Avr μικροελεγκτεσ

AVR ,

. .

,

,

,

,

.

,

,

,

,

. .

, 32bit

64bit.

8bit, 16bit,

,

, ,

8MHz

3000

z.

CPU, RAM,

ROM,

, –

,

,

. . , RAM,

,

. ,

.

.

’

, . ’

,

»,

,

CPU, –

,

,

,

RAM,

ROM,

PWM, ,

.

. ,

, AVR

,

Atmel.

AVR ,

pin,

1

128

,

128bytes

8pin 4KB

.

AVR AVR

8bit

Harvard

,

ROM, .

RAM, AVR

USART, SPI, I2C, CAN, USB

EEPROM, ADC, PWM,

.

AVR ,

ROM

’

program or code ROM. H program ROM

1 Flash

256 .

.

AVR

Flash

, .

RAM

EEPROM

AVR.

ROM .

, AVR ,

4K data RAM, data RAM

SRAM. .

RAM RAM.

:

registers,

32 registers,

SRAM

memory

internal

memory

internal RAM

.

AVR,

,

EEPROM I/O AVR

.

AVR

3

86

–

.

.

100pin

mega1280

ATtiny45

86

6

.

AVR

AVR

ADC (analog-to-digital converter),

(timers)

(Universal Synchronous Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter) ADC

USART

.

10bit

ADC

16

.

AVR

6 timers

USART

WDT (watchdog timer).

AVR 2

AVR

IC

PC.

SPI buses

USB

CAN bus.

AVR : Mega, Tiny, special purpose.

MegaAVR (ATmegaxxx) 120 .

1) 28

100

3)

(Program memory) 4)

TinyAVR (ATtinyxxxx) ,

4

256

2) .

ATmega. .

1) 8

28

(Program memory) 1K

3)

8 bytes 2)

4)

.

(special purpose) AVR , .

USB controller, CAN controller, LCD controller, Zigbee, Ethernet controller, FPGA, PWM

.

AVR AVR

:

.

flash . .

ATtiny2313 2

16bits, 32Kbytes

1024

AVR, ATmega32

16

16bits.

1

1000. ,

(interrupt vectors),

$0000.

. . .

,

.

AVR.

: 1/

.

GPRs (General Purpose

Registers)

AVR. .

R0

R31.

2/

.

–

(I/O Memory)

(

)

(I/O registers), AVR

.

SRAM

.

–

.

SRAM SRAM

$20 $00

$3

AVR

$3F. (

$5F

register PORTA memory)

64

SRAM

$1 .

.

,

.

3/

SRAM (internal SRAM).

AVR.

128bytes (stack)

4Kbytes.

SRAM

.

, .

SRAM. H .

(Stack

pointer)

byte

ATtiny2313, ATmega8535

bytes (

, SPH

SPL). (reset)

.

,

$60. , push)

, (

4/

,

pop)

.

SRAM SRAM. AVR. (

ATmega8515),

SRAM

.

5/

EEPROM EEPROM. AVR

.

EEPROM

$0000.

Kbytes

. .

,

.

EEPROM EEPROM

.

100 000

64 bytes

EEPROM

4