SOPHIA PATHWAY_Human Biology_Unit 5 Milestone 5. Concepts indicated and ALL CORRECT ANSWERS HIGHLIGH

Sophia - Human Biology - Unit 5 Milestone 5

1

Correct Answers Highlighted in Yellow Which type of pancreatic cells help to lower blood sugar? 

Delta cells



Beta cells



Alpha cells



Gamma cells

CONCEPT Pancreatic Hormones 2

After fertilization, the newly formed zygote begins to divide into multiple cells through a process called __________. 

Morphogenesis



Cleavage



Blastomere



Gastrulation

CONCEPT Fertilization and Early Development 3

Which step(s) of urine formation is important to maintain the body's acid-base balance? 

Filtration and reabsorption



Reabsorption



Secretion



Filtration

CONCEPT Urine Formation 4

Which of the following statements about aging is true? 

As a woman ages, she enters andropause and can no longer reproduce.



Signs of aging may include changes in your skin, height, muscle mass, bones and organ function.



The way in which you age is completely dictated by your lifestyle.



All of these statements are correct.

CONCEPT Effects of Aging on Your Body 5

Which layer of the digestive tract contains blood vessels and nerve cells? 

Lumen



Submucosa



Serosa



Mucosa

CONCEPT

The Alimentary Canal 6

Which segment of the small intestine connects to the large intestine?



Duodenum



Jejunum



Ileum



Lipase

CONCEPT Small Intestine 7

Select the correct route of sperm once they are produced. 

Penis → Testes → Urethra → Epididymis → Ejaculatory duct → Vas deferens



Testes → Penis → Epididymis → Urethra → Vas deferens → Ejaculatory duct



Testes → Epididymis → Vas deferens → Ejaculatory duct → Urethra → Penis



Penis → Urethra → Ejaculatory duct → Vas deferens → Epididymis →Testes

CONCEPT Male Reproductive System 8

An individual's blood volume and blood pressure decrease.

Which of the following will be the body's response to maintain homeostasis and increase the blood volume and blood pressure? 

ADH is released, the kidneys conserve water, urine becomes concentrated



ADH is released, the kidneys conserve water, the urine becomes more diluted



ADH is released, less water is reabsorbed, the urine becomes more concentrated



ADH is released, less water is reabsorbed, the urine becomes more diluted

CONCEPT Fluid Balance and Blood Pressure 9

Which type of digestion occurs in the stomach? 

Chemical



Neither mechanical nor chemical



Both mechanical and chemical



Mechanical

CONCEPT Stomach 10

Which of these can be concluded from an 8-week-old embryo? 

It is a female.



It is prone to obesity.



It has brown hair.



It has attached earlobes.

CONCEPT Embryonic and Fetal Development 11

Which of the following best describes blood pH when homeostasis is maintained? 

Neutral



Slightly basic



Heavily acidic



Slightly acidic

CONCEPT Blood pH 12

Which part of the large intestine absorbs water? 

Descending colon



All parts absorb water



Transverse colon



Ascending colon

CONCEPT Large Intestine 13

Which of the following is most likely the cause of Graves' disease? 

Lower than normal levels of parathyroid hormone in the blood



Higher than normal levels of parathyroid hormone in the blood



Lower than normal levels of thyroid hormones in the blood



Higher than normal levels of thyroid hormones in the blood

CONCEPT Thyroid and Parathyroid 14

In which stage of labor is the placenta expelled from the uterus? 

First



Second



Fourth



Third

CONCEPT Labor and Birth 15

Which organ processes and stores nutrients from the digestive system? 

Gallbladder



Pancreas



Liver



All three

CONCEPT

Pancreas, Gallbladder, & Liver 16

Where does digestion begin? 

The mouth



The small intestine



The stomach



The large intestine

CONCEPT Digestion 17

Which of the following statements about steroid hormones is true? 

They are lipids that enter the cell and bind to receptors on the nucleus.



They are proteins that bind to receptors on the plasma membrane.



They are lipids that bind to receptors on the plasma membrane.



They are proteins that enter the cell and bind to receptors on the nucleus.

CONCEPT Steroid and Non-Steroid Hormones 18

The developing child is surrounded by a fluid filled sac called the __________. 

Yolk sac



Placenta



Chorion



Amnion

CONCEPT Placenta 19

Which organ of the endocrine system is part of the brain? 

Adrenal gland



Parathyroid gland



Pancreas



Pineal gland

CONCEPT Organs of the Endocrine System 20

Which part of the kidney does the actual filtering of the blood? 

Renal medulla



Nephrons



Renal cortex



Renal pelvis

CONCEPT Kidneys 21

Which type of cells are responsible for the growth of facial hair and the deepening of the voice in males during puberty? 

Leydig cells



Schwann cells



Sertoli cells



Stem cells

CONCEPT Sperm Formation 22

Which of the following is an agent of chemical digestion in the mouth? 

Teeth



Bolus



Chyme



Salivary amylase

CONCEPT Chewing and Swallowing 23

What is the outer part of the adrenal gland called? 

Adrenal medulla



Adrenal body



Adrenal dermis



Adrenal cortex

CONCEPT Adrenal Glands 24

What is produced by the ovaries? 

Granulosa cells



Oocytes



Endometrium



Zygote

CONCEPT Female Reproductive System 25

Before an oocyte leaves the ovary, it is surrounded by nourishing cells and is called what? 

A zona pellucida



A follicle



A menarche



An oviduct

CONCEPT Ovarian Cycle and Menstrual Cycle 26

Which of the following statements is true?



The pituitary gland is an organ of the endocrine system that secretes the hormone melatonin.



Insulin is an example of a hormone that is released by the adrenal glands.



Hormones, which are secreted by the endocrine system, help regulate homeostasis in the body.



Hormones are generalized and can have an effect on any cell in the body.

CONCEPT Endocrine System