Etymologia

Page 1

: . .

.

o o o o o

. . . . .

o

.

.

( ,

)

.

. (

).

. (

).

.

1766 ( )

,

,

.

.

). 1868

(

,

(

• 3. Li LITHIUM

,

.

.

.

HYDROGEN

• 2. He HELIUM

.

.

7. .,

• 1.

: .

. o

).

)

.

1817 ( )

,

=

,

,

(

),

. • 4. Be BERYLLIUM

1798 ( )

) ).

.

(

,

(

(

,

. Velur,

,

1808 .

)

veruliya < veluriya, .

, .

• 5. B BORON ,

. )

buraq.


• 6. C CARBON

.

• 7. N NITROGEN Lavoisier

. ( ) carbo =

.

1772 ( ) -

. • 8. O OXYZEN

-

nitrogenium (

1774 ( )

- -. ,

).

,

)

.

• 9. F FLUORINE ( . ) fluo = • 10. Ne NEON

1771 ( )

A. Ampere

. ,

1810) (

.

1898 ( ) Ramsay,

(

)

. • 11. Na SODIUM ( ) natrum, . . • 12. Mg MAGNESIUM

1807 ( ) .

,

.

,

1775 ( )

. ,

. • 13. Al ALUMINUM

1827 ( ) (

),

(

).

( =

).

• 14. Si SILICON

,

( : 1823 ( )

alumen =

.

. : .

=

.

)

(


) .

=

. silex =

• 15. P PHOSHORUS

1669 ( )

,

,

(

• 16. S SULFUR

. ,

(

. ( )

)

.

).

,

.

sulphur. • 17. Cl CHLORINE

1774 ( ) = ( )

• 18. Ar ARGON

, .

1894 ( )

=

. • 19. K POTASSIUM , ( . qalaj , • 20. Ca CALCIUM

)

,

1807

(

-

, ),

.

-

.

1808 ( )

)

),

)

,

, (

'

al-qali ( ,

.

.

,

.

(

).

,

. 1879 ( )

• 22. Ti TITANIUM

1791 ( ) ,

• 23. V VANADIUM Vanadis,

1830 ( )

• 24. Cr CHROMIUM

1797 ( )

.

.

.

. .

• 21. Sc SCANDIUM


, . • 25. Mn MANGANESE ( 1774

1774 )

)

,

18 ( ).

C.W. Scheele

,

, .

magnesia

,

manganesa,

. • 26. Fe IRON

.

• 27. Co COBALT Kobold,

.

)

ferrum.

1735 ( )

,

Harz ( .

• 28. Ni NICKEL

16

),

1735 cobalt rec

:

G.Brandt

1751 ( )

(

, ). ... Old Nick = , nickel.

(

• 29. Cu COPPER

.

. ( )

, ).

Kupfernickel, A.F. Cronstedt

Cuprum,

. 16

( )

"

• 31. Ga GALLIUM

( ) 17

1875 ( ) (Gallia), .

.

" Zin

)

, (1

(

.).

P.E.L. de Boisbaudran,

:

,

.

• 30. Zn ZINC


• 32. Ge GERMANIUM

,

• 33. As ARSENIC ,

1886 ( ) C. Winkler,

.

1250 ( )

(

,

zarniq = (

.

).

,

). • 34. Se SELENIUM ( ) ,

1817 .

) , tellus.

,

... • 35. Br BROMINE

1826

)

=

,

. • 36. Kr KRYPTON

1898

'

)

, Ramsay,

. =

• 37. Rb RUBIDIUM rubidus =

...

.

1861 ( )

.

.

• 38. Sr STRONTIUM

1790 ( ) Strontian

,

'

. • 39. Y YTTRIUM

1794 ( ) Ytterby,

.

• 40. Zr ZIRCONIUM

1789 ( )

(

)

. ,

. .

zargun. • 41. Nb NIOBIUM

.

1801 ( )


,

. .

),

1950

• 42.

(

,

.

MOLYBDENUM

1778 ( )

(

). ,

,

. • 43. Tc TECHNETIUM

1937 ( )

,

,

,

,

.

( )

. • 44. Ru RUTHENIUM

• 45. Rh RHODIUM

,

1844 ( ) , Ruthenia, . 1803 ,

)

.

,

. • 46. Pd PALLADIOUM

1803 ( ) ( ).

. • 47. Ag SILVER

.

. ( )

argentum)

=

=

(

,

(

). . 1817 ( )

(

. • 49. In INDIUM (indigo, .

1863

) ),

).

, ,

.

• 48. Cd CADMIUM


• 50. Sn TIN

.

. ( )

stannum. kash =

kastira, • 51. Sb ANTIMONY

"1450 8 ,

.

)

.

.

antimonium

. • 52. Te TELLURIUM

, Tellus.

. • 53. I IODINE

1782 ( )

,

1811 ( ) =

,

.

.

. • 54. Xe XENON

1898 ( ) Ramsay,

(

,

)

. • 55. Cs CESIUM caesius =

1860 ( )

.

.

• 56. Ba BARIUM

1808

)

:

(

).

. • 57. La LANTHANUM Mosander

1839 ( )

(

) =

.

• 58. Ce CERIUM

.

1803 ( ) , (Ceres)

(1801)

• 59. Pr PRASEODYMIUM C.A. von Welsbach )

1885 ,

)

( '

.

.


(

)

.

. • 60. Nd NEODYMIUM C.A. von Welsbach ) .

1885 ( )

(

,

• 61. Pm PROMETHIUM

.

'

1947 ( )

.

: ,

" • 62. Sm SAMARIUM

. 1879 ( )

. M. Samarski.

• 63. Eu EUROPIUM

• 64. Gd GADOLINIUM

• 65. Tb TERBIUM

.

1896 ( )

1880 ( ) J. Gadolin. 1843 ( ) Ytterby,

. .

• 66. Dy DYSPROSIUM

1886 ( )

P.E.L. de Boisbaudran, . 1879

) , Holmie,

" • 68. Er ERBIUM

• 69. Tm THULIUM

,

. 1843 ) Ytterby,

1879

. )

. .

• 67. Ho HOLMIUM

=


, P.T. Cleve,

.

, ,

• 70. Yb YTTERBIUM

1907 ( )

Ytterby,

• 71. Lu LUTETIUM

.

.

. 1907 ) , Lutetia.

• 72. Hf HAFNIUM

1923 ( )

(Hafnia),

. • 73. Ta TANTALUM

,

.

... ".

1802 ( )

:

A. Ekeberg, ,

• 74. W WOLFRAM

, tung =

1783 ( )

(1781) sten = .

• 75. Re RHENIUM

1925 ( )

• 76. Os OSMIUM

1804 ( )

Wolfram,

,

1804 ( )

• 78. Pt PLATINUM

.

,

.

16

( ) platina =

.

. ( )

geolo =

, . .

. • 79. Au GOLD

.

, Rhenus.

)

=

: "

tungsten.

( • 77. Ir IRIDIUM

,

,

.

aurum,

.

gold


(

.

. ( )

)

,

,

.

(Mercury).

• 81. Tl THALLIUM

1861 ( )

.

= • 82. Pb LEAD

.

.

,

)

(

)

,

,

.

• 83. Bi BISMUTH

1450 ( )

• 84. Po POLONIUM

1898

,

• 85. At ASTATINE

1900

.

1939 ( ) (France), . 1898

)

1899 ( ) .

• 90. Th THORIUM

8,3

)

)

(radium)

'

.

.

'

-on.

. • 89. Ac ACTINIUM

.

)

,

• 88. Ra RADIUM

.

) M. Curie,

=

Curie),

Weissmuth =

1940 ( ) ,

(

• 87. Fr FRANCIUM

.

plumbum.

,

• 86. Rn RADON radon (

,

1828

)

M. Perey (

radius =

,

M.

,

.

• 80. Hg MERCURY


Thor,

.

• 91. Pa PROTACTINIUM

1917 ( )

,

. ,

• 92. U URANIUM

,

,

.

1789 ( ) , .

Klaproth

M.H.

. • 93. Np NEPTUNIUM

1940 ( )

. .

. • 94. Pu PLUTONIUM

1940 .

) . .

• 95. Am AMERICIUM ) • 96. Cm CURIUM Pierre

,

1944

'

)

(

,

1944 ( ) Marie Curie, )

'

.

,

(

J. Gadolin.

'

1949 ( )

,

(

Ytterby

• 98. Cf CALIFORNIUM

• 99. Es EINSTEINIUM

• 100. Fm FERMIUM

,

1950

20 1953 ( )

,

)

1952 ( ) ,

Berkeley, ) .

Berkeley.

Albert Einstein (1879-1955).

Enrico Fermi (1901-1954).

.

• 97. Bk BERKELIUM


• 101. Md MENDELEVIUM

1955

)

Ivanovicx Mendelejev (1834-1907). • 102. No NOBELIUM 1957 Alfred Nobel (1833-1896),

,

Dmitri

)

.

• 103. Lr LAWRENCIUM 1961 ) Ernest Orlando Lawrence (1901-1958), , Radiation Laboratory ( . Lw ( ). • 104. Db DUBNIUM 1964 ( )

),

Dubna

,

. • 105. Jl JOLIOTIUM 1967 ( )

1935

F. Joliot-Curie

Nobel

I. Curie.

• 106. Rf RUTHERFORDIUM 1974

)

Ernest Rutherford .

• 107. Bh BOHRIUM 1976 ( )

Niels Bohr .

• 108. Hn HAHNIUM 1976 ( )

Otto Hahn

• 109. Mt MEITNERIUM 1982 ( )

Lise Meitner

• 110. Uun Ununnilium 1987 (?) : 110 • 111. Uuu Unununium 1994 (?)

112

.

.

.


110

112

• 112. Uub Ununbium 1996 (?) : 110

112

.

:


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