PERCEPTION OF SPACE
+ SCALE ENCLOSURE ARCHITECTURAL
THESIS
EXTERNALj
IDENTIFICATION DENSITY + DEPTH
D+D
LIGHT + MATERIAL
L+M
TEMPO + ORDER
T+O
SCALE + ENCLOSURE
S+E
SCALE + ENCLOSURE Perception of space, impacted by shifts in proportioned space and degrees of physical containment, creates a range of individual spatial experiences and transitions that fluidly defines the overall architecture. Defined scale and physical enclosure provide context in which proportions define experienced scale, interactions of connected spaces compose spatial perceptions, and degrees of enclosure influence transitional progression of spatial experience. Proportions of architectural form, determined relative to surrounding elements, lack scale without human perception to create a dominant proportional understanding of scaled space. These individualized moments experience a unique composition of spatial connections and individual perceptions of spatial conditions. The shared physical enclosure generates a spatial hierarchy of individual moments, either enhancing existing connections or juxtaposing unrelated experiences to create a new spatial perception. Defined architectural scale and degrees of physical enclosure inform perceived experience of space and transition individual experiences throughout the overall understanding of architectural space.
x SCALE +ENCLOSURE PROPORTIONS DEFINE SPACE p.2-25 PERCEPTION OF SCALE p.26-43 DEGREES OF ENCLOSURE p.44-57
No. 5 oMODEL PLATESNo.40-46
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Individual elements exist as singular, autonomous forms that inherently maintain their own physical proportions. With numerous elements, interacting to compose spatial boundaries, the defined spatial scale becomes a relative comparison between collective elements, and the physical edge becomes a transitional moment between varying definitions of architectural proportions. This inherent universal scale is further refined through the focus of the individual and the measured human scale applied to perceived spatial boundaries. Experiential elements, like stairs and entries, bridge the gap between the definite human scale and the relative proportions of architectural space.
PROPORTIONS
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No. 4 oMODEL PLATESNo.13-18
Within the layering of space, the gridded metal protrusions create an experienced proportional system that informs the perceived scale of the surrounding physical forms and their influenced spatial boundaries. Even with the scale of the individual unknown, proportions determined through comparison of elements defines each form’s relative spatial scale.
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how does interaction of
individually proportioned spaces
impact overall perceived scale?
Proportions of scale that interact within a defined space, determine perceived architectural scale and experience. These varying spatial conditions create experiential distinctions which combine to form a continuous moment and a dynamic understanding of space . These distinct experiences, influenced by both architectural scales, produce gravitational pulls that move the individual through defined space and heighten perception of intermediate transitions .
The compositional structure of the above section is organized around a relative scale based on existing relationships between individual spaces to heighten perception of connected spaces. Distinct spatial proportions interact, within the space on the right, to define a singular moment of transitional space along the edge of the angular mass. This intermediary moment exists, concurrently, within the containing, shadowed space and the open, illuminated space, to pull the individual through to the contrasting spatial experience.
SCALE + ENCLOSURE PROPORTIONS
DEFINE
SPACE
No. 5 oMODEL PLATESNo.40-46
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PLATENo.10
DEFINE
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SCALE + ENCLOSURE PROPORTIONS
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No. 1 oMODEL PLATES No . 1-2
SCALE + ENCLOSURE PROPORTIONS
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how can
composition of physical forms govern the experienced spatial transition ? Moments of transitional space exhibit characteristics governed by overlapping influences of adjacent spatial proportions that continue to transition the understanding of architectural space. The range of transitional spaces extends from a simple, physical edge of form to a distinct, secondary space that creates a range of experiential shifts between spatial proportions. While abrupt spatial transitions, cause the physical edge to heighten, longer transitions are perceived as distinct spaces, and as such, create tertiary transitional moments that reflect shifted spatial proportions to create a fluid evolution of space. The central image combines transitional moments to both quickly evolve space between interior and exterior and gradually shift the governing spatial panel at the corner’s intersection. Layering spatial scales creates a heightened awareness of the corner condition even though the physical manifested edge has been dissolved. The scale of the dominant void defines the proportion of architectural space that connects and transi tions adjoining spaces. PLATENo.10
In the perspective, overlapping forms create a large secondary space that transitions between the contained interior and the limitless exterior. The edges of the interior-most panel achieve a gradual transition based on an alternate scale of evolution that shifts between the dominant and secondary space. The intermediate space transitions fluidly between the dominant spatial influences yet remains secondary within the overall spatial hierarchy. In the spatial model, the pyramid aperture interrupts the surrounding contained space, relying upon the form’s physical edge to transition quickly between the two opposing spatial experiences. This abrupt shift in architectural scale heightens the presence of edge conditions and layers influences from distinct spaces to create a single, dominant, governing boundary.
SCALE + ENCLOSURE PROPORTIONS
No. 3 oMODEL PLATES No . 7-9
DEFINE
SPACE
No. 1 oMODEL PLATES No . 1-2
SCALE + ENCLOSURE PROPORTIONS
PLATENo.10
DEFINE
SPACE
SCALE + ENCLOSURE PROPORTIONS
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No. 1 oMODEL PLATES No . 1-2
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PLATENo.22
Within the section, removing the definitive scale causes the understanding of these spaces to be fundamentally relative and focused on the underlying proportions of spatial conditions. These defined spaces now rely upon their connections to adjoining spaces and their relationship with the entire architectural understanding to generate an alternate scale to measure perceived experience.
SCALE + ENCLOSURE
PROPORTIONS
DEFINE
Architecture, a manifested composition of physical form, has no inherent scale based on experiences, but rather one derived from the relative comparison between adjacent spaces. The interaction of elemental forms, sequence of spaces, and relationships established within the entire architecture influence the scale of Individual spaces. The introduction of light and material, not only further define spatial boundaries, but also enhance this self-referential scale.
SPACE
13
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Visual connections established between adjoining spaces refine the relative architectural scale and inform the experience of the defined space. Use of consistent elements creates a rhythm of scaled space and a unit of measurement to evaluate surrounding space. The defined architectural space is influenced through multiple degrees of visual connection to surrounding spaces. These connections, in conjunction with shifts in entering light, establish a contained experiential scale relative to the surrounding perceived space. The embedded metal pipes create a measured architectural rhythm that contrasts the large expansive masses in the foreground. These visual connections of space define and evaluate the scale of experienced space relative to the architectural whole.
SCALE + ENCLOSURE PROPORTIONS
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No. 4 oMODEL PLATESNo.13-18
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PLATENo.23
Introducing spatial depth and scaled individuals, the section expands the earlier iteration not only to define architectural conditions, but also to generate perceived architectural experience. The scaled individual provides a relative architectural scale that refines the perceived proportional spatial boundary and the experience of the space.
SCALE + ENCLOSURE PROPORTIONS PROPORTIONS DEFINE DEFINE SPACE SPACE
Introducing the individual to the composition of architectural form is necessary to establish an applied understanding of spatial scale, which influences the individual’s experience of surrounding space rather than alters the manifested architecture. In this way, the experience generated through the progression of space does not impose a uniform understanding on each individual but rather coherently proposes a spatial understanding based upon each individual’s singular proportions, precedents and perceptions.
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DEFINE
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No. 4 oMODEL PLATESNo.13-18
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DEFINE
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does inherent inform
human proprotion perceived scale
of architectural space?
PLATENo.33
The interaction of the individual with the manifested architectural form generates the spatial experience. Various proportions govern the relationships between elements of architecture. The hierarchy of spatial proportions is defined in terms of the dominant human scale which provides the basis to measure surrounding architectural form and to understand realized spatial experience. The architecture’s spatial characteristics remain constant, but differences in the individual’s applied scale create an ever-changing architectural experience. Within the adjacent photograph, the scale, inherent to the individual, governs the relative scale of architectural elements and perceived experience of spatial definition. The large panel suspended over the individual retains a massive spatial dominance that heightens the presence of other elements and elevates the individual’s dwelling experience.
The introduction of the individual scale challenges the architectural experience. The underlying architectural spaces retained composition throughout the iterations, but the individual’s experience of those defined spaces evolved drastically. The proportions of architectural space provide a relative comparison and the individual’s scale dominates the governing proportions of space to define the overall experience.
SCALE + ENCLOSURE PROPORTIONS
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are there
spatial definitions
autonomous from this relative scale ?
No. 4 oMODEL PLATESNo.13-18
No. 4 oMODEL PLATESNo.13-18
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PLATENo.33
DEFINE
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SCALE + ENCLOSURE PROPORTIONS
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No. 4 oMODEL PLATESNo.13-18
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No. 5 oMODEL PLATESNo.40-46
DEFINE
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25
SPACE
Stairs represent the intermediary spatial element that connects the relative proportions of architectural form with the scaled individual. This fundamental component defines the direct relationship between scale of human form and distance spanning architectural space. Stairs not only create a measured proportional element within the architecture form, but also transition the individual through contrasting spatial conditions.
PLATENo.48
Stairs transition the individual ’s progression of space and instill consistency to the understood scale of spatial boundaries. Above, the stairs impose a clear scale to the uninhabited space, allowing the viewer to understand the intended architectural experience. On the opposite page, the staircase transitions the individual between differing proportions of space and shifts gravitational pulls from upward momentum to forward movement.
SCALE + ENCLOSURE PERCEPTION
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The perceived experience of a defined space is based on the individual’s awareness of spatial connections and the influence of surrounding context. Connections extend inhabitation beyond defined spaces, and through glimpses into adjoining spaces, inform the perception of a unique occupied experience.The range of spatial experiences can be based on open, expanded inhabitations to contained spaces with limited boundaries. Adjacent and intermediary spaces transition the overall architectural experience and enhance the perception of these individual moments. The connection between perceived, open and physically, contained experiences creates shifting proportions which heighten the shared boundary between two defined spaces.
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No. 5 oMODEL PLATESNo.40-46
This architectural moment defines a connection with future extended space and illustrates gravitational pull through the occupied containment. The contained experience of inhabited space is heightened by the relative perception of the adjoining, open experience. This contrast of spatial experiences is enhanced by the shift in architectural proportions.
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Distinct, connected spaces retain their unique spatial experiences, but interaction with adjoining spaces affects both experienced spatial boundaries and extended inhabitation. The definition of inhabited experience, influenced by heightened awareness of surrounding space, reflects that experience perceived possible through extended inhabitation. The individual’s spatial understanding is informed and thus skewed by influences generated by connected spaces.
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FORMEDGE CONDITION L+D p.45-46 T+O p.45-46 S+E p.45-46
Within each spatial iteration, the defined space connects with the exterior and transitions the experience using light gradation and intermediary spaces to diminish harsh spatial distinctions. These exterior connections inform the perception of experienced space within contained structures.
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No. 5 oMODEL PLATESNo.40-46
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The interaction between the exterior and entering light, as well as the expansion of spatial boundaries, impacts the perceived experience of open architectural space. Establishing a connection with the boundless, exterior limits creates an uplifting gravitational pull that enables the individual to dwell beyond the physical containment of space. The introduction of horizontal continuity and vertical elongation amplifies the perception of unified space and endlessly extends the boundary of experienced space. In both the experience, on the opposite page, and the section diagram above, the combined vertical elongation and horizontal continuity of space expand experiential boundaries to enhance open spatial perceptions. The experienced directionality of light generates a perceived spatial association with the infinite exterior and expands degrees of inhabited space.
No. 3 oMODEL PLATES No . 7-9
SCALE + ENCLOSURE PERCEPTION
No. 5 oMODEL PLATESNo.40-46
OF
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The individual experiences of open and closed spaces, while defined independently, when juxtaposed, heighten the perception of each individual spatial experience. The composition of overall experience emerges as the progression of architectural spaces elicit perceived experiences based on each defined space and the influence of its surrounding context. Each individual spatial experience is influenced by the relative perception of its connected experiences as well as the overall progression of architectural space. In the above section, the architecture, initially comprised of small, contained, horizontally continuous spaces, shifts to one large vertical space. The contrast of these two distinct spatial conditions is enhanced through their adjacency, altering their relative perceived experience.
SCALE + ENCLOSURE PERCEPTION
OF
SCALE
how can
extended connections to adjoining experiences influence
perception of inhabited space ?
PLATENo.38
SEQUENCEOF EXPERIENCEs L+Mp.42-43 p.61-62 T+O p.54-55 p.64-67
No. 3 oMODEL PLATES No . 7-9
SCALE + ENCLOSURE PERCEPTION
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Closed architectural experiences stem from a heightened presence of physical form that creates the perception of contained space and limits opportunity for extended dwelling. By establishing a physical mass as the experienced spatial hierarchy, the definition of space is governed by the perceived weight and dominance of that element. Closed spatial perceptions, while not necessarily physically contained, allow for only minimal expansions of experiential boundaries and truncated inhabitations of connected space. In the diagram, below, boundaries of space are clearly defined as to contained space, diminishing opportunity for extended spatial dwelling. On the opposite page, experienced space expands physically occupied space only with implication of continued space. The perception of closed space is informed through the experiential containment of defined space.
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Architectural space, comprised of individually defined experiences, imposes a pivotal role on connecting intermediary spaces to transition these experiences fluidly, creating a unified perception of space. The duration, proportions and apparent connections of these transitional spaces govern the shifting definition of perceived spatial boundaries and the evolution of architectural experience. Intermediate spaces can shift rapidly, with minimal spatial transition, to create a distinct juxtaposition of spatial conditions, or can develop gradually, building an effortless transition, to dissolve perceived boundaries of experienced space. Within the overall perspective, fluidity is achieved through varied experiential transitions and connected intermediary spaces. Proportions of intermediary space determine the transition of perceived experiences and impact the degrees of extended inhabitation.
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No. 3 oMODEL PLATESNo.40-46
SCALE + ENCLOSURE PERCEPTION
OF
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does a shift in physical scale allow for a similar transition in
perceived
experience of space?
PLATENo.25
The contrast of shifting scales of experienced space heightens perceived proportions of each individual space. The interaction between contained, horizontally continuous spaces and open, vertically elongated spaces defines distinct spatial boundaries and shifts experienced gravitational pulls. This experienced transition abuts the two spatial understandings in order to heighten the contrast and evolves the experience of the approaching space through the physical progression of occupied space. While the definitive transitional moment allows the straddling of dual experiences, the individual will inhabit one defined experience while perceptively dwelling within the other, never concurrently experiencing both spaces. The adjacent page exhibits the influence physical scale has over the perception of spatial experience. The contained space is perceived heightened due to visual connections and contrast to extended future experience. Spatial release is anticipated, and eventually, experienced along the edge of the overhead plane, effectively transitioning proportions and experience of perceived space.
These connected spreads explore the effect that variations in formal scale have over the experienced progression through space. In the earlier section, defined spaces evolve orientations from horizontal to vertical. The physical transition, along the inclined plane, gradually shifts spatial perception from contained, elongated expanses to grand, open heights. Similarly, in the upcoming modeled experience, the left portion of space is bounded and parallels the individual scale, while the right portion radically shifts to create a vertical extension of open space.
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No. 4 oMODEL PLATESNo.13-18
SCALE + ENCLOSURE PERCEPTION
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No. 4 oMODEL PLATESNo.13-18
SCALE + ENCLOSURE DEGREES
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Degrees of physical enclosure refine perception of spatial boundaries, inform physical movement, and allow extended inhabitation. Throughout the architecture, juxtaposed, interacting boundaries and parallel conditions heighten the experiential awareness as space constantly shifts from open to enclosed. Each spatial experience, while informed by the degree of enclosure, challenges this physical experience to be governed by perceived connections to surrounding spaces. Transition through the enclosure requires gradation of physical containment to evolve the experiential conditions, and an entry point to bridge the individual scale.
PROPORTIONS
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No. 3 oMODEL PLATESNo.24-27
The glass element maintains a dichotomy of space by both defining occupied space and extending experienced space. Through the brief continuation of the physical stairs and floor elements, beyond the glass, the boundary of space transitions and softens the distinction of spatial experiences.
SCALE + ENCLOSURE DEGREES
PLATENo.52
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how does
degrees of physical enclosure impact perception of defined space? Architecture utilizes a range of physical enclosures to inform the progression of experienced space. Through shared degrees of enclosure, individual moments inherit manifested connections and influence perceived continuity of experiences. These physical connections can either overlay existing perceptions of spatial boundaries, or juxtapose unrelated individual spaces to form new connections. In this way, defined spaces can be expanded or fragmented through the presence of physical enclosure. The architecture exhibits a range of physical enclosure to layer additional definition to each individual space and to inform the overall progression. Within the drawing, each instance of completely enclosed space connects the contained space through a shared physical experience. These connected spaces can enhance existing connections of space, like in the rear vertical moment of pause, or establish a comparison of perceived unrelated spaces, like in the forward staircase.
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Physically open space heightens the connection with experienced infinite exterior to engage dwelling of boundless space. The physical boundaries of defined, open space are continually in question, further enhancing extended inhabitation. Due to the heightened presence of the exterior space, the dominance of the physical form recedes in order to amplify the perception of fluid space.
PLATENo.47
The architecture exhibits a range of physical enclosure to layer additional definition to each individual space and to inform the overall progression. Within the drawing, each instance of completely enclosed space connects the contained space through a shared physical experience. These connected spaces can enhance existing connections of space, like in the rear vertical moment of pause, or establish a comparison of perceived unrelated spaces, like in the forward staircase.
SCALE + ENCLOSURE DEGREES
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MODELNo.2
can physical enclosure create a
contrast
in perceived spatial PLATENo.50
experience ?
Each spatial experience is determined as a combination of physical enclosure and perceived containment. Through the dominance of one of these influences, the dual experiences can diverge and create dynamic space that exists within contrasting experiential conditions. In this way, physically open space can be experienced as contained, or enclosed space can support open, extended inhabitations. The secondary role afforded physical enclosures allow spatial conditions to be developed independent of the physical ground plane resulting in open perceptions of space underground or contained experiences in infinite exterior space.
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MODELNo.1
No. 1 oMODEL PLATES No . 1-2
MODEL No. 2 PLATES No . 4-5
In both the left model and the previous spatial render, the defined space generates a perceived experience of containment. While the model uses the physical containment of form to create this spatial experience, the rendering achieves the experience through open and vertically connected spaces. In both instances, the occupied space is dominant and experiences extended space through glimpses. The moment illustrated at right, and the opposite render exhibit similar open spatial experiences. The physical model uses interaction with the central pyramid aperture to create vertical connection to the exterior, while the render utilizes experiential dwelling to parallel spatial perception. Both explorations enable extended experience of infinite space, but through different physical interaction.
PLATENo.47
SCALE + ENCLOSURE DEGREES
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Enclosed space defines clear spatial boundaries to enhance perceived dominance of physically occupied space and to highlight spatial connections within the shared degrees of enclosure. Glass elements enable experiential expansion of inhabited space, while still maintaining a distinct order of spatial hierarchy. Within enclosed spaces, the physical form and the subsequently defined occupied space remain dominant, while connected, secondary spaces expand perception of experienced space.
PLATENo.50
The rendered moment, above, utilizes the shifts in physical enclosure to define occupied spatial boundaries while still allowing extended inhabitation. The movement down the adjacent staircase defines a clear spatial momentum that is physically halted by the presence of the glass pane, but experientially enables juxtaposition of dwelling in the upward exterior space.
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PLATENo.47
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The degrees of physical enclosure enable the gradation of spatial experiences and the transition of physical containment. Shifts in spatial proportions enhance the presence of the overhead in the direction of compression, and expand perceived spatial boundaries in the direction of enlargement. The physical form influences perceived spatial limits and the glass, as an enclosure element, enables physical containment to extend levels of inhabitation. The model transitions perceptions of space from the foremost open experience to the beyond enclosed space through the combination of the glass panel and physical recess between the angled element and wall. The shift in scale creates a parallel experiential shift to contained space, preparing the individual for physical containment. Similarly, the glass panel extends inhabitation and softens the perceived boundaries between connected spaces.
No. 5 oMODEL PLATESNo.40-46
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DEGREES DEGREES OF OF ENCLOSURE ENCLOSURE
Each point of entry in the overall architecture transitions the individual from the exterior’s expanse into the enclosed space, and proportions the entire architecture through the individual’s scale. In the same way that shifts in scale transition individual moments of enclosure, the gradual introduction of defined boundaries evolves spatial perception from the boundless exterior back to compositional boundaries within the architecture. The entrance orients the individual’s entire overall understanding, and effectively informs the various designated sequences of architectural progression. The entry point, on this page, starts in the far right stairs and progresses through a shared enclosure, before the overall space is presented and the individual can choose to enter the top level of architecture or descend the staircase to interact with the mid-level. The physical enclosure limits the extension of inhabitation to heighten the simultaneous reveals of both floors’ entrances. Similarly, the lower entrance, on the adjacent page, is accessed through the gradual decension of architecture and surrounds the enclosed vertical moment of pause. This contrast from the overhead ground mass enhances the awareness of the approaching enclosure, and transitions the experience from the initial spatial containment of ground through the physical containment of enclosed space.
PLATENo.24
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MODEL No. 5
PLATESNo.40-46
The physical presence of the staircases defines scale and informs perceived proportions of each element relative to that scale. The degrees of enclosure transition the progression of space from the initial landing to the back contained experience. Through the extending overhead plane and subsequent shaded entrance, the initial open perception of space is gradually filtered to evolve the experience to match the physical containment,
SCALE + ENCLOSURE PERCEPTION
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how can
SCALE
relative perceptions of scale and degrees of physical enclosure impact the experience of architectural space ? The experienced scale and physical enclosure impact spatial perception through established connections, between adjoining and exterior spaces, and layered, experienced inhabitations to inform the overall spatial understanding. Interacting proportions of physical elements determine a relatively defined spatial perception that enables the edge to create intermediary boundaries and to transition the experience beyond physical limitations. The introduction of the human scale defines the specific scope through which the overall proportioned architectural space can be experienced and informs the construction of proportioned elements, like stairs and entrances, that directly interact with the individual. Together, extended connections of space influence degrees of experiential inhabitation and determine the perception of experienced space. Physical enclosure informs perceived spatial boundaries, but when experiential conditions that produce a dominant spatial connection are present, deviation from the physical containment perceives space through that heighten experiential connection. The conditions of shifting scales and degrees of physical enclosure influence the individual’s spatial experiences and maintain continuity of perceived space throughout the transition of experiences resulting from interacting physical forms, connected spatial experiences, and adjacent moments of enclosure.
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