Cultural and Performing Arts Institute Hebbal, Bangalore
Nikita Verma A/2116/2009 School of Planning and Architecture New Delhi
Architectural Thesis 2014 Studio Co-ordinator: Prof. Neerja Tiku Guides: Shri Santosh Auluck, Ms. Tanuja Kanvinde
Architectural Thesis 2014 | 1
Declaration The research work in the thesis titled “Cultural and Performing Arts Institute, Hebbal, Bangalore” has been carried out by the undersigned as part of the undergraduate program in the Department of Architecture, School of Planning and Architecture, New Delhi- 110002, India under the supervision of Ms. Tanuja Kanvinde and Shri. Santosh Auluck and coordination of Prof. Neerja Tiku. The matter contained in this thesis is original and has not been submitted elsewhere.
Nikita Verma A/2116/2009
Cultural and Performing Arts Institute, Hebbal Bangalore
Architectural Thesis 2014 | 2
Certificate This thesis was carried out during the months of January- May 2014, the tenth semester in the Department of
Architecture of School of Planning and Architecture, New Delhi. Thereafter, based on the declaration of the candidate, the thesis was placed in front of the external jury held on 21st and 22nd May, 2014. For this work the candidate was awarded the following marks: 1.
Internal Evaluation during the semester
______ out of 300 marks.
2.
External Jury Evaluation, 21st and 22nd May, 2014
______ out of 350 marks
On successful completion of the Bachelor of Architecture Course by the candidate, the undersigned hereby accepts the thesis Report on behalf of the Department, s that it may be placed in the Architecture Library.
_________________________ (Prof. Neerja Tiku) Thesis Co-ordinator 2014 Department of Architecture, School of Planning and Architecture, New Delhi- 110002 Cultural and Performing Arts Institute, Hebbal Bangalore
Architectural Thesis 2014 | 3
सारााँश मनष्ु य जाति हमेशा से पानी के िट पर बस्िी आई है। चाहे वो कोई नदी का ककनारा हो, समद्र ु ा या कोई सरोवर, इन जलाशयों का बहुि महत्वपर् ू ण सम्बंध रहा है मानव के सामाजजक ऐंव संस्कृतिक जीवन से। प्रोद्योगिकीय ऐंव अर्णसासरीय ववकसन की दौड़ में कई शेहरों ने अपने जल स्रोि ऐंव उनके िटों को नज़रअंदाज़ कर ददया। सार् ही शेहरों के बढ़ने से संस्कृतिक केन्द्द्रों की उपेक्षा हुई है । जहां एक िरफ अचल सम्पिी िेज़ी से शेहर के महत्वपर् ू ण स्र्लों पर अपना तनशान छोड़िी जा रही है , वहीं कला और समाज से जड़ ु े संस्र्ानों की कमी हो रही है । उत्िर बंिलोर में जस्र्ि हे ब्बल सरोवर के ककनारे एक स्र्ल है जो मास्टरप्लॅ न २०१५ के अनस ु ार संस्कृतिक ितिववगधयों से सम्बंगधि योजना के ललये तनयि है । इसी स्र्ान पर मैं एक प्रदशणनीय कला को समवपणि संस्र्ान की रचना करना चाहिी हूूँ। यह संस्र्ान नत्ृ य, नाट्य और संिीि सीखाने के अलावा, ३०० लशष्यों के रे हने ठे हरने की आवस्र्ा, क़ला प्रदशणनीय के ललये लिन्द्न प्रकार की जिह, ऐंव कुछ सवणजतनक क्षेत्रों का घर होिा। हे ब्बल सरोवर के िट को जीर्ोद्धार करने का यह प्रयास शहर में एक नया संस्कृतिक गचन्द्ह स्र्ावपि करने की चेष्टा है ।
Cultural and Performing Arts Institute, Hebbal Bangalore
Architectural Thesis 2014 | 4
Acknowledgements I would like to express my sincere thanks to my thesis guides Ms. Tanuja Kanvinde and Shri. Santosh Auluck for guiding me throughout the research and design process. I also thank my studio coordinator and other faculty members for their constant advice and efforts. I also express my gratitude to Ar. Gerard Da Cunha for his timely help in my case study on ‘Nrityagram’ . I thank my friends and family for their support and encouragement and valuable discussions. I am grateful to my juniors Tushar Verma, Shambhavi Singh, Siriki Priyanka and Priyank Jaiswal for their timely help and support towards the climax.
Cultural and Performing Arts Institute, Hebbal Bangalore
Architectural Thesis 2014 | 5
Contents Declaration Certificate Acknowledgements Contents List of Figures
1
1. Thesis Search • Introduction • Choice of Topic • Proposition
11
2. Research Areas and Case Studies • Research Areas - Understanding the spaces - Lake systems - Design strategies • Case Studies - Bharat Bhavan, Bhopal - Kalakshetra, Chennai - Nrityagram, Hessaraghatta - The Royal Danish Playhouse, Copenhagen
15
3. Design Project •Project Scope •Area Program •Requirements
44
Cultural and Performing Arts Institute, Hebbal Bangalore
Architectural Thesis 2014 | 6
4. Site Study •Location of site •Neighborhood, Precinct and the City •Topography, Climate and Natural Features •Accessibility •Masterplan
48
5. Design Initiation •Challenges •SWOT •Psychometric Analysis •Passive Design Strategies •Spatial Organization
57
6. Design Translation •Concept
63
7. Design Evolution •Stage 1 •Stage 2 •Stage 3 •Stage 4 •Stage 5
64
Cultural and Performing Arts Institute, Hebbal Bangalore
Architectural Thesis 2014 | 7
8.The Finale • Final Zoning • Site Plan • Circulation • Floor Plans • Sections • Roof Plan • 3D Views • Model Photographs
69
Glossary Bibliography
Cultural and Performing Arts Institute, Hebbal Bangalore
Architectural Thesis 2014 | 8
List of Figures Figure 1: Bryghusgrunden mixed use, Copenhagen Figure 2: Kilden Performing Arts center, Norway Figure 3: Kankaria Lakefront, Gujarat Figure 4: The city: Location Figure 5: Site location with respect to the city Figure 6: Establishing a Relationship Figure 7: Royal Danish Playhouse on the Harbour, bustling with activity Figure 8: Understanding spaces and their overlaps Figure 9: Typical dance studio plan Figure 10: Internal view of a dance studio and the careful integration of services and architecture Figure 11: Noise reduction between two rooms Figure 12: Suggested layout for a music studio Figure 13: Suitable reverberation times Figure 14; Suggested acoustic treatments to music classroom Figure 15; Suggested acoustic treatments to Riyaaz room Figure 16.1: the three part studio plan and section in case of larger studios Figure 16.2:Suggested general layout for drama classroom Figure 17; Koothambalam at the Kalamandalam, Kerala Figure 18; Mandapa from a temple in Shimoga Figure 19:Most common plan forms for auditoria Figure 20; A 1000 seat amphitheatre plan Figure 21:Lakes of Bangalore Figure 22; Bharat Bhavan Location Figure 23; Bharata Bhavan photographs Figure 24; Bharat Bhavan plan Figure 25; Section Figure 26; Kalakshetra Location Figure 27: satellite view
Cultural and Performing Arts Institute, Hebbal Bangalore
Architectural Thesis 2014 | 9
Figure 28: The focal Banyan Tree Figure 29: Site Plan, Kalakshetra Figure 30: Roof of the Koothambalam, as seen from far Figure 31: cut-iso view of the Koothambalam Figure 32: Side Elevation, Koothambalam Figure 33: Koothambalam interiors Figure 34: Open air theatre Figure 35: Padma Pushkarini Figure 36: Studios/ Classrooms Figure 37: Hostel Buildings Figure 38: Dining hall Figure 39: Location map Figure 40: Accessibility Figure 41: Site Plan Concept Sketch Figure 42: Gurukul courtyard and stairs Figure 43: Gurukul plan Figure 44: Section of service block and gurukul Figure 45: Guest cottages Figure 46: Temple Figure 47: yoga center Figure 48: Sculpture Garden Figure 49: Ampitheatre Figure 50: Service Block Plan Figure 51: Amphitheatre view and plan Figure 52: Site section through Amphitheatre before and after Figure 53: Satellite Image Figure 54: The Harbour and the context Figure 55: The waterfront Figure 56: site plan Figure 57: Site Figure 58: Bangalore map showing major lakes and roads
Cultural and Performing Arts Institute, Hebbal Bangalore
Architectural Thesis 2014 | 10
Figure 59: Site Demarcation Figure 60: Site Location Figure 61: Masterplan Figure 62: Bangalore Structure Plan Figure 63: The Precinct Figure 64: Hebbal Flyover Figure 65: Neighborhood map Figure 66: Site Photographs Figure 67: Site View from Embassy lake Terraces, opposite side of the site along Bellary Road Figure 68: Climate data Figure 69: Southern edge of site is bordered by lake Figure 70: BMTC Depot Figure 71: Hebbal railway station Figure 72: Hebbal flyover Figure 73: Site Drawing Scale 1:2000 Figure 74: Psychometric Chart Figure 75: Psychometric Chart showing effect of indirect evaporative cooling Figure 76: cooling because of water body Figure 77: Extended comfort zone with proper natural ventilation Figure 78: Suitable natural ventilation techniques Figure 79: The site and lake relationship Figure 80: A connected series of courtyards and open spaces responding to site and program elements. Figure 81: Gradual increase in massing in response to lake Figure 82: Vernacular elements Figure 83: maintaining visual and movement axes Figure 84: Enhancing the ‘amidst the nature’ experience
Cultural and Performing Arts Institute, Hebbal Bangalore
Architectural Thesis 2014 | 11
1.Thesis Search 1.01 Introduction
public uses in the Masterplans lie vacant in wait of
Our view of cities is a mix of reality and truth, hype
government
and perception usually filtered through media
encroached upon or misused in some other way as a
representations. The overall culture of a place and
timely intercession by authorities fails to happen.
the arts help define and shape identity, perception
The fact that most Indian cities have realized the
and image within the city’s own terms. The drive to
importance of developing their waterfronts only in
create rich sensory environments in cities provides
recent years, clearly depicts the missing connection
new opportunities for those working in the creative
between the city an its water bodies.
professions. (Landry, 2010)
Most cities are in transition, especially those with an
With the cities growing into urban sprawls and
industrial past, and need to renew and revitalize
agglomerations, the need for a planned growth of
their economic base in order to move up the value
cultural and public spaces in the expanded city is
chain and to become more knowledge intensive
often ignored. The commercial, residential and other
places. The cultural sphere , without denial is the
forms of works places take the front seat in these
missing link and solution to all these issues.
developments which are a result of real estate
There is a need to switch the question: Not what is
driven projects away from the city centers. The
the value of imagination creativity, culture, heritage,
cultural and public realm falls short in keeping pace
the arts or design for city development. Instead,
with such developments.
what is the cost of not thinking of imagination,
Meanwhile prime pockets of land in the city often
creativity, culture, design, art and heritage?
interventions.
These
often
get
Figure 1: Bryghusgrunden mixed use, Copenhagen
Figure 2: Kilden Performing Arts center, Norway
next to natural features, water bodies, ecological sites etc, though demarcated for public and semi
Figure 3: Kankaria Lakefront, Gujarat
Cultural and Performing Arts Institute, Hebbal Bangalore
Architectural Thesis 2014 | 12
1.02 Choice of Topic
and as a result only 17 good lakes exist as against 51
With my family currently staying in Bangalore, this thesis
healthy lakes in 1985. Urban development has caused 16
gives me the opportunity to look at city level issues and
lakes getting converted to bus stands, Golf courses,
through my observations, readings, research and
playgrounds and residential colonies.
discussions with various people in and off the field, I
The Bangalore Development Authority and Lake
tried to identify a subject which could be solved by an
Development Authority over the past few years are now
architectural intervention that suited my interests and at
working on conservation of the lakes and developing the
the same time to create an example of how such
waterfronts for public and semi public uses.
interventions could do justice to similar problems at a
Secondly, Bangalore being overshadowed by its IT image
larger scale.
in the recent past has overlooked the need to expand
Bangalore is the capital city of the Indian state
the cultural institutions specially in the regions that have
of Karnataka. Located on the Deccan Plateau in the
become a part of the agglomeration lately. It lacks
south-eastern
landmark cultural complexes that a metropolitan city
part
of
Karnataka.
Bangalore
is
India's third most populous city and fifth-most populous
demands.
urban agglomeration. Bangalore is known as the Silicon
Thus overlapping the two identified major concerns, a
Valley of India because of its role as the nation's leading
cultural intervention on a waterfront site seemed idyllic
Information Technology (IT) exporter. The city blessed
in a truly urban context.
with a salubrious climate, was once famous for beautiful
Moreover, it would help create a development model at
gardens, parks and natural lakes.
a national level, helping to create awareness abut the
The effect of urbanization has taken a heavy toll on
water eco system and lake conservation at the same
the Beautiful lakes in Bangalore. The lakes in the city
time. Generating activity along a lakeside site in a
have been largely encroached for urban infrastructure
sensitive architectural fashion would be essential.
Karnataka
Bangalore
Figure 4: The city: Location
Cultural and Performing Arts Institute, Hebbal Bangalore
Architectural Thesis 2014 | 13
1.03 Proposition
To Bellary
The Site Hebbal is an area in Bangalore, which was once
Outer Ring Road
Hebbal
indicative of the north endpoint of the city. Though originally famous for Hebbal Lake, it is now better known for the serpentine maze of flyovers that network the Outer Ring Road and Bellary Road. The Hebbal Lake is located in the north of Bangalore at the mouth of National Highway 7, along the junction of Bellary Road and the Outer Ring Road(ORR). It was one of the three lakes created in 1537 by Kempe Gowda. A project for lake restoration funded under
the
Indo-Norwegian
Environment
Programme which led to major changes in the ecosystem began in 1998. Two artificial islands were created using the soil from desilting under this project. These vegetated islands have become
the roost sites of many water-birds. At the north eastern end of the lake there lies a plot of approximately 4 ha. demarcated for a public or semi public use in the Masterplan 2015.
BANGALORE CITY MAP Figure 5: Site location with respect to the city
Cultural and Performing Arts Institute, Hebbal Bangalore
Architectural Thesis 2014 | 14 Architectural Intervention
Through this project, an attempt will be made to
Establishing an integrated multi arts institute,
amalgamate the Gurukul tradition and the
housing residential schools for the performing arts
contemporary ways of teaching the performing
-dance, music and drama. The center is to have a
arts in the same complex. It will be an effort to
dedicated public zone that would have an
provide a holistic environment for learning and
auditorium, art and exhibition galleries, silk
performing the arts, close to the nature yet within
museum, arts and crafts workshops and a
the urban context- establishing a harmony in the
restaurant.
teaching traditions, spaces and lifestyle. The
The proposal is an effort to establish a link
learning, performing and residential areas will be
between the city and its lakefronts through
included in one whole complex to remove the gaps
cultural public or semi-public spaces built in a
between theses activities.
sensitive manner. The idea is to generate a
The complex will try to use the waterfront for
landmark for Bangalore and offer a boost to its
activities spreading across a wider range of time
lake conservation and rejuvenation aspirations.
and kind and not limit them to recreational and
It is a well established fact that cultural landmarks
amusement parks as done to most lakesides in
on waterfront sites have led to enhancing of
Bangalore.
awareness and activities regarding the water
The
ecosystems and their importance apart from
architectural design to a sensitive and prime site
revitalizing the waterfronts throughout the world
amidst the urban context
cities . Sydney Opera House in Australia, Kilden
traditional Gurukulasampradaya with the modern
Performing arts Center in Norway, The Royal
pedagogy.
Danish Playhouse in Denmark etc. are a few examples to name.
challenge
is
to
create
a
City
Cultural and Performing Arts Institute
Culture
Lakefront
•Expansion •Identity
•Cultural Spaces •Missing link
•Rejuvenation •Sensitive architecture
Figure 6: Establishing a Relationship
responsive
harmonizing the
Figure 7: Royal Danish Playhouse on the Harbour, bustling with activity
Cultural and Performing Arts Institute, Hebbal Bangalore
Architectural Thesis 2014 | 15
2. Research Areas and Case Studies 2.01 Research
The following case studies will be done:
The primary research would focus on studying the
-Bharat Bhavan, Bhopal
various spaces- their meaning, requirements and
- Kalakshetra, Chennai
qualities.
-Nrityagram, Hessaraghatta
Performing Arts Institute:
- The
•Teaching and Learning spaces
Denmark
•Performing Spaces
The tertiary research would be concerned with the
•Residential Spaces
design development and would go hand in hand with
•Common facilities
it. The theories and philosophies related to concept
Waterfront Development
development, design strategies, suitable landscaping
•The lake systems
etc that is responsive to the context, climate and the
•Lake conservation and rejuvenation
lake would be taken up briefly.
•Sensitive ways for developing the immediate
Overall the research would aim at comprehending
lakefront
the needs of the various spaces and their overlaps
The secondary research would be the case studies
with each other and the surroundings.
and their analysis. The inferences and learning from
All the investigation would aim at creating a design
them would help in the design development and will
and development model for similar sites exploring
be an important part of the research. The case
suitable architectural ways
studies would also supplement the primary research
achieved.
Royal
Danish
Playhouse,
The site and surroundings
Copenhagen,
Lakefront development
Performing arts Institute
Figure 8: Understanding spaces and their overlaps
in which it can be
in understanding the spaces that are part of the area program.
Cultural and Performing Arts Institute, Hebbal Bangalore
Architectural Thesis 2014 | 16
Teaching and Learning Spaces
Dance Studio Requirements as per NDTA-
and for this reason a rectangular space is most
•The Traditional or Gurukul System:
National Dance Teachers Association , UK are as
useful.
The Gurukul is the traditional system of learning,
follows. All forms of dances including Indian
•10m x 9m is a minimum size, providing space
specially classical music and dance, whereby the
dances are taken care of in these specifications:
for eighteen adults to take part in any dance
Guru (teacher) and the shishyas (students) lived
1. Floor area
technique
nearby or in the same house.
The teaching
The amount of floor area required depends on
dimensions for choreographic work without a
activity happened mostly in open spaces and
three variables: the number of participants
feeling of being cramped.
there were no designated classrooms. The
normally expected to take part in activities, the
2. Vestibule
system often existed in large ashram complexes.
age of participants and the type of activity
A space of 6-12 square metres within the dance
•The Modern system
envisaged.
studio, but separated from the area of the dance
The moderns system of performing arts training
•Realistically, in a cost-conscious world, it would
floor, is invaluable. The entrance to the studio
consists of studio where the pupils learn and
be unwise to envisage catering for less than
should be into this area.
rehearse. The studios are attached to other
eighteen participants.
•It accommodates space for any musical
spaces like lecture rooms, libraries, recording
•A useful rule of thumb is to provide a minimum
instrument/electronic
studios etc. Most often they are treated like
of three square metres for each participant of
locker space etc.
classrooms for any other subject minus the
the primary school age range and five square
furniture.
metres for those in the secondary and tertiary
In the present Indian scenario- there exist a
age range.
variety of typologies of performing arts schools.
•Studios have been built with a variety of
From the gurukul adaptations to contemporary
shapes, ovals, circular and with curving walls.
class
Such spaces impose limitations; for many dance
room structure, many
followed.
systems
are
class
and
providing
device,
appropriate
visitor
space,
VESTIBULE
activities it is necessary to be able to locate front Figure 9: Typical dance studio plan
Cultural and Performing Arts Institute, Hebbal Bangalore
Architectural Thesis 2014 | 17 3. Studio Height
4. Sound
6. Floor surface
The height of the studio relates to the
It is important that sound accompaniment is
The floor is the most important attribute for the
circulation of fresh air and to the opportunity to
heard crisply within the studio, but it is essential
dancer, and for the dance teacher. Every step
jump and lift. But the height requirement goes
that
and jump is responded to by the quality of the
beyond the purely physical.
workspaces.
• A plentiful supply of fresh air is necessary for
it
does
not
contaminate
adjoining
floor underfoot. Every dance step or jump on an
• Sound insulation is a primary structural
unyielding surface wears down the resilience of
the dancer to replenish energy quickly. But
consideration. Cavity walls are invaluable, and
the body and brings the risk of injury, and the
beyond the physiological need the dancer
these may have baffling material enclosed or on
prospect of long term damage, closer.
performs best with a sense of being able to
the surface. Inner and outer doors should be
•The ideal is a fully sprung floor permanently
expand into the space. The dancer not only
close-fitting and solid, with spring closures, and
laid, and exclusively used, for the purpose of
moulds lines and shapes in personal space, but
the space between such doors needs to be
dancing.
also creates implied lines, streaming out into the
thoroughly baffled.
space beyond. Height is important for the
Smooth wooden floor is suitable for barefoot
• Within the space excessive reverberation from
expression of aspiration.
hard surfaces needs to be avoided. Partial wall
• Physically it is important to have headroom so
curtaining has acoustic as well as aesthetic value.
that the dancer never feels inhibited in achieving
5. Interior design
height. The opportunity for one dancer to stand on the shoulders of another and raise her/his arms in the air, makes a height of at least 3.5m
ideal. This height gives an appropriate sense of spaciousness.
dancing. Adequate steps should be taken to eliminate the introduction of grit on the floor as
this will cause damage to the surface.
•A complete wall of mirror up to the height of 2200mm, in which all participants can clearly observe their dance image, is ideal. There are, however, situations where being able to see ones image while dancing is a hindrance. Mirrors should have curtaining, which is independent of other curtaining, to cover them
Figure 10: Internal view of a dance studio and the careful integration of services and architecture
Cultural and Performing Arts Institute, Hebbal Bangalore
Architectural Thesis 2014 | 18 Music Studio Requirements
Acoustics: Suitable reverberation time for
The spatial requirements of a music studio is
music rehearsals ranges between 0.6 and 1
similar to that of the dance studio. The music
second. There are two ways to reduce the
classroom needs better acoustics and sound
reverberation time of a room: either the
insulation though. The requirements for
sound absorption must be increased or the
good rehearsal facilities are
volume must be decreased. Increasing the
• good sound insulation (should be ensured
sound absorption in a classroom is generally
when built, as it is difficult to improve
easier to achieve than reductions in volume.
later without extensive repairs) and proper
(www.acousticalsociety.org, 2014)
background noise levels;
Small music rooms vary in size, and
• a sufficient amount of absorption;
accommodate diverse groups ranging from a
• special requirements for the instruments
solo
need
ensembles. Louder instruments need larger
to be met (floor, reflecting wall, etc.);
rooms. As music students can spend up to
• other environmental controls were needed
40 hours per week in music practice and
(ventilation, lighting, temperature).
rehearsal rooms, these rooms are very
Apart from the group studios, Indian
important in the daily activity of a music
Classical Music requires spaces for Riyaaz
school or department [Lamberty, 1980].
instrumentalist
to
small
Figure 11: Noise reduction between two rooms
music Figure 12: Suggested layout for a music studio
(individual practice). These don’t necessarily have to be always closed. These require a space of approx 10 sq.m per room, capacity single person. The music studios need to be attached to storage spaces for instruments.
Figure 13: Suitable reverberation times
Cultural and Performing Arts Institute, Hebbal Bangalore
Architectural Thesis 2014 | 19 full length drapes on two sides used to framed pinboards set at an vary acoustic angle provide surface response modelling to promote diffusion
Although rooms with non parallel walls, floors and ceilings are
storage provides sound insulation between two classrooms
preferred for music rooms, to maximize the utilization of the available space, the rooms are normally designed rectangular in
size with floors and ceilings perpendicular to walls. Curved walls solid core door with small vision panel
are not recommended for small rooms to avoid focusing and
Door frame should be properly designed and sealed
(Osman, 2010)
undesirable effects. Wall at an angle to avoid flutter echoes and standing waves
Shelving for sound diffusion
Small window to minimize external noise
Thin pile carpet on floor
Drapes can be used to vary acoustic response
Window with good sound insulation
Figure 14; Suggested acoustic treatments to music classroom
Figure 15; Suggested acoustic treatments to Riyaaz room
Cultural and Performing Arts Institute, Hebbal Bangalore
Architectural Thesis 2014 | 20 Drama Studio Requirements As per Time Saver Standards, a large drama studio is generally divided into three parts: A- a raised platform acting as a stage. B-
some fixed seating on an inclined floor accommodating about 30 students, with chairs equipped with movable tablet arms . Within some individual teaching practices the area might be preferred with a flat floor
with movable chairs , C- A flat floor area between the two which acts as the playing area for rehearsal, demonstration etc. The total length of the room in this case is about 20m. For practical reasons these large
Figure 16.1: the three part studio plan and
studios are also used for performances for
section in case of larger studios
small scale productions.
A . Fixed seating ; B. potential arena staging ;
The stage depth should be at least 4m and
C. elevated stags, no fixed proscenium ; D.
height over it more than the usual classroom
elevated walkways on each side of the room
height.
serve as work tables and arena seating and
For smaller studios the seating area is
provide
omitted. The studios require a green room/
underneath ; E . projection room.
dressing room in all cases along with storage for props and costumes.
chair
and
platform
storage Figure 16.2; Suggested general layout for drama classroom
Cultural and Performing Arts Institute, Hebbal Bangalore
Architectural Thesis 2014 | 21
Performing Spaces
Thrissur in central Kerala is approximately 72 ft
•The Temple Mandapa-
The performing spaces will be studied under two
x 55 ft (22 m x 16.75 m)and is one of the large
In the Hindu temple the Mandapa is a porch-like
heads: traditional and contemporary, looking at
examples. The stage and backstage extend up to
structure
both indoor and outdoor types.
half the length of the space and therefore the
gateway) and leading to the temple. It is used for
Traditional Performing Areas:
auditorium can be considered to be only about
religious dancing and music and is part of the
•The Koothambalam-
36 ft (11 m) deep x 55 ft (16.75 m) wide. The
basic temple compound. The Koothambalam is
Koothambalam or Kuttampalam meaning temple
unique feature of the Koothambalam from a
an enclosed space while the temple Mandapa is
theatre is a closed hall for staging traditional art
modern perspective is its method of enclosing
open except for the columns/ pillars
forms in Kerala. A square platform with a
space from the sides. Instead of walls, it has a
Many classical dance and music performances
separate pyramidal roof supported by pillars in
slanted and sometimes curved plane of trellis-
traditionally happened in these Mandapas.
the center called natyamandapam is constructed
work, which always lets the breeze – along with
as s separate structure within the large hall of
intimations of everyday life outside – into the
Koothambalam. The floor of the hall is divided
performance space.
through
the
(gopuram)
(ornate
into two equal halves and one part is for performance (including stage, instruments, green room etc.) and other half for seating audience. The structure is rectangular in plan with a hipped roof with a slope of 45º.Within its dark, cavernous interior stands another wooden structure which is the roof over the stage. The Koothambalam is a small space by modern standards – the one in the temple complex at
Figure 17; Koothambalam at the Kalamandalam, Kerala
Figure 18; Mandapa from a temple in Shimoga
Cultural and Performing Arts Institute, Hebbal Bangalore
Architectural Thesis 2014 | 22 Contemporary Performing Areas: •Auditoriums-
•Amphitheatres-
An auditorium is a room built to enable an
An amphitheatre is an open-air venue used for
audience to hear and watch performances at
entertainment, performances, and sports.
venues such as theatres.
contemporary amphitheatre, in the sense in
-The floor area of the hall including ,gangways
which the word has come to be popularly used
(excluding the stage) should be calculated on the
now,
basis of 0.6 to 0.9 m2 per person.
performance space, particularly one located
-The height of the hall is determined by such
outdoors. Contemporary amphitheatres often
considerations as ventilation, presence (or
include standing structures, called bandshells,
absence)
sometimes curved or bowl-shaped, both behind
of
balcony
and
the
type
of
is
a
curved,
acoustically
A
vibrant
performance.
the stage and behind the audience, creating an
-The average height may vary from 6 m for small
area which echoes or amplifies sound, making
halls to 7.5 m for large halls. Ceiling may be flat
the amphitheatre ideal for musical or theatrical
but it is preferable to provide a slight increase in
performances.
the height near the centre of hall.
One of the first aids to good sightlines is an
-The volume per person required to be provided
effective slope . Seats may be set on a rising
should normally range between 3.5 to 5.5 m3.
parabolic curve, or on two different inclines, a
-it is recommended that the distance of the
fairly mild slope for the lower half of auditorium
‘farthest seat from the curtain line should not
(the half near the main stage) and a steeper
normally exceed 23 meters.
slope for the upper (rear) half . The slope
(Code Of Practice For Acoustical Design Of
recommended for the lower portion is 12 and
Auditoriums And Conference Halls, 1998)
for the upper 24’ or steeper .
Figure 19; Most common plan forms for auditoria
Figure 20; A 1000 seat amphitheatre plan
Cultural and Performing Arts Institute, Hebbal Bangalore
Architectural Thesis 2014 | 23
Lake Systems and Hebbal Hebbal Lake: Like most lakes or "tanks" in the Bangalore region it was formed by the damming natural valley systems by the construction of bunds. The spread of the lake
in a study in 2000 was found to be 75 ha with plans for extending it to make up 143 ha. The catchment area of the lake was found to be 3750ha and this area includes the residential areas of Yeshwanthpur, Mathikere, Rajmahal Vilas Extension, Bharat Electronics
Limited and Hindustan Machine Tools Limited colonies. In 1974 the lake area was 77.95 ha and in 1998 it was 57.75 ha.Based on the rainfall of the region, the annual catchment was estimated at 15.2 million cubic metres with 3.04 million cubic metres during the Northeast Monsoon, 10.12 million cubic metres during the Southwest Monsoon and 3.28 million cubic metres in the dry season. The storage capacity of the lake was estimated in 2000 to be 2.38 million cubic metres with desilting raising it to 4.07 million cubic metres. Sewage inflow into the lake has altered the chemistry and biology of the lake. Most measured physico-chemical properties of the waters of the lake exceed the acceptable standards for sewage effluent discharge set by the Indian Standards Institute.
Figure 21; Lakes of Bangalore
Cultural and Performing Arts Institute, Hebbal Bangalore
Architectural Thesis 2014 | 24
2.02 Case Studies Bharat Bhavan, Bhopal Bharat Bhavan is multi art centre set up to create an interactive proximity between the verbal, visual and performing arts. It provides space for contemporary expression, thought, quest and innovation. It is aptly located in the heart of country in Bhopalcapital of Madhya Pradesh. SITE AREA: 9968 sqm. ARCHITECT: Charles Correa COMPLETION: 1982 VICINITY: The site is located on the upper lake’s front. It is accessed by Swaminathan Marg. Various public schools, a polytechnic, CM’s house are nearby FUNCTIONS: it houses an art gallery, a fine art workshops, an open-air amphitheatre, a studio theatre, an auditorium, a
Figure 22; Bharat Bhavan Location
museum tribal and folk art, libraries of Indian poetry, classical music as well as folk music ARCHITECTURE: Charles Correa the architect found here the possibilities of a series of terraced gardens, which would be seen cascading down to the lake. The visitors enter at the highest level and walk down a pedestrian spine, flanked by a pattern of courtyards, to reach the various parts of the complex Figure 23; Bharata Bhavan photographs
Cultural and Performing Arts Institute, Hebbal Bangalore
Architectural Thesis 2014 | 25 The terraces and courtyards reflect Correa’s concern with progression through space – the maze or puzzle – where parts are casually relieved and the complex of internal street act rather like a village layout . o
The site is on a gently sloping plateau overlooking the lake such that contours are used in design.
o
The natural contours have been used to create a series of sunken courts and terrace gardens around which are cultural facilities.
o
The terraces and courtyards are connected like a progression in space, where complex of internal streets acts like a village layout.
o
It can also be called as a non building which corresponds to the context in a very positive way.
o
The view of lake is visible from all possible terraces.
o
The materials used are red sandstone, brick sand and exposed concrete.
o
The internal finish is of marble, granite and sand-stone.
o
The OAT called Bhairang is located near the lake giving an ideal view for cultural performances.
o
Figure 24; Bharat Bhavan plan
The proportions of the building are well ordered, borrowing geometric patterns from Indian cultures making it more relevant to context.
o
.Each curve and space defines itself. Each of the part of the building is distinct yet flows easily one another, linked by meandering paths.
Figure 25; Section
Cultural and Performing Arts Institute, Hebbal Bangalore
Architectural Thesis 2014 | 26 COMPONENTS
SPACES
NO. USERS
AREA(SQ. M.)
ARTS CENTER (admin. Block)
Foyer+ lounge Reception Director’s office p.a. room Accounts Office Toilets Store
15-20
50 20 50 15 50
Conference facilities
Studio/ workshops
Lounge+ info desk Conference room-2 Store Pantry Seminar rooms-2 Dance studio-2 Music studio-2 Painting studio Textiles studio Drama studio Lithography studio Photography studio Photography lab. Sculpture workshop Pottery workshop Ceramic workshop Modelling workshop
REQUIREMENTS/REMARKS
Should have lake view Main office for organizing festival events and activities
20 20 10 25
80
100 75 10 10 150
Used by the centre during festival time and available for hire rest of the year
120 120 60 60 120 60 60 60 120 75 75 75
With attached spill out spaces
Cultural and Performing Arts Institute, Hebbal Bangalore
Architectural Thesis 2014 | 27 COMPONENTS
SPACES
Library
Circulation desk,12 reading carrels, periodicals 20 comp. terminals Stack Room(20000 books) Photocopy Store Office
NO. USERS
AREA(SQ. M.) 100
REQUIREMENTS/REMARKS Academic zone Desirable-north light
60 150 10 20 20 ____________ 360
Exhibition galleries Art galleries
Galleries Security+ office Curator’s room+ office Workshop+ storage
650 50 60 100
Includes display galleries for works done in the center.
RETAIL Retail shops
40@20 sq.m.
800
To be developed as a mix of retail
Restaurants:2
Seating: @2/ppl. Kitchen: @0.8/ppl Service yard: @0.3/ppl
75
150 60 22
With lake view
Restaurants:2
Seating: @2/ppl. Kitchen: @0.8/ppl Service yard: @0.3/ppl
50
100 40 15 ____________ 760
Cultural and Performing Arts Institute, Hebbal Bangalore
Architectural Thesis 2014 | 28 COMPONENTS
SPACES
Auditorium(300)
Foyer Admin. Office Rehearsal room Green room Toilets Hall
Theatre(500)
Foyer Ticket office Toilets Office Rehearsal room Dressing room Stage workshop Loading/unloading Projection room Auditorium
NO. USERS
15-20 20-25 20 300
20-25
AREA(SQ. M.)
REQUIREMENTS/REMARKS
250 40 60 60 50 560 ____________ 1000
Should open out into spill out area
350 10 70 50 60 60 60 20 40 800
40 20 40 5 2 500
Special acoustical treatment
No secure area, retail outlets With access to canteen Doors 3-4 m wide, extra height Controlled environment
1560 7100+35% circulation =9785 sq. m.
FAR achieved is 0.98
The landscape of the Bhavan is the built form itself that gently terminates
hierarchy in the organization of spaces, is what allows for the transition
at the lakefront forming into an amphitheatre with the cityscape itself for
courtyards to develop an informality and openness which gives this space
a backdrop reflecting in the shimmering water of the lake . The profound
its character, as a platform for sharing and building up cultural ideas.
Cultural and Performing Arts Institute, Hebbal Bangalore
Architectural Thesis 2014 | 29 Kalakshetra Kalakshetra literally means a holy place of
FUNCTIONS:
arts
academy dedicated to the preservation of
(Kala
:
Arts,
Kshetra
:
Field
Kalakshetra
is
a
cultural
or Holy place). Deriving inspiration from this
traditional values in Indian art, especially in
noble ideal, Kalakshetra was established, in
the
the words of Rukmini Devi, "with the sole
and Gandharvaveda music.
purpose of resuscitating in modern India
Kalakshetra focuses on Bharatanatyam,
recognition of the priceless artistic traditions
carnatic vocal and instrumental music, the
of our country and of imparting to the young
visual arts, traditional crafts and textile
the true spirit of Art, devoid of vulgarity and
design, textual heritage, aesthetics, history
commercialism." The training of young and
and philosophy.
talented people by masters of art, with the
COMPONENTS:
Kalakshetra
Foundation
background of a religious spirit, has been its
comprises
Kalakshetra,
The
main aim.
Theosophical High School, The Besant
SITE AREA: 40 ha
Arundale Senior Secondary School, A Craft
LOCATION :
Tiruvanmiyur village on
outskirts of Chennai COMPLETION:
1962,
field
of
Bharatanatyam
dance
Figure 26; Kalakshetra Location
Besant
Education and Research Centre including the Weaving
Koothambalam
of
Department,
the
Kalamkari
Natural-Dye Printing & Painting unit, the
auditorium in 1985
Visual Arts Center, The Bharata Kalakshetra
VICINITY: Besant Nagar, South Chennai, the
Auditorium, the Rukmini Arangam, four
complex is only a few metres away from the
libraries, the Rukmini Devi Museum, hostels,
sea.
staff quarters and guest houses.
Theosophical Society and Besant
Theosophical High School nearby.
Figure 27: satellite view
Cultural and Performing Arts Institute, Hebbal Bangalore
Architectural Thesis 2014 | 30 With a huge banyan tree in the center
The Craft Education and Research
of the Kalakshetra campus, the classes
Center of Kalakshetra is famous for
are held in cottages and in the open
reviving traditional South Indian sari
sometimes. The institution follows a
patterns and colors in silk and cotton.
gurukula system and is associated with
The Hand Block Printing Unit works
the cultivation and promotion of the
with hand-carved wooden blocks to
ancient cultural traditions of India.
create attractive saris, dress materials
The theater within the Kalakshetra is
and home linen. These units are also a
built according to the Natya Shastra.
good source of livelihood for destitute
The institute conducts research into
women from poorer sections of the
works of several renowned Sanskrit
community.
scholars to stage dance productions, not only for an Indian audience but also for major world theaters.
Figure 28: The focal Banyan Tree
Figure 29: Site Plan, Kalakshetra
Cultural and Performing Arts Institute, Hebbal Bangalore
Architectural Thesis 2014 | 31 The Auditorium
Because the auditorium is used primarily for
Designed by Appukuttan Nair, the
Bharata
dance performances, the level of the stage is just
Kalakshetra
like
18 inches higher than the lowest level of the
Auditorium
was
built
a
traditional Koothambalam in Kerala style.
seating area, enabling all audience to see the foot
Measuring 40'x40', the auditorium can seat 750.
work
50 can be accommodated on the floor directly in
Shakespearean theatre in Stratford-upon-Avon,
front of the stage. There are 428 chairs in the
thrusts forward into the audience, and there are
octagonal well of the theatre, 168 chairs on the
doors on each side for entrances and exits. There
peripheral veranda, and 104 in galleries in the
are no pillars that mar the view of the stage. The
balcony. The stage itself is raised only a foot-and-
stage is equipped with advanced lighting and
a-half from the rest of the floor, allowing the
sound systems.
clearly.
The
proscenium,
like
the
Figure 30: Roof of the Koothambalam, as seen from far
audience to clearly observe the footwork of the dancers. The building has walls of wooden slats, which allows the breeze to blow through, along with sounds from the outside. Dressing rooms are available for artists, on the ground floor. "...my intention was that the dance, now abolished in the temple should create the temple atmosphere on the stage..."- Rukmini Devi
Figure 33: Koothambalam interiors
Figure 31: cut-iso view of the Koothambalam
The stage area is 45% of the audience seating area,
reflecting
the
emphasis
that
the
auditorium's designers laid on the art and the artists. The dressing rooms are generously sized.
Figure 32: Side Elevation, Koothambalam
Cultural and Performing Arts Institute, Hebbal Bangalore
Architectural Thesis 2014 | 32 RUKMINI ARANGAM
CLASSROOMS
It was designed with the help of architect
oKalakshetra Foundation is an institution
Kiffin Peterson.
dedicated to the teaching of the arts in a
Measuring 70'x80', the
open-air space can accommodate 300 and
traditional
gurukul
an additional 50 can be accommodated on
“classrooms” here are thatched cottages
the floor directly in front of the stage.
where
Dressing rooms are available, on either side
classical music — singing, and instruments
of the stage which is covered under a
like the violin, veena, flute and mridangam
thatched roof, each measuring 10'x12'. The
are taught.
stage is made of black oxide which is
oThese are naturally lit and ventilated
suitable for effective lighting. The Rukmini
spaces. Practice sessions are often held
Arangam - open-air theatre is equipped
outdoors.
with lighting and sound systems.
oThe cottages have attached accomodation
dance
—
setting.
Bharatanatyam,
The
and
Figure 34: Open air theatre
for the guru to whom shishyas come for PADMA PUSHKARINI
learning in small groups of about 5 to10.
A pond in the campus — a stage for
oOpen spaces, spreading trees, buildings
musicians was inaugurated. Three elegant
which are open to the light and the breeze,
mandapams surround the pond, one of
cultivate a spirit of reverence for learning
which is the stage for the musicians. The
and for the environment. The cottages are
pond is bordered by granite steps and
arranged such that they for a courtyard
terraces. It is named after Dr. Padmasini,
amidst them which is landscaped and
who was a revered teacher at Kalakshetra.
maintained to act as spill outs.
Figure 35: Padma Pushkarini
Figure 36: Studios/ Classrooms
Cultural and Performing Arts Institute, Hebbal Bangalore
Architectural Thesis 2014 | 33 HOSTEL AND DINING ROOM
SANKARA MENON LIBRARY
The students reside in hostels, the buildings
The Sankara Menon Library, located next to
for which are on one end of the site for
the banyan tree, the hub of the college, is for
reasons of privacy and face the sea. Students
students, researchers and staff. The library
are housed in dormitories with large airy
contains over 10,000 books covering subjects
rooms. Three college students share a room
such as dance, music, painting, literature, and
with an attached bathroom. Each dormitory is
religion. It contains fiction in Kannada,
supervised by a resident house mother.
Malayalam, Tamil and English, and some
There is a large dining hall open to the sea
Sanskrit texts.
breeze where meals are served. It has
RUKMINI DEVI MUSEUM
attached kitchen facilities. A basic dispensary
The campus is host to a museum dedicated to
and an infirmary with two beds are available.
Rukmini Devi, the founder of Kalakshetra. The
There is a small library that may be used for
personal office of Rukmini Devi is now the
private study.
Rukmini Devi Library which has restricted
Hostel names with capacity:
access.
• Manasvini (20)
Other components of the campus are:
• Padmasini (70)
Reception and resource center
• Rukmini Vihar (25)
2 guest houses
• Seshammal Vihar (25)
Administration block
• Ananda Ashram (27)
A senior secondary school
• Arundale Ashram
Outdoor sports areas
Figure 37: Hostel Buildings
Toilet blocks- 6 in all Covered prayer hall
Figure 38: Dining hall
Cultural and Performing Arts Institute, Hebbal Bangalore
Architectural Thesis 2014 | 34
Nrityagram
offers residential courses in Odissi and
Nrityagram is a community of dancers in
Kathak and plans to expand its gurukuls
a forsaken place amidst nature. A place
to the 7 classical dances of India. The
where nothing exists, except Dance. It
gurus and students work together in the
was designed by Gerard Da Cunha,
fields and grow their own food.
following the vernacular architecture of
COMPONENTS: The gurukul is a place of
the region.
holistic living. It comprises the odissi
It is in North western part of Bangalore
gurukul, kathak gurukul, mohiniattam
about 30 kms from Hebbal
gurukul,
SITE AREA: 4 ha
amphitheater,
LOCATION : Hessaraghatta, outskirts of
block, guest cottages, dormitories and
North western Bangalore
various gardens.
COMPLETION: Inaugurated in 1990
“A place where nothing exists except
VICINITY: Hessaraghatta village, cut off
dance.
from main city.
breathe, eat, sleep, dream, talk, imagine
ARCHITECT: Gerard Da Cunha. The
- dance!” - Protima Gauri
buildings are built of mud giving the feel
ACCESSIBILITY: The nearest bus stop is
of a village. Open areas have large green
the Hessaraghatta village stop, from
cover and many trees dot the place
there an auto ride takes one to
FUNCTIONS: Nrityagram is a gurukul
Nrityagram
a
A
temple,
yoga
centre,
admin
block,
service
place
where
Nrityagram
Hebbal Figure 39: Location map
you
based residential dance school in the form of a dance village.
Currently it
Figure 40: Accessibility
Cultural and Performing Arts Institute, Hebbal Bangalore
Architectural Thesis 2014 | 35 "I dream of building a community of dancers in a forsaken place amidst nature. A place where nothing exists, except dance. A place where you breathe, eat, sleep, dream, talk, imagine - dance. A place where all the five senses can be refined to perfection. A place where dancers drop negative qualities such as jealousy, small-mindedness, greed and malice to embrace their colleagues as sisters and support each other in their journey towards becoming dancers of merit.” "A place called Nrityagram." - Protima Gauri
Traditional forms of design
-Construction –
Classrooms –
- Organic Masterplan with the architecture having
-willful agglomeration of stone, brick, mud, tile
- a hall attached with residence of teacher is used
origin in traditional forms and construction.
and thatch
for teaching - odissi and mohiniattam gurukuls
- different types of construction for different
-all external walls are mud plastered
have closed walls with small window openings
gurukuls
-three types of roof pattern
only for ventilation and light is from courtyard
- to avoid disturbances gurukuls are placed
- flat rough granite slabs
-kathak gurukula has semi open arched walls
separate and O. A. T. is kept at end
- Mangalore tile
-The entire complex is actually a garden. Most
-common dining and yoga center are placed at
-thatch pitched
food from fruits and vegetables to grain and dal,
center
even olive trees is grown. There are many sculptures used as landscaping elements.
Figure 41: Site Plan Concept Sketch
Cultural and Performing Arts Institute, Hebbal Bangalore
Architectural Thesis 2014 | 36 The design of each gurukul consisted of four elements: 1.Guru’s residence 2. Male student residence 3. Female student residence
4. Practice hall These 4 elements were gathered around a courtyard, which became a central gathering point, with the stair to the roof placed here as an element to sit on and watch the activity of the practice hall. The use of stone slab roofs determined the simple rectilinear geometry of the
residences and the guru's house was located that it had a private spillover to the east. The practice hall requiring a larger span, had a palm thatch roof. Service block had a curved shape to smoothen the passage of entry, and this geometry led to the decision of a thatched roof. Figure 43: Gurukul plan
Figure 42: Gurukul courtyard and stairs
Figure 44: Section of service block and gurukul
Cultural and Performing Arts Institute, Hebbal Bangalore
Architectural Thesis 2014 | 37 Guest cottages
These round structures, inspired by the yurts of Tibet and Ladakh, have housed some of the greatest maestros of dance and music, who have come to perform at Vasantahabba. Temple Fashioned from the raw mud of Nrityagram and fired after it was built,
the temple is dedicated to space. It is decorated with panels depicting Figure 45: Guest cottages
the elements, dance motifs, mudras and designs from costumes and ghungroos. Inside is a granite rock scooped out to hold water and a flame that stays lit. Designed and built by Ray Meeker in 1998. Yoga centre
Reminiscent of Stonehenge, the Yoga centre is an open structure attached to the temple. This space is also used for in-house performances under an open sky. Amphitheatre Figure 46: Temple
Scooped out of the red earth and built along the lines of Roman
Figure 47: yoga center
amphitheatres, this is one of the most famous structures at Nrityagram. It is here that several thousand people congregate every February for the annual Vasantahabba. Service Block Built like a reverse 2, this structure is the heart of the village. The entire community eats together here. Figure 48: Sculpture Garden
Figure 49: Ampitheater
Cultural and Performing Arts Institute, Hebbal Bangalore
Architectural Thesis 2014 | 38 The service block contains the common dining hall, kitchen and services and accommodation for the cook. It s plan is in the form of a reverse ‘2’. One reaches the gurukul by going around the service block to find a Torana which takes us further into the gurukul. The element of discovery is always there in the path and a sense of entry for every gurukul.
Figure 50: Service Block Plan
Cultural and Performing Arts Institute, Hebbal Bangalore
Architectural Thesis 2014 | 39 The Amphitheatre
Figure 51: Amphitheatre view and plan
before
Figure 52: Site section through Amphitheatre after before and after
Cultural and Performing Arts Institute, Hebbal Bangalore
Architectural Thesis 2014 | 40 The Royal Danish Playhouse, Copenhagen,
•This promenade, on the harbor side, allows the
Denmark
Playhouse to make its most open invitation to
The
New
Royal
Playhouse
the
the public, joining the city, the water, and the
Copenhagen harbor, a monument to culture
building. This sense of connection extends
and a nuanced design that reflects a respect for
inside the building’s lobby, creating a kind of
its place.
public urban room. The building then becomes a
•The building, by Danish firm Landward and
place for everyone, not just for those with
Tranberg
tickets.
Arkitekter,
sits
is
on
completely
contemporary and yet seems as though it has
•Along the more intimate Kvæsthusgade, the
always been there.
height of the New Royal Playhouse facade
•Completed in 2008, the 21,000 m2 (226,044
mirrors the buildings opposite, maintaining a
sq. ft.) building opened to strong praise from
kind of scale place-marker.
the architectural community and the general
•The New Royal Playhouse also relates to its
public and has won several awards.
context in its materials, which primarily
•Occupying the former site of a ferry terminal,
are brick, copper, and glass. The selection of
the New Royal Playhouse reflects many positive
brick was inspired by the historic brick
aspects of the Nordic/Danish architectural
warehouses nearby, although the Playhouse
tradition.
bricks were custom-made (and will be described
•The New Royal Playhouse addresses the
in more detail shortly). The copper that clads
various sides of the site with appropriate
the Playhouse tower was inspired by the use of
attitudes. The building makes way for the Sankt
copper on Copenhagen’s historic church towers.
Annæ Plads, which is a vital public square that
PLAYHOUSE. (2014, March 2). Retrieved from dac.dk: http://www.dac.dk/en/dac-life/copenhagen-xgallery/cases/playhouse/
connects to the harbor via a promenade.
Figure 53: Satellite Image
Figure 54: The Harbour and the context
Figure 55: The waterfront
Cultural and Performing Arts Institute, Hebbal Bangalore
Architectural Thesis 2014 | 41 The new Royal Danish Playhouse is an effective ‘theatre-machine’ that takes form as a pronounced, yet respectful completion of the surrounding city. The building consists of three compositional elements: 1. The oak-clad promenade, a public walk floating on thin columns over the water, gives access to the foyer with its panoramic views of the harbour and historic skyline. 2. The scene building, containing the auditorium and three scenes, echoes the material character of the harbour front with rustic brickwork and copperclad tower. 3. The expansive and unifying roof level contains personnel facilities and gives spectacular views in all directions through varying nuances of green glass. Figure 56: Site Plan
The playhouse is placed with careful regard to the
In deferring to these existing urban streets and
surrounding urban context. The building is located
public spaces, the volume of the playhouse
The
as close as possible to Nyhavn canal and maintains
extends naturally over the harbour edge and
conscientious conclusion to Frederiksstadens
the street line along Kvæsthusgade, holding the
over the water
continuous
street space intact. The contour of Sankt Annæ's
The playhouse acts as an anchor for this
simultaneously embracing the harbour and
Plads is also maintained, allowing the existing urban
meeting of city and sea, revealing and
opening up to both theatregoers and those
room to continue to the harbour front.
reinforcing the existing urban spatial qualities.
passing by.
playhouse
provides urban
a
striking,
structure
yet while
Cultural and Performing Arts Institute, Hebbal Bangalore
Architectural Thesis 2014 | 42
FIRST FLOOR
SIDE ELEVATION
SECTION THROUGH MAIN THEATER
Cultural and Performing Arts Institute, Hebbal Bangalore
Architectural Thesis 2014 | 43
Inferences KALAKSHETRA, CHENNAI
BHARAT BHAWAN, BHOPAL
NRITYAGRAM, BANGALORE
Organic, no master plan. Different buildings designed by different architects as per need of time
Planned to form a series of courtyards and terraces open to sky. Uniform, single built mass. Uses natural contours well.
Organic master plan. Village like site plan. Vast open spaces and gardens
Merging with the urban fabric. Connects existing pedestrian routes to a plaza. Prjecting over water.
Granite, Timber, thatch roofs, mangalore tiles, oxide floors, concrete structural elements.
Red sandstone, brick, sand, exposed concrete.
Vernacular materials: mud, thatch roof, bricks
stone,
Bricks, glass and copper- in response to the contest and past
Functions
School of classical music, dance, crafts and weaving, museum, auditorium. Gurukul system with residential premises
Auditorium, art galleries, museum, multi arts complex, no residential component
Gurukul for classical dances with residential component. Guest cottages available.
Peforming spaces for theatre mainly
Learnings
•Passive design strategies •Indoor and outdoor spaces mingle into each other •A prior thoughtful site plan would have led to better usage of space and uniformity in designs of different buildings •The site has a seafront, but it has not been incorporated in the design which could have created waterfront spaces. •The kund like elements with pavilion for music classes and performances is enchanting and mesmerizing.
•Spill out space with every indoor space creates a conducive atmosphere for cultural activities •The transition of spaces from one to other is interesting as there is an element of curiosity at every level. •Vast expanse of open hard surfaces- could have been greener. •Good example of contemporary meets Indian architectural style •Teaching schools could have been incorporated more boldly. •Lake view used appropriately.
•Ideal example of gurukul existence in modern times. •Interaction of indoor and outdoor spaces is commendable •Many semi public spaces like yoga center and gurukuls are quite near the entrance, could have been further away for more privacy •Guest accommodation is right in the center of the site, probably the central position should have been more related to the gurukul. •Element of water is lacking, inspite of good rainfall region.
•Good example of building responding to its context in every possible way. •The waterfront location of the Royal Playhouse is utilised in a seawater cooling system •natural cross ventilation, use of high thermal mass, •Focus on creating public spaces •Projecting over the water might not be an ecologically viable option •Successful in creating a landmark cultural magnet •The promenade visually and physically connects the various city quarters along the water,
Site Plan
Materials
ROYAL DANISH PLAYHOUSE, DENMARK
Cultural and Performing Arts Institute, Hebbal Bangalore
Architectural Thesis 2014 | 44
3. Project Instigation 3.01 Project scope
The major components:
A Cultural and Performing Arts Institute next to the
•School of drama
Hebbal Lake in North Bangalore is the proposed
•School of Music
program. The primary objective of the center being
•School of Dance
promoting classical dance, classical music and
•Auditorium
theatre in an integrated complex which offers an
•Koothambalam
amalgamation of the guru-shishya and modern
•Gurukuls
teaching pedagogy. It is also an effort to rejuvenate
•Art and Crafts workshops
and use the lakefront for cultural and public uses.
•Studios
The thesis would have a mix of cultural and
•Art gallery
institutional component including residential wings
•Exhibition spaces
for the students and limited staff.
•Library
The Institution would serve 300 students, 100 each
•Restaurant
The Site
in the schools of music, dance and drama- providing
•Lakefront landscaping and decks
•47,900 sq.m along the Bellary highway bordering partly the
accommodation to all.
•Open air theatre
northern boundary of the Hebbal lake.
form of an auditorium, an ampitheatre, informal
•Public plaza
•Land use permits developing public or semi public facilities as
spaces would be provided. For making it more active
•Guest house for artists
per Masterplan 2015
for the public, art and exhibition galleries, arts and
•Hostels for students
•The immediate lakefront up to at least 30m is to be
crafts workshops, a silk weaving center and museum
•Dining facilities
demarcated for open/green spaces that can have no
will also be to the program.
•Allied facilities
permanent construction
Performing spaces in the
SITE
HEBBAL LAKE
Figure 57: Site
•A temple
Cultural and Performing Arts Institute, Hebbal Bangalore
Architectural Thesis 2014 | 45
3.02 Area Program COMPONENT ADMINISTRATION
VISITORS ADMIN AND RECEPTION
SCHOOL OF DRAMA
SPACES Directors office Director's section office Dean Registrar Section office dean and registrar Waiting Board room Accounts Chairperson office Pa chairperson Staff toilets TOTAL Reception desk Waiting Manager office Cloak room Ticket counter Souvenir shop Toilets TOTAL Studios- 5 Lecture hall Toilets and changing room Locker room Hod room Section office Staff room Staff cubicles Staff toilets Meeting room Recording studio Music studio Make up studio Voice studio Lghting studio TOTAL
NO. OF USERS 1 2 TO 3 1 1 5 30 5 to 6 1 1
2 10 1 2
20 X 5 100
1 5 10 to 15 3 20
AREA IN SQ.M 60 20 20 20 40 20 50 50 20 15 25 340 5 40 15 15 10 40 40 165 250 100 60 25 20 40 40 45 15 40 20 20 20 20 30 775
REMARKS includes attached toilet, desk, seating includes PA
includes PA to dean & registrar
includes cashier's desk, safe etc
for shows etc
50 Sq.m each including ancillary room, seating, etc
including HOD PA staff lockers included 15 sq. m each 1 male and I female
Cultural and Performing Arts Institute, Hebbal Bangalore
Architectural Thesis 2014 | 46 SCHOOL OF MUSIC AND DANCE
COMMON FACILITIES
ARTS AND CRAFTS CENTER
MUSIC STUDIO DANCE STUDIO INDIVIDUAL CLASSROOMS CHANGING ROOM AND TOILETS LECTURE HALL LOCKER ROOM HOD ROOM SECTION OFFICE STAFF ROOM STAFF CUBICLES STAFF TOILETS MEETING ROOM RECORDING STUDIO MUSIC STUDIO MAKE UP STUDIO VOICE STUDIO LGHTING STUDIO TOTAL WORKSHOPS CARPENTRY PHOTOGRAPHY CRAFTS RESOURCE CENTER COSTUME DESIGN ARCHIVES LIBRARY YOGA AND PRAYER HALL STATIONERY CANTEEN TOTAL STUDIOS-10 WORKSHOPS EXHIBITION PERMANENT ART GALLERIES SOUVENIR SHOP TOTAL
10 x 10 10 x 10
400 400
40 sq.m each 40 sq.m each
5 to 6 per class x 6
240
40 sq.m each x 6 for rehearsals etc
100 50 40 40 80 80 90 20 50 40 40 20 40 20 1750
may be divided into two sets including ancillary room, seating, etc
50 2 10 20 to 30 6 20 to 30
50 30 50 25 75 40 100 200 30 150 (indoor) 10 X 10 5 X 10
250 850 500 100 100 500 50 800
one each for music and dance includin Pas 15 sq.m each x 6 2 male and 2 female cubicles 2 x 20 sq.m 2 x 20 sq.m 2 x 20 sq.m
internet café, print media includes a store, tailors etc keep records of in house productions common and accessible to public can be a mutipurpose hall photostat, printing etc including kitchen and seating, outdoor spill out not included 50 SQ.M each 50 SQ.M each to be split up into flexible galleries
Cultural and Performing Arts Institute, Hebbal Bangalore
Architectural Thesis 2014 | 47 AUDITORIUM
PUBLIC FACILITIES
HOSTEL
NET BUILT UP CIRCULATION 30 %
500 FOYER TOTAL RESTAURANT SERVICES CONFERENCE ROOM M.P. HALL GUEST HOUSE TOILETS TOTAL accomodation mess and other facilities TOTAL
100 2 x 50 200 10 double rooms
300
1500 100 1600 200 50 80
backstage, green rooms included washrooms, reception, snacks counter
300 250 20 1200 3500 1500 5000
PUBLIC GATHERINGS, FUNCTIONS, ETC 25 sq.m each. For visiting artists etc
incuding kitchen 40 sq.m each
12480 16300
Maximum FAR : 1 Ground Coverage < 40%
Cultural and Performing Arts Institute, Hebbal Bangalore
Architectural Thesis 2014 | 48
4. Site Study 4.01 Site Location
site
Figure 59: Site Demarcation
•Site Area: 47,900 sq.m
Figure 58: Bangalore map showing major lakes and roads
•North East of the Hebbal Lake •Along Bellary Road •Around 4 to 5 acres land within site is non buildable and is to be landscaped if possible merging with the existing park on the south of lake. •It is 14 kms from city center and around 26 kms from the airport.
Figure 60: Site Location
Cultural and Performing Arts Institute, Hebbal Bangalore
Architectural Thesis 2014 | 49
4.02 Masterplan and Landuse
Marked in green is area for parks, landscaping etc That allows temporary structures Remaining is under ‘ Large public and semipublic infrastructure, PSU or defence. Blue is for commercial And activity areas
Figure 61: Masterplan
Cultural and Performing Arts Institute, Hebbal Bangalore
Architectural Thesis 2014 | 50
4.03 Site and the city •According to the 2015 structure plan of the Bangalore master plan, the Hebbal area being along the outer ring road area lies in the third belt. “3rd Belt - Recent extensions (2003) of the City flanking-
Hebbal
both sides of the Outer Ring Road, a portion of which lacks services and
infrastructure facilities and is termed as a shadow area;” The master plan shall ensure that vacant lands in strategic areas are occupied. Schemes to integrate natural components in their programs for new development. •The commencement of the Bengaluru International Airport (BIAL) at
Devanahalli in 2008 has ensured that Hebbal has become a very important location for the passengers flying out of Bangalore. All arterial roads and road networks leading to the BIAL intersect at Hebbal.
Figure 62: Bangalore Structure Plan
4.04 The Precinct Hebbal area hosts several companies, such as AstraZeneca, Integra Micro
Embassy Manyata Business Park is one the largest technology and business
Software Services, CEFA and MRO Tech. Embassy Kirslokar Business Park
parks in the city of Bangalore. Global brands like Philips Software
has changed this small semi-urban neighbourhood of Hebbal Kempapura
and IBM have moved in. Bharat Electronics Limited (BEL) has also built its
into a sprawling modern office commercial hub. The Columbia Asia
corporate office opposite the Embassy Manyata Business Park.
Hospital is definitely one of the high-end secondary care hospitals in the
Because of the presence of so many companies around Hebbal, other
north of Bangalore. With Godrej Properties developing the Woodsman
residential areas around Hebbal like RT Nagar, Sahakarnagar have also
Estate, residential development in the area has also been incubated. Along
grown rapidly with many IT professionals staying in these places.
the Outer Ring Road (ORR) just after the Nagawara Lake (Lumbini Gardens),
Cultural and Performing Arts Institute, Hebbal Bangalore
Architectural Thesis 2014 | 51 •The site precinct is also host to a number of institutes, the nearest being- University of Agricultural Sciences and Institute of Animal Health and Veterinary Biology on the south of the Outer Ring Road, schools in every direction, The GKVK a further northwards, and the Ramaiah group of colleges in the extended precinct. •The institutions, the technology parks and other companies along with the neighboring residential areas will give an impetus to the performing arts center.
•The precinct does not host any other major cultural or performing arts center.
Figure 63: The Precinct
Cultural and Performing Arts Institute, Hebbal Bangalore
Architectural Thesis 2014 | 52
coconut grove on the right of lake
ORR
Upcoming residences for army
Residential twin towers
4.05 Neighborhood
Esteem mall
Figure 62:The Neighborhood
Across the Bellary Road is a commercial strip which has a mall, under construction commercial structures, an upcoming private hospital. The recently constructed Hebbal Flyover is very close to the site. There are upcoming luxury apartments, army residences in the vicinity.
Figure 64: Hebbal Flyover
Figure 65: Neighborhood map
Cultural and Performing Arts Institute, Hebbal Bangalore
Architectural Thesis 2014 | 53
4.06 Site Photographs Figure 66: Site Photographs
Fenced edge of the lake
Bellary Road along the site
Lake and site interface
Figure 67: Site View from Embassy lake Terraces, opposite side of the site along Bellary Road
Cultural and Performing Arts Institute, Hebbal Bangalore
Architectural Thesis 2014 | 54
4.07: Climate Study
Micro
Macro •Located at a height of over 3,000 feet (914.4 m) above sea level, Bangalore is
monsoon water for later use.
known for its pleasant climate throughout the year
•Also being centers of rich ecosystem, the lake with its flora and fauna
•Moderate climate throughout the year. •Bangalore
receives
rainfall
from
•Lakeside experience cooler micro climates and also help store the
both
the
northeast
and
the
southwest monsoons and the wettest months are September, October and
provide for psychologically soothing atmospheres. •There is a huge opportunity to create an energy efficient intervention as the need for air conditioned spaces is reduced.
August, in that order
•The lake’s edge is on the south of the site- thus larger openings will not
•Relative humidity varies between 30 to 80%
only let natural light in but provide a view as well in southern direction. •The eastern edge being along the Bellary highway is a weakness as the road experiences heavy traffic throughout the day and is noisy and dusty. •The wind direction is south west and is the major strength of the site, the lake being on its way to the site. Southern edge: Important
factor
that will determine the design.
Figure 68: Climate data
Figure 69: Southern edge of site is bordered by lake
Cultural and Performing Arts Institute, Hebbal Bangalore
Architectural Thesis 2014 | 55
4.08: Transport and Accessibility
Hebbal Railway Station:
Road Accessibility
•10 minutes away from the site. It is going to be
•It's the junction of a national highway leading to
connected to the high speed airport rail link in
BIA and Outer Ring Road that encircles the city
the future
•The 5.23-km Hebbal flyover records movement
BMTC stand:
of 1.24 lakh passenger car units per day.
• 5 minutes from the site, bus terminal is
•The flyover is a crucial point for daily
proposed for near future. BMTC has a large
commuters bound to and from North Bangalore
chunk of land at the corner of Hebbal flyover,
who switch buses at Hebbal. Many board and
now used as a depot
disembark
Namma metro:
Chikkaballapur
•Metro station to come up during phase 2.
after/before alighting from intra-city public
Hebbal's small railway station will emerge as a
transport
big Metro one as two lines will intersect here.
• Crowds waiting for buses and other vehicles at
Hebbal is the emerging inter modal transit hub of
the flyover entrance are in danger of being run
North Bangalore.
over by speeding vehicles.
buses
to
and
Andhra
Figure 70: BMTC Depot
Doddaballapur, Pradesh
here
Figure 71: Hebbal railway station
Figure 72: Hebbal flyover
Cultural and Performing Arts Institute, Hebbal Bangalore
Architectural Thesis 2014 | 56 BELLARY ROAD
30 m set back from lake
LAKE
N Figure 73: Site Drawing Scale 1:2000
Cultural and Performing Arts Institute, Hebbal Bangalore
Architectural Thesis 2014 | 57
5. Design Directions: 5.01 Challenges:
5.02 SWOT analysis FACTOR
STRENGHTH
WEAKNESS
OPPORTUNITY
THREAT
Site
-Lakefront - Quadrilateral -North-south orientation
-sensitivity to lake may restrict design and add limitations
Rejuvenating the dead waterfront and create an example
Might increase activity along the lake very rapidly
Accessibility
Easily accessible, upcoming transit hub
Service road only along the north west corner of site, no other road
Exploit the good connectivity and create a cultural hub and identity for the city
Might increase traffic on the existing infrastructure
Orientation and waterfront
Lake on south side- favorable for wind and lighting
30m from lake buffer for built.
Creating terraces and levels with lake view and also suiting the climatic needs
Schools of dance, music and drama
Close to nature, independent yet in same complex
Not all parts will be towards the lake, priorities to be allotted
Explore indoor and outdoor learning and performing spaces
Might have to be buffered from open public activities for privacy
Auditorium
500 capacity, major host for events
Lacks expanding capability. Large events cannot take place
Attract artists and culture vultures from the city
Excessive activity might disturb the schools in campus
Residential
To have both gurukuls and hostels
Limited capacity. In the same campus as auditorium etc
Wholesome institute for learning performing arts. Dedicated atmosphere.
•Sensitivity to lake and fruitful utilization of prime land •Landscaping and
designing of accessible open
spaces specially along the lakefront is critical. • Create awareness on how lakefronts can rejuvenate public spaces
•Take into account the nalah that is part of the site. •Integrating the schools with public cultural activities yet keeping their privacy and identities. •Being on the highway, it needs to take advantage
of the connectivity but be buffered against the traffic and noise. According to BDA for public or semi public complexes regulations are as follows: For Site area >2000 sq.m •Ground Coverage <45% •FAR 2.25 •30 m buffer around lake’s periphery for no development except activities related to lake, reservation for parks, landscaping etc. •10% land area to be earmarked for parks and civic amenities and 5% for parking •Ramps for physically handicapped is mandatory
Cultural and Performing Arts Institute, Hebbal Bangalore
Architectural Thesis 2014 | 58
5.03 Psychometric Analysis
Psychrome tric Chart Location: Bangalore, IND Frequency: 1st January to 31st December Weekday Times: 06:00-22:00 Hrs Weekend Times: 06:00-22:00 Hrs Barometric Pressure: 101.36 kPa © Weather Tool
AH
As we can see from the psychometric chart derived using the software Autodesk weather tool, indirect evaporative cooling and natural
SELECT ED DESIGN T ECHNIQUES: 1. passive solar heating 2. thermal mass effects 3. exposed mass + night-purge ventilation 4. natural ventilation 5. direct evaporative cooling 6. indirect evaporative cooling
30
ventilation are the most important design technique in order to provide comfortable and energy efficient spaces.
25
This is going to be important while designing..
20
15
10
5 Comfort
DBT(°C)
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
Figure 74: Psychometric Chart
Cultural and Performing Arts Institute, Hebbal Bangalore
Architectural Thesis 2014 | 59
5.04 Passive Design Strategies. After studying the psychometric chart, the three main effective strategies are included in the
Psychrome tric Chart
AH
Location: Bangalore, IND Frequency: 1st January to 31st December Weekday Times: 06:00-22:00 Hrs Weekend Times: 06:00-22:00 Hrs Barometric Pressure: 101.36 kPa © Weather Tool
30
COMFORT: Indirect Evaporative Cooling
design of spaces. Indirect Evaporative Cooling:
25
•Considering that the site is lakefront and wind direction is from the lakeside itself, having major
20
openings towards south (lakefront) and orienting
it the same way would lead to cooling because of 15
the lake. •For interiors of the site, rain water can be 10
collected into a large water body which would help in the cooling of spaces near it..
5
•Cool air is drawn in through the openings in the
Comfort
front wall, after passing over the lake or water body for additional cooling. This sustainable solution replaces air conditioning, keeping the building cool and naturally ventilated throughout
DBT(°C)
5
10
Figure 75: Psychometric Chart showing effect of indirect evaporative cooling
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
the summer months
Figure 76: cooling because of water body
Cultural and Performing Arts Institute, Hebbal Bangalore
50
Architectural Thesis 2014 | 60 Psychrome tric Chart
Natural Ventilation: •Including courtyards in the design gets indirect light into classrooms
AH
Location: Bangalore, IND Frequency: 1st January to 31st December Weekday Times: 06:00-22:00 Hrs Weekend Times: 06:00-22:00 Hrs Barometric Pressure: 101.36 kPa © Weather Tool
30
COMFORT: Natural Ventilation
and helps in the creation of naturally ventilated spaces.
25
• Having placement of openings to allow cross-ventilation the 20
summer months •The residential parts of the built up (hostels) can easily follow the
15
night purge ventilation by manual/mechanical opening of windows.
10
During the day, the thermal mass soaks up heat; and at night it is 5 Comfort
cooled by outside air. DBT(°C)
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Figure 77: Extended comfort zone with proper natural ventilation
50
Figure 78: Suitable natural ventilation techniques
Cultural and Performing Arts Institute, Hebbal Bangalore
Architectural Thesis 2014 | 61 Most private, closest to lake Close to lake, less privacy Further from lake, but has privacy
Maximization of view
Close to road Least private Design Determinants: •Maximization of lake view, at the same time maintaining north-south orientation. •Hierarchy determining
of
spaces zoning
in and
massing. •The
residential
component
being densest and needing privacy is kept in the north west quadrant while the public in north east being nearest to the road. •The area towards the lake is for academic use.
Figure 79: The site and lake relationship
Cultural and Performing Arts Institute, Hebbal Bangalore
Architectural Thesis 2014 | 62
5.05 Spatial Organization Typical Condition
Proposed Condition Parking Gallery Parking
Auditorium
Admin
Residential Parking
Residential
Plaza
Services
Mess
Auditorium Entrance Mandapa
Sports Residential
OAT
Guest
Guest house
Gurukuls
Koothambalam
Restaurant Sculpture Gallery lawns Plaza Cultural
Spill outs Academic
Koothambalam Gurukuls
courts Drama School
Music School
OAT
Dance School
Promenade
Nataraj Idol
Cultural and Performing Arts Institute, Hebbal Bangalore
Architectural Thesis 2014 | 63
6. Design Translation: 6.01 Concept: •Deriving the geometry and forms from vernacular architecture of Karnataka. •Elements like courtyards, stone columns and masonry, sloping roofs, Mangalore tiles etc to play a major role. •Maintaining visual axes to maximize the lake view and ease movement . •Connected open spaces and landscaped courts to form a sense of unification. •Massing and zoning to respect the lake and increase gradually. •The
four
main
components
are
Figure 80: A connected series of courtyards and open spaces responding to site and program elements.
Figure 83: maintaining visual and movement axes
distributed into four uneven quadrants, keeping identities yet intermingled. •The spaces move from the public spaces on the periphery to the more private spaces as one moves towards the core,
Figure 81: Gradual increase in massing in response to lake
reflected through variations in scale & proportion, producing very interesting spaces
Figure 82: Vernacular elements
Figure 84: Enhancing the ‘amidst the nature’ experience
Cultural and Performing Arts Institute, Hebbal Bangalore
Architectural Thesis 2014 | 64
7. Design Evolution
The initial approach was to divide the site into four quadrants based on the Char Bagh concept
7.01 Stage 1
.Trying to arrange all components in north-south
N
orientation, two major central axes were created. •Creating a series of vistas and view terraces was also attempted. •This stage was mainly about zoning and
understanding
the
mass
of
individual
components. •A central Mandapa was created as a gesture to connect the four quadrants. •The north-east quadrant was the public domain
while all others were kept to be a mix of residential and academic. Inference: •The symmetry generally followed in a char bagh was restricting the site plan and also making the
whole of it very rigid. •The residential element being the bulk of the massing
and
having
its
own
functional
requirements should not be mixed with the low density academic massing..
Cultural and Performing Arts Institute, Hebbal Bangalore
Architectural Thesis 2014 | 65
7.02 Stage 2 •In the second stage the central axes from the previous stage was continued and different functions were arranged
around them. •The residential blocks- also the bulk was kept in the northwestern part of the site keeping the lighter academic blocks towards the lake. •The smaller gurukul units were arranged organically along
the western edge with a small shrine dedicated to Nataraj in the center facing east- as in traditional temple architecture. •Vehicular movement was restricted to the edges only. •An ampitheatre with the lake as a backdrop was put at the end of the central north-south axis. Inference: •There was a lack of coherence in the spaces. Apart from looking onto the lake, the buildings needed to respond to each other as well. •The central Mandapa should have been more connected to other functions. •The site plan still seemed stiff.
Cultural and Performing Arts Institute, Hebbal Bangalore
Architectural Thesis 2014 | 66
7.03 Stage 3
•The
third
stage
included
detailing
of
individual
components along with working on the siteplan. •The massing was re-zoned as per functions and all the open spaces were connected to one another for a wholesome experience. •Performing and recreational spaces were interspread amongst the built. •The central Mandapa gave way to a courtyard complex inspired by the South-Indian temple complex which had an east facing Nataraj shrine and A Koothambalam facing the shrine. The Gurukuls were placed in an Ashram like setting with an ampitheatre in the center.
Inference: •The unbuilt spaces needed to be better connected and create unity in the overall plan. • The academic blocks- the three schools needed to form a unified complex and not three separate entities.
•More clarity in circulation across the site was needed from the point of view of a general user. •Lake-view needed to be exploited further. •The zoning was appropriate and carried forward.
Cultural and Performing Arts Institute, Hebbal Bangalore
Architectural Thesis 2014 | 67
7.04 Stage 4 •The orientation of all the components was tilted slightly to the south-west to maximize the lake view- yet maintaining the advantages of north-south direction. •The paths connecting the various spaces was allowed to be more free flowing and less rigid. •The academic schools now created unison, yet maintaining their individual identities. •A water body was introduced in the center- to collect rainwater and act as a point of interest for the visitor. •The Koothambalam was shifted amidst the gurukuls to complete the ashram and traditional setting.
Inference: •The hostel block needed re- alignment as they were creating ‘two large walls’ like feeling in the site plan. •The gesture to connect the different zones through open courts needed to be more formal and prominent. •Immediate lakefront needed to be further treated and taken advantage of.
Cultural and Performing Arts Institute, Hebbal Bangalore
Architectural Thesis 2014 | 68
7.05 Stage 5 •Stage 5 was more about re-adjusting the block and unbuilt spaces for a better coherence. •One of the hostel blocks was moved to the western edge, allowing a gradual staggering down of massing as one moved from north to south. This enhanced the lake view and helped create a visual connection. •The three academic blocks were linked further with an ampitheatre in their center which also acts as a student plaza. •The lake was allowed to flow into the site and create usable spill-out spaces along the water’s edge and at the same time getting water nearer to the built..
Inference: •The central plaza with the water body needs to be more formal and probably be integrated into an alternative
performance area. •The public block with the gallery and restaurant needs to be more efficient.
Cultural and Performing Arts Institute, Hebbal Bangalore
Architectural Thesis 2014 | 69
8.The Finale 8.01 Final Zoning Public
Public
Institutional
Residential The Public Block is kept in the quadrant that is least
Residential
private and is next to the
massing wise has been kept
vehicular access of the site.
northwards
being
with
densest
vehicular
access for services. It is placed in a peaceful part of the site.
Institutional
Public
The
Institutional
components
are
towards
lake-
the
teaching-learning
placed the
spaces
taking most of the serene environs and view
Public
Institutional
Residential
Greens
Greens, spill out and informal performing
spaces
are
interspersed and connected with each other and the built. All built is in a way placed
within a landscaped court.
Cultural and Performing Arts Institute, Hebbal Bangalore
Architectural Thesis 2014 | 70
8.02 Site Plan
N
Plan Not to Scale.
Cultural and Performing Arts Institute, Hebbal Bangalore
Architectural Thesis 2014 | 71
8.03 Circulation Vehicular Movement Services Circulation Primary Pedestrian Secondary Pedestrian The vehicular movement has been restricted to the periphery only so as to have a maximised pedestrian zone. Two service bays have been provided- one near the mess and the other near the auditorium backside. The major pedestrian circulation connects the three main visual axes facing the lake, also linking the five major courts, central to each group of spaces. The secondary paths lead to private/ semi-private spaces and help create a journey full of smaller elements throughout the site. The three main axes culminate at a focus point each which have the serene lake as a backdrop, doing justice to the beautiful lakefront.
Cultural and Performing Arts Institute, Hebbal Bangalore
Architectural Thesis 2014 | 72
8.04 Floor Plans
Hostel Block
Ground Floor
The massing of the hostel block has been staggered floor wise to create terraces and common spaces on every floor. The structural system consists of load bearing walls stacked one on another at a regular interval.
First Floor
Plan Not to Scale.
Cultural and Performing Arts Institute, Hebbal Bangalore
Architectural Thesis 2014 | 73
Hostel Block
Third Floor
The ground and first floors have twin sharing rooms while the second and third floor rooms are single ones. Laundry rooms, pantries and TV lounge are present on alternate floors
Fourth Floor
Plan Not to Scale.
Cultural and Performing Arts Institute, Hebbal Bangalore
Architectural Thesis 2014 | 74
Mess and Hostel Block
Ground Floor
Plan Not to Scale.
First Floor
The Mess is located along with the second hostel block. -The mess dining hall has a capacity of 150. -The services and kitchen are connected to a service bay at the backside. -Accommodation for three staff members is available above the kitchen with common bath facilities. -The dining hall is accessed by the students from a separate entry through a lobby. -Mess has utensil rinsing facilities for students after which they are properly washed and stored by the staff in a separate washing area.
Cultural and Performing Arts Institute, Hebbal Bangalore
Architectural Thesis 2014 | 75
Third Floor
Fourth Floor
Plans Not to Scale.
Cultural and Performing Arts Institute, Hebbal Bangalore
Architectural Thesis 2014 | 76
Academic Wing
Ground Floor
First Floor
Plans Not to Scale.
Cultural and Performing Arts Institute, Hebbal Bangalore
Architectural Thesis 2014 | 77
Guest Block
Ground Floor
First Floor Gurukul
Ground Floor
First Floor
Plans Not to Scale.
Cultural and Performing Arts Institute, Hebbal Bangalore
Architectural Thesis 2014 | 78
Public Block Visitors enter the Mandapa from the drop off and then proceed to their next destination. The Public Block consists of a reception-lounge, a cafe overlooking the Kalyani, an exhibition gallery that opens into sculpture courts and connects with the rest of the open spaces. The first floor has a library on performing arts, the administration offices and specialised studios related to recording, costume and set design etc. that exhibit their work in the gallery space outside of them.
Cut 3D section of auditorium
Plans Not to Scale.
Cultural and Performing Arts Institute, Hebbal Bangalore
Architectural Thesis 2014 | 79
8.05 Sections
SECTION CC
Cultural and Performing Arts Institute, Hebbal Bangalore
Architectural Thesis 2014 | 80
8.06 Roof Plan
Cultural and Performing Arts Institute, Hebbal Bangalore
Architectural Thesis 2014 | 81
8.07 Hand Sketches
Sketched view of the treated lakefront: Ghats, spill outs, Open air Theatre with the lake as a backdrop, pavilions and a boating deck formed a part of the lakefront landscaping and intervention. The idea was to rejuvenate this edge of the site and fill it with activities in collaboration with the overall program. The lake was let into the site a bit, so that the waterfront got closer to the built without encroaching the lake. The OAT was extended into the water to create a unique experience for the performer and audience.
Sketch Credits: Tushar Verma
Cultural and Performing Arts Institute, Hebbal Bangalore
Architectural Thesis 2014 | 82
The central axis culminated into a traditional styled pavilion placed in the water to act as a focus point in the visual line. The Kalyani- inspired from stepped ponds of Hampi acts as a central node. It collects rainwater from the surroundings and again acts as an informal performing space. The path from the Kalyani extends onto a deck at the end providing a mesmerising view of the lake and the horizon
Cultural and Performing Arts Institute, Hebbal Bangalore
Architectural Thesis 2014 | 83 The steps of the Kalyanistepped pond act as a spill out for the students while also serving as a performing space with the columned pavilions arranged on one side. This is the central attraction and node for the whole site plan.
Cultural and Performing Arts Institute, Hebbal Bangalore
Architectural Thesis 2014 | 84
The Nataraj idol with the lake in its background acts as a point of spiritual focus in the Gurukul area. It helps set the mood of the Gurukul zone.
Cultural and Performing Arts Institute, Hebbal Bangalore
Architectural Thesis 2014 | 85
8.08 3 D Views
Cultural and Performing Arts Institute, Hebbal Bangalore
Architectural Thesis 2014 | 86
Birds Eye View of the site and intervention. Overall its an attempt to create a wholesome atmosphere for a performing arts institute inspired from vernacular forms and typologies, amidst the nature.
Cultural and Performing Arts Institute, Hebbal Bangalore
Architectural Thesis 2014 | 87
8.09 Model Photographs
Cultural and Performing Arts Institute, Hebbal Bangalore
Architectural Thesis 2014 | 88
Cultural and Performing Arts Institute, Hebbal Bangalore
Architectural Thesis 2014 | 89
Cultural and Performing Arts Institute, Hebbal Bangalore
Architectural Thesis 2014 | 90
8.09 Model
Cultural and Performing Arts Institute, Hebbal Bangalore
Architectural Thesis 2014 | 91
Glossary: •Gurukula: Gurukul is a type of school in India, residential in nature, with pupils (shishya) living near the guru, often within the same house. Prior to British rule, they served as South Asia's primary educational institution. •Kalyani: Stepwell, also called pushkarani in Karnataka •Koothambalam: Koothambalam or Kuttampalam meaning temple theatre is a closed hall for staging Koothu, Nangiar koothu and Koodiyattam, the ancient ritualistic art forms of Kerala, India. Koothambalams are said to be constructed according to the guide lines given in the chapter 2 of Nātyasāstra of Bharata Muni. •Mandapa: A Mandapa (Sanskrit: मण्डप, Hindi: मंडप, also spelled mantapa or mandapam) in Indian architecture is a pillared outdoor hall or pavilion for public rituals. •Nataraj : Nataraj is the Lord of Dance. Nāṭaraja is derived from the Sanskrit words "Natya" (dance) and "Raja" (king) meaning "Lord of dance".
Cultural and Performing Arts Institute, Hebbal Bangalore
Architectural Thesis 2014 | 92
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Cultural and Performing Arts Institute, Hebbal Bangalore