the principles and methods and ideals of social work.” J. E. Hagerty

Survey 43:621 F 21 ’20 650w

The Times [London] Lit Sup p244 Ap 15 ’20 40w

TOMLINSON, H. M. Old junk. *$2 (5c) Knopf 910

(Eng ed 19–15918)

This collection of sketches and essays has been reprinted from various publications between January, 1907 and April, 1918. They contain impressions and reminiscences from many lands and seas. S. K. Ratcliffe in his foreword to the volume, says of the author: “Among all the men writing in England today there is none known to us whose work reveals a more indubitable sense of the harmonies of imaginative prose. ” The last seven of the papers reveal the author as war-correspondent. Among the contents are: The African coast; Old junk; The pit mouth; The art of writing; The derelict; The Lascar’s walking stick; On leave; A division on the march; The ruins.

“It is at times like these that we find it extraordinary comfort to have in our midst a citizen of the sea, a writer like Mr H. M. Tomlinson. We feel that he is calm, not because he has renounced life, but because he lives in the memory of that solemn gesture with

which the sea blesses or dismisses or destroys her own. The breath of the sea sounds in all his writings.” K. M.

Ath p205 Ap 18 ’19 700w

Booklist 16:235 Ap ’20

“One opens this book at random and finds sentences, paragraphs, whole pages that are at once a delight and a despair: a delight because they are well, delightful; and a despair because, peer as you may, you cannot discover the secret of their making.” J: Bunker

Bookm

51:474 Je ’20 1050w

“For a set of essays written on land and sea, ‘Old Junk’ is a misleading title. Mr Tomlinson is an artist to whom ‘the light that never was ’ is plainly visible. His descriptions of two voyages, one along the African coast, and the other, the more familiar passage across the Atlantic, are marvelous prose. ” C. H.

Boston Transcript p6 Mr 3 ’20

600w

“Delicate and helpless in his gestures, he yet is enduringly accurate in imagination. His images are of that excellent variety which send your eye to the corner of the ceiling for testing and reflection and acceptance.”

Nation 111:305 S 11 ’20 180w

“No one has the right to look knowing when literature is mentioned unless he is fully aware of Mr H. M. Tomlinson.” Rebecca West

Repub 19:332 Jl 9 ’19 1400w

“A collection of stories of travel and chance which open out to the reader new visions of the sea and all that thereon is.”

Sat R 127:428 My 3 ’19 70w

“Several of his papers deal with the war. He does not describe the fighting, but its effect on those who come back from it how it disgusts them with life, how it works in them a change, not outwardly perceptible, which makes them strangers to their own kith and kin. All this is admirably thought and said, and so is a tribute to ‘the nobodies’ who restore the balance of the world when it has been upset by the highly placed.”

The Times [London] Lit Sup p181 Ap 3 ’19 500w

TOMPKINS, DANIEL AUGUSTUS. Builder of the new South; being the story of his life work, by George Tayloe Winston. il *$3 Doubleday

20–18666

The new South, says the author, is not the achievement of educational and religious missionaries but of industrial forces which are epitomized in the life of Daniel Augustus Tompkins. “He built a new South—of mills and factories, of skilled labor and machinery, of diversified and intensified agriculture, of improved railways and

highways, of saving banks and building and loan associations a new South also of public schools, technical colleges, and expanding universities, of independent journalism and independent thought a new South of universal education and democracy.” (Author’s summary of the contents of the book)

“Describes a strong character and an important movement in American history.”

Booklist 17:114 D ’20

N Y Evening Post p18 O 23 ’20 240w

TOMPKINS, JULIET WILBOR (MRS JULIET WILBOR [TOMPKINS] POTTLE).

Joanna builds a nest. il *$1.75 Bobbs

20–18300

“Joanna is a competent business woman, attractive, and with a bird’s own instinct for home building. She buys a wretched little house on a hill, sets the carpenters to work, advertises for a cheerful working housekeeper and a slightly disabled soldier to run the place, and herself comes out to enjoy her nest whenever she can snatch time from business. The house becomes eventually a charming home, but the cheerful, all-too-golden-haired housekeeper and the first and second ventures in soldiers are vexing problems. The first man had been in the wrong war. The second had come off rather badly from the right one, but Joanna’s passion for remodelling only rejoices in the material thus brought to her hand.” N Y Evening Post

“How she succeeded in her efforts is related in a delightful manner, quite in harmony with the subject and its circumstances.”

Boston Transcript p12 D 8 ’20 300w

“It is a comfortable story, a little sentimental, and the characters are extremely well sketched. On the other hand, the illustrations are anything but that.”

N Y Evening Post p22 O 23 ’20 280w

Reviewed by Hildegarde Hawthorne

N Y Times p22 F 6 ’21 850w

Reviewed by D. W. Webster

Pub W 98:1193 O 16 ’20 290w

“There’s a good bit of sound sense in the house-remaking, and plenty of entertainment in the story as a whole.”

Springf’d Republican p9a O 24 ’20 150w TOOKER, LEWIS FRANK. Middle passage.

$1.90 (3c) Century

20–16345

David Lunt, a mere boy, of seafaring ancestry, ran away to sea in what turned out to be a slaver. Being a saucy and adventurous lad he tried the patience of the captain and the treatment he received aroused in him a passion for vengeance. For this reason and not from a bad heart he ships a second time in a slaver but his experiences this time close that episode. Other risky undertakings follow, just this side of crime. He is kept from overstepping the boundary line by the memory of a face back home. In his brief and infrequent visits to the home town, his love for Lydia becomes a pledge and he finally overcomes her father’s opposition by a courageous confession of his near lapses in church. The story is full of thrilling adventures and hairbreadth escapes.

Booklist 17:160 Ja ’21

“It retains a certain value as a picture of life in an era which today is as remote as Babylon. Mr Tooker is an alert and companionable story-teller—a disciple of Conrad in action, though not in atmosphere.” L. B.

Freeman 2:142 O 20 ’20 130w

“Certain merits lacking in many of the sea stories which come from the presses every year are possessed by this novel. In the first place, Mr Tooker knows the sea in the intimate way that a sailor knows it. Secondly, he has style, a simple and effective style.”

N Y Times p27 Ja 2 ’21 380w

“Mr Tooker always writes of the sea with sympathy and knowledge, and we are inclined to think that this is the most vivid and exciting book he has written.”

Outlook 126:334 O 20 ’20 70w

TORMEY, JOHN LAWLESS, and LAWRY, ROLLA CECIL.[2] Animal husbandry.

il $1.40 Am. bk. 636

20–6658

“This brief manual has been prepared for use in the agricultural classes which the Smith-Hughes act brought into being, and it is consequently written for elementary students and for use in connection with practical, every-day farm work. It comprises, like most ambitious texts in animal husbandry, a description of the principal breeds of horses, cattle, sheep, swine, and poultry, a guide to methods of stock judging, and a section on the care and management of animals.” N Y Evening Post

“A comprehensive volume, well illustrated, and most useful to the intelligent student of modern farming.”

Cath World 112:554 Ja ’21 60w

“A few faults arise from the necessary brevity of the treatise. Occasionally important information is left out.”

N Y Evening Post p26 O 23 ’20 180w

TOUT, THOMAS FREDERICK.

Chapters in the administrative history of mediaeval England.

(Publications of the University of

Manchester)

2v ea *$7 (*12s) Longmans 354

20–14380

“Mr Tout’s magnum opus had its origin in a mood of almost casual curiosity, awakened ten years ago by the essay of a young French scholar upon the use or ‘diplomatic’ of the small seals which the English kings used in their correspondence the privy seal, the secret seal, the signet. A desire to clear up a few obscure points in English diplomatic of the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries led him to explore the untouched treasures of the public record office. The next step was a reconstruction of the royal household in particular, of its administrative offices, the chamber and wardrobe, and of their instruments, the small seals. Hence the sub-title of the work ‘The wardrobe, the chamber, and the small seals.’ To a scholar with Mr Tout’s wide knowledge of European history in the later middle ages such an inquiry was full of suggestion; and so his book reached its present form—a survey of English administration, almost a revision of English political and constitutional history, from the Norman conquest to the death of Richard II.” Ath

“A most valuable feature of Professor Tout’s book will be found in the luminous exposition of sources and authorities as set forth in a descriptive chapter on documentary material. With clearness and originality there is apt to be excessive positiveness. In points of controversy the author occasionally falls into the temptation of exaggeration by over-stating an opposing view in order the more sharply to challenge it.” J. F. Baldwin

Am Hist R 26:78 O ’20 1200w

“In these days of specialism Professor Tout has never forgotten the more spacious period of scholarship. He is still under its influence. And this is why, to a book packed with new material and highly technical in character, he has been able to give the quality of fine and significant history. Limited in range though it is, this book is not unworthy of a place beside the ‘Constitutional history of England.’”

Ath p174 Ag 6 ’20 2150w

“This is the most important contribution to the study of English history that has been made in many a year. At every point it breaks new ground; and at every point it shows an amplitude of knowledge and a depth of research which put Professor Tout among the most eminent scholars of this generation.” H. J. Laski

Nation 111:sup666 D 8 ’20 1000w

“In emphasizing a too much neglected phase of institutional development, Professor Tout has added greatly to our true appreciation of English mediæval history. No student of English mediæval institutions can afford to neglect these two invaluable volumes.”

Review 3:507 N 24 ’20 520w

“The labour must have been exhausting, but the dry bones live again, in so far that the reader sees precisely how England was governed in the thirteenth and early fourteenth centuries.”

Spec 125:277 Ag 28 ’20 1300w

The Times [London] Lit Sup p531 Ag 19 ’20 1450w

TOWARDS reunion; ed. by Alexander James Carlyle. *$2.75 Macmillan 280

20–6733

“‘Towards reunion,’ a book of fourteen chapters half by writers in the church of England and half from the Free churches is well named. Both words are strikingly suggestive of the purpose of the book. In different ways, that sometimes do not altogether agree, they give expression to a common vision of a ‘great spiritual and visible unity.’ That the emphasis should be put upon the spiritual, as the means to the visible, unity, is expressed in the preface and suggested by putting as the last and climactic chapter ‘The holy spirit in the churches.’ Besides the names of the writers appear, as witnessing to the common aim of the book, the names of over fifty other leaders in the churches, all of whom were also members of the inter-church conferences out of which the book really came. ” Bib World

“It is open, no doubt, to the criticism that the groups concerned had never any serious divergences; but, though this lessens its value as a practical step to reunion, it does not detract from its worth as a general contribution to the problem.”

Ath p686 Ag 1 ’19 1450w

Bib World 54:203 Mr ’20 400w

Sat R 128:368 O 18 ’19 1400w

“There is much in what they describe as ‘contributions to mutual understanding’ which commands sympathy. On the main issue, that of reunion, it is difficult not to think that they multiply words without increasing sense. It is certain that they contain a large number of very disputable assertions.”

Spec 123:215 Ag 16 ’19 900w

TOWNS, CHARLES BARNES. Habits that handicap. *$1.50

(4½c) Funk 613.8

20–3199

An exposition of the present prevalent evil of drug addiction in the United States; the results it invariably causes, both socially and individually; the difficulty of overcoming it; and the surest effective remedy. The poisons Dr Towns condemns include many widely used narcotics, bromides, headache powders, cough syrups, etc., alcoholic beverages, all forms of tobacco, as well as more virulent drugs. As a nation we are fond of poisoning ourselves. Prohibition has driven many to more harmful habits than the daily cocktail or glass of beer. Our women have, many of them, acquired the cigarette habit. Depoisoning ourselves will not be easy. The author urges as the most effective remedy, legal regulation of the sale of all drugs and narcotics, authoritative control of their use, and “pitiless publicity.” The book includes a preface by Dr Richard C. Cabot, and an appendix on The relation of alcohol to disease, by Dr Alexander Lambert. The book covers practically the same ground as the volume of similar title published by the Century company in 1915.

“The new edition is written in a manner even more attractive and vigorous than the first.”

Booklist

16:292 My ’20

“Were the moderation of the book’s title reflected in the letterpress, its influence would be strengthened. His denunciations take no account of divergent views, save in so far as he disposes of them on the ground of bias.”

Cath World 112:119 O ’20 220w

“On the title page we find the sub-title, ‘The remedy for narcotic, alcohol, tobacco and other drug addictions.’ It is disappointing therefore to find no hint or suggestion in the book as to what the remedy is.”

N Y Evening Post p10 Mr 6 ’20 300w

20–16919

“If the first campaign in Mesopotamia is not the best-known episode of the war it is not for lack of information, and Sir Charles Townshend’s contribution is one that will appeal to the student of military affairs not only for the light it casts on the motives that

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