Sophia - Human Biology - Unit 5 Milestone 5
1
Correct Answers Highlighted in Yellow Which type of pancreatic cells help to lower blood sugar?
Delta cells
Beta cells
Alpha cells
Gamma cells
CONCEPT Pancreatic Hormones 2
After fertilization, the newly formed zygote begins to divide into multiple cells through a process called __________.
Morphogenesis
Cleavage
Blastomere
Gastrulation
CONCEPT Fertilization and Early Development 3
Which step(s) of urine formation is important to maintain the body's acid-base balance?
Filtration and reabsorption
Reabsorption
Secretion
Filtration
CONCEPT Urine Formation 4
Which of the following statements about aging is true?
As a woman ages, she enters andropause and can no longer reproduce.
Signs of aging may include changes in your skin, height, muscle mass, bones and organ function.
The way in which you age is completely dictated by your lifestyle.
All of these statements are correct.
CONCEPT Effects of Aging on Your Body 5
Which layer of the digestive tract contains blood vessels and nerve cells?
Lumen
Submucosa
Serosa
Mucosa
CONCEPT
The Alimentary Canal 6
Which segment of the small intestine connects to the large intestine?
Duodenum
Jejunum
Ileum
Lipase
CONCEPT Small Intestine 7
Select the correct route of sperm once they are produced.
Penis → Testes → Urethra → Epididymis → Ejaculatory duct → Vas deferens
Testes → Penis → Epididymis → Urethra → Vas deferens → Ejaculatory duct
Testes → Epididymis → Vas deferens → Ejaculatory duct → Urethra → Penis
Penis → Urethra → Ejaculatory duct → Vas deferens → Epididymis →Testes
CONCEPT Male Reproductive System 8
An individual's blood volume and blood pressure decrease. Which of the following will be the body's response to maintain homeostasis and increase the blood volume and blood pressure?
ADH is released, the kidneys conserve water, urine becomes concentrated
ADH is released, the kidneys conserve water, the urine becomes more diluted
ADH is released, less water is reabsorbed, the urine becomes more concentrated
ADH is released, less water is reabsorbed, the urine becomes more diluted
CONCEPT Fluid Balance and Blood Pressure 9
Which type of digestion occurs in the stomach?
Chemical
Neither mechanical nor chemical
Both mechanical and chemical
Mechanical
CONCEPT Stomach 10
Which of these can be concluded from an 8-week-old embryo?
It is a female.
It is prone to obesity.
It has brown hair.
It has attached earlobes.
CONCEPT Embryonic and Fetal Development 11
Which of the following best describes blood pH when homeostasis is maintained?
Neutral
Slightly basic
Heavily acidic
Slightly acidic
CONCEPT Blood pH 12
Which part of the large intestine absorbs water?
Descending colon
All parts absorb water
Transverse colon
Ascending colon
CONCEPT Large Intestine 13
Which of the following is most likely the cause of Graves' disease?
Lower than normal levels of parathyroid hormone in the blood
Higher than normal levels of parathyroid hormone in the blood
Lower than normal levels of thyroid hormones in the blood
Higher than normal levels of thyroid hormones in the blood
CONCEPT Thyroid and Parathyroid 14
In which stage of labor is the placenta expelled from the uterus?
First
Second
Fourth
Third
CONCEPT Labor and Birth 15
Which organ processes and stores nutrients from the digestive system?
Gallbladder
Pancreas
Liver
All three
CONCEPT
Pancreas, Gallbladder, & Liver 16
Where does digestion begin?
The mouth
The small intestine
The stomach
The large intestine
CONCEPT Digestion 17
Which of the following statements about steroid hormones is true?
They are lipids that enter the cell and bind to receptors on the nucleus.
They are proteins that bind to receptors on the plasma membrane.
They are lipids that bind to receptors on the plasma membrane.
They are proteins that enter the cell and bind to receptors on the nucleus.
CONCEPT Steroid and Non-Steroid Hormones 18
The developing child is surrounded by a fluid filled sac called the __________.
Yolk sac
Placenta
Chorion
Amnion
CONCEPT Placenta 19
Which organ of the endocrine system is part of the brain?
Adrenal gland
Parathyroid gland
Pancreas
Pineal gland
CONCEPT Organs of the Endocrine System 20
Which part of the kidney does the actual filtering of the blood?
Renal medulla
Nephrons
Renal cortex
Renal pelvis
CONCEPT Kidneys 21
Which type of cells are responsible for the growth of facial hair and the deepening of the voice in males during puberty?
Leydig cells
Schwann cells
Sertoli cells
Stem cells
CONCEPT Sperm Formation 22
Which of the following is an agent of chemical digestion in the mouth?
Teeth
Bolus
Chyme
Salivary amylase
CONCEPT Chewing and Swallowing 23
What is the outer part of the adrenal gland called?
Adrenal medulla
Adrenal body
Adrenal dermis
Adrenal cortex
CONCEPT Adrenal Glands 24
What is produced by the ovaries?
Granulosa cells
Oocytes
Endometrium
Zygote
CONCEPT Female Reproductive System 25
Before an oocyte leaves the ovary, it is surrounded by nourishing cells and is called what?
A zona pellucida
A follicle
A menarche
An oviduct
CONCEPT Ovarian Cycle and Menstrual Cycle 26
Which of the following statements is true?
The pituitary gland is an organ of the endocrine system that secretes the hormone melatonin.
Insulin is an example of a hormone that is released by the adrenal glands.
Hormones, which are secreted by the endocrine system, help regulate homeostasis in the body.
Hormones are generalized and can have an effect on any cell in the body.
CONCEPT Endocrine System